[{"tmp":{"short":"CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by_nc_nd.png"},"intvolume":"        18","article_number":"e2024MS004576","date_published":"2026-01-12T00:00:00Z","citation":{"ieee":"B. B. GOSWAMI, Z. Lu, and C. J. Muller, “Convective self‐aggregation in diurnally oscillating sea surface temperature and solar forcing experiments,” <i>Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems</i>, vol. 18, no. 1. Wiley, 2026.","chicago":"GOSWAMI, BIDYUT B, Ziyin Lu, and Caroline J Muller. “Convective Self‐aggregation in Diurnally Oscillating Sea Surface Temperature and Solar Forcing Experiments.” <i>Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems</i>. Wiley, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024ms004576\">https://doi.org/10.1029/2024ms004576</a>.","ama":"GOSWAMI BB, Lu Z, Muller CJ. Convective self‐aggregation in diurnally oscillating sea surface temperature and solar forcing experiments. <i>Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems</i>. 2026;18(1). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024ms004576\">10.1029/2024ms004576</a>","mla":"GOSWAMI, BIDYUT B., et al. “Convective Self‐aggregation in Diurnally Oscillating Sea Surface Temperature and Solar Forcing Experiments.” <i>Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems</i>, vol. 18, no. 1, e2024MS004576, Wiley, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024ms004576\">10.1029/2024ms004576</a>.","ista":"GOSWAMI BB, Lu Z, Muller CJ. 2026. Convective self‐aggregation in diurnally oscillating sea surface temperature and solar forcing experiments. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems. 18(1), e2024MS004576.","apa":"GOSWAMI, B. B., Lu, Z., &#38; Muller, C. J. (2026). Convective self‐aggregation in diurnally oscillating sea surface temperature and solar forcing experiments. <i>Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems</i>. Wiley. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024ms004576\">https://doi.org/10.1029/2024ms004576</a>","short":"B.B. GOSWAMI, Z. Lu, C.J. Muller, Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 18 (2026)."},"article_processing_charge":"Yes","quality_controlled":"1","publication":"Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems","month":"01","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"OA_place":"publisher","publisher":"Wiley","OA_type":"gold","title":"Convective self‐aggregation in diurnally oscillating sea surface temperature and solar forcing experiments","issue":"1","ddc":["550"],"corr_author":"1","scopus_import":"1","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1942-2466"]},"doi":"10.1029/2024ms004576","date_created":"2026-01-20T10:08:54Z","has_accepted_license":"1","status":"public","day":"12","type":"journal_article","DOAJ_listed":"1","acknowledgement":"The authors gratefully acknowledge funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (Project CLUSTER, Grant Agreement No. 805041). This research was supported by the Scientific Service Units (SSU) of ISTA through resources provided by Scientific Computing (SciComp). We are grateful to three anonymous reviewer(s) for their insightful suggestions that have improved the quality of our manuscript. Open Access funding provided by Institute of Science and Technology Austria/KEMÖ.","oa_version":"Published Version","_id":"21013","project":[{"name":"Organization of CLoUdS, and implications of Tropical  cyclones and for the Energetics of the tropics, in current and waRming climate","call_identifier":"H2020","grant_number":"805041","_id":"629205d8-2b32-11ec-9570-e1356ff73576"}],"ec_funded":1,"oa":1,"article_type":"original","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"We have addressed convective self‐aggregation (CSA) in steady and oscillating sea surface temperature (SST) and solar radiation (SOLIN) cloud‐resolving model simulations in a non‐rotating radiative‐convective equilibrium (RCE) framework. Our experiment designs are motivated by land‐ocean heterogeneity of atmospheric convection. The steady and oscillating forcings are idealizations of ocean and land conditions, respectively, based on their differences in heat capacities. In both kinds of simulations, the diurnal mean SST and SOLIN are the same, and both SST and SOLIN are only varied in time (i.e., they are spatially homogeneous at any given time). We find that diurnally oscillating forcing accelerates CSA. Stronger long‐wave cooling in dry regions at night and during the warm SST phase (late afternoon) both allow the long‐wave feedback, known to favor aggregation, to intensify compared to steady forcing simulations. In addition to the long‐wave, reduced short‐wave warming in dry regions (during the day) further enhances radiative cooling there compared to moist regions. Overall, the radiative cooling is enhanced in dry regions compared to neighboring moist convective regions. A dry subsidence is driven by this net radiative (short‐wave plus long‐wave) cooling, consistent with earlier work on CSA. Stronger radiative cooling allows stronger subsidence which allows low‐level circulation to more efficiently transport moisture and energy up‐gradient, driving convection to aggregate faster. We also note a sensitivity of our experimental setup to initial conditions, more so at warmer SST. This stochastic behavior might be critical in reconciling the differences of opinion regarding the response of convection aggregation to oscillating SST forcing."}],"acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"ScienComp"}],"author":[{"full_name":"GOSWAMI, BIDYUT B","orcid":"0000-0001-8602-3083","id":"3a4ac09c-6d61-11ec-bf66-884cde66b64b","first_name":"BIDYUT B","last_name":"GOSWAMI"},{"last_name":"Lu","first_name":"Ziyin","id":"a6e549c6-8972-11ed-ae7b-a336d97ac043","full_name":"Lu, Ziyin","orcid":"0009-0008-5320-7730"},{"first_name":"Caroline J","last_name":"Muller","full_name":"Muller, Caroline J","orcid":"0000-0001-5836-5350","id":"f978ccb0-3f7f-11eb-b193-b0e2bd13182b"}],"department":[{"_id":"CaMu"},{"_id":"BjHo"},{"_id":"GradSch"}],"PlanS_conform":"1","date_updated":"2026-01-21T08:41:19Z","file_date_updated":"2026-01-21T08:39:01Z","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","file":[{"date_updated":"2026-01-21T08:39:01Z","file_size":19509786,"file_id":"21027","content_type":"application/pdf","relation":"main_file","file_name":"2026_JAMES_Goswami.pdf","creator":"dernst","success":1,"date_created":"2026-01-21T08:39:01Z","checksum":"6ea369e3b46bea58efab4f38b6c671a7","access_level":"open_access"}],"publication_status":"published","volume":18,"year":"2026"},{"oa_version":"Published Version","_id":"21295","project":[{"_id":"238598C6-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E","grant_number":"662960","name":"Revisiting the Turbulence Problem Using Statistical Mechanics"}],"article_type":"original","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Depending on the type of flow, the transition to turbulence can take one of two forms: either turbulence arises from a sequence of instabilities or from the spatial proliferation of transiently chaotic domains, a process analogous to directed percolation. The former scenario is commonly referred to as a supercritical transition and frequently encountered in flows destabilized by body forces, whereas the latter subcritical transition is common in shear flows. Both cases are inherently continuous in a sense that the transformation from ordered laminar to fully turbulent fluid motion is only accomplished gradually with flow speed. Here we show that these established transition types do not account for the more general setting of shear flows subject to body forces. The combination of the two continuous scenarios leads to the attenuation of spatial coupling; with increasing forcing amplitude, the transition becomes increasingly sharp and eventually discontinuous. We argue that the suppression of laminar–turbulent coexistence and the approach towards a discontinuous phase transition potentially apply to a broad range of situations including flows subject to, for example, buoyancy, centrifugal or electromagnetic forces."}],"external_id":{"arxiv":["2311.11474"]},"author":[{"orcid":"0000-0002-4843-6853","full_name":"Yang, Bowen","id":"71b6ff4b-15b2-11ec-abd3-aef6b028cf7e","first_name":"Bowen","last_name":"Yang"},{"full_name":"Zhuang, Yi","id":"3677B57C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Yi","last_name":"Zhuang"},{"first_name":"Gökhan","last_name":"Yalniz","orcid":"0000-0002-8490-9312","full_name":"Yalniz, Gökhan","id":"66E74FA2-D8BF-11E9-8249-8DE2E5697425"},{"first_name":"Mukund","last_name":"Vasudevan","full_name":"Vasudevan, Mukund","id":"3C5A959A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"last_name":"Marensi","first_name":"Elena","id":"0BE7553A-1004-11EA-B805-18983DDC885E","full_name":"Marensi, Elena","orcid":"0000-0001-7173-4923"},{"id":"3A374330-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Hof, Björn","orcid":"0000-0003-2057-2754","last_name":"Hof","first_name":"Björn"}],"department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"BjHo"}],"PlanS_conform":"1","date_updated":"2026-02-23T11:36:46Z","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","publication_status":"epub_ahead","year":"2026","tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"citation":{"ista":"Yang B, Zhuang Y, Yalniz G, Vasudevan M, Marensi E, Hof B. 2026. Discontinuous transition to shear flow turbulence. Nature Physics.","apa":"Yang, B., Zhuang, Y., Yalniz, G., Vasudevan, M., Marensi, E., &#38; Hof, B. (2026). Discontinuous transition to shear flow turbulence. <i>Nature Physics</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-025-03166-3\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-025-03166-3</a>","short":"B. Yang, Y. Zhuang, G. Yalniz, M. Vasudevan, E. Marensi, B. Hof, Nature Physics (2026).","ama":"Yang B, Zhuang Y, Yalniz G, Vasudevan M, Marensi E, Hof B. Discontinuous transition to shear flow turbulence. <i>Nature Physics</i>. 2026. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-025-03166-3\">10.1038/s41567-025-03166-3</a>","ieee":"B. Yang, Y. Zhuang, G. Yalniz, M. Vasudevan, E. Marensi, and B. Hof, “Discontinuous transition to shear flow turbulence,” <i>Nature Physics</i>. Springer Nature, 2026.","chicago":"Yang, Bowen, Yi Zhuang, Gökhan Yalniz, Mukund Vasudevan, Elena Marensi, and Björn Hof. “Discontinuous Transition to Shear Flow Turbulence.” <i>Nature Physics</i>. Springer Nature, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-025-03166-3\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-025-03166-3</a>.","mla":"Yang, Bowen, et al. “Discontinuous Transition to Shear Flow Turbulence.” <i>Nature Physics</i>, Springer Nature, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-025-03166-3\">10.1038/s41567-025-03166-3</a>."},"date_published":"2026-02-17T00:00:00Z","quality_controlled":"1","article_processing_charge":"Yes (via OA deal)","publication":"Nature Physics","month":"02","publisher":"Springer Nature","OA_place":"publisher","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"title":"Discontinuous transition to shear flow turbulence","OA_type":"hybrid","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1745-2481"],"issn":["1745-2473"]},"scopus_import":"1","corr_author":"1","ddc":["532"],"date_created":"2026-02-17T11:38:41Z","arxiv":1,"doi":"10.1038/s41567-025-03166-3","has_accepted_license":"1","status":"public","type":"journal_article","day":"17","acknowledgement":"The work was supported by the Simons Foundation (grant number 662960, to B.H.). Open access funding provided by Institute of Science and Technology (IST Austria)."},{"article_processing_charge":"No","month":"05","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"OA_place":"publisher","publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","date_published":"2025-05-13T00:00:00Z","citation":{"mla":"Yalniz, Gökhan. <i>Transition to Turbulence : Data-, Solution-, and Pattern-Driven Approaches</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-19684\">10.15479/AT-ISTA-19684</a>.","ieee":"G. Yalniz, “Transition to turbulence : Data-, solution-, and pattern-driven approaches,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025.","chicago":"Yalniz, Gökhan. “Transition to Turbulence : Data-, Solution-, and Pattern-Driven Approaches.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-19684\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-19684</a>.","ama":"Yalniz G. Transition to turbulence : Data-, solution-, and pattern-driven approaches. 2025. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-19684\">10.15479/AT-ISTA-19684</a>","short":"G. Yalniz, Transition to Turbulence : Data-, Solution-, and Pattern-Driven Approaches, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025.","apa":"Yalniz, G. (2025). <i>Transition to turbulence : Data-, solution-, and pattern-driven approaches</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-19684\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-19684</a>","ista":"Yalniz G. 2025. Transition to turbulence : Data-, solution-, and pattern-driven approaches. Institute of Science and Technology Austria."},"doi":"10.15479/AT-ISTA-19684","date_created":"2025-05-12T15:12:28Z","status":"public","has_accepted_license":"1","type":"dissertation","day":"13","acknowledgement":"The work in this thesis was supported by a grant from the Simons Foundation (662960, BH).\r\n","title":"Transition to turbulence : Data-, solution-, and pattern-driven approaches","corr_author":"1","ddc":["514","519","532","004"],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["2663-337X"]},"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The overarching goal of this thesis is to break down the complexity of turbulent flows in terms of enumerable, coherent structures and patterns. In a five-paper series, we adopt a variety of perspectives and techniques to relate the properties of systems of increasing complexity to their underlying coherent structures. \r\n\r\nInitially, we take a dynamical systems point of view, seeing turbulent flow as a chaotic trajectory bouncing between exact unstable solutions of the underlying equations of motion. Using persistent homology, the main tool of topological data analysis capturing the persistence across scales of topological features in a point cloud, we introduce a method that quantifies visits of turbulent trajectories to unstable time-periodic solutions, also called periodic orbits. We demonstrate this method first in the Rössler and Kuramoto–Sivashinsky systems. Using this method in 3D Kolmogorov flow, we extract a Markov chain from turbulent data, where each node corresponds to the neighbourhood of a periodic orbit. The invariant distribution of this Markov chain reproduces expectation values on turbulent data when it is used to weight averages on the respective periodic orbits.