[{"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Some of the classical models of tropical cyclone intensification predict tropical cyclones to intensify up to a steady intensity, which depends on surface fluxes only, without any relevant role played by convective motions in the troposphere, typically assumed to have a moist adiabatic lapse rate. Simulations performed using the non-hydrostatic, high-resolution model System for Atmosphere Modeling in idealized settings (rotating radiative-convective equilibrium on a doubly periodic domain) show early intensification consistent with these theoretical expectations, but different intensity evolution, with the cyclone undergoing an oscillation in wind speed. This oscillation can be linked to feedbacks between the cyclone intensity and air buoyancy: convective heating, radiative heating, and mixing with warm low stratospheric air warm the mid and upper troposphere of the cyclone stabilizing the air column and thus reducing its intensity. After the intensity decay phase, mid and upper tropospheric cooling, mostly through cold advection from the surroundings, cooled by radiation, rebuilds Convective Available Potential Energy, that peaks just before a new intensification phase. These idealized simulations thus highlight the potentially important interactions between a tropical cyclone, its environment and radiation."}],"ec_funded":1,"project":[{"name":"Organization of CLoUdS, and implications of Tropical cyclones and for the Energetics of the tropics, in current and waRming climate","call_identifier":"H2020","grant_number":"805041","_id":"629205d8-2b32-11ec-9570-e1356ff73576"}],"article_number":"e2024MS004613","oa":1,"publication_status":"published","article_type":"original","title":"Intensity oscillations of tropical cyclones: Surface versus mid and upper tropospheric processes","file":[{"file_id":"19683","creator":"dernst","date_updated":"2025-05-12T12:17:08Z","access_level":"open_access","file_size":942325,"relation":"main_file","success":1,"checksum":"2f7c74aceaeea4be1fff4de300791319","content_type":"application/pdf","file_name":"2025_JAMES_Polesello.pdf","date_created":"2025-05-12T12:17:08Z"}],"ddc":["550"],"doi":"10.1029/2024MS004613","intvolume":" 17","_id":"19672","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","year":"2025","DOAJ_listed":"1","date_created":"2025-05-11T22:02:41Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"file_date_updated":"2025-05-12T12:17:08Z","type":"journal_article","acknowledgement":"The authors acknowledge two anonymous reviewers and the editor who provided insightful remarks and comments that helped to significantly improve the manuscript. AP and CJM gratefully acknowledges funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (Project CLUSTER, Grant Agreement No. 805041). Part of this work is an outcome of the project MIUR—Dipartimenti di Eccellenza 2023–2027. ANM is supported by HPC-TRES Grant 2023-04.","publication":"Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems","quality_controlled":"1","OA_type":"gold","oa_version":"Published Version","scopus_import":"1","issue":"4","day":"01","month":"04","author":[{"first_name":"Andrea","id":"74c777f4-32da-11ee-b498-874db0835561","full_name":"Polesello, Andrea","last_name":"Polesello"},{"last_name":"Charinti","full_name":"Charinti, Giousef Alexandros","id":"7f7cc04c-074c-11ed-af92-eb16afd85c75","first_name":"Giousef Alexandros"},{"first_name":"Agostino Niyonkuru","full_name":"Meroni, Agostino Niyonkuru","last_name":"Meroni"},{"full_name":"Muller, Caroline J","id":"f978ccb0-3f7f-11eb-b193-b0e2bd13182b","last_name":"Muller","orcid":"0000-0001-5836-5350","first_name":"Caroline J"},{"first_name":"Claudia","full_name":"Pasquero, Claudia","last_name":"Pasquero"}],"has_accepted_license":"1","external_id":{"isi":["001472439600001"]},"article_processing_charge":"Yes","date_published":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","volume":17,"tmp":{"short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"OA_place":"publisher","citation":{"short":"A. Polesello, G.A. Charinti, A.N. Meroni, C.J. Muller, C. Pasquero, Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 17 (2025).","apa":"Polesello, A., Charinti, G. A., Meroni, A. N., Muller, C. J., & Pasquero, C. (2025). Intensity oscillations of tropical cyclones: Surface versus mid and upper tropospheric processes. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1029/2024MS004613","ista":"Polesello A, Charinti GA, Meroni AN, Muller CJ, Pasquero C. 2025. Intensity oscillations of tropical cyclones: Surface versus mid and upper tropospheric processes. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems. 17(4), e2024MS004613.","ieee":"A. Polesello, G. A. Charinti, A. N. Meroni, C. J. Muller, and C. Pasquero, “Intensity oscillations of tropical cyclones: Surface versus mid and upper tropospheric processes,” Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, vol. 17, no. 4. Wiley, 2025.","chicago":"Polesello, Andrea, Giousef Alexandros Charinti, Agostino Niyonkuru Meroni, Caroline J Muller, and Claudia Pasquero. “Intensity Oscillations of Tropical Cyclones: Surface versus Mid and Upper Tropospheric Processes.” Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems. Wiley, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1029/2024MS004613.","mla":"Polesello, Andrea, et al. “Intensity Oscillations of Tropical Cyclones: Surface versus Mid and Upper Tropospheric Processes.” Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, vol. 17, no. 4, e2024MS004613, Wiley, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024MS004613.","ama":"Polesello A, Charinti GA, Meroni AN, Muller CJ, Pasquero C. Intensity oscillations of tropical cyclones: Surface versus mid and upper tropospheric processes. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems. 2025;17(4). doi:10.1029/2024MS004613"},"publisher":"Wiley","date_updated":"2025-09-30T12:30:29Z","corr_author":"1","department":[{"_id":"CaMu"}],"isi":1,"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1942-2466"]},"status":"public"},{"day":"21","month":"11","arxiv":1,"oa_version":"Published Version","OA_type":"hybrid","scopus_import":"1","quality_controlled":"1","issue":"21","corr_author":"1","department":[{"_id":"ZhAl"},{"_id":"CaMu"},{"_id":"ScWa"}],"publisher":"American Physical Society","citation":{"ama":"Stöllner A, Lenton IC, Volosniev A, et al. Using optical tweezers to simultaneously trap, charge, and measure the charge of a microparticle in air. Physical Review Letters. 2025;135(21). doi:10.1103/5xd9-4tjj","mla":"Stöllner, Andrea, et al. “Using Optical Tweezers to Simultaneously Trap, Charge, and Measure the Charge of a Microparticle in Air.” Physical Review Letters, vol. 135, no. 21, 218202, American Physical Society, 2025, doi:10.1103/5xd9-4tjj.","chicago":"Stöllner, Andrea, Isaac C Lenton, Artem Volosniev, James Millen, Renjiro Shibuya, Hisao Ishii, Dmytro Rak, et al. “Using Optical Tweezers to Simultaneously Trap, Charge, and Measure the Charge of a Microparticle in Air.” Physical Review Letters. American Physical Society, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1103/5xd9-4tjj.","ieee":"A. Stöllner et al., “Using optical tweezers to simultaneously trap, charge, and measure the charge of a microparticle in air,” Physical Review Letters, vol. 135, no. 21. American Physical Society, 2025.","ista":"Stöllner A, Lenton IC, Volosniev A, Millen J, Shibuya R, Ishii H, Rak D, Alpichshev Z, David G, Signorell R, Muller CJ, Waitukaitis SR. 2025. Using optical tweezers to simultaneously trap, charge, and measure the charge of a microparticle in air. Physical Review Letters. 135(21), 218202.","apa":"Stöllner, A., Lenton, I. C., Volosniev, A., Millen, J., Shibuya, R., Ishii, H., … Waitukaitis, S. R. (2025). Using optical tweezers to simultaneously trap, charge, and measure the charge of a microparticle in air. Physical Review Letters. American Physical Society. https://doi.org/10.1103/5xd9-4tjj","short":"A. Stöllner, I.C. Lenton, A. Volosniev, J. Millen, R. Shibuya, H. Ishii, D. Rak, Z. Alpichshev, G. David, R. Signorell, C.J. Muller, S.R. Waitukaitis, Physical Review Letters 135 (2025)."},"date_updated":"2026-04-28T13:09:27Z","status":"public","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1079-7114"],"issn":["0031-9007"]},"has_accepted_license":"1","article_processing_charge":"Yes (via OA deal)","external_id":{"arxiv":["2507.17591"]},"author":[{"orcid":"0000-0002-0464-8440","last_name":"Stöllner","full_name":"Stöllner, Andrea","id":"4bdcf7f6-eb97-11eb-a6c2-9981bbdc3bed","first_name":"Andrea"},{"id":"a550210f-223c-11ec-8182-e2d45e817efb","full_name":"Lenton, Isaac C","last_name":"Lenton","orcid":"0000-0002-5010-6984","first_name":"Isaac C"},{"orcid":"0000-0003-0393-5525","last_name":"Volosniev","id":"37D278BC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Volosniev, Artem","first_name":"Artem"},{"first_name":"James","full_name":"Millen, James","last_name":"Millen"},{"last_name":"Shibuya","full_name":"Shibuya, Renjiro","first_name":"Renjiro"},{"first_name":"Hisao","full_name":"Ishii, Hisao","last_name":"Ishii"},{"last_name":"Rak","id":"70313b46-47c2-11ec-9e88-cd79101918fe","full_name":"Rak, Dmytro","first_name":"Dmytro"},{"id":"45E67A2A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Alpichshev, Zhanybek","orcid":"0000-0002-7183-5203","last_name":"Alpichshev","first_name":"Zhanybek"},{"first_name":"Grégory","full_name":"David, Grégory","last_name":"David"},{"first_name":"Ruth","full_name":"Signorell, Ruth","last_name":"Signorell"},{"first_name":"Caroline J","full_name":"Muller, Caroline J","id":"f978ccb0-3f7f-11eb-b193-b0e2bd13182b","last_name":"Muller","orcid":"0000-0001-5836-5350"},{"full_name":"Waitukaitis, Scott R","id":"3A1FFC16-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-2299-3176","last_name":"Waitukaitis","first_name":"Scott R"}],"OA_place":"publisher","related_material":{"link":[{"url":"https://ista.ac.at/en/news/trapping-particles-to-explain-lightning/","relation":"press_release","description":"News on ISTA website"}]},"volume":135,"date_published":"2025-11-21T00:00:00Z","tmp":{"short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"oa":1,"article_type":"original","publication_status":"published","article_number":"218202","title":"Using optical tweezers to simultaneously trap, charge, and measure the charge of a microparticle in air","file":[{"date_created":"2025-12-01T08:19:46Z","file_name":"2025_PhysReviewLetters_Stoellner.pdf","content_type":"application/pdf","checksum":"a5f76b1230cc7b039ecd0dbd6f99e775","success":1,"relation":"main_file","file_size":1761373,"access_level":"open_access","date_updated":"2025-12-01T08:19:46Z","creator":"dernst","file_id":"20717"}],"abstract":[{"text":"Optical tweezers are widely used as a highly sensitive tool to measure forces on micron-scale particles. One such application is the measurement of the electric charge of a particle, which can be done with high precision in liquids, air, or vacuum. We experimentally investigate how the trapping laser itself can electrically charge such a particle, in our case a ∼1 μm SiO2 sphere in air. We model the charging mechanism as a two-photon process which reproduces the experimental data with high fidelity.","lang":"eng"}],"project":[{"name":"Tribocharge: a multi-scale approach to an enduring problem in physics","call_identifier":"H2020","_id":"0aa60e99-070f-11eb-9043-a6de6bdc3afa","grant_number":"949120"},{"call_identifier":"H2020","_id":"629205d8-2b32-11ec-9570-e1356ff73576","grant_number":"805041","name":"Organization of CLoUdS, and implications of Tropical cyclones and for the Energetics of the tropics, in current and waRming climate"}],"ec_funded":1,"PlanS_conform":"1","file_date_updated":"2025-12-01T08:19:46Z","publication":"Physical Review Letters","type":"journal_article","acknowledgement":"We thank Todor Asenov and Abdulhamid Baghdadi for their outstanding technical support and Dr. Michael Gleichweit and Mercede Azizbaig Mohajer for the helpful discussions. This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant Agreements No. 949120 and No. 805041) and the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF, Project No. 200021-236446). This research was supported by the Scientific Service Units of the Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA) through resources provided by the Miba Machine Shop and the Scientific Computing service unit.","_id":"20705","doi":"10.1103/5xd9-4tjj","intvolume":" 135","ddc":["530","550"],"user_id":"ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd","acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"M-Shop"},{"_id":"ScienComp"}],"year":"2025","date_created":"2025-11-30T23:02:07Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}]},{"pmid":1,"author":[{"first_name":"Jiawei","last_name":"Bao","id":"bb9a7399-fefd-11ed-be3c-ae648fd1d160","full_name":"Bao, Jiawei"},{"last_name":"Bony","full_name":"Bony, Sandrine","first_name":"Sandrine"},{"last_name":"Takasuka","full_name":"Takasuka, Daisuke","first_name":"Daisuke"},{"full_name":"Muller, Caroline J","id":"f978ccb0-3f7f-11eb-b193-b0e2bd13182b","orcid":"0000-0001-5836-5350","last_name":"Muller","first_name":"Caroline J"}],"external_id":{"pmid":["41284872"]},"has_accepted_license":"1","article_processing_charge":"Yes (in subscription journal)","date_published":"2025-12-02T00:00:00Z","volume":122,"tmp":{"short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"related_material":{"link":[{"url":"https://ista.ac.at/en/news/hidden-in-plain-sight/","relation":"press_release","description":"News on ISTA website"}]},"OA_place":"publisher","publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","citation":{"ieee":"J. Bao, S. Bony, D. Takasuka, and C. J. Muller, “Tropics-wide intraseasonal oscillations,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 122, no. 48. National Academy of Sciences, 2025.","chicago":"Bao, Jiawei, Sandrine Bony, Daisuke Takasuka, and Caroline J Muller. “Tropics-Wide Intraseasonal Oscillations.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. National Academy of Sciences, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2511549122.","mla":"Bao, Jiawei, et al. “Tropics-Wide Intraseasonal Oscillations.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 122, no. 48, e2511549122, National Academy of Sciences, 2025, doi:10.1073/pnas.2511549122.","ama":"Bao J, Bony S, Takasuka D, Muller CJ. Tropics-wide intraseasonal oscillations. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2025;122(48). doi:10.1073/pnas.2511549122","short":"J. Bao, S. Bony, D. Takasuka, C.J. Muller, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 122 (2025).","apa":"Bao, J., Bony, S., Takasuka, D., & Muller, C. J. (2025). Tropics-wide intraseasonal oscillations. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2511549122","ista":"Bao J, Bony S, Takasuka D, Muller CJ. 2025. Tropics-wide intraseasonal oscillations. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 122(48), e2511549122."},"date_updated":"2026-05-20T08:11:56Z","corr_author":"1","department":[{"_id":"CaMu"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0027-8424"],"eissn":["1091-6490"]},"status":"public","quality_controlled":"1","APC_amount":"5651,35 EUR","OA_type":"hybrid","scopus_import":"1","oa_version":"Published Version","issue":"48","day":"02","month":"12","doi":"10.1073/pnas.2511549122","intvolume":" 122","ddc":["550"],"_id":"20795","year":"2025","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","date_created":"2025-12-11T10:41:13Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"PlanS_conform":"1","file_date_updated":"2025-12-15T09:17:33Z","type":"journal_article","acknowledgement":"J.B. acknowledges funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant (grant agreement No. 101034413). S.B. acknowledges funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (Project Mesoscale organization of tropical convection, grant agreement No 101098063). D.T. acknowledges funding from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) (Project JSPS Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, grant No. JP24K22893). C.M. gratefully acknowledges funding from the ERC under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (Project organisation of CLoUdS, and implications for Tropical cyclones and for the Energetics of the tropics, in current and in a waRming climate, grant agreement No. 805041). We thank Martin Singh, Steven Sherwood, Bjorn Stevens, and Lokahith Agasthya for helpful discussions. JSPS Core-to-Core Program, “International Core-to-Core Project on Global Storm Resolving Analysis” (Grant Number: JPJSCCA20220001)","publication":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The tropical climate variability is characterized by various oscillations across a range of timescales. Oscillations that imprint the tropical mean state are generally attributed to slow processes, such as the seasonal cycle or interannual variability. Here, we identify a pronounced tropics-wide intraseasonal oscillation (TWISO) in satellite observations and reanalyses. This oscillation, with a period of 30 to 60 d, is evident across multiple variables and involves interactions between convection, radiation, surface fluxes, and large-scale circulation. It is primarily manifested as convective perturbations in the tropical Indo-Pacific warm pool accompanied by oscillations in the large-scale tropical overturning circulation. Here, we examine the relationship between TWISO, the Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO), and the instability of radiative-convective equilibrium. Certain phases of TWISO coincide with specific phases of the MJO, suggesting a potential connection between the two. However, although the MJO can amplify the oscillation amplitude of TWISO, it is not essential for TWISO to occur. Finally, due to its broad manifestation across the tropics, TWISO potentially exerts widespread influence on tropical weather and climate at regional scales."