\r\n\r\nIn more realistic, wall-bounded settings, such as plane-Couette flow (pcf) driven by the relative motion of the walls, or plane-Poiseuille flow (ppf) driven by a pressure gradient, finding exact solutions is difficult. We use dynamic mode decomposition (DMD), a dimensionality reduction method for sequential data, to identify and approximate low-dimensional dynamics without knowing any exact solutions. Most spatially-extended systems are equivariant under translations, and in such cases spatial drifts dominate DMD, hindering its use in the search for and modelling of low-dimensional dynamics. We augment DMD with a symmetry reduction method trained on turbulent data to stop it from seeing translations as a feature, improving its ability to extract dynamical information in translation-equivariant systems. We find segments of turbulent trajectories that linearize well with their symmetry-reduced DMD spectra, akin to dynamics near exact solutions. Searching for harmonics in the spectra gives leads for periodic orbits with spatial drifts, one of which converges to a new solution.\r\n\r\nIn larger domains, turbulence can localize and coexist with surrounding laminar flow. Our preceding approaches are global, taking all of a domain into account at once, and cannot readily treat each localized patch individually. Working first in a minimal oblique domain that can host a single 1D-localized turbulent patch, we find that turbulence in ppf is connected to a stable periodic orbit at a flow velocity much lower than when turbulence is first onset. We show that, well in advance of sustained turbulence, chaos sets in explosively, and for long time horizons, time series are consistent with that of a random process.\r\n\r\nFinally, in much larger domains, we study and compare 2D-localized turbulence that appears as large-scale inclined structures, called stripes, in ppf and pcf. While appearing similar, we find that stripes in these two settings differ significantly in terms of how they sustain themselves, and in higher velocities, how they proliferate."}],"acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"ScienComp"}],"author":[{"last_name":"Yalniz","first_name":"Gökhan","id":"66E74FA2-D8BF-11E9-8249-8DE2E5697425","orcid":"0000-0002-8490-9312","full_name":"Yalniz, Gökhan"}],"department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"BjHo"}],"oa_version":"Published Version","_id":"19684","project":[{"_id":"238598C6-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E","grant_number":"662960","name":"Revisiting the Turbulence Problem Using Statistical Mechanics"}],"oa":1,"page":"155","user_id":"ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd","file":[{"content_type":"application/pdf","file_id":"19685","relation":"main_file","file_size":20058169,"date_updated":"2025-05-12T15:13:28Z","file_name":"Gökhan Yalnız - PhD thesis.pdf","date_created":"2025-05-12T15:13:28Z","checksum":"0e452642b79f13633f1595bde71a67e3","creator":"gyalniz","success":1,"access_level":"open_access"},{"access_level":"open_access","checksum":"921099d76adab2df784ce12ce41cfb22","date_created":"2025-05-12T15:15:59Z","description":"3D visualizations of the turbulent flow (left) and the periodic orbits (middle) that are being shadowed along with the local state space projections (right) onto the principal components of the respective periodic orbit. Shown here are the isosurfaces of velocity (red/blue: ±95% of the instantaneous maximum) and vorticity (purple/green: ±65% of the instantaneous maximum) in the x-direction. Markers along the projections are in sync with the 3D visualizations. The movie corresponds to the initial time interval (up to t = 100) of figure 2.2 (a,b); periodic orbits and the state space projections are shown only through the shadowing events indicated in figure 2.2 (b).","creator":"gyalniz","file_name":"Movie 2A.1.mp4","relation":"supplementary_material","title":"Chapter 2 - Movie 2A.1","file_id":"19686","content_type":"video/mp4","file_size":37763743,"date_updated":"2025-05-12T15:43:28Z"},{"file_name":"Movie 3A.1.mp4","title":"Chapter 3 - Movie 3A.1","relation":"supplementary_material","file_id":"19687","content_type":"video/mp4","date_updated":"2025-05-12T15:43:28Z","file_size":3902655,"access_level":"open_access","checksum":"0ae5ac7d9896003c0c4207dd746808dc","date_created":"2025-05-12T15:16:09Z","description":"Turbulent flow (left) in HKW domain and its symmetry reduction (right). Shown here are the isosurfaces of streamwise velocity (red/blue: u = 0.5 max/min u) and streamwise vorticity (green/purple: ω_x = 0.5 max/min ω_x).","creator":"gyalniz"},{"creator":"gyalniz","date_created":"2025-05-12T15:16:21Z","description":"Turbulent flow (left) in P2K domain and its symmetry reduction (right). Shown here are the isosurfaces of streamwise velocity (red/blue: u = 0.5 max/min u) and streamwise vorticity (green/purple: ω_x = 0.5 max/min ω_x).","checksum":"ef8d270e066c1a9c3cb5ae46acf945e6","access_level":"open_access","file_size":7043169,"date_updated":"2025-05-12T15:43:28Z","file_id":"19688","content_type":"video/mp4","title":"Chapter 3 - Movie 3A.2","relation":"supplementary_material","file_name":"Movie 3A.2.mp4"},{"access_level":"open_access","creator":"gyalniz","description":"Relative periodic orbit RPO_79.4 (left) of the plane-Couette flow (HKW domain) and its symmetry reduction (right). Shown here are the isosurfaces of streamwise velocity (red/blue: u = 0.5 max/min u) and streamwise vorticity (green/purple: ω_x = 0.5 max/min ω_x).","date_created":"2025-05-12T15:16:36Z","checksum":"7ed871f428100d6827ac9b0e8ca8e985","file_name":"Movie 3A.3.mp4","date_updated":"2025-05-12T15:43:28Z","file_size":7748659,"file_id":"19689","content_type":"video/mp4","title":"Chapter 3 - Movie 3A.3","relation":"supplementary_material"},{"access_level":"open_access","creator":"gyalniz","date_created":"2025-05-12T15:16:50Z","description":"Symmetry-reduced flow (left), its SRDMD approximation (middle), and state space projection (right) showing the spiral-out episode in P2K domain (figure 3.6 (b) and figure 3.8 (b)). Shown here are the isosurfaces of streamwise velocity (red/blue: u = 0.5 max/min u) and streamwise vorticity (green/purple: ω_x = 0.5 max/min ω_x).","checksum":"dd5a252e1da00c8f303588e22e2baeef","file_name":"Movie 3A.4.mp4","date_updated":"2025-05-12T15:43:28Z","file_size":5873052,"file_id":"19690","content_type":"video/mp4","relation":"supplementary_material","title":"Chapter 3 - Movie 3A.4"},{"file_id":"19691","content_type":"video/mp4","title":"Chapter 4 - Movie 4A.1","relation":"supplementary_material","file_size":9209327,"date_updated":"2025-05-12T15:43:28Z","file_name":"Movie 4A.1.mp4","description":"Movie demonstrating the quasi-steady Reynolds number descent from turbulence to a periodic orbit.","date_created":"2025-05-12T15:17:11Z","checksum":"5ac58b86810698db28cbfc28f351ff70","creator":"gyalniz","access_level":"open_access"},{"file_size":5893993,"date_updated":"2025-05-12T15:43:28Z","relation":"supplementary_material","title":"Chapter 5 - Movie 5A.1","file_id":"19692","content_type":"video/mp4","file_name":"Movie 5A.1.mp4","creator":"gyalniz","checksum":"ac877f1e1ef39439911bf37cb1793b8e","date_created":"2025-05-12T15:17:43Z","description":"Streamwise velocity fluctuations (from laminar) of plane-Couette flow (Re^C =335) at the y = 0 wall-normal plane in coordinates stationary with respect to the bulk velocity. Here, x is the streamwise direction (the wall at y = 1 moves to the right) and z is the spanwise direction. Time is in advectime time units. Shown is the full (L_x = L_z = 400) domain.","access_level":"open_access"},{"date_updated":"2025-05-12T15:43:28Z","file_size":3990352,"title":"Chapter 5 - Movie 5A.2","relation":"supplementary_material","content_type":"video/mp4","file_id":"19693","file_name":"Movie 5A.2.mp4","creator":"gyalniz","checksum":"fd17eabb70129ceaa414e40924d1d2fe","date_created":"2025-05-12T15:17:49Z","description":"Streamwise velocity fluctuations (from laminar) of plane-Poiseuille flow (Re^P =660) at the y = 0.5 wall-normal plane in coordinates stationary with respect to the bulk velocity. Here, x is the streamwise direction (the mean negative pressure gradient is to the right) and z is the spanwise direction. Time is in advectime time units. Shown is the full (L_x = L_z = 400) domain.","access_level":"open_access"},{"access_level":"open_access","creator":"gyalniz","checksum":"32f904497ab0bbee38f0788d96b91454","description":"Streamwise velocity fluctuations (from laminar) of plane-Poiseuille flow (Re^P=660) at the y = 0.5 wall-normal plane in coordinates stationary with respect to the average velocity of the downstream tip of the stripe. Here, x is the streamwise direction (the mean negative pressure gradient is to the right) and z is the spanwise direction. Time is in advectime time units. Shown is a zoom-in of the full (L_x = L_z) domain.","date_created":"2025-05-12T15:17:58Z","file_name":"Movie 5A.3.mp4","file_size":5171009,"date_updated":"2025-05-12T15:43:28Z","relation":"supplementary_material","title":"Chapter 5 - Movie 5A.3","content_type":"video/mp4","file_id":"19694"},{"checksum":"f313261b9bb12dfb943fead8318954c6","date_created":"2025-05-12T15:27:10Z","creator":"gyalniz","access_level":"closed","relation":"source_file","content_type":"application/x-zip-compressed","file_id":"19695","file_size":18991996,"date_updated":"2025-05-12T15:43:28Z","file_name":"Gökhan Yalnız - PhD thesis.zip"}],"related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","relation":"part_of_dissertation","id":"9558"},{"id":"12105","relation":"part_of_dissertation","status":"public"},{"status":"public","relation":"part_of_dissertation","id":"13274"},{"status":"public","relation":"part_of_dissertation","id":"14466"},{"id":"7563","status":"public","relation":"part_of_dissertation"}]},"publication_status":"published","year":"2025","date_updated":"2026-06-18T19:23:35Z","supervisor":[{"last_name":"Hof","first_name":"Björn","id":"3A374330-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Hof, Björn","orcid":"0000-0003-2057-2754"}],"file_date_updated":"2025-05-12T15:43:28Z","degree_awarded":"PhD","alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"]},{"external_id":{"isi":["001489159700001"]},"author":[{"full_name":"De Leo, Annalisa","first_name":"Annalisa","last_name":"De Leo"},{"last_name":"Brizzolara","first_name":"Stefano","id":"4bbe33b8-c59a-11ee-a1af-fa33d1ac42c4","full_name":"Brizzolara, Stefano"},{"last_name":"Cavaiola","first_name":"Mattia","full_name":"Cavaiola, Mattia"},{"last_name":"He","first_name":"Junlin","full_name":"He, Junlin"},{"full_name":"Stocchino, Alessandro","first_name":"Alessandro","last_name":"Stocchino"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"From anthropogenic litter carried by ocean currents to plant stems travelling through the atmosphere, geophysical flows are often seeded with elongated, fibre-like particles. In this study, we used a large-scale laboratory model of a tidal current – representative of a widespread class of geophysical flows – to investigate the tumbling motion of long, slender and floating fibres in the complex turbulence generated by flow interactions with a tidal inlet. Despite the non-stationary, non-homogeneous and anisotropic nature of this turbulence, we find that long fibres statistically rotate at the same frequency as eddies of similar size, a phenomenon called scale selection, which is known to occur in ideal turbulence. Furthermore, we report that the signal of the instantaneous transverse velocity difference between the fibre ends changes significantly from the signal produced by the flow in the fibre surroundings, although the two are statistically equivalent. These observations have twofold implications. On the one hand, they confirm the reliability of using the end-to-end velocity signal of rigid fibres to probe the two-point transverse statistics of the flow, even under realistic conditions: oceanographers could exploit this observation to measure transverse velocity differences through elongated floats in the field, where superdiffusion complicates collecting sufficient data to probe two-point turbulence statistics at a fixed separation effectively. On the other hand, by addressing the dynamics of inertial range particles floating in the coastal zone, these observations are crucial to improving our ability to predict the fate of meso- and macro-litter, a size class that is currently understudied."}],"department":[{"_id":"BjHo"}],"_id":"19729","project":[{"call_identifier":"H2020","_id":"fc2ed2f7-9c52-11eb-aca3-c01059dda49c","grant_number":"101034413","name":"IST-BRIDGE: International postdoctoral program"}],"ec_funded":1,"oa_version":"Published Version","article_type":"original","oa":1,"file":[{"file_size":6415303,"date_updated":"2025-05-28T08:12:07Z","file_id":"19751","content_type":"application/pdf","relation":"main_file","file_name":"2025_JourFluidMech_DeLeo.pdf","creator":"dernst","success":1,"date_created":"2025-05-28T08:12:07Z","checksum":"f1b0f6a977fdf2d6eb9e16c11d030c0c","access_level":"open_access"}],"isi":1,"user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","year":"2025","volume":1011,"publication_status":"published","date_updated":"2025-09-30T12:38:34Z","file_date_updated":"2025-05-28T08:12:07Z","publication":"Journal of Fluid Mechanics","quality_controlled":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","OA_place":"publisher","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"month":"05","article_number":"A5","intvolume":"      1011","tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"citation":{"short":"A. De Leo, S. Brizzolara, M. Cavaiola, J. He, A. Stocchino, Journal of Fluid Mechanics 1011 (2025).","apa":"De Leo, A., Brizzolara, S., Cavaiola, M., He, J., &#38; Stocchino, A. (2025). Rigid fibre transport in a periodic non-homogeneous geophysical turbulent flow. <i>Journal of Fluid Mechanics</i>. Cambridge University Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2025.362\">https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2025.362</a>","ista":"De Leo A, Brizzolara S, Cavaiola M, He J, Stocchino A. 2025. Rigid fibre transport in a periodic non-homogeneous geophysical turbulent flow. Journal of Fluid Mechanics. 