}],"ec_funded":1,"project":[{"call_identifier":"H2020","grant_number":"101034413","_id":"fc2ed2f7-9c52-11eb-aca3-c01059dda49c","name":"IST-BRIDGE: International postdoctoral program"},{"call_identifier":"H2020","_id":"629205d8-2b32-11ec-9570-e1356ff73576","grant_number":"805041","name":"Organization of CLoUdS, and implications of Tropical cyclones and for the Energetics of the tropics, in current and waRming climate"}],"article_number":"e2511549122","oa":1,"article_type":"original","publication_status":"published","title":"Tropics-wide intraseasonal oscillations","file":[{"content_type":"application/pdf","checksum":"093a8685170e4a1de9176f68ee449493","file_name":"2025_PNAS_Bao.pdf","date_created":"2025-12-15T09:17:33Z","file_id":"20822","date_updated":"2025-12-15T09:17:33Z","creator":"dernst","file_size":30890293,"access_level":"open_access","relation":"main_file","success":1}]},{"status":"public","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2397-3722"]},"isi":1,"department":[{"_id":"CaMu"}],"publisher":"Springer Nature","citation":{"apa":"Abramian, S., Muller, C. J., Risi, C., Fiolleau, T., & Roca, R. (2025). How key features of early development shape deep convective systems. Npj Climate and Atmospheric Science. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-01154-1","ista":"Abramian S, Muller CJ, Risi C, Fiolleau T, Roca R. 2025. How key features of early development shape deep convective systems. npj Climate and Atmospheric Science. 8, 258.","short":"S. Abramian, C.J. Muller, C. Risi, T. Fiolleau, R. Roca, Npj Climate and Atmospheric Science 8 (2025).","ama":"Abramian S, Muller CJ, Risi C, Fiolleau T, Roca R. How key features of early development shape deep convective systems. npj Climate and Atmospheric Science. 2025;8. doi:10.1038/s41612-025-01154-1","ieee":"S. Abramian, C. J. Muller, C. Risi, T. Fiolleau, and R. Roca, “How key features of early development shape deep convective systems,” npj Climate and Atmospheric Science, vol. 8. Springer Nature, 2025.","mla":"Abramian, Sophie, et al. “How Key Features of Early Development Shape Deep Convective Systems.” Npj Climate and Atmospheric Science, vol. 8, 258, Springer Nature, 2025, doi:10.1038/s41612-025-01154-1.","chicago":"Abramian, Sophie, Caroline J Muller, Camille Risi, Thomas Fiolleau, and Rémy Roca. “How Key Features of Early Development Shape Deep Convective Systems.” Npj Climate and Atmospheric Science. Springer Nature, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-01154-1."},"date_updated":"2026-05-20T08:39:39Z","OA_place":"publisher","date_published":"2025-07-08T00:00:00Z","volume":8,"tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by_nc_nd.png","short":"CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)"},"article_processing_charge":"Yes","has_accepted_license":"1","external_id":{"isi":["001524244500001"]},"author":[{"last_name":"Abramian","full_name":"Abramian, Sophie","first_name":"Sophie"},{"first_name":"Caroline J","full_name":"Muller, Caroline J","id":"f978ccb0-3f7f-11eb-b193-b0e2bd13182b","last_name":"Muller","orcid":"0000-0001-5836-5350"},{"first_name":"Camille","last_name":"Risi","full_name":"Risi, Camille"},{"full_name":"Fiolleau, Thomas","last_name":"Fiolleau","first_name":"Thomas"},{"first_name":"Rémy","full_name":"Roca, Rémy","last_name":"Roca"}],"month":"07","day":"08","OA_type":"gold","oa_version":"Published Version","scopus_import":"1","quality_controlled":"1","APC_amount":"3774 EUR","publication":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","acknowledgement":"C.M. and S.A. gratefully acknowledge funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (Project CLUSTER, grant agreement 805041), and from the PhD fellowship of Ecole Normale Supérieure de Paris-Saclay. DYAMOND data management was provided by the German Climate Computing Center (DKRZ) and supported through the projects ESiWACE and ESiWACE2. The projects ESiWACE and ESiWACE2 have received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreements No 675191 and 823988. This work used resources of the Deutsches Klimarechenzentrum (DKRZ) granted by its Scientific Steering Committee (WLA) under project IDs bk1040 and bb1153. The authors express their gratitude to Sophie Cloché and Eileen Hertwig for their assistance in data archival at IPSL and DKRZ, respectively. We also thank Christophe Lampert and Benjamin Fildier for valuable scientific discussions, and acknowledge the thoughtful comments of two anonymous reviewers.","type":"journal_article","license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","file_date_updated":"2025-07-22T06:02:14Z","year":"2025","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_created":"2025-07-20T22:01:59Z","DOAJ_listed":"1","_id":"20026","doi":"10.1038/s41612-025-01154-1","intvolume":" 8","ddc":["550"],"file":[{"file_size":3919446,"access_level":"open_access","success":1,"relation":"main_file","file_id":"20061","date_updated":"2025-07-22T06:02:14Z","creator":"dernst","date_created":"2025-07-22T06:02:14Z","content_type":"application/pdf","checksum":"8113405b3e52024b24621ea21d89b3ab","file_name":"2025_njpClimate_Abramian.pdf"}],"title":"How key features of early development shape deep convective systems","oa":1,"article_type":"original","publication_status":"published","article_number":"258","project":[{"_id":"629205d8-2b32-11ec-9570-e1356ff73576","call_identifier":"H2020","grant_number":"805041","name":"Organization of CLoUdS, and implications of Tropical cyclones and for the Energetics of the tropics, in current and waRming climate"}],"ec_funded":1,"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Deep Convective Systems (DCSs) reaching scales of 100–1000 km play a pivotal role as the primary precipitation source in the tropics. Those systems can have large cloud shields, and thus not only affect severe precipitation patterns but also play a crucial part in modulating the tropical radiation budget. Understanding the complex factors that control how these systems grow and how they will behave in a warming climate remain fundamental challenges. Research efforts have been directed, on one hand, towards understanding the environmental control on these systems, and on the other hand, towards exploring the internal potential of systems to develop and self-aggregate in idealized simulations. However, we still lack understanding on the relative role of the environment and internal feedbacks on DCS mature size and why. The novel high-resolution global SAM simulation from the DYAMOND project, combined with the TOOCAN Lagrangian tracking of DCSs and machine learning tools, offers an unprecedented opportunity to explore this question. We find that a system’s growth rate during the first 2 h of development predicts its final size with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.65. Beyond this period, growth rate emerges as the strongest predictor. However, in the early stages, additional factors–such as ice water path heterogeneity, migration distance, interactions with neighboring systems, and deep shear–play a more significant role. Our study quantitatively assesses the relative influence of internal versus external factors on the mature cloud shield size. Our results show that system-intrinsic properties exert a stronger influence than environmental conditions, suggesting that the initial environment does not strictly constrain final system size, particularly for larger systems where internal dynamics dominate."}]},{"user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","year":"2024","DOAJ_listed":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_created":"2024-12-29T23:01:57Z","_id":"18708","doi":"10.1038/s41612-024-00858-0","intvolume":" 7","ddc":["550"],"publication":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","acknowledgement":"This study was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean government (MSIT) (NRF-2018R1A5A1024958, NRF-2021R1C1C2094185, RS-2024-00336160). Model simulation and data transfer were supported by the National Supercomputing Center with supercomputing resources including technical support (KSC-2021-CHA-0030), the National Center for Meteorological Supercomputer of the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA), and by the Korea Research Environment Open NETwork (KREONET), respectively. DK was supported by New Faculty Startup Fund from Seoul National University. We acknowledge the World Climate Research Programme, which, through its Working Group on Coupled Modelling, coordinated and promoted CMIP6. We thank the climate modeling groups for producing and making available their model output, the Earth System Grid Federation (ESGF) for archiving the data and providing access (https://esgf-node.llnl.gov/projects/cmip6/), and the multiple funding agencies who support CMIP6 and ESGF.","type":"journal_article","file_date_updated":"2025-01-02T08:49:13Z","abstract":[{"text":"This study investigates the response of Indian summer monsoon (ISM) precipitation to CO2 removal, with a specific focus on regional and subseasonal variations. Following CO2 removal, monsoon circulation weakens throughout the summer owing to the reduced large-scale meridional temperature gradient around India. Weakened monsoon circulation decreases the local-scale thermodynamic stability within India, following monsoon-onset periods. While the frequency of synoptic-scale ISM low-pressure systems (LPSs) decreases overall, the lower thermodynamic stability causes the LPSs to form and resultantly shift west and south from their typical paths, last longer and move more quickly zonally during August and September. Changes in these rain-producing processes induce distinct regional (Western Ghats, south-central-east India, and Tamil Nadu) and subseasonal precipitation responses. Also, extreme precipitation exhibits similar patterns, but is more strongly affected by changes in LPS. Our results suggest that reliable future projections of regional hydroclimate change require a more accurate understanding of multi-scale precipitation processes.","lang":"eng"}],"file":[{"file_size":1927871,"access_level":"open_access","success":1,"relation":"main_file","file_id":"18717","date_updated":"2025-01-02T08:49:13Z","creator":"dernst","date_created":"2025-01-02T08:49:13Z","content_type":"application/pdf","checksum":"6b3148315a444835113c32b399010370","file_name":"2024_npjclimate_Paik.pdf"}],"title":"Exploring causes of distinct regional and subseasonal Indian summer monsoon precipitation responses to CO2 removal","oa":1,"article_type":"original","publication_status":"published","article_number":"305","OA_place":"publisher","volume":7,"date_published":"2024-12-19T00:00:00Z","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by_nc_nd.png","short":"CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)"},"has_accepted_license":"1","external_id":{"isi":["001381218300007"]},"article_processing_charge":"Yes","author":[{"first_name":"Seungmok","full_name":"Paik, Seungmok","last_name":"Paik"},{"full_name":"Kim, Daehyun","last_name":"Kim","first_name":"Daehyun"},{"first_name":"Soon Il","full_name":"An, Soon Il","last_name":"An"},{"first_name":"Hyoeun","last_name":"Oh","full_name":"Oh, Hyoeun"},{"last_name":"Shin","full_name":"Shin, Jongsoo","first_name":"Jongsoo"},{"first_name":"Bidyut B","last_name":"Goswami","orcid":"0000-0001-8602-3083","id":"3a4ac09c-6d61-11ec-bf66-884cde66b64b","full_name":"Goswami, Bidyut B"},{"first_name":"Seung Ki","full_name":"Min, Seung Ki","last_name":"Min"},{"full_name":"Mondal, Sanjit Kumar","last_name":"Mondal","first_name":"Sanjit Kumar"}],"status":"public","isi":1,"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2397-3722"]},"department":[{"_id":"CaMu"}],"citation":{"short":"S. Paik, D. Kim, S.I. An, H. Oh, J. Shin, B.B. GOSWAMI, S.K. Min, S.K. Mondal, Npj Climate and Atmospheric Science 7 (2024).","ista":"Paik S, Kim D, An SI, Oh H, Shin J, GOSWAMI BB, Min SK, Mondal SK. 2024. Exploring causes of distinct regional and subseasonal Indian summer monsoon precipitation responses to CO2 removal. npj Climate and Atmospheric Science. 7, 305.","apa":"Paik, S., Kim, D., An, S. I., Oh, H., Shin, J., GOSWAMI, B. B., … Mondal, S. K. (2024). Exploring causes of distinct regional and subseasonal Indian summer monsoon precipitation responses to CO2 removal. Npj Climate and Atmospheric Science. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-024-00858-0","mla":"Paik, Seungmok, et al. “Exploring Causes of Distinct Regional and Subseasonal Indian Summer Monsoon Precipitation Responses to CO2 Removal.” Npj Climate and Atmospheric Science, vol. 7, 305, Springer Nature, 2024, doi:10.1038/s41612-024-00858-0.","chicago":"Paik, Seungmok, Daehyun Kim, Soon Il An, Hyoeun Oh, Jongsoo Shin, BIDYUT B GOSWAMI, Seung Ki Min, and Sanjit Kumar Mondal. “Exploring Causes of Distinct Regional and Subseasonal Indian Summer Monsoon Precipitation Responses to CO2 Removal.” Npj Climate and Atmospheric Science. Springer Nature, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-024-00858-0.","ieee":"S. Paik et al., “Exploring causes of distinct regional and subseasonal Indian summer monsoon precipitation responses to CO2 removal,” npj Climate and Atmospheric Science, vol. 7. Springer Nature, 2024.","ama":"Paik S, Kim D, An SI, et al. Exploring causes of distinct regional and subseasonal Indian summer monsoon precipitation responses to CO2 removal. npj Climate and Atmospheric Science. 2024;7. doi:10.1038/s41612-024-00858-0"},"publisher":"Springer Nature","date_updated":"2025-09-09T11:51:56Z","oa_version":"Published Version","OA_type":"gold","scopus_import":"1","quality_controlled":"1","month":"12","day":"19"},{"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Causal representation learning promises to extend causal models to hidden causal\r\nvariables from raw entangled measurements. However, most progress has focused\r\non proving identifiability results in different settings, and we are not aware of any\r\nsuccessful real-world application. At the same time, the field of dynamical systems\r\nbenefited from deep learning and scaled to countless applications but does not allow\r\nparameter identification. In this paper, we draw a clear connection between the two\r\nand their key assumptions, allowing us to apply identifiable methods developed\r\nin causal representation learning to dynamical systems. At the same time, we can\r\nleverage scalable differentiable solvers developed for differential equations to build\r\nmodels that are both identifiable and practical. Overall, we learn explicitly controllable models that isolate the trajectory-specific parameters for further downstream\r\ntasks such as out-of-distribution classification or treatment effect estimation. We\r\nexperiment with a wind simulator with partially known factors of variation. We\r\nalso apply the resulting model to real-world climate data and successfully answer\r\ndownstream causal questions in line with existing literature on climate change.\r\nCode is available at https://github.com/CausalLearningAI/crl-dynamical-systems."}],"publication_status":"published","oa":1,"title":"Marrying causal representation learning with dynamical systems for science","file":[{"content_type":"application/pdf","checksum":"fe8832367e7143876f178244385d859e","file_name":"2024_NeurIPS_Yao.pdf","date_created":"2025-02-05T07:44:58Z","file_id":"19006","creator":"dernst","date_updated":"2025-02-05T07:44:58Z","access_level":"open_access","file_size":2595855,"relation":"main_file","success":1}],"alternative_title":["Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems"],"intvolume":" 37","ddc":["000","550"],"_id":"19005","date_created":"2025-02-05T07:49:00Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","year":"2024","file_date_updated":"2025-02-05T07:44:58Z","acknowledgement":"We thank Niklas Boers for recommending the SpeedyWeather simulator and Valentino Maiorca\r\nfor guidance on Fourier transformation for SST data. We are also grateful to Shimeng Huang and Riccardo Cadei for their feedback on the treatment effect estimation experiment and to Jiale Chen and Adeel Pervez for their assistance with the solver implementation. Finally, we appreciate the anonymous reviewers for their insightful suggestions, which helped improve the manuscript. ","type":"conference","publication":"38th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems","conference":{"location":"Vancouver, Canada","end_date":"2024-12-16","start_date":"2024-12-16","name":"NeurIPS: Neural Information Processing Systems"},"quality_controlled":"1","oa_version":"Published Version","OA_type":"gold","scopus_import":"1","arxiv":1,"day":"01","month":"12","author":[{"first_name":"Dingling","id":"d3e02e50-48a8-11ee-8f62-c108061797fa","full_name":"Yao, Dingling","last_name":"Yao"},{"first_name":"Caroline J","id":"f978ccb0-3f7f-11eb-b193-b0e2bd13182b","full_name":"Muller, Caroline J","orcid":"0000-0001-5836-5350","last_name":"Muller"},{"id":"26cfd52f-2483-11ee-8040-88983bcc06d4","full_name":"Locatello, Francesco","orcid":"0000-0002-4850-0683","last_name":"Locatello","first_name":"Francesco"}],"external_id":{"arxiv":["2405.13888"]},"article_processing_charge":"No","has_accepted_license":"1","tmp":{"short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"date_published":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","volume":37,"OA_place":"publisher","related_material":{"link":[{"url":"https://github.com/CausalLearningAI/crl-dynamical-systems","relation":"software"}]},"date_updated":"2025-07-10T11:51:32Z","publisher":"Neural Information Processing Systems Foundation","citation":{"apa":"Yao, D., Muller, C. J., & Locatello, F. (2024). Marrying causal representation learning with dynamical systems for science. In 38th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (Vol. 37). Vancouver, Canada: Neural Information Processing Systems Foundation.","ista":"Yao D, Muller CJ, Locatello F. 2024. Marrying causal representation learning with dynamical systems for science. 38th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems. NeurIPS: Neural Information Processing Systems, Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, vol. 37.","short":"D. Yao, C.J. Muller, F. Locatello, in:, 38th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, Neural Information Processing Systems Foundation, 2024.","ama":"Yao D, Muller CJ, Locatello F. Marrying causal representation learning with dynamical systems for science. In: 38th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems. Vol 37. Neural Information Processing Systems Foundation; 2024.","ieee":"D. Yao, C. J. Muller, and F. Locatello, “Marrying causal representation learning with dynamical systems for science,” in 38th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, Vancouver, Canada, 2024, vol. 37.","mla":"Yao, Dingling, et al. “Marrying Causal Representation Learning with Dynamical Systems for Science.” 