1011, A5.","mla":"De Leo, Annalisa, et al. “Rigid Fibre Transport in a Periodic Non-Homogeneous Geophysical Turbulent Flow.” <i>Journal of Fluid Mechanics</i>, vol. 1011, A5, Cambridge University Press, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2025.362\">10.1017/jfm.2025.362</a>.","chicago":"De Leo, Annalisa, Stefano Brizzolara, Mattia Cavaiola, Junlin He, and Alessandro Stocchino. “Rigid Fibre Transport in a Periodic Non-Homogeneous Geophysical Turbulent Flow.” <i>Journal of Fluid Mechanics</i>. Cambridge University Press, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2025.362\">https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2025.362</a>.","ieee":"A. De Leo, S. Brizzolara, M. Cavaiola, J. He, and A. Stocchino, “Rigid fibre transport in a periodic non-homogeneous geophysical turbulent flow,” <i>Journal of Fluid Mechanics</i>, vol. 1011. Cambridge University Press, 2025.","ama":"De Leo A, Brizzolara S, Cavaiola M, He J, Stocchino A. Rigid fibre transport in a periodic non-homogeneous geophysical turbulent flow. <i>Journal of Fluid Mechanics</i>. 2025;1011. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2025.362\">10.1017/jfm.2025.362</a>"},"date_published":"2025-05-16T00:00:00Z","has_accepted_license":"1","status":"public","doi":"10.1017/jfm.2025.362","date_created":"2025-05-25T22:16:46Z","acknowledgement":"A.S. expresses thanks for support from the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong (project IDs 15216422 and C5032-22EF) and from the Research Institute for Land and Space (RILS) (project ID P0049622). S.B. is funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement (no.101034413).","day":"16","type":"journal_article","title":"Rigid fibre transport in a periodic non-homogeneous geophysical turbulent flow","OA_type":"hybrid","scopus_import":"1","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1469-7645"],"issn":["0022-1120"]},"ddc":["530"]},{"date_published":"2025-05-14T00:00:00Z","citation":{"ista":"Wang B, Ayats López R, Deguchi K, Meseguer A, Mellibovsky F. 2025. Feigenbaum universality in subcritical Taylor-Couette flow. Journal of Fluid Mechanics. 1010, A36.","apa":"Wang, B., Ayats López, R., Deguchi, K., Meseguer, A., &#38; Mellibovsky, F. (2025). Feigenbaum universality in subcritical Taylor-Couette flow. <i>Journal of Fluid Mechanics</i>. Cambridge University Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2025.278\">https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2025.278</a>","short":"B. Wang, R. Ayats López, K. Deguchi, A. Meseguer, F. Mellibovsky, Journal of Fluid Mechanics 1010 (2025).","ama":"Wang B, Ayats López R, Deguchi K, Meseguer A, Mellibovsky F. Feigenbaum universality in subcritical Taylor-Couette flow. <i>Journal of Fluid Mechanics</i>. 2025;1010. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2025.278\">10.1017/jfm.2025.278</a>","chicago":"Wang, Baoying, Roger Ayats López, K. Deguchi, A. Meseguer, and F. Mellibovsky. “Feigenbaum Universality in Subcritical Taylor-Couette Flow.” <i>Journal of Fluid Mechanics</i>. Cambridge University Press, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2025.278\">https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2025.278</a>.","ieee":"B. Wang, R. Ayats López, K. Deguchi, A. Meseguer, and F. Mellibovsky, “Feigenbaum universality in subcritical Taylor-Couette flow,” <i>Journal of Fluid Mechanics</i>, vol. 1010. Cambridge University Press, 2025.","mla":"Wang, Baoying, et al. “Feigenbaum Universality in Subcritical Taylor-Couette Flow.” <i>Journal of Fluid Mechanics</i>, vol. 1010, A36, Cambridge University Press, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2025.278\">10.1017/jfm.2025.278</a>."},"tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"intvolume":"      1010","article_number":"A36","month":"05","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"OA_place":"publisher","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","article_processing_charge":"Yes (in subscription journal)","quality_controlled":"1","publication":"Journal of Fluid Mechanics","ddc":["530"],"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1469-7645"],"issn":["0022-1120"]},"scopus_import":"1","OA_type":"hybrid","title":"Feigenbaum universality in subcritical Taylor-Couette flow","type":"journal_article","day":"14","acknowledgement":"This research is supported by the Australian Research Council Discovery Project DP230102188 and the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (Agencia Estatal de Investigación, project nos. PID 2020–114043 GB-I00 (MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033) and PID 2023–150029NB-I00 (MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/FEDER, UE). B.W.’s and R.A.’s research has been funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 101034413). R.A. has also been funded by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) 10.55776/ESP1481224.","doi":"10.1017/jfm.2025.278","date_created":"2025-05-25T22:16:48Z","status":"public","has_accepted_license":"1","oa":1,"article_type":"original","oa_version":"Published Version","ec_funded":1,"_id":"19730","project":[{"_id":"fc2ed2f7-9c52-11eb-aca3-c01059dda49c","grant_number":"101034413","call_identifier":"H2020","name":"IST-BRIDGE: International postdoctoral program"},{"name":"Pattern Formation Mechanisms in Planar Shear Flows","_id":"942a0200-16d5-11f0-9cad-f48ab22dfd1c","grant_number":"ESP 1481224"}],"department":[{"_id":"BjHo"}],"abstract":[{"text":"Feigenbaum universality is shown to occur in subcritical shear flows. Our testing ground is the counter-rotation regime of the Taylor–Couette flow, where numerical calculations are performed within a small periodic domain. The accurate computation of up to the seventh period-doubling bifurcation, assisted by a purposely defined Poincaré section, has enabled us to reproduce the two Feigenbaum universal constants with unprecedented accuracy in a fluid flow problem. We have further devised a method to predict the bifurcation diagram up to the accumulation point of the cascade based on the detailed inspection of just the first few period-doubling bifurcations. Remarkably, the method is applicable beyond the accumulation point, with predictions remaining valid, in a statistical sense, for the chaotic dynamics that follows.","lang":"eng"}],"author":[{"first_name":"Baoying","last_name":"Wang","orcid":"0000-0002-6229-0336","full_name":"Wang, Baoying","id":"df755ffe-735a-11ee-bb55-dff29d61d338"},{"last_name":"Ayats López","first_name":"Roger","id":"ab77522d-073b-11ed-8aff-e71b39258362","orcid":"0000-0001-6572-0621","full_name":"Ayats López, Roger"},{"first_name":"K.","last_name":"Deguchi","full_name":"Deguchi, K."},{"first_name":"A.","last_name":"Meseguer","full_name":"Meseguer, A."},{"full_name":"Mellibovsky, F.","last_name":"Mellibovsky","first_name":"F."}],"external_id":{"isi":["001487354900001"]},"file_date_updated":"2025-05-28T08:32:33Z","date_updated":"2025-09-30T12:39:05Z","publication_status":"published","volume":1010,"year":"2025","isi":1,"user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","file":[{"access_level":"open_access","creator":"dernst","success":1,"date_created":"2025-05-28T08:32:33Z","checksum":"77f39b762a0e59e88954afb93b23cc7a","file_name":"2025_JourFluidMech_Wang.pdf","file_size":3607069,"date_updated":"2025-05-28T08:32:33Z","file_id":"19752","content_type":"application/pdf","relation":"main_file"}]},{"scopus_import":"1","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0022-1120"],"eissn":["1469-7645"]},"ddc":["530"],"title":"Mathematically established chaos and forecast of statistics with recurrent patterns in Taylor-Couette flow","OA_type":"hybrid","type":"journal_article","day":"13","acknowledgement":"This research is supported by the Australian Research Council Discovery Project DP230102188 and the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (Agencia Estatal de Investigación, project nos PID 2020-114043 GB-I00 (MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033) and PID 2023-150029NB-I00 (MCIN/AEI/10.13039/ 501100011033/FEDER, UE). B.W. and R.A.’s research has been funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement no. 101034413). R.A. has also been funded by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) 10.55776/ESP1481224.","doi":"10.1017/jfm.2025.151","date_created":"2025-05-25T22:16:52Z","has_accepted_license":"1","status":"public","citation":{"ama":"Wang B, Ayats López R, Deguchi K, Meseguer A, Mellibovsky F. Mathematically established chaos and forecast of statistics with recurrent patterns in Taylor-Couette flow. <i>Journal of Fluid Mechanics</i>. 2025;1011. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2025.151\">10.1017/jfm.2025.151</a>","ieee":"B. Wang, R. Ayats López, K. Deguchi, A. Meseguer, and F. Mellibovsky, “Mathematically established chaos and forecast of statistics with recurrent patterns in Taylor-Couette flow,” <i>Journal of Fluid Mechanics</i>, vol. 1011. Cambridge University Press, 2025.","chicago":"Wang, Baoying, Roger Ayats López, K. Deguchi, A. Meseguer, and F. Mellibovsky. “Mathematically Established Chaos and Forecast of Statistics with Recurrent Patterns in Taylor-Couette Flow.” <i>Journal of Fluid Mechanics</i>. Cambridge University Press, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2025.151\">https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2025.151</a>.","mla":"Wang, Baoying, et al. “Mathematically Established Chaos and Forecast of Statistics with Recurrent Patterns in Taylor-Couette Flow.” <i>Journal of Fluid Mechanics</i>, vol. 1011, R2, Cambridge University Press, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2025.151\">10.1017/jfm.2025.151</a>.","apa":"Wang, B., Ayats López, R., Deguchi, K., Meseguer, A., &#38; Mellibovsky, F. (2025). Mathematically established chaos and forecast of statistics with recurrent patterns in Taylor-Couette flow. <i>Journal of Fluid Mechanics</i>. Cambridge University Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2025.151\">https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2025.151</a>","ista":"Wang B, Ayats López R, Deguchi K, Meseguer A, Mellibovsky F. 2025. Mathematically established chaos and forecast of statistics with recurrent patterns in Taylor-Couette flow. Journal of Fluid Mechanics. 1011, R2.","short":"B. Wang, R. Ayats López, K. Deguchi, A. Meseguer, F. Mellibovsky, Journal of Fluid Mechanics 1011 (2025)."},"date_published":"2025-05-13T00:00:00Z","tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"intvolume":"      1011","article_number":"R2","month":"05","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","OA_place":"publisher","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"quality_controlled":"1","article_processing_charge":"Yes (in subscription journal)","publication":"Journal of Fluid Mechanics","file_date_updated":"2025-05-28T09:00:52Z","date_updated":"2025-09-30T12:39:44Z","publication_status":"published","year":"2025","volume":1011,"user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","isi":1,"file":[{"relation":"main_file","file_id":"19754","content_type":"application/pdf","file_size":998754,"date_updated":"2025-05-28T09:00:52Z","file_name":"2025_JourFluidMech_Wang_Ayats.pdf","checksum":"899df5797844a9e811dffeebe8c05c8e","date_created":"2025-05-28T09:00:52Z","success":1,"creator":"dernst","access_level":"open_access"}],"oa":1,"article_type":"original","oa_version":"Published Version","_id":"19732","ec_funded":1,"project":[{"_id":"fc2ed2f7-9c52-11eb-aca3-c01059dda49c","grant_number":"101034413","call_identifier":"H2020","name":"IST-BRIDGE: International postdoctoral program"},{"name":"Pattern Formation Mechanisms in Planar Shear Flows","grant_number":"ESP 1481224","_id":"942a0200-16d5-11f0-9cad-f48ab22dfd1c"}],"department":[{"_id":"BjHo"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The transition to chaos in the subcritical regime of counter-rotating Taylor–Couette flow is investigated using a minimal periodic domain capable of sustaining coherent structures. Following a Feigenbaum cascade, the dynamics is found to be remarkably well approximated by a simple discrete map that admits rigorous proof of its chaotic nature. The chaotic set that arises for the map features densely distributed periodic points that are in one-to-one correspondence with unstable periodic orbits (UPOs) of the Navier–Stokes system. This supports the increasingly accepted view that UPOs may serve as the backbone of turbulence and, indeed, we demonstrate that it is possible to reconstruct every statistical property of chaotic fluid flow from UPOs."}],"external_id":{"isi":["001486096600001"]},"author":[{"full_name":"Wang, Baoying","orcid":"0000-0002-6229-0336","id":"df755ffe-735a-11ee-bb55-dff29d61d338","first_name":"Baoying","last_name":"Wang"},{"first_name":"Roger","last_name":"Ayats López","full_name":"Ayats López, Roger","orcid":"0000-0001-6572-0621","id":"ab77522d-073b-11ed-8aff-e71b39258362"},{"full_name":"Deguchi, K.","first_name":"K.","last_name":"Deguchi"},{"full_name":"Meseguer, A.","last_name":"Meseguer","first_name":"A."},{"full_name":"Mellibovsky, F.","last_name":"Mellibovsky","first_name":"F."}]},{"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publisher":"Springer Nature","OA_place":"publisher","month":"09","publication":"Nature Communications","article_processing_charge":"Yes","quality_controlled":"1","date_published":"2025-09-26T00:00:00Z","citation":{"mla":"Vasudevan, Mukund, et al. “Aging and Memory of Transitional Turbulence.” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 16, 8447, Springer Nature, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-63044-7\">10.1038/s41467-025-63044-7</a>.","ama":"Vasudevan M, Paranjape CS, Sitte MP, Yalniz G, Hof B. Aging and memory of transitional turbulence. <i>Nature Communications</i>. 2025;16. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-63044-7\">10.1038/s41467-025-63044-7</a>","chicago":"Vasudevan, Mukund, Chaitanya S Paranjape, Michael Philip Sitte, Gökhan Yalniz, and Björn Hof. “Aging and Memory of Transitional Turbulence.” <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-63044-7\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-63044-7</a>.","ieee":"M. Vasudevan, C. S. Paranjape, M. P. Sitte, G. Yalniz, and B. Hof, “Aging and memory of transitional turbulence,” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 16. Springer Nature, 2025.","short":"M. Vasudevan, C.S. Paranjape, M.P. Sitte, G. Yalniz, B. Hof, Nature Communications 16 (2025).","ista":"Vasudevan M, Paranjape CS, Sitte MP, Yalniz G, Hof B. 2025. Aging and memory of transitional turbulence. Nature Communications. 