38th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, vol. 37, Neural Information Processing Systems Foundation, 2024.","chicago":"Yao, Dingling, Caroline J Muller, and Francesco Locatello. “Marrying Causal Representation Learning with Dynamical Systems for Science.” In 38th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, Vol. 37. Neural Information Processing Systems Foundation, 2024."},"department":[{"_id":"CaMu"},{"_id":"FrLo"}],"corr_author":"1","status":"public"},{"day":"21","oa":1,"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8369509","open_access":"1"}],"month":"02","title":"Data - The unreasonable efficiency of total rain evaporation removal in triggering convective self-aggregation","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"This repository contains the data, scripts, SAM codes and files required to reproduce the results of the manuscript \"The Unreasonable Efficiency of Total Rain Evaporation Removal in Triggering Convective Self-Aggregation\" submitted to the Geophysical Research Letters (GRL).\r\n\r\nBrief description of project: This project aims to examine the impact of rain evaporation removal or reduction in the planetary boundary layer (PBL) on convective self aggregation (CSA). Non-rotating radiative-convective equilibrium (RCE) simulations were conducted with the System for Atmospheric Modeling (SAM) cloud resolving model. Rain evaporation in the lowest 1 km was progressively reduced and the effect on CSA was investigated. The physical processes underlying this type of aggregation (referred to in the manuscript as no-evaporation CSA, or NE-CSA) were analyzed and described. \r\nThe default SAM code base (version 6.10.8) can be downloaded from here: http://rossby.msrc.sunysb.edu/~marat/SAM.html"}],"OA_type":"green","oa_version":"Published Version","citation":{"chicago":"Hwong, Yi-Ling, and Caroline J Muller. “Data - The Unreasonable Efficiency of Total Rain Evaporation Removal in Triggering Convective Self-Aggregation.” Zenodo, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.10687169.","mla":"Hwong, Yi-Ling, and Caroline J. Muller. Data - The Unreasonable Efficiency of Total Rain Evaporation Removal in Triggering Convective Self-Aggregation. Zenodo, 2024, doi:10.5281/ZENODO.10687169.","ieee":"Y.-L. Hwong and C. J. Muller, “Data - The unreasonable efficiency of total rain evaporation removal in triggering convective self-aggregation.” Zenodo, 2024.","ama":"Hwong Y-L, Muller CJ. Data - The unreasonable efficiency of total rain evaporation removal in triggering convective self-aggregation. 2024. doi:10.5281/ZENODO.10687169","short":"Y.-L. Hwong, C.J. Muller, (2024).","ista":"Hwong Y-L, Muller CJ. 2024. Data - The unreasonable efficiency of total rain evaporation removal in triggering convective self-aggregation, Zenodo, 10.5281/ZENODO.10687169.","apa":"Hwong, Y.-L., & Muller, C. J. (2024). Data - The unreasonable efficiency of total rain evaporation removal in triggering convective self-aggregation. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.10687169"},"publisher":"Zenodo","date_updated":"2025-09-04T13:16:39Z","corr_author":"1","department":[{"_id":"CaMu"}],"type":"research_data_reference","status":"public","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.10687169","author":[{"first_name":"Yi-Ling","id":"1217aa61-4dd1-11ec-9ac3-f2ba3f17ee22","full_name":"Hwong, Yi-Ling","orcid":"0000-0001-9281-3479","last_name":"Hwong"},{"first_name":"Caroline J","full_name":"Muller, Caroline J","id":"f978ccb0-3f7f-11eb-b193-b0e2bd13182b","last_name":"Muller","orcid":"0000-0001-5836-5350"}],"ddc":["550"],"_id":"19307","article_processing_charge":"No","has_accepted_license":"1","date_published":"2024-02-21T00:00:00Z","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","year":"2024","tmp":{"short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"date_created":"2025-03-07T08:39:40Z","related_material":{"record":[{"id":"15186","relation":"used_in_publication","status":"public"}]},"OA_place":"repository"},{"status":"public","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2375-2548"]},"isi":1,"department":[{"_id":"CaMu"}],"citation":{"ama":"Bao J, Stevens B, Kluft L, Muller CJ. Intensification of daily tropical precipitation extremes from more organized convection. Science Advances. 2024;10(8). doi:10.1126/sciadv.adj6801","ieee":"J. Bao, B. Stevens, L. Kluft, and C. J. Muller, “Intensification of daily tropical precipitation extremes from more organized convection,” Science Advances, vol. 10, no. 8. American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2024.","chicago":"Bao, Jiawei, Bjorn Stevens, Lukas Kluft, and Caroline J Muller. “Intensification of Daily Tropical Precipitation Extremes from More Organized Convection.” Science Advances. American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adj6801.","mla":"Bao, Jiawei, et al. “Intensification of Daily Tropical Precipitation Extremes from More Organized Convection.” Science Advances, vol. 10, no. 8, eadj6801, American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2024, doi:10.1126/sciadv.adj6801.","apa":"Bao, J., Stevens, B., Kluft, L., & Muller, C. J. (2024). Intensification of daily tropical precipitation extremes from more organized convection. Science Advances. American Association for the Advancement of Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adj6801","ista":"Bao J, Stevens B, Kluft L, Muller CJ. 2024. Intensification of daily tropical precipitation extremes from more organized convection. Science Advances. 10(8), eadj6801.","short":"J. Bao, B. Stevens, L. Kluft, C.J. Muller, Science Advances 10 (2024)."},"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","date_updated":"2025-09-04T12:11:18Z","related_material":{"link":[{"description":"News on ISTA Website","relation":"press_release","url":"https://ista.ac.at/en/news/cloud-clustering-causes-more-extreme-rain/"}]},"OA_place":"publisher","date_published":"2024-02-23T00:00:00Z","volume":10,"tmp":{"short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"article_processing_charge":"Yes","external_id":{"pmid":["38394192"],"isi":["001300045100007"]},"has_accepted_license":"1","author":[{"last_name":"Bao","id":"bb9a7399-fefd-11ed-be3c-ae648fd1d160","full_name":"Bao, Jiawei","first_name":"Jiawei"},{"last_name":"Stevens","full_name":"Stevens, Bjorn","first_name":"Bjorn"},{"last_name":"Kluft","full_name":"Kluft, Lukas","first_name":"Lukas"},{"full_name":"Muller, Caroline J","id":"f978ccb0-3f7f-11eb-b193-b0e2bd13182b","orcid":"0000-0001-5836-5350","last_name":"Muller","first_name":"Caroline J"}],"pmid":1,"month":"02","day":"23","issue":"8","scopus_import":"1","oa_version":"Published Version","OA_type":"gold","quality_controlled":"1","publication":"Science Advances","type":"journal_article","acknowledgement":"This work is supported by the Max-Planck-Gesellschaft (MPG). We greatly appreciate computational resources from Deutsches Klimarechenzentrum (DKRZ) and the Jülich Supercomputing Centre (JSC). ICONA/O simulations are funded through the NextGEMS project by the EU’s Horizon 2020 programme (grant agreement no. 101003470). ICONA simulations are funded through the MONSOON-2.0 project (grant agreement no. 01LP1927A) which is supported from German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF). J.B. acknowledges funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant (grant agreement no. 101034413). B.S. acknowledges funding from the EU’s Horizon 2020 programme (grant agreement no. 101003470). C.M. gratefully acknowledges funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (Project CLUSTER, grant agreement no. 805041).","file_date_updated":"2024-03-04T07:34:00Z","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","year":"2024","DOAJ_listed":"1","date_created":"2024-03-03T23:00:50Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"15047","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.adj6801","ddc":["550"],"intvolume":" 10","title":"Intensification of daily tropical precipitation extremes from more organized convection","file":[{"file_id":"15051","date_updated":"2024-03-04T07:34:00Z","creator":"dernst","file_size":800926,"access_level":"open_access","success":1,"relation":"main_file","checksum":"d4ec4f05a6d14745057e14d1b8bf45ae","content_type":"application/pdf","file_name":"2024_ScienceAdv_Bao.pdf","date_created":"2024-03-04T07:34:00Z"}],"oa":1,"article_type":"original","publication_status":"published","article_number":"eadj6801","project":[{"grant_number":"101034413","_id":"fc2ed2f7-9c52-11eb-aca3-c01059dda49c","call_identifier":"H2020","name":"IST-BRIDGE: International postdoctoral program"},{"_id":"629205d8-2b32-11ec-9570-e1356ff73576","grant_number":"805041","call_identifier":"H2020","name":"Organization of CLoUdS, and implications of Tropical cyclones and for the Energetics of the tropics, in current and waRming climate"}],"ec_funded":1,"abstract":[{"text":"Tropical precipitation extremes and their changes with surface warming are investigated using global storm resolving simulations and high-resolution observations. The simulations demonstrate that the mesoscale organization