16, 8447.","apa":"Vasudevan, M., Paranjape, C. S., Sitte, M. P., Yalniz, G., &#38; Hof, B. (2025). Aging and memory of transitional turbulence. <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-63044-7\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-63044-7</a>"},"article_number":"8447","intvolume":"        16","tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"DOAJ_listed":"1","acknowledgement":"This work was supported by a grant from the Simons Foundation (662960, BH). We thank Yohann Duguet for helpful discussions, Baofang Song for the initial adaptation of openpipeflow57 to the channel geometry, and Ashley P. Willis for openpipeflow57.","day":"26","type":"journal_article","has_accepted_license":"1","status":"public","arxiv":1,"date_created":"2025-09-27T13:27:31Z","doi":"10.1038/s41467-025-63044-7","ddc":["532"],"corr_author":"1","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2041-1723"]},"scopus_import":"1","OA_type":"gold","title":"Aging and memory of transitional turbulence","PlanS_conform":"1","department":[{"_id":"BjHo"}],"author":[{"id":"3C5A959A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Vasudevan, Mukund","last_name":"Vasudevan","first_name":"Mukund"},{"id":"3D85B7C4-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Paranjape, Chaitanya S","last_name":"Paranjape","first_name":"Chaitanya S"},{"id":"0ba0f1f2-9cfe-11f0-bee6-f95318d225b0","full_name":"Sitte, Michael Philip","last_name":"Sitte","first_name":"Michael Philip"},{"id":"66E74FA2-D8BF-11E9-8249-8DE2E5697425","full_name":"Yalniz, Gökhan","orcid":"0000-0002-8490-9312","last_name":"Yalniz","first_name":"Gökhan"},{"last_name":"Hof","first_name":"Björn","id":"3A374330-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0003-2057-2754","full_name":"Hof, Björn"}],"external_id":{"isi":["001582555200041"],"arxiv":["2112.06537"]},"abstract":[{"text":"The recent classification of the onset of turbulence as a directed percolation (DP) phase transition has been applied to all major shear flows including pipe, channel, Couette and boundary layer flows. A cornerstone of the DP analogy is the memoryless (Poisson) property of turbulent sites. We here show that, for the classic case of channel flow, neither the decay nor the proliferation of turbulent stripes is memoryless. As demonstrated by a standard analysis of the respective survival curves, isolated channel stripes, in the immediate vicinity of the critical point, age. Consequently, the one to one mapping between turbulent stripes and active DP-sites is not fulfilled in this low Reynolds number regime. In addition, the interpretation of turbulence as a chaotic saddle with supertransient properties, the basis of recent theoretical progress, does not apply to individual localized stripes. The discrepancy between channel flow and the transition models established for pipe and Couette flow, illustrates that seemingly minor geometrical differences between flows can give rise to instabilities and growth mechanisms that fundamentally alter the nature of the transition to turbulence.","lang":"eng"}],"article_type":"original","oa":1,"project":[{"grant_number":"662960","_id":"238598C6-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E","name":"Revisiting the Turbulence Problem Using Statistical Mechanics"},{"_id":"B67AFEDC-15C9-11EA-A837-991A96BB2854","name":"IST Austria Open Access Fund"}],"_id":"20402","oa_version":"Published Version","APC_amount":"7068 EUR","year":"2025","volume":16,"publication_status":"published","file":[{"creator":"gyalniz","checksum":"945926ead9cde464435d456427e2869e","date_created":"2025-09-27T13:32:03Z","access_level":"open_access","date_updated":"2025-09-27T13:32:03Z","file_size":2226082,"relation":"main_file","content_type":"application/pdf","file_id":"20403","file_name":"s41467-025-63044-7.pdf"}],"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","isi":1,"file_date_updated":"2025-09-27T13:32:03Z","date_updated":"2026-05-20T07:56:59Z"},{"pmid":1,"month":"01","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publisher":"American Chemical Society","article_processing_charge":"No","quality_controlled":"1","publication":"Environmental Science and Technology","date_published":"2025-01-27T00:00:00Z","citation":{"short":"F. Parrella, S. Brizzolara, M. Holzner, D.M. Mitrano, Environmental Science and Technology 59 (2025) 2257–2265.","apa":"Parrella, F., Brizzolara, S., Holzner, M., &#38; Mitrano, D. M. (2025). Microplastics settling in turbid water: Impacts of sediments-induced flow patterns on particle deposition rates. <i>Environmental Science and Technology</i>. American Chemical Society. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c10551\">https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c10551</a>","ista":"Parrella F, Brizzolara S, Holzner M, Mitrano DM. 2025. Microplastics settling in turbid water: Impacts of sediments-induced flow patterns on particle deposition rates. Environmental Science and Technology. 59(4), 2257–2265.","mla":"Parrella, Francesco, et al. “Microplastics Settling in Turbid Water: Impacts of Sediments-Induced Flow Patterns on Particle Deposition Rates.” <i>Environmental Science and Technology</i>, vol. 59, no. 4, American Chemical Society, 2025, pp. 2257–65, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c10551\">10.1021/acs.est.4c10551</a>.","chicago":"Parrella, Francesco, Stefano Brizzolara, Markus Holzner, and Denise M. Mitrano. “Microplastics Settling in Turbid Water: Impacts of Sediments-Induced Flow Patterns on Particle Deposition Rates.” <i>Environmental Science and Technology</i>. American Chemical Society, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c10551\">https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c10551</a>.","ieee":"F. Parrella, S. Brizzolara, M. Holzner, and D. M. Mitrano, “Microplastics settling in turbid water: Impacts of sediments-induced flow patterns on particle deposition rates,” <i>Environmental Science and Technology</i>, vol. 59, no. 4. American Chemical Society, pp. 2257–2265, 2025.","ama":"Parrella F, Brizzolara S, Holzner M, Mitrano DM. Microplastics settling in turbid water: Impacts of sediments-induced flow patterns on particle deposition rates. <i>Environmental Science and Technology</i>. 2025;59(4):2257-2265. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c10551\">10.1021/acs.est.4c10551</a>"},"intvolume":"        59","type":"journal_article","day":"27","acknowledgement":"F.P. and D.M.M. were funded through the Swiss National Science Foundation (grant number PCEFP2_186856).","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c10551","date_created":"2025-02-09T23:01:50Z","status":"public","scopus_import":"1","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0013-936X"],"eissn":["1520-5851"]},"OA_type":"closed access","issue":"4","title":"Microplastics settling in turbid water: Impacts of sediments-induced flow patterns on particle deposition rates","department":[{"_id":"BjHo"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"When microplastics (MPs) enter water bodies, they undergo various transport processes, including sedimentation, which can be influenced by factors such as particle size, density, and interactions with other particles. Surface waters contain suspended natural particles (e.g., clay and silt), which may impact MP settling rates. Here, we investigated how the presence of suspended sediments (SS) influenced the deposition patterns and rates of MPs in turbid waters. We systematically analyzed the settling velocities of particles, including different MP sizes and SS concentrations, in a plexiglass column with a camera array. For each experimental variant, we collected data on thousands of individual MPs, strengthening the statistical analysis of the particles’ velocities. Simultaneous measurements of the SS flow and MPs trajectories revealed that the SS induced complex flow patterns, with MPs spending more time in downwelling flow regions, thereby accelerating MPs sedimentation. This effect was more pronounced when SS were aggregated. Additionally, we found that smaller MP fragments were more affected by the fluctuations than spheres or larger fragments. Collectively, our results provide valuable data for future MP fate models and help to understand the sedimentation processes of MPs in natural waters, which is crucial for assessing their environmental transport and impact."}],"author":[{"full_name":"Parrella, Francesco","first_name":"Francesco","last_name":"Parrella"},{"id":"4bbe33b8-c59a-11ee-a1af-fa33d1ac42c4","full_name":"Brizzolara, Stefano","last_name":"Brizzolara","first_name":"Stefano"},{"last_name":"Holzner","first_name":"Markus","full_name":"Holzner, Markus"},{"full_name":"Mitrano, Denise M.","first_name":"Denise M.","last_name":"Mitrano"}],"external_id":{"pmid":["39868426"],"isi":["001406914100001"]},"article_type":"original","page":"2257-2265","oa_version":"None","_id":"19015","publication_status":"published","volume":59,"year":"2025","isi":1,"user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","date_updated":"2025-09-30T10:27:26Z"},{"department":[{"_id":"BjHo"}],"external_id":{"isi":["001423607400001"]},"author":[{"last_name":"Neamtu-Halic","first_name":"Marius M.","full_name":"Neamtu-Halic, Marius M."},{"full_name":"Brizzolara, Stefano","id":"4bbe33b8-c59a-11ee-a1af-fa33d1ac42c4","first_name":"Stefano","last_name":"Brizzolara"},{"full_name":"Haller, George","last_name":"Haller","first_name":"George"},{"full_name":"Holzner, Markus","last_name":"Holzner","first_name":"Markus"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Lagrangian coherent structures (LCSs) are widely recognized as playing a significant role in turbulence dynamics since they can control the transport of mass, momentum or heat. However, the methods used to identify these structures are often based on ambiguous definitions and arbitrary thresholding. While LCSs theory provides precise and frame-indifferent mathematical definitions of coherent structures, some of the commonly used extraction algorithms employed in the literature are still case-specific and involve user-defined parameters. In this study, we present a new, unsupervised extraction algorithm that enables the extraction of rotational LCSs based on Lagrangian average vorticity deviation from an arbitrary 3D velocity field. The algorithm utilizes two alternative methods for the identification of the LCS core (ridge): an unsupervised clustering method and a streamline-based method. In a subsequent step, the ridge curve is parametrized through a pruning procedure of minimum spanning tree graphs. To assess the effectiveness of the algorithm, we test it on two cases: (i) direct numerical simulations of forced homogeneous and isotropic turbulence and (ii) three-dimensional Particle Tracking Velocimetry experiments of a turbulent gravity current."}],"article_type":"original","_id":"19035","oa_version":"None","volume":290,"year":"2025","publication_status":"published","related_material":{"link":[{"relation":"software","url":"https://github.com/NeamtuMarius/Unsupervised-3D-LAVD-Extraction-Algorithm"}]},"user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","isi":1,"date_updated":"2025-09-30T10:34:32Z","publisher":"Elsevier","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"month":"03","publication":"Computers & Fluids","quality_controlled":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","citation":{"mla":"Neamtu-Halic, Marius M., et al. “Unsupervised Extraction of Rotational Lagrangian Coherent Structures.” <i>Computers &#38; Fluids</i>, vol. 290, 106558, Elsevier, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compfluid.2025.106558\">10.1016/j.compfluid.2025.106558</a>.","chicago":"Neamtu-Halic, Marius M., Stefano Brizzolara, George Haller, and Markus Holzner. “Unsupervised Extraction of Rotational Lagrangian Coherent Structures.” <i>Computers &#38; Fluids</i>. Elsevier, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compfluid.2025.106558\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compfluid.2025.106558</a>.","ieee":"M. M. Neamtu-Halic, S. Brizzolara, G. Haller, and M. Holzner, “Unsupervised extraction of rotational Lagrangian coherent structures,” <i>Computers &#38; Fluids</i>, vol. 290. Elsevier, 2025.","ama":"Neamtu-Halic MM, Brizzolara S, Haller G, Holzner M. Unsupervised extraction of rotational Lagrangian coherent structures. <i>Computers &#38; Fluids</i>. 2025;290. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compfluid.2025.106558\">10.1016/j.compfluid.2025.106558</a>","short":"M.M. Neamtu-Halic, S. Brizzolara, G. Haller, M. Holzner, Computers &#38; Fluids 290 (2025).","ista":"Neamtu-Halic MM, Brizzolara S, Haller G, Holzner M. 2025. Unsupervised extraction of rotational Lagrangian coherent structures. Computers &#38; Fluids. 290, 106558.","apa":"Neamtu-Halic, M. M., Brizzolara, S., Haller, G., &#38; Holzner, M. (2025). Unsupervised extraction of rotational Lagrangian coherent structures. <i>Computers &#38; Fluids</i>. Elsevier. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compfluid.2025.106558\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compfluid.2025.106558</a>"},"date_published":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","intvolume":"       290","article_number":"106558","acknowledgement":"M.M.N.H. and M.H. acknowledge financial support from SNSF grant number 200727. M.H. and S.B. acknowledge financial support from the DFG priority program SPP 1881 Turbulent Superstructures under Grant No. HO5519/1-2.","type":"journal_article","day":"01","status":"public","doi":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2025.106558","date_created":"2025-02-17T09:18:41Z","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0045-7930"]},"scopus_import":"1","title":"Unsupervised extraction of rotational Lagrangian coherent structures","OA_type":"closed access"},{"publication_status":"published","year":"2025","volume":6,"APC_amount":"3599,50 EUR","isi":1,"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","related_material":{"link":[{"url":"https://ista.ac.at/en/news/reaching-for-the-quantum-scars/","relation":"press_release","description":"News on ISTA website"}]},"file":[{"file_size":2504713,"date_updated":"2025-11-14T09:44:10Z","relation":"main_file","file_id":"20647","content_type":"application/pdf","file_name":"tldp-kvkd.pdf","success":1,"creator":"gyalniz","checksum":"5d6d04ac518b4118405334e1ddc7a56d","date_created":"2025-11-14T09:44:10Z","access_level":"open_access"}],"file_date_updated":"2025-11-14T09:44:10Z","date_updated":"2026-05-20T07:59:04Z","department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"BjHo"},{"_id":"MaSe"}],"PlanS_conform":"1","abstract":[{"text":"Describing general quantum many-body dynamics is a challenging task due to the exponential growth of the Hilbert space with system size. The time-dependent variational principle (TDVP) provides a powerful tool to tackle this task by projecting quantum evolution onto a classical dynamical system within a variational manifold. In classical systems, periodic orbits play a crucial role in understanding the structure of the phase space and the long-term behavior of the system. However, finding periodic orbits is generally difficult, and their existence and properties in generic TDVP dynamics over matrix product states have remained largely unexplored. In this work, we develop an algorithm to systematically identify and characterize periodic orbits in TDVP dynamics. Applying our method to the periodically kicked Ising model, we uncover both stable and unstable periodic orbits. We characterize the Kolmogorov-Arnold-Moser tori in the vicinity of stable periodic orbits and track the change of the periodic orbits as we modify the Hamiltonian parameters. We observe that periodic orbits exist at any value of the coupling constant of the kicked Ising model between prethermal and fully thermalizing regimes, but their relevance to quantum dynamics and imprint on quantum eigenstates diminishes as the system leaves the prethermal regime. Our results demonstrate that periodic orbits provide valuable insights into the TDVP approximation of quantum many-body evolution and establish a closer connection between quantum and classical chaos.","lang":"eng"}],"external_id":{"arxiv":["2504.12472"],"isi":["001616473700003"]},"author":[{"last_name":"Petrova","first_name":"Elena","id":"0ac84990-897b-11ed-a09c-f5abb56a4ede","full_name":"Petrova, Elena"},{"first_name":"Marko","last_name":"Ljubotina","full_name":"Ljubotina, Marko","orcid":"0000-0003-0038-7068","id":"F75EE9BE-5C90-11EA-905D-16643DDC885E"},{"first_name":"Gökhan","last_name":"Yalniz","orcid":"0000-0002-8490-9312","full_name":"Yalniz, Gökhan","id":"66E74FA2-D8BF-11E9-8249-8DE2E5697425"},{"first_name":"Maksym","last_name":"Serbyn","orcid":"0000-0002-2399-5827","full_name":"Serbyn, Maksym","id":"47809E7E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}],"oa":1,"article_type":"original","oa_version":"Published Version","project":[{"_id":"23841C26-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E","grant_number":"850899","call_identifier":"H2020","name":"Non-Ergodic Quantum Matter: Universality, Dynamics and Control"},{"call_identifier":"FWF","_id":"3AC91DDA-15DF-11EA-824D-93A3E7B544D1","name":"FWF Open Access Fund"}],"_id":"20646","ec_funded":1,"day":"12","type":"journal_article","acknowledgement":"We acknowledge useful discussions with C. Kollath, A. Green, and D. Huse. E.P., M.L., and M.S. acknowledge support by the European Research Council under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (Grant Agreement No. 850899). This research was funded in whole or in part by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) (Grant No. 10.55776/COE1). For open access purposes, the author has applied a CC BY public copyright license to any author accepted manuscript version arising from this submission. M.L. acknowledges support by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany’s Excellence Strategy—EXC-2111—390814868. This research was supported in part by National Science Foundation (NSF) Grant No. PHY-2309135 to the Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics (KITP) and by the Erwin Schrödinger International Institute for Mathematics and Physics (ESI).","DOAJ_listed":"1","arxiv":1,"date_created":"2025-11-14T09:40:52Z","doi":"10.1103/tldp-kvkd","status":"public","has_accepted_license":"1","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2691-3399"]},"scopus_import":"1","corr_author":"1","ddc":["539"],"issue":"4","title":"Finding periodic orbits in projected quantum many-body dynamics","OA_type":"gold","month":"11","publisher":"American Physical Society","OA_place":"publisher","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"quality_controlled":"1","article_processing_charge":"Yes","publication":"PRX Quantum","citation":{"short":"E. Petrova, M. Ljubotina, G. Yalniz, M. Serbyn, PRX Quantum 6 (2025).","apa":"Petrova, E., Ljubotina, M., Yalniz, G., &#38; Serbyn, M. (2025). Finding periodic orbits in projected quantum many-body dynamics. <i>PRX Quantum</i>. American Physical Society. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/tldp-kvkd\">https://doi.org/10.1103/tldp-kvkd</a>","ista":"Petrova E, Ljubotina M, Yalniz G, Serbyn M. 2025. Finding periodic orbits in projected quantum many-body dynamics. PRX Quantum. 6(4), 040333.","mla":"Petrova, Elena, et al. “Finding Periodic Orbits in Projected Quantum Many-Body Dynamics.” <i>PRX Quantum</i>, vol. 6, no. 4, 040333, American Physical Society, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/tldp-kvkd\">10.1103/tldp-kvkd</a>.","chicago":"Petrova, Elena, Marko Ljubotina, Gökhan Yalniz, and Maksym Serbyn. “Finding Periodic Orbits in Projected Quantum Many-Body Dynamics.” <i>PRX Quantum</i>. American Physical Society, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/tldp-kvkd\">https://doi.org/10.1103/tldp-kvkd</a>.","ieee":"E. Petrova, M. Ljubotina, G. Yalniz, and M. Serbyn, “Finding periodic orbits in projected quantum many-body dynamics,” <i>PRX Quantum</i>, vol. 6, no. 4. American Physical Society, 2025.","ama":"Petrova E, Ljubotina M, Yalniz G, Serbyn M. Finding periodic orbits in projected quantum many-body dynamics. <i>PRX Quantum</i>. 2025;6(4). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/tldp-kvkd\">10.1103/tldp-kvkd</a>"},"date_published":"2025-11-12T00:00:00Z","tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"intvolume":"         6","article_number":"040333"},{"intvolume":"        37","article_number":"122012","citation":{"mla":"Khatoon, Bushra, et al. “Enhanced Mass Transfer in Microgeometry Using Pulsating Velocity Inputs: Hydrodynamic Analysis and Numerical Simulation.” <i>Physics of Fluids</i>, vol. 37, no. 12, 122012, AIP Publishing, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0303132\">10.1063/5.0303132</a>.","chicago":"Khatoon, Bushra, Vikas K. Chaudhary, Shoaib Kamil, Shabih Ul Hasan, and M. Siraj Alam. “Enhanced Mass Transfer in Microgeometry Using Pulsating Velocity Inputs: Hydrodynamic Analysis and Numerical Simulation.” <i>Physics of Fluids</i>. AIP Publishing, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0303132\">https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0303132</a>.","ieee":"B. Khatoon, V. K. Chaudhary, S. Kamil, S. U. Hasan, and M. S. Alam, “Enhanced mass transfer in microgeometry using pulsating velocity inputs: Hydrodynamic analysis and numerical simulation,” <i>Physics of Fluids</i>, vol. 37, no. 12. AIP Publishing, 2025.","ama":"Khatoon B, Chaudhary VK, Kamil S, Hasan SU, Alam MS. Enhanced mass transfer in microgeometry using pulsating velocity inputs: Hydrodynamic analysis and numerical simulation. <i>Physics of Fluids</i>. 2025;37(12). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0303132\">10.1063/5.0303132</a>","short":"B. Khatoon, V.K. Chaudhary, S. Kamil, S.U. Hasan, M.S. Alam, Physics of Fluids 37 (2025).","apa":"Khatoon, B., Chaudhary, V. K., Kamil, S., Hasan, S. U., &#38; Alam, M. S. (2025). Enhanced mass transfer in microgeometry using pulsating velocity inputs: Hydrodynamic analysis and numerical simulation. <i>Physics of Fluids</i>. AIP Publishing. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0303132\">https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0303132</a>","ista":"Khatoon B, Chaudhary VK, Kamil S, Hasan SU, Alam MS. 2025. Enhanced mass transfer in microgeometry using pulsating velocity inputs: Hydrodynamic analysis and numerical simulation. Physics of Fluids. 37(12), 122012."},"date_published":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","quality_controlled":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","publication":"Physics of Fluids","month":"12","publisher":"AIP Publishing","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"issue":"12","title":"Enhanced mass transfer in microgeometry using pulsating velocity inputs: Hydrodynamic analysis and numerical simulation","OA_type":"closed access","scopus_import":"1","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1070-6631"],"eissn":["1089-7666"]},"date_created":"2026-01-04T23:01:34Z","doi":"10.1063/5.0303132","status":"public","type":"journal_article","day":"01","acknowledgement":"The authors are thankful for the financial support provided by the Ministry of Education, India, and MNNIT Allahabad, as well as for the necessary equipment, computing facilities, and overall support to carry out this study.","oa_version":"None","_id":"20928","article_type":"original","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The current work focuses on the performance of hydrodynamics and mass transfer in a microchannel. A hydrodynamic model is developed for a gas–liquid (CO2–water) system and slug flow pattern. For the first time in literature, a concept of pulsating velocity input is introduced in an enhanced cross-T-junction microchannel to study the mass transfer using the physical absorption mechanism in ANSYS FLUENT R2 2024. The mass transfer model is associated with the hydrodynamic model and some user-defined functions in FLUENT. This work demonstrates that incorporating obstructions and applying trapezoidal and sinusoidal wave inputs improve the CO2 absorption rate. The obtained data are further compared with the plain T-junction microchannel in terms of mass transfer coefficient. Solubility of CO2 in three different solvents (ethyl alcohol, water, and ethylene glycol) has been revealed in an enhanced cross T-junction microchannel at two different temperatures, i.e., 298.15 and 303.15 K. The numerical simulations illustrate that an increase in temperature has an adverse effect on the mass transfer rate."}],"author":[{"full_name":"Khatoon, Bushra","last_name":"Khatoon","first_name":"Bushra"},{"full_name":"Chaudhary, Vikas K.","first_name":"Vikas K.","last_name":"Chaudhary"},{"first_name":"Shoaib","last_name":"Kamil","full_name":"Kamil, Shoaib","id":"185a19af-dc7d-11ea-9b2f-8eb2201959e9"},{"full_name":"Hasan, Shabih Ul","last_name":"Hasan","first_name":"Shabih Ul"},{"full_name":"Alam, M. Siraj","last_name":"Alam","first_name":"M. Siraj"}],"department":[{"_id":"BjHo"}],"date_updated":"2026-01-05T10:54:15Z","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","publication_status":"published","year":"2025","volume":37},{"publication_identifier":{"issn":["2663-337X"]},"ddc":["530"],"corr_author":"1","title":"Turbulence in polymeric flows : A characterisation of elasto-inertial turbulence and the maximum drag reduction asymptote","type":"dissertation","day":"26","acknowledgement":"This work was partially funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research\r\nand innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement\r\nNo. 665385.","date_created":"2025-06-26T08:39:08Z","doi":"10.15479/AT-ISTA-19906","has_accepted_license":"1","status":"public","citation":{"short":"S.S. Suresh, Turbulence in Polymeric Flows : A Characterisation of Elasto-Inertial Turbulence and the Maximum Drag Reduction Asymptote, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025.","ista":"Suresh SS. 2025. Turbulence in polymeric flows : A characterisation of elasto-inertial turbulence and the maximum drag reduction asymptote. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","apa":"Suresh, S. S. (2025). <i>Turbulence in polymeric flows : A characterisation of elasto-inertial turbulence and the maximum drag reduction asymptote</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-19906\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-19906</a>","mla":"Suresh, Sarath S. <i>Turbulence in Polymeric Flows : A Characterisation of Elasto-Inertial Turbulence and the Maximum Drag Reduction Asymptote</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-19906\">10.15479/AT-ISTA-19906</a>.","ama":"Suresh SS. Turbulence in polymeric flows : A characterisation of elasto-inertial turbulence and the maximum drag reduction asymptote. 2025. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-19906\">10.15479/AT-ISTA-19906</a>","chicago":"Suresh, Sarath S. “Turbulence in Polymeric Flows : A Characterisation of Elasto-Inertial Turbulence and the Maximum Drag Reduction Asymptote.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-19906\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-19906</a>.","ieee":"S. S. Suresh, “Turbulence in polymeric flows : A characterisation of elasto-inertial turbulence and the maximum drag reduction asymptote,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025."