of convection, a process that cannot be physically represented by conventional global climate models, is important for the variations of tropical daily accumulated precipitation extremes. In both the simulations and observations, daily precipitation extremes increase in a more organized state, in association with larger, but less frequent, storms. Repeating the simulations for a warmer climate results in a robust increase in monthly-mean daily precipitation extremes. Higher precipitation percentiles have a greater sensitivity to convective organization, which is predicted to increase with warming. Without changes in organization, the strongest daily precipitation extremes over the tropical oceans increase at a rate close to Clausius-Clapeyron (CC) scaling. Thus, in a future warmer state with increased organization, the strongest daily precipitation extremes over oceans increase at a faster rate than CC scaling.","lang":"eng"}]},{"_id":"15097","intvolume":" 17","doi":"10.5194/gmd-17-1563-2024","ddc":["550"],"user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","year":"2024","date_created":"2024-03-10T23:00:53Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"file_date_updated":"2024-03-13T08:59:21Z","publication":"Geoscientific Model Development","type":"journal_article","acknowledgement":"The authors wish to thank Ann Kristin Naumann and three anonymous reviewers for very helpful comments on an earlier version of this paper. We are grateful to René Redler and Karl-Hermann Wieners for useful recommendations regarding running the simulations. We thank Luis Kornblueh for providing an external vertical grid generator and resolving the memory requirements for the very fine vertical grids. We acknowledge Hauke Schulz for providing the radiosonde data. The simulations were run at the German Climate Computing Center (DKRZ), and we thank the DKRZ staff for their support.\r\nHauke Schmidt and Diego Jimenez-de la Cuesta received financial support from the SOCTOC project within the framework of the ROMIC program, funded by the German Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) (grant no. 01LG1903A).\r\nThe article processing charges for this open-access publication were covered by the Max Planck Society.","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Global storm-resolving models (GSRMs) use strongly refined horizontal grids compared with the climate models typically used in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP) but employ comparable vertical grid spacings. Here, we study how changes in the vertical grid spacing and adjustments to the integration time step affect the basic climate quantities simulated by the ICON-Sapphire atmospheric GSRM. Simulations are performed over a 45 d period for five different vertical grids with between 55 and 540 vertical layers and maximum tropospheric vertical grid spacings of between 800 and 50 m, respectively. The effects of changes in the vertical grid spacing are compared with the effects of reducing the horizontal grid spacing from 5 to 2.5 km. For most of the quantities considered, halving the vertical grid spacing has a smaller effect than halving the horizontal grid spacing, but it is not negligible. Each halving of the vertical grid spacing, along with the necessary reductions in time step length, increases cloud liquid water by about 7 %, compared with an approximate 16 % decrease for halving the horizontal grid spacing. The effect is due to both the vertical grid refinement and the time step reduction. There is no tendency toward convergence in the range of grid spacings tested here. The cloud ice amount also increases with a refinement in the vertical grid, but it is hardly affected by the time step length and does show a tendency to converge. While the effect on shortwave radiation is globally dominated by the altered reflection due to the change in the cloud liquid water content, the effect on longwave radiation is more difficult to interpret because changes in the cloud ice concentration and cloud fraction are anticorrelated in some regions. The simulations show that using a maximum tropospheric vertical grid spacing larger than 400 m would increase the truncation error strongly. Computing time investments in a further vertical grid refinement can affect the truncation errors of GSRMs similarly to comparable investments in horizontal refinement, because halving the vertical grid spacing is generally cheaper than halving the horizontal grid spacing. However, convergence of boundary layer cloud properties cannot be expected, even for the smallest maximum tropospheric grid spacing of 50 m used in this study."}],"oa":1,"publication_status":"published","article_type":"original","page":"1563-1584","file":[{"success":1,"relation":"main_file","file_size":13364601,"access_level":"open_access","date_updated":"2024-03-13T08:59:21Z","creator":"dernst","file_id":"15111","date_created":"2024-03-13T08:59:21Z","file_name":"2024_GeoscientificModelDev_Schmidt.pdf","checksum":"270d2340402729b0532f7072ea914cae","content_type":"application/pdf"}],"title":"Effects of vertical grid spacing on the climate simulated in the ICON-Sapphire global storm-resolving model","external_id":{"isi":["001190535000001"]},"has_accepted_license":"1","article_processing_charge":"Yes (via OA deal)","author":[{"first_name":"Hauke","last_name":"Schmidt","full_name":"Schmidt, Hauke"},{"last_name":"Rast","full_name":"Rast, Sebastian","first_name":"Sebastian"},{"id":"bb9a7399-fefd-11ed-be3c-ae648fd1d160","full_name":"Bao, Jiawei","last_name":"Bao","first_name":"Jiawei"},{"last_name":"Cassim","full_name":"Cassim, Amrit","first_name":"Amrit"},{"first_name":"Shih Wei","full_name":"Fang, Shih Wei","last_name":"Fang"},{"last_name":"Jimenez-De La Cuesta","full_name":"Jimenez-De La Cuesta, Diego","first_name":"Diego"},{"first_name":"Paul","last_name":"Keil","full_name":"Keil, Paul"},{"full_name":"Kluft, Lukas","last_name":"Kluft","first_name":"Lukas"},{"first_name":"Clarissa","full_name":"Kroll, Clarissa","last_name":"Kroll"},{"first_name":"Theresa","full_name":"Lang, Theresa","last_name":"Lang"},{"first_name":"Ulrike","full_name":"Niemeier, Ulrike","last_name":"Niemeier"},{"first_name":"Andrea","full_name":"Schneidereit, Andrea","last_name":"Schneidereit"},{"full_name":"Williams, Andrew I.L.","last_name":"Williams","first_name":"Andrew I.L."},{"full_name":"Stevens, Bjorn","last_name":"Stevens","first_name":"Bjorn"}],"date_published":"2024-02-22T00:00:00Z","volume":17,"tmp":{"short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"department":[{"_id":"CaMu"}],"citation":{"ista":"Schmidt H, Rast S, Bao J, Cassim A, Fang SW, Jimenez-De La Cuesta D, Keil P, Kluft L, Kroll C, Lang T, Niemeier U, Schneidereit A, Williams AIL, Stevens B. 2024. Effects of vertical grid spacing on the climate simulated in the ICON-Sapphire global storm-resolving model. Geoscientific Model Development. 17(4), 1563–1584.","apa":"Schmidt, H., Rast, S., Bao, J., Cassim, A., Fang, S. W., Jimenez-De La Cuesta, D., … Stevens, B. (2024). Effects of vertical grid spacing on the climate simulated in the ICON-Sapphire global storm-resolving model. Geoscientific Model Development. European Geosciences Union. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-1563-2024","short":"H. Schmidt, S. Rast, J. Bao, A. Cassim, S.W. Fang, D. Jimenez-De La Cuesta, P. Keil, L. Kluft, C. Kroll, T. Lang, U. Niemeier, A. Schneidereit, A.I.L. Williams, B. Stevens, Geoscientific Model Development 17 (2024) 1563–1584.","ama":"Schmidt H, Rast S, Bao J, et al. Effects of vertical grid spacing on the climate simulated in the ICON-Sapphire global storm-resolving model. Geoscientific Model Development. 2024;17(4):1563-1584. doi:10.5194/gmd-17-1563-2024","chicago":"Schmidt, Hauke, Sebastian Rast, Jiawei Bao, Amrit Cassim, Shih Wei Fang, Diego Jimenez-De La Cuesta, Paul Keil, et al. “Effects of Vertical Grid Spacing on the Climate Simulated in the ICON-Sapphire Global Storm-Resolving Model.” Geoscientific Model Development. European Geosciences Union, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-1563-2024.","mla":"Schmidt, Hauke, et al. “Effects of Vertical Grid Spacing on the Climate Simulated in the ICON-Sapphire Global Storm-Resolving Model.” Geoscientific Model Development, vol. 17, no. 4, European Geosciences Union, 2024, pp. 1563–84, doi:10.5194/gmd-17-1563-2024.","ieee":"H. Schmidt et al., “Effects of vertical grid spacing on the climate simulated in the ICON-Sapphire global storm-resolving model,” Geoscientific Model Development, vol. 17, no. 4. European Geosciences Union, pp. 1563–1584, 2024."},"publisher":"European Geosciences Union","date_updated":"2025-09-04T12:17:17Z","status":"public","isi":1,"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1991-9603"],"issn":["1991-959X"]},"scopus_import":"1","oa_version":"Published Version","quality_controlled":"1","issue":"4","day":"22","month":"02"},{"department":[{"_id":"CaMu"}],"corr_author":"1","date_updated":"2025-09-04T13:11:41Z","citation":{"chicago":"GOSWAMI, BIDYUT B. “A Pre-Monsoon Signal of False Alarms of Indian Monsoon Droughts.” Geophysical Research Letters. Wiley, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL106569.","mla":"GOSWAMI, BIDYUT B. “A Pre-Monsoon Signal of False Alarms of Indian Monsoon Droughts.” Geophysical Research Letters, vol. 51, no. 5, e2023GL106569, Wiley, 2024, doi:10.1029/2023GL106569.","ieee":"B. B. GOSWAMI, “A pre-monsoon signal of false alarms of Indian monsoon droughts,” Geophysical Research Letters, vol. 51, no. 5. Wiley, 2024.","ama":"GOSWAMI BB. A pre-monsoon signal of false alarms of Indian monsoon droughts. Geophysical Research Letters. 2024;51(5). doi:10.1029/2023GL106569","short":"B.B. GOSWAMI, Geophysical Research Letters 51 (2024).","ista":"GOSWAMI BB. 2024. A pre-monsoon signal of false alarms of Indian monsoon droughts. Geophysical Research Letters. 51(5), e2023GL106569.","apa":"GOSWAMI, B. B. (2024). A pre-monsoon signal of false alarms of Indian monsoon droughts. Geophysical Research Letters. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL106569"},"publisher":"Wiley","status":"public","isi":1,"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0094-8276"],"eissn":["1944-8007"]},"external_id":{"isi":["001181635700001"]},"article_processing_charge":"Yes","has_accepted_license":"1","author":[{"last_name":"Goswami","orcid":"0000-0001-8602-3083","id":"3a4ac09c-6d61-11ec-bf66-884cde66b64b","full_name":"Goswami, Bidyut B","first_name":"Bidyut B"}],"OA_place":"publisher","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by_nc_nd.png","short":"CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)"},"date_published":"2024-03-16T00:00:00Z","volume":51,"day":"16","month":"03","scopus_import":"1","OA_type":"gold","oa_version":"Published Version","APC_amount":"1470 EUR","quality_controlled":"1","issue":"5","file_date_updated":"2024-03-25T08:36:00Z","publication":"Geophysical Research Letters","acknowledgement":"The author gratefully acknowledges ISTA for supporting this research through funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Project CLUSTER, grant agreement No. 805041).","type":"journal_article","_id":"15165","doi":"10.1029/2023GL106569","ddc":["550"],"intvolume":" 51","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"DOAJ_listed":"1","date_created":"2024-03-24T23:00:58Z","year":"2024","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","article_type":"original","publication_status":"published","oa":1,"article_number":"e2023GL106569","title":"A pre-monsoon signal of false alarms of Indian monsoon droughts","file":[{"file_id":"15178","creator":"dernst","date_updated":"2024-03-25T08:36:00Z","access_level":"open_access","file_size":2887134,"relation":"main_file","success":1,"checksum":"243bd966aca968ec7d9e474af8639f8d","content_type":"application/pdf","file_name":"2024_GeophysResLetters_Goswami.pdf","date_created":"2024-03-25T08:36:00Z"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Current knowledge suggests a drought Indian monsoon (perhaps a severe one) when the El Nino Southern Oscillation and Pacific Decadal Oscillation each exhibit positive phases (a joint positive phase). For the monsoons, which are exceptions in this regard, we found northeast India often gets excess pre-monsoon rainfall. Further investigation reveals that this excess pre-monsoon rainfall is produced by the interaction of the large-scale circulation associated with the joint phase with the mountains in northeast India. We posit that a warmer troposphere, a consequence of excess rainfall over northeast India, drives a stronger monsoon circulation and enhances monsoon rainfall over central India. Hence, we argue that pre-monsoon rainfall over northeast India can be used for seasonal monsoon rainfall prediction over central India. Most importantly, its predictive value is at its peak when the Pacific Ocean exhibits a joint positive phase and the threat of extreme drought monsoon looms over India."}],"project":[{"_id":"629205d8-2b32-11ec-9570-e1356ff73576","grant_number":"805041","call_identifier":"H2020","name":"Organization of CLoUdS, and implications of Tropical cyclones and for the Energetics of the tropics, in current and waRming climate"}],"ec_funded":1},{"day":"19","keyword":["General Earth and Planetary Sciences","Geophysics"],"month":"03","oa_version":"Published Version","OA_type":"gold","scopus_import":"1","quality_controlled":"1","APC_amount":"2940 EUR","issue":"6","corr_author":"1","department":[{"_id":"CaMu"}],"citation":{"mla":"Hwong, Yi-Ling, and Caroline J. Muller. “The Unreasonable Efficiency of Total Rain Evaporation Removal in Triggering Convective Self‐aggregation.” Geophysical Research Letters, vol. 51, no. 6, e2023GL106523, Wiley, 2024, doi:10.1029/2023gl106523.","chicago":"Hwong, Yi-Ling, and Caroline J Muller. “The Unreasonable Efficiency of Total Rain Evaporation Removal in Triggering Convective Self‐aggregation.” Geophysical Research Letters. Wiley, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023gl106523.","ieee":"Y.-L. Hwong and C. J. Muller, “The unreasonable efficiency of total rain evaporation removal in triggering convective self‐aggregation,” Geophysical Research Letters, vol. 51, no. 6. Wiley, 2024.","ama":"Hwong Y-L, Muller CJ. The unreasonable efficiency of total rain evaporation removal in triggering convective self‐aggregation. Geophysical Research Letters. 2024;51(6). doi:10.1029/2023gl106523","short":"Y.-L. Hwong, C.J. Muller, Geophysical Research Letters 51 (2024).","ista":"Hwong Y-L, Muller CJ. 2024. The unreasonable efficiency of total rain evaporation removal in triggering convective self‐aggregation. Geophysical Research Letters. 51(6), e2023GL106523.","apa":"Hwong, Y.-L., & Muller, C. J. (2024). The unreasonable efficiency of total rain evaporation removal in triggering convective self‐aggregation. Geophysical Research Letters. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023gl106523"},"publisher":"Wiley","date_updated":"2025-09-04T13:16:39Z","status":"public","isi":1,"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1944-8007"],"issn":["0094-8276"]},"external_id":{"isi":["001187002300001"]},"has_accepted_license":"1","article_processing_charge":"Yes","author":[{"first_name":"Yi-Ling","full_name":"Hwong, Yi-Ling","id":"1217aa61-4dd1-11ec-9ac3-f2ba3f17ee22","orcid":"0000-0001-9281-3479","last_name":"Hwong"},{"full_name":"Muller, Caroline J","id":"f978ccb0-3f7f-11eb-b193-b0e2bd13182b","last_name":"Muller","orcid":"0000-0001-5836-5350","first_name":"Caroline J"}],"related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","id":"19307","relation":"research_data"}]},"OA_place":"publisher","date_published":"2024-03-19T00:00:00Z","volume":51,"tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by_nc_nd.png","short":"CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)"},"oa":1,"publication_status":"published","article_type":"original","article_number":" e2023GL106523","title":"The unreasonable efficiency of total rain evaporation removal in triggering convective self‐aggregation","file":[{"date_created":"2024-03-25T11:28:25Z","content_type":"application/pdf","checksum":"eacb011091a503b9e7b748fef639ba4c","file_name":"2024_GeophysResLetters_Hwong.pdf","access_level":"open_access","file_size":1280108,"relation":"main_file","success":1,"file_id":"15187","creator":"dernst","date_updated":"2024-03-25T11:28:25Z"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The elimination of rain evaporation in the planetary boundary layer (PBL) has been found to lead to convective self‐aggregation (CSA) even without radiative feedback, but the precise mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain unclear. We conducted cloud‐resolving simulations with two domain sizes and progressively reduced rain evaporation in the PBL. Surprisingly, CSA only occurred when rain evaporation was almost completely removed. The additional convective heating resulting from the reduction of evaporative cooling in the moist patch was found to be the trigger, thereafter a dry subsidence intrusion into the PBL in the dry patch takes over and sets CSA in motion. Temperature and moisture anomalies oppose each other in their buoyancy effects, hence explaining the need for almost total rain evaporation removal. We also found radiative cooling and not cold pools to be the leading cause for the comparative ease of CSA to take place in the larger domain."}],"project":[{"call_identifier":"H2020","_id":"fc2ed2f7-9c52-11eb-aca3-c01059dda49c","grant_number":"101034413","name":"IST-BRIDGE: International postdoctoral program"},{"name":"Organization of CLoUdS, and implications of Tropical cyclones and for the Energetics of the tropics, in current and waRming climate","_id":"629205d8-2b32-11ec-9570-e1356ff73576","grant_number":"805041","call_identifier":"H2020"}],"ec_funded":1,"file_date_updated":"2024-03-25T11:28:25Z","publication":"Geophysical Research Letters","type":"journal_article","acknowledgement":"YLH is supported by funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant 101034413. CM gratefully acknowledges funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (Project CLUSTER, Grant 805041). The authors warmly thank Steven Sherwood, Jiawei Bao, Bidyut Goswami, and Martin Janssens for stimulating and helpful discussions. They also thank Christopher Holloway and an anonymous reviewer for providing helpful feedback that greatly improved this manuscript.