},"date_published":"2025-06-26T00:00:00Z","tmp":{"short":"CC BY-NC-SA (4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by_nc_sa.png"},"month":"06","license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","OA_place":"publisher","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"article_processing_charge":"No","degree_awarded":"PhD","file_date_updated":"2025-12-27T23:30:02Z","supervisor":[{"id":"3A374330-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Hof, Björn","orcid":"0000-0003-2057-2754","last_name":"Hof","first_name":"Björn"}],"alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"date_updated":"2026-04-07T12:39:19Z","publication_status":"published","year":"2025","user_id":"ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd","related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"part_of_dissertation","status":"public","id":"10299"}]},"file":[{"relation":"main_file","content_type":"application/pdf","file_id":"19907","file_size":6504571,"date_updated":"2025-12-27T23:30:02Z","file_name":"Thesis_v9_PDFA2b.pdf","checksum":"302a07605a9e64ac247c2036d5f5b1cd","date_created":"2025-06-26T08:40:53Z","embargo":"2025-12-27","creator":"cchlebak","access_level":"open_access"},{"file_name":"Thesis Template - ISTA [istaustriathesis].zip","relation":"source_file","content_type":"application/x-zip-compressed","file_id":"19908","file_size":59092991,"date_updated":"2025-12-27T23:30:02Z","access_level":"closed","checksum":"5d69d10bdacc24c27f02924379405bd9","embargo_to":"open_access","date_created":"2025-06-26T08:41:24Z","creator":"cchlebak"}],"oa":1,"page":"82","oa_version":"Published Version","_id":"19906","project":[{"name":"International IST Doctoral Program","call_identifier":"H2020","_id":"2564DBCA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"665385"}],"ec_funded":1,"department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"BjHo"}],"acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"M-Shop"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Flows of ordinary fluids such as water or air transition from laminar to turbulent\r\nmotion as the velocity increases. This simple dependence of the flow state\r\nsolely on inertia, does not apply to more complex substances such as polymericand biofluids which commonly have elastic as well as viscous properties. Here\r\nvarious different instabilities and turbulent states can arise at low and even\r\nvanishing inertia, while high inertia turbulence counterintuitively is suppressed\r\nand its drag strongly reduced. We here show in experiments of a viscoelastic\r\nmodel fluid that the phenomena observed at low and high inertia have a\r\ncommon origin and that the same dynamical state, elasto-inertial turbulence,\r\npersists across four orders of magnitude in Reynolds number, ranging from\r\nvery low inertia, all the way to high inertia Maximum drag reduction (MDR)\r\nasymptote. We also explore the transitions from Newtonian turbulence to\r\nMDR, and specific cases of flow at high polymer concentrations, exploring the\r\nrelationship between flow at these wide range of control parameters.\r\n"}],"author":[{"last_name":"Suresh","first_name":"Sarath S","id":"3D126CC4-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Suresh, Sarath S"}]},{"date_updated":"2025-09-08T07:50:20Z","isi":1,"user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","year":"2024","volume":20,"publication_status":"published","_id":"17128","project":[{"name":"Revisiting the Turbulence Problem Using Statistical Mechanics","grant_number":"662960","_id":"238598C6-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E"}],"oa_version":"None","page":"1339-1345","article_type":"original","external_id":{"isi":["001232300600001"]},"author":[{"last_name":"Lemoult","first_name":"Grégoire M","id":"4787FE80-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Lemoult, Grégoire M"},{"last_name":"Vasudevan","first_name":"Mukund","id":"3C5A959A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Vasudevan, Mukund"},{"first_name":"Hong Yan","last_name":"Shih","full_name":"Shih, Hong Yan"},{"full_name":"Linga, Gaute","first_name":"Gaute","last_name":"Linga"},{"full_name":"Mathiesen, Joachim","last_name":"Mathiesen","first_name":"Joachim"},{"first_name":"Nigel","last_name":"Goldenfeld","full_name":"Goldenfeld, Nigel"},{"first_name":"Björn","last_name":"Hof","orcid":"0000-0003-2057-2754","full_name":"Hof, Björn","id":"3A374330-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The onset of turbulence in pipe flow has defied detailed understanding ever since the first observations of the spatially heterogeneous nature of the transition. Recent theoretical studies and experiments in simpler, shear-driven flows suggest that the onset of turbulence is a directed-percolation non-equilibrium phase transition, but whether these findings are generic and also apply to open or pressure-driven flows is unknown. In pipe flow, the extremely long time scales near the transition make direct observations of critical behaviour virtually impossible. Here we find a technical solution to that limitation and show that the universality class of the transition is directed percolation, from which a jammed phase of puffs emerges above the critical point. Our method is to experimentally characterize all pairwise interactions between localized patches of turbulence puffs and use these interactions as input for renormalization group and computer simulations of minimal models that extrapolate to long length and time scales. The strong interactions in the jamming regime enable us to explicitly measure the turbulent fraction and confirm model predictions. Our work shows that directed-percolation scaling applies beyond simple closed shear flows and underscores how statistical mechanics can lead to profound, quantitative and predictive insights on turbulent flows and their phases."}],"department":[{"_id":"BjHo"}],"title":"Directed percolation and puff jamming near the transition to pipe turbulence","scopus_import":"1","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1745-2481"],"issn":["1745-2473"]},"corr_author":"1","status":"public","doi":"10.1038/s41567-024-02513-0","date_created":"2024-06-09T22:01:03Z","acknowledgement":"We gratefully acknowledge the assistance of J. M. Lopez with DNSs at an early stage of this work. This work was partially supported by two grants from the Simons Foundation (grant nos. 662985 (N.G.) and 662960 (B.H.)) and by Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (grant nos. MOST 109-2112-M-001-017-MY3 and MOST 111-2112-M-001-027-MY3 (H.-Y.S.)). Part of this work was performed using computing resources of CRIANN (Normandy, France).","type":"journal_article","day":"01","intvolume":"        20","citation":{"mla":"Lemoult, Grégoire M., et al. “Directed Percolation and Puff Jamming near the Transition to Pipe Turbulence.” <i>Nature Physics</i>, vol. 20, Springer Nature, 2024, pp. 1339–45, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-024-02513-0\">10.1038/s41567-024-02513-0</a>.","ama":"Lemoult GM, Vasudevan M, Shih HY, et al. Directed percolation and puff jamming near the transition to pipe turbulence. <i>Nature Physics</i>. 2024;20:1339-1345. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-024-02513-0\">10.1038/s41567-024-02513-0</a>","chicago":"Lemoult, Grégoire M, Mukund Vasudevan, Hong Yan Shih, Gaute Linga, Joachim Mathiesen, Nigel Goldenfeld, and Björn Hof. “Directed Percolation and Puff Jamming near the Transition to Pipe Turbulence.” <i>Nature Physics</i>. Springer Nature, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-024-02513-0\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-024-02513-0</a>.","ieee":"G. M. Lemoult <i>et al.</i>, “Directed percolation and puff jamming near the transition to pipe turbulence,” <i>Nature Physics</i>, vol. 20. Springer Nature, pp. 1339–1345, 2024.","short":"G.M. Lemoult, M. Vasudevan, H.Y. Shih, G. Linga, J. Mathiesen, N. Goldenfeld, B. Hof, Nature Physics 20 (2024) 1339–1345.","ista":"Lemoult GM, Vasudevan M, Shih HY, Linga G, Mathiesen J, Goldenfeld N, Hof B. 2024. Directed percolation and puff jamming near the transition to pipe turbulence. Nature Physics. 20, 1339–1345.","apa":"Lemoult, G. M., Vasudevan, M., Shih, H. Y., Linga, G., Mathiesen, J., Goldenfeld, N., &#38; Hof, B. (2024). Directed percolation and puff jamming near the transition to pipe turbulence. <i>Nature Physics</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-024-02513-0\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-024-02513-0</a>"},"date_published":"2024-08-01T00:00:00Z","publication":"Nature Physics","quality_controlled":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","publisher":"Springer Nature","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"month":"08"},{"article_type":"original","oa":1,"_id":"14466","project":[{"_id":"238598C6-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E","grant_number":"662960","name":"Revisiting the Turbulence Problem Using Statistical Mechanics"}],"oa_version":"Published Version","department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"BjHo"}],"external_id":{"isi":["001088363700001"],"arxiv":["2212.12406"]},"author":[{"full_name":"Marensi, Elena","orcid":"0000-0001-7173-4923","id":"0BE7553A-1004-11EA-B805-18983DDC885E","first_name":"Elena","last_name":"Marensi"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-8490-9312","full_name":"Yalniz, Gökhan","id":"66E74FA2-D8BF-11E9-8249-8DE2E5697425","first_name":"Gökhan","last_name":"Yalniz"},{"first_name":"Björn","last_name":"Hof","full_name":"Hof, Björn","orcid":"0000-0003-2057-2754","id":"3A374330-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}],"abstract":[{"text":"The first long-lived turbulent structures observable in planar shear flows take the form of localized stripes, inclined with respect to the mean flow direction. The dynamics of these stripes is central to transition, and recent studies proposed an analogy to directed percolation where the stripes’ proliferation is ultimately responsible for the turbulence becoming sustained. In the present study we focus on the internal stripe dynamics as well as on the eventual stripe expansion, and we compare the underlying mechanisms in pressure- and shear-driven planar flows, respectively, plane-Poiseuille and plane-Couette flow. Despite the similarities of the overall laminar–turbulence patterns, the stripe proliferation processes in the two cases are fundamentally different. Starting from the growth and sustenance of individual stripes, we find that in plane-Couette flow new streaks are created stochastically throughout the stripe whereas in plane-Poiseuille flow streak creation is deterministic and occurs locally at the downstream tip. Because of the up/downstream symmetry, Couette stripes, in contrast to Poiseuille stripes, have two weak and two strong laminar turbulent interfaces. These differences in symmetry as well as in internal growth give rise to two fundamentally different stripe splitting mechanisms. In plane-Poiseuille flow splitting is connected to the elongational growth of the original stripe, and it results from a break-off/shedding of the stripe's tail. In plane-Couette flow splitting follows from a broadening of the original stripe and a division along the stripe into two slimmer stripes.","lang":"eng"}],"file_date_updated":"2024-02-15T09:05:21Z","date_updated":"2026-04-07T11:47:05Z","keyword":["turbulence","transition to turbulence","patterns"],"volume":974,"year":"2023","publication_status":"published","related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","relation":"dissertation_contains","id":"19684"}]},"file":[{"access_level":"open_access","checksum":"17c64c1fb0d5f73252364bf98b0b9e1a","date_created":"2024-02-15T09:05:21Z","success":1,"creator":"dernst","file_name":"2023_JourFluidMechanics_Marensi.pdf","relation":"main_file","file_id":"14996","content_type":"application/pdf","file_size":2804641,"date_updated":"2024-02-15T09:05:21Z"}],"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","isi":1,"citation":{"ama":"Marensi E, Yalniz G, Hof B. Dynamics and proliferation of turbulent stripes in plane-Poiseuille and plane-Couette flows. <i>Journal of Fluid Mechanics</i>. 2023;974. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2023.780\">10.1017/jfm.2023.780</a>","ieee":"E. Marensi, G. Yalniz, and B. Hof, “Dynamics and proliferation of turbulent stripes in plane-Poiseuille and plane-Couette flows,” <i>Journal of Fluid Mechanics</i>, vol. 974. Cambridge University Press, 2023.","chicago":"Marensi, Elena, Gökhan Yalniz, and Björn Hof. “Dynamics and Proliferation of Turbulent Stripes in Plane-Poiseuille and Plane-Couette Flows.” <i>Journal of Fluid Mechanics</i>. Cambridge University Press, 2023. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2023.780\">https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2023.780</a>.","mla":"Marensi, Elena, et al. “Dynamics and Proliferation of Turbulent Stripes in Plane-Poiseuille and Plane-Couette Flows.” <i>Journal of Fluid Mechanics</i>, vol. 974, A21, Cambridge University Press, 2023, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2023.780\">10.1017/jfm.2023.780</a>.","ista":"Marensi E, Yalniz G, Hof B. 2023. Dynamics and proliferation of turbulent stripes in plane-Poiseuille and plane-Couette flows. Journal of Fluid Mechanics. 974, A21.","apa":"Marensi, E., Yalniz, G., &#38; Hof, B. (2023). Dynamics and proliferation of turbulent stripes in plane-Poiseuille and plane-Couette flows. <i>Journal of Fluid Mechanics</i>. Cambridge University Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2023.780\">https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2023.780</a>","short":"E. Marensi, G. Yalniz, B. Hof, Journal of Fluid Mechanics 974 (2023)."},"date_published":"2023-11-10T00:00:00Z","article_number":"A21","intvolume":"       974","tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"publisher":"Cambridge University Press","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"month":"11","publication":"Journal of Fluid Mechanics","quality_controlled":"1","article_processing_charge":"Yes (via OA deal)","scopus_import":"1","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1469-7645"],"issn":["0022-1120"]},"ddc":["530"],"corr_author":"1","title":"Dynamics and proliferation of turbulent stripes in plane-Poiseuille and plane-Couette flows","acknowledgement":"E.M. acknowledges funding from the ISTplus fellowship programme. G.Y. and B.H. acknowledge a grant from the Simons Foundation (662960, BH).","type":"journal_article","day":"10","has_accepted_license":"1","status":"public","doi":"10.1017/jfm.2023.780","date_created":"2023-10-30T09:32:28Z","arxiv":1},{"month":"11","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"OA_place":"publisher","publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","article_processing_charge":"No","date_published":"2023-11-30T00:00:00Z","citation":{"ista":"Hennessey-Wesen M. 2023. Adaptive mutation in E. coli modulated by luxS. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","apa":"Hennessey-Wesen, M. (2023). <i>Adaptive mutation in E. coli modulated by luxS</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:14641\">https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:14641</a>","short":"M. Hennessey-Wesen, Adaptive Mutation in E. Coli Modulated by LuxS, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2023.","ieee":"M. Hennessey-Wesen, “Adaptive mutation in E. coli modulated by luxS,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2023.","chicago":"Hennessey-Wesen, Mike. “Adaptive Mutation in E. Coli Modulated by LuxS.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2023. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:14641\">https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:14641</a>.","ama":"Hennessey-Wesen M. Adaptive mutation in E. coli modulated by luxS. 2023. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:14641\">10.15479/at:ista:14641</a>","mla":"Hennessey-Wesen, Mike. <i>Adaptive Mutation in E. Coli Modulated by LuxS</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2023, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:14641\">10.15479/at:ista:14641</a>."},"day":"30","type":"dissertation","date_created":"2023-12-04T13:17:37Z","doi":"10.15479/at:ista:14641","has_accepted_license":"1","status":"public","corr_author":"1","ddc":["570"],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["2663-337X"]},"title":"Adaptive mutation in E. coli modulated by luxS","department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"BjHo"}],"abstract":[{"text":"Mutation rates represent the net result of complex interactions among various\r\ncellular processes and can dramatically influence the evolutionary fate of\r\nmicrobial populations. However, many popular techniques used to study\r\nmutations are subject to the confounding effects of heredity and the subtleties\r\nof adaptation to selection, all of which make it difficult to observe any dynamic\r\nresponses of mutation rates to fitness challenges. Furthermore, in spite of the\r\nubiquity of quorum sensing systems across the bacterial domain and relevance\r\nfor many physiological behaviors, the effects of such mechanisms on mutation\r\nrate and adaptation remain poorly understood. In the following work, I\r\npresent the development of a microfluidic droplet-based method to measure\r\nsingle base-pair mutation rates in growing populations of the bacterium\r\nEscherichia coli. I use this method to observe a stress-induced increase in\r\nmutation rate that is mediated by luxS, a highly conserved bacterial quorum\r\nsensing component. I also show that the aforementioned increase in mutation\r\nrate, and its associated control by luxS, corresponds to a higher degree of\r\nadaptability under competitive environments.","lang":"eng"}],"acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"LifeSc"},{"_id":"Bio"},{"_id":"CampIT"}],"author":[{"full_name":"Hennessey-Wesen, Mike","id":"3F338C72-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Mike","last_name":"Hennessey-Wesen"}],"page":"104","oa_version":"Published Version","project":[{"name":"International IST Doctoral Program","_id":"2564DBCA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"665385","call_identifier":"H2020"}],"_id":"14641","ec_funded":1,"publication_status":"published","year":"2023","user_id":"ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd","file":[{"creator":"mhenness","checksum":"4127c285b34f4bf7fb31ef24f9d14c25","date_created":"2023-12-06T13:13:26Z","embargo_to":"open_access","access_level":"closed","date_updated":"2024-11-30T23:30:05Z","file_size":46405919,"relation":"source_file","content_type":"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text","file_id":"14648","file_name":"mike_thesis_v06-12-2023.odt"},{"access_level":"closed","creator":"mhenness","checksum":"f5203a61eddaf35235bbc51904d73982","embargo_to":"open_access","date_created":"2023-12-06T13:14:15Z","embargo":"2026-07-18","file_name":"mike_thesis_v06-12-2023.pdf","file_size":21282155,"date_updated":"2025-07-17T11:20:25Z","relation":"main_file","file_id":"14649","content_type":"application/pdf"},{"file_id":"19720","content_type":"application/pdf","title":"Print version","relation":"other","file_size":45847968,"date_updated":"2025-05-20T22:31:34Z","file_name":"2023_Hennessey_Michael_Thesis_print.pdf","embargo_to":"open_access","date_created":"2025-05-20T12:59:12Z","description":"for printing purposes only","checksum":"902102d26d30e74dbd6cdd70a65820c3","creator":"cchlebak","access_level":"closed"}],"supervisor":[{"last_name":"Hof","first_name":"Björn","id":"3A374330-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Hof, Björn","orcid":"0000-0003-2057-2754"}],"file_date_updated":"2025-07-17T11:20:25Z","degree_awarded":"PhD","alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"keyword":["microfluidics","miceobiology","mutations","quorum sensing"],"date_updated":"2026-04-07T13:29:59Z"},{"tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"intvolume":"       381","article_number":"0112","date_published":"2023-05-01T00:00:00Z","citation":{"apa":"Wang, B., Mellibovsky, F., Ayats López, R., Deguchi, K., &#38; Meseguer, A. (2023). Mean structure of the supercritical turbulent spiral in Taylor–Couette flow. <i>Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A</i>. The Royal Society. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2022.0112\">https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2022.0112</a>","ista":"Wang B, Mellibovsky F, Ayats López R, Deguchi K, Meseguer A. 2023. Mean structure of the supercritical turbulent spiral in Taylor–Couette flow. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A. 381(2246), 0112.","short":"B. Wang, F. Mellibovsky, R. Ayats López, K. Deguchi, A. Meseguer, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A 381 (2023).","ama":"Wang B, Mellibovsky F, Ayats López R, Deguchi K, Meseguer A. Mean structure of the supercritical turbulent spiral in Taylor–Couette flow. <i>Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A</i>. 2023;381(2246). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2022.0112\">10.1098/rsta.2022.0112</a>","ieee":"B. Wang, F. Mellibovsky, R. Ayats López, K. Deguchi, and A. Meseguer, “Mean structure of the supercritical turbulent spiral in Taylor–Couette flow,” <i>Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A</i>, vol. 381, no. 2246. The Royal Society, 2023.","chicago":"Wang, B., F. Mellibovsky, Roger Ayats López, K. Deguchi, and A. Meseguer. “Mean Structure of the Supercritical Turbulent Spiral in Taylor–Couette Flow.” <i>Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A</i>. The Royal Society, 2023. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2022.0112\">https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2022.0112</a>.","mla":"Wang, B., et al. “Mean Structure of the Supercritical Turbulent Spiral in Taylor–Couette Flow.” <i>Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A</i>, vol. 381, no. 2246, 0112, The Royal Society, 2023, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2022.0112\">10.1098/rsta.2022.0112</a>."},"article_processing_charge":"No","quality_controlled":"1","publication":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A","month":"05","pmid":1,"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publisher":"The Royal Society","issue":"2246","title":"Mean structure of the supercritical turbulent spiral in Taylor–Couette flow","ddc":["530"],"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1471-2962"],"issn":["1364-503X"]},"scopus_import":"1","doi":"10.1098/rsta.2022.0112","date_created":"2024-01-08T13:11:45Z","has_accepted_license":"1","status":"public","type":"journal_article","day":"01","acknowledgement":"K.D.’s research was supported by Australian Research Council Discovery Early Career Researcher Award (DE170100171). B.W., R.A., F.M. and A.M. research was supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (grant nos. FIS2016-77849-R and FIS2017-85794-P) and Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (grant no. PID2020-114043GB-I00) and the Generalitat de Catalunya (grant no. 2017-SGR-785). B.W.’s research was also supported by the Chinese Scholarship Council (grant CSC no. 201806440152). F.M. is a Serra-Húnter Fellow.","oa_version":"Submitted Version","_id":"14754","oa":1,"article_type":"original","abstract":[{"text":"The large-scale laminar/turbulent spiral patterns that appear in the linearly unstable regime of counter-rotating Taylor–Couette flow are investigated from a statistical perspective by means of direct numerical simulation. Unlike the vast majority of previous numerical studies, we analyse the flow in periodic parallelogram-annular domains, following a coordinate change that aligns one of the parallelogram sides with the spiral pattern. The domain size, shape and spatial resolution have been varied and the results compared with those in a sufficiently large computational orthogonal domain with natural axial and azimuthal periodicity. We find that a minimal parallelogram of the right tilt significantly reduces the computational cost without notably compromising the statistical properties of the supercritical turbulent spiral. Its mean structure, obtained from extremely long time integrations in a co-rotating reference frame using the method of slices, bears remarkable similarity with the turbulent stripes observed in plane Couette flow, the centrifugal instability playing only a secondary role.","lang":"eng"}],"author":[{"full_name":"Wang, B.","last_name":"Wang","first_name":"B."},{"last_name":"Mellibovsky","first_name":"F.","full_name":"Mellibovsky, F."},{"orcid":"0000-0001-6572-0621","full_name":"Ayats López, Roger","id":"ab77522d-073b-11ed-8aff-e71b39258362","first_name":"Roger","last_name":"Ayats López"},{"full_name":"Deguchi, K.","last_name":"Deguchi","first_name":"K."},{"last_name":"Meseguer","first_name":"A.","full_name":"Meseguer, A."}],"external_id":{"pmid":["36907214"],"isi":["000947761800008"]},"department":[{"_id":"BjHo"}],"keyword":["General Physics and Astronomy","General Engineering","General Mathematics"],"date_updated":"2025-09-09T14:14:17Z","file_date_updated":"2024-01-09T09:13:53Z","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","isi":1,"file":[{"file_name":"2023_PhilTransactionsA_Wang_accepted.pdf","date_updated":"2024-01-09T09:13:53Z","file_size":6421086,"relation":"main_file","file_id":"14763","content_type":"application/pdf","access_level":"open_access","success":1,"creator":"dernst","checksum":"1978d126c0ce2f47c22ac20107cc0106","date_created":"2024-01-09T09:13:53Z"}],"publication_status":"published","year":"2023","volume":381},{"publication_status":"published","year":"2023","volume":954,"isi":1,"user_id":"4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8","related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"dissertation_contains","status":"public","id":"19684"}]},"file":[{"date_created":"2023-02-02T12:34:54Z","checksum":"9224f987caefe5dd85a70814d3cce65c","creator":"dernst","success":1,"access_level":"open_access","content_type":"application/pdf","file_id":"12489","relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2023-02-02T12:34:54Z","file_size":1931647,"file_name":"2023_JourFluidMechanics_Marensi.pdf"}],"file_date_updated":"2023-02-02T12:34:54Z","date_updated":"2026-04-07T11:47:05Z","department":[{"_id":"BjHo"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Data-driven dimensionality reduction methods such as proper orthogonal decomposition and dynamic mode decomposition have proven to be useful for exploring complex phenomena within fluid dynamics and beyond. A well-known challenge for these techniques is posed by the continuous symmetries, e.g. translations and rotations, of the system under consideration, as drifts in the data dominate the modal expansions without providing an insight into the dynamics of the problem. In the present study, we address this issue for fluid flows in rectangular channels by formulating a continuous symmetry reduction method that eliminates the translations in the streamwise and spanwise directions simultaneously. We demonstrate our method by computing the symmetry-reduced dynamic mode decomposition (SRDMD) of sliding windows of data obtained from the transitional plane-Couette and turbulent plane-Poiseuille flow simulations. In the former setting, SRDMD captures the dynamics in the vicinity of the invariant solutions with translation symmetries, i.e. travelling waves and relative periodic orbits, whereas in the latter, our calculations reveal episodes of turbulent time evolution that can be approximated by a low-dimensional linear expansion."}],"external_id":{"arxiv":["2101.07516"],"isi":["000903336600001"]},"author":[{"last_name":"Marensi","first_name":"Elena","id":"0BE7553A-1004-11EA-B805-18983DDC885E","full_name":"Marensi, Elena","orcid":"0000-0001-7173-4923"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-8490-9312","full_name":"Yalniz, Gökhan","id":"66E74FA2-D8BF-11E9-8249-8DE2E5697425","first_name":"Gökhan","last_name":"Yalniz"},{"first_name":"Björn","last_name":"Hof","full_name":"Hof, Björn","orcid":"0000-0003-2057-2754","id":"3A374330-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"orcid":"0000-0003-0423-5010","full_name":"Budanur, Nazmi B","id":"3EA1010E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Nazmi B","last_name":"Budanur"}],"oa":1,"article_type":"original","oa_version":"Published Version","_id":"12105","project":[{"name":"Revisiting the Turbulence Problem Using Statistical Mechanics","_id":"238598C6-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E","grant_number":"662960"}],"type":"journal_article","day":"10","acknowledgement":"E.M. acknowledges funding from the ISTplus fellowship programme. G.Y. and B.H. acknowledge\r\na grant from the Simons Foundation (662960, BH).","arxiv":1,"date_created":"2023-01-08T23:00:53Z","doi":"10.1017/jfm.2022.1001","status":"public","has_accepted_license":"1","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0022-1120"],"eissn":["1469-7645"]},"scopus_import":"1","corr_author":"1","ddc":["530"],"title":"Symmetry-reduced dynamic mode decomposition of near-wall turbulence","month":"01","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"quality_controlled":"1","article_processing_charge":"Yes (via OA deal)","publication":"Journal of Fluid Mechanics","citation":{"apa":"Marensi, E., Yalniz, G., Hof, B., &#38; Budanur, N. B. (2023). Symmetry-reduced dynamic mode decomposition of near-wall turbulence. <i>Journal of Fluid Mechanics</i>. Cambridge University Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2022.1001\">https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2022.1001</a>","ista":"Marensi E, Yalniz G, Hof B, Budanur NB. 2023. Symmetry-reduced dynamic mode decomposition of near-wall turbulence. Journal of Fluid Mechanics. 954, A10.","short":"E. Marensi, G. Yalniz, B. Hof, N.B. Budanur, Journal of Fluid Mechanics 954 (2023).","ama":"Marensi E, Yalniz G, Hof B, Budanur NB. Symmetry-reduced dynamic mode decomposition of near-wall turbulence. <i>Journal of Fluid Mechanics</i>. 2023;954. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2022.1001\">10.1017/jfm.2022.1001</a>","ieee":"E. Marensi, G. Yalniz, B. Hof, and N. B. Budanur, “Symmetry-reduced dynamic mode decomposition of near-wall turbulence,” <i>Journal of Fluid Mechanics</i>, vol. 954. Cambridge University Press, 2023.","chicago":"Marensi, Elena, Gökhan Yalniz, Björn Hof, and Nazmi B Budanur. “Symmetry-Reduced Dynamic Mode Decomposition of near-Wall Turbulence.” <i>Journal of Fluid Mechanics</i>. Cambridge University Press, 2023. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2022.1001\">https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2022.1001</a>.","mla":"Marensi, Elena, et al. “Symmetry-Reduced Dynamic Mode Decomposition of near-Wall Turbulence.” <i>Journal of Fluid Mechanics</i>, vol. 954, A10, Cambridge University Press, 2023, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2022.1001\">10.1017/jfm.2022.1001</a>."},"date_published":"2023-01-10T00:00:00Z","tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"article_number":"A10","intvolume":"       954"},{"department":[{"_id":"BjHo"}],"external_id":{"isi":["000890148700002"]},"author":[{"first_name":"Björn","last_name":"Hof","orcid":"0000-0003-2057-2754","full_name":"Hof, Björn","id":"3A374330-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}],"abstract":[{"text":"It may come as a surprise that a phenomenon as ubiquitous and prominent as the transition from laminar to turbulent flow has resisted combined efforts by physicists, engineers and mathematicians, and remained unresolved for almost one and a half centuries. In recent years, various studies have proposed analogies to directed percolation, a well-known universality class in statistical mechanics, which describes a non-equilibrium phase transition from a fluctuating active phase into an absorbing state. It is this unlikely relation between the multiscale, high-dimensional dynamics that signify the transition process in virtually all flows of practical relevance, and the arguably most basic non-equilibrium phase transition, that so far has mainly been the subject of model studies, which I review in this Perspective.","lang":"eng"}],"article_type":"original","page":"62-72","_id":"12165","oa_version":"None","year":"2023","volume":5,"publication_status":"published","isi":1,"user_id":"4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8","date_updated":"2024-10-09T21:04:02Z","keyword":["General Physics and Astronomy"],"publisher":"Springer Nature","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"month":"01","publication":"Nature Reviews Physics","quality_controlled":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","citation":{"mla":"Hof, Björn. “Directed Percolation and the Transition to Turbulence.” <i>Nature Reviews Physics</i>, vol. 5, Springer Nature, 2023, pp. 62–72, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s42254-022-00539-y\">10.1038/s42254-022-00539-y</a>.","ama":"Hof B. Directed percolation and the transition to turbulence. <i>Nature Reviews Physics</i>. 2023;5:62-72. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s42254-022-00539-y\">10.1038/s42254-022-00539-y</a>","chicago":"Hof, Björn. “Directed Percolation and the Transition to Turbulence.” <i>Nature Reviews Physics</i>. Springer Nature, 2023. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s42254-022-00539-y\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s42254-022-00539-y</a>.","ieee":"B. Hof, “Directed percolation and the transition to turbulence,” <i>Nature Reviews Physics</i>, vol. 5. Springer Nature, pp. 62–72, 2023.","short":"B. Hof, Nature Reviews Physics 5 (2023) 62–72.","ista":"Hof B. 2023. Directed percolation and the transition to turbulence. Nature Reviews Physics. 5, 62–72.","apa":"Hof, B. (2023). Directed percolation and the transition to turbulence. <i>Nature Reviews Physics</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s42254-022-00539-y\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s42254-022-00539-y</a>"},"date_published":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","intvolume":"         5","day":"01","type":"journal_article","status":"public","date_created":"2023-01-12T12:10:18Z","doi":"10.1038/s42254-022-00539-y","scopus_import":"1","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2522-5820"]},"corr_author":"1","title":"Directed percolation and the transition to turbulence"},{"abstract":[{"text":"In industrial reactors and equipment, non-ideality is quite a common phenomenon rather than an exception. These deviations from ideality impact the process's overall efficiency and the effectiveness of the equipment. To recognize the associated non-ideality, one needs to have enough understanding of the formulation of the equations and in-depth knowledge of the residence time distribution (RTD) data of real reactors. In the current work, step input and pulse input were used to create RTD data for Cascade continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTRs). For the aforementioned configuration, experiments were run at various flow rates to validate the developed characteristic equations. To produce RTD data, distilled water was utilized as the flowing fluid, and NaOH was the tracer substance. The ideal behavior of tracer concentration exits age distribution, and cumulative fraction for each setup and each input was plotted and experimental results were compared with perfect behavior. Deviation of concentration exit age distribution and cumulative fractional distribution from ideal behavior is more in pulse input as compared to a step input. For ideal cases, the exit age distribution curve and cumulative fraction curves are independent of the type of input. But a significant difference was observed for the two cases, which may be due to non-measurable fluctuations in volumetric flow rate, non-achievement of instant injection of tracer in case of pulse input, and slight variations in the sampling period. Further, with increasing flow rate, concentration, exit age, and cumulative fractional curves shifted upward, and this behavior matches with the actual case.","lang":"eng"}],"author":[{"first_name":"Bushra","last_name":"Khatoon","full_name":"Khatoon, Bushra"},{"first_name":"Shoaib","last_name":"Kamil","full_name":"Kamil, Shoaib","id":"185a19af-dc7d-11ea-9b2f-8eb2201959e9"},{"first_name":"Hitesh","last_name":"Babu","full_name":"Babu, Hitesh"},{"last_name":"Siraj Alam","first_name":"M.","full_name":"Siraj Alam, M."}],"department":[{"_id":"BjHo"}],"oa_version":"None","_id":"12172","page":"40-47","article_type":"original","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","publication_status":"published","volume":78,"year":"2023","keyword":["General Medicine"],"date_updated":"2023-08-16T09:08:11Z","quality_controlled":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","publication":"Materials Today: Proceedings","month":"03","publisher":"Elsevier","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"intvolume":"        78","citation":{"short":"B. Khatoon, S. Kamil, H. Babu, M. Siraj Alam, Materials Today: Proceedings 78 (2023) 40–47.","apa":"Khatoon, B., Kamil, S., Babu, H., &#38; Siraj Alam, M. (2023). Experimental analysis of Cascade CSTRs with step and pulse inputs. <i>Materials Today: Proceedings</i>. Elsevier. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.11.037\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.11.037</a>","ista":"Khatoon B, Kamil S, Babu H, Siraj Alam M. 2023. Experimental analysis of Cascade CSTRs with step and pulse inputs. Materials Today: Proceedings. 78(Part 1), 40–47.","mla":"Khatoon, Bushra, et al. “Experimental Analysis of Cascade CSTRs with Step and Pulse Inputs.” <i>Materials Today: Proceedings</i>, vol. 78, no. Part 1, Elsevier, 2023, pp. 40–47, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.11.037\">10.1016/j.matpr.2022.11.037</a>.","ieee":"B. Khatoon, S. Kamil, H. Babu, and M. Siraj Alam, “Experimental analysis of Cascade CSTRs with step and pulse inputs,” <i>Materials Today: Proceedings</i>, vol. 78, no. Part 1. Elsevier, pp. 40–47, 2023.","chicago":"Khatoon, Bushra, Shoaib Kamil, Hitesh Babu, and M. Siraj Alam. “Experimental Analysis of Cascade CSTRs with Step and Pulse Inputs.” <i>Materials Today: Proceedings</i>. Elsevier, 2023. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.11.037\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.11.037</a>.","ama":"Khatoon B, Kamil S, Babu H, Siraj Alam M. Experimental analysis of Cascade CSTRs with step and pulse inputs. <i>Materials Today: Proceedings</i>. 2023;78(Part 1):40-47. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.11.037\">10.1016/j.matpr.2022.11.037</a>"},"date_published":"2023-03-20T00:00:00Z","doi":"10.1016/j.matpr.2022.11.037","date_created":"2023-01-12T12:11:26Z","status":"public","day":"20","type":"journal_article","title":"Experimental analysis of Cascade CSTRs with step and pulse inputs","issue":"Part 1","scopus_import":"1","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2214-7853"]}},{"oa":1,"page":"675-705","article_type":"original","oa_version":"Published Version","_id":"12681","department":[{"_id":"BjHo"}],"abstract":[{"text":"The dissolution of minute concentration of polymers in wall-bounded flows is well-known for its unparalleled ability to reduce turbulent friction drag. Another phenomenon, elasto-inertial turbulence (EIT), has been far less studied even though elastic instabilities have already been observed in dilute polymer solutions before the discovery of polymer drag reduction. EIT is a chaotic state driven by polymer dynamics that is observed across many orders of magnitude in Reynolds number. It involves energy transfer from small elastic scales to large flow scales. The investigation of the mechanisms of EIT offers the possibility to better understand other complex phenomena such as elastic turbulence and maximum drag reduction. In this review, we survey recent research efforts that are advancing the understanding of the dynamics of EIT. We highlight the fundamental differences between EIT and Newtonian/inertial turbulence from the perspective of experiments, numerical simulations, instabilities, and coherent structures. Finally, we discuss the possible links between EIT and elastic turbulence and polymer drag reduction, as well as the remaining challenges in unraveling the self-sustaining mechanism of EIT.","lang":"eng"}],"external_id":{"isi":["000915418100026"]},"author":[{"last_name":"Dubief","first_name":"Yves","full_name":"Dubief, Yves"},{"full_name":"Terrapon, Vincent E.","last_name":"Terrapon","first_name":"Vincent E."},{"last_name":"Hof","first_name":"Björn","id":"3A374330-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Hof, Björn","orcid":"0000-0003-2057-2754"}],"file_date_updated":"2023-02-27T09:23:02Z","date_updated":"2023-08-01T13:19:47Z","publication_status":"published","year":"2023","volume":55,"user_id":"4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8","isi":1,"file":[{"access_level":"open_access","success":1,"creator":"dernst","checksum":"2666aa3af2a25252d35eb8681d3edff7","date_created":"2023-02-27T09:23:02Z","file_name":"2023_AnnReviewFluidMech_Dubief.pdf","date_updated":"2023-02-27T09:23:02Z","file_size":4036706,"relation":"main_file","file_id":"12690","content_type":"application/pdf"}],"citation":{"chicago":"Dubief, Yves, Vincent E. Terrapon, and Björn Hof. “Elasto-Inertial Turbulence.” <i>Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics</i>. Annual Reviews, 2023. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-fluid-032822-025933\">https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-fluid-032822-025933</a>.","ieee":"Y. Dubief, V. E. Terrapon, and B. Hof, “Elasto-inertial turbulence,” <i>Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics</i>, vol. 55, no. 1. Annual Reviews, pp. 675–705, 2023.","ama":"Dubief Y, Terrapon VE, Hof B. Elasto-inertial turbulence. <i>Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics</i>. 2023;55(1):675-705. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-fluid-032822-025933\">10.1146/annurev-fluid-032822-025933</a>","mla":"Dubief, Yves, et al. “Elasto-Inertial Turbulence.” <i>Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics</i>, vol. 55, no. 1, Annual Reviews, 2023, pp. 675–705, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-fluid-032822-025933\">10.1146/annurev-fluid-032822-025933</a>.","apa":"Dubief, Y., Terrapon, V. E., &#38; Hof, B. (2023). Elasto-inertial turbulence. <i>Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics</i>. Annual Reviews. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-fluid-032822-025933\">https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-fluid-032822-025933</a>","ista":"Dubief Y, Terrapon VE, Hof B. 2023. Elasto-inertial turbulence. Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics. 55(1), 675–705.","short":"Y. Dubief, V.E. Terrapon, B. Hof, Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 55 (2023) 675–705."},"date_published":"2023-01-19T00:00:00Z","tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"intvolume":"        55","month":"01","publisher":"Annual Reviews","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"quality_controlled":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","publication":"Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1545-4479"],"issn":["0066-4189"]},"scopus_import":"1","ddc":["530"],"issue":"1","title":"Elasto-inertial turbulence","day":"19","type":"journal_article","acknowledgement":"Part of the material presented here is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation CBET (Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental and Transport Systems) award 1805636 (to Y.D.), the Binational Science Foundation award 2016145 (to Y.D. and Victor Steinberg), a FRIA (Fund for Research Training in Industry and Agriculture) grant of the Belgian F.R.S.-FNRS (National Fund for Scientific Research) (to V.E.T.), the Marie Curie FP7 Career Integration grant PCIG10-GA-2011-304073 (to V.E.T.), and the Fonds spéciaux pour la recherche grant C-13/19 of the University of Liege (to V.E.T.). Computational resources have been provided by the Consortium des Équipements de Calcul Intensif (CECI) funded by the Belgian F.R.S.-FNRS, the Vermont Advanced Computing Center (VACC), the Partnership for Advanced Computing in Europe (PRACE), and the Tier-1 supercomputer of the Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles funded by the Walloon Region (grant agreement 117545).","date_created":"2023-02-26T23:01:01Z","doi":"10.1146/annurev-fluid-032822-025933","has_accepted_license":"1","status":"public"}]