\r\n","_id":"15186","intvolume":" 51","ddc":["550"],"doi":"10.1029/2023gl106523","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","year":"2024","date_created":"2024-03-25T10:27:30Z","DOAJ_listed":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}]},{"ec_funded":1,"project":[{"name":"IST-BRIDGE: International postdoctoral program","call_identifier":"H2020","grant_number":"101034413","_id":"fc2ed2f7-9c52-11eb-aca3-c01059dda49c"},{"name":"Organization of CLoUdS, and implications of Tropical cyclones and for the Energetics of the tropics, in current and waRming climate","call_identifier":"H2020","_id":"629205d8-2b32-11ec-9570-e1356ff73576","grant_number":"805041"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Our goal is to investigate fundamental properties of the system of internally cooled convection. The system consists of an upward thermal flux at the lower boundary, a mean temperature lapse-rate and a constant cooling term in the bulk with the bulk cooling in thermal equilibrium with the input heat flux. This simple model represents idealised dry convection in the atmospheric boundary layer, where the cooling mimics the radiative cooling to space notably through longwave radiation. We perform linear stability analysis of the model for different values of the mean stratification to derive the critical forcing above which the fluid is convectively unstable to small perturbations. The dynamic behavior of the fluid system is described and the scaling of various important measured quantities such as the total vertical convective heat flux and the upward mass flux is measured. We introduce a lapse-rate dependent dimensionless Rayleigh-number Ray that determines the behavior of the system, finding that the convective heat-flux and mass-flux scale approximately as Ray0.5 and Ray0.7 respectively. The area-fraction of the domain that is occupied by upward and downward moving fluid and the skewness of the vertical velocity are studied to understand the asymmetry inherent in the system. We conclude with a short discussion on the relevance to atmospheric convection and the scope for further investigations of atmospheric convection using similar simplified approaches."}],"file":[{"creator":"dernst","date_updated":"2025-01-09T09:05:31Z","file_id":"18795","success":1,"relation":"main_file","access_level":"open_access","file_size":1257925,"file_name":"2024_CommNonlinear_Agasthya.pdf","content_type":"application/pdf","checksum":"9b7c2b8281d0b7bc7f08e0468168324c","date_created":"2025-01-09T09:05:31Z"}],"title":"Dynamics and scaling of internally cooled convection","article_number":"108011","publication_status":"published","article_type":"original","oa":1,"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_created":"2024-04-14T22:01:01Z","acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"ScienComp"}],"year":"2024","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","ddc":["550"],"intvolume":" 134","doi":"10.1016/j.cnsns.2024.108011","_id":"15313","type":"journal_article","acknowledgement":"This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska–Curie grant agreement No. 101034413. CM gratefully acknowledges funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (Project CLUSTER, Grant Agreement No. 805041). This research was supported by the Scientific Service Units (SSU) of IST Austria through resources provided by Scientific Computing (SciComp).","publication":"Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation","file_date_updated":"2025-01-09T09:05:31Z","quality_controlled":"1","oa_version":"Published Version","OA_type":"hybrid","scopus_import":"1","arxiv":1,"month":"07","day":"01","tmp":{"short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"volume":134,"date_published":"2024-07-01T00:00:00Z","OA_place":"publisher","author":[{"id":"cd100965-0804-11ed-9c55-f4878ff4e877","full_name":"Agasthya, Lokahith N","last_name":"Agasthya","first_name":"Lokahith N"},{"full_name":"Muller, Caroline J","id":"f978ccb0-3f7f-11eb-b193-b0e2bd13182b","last_name":"Muller","orcid":"0000-0001-5836-5350","first_name":"Caroline J"}],"external_id":{"arxiv":["2311.04114"],"isi":["001238294600001"]},"has_accepted_license":"1","article_processing_charge":"Yes (via OA deal)","isi":1,"publication_identifier":{"issn":["1007-5704"]},"status":"public","date_updated":"2025-09-04T13:37:48Z","citation":{"ieee":"L. N. Agasthya and C. J. Muller, “Dynamics and scaling of internally cooled convection,” Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation, vol. 134. Elsevier, 2024.","mla":"Agasthya, Lokahith N., and Caroline J. Muller. “Dynamics and Scaling of Internally Cooled Convection.” Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation, vol. 134, 108011, Elsevier, 2024, doi:10.1016/j.cnsns.2024.108011.","chicago":"Agasthya, Lokahith N, and Caroline J Muller. “Dynamics and Scaling of Internally Cooled Convection.” Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation. Elsevier, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cnsns.2024.108011.","ama":"Agasthya LN, Muller CJ. Dynamics and scaling of internally cooled convection. Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation. 2024;134. doi:10.1016/j.cnsns.2024.108011","short":"L.N. Agasthya, C.J. Muller, Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation 134 (2024).","apa":"Agasthya, L. N., & Muller, C. J. (2024). Dynamics and scaling of internally cooled convection. Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cnsns.2024.108011","ista":"Agasthya LN, Muller CJ. 2024. Dynamics and scaling of internally cooled convection. Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation. 134, 108011."},"publisher":"Elsevier","department":[{"_id":"CaMu"}],"corr_author":"1"},{"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0301-4797"]},"isi":1,"status":"public","date_updated":"2025-09-08T08:53:10Z","publisher":"Elsevier","citation":{"short":"C. Quishpe-Vásquez, P. Oliva, E.A. López-Barrera, A. Casallas Garcia, Journal of Environmental Management 367 (2024).","apa":"Quishpe-Vásquez, C., Oliva, P., López-Barrera, E. A., & Casallas Garcia, A. (2024). Wildfires impact on PM2.5 concentration in galicia Spain. Journal of Environmental Management. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122093","ista":"Quishpe-Vásquez C, Oliva P, López-Barrera EA, Casallas Garcia A. 2024. Wildfires impact on PM2.5 concentration in galicia Spain. Journal of Environmental Management. 367, 122093.","ieee":"C. Quishpe-Vásquez, P. Oliva, E. A. López-Barrera, and A. Casallas Garcia, “Wildfires impact on PM2.5 concentration in galicia Spain,” Journal of Environmental Management, vol. 367. Elsevier, 2024.","chicago":"Quishpe-Vásquez, César, Patricia Oliva, Ellie Anne López-Barrera, and Alejandro Casallas Garcia. “Wildfires Impact on PM2.5 Concentration in Galicia Spain.” Journal of Environmental Management. Elsevier, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122093.","mla":"Quishpe-Vásquez, César, et al. “Wildfires Impact on PM2.5 Concentration in Galicia Spain.” Journal of Environmental Management, vol. 367, 122093, Elsevier, 2024, doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122093.","ama":"Quishpe-Vásquez C, Oliva P, López-Barrera EA, Casallas Garcia A. Wildfires impact on PM2.5 concentration in galicia Spain. Journal of Environmental Management. 2024;367. doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122093"},"department":[{"_id":"CaMu"}],"tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by_nc.png","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)","short":"CC BY-NC (4.0)"},"date_published":"2024-09-01T00:00:00Z","volume":367,"pmid":1,"author":[{"full_name":"Quishpe-Vásquez, César","last_name":"Quishpe-Vásquez","first_name":"César"},{"first_name":"Patricia","last_name":"Oliva","full_name":"Oliva, Patricia"},{"last_name":"López-Barrera","full_name":"López-Barrera, Ellie Anne","first_name":"Ellie Anne"},{"full_name":"Casallas Garcia, Alejandro","id":"92081129-2d75-11ef-a48d-b04dd7a2385a","orcid":"0000-0002-1988-5035","last_name":"Casallas Garcia","first_name":"Alejandro"}],"article_processing_charge":"Yes (in subscription journal)","external_id":{"pmid":["39106804"],"isi":["001289532100001"]},"has_accepted_license":"1","month":"09","day":"01","quality_controlled":"1","scopus_import":"1","oa_version":"Published Version","acknowledgement":"Alejandro Casallas was partially funded by a fellowship from the Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics – ICTP. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 101034413 awarded to Alejandro Casallas. ","type":"journal_article","publication":"Journal of Environmental Management","file_date_updated":"2024-08-09T13:37:24Z","license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_created":"2024-08-06T05:54:52Z","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","year":"2024","ddc":["550"],"intvolume":" 367","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122093","_id":"17396","file":[{"date_created":"2024-08-09T13:37:23Z","content_type":"application/pdf","checksum":"6fa476a4c08aded413844d92336b0e52","file_name":"Fires_Galicia_SM.pdf","file_size":1595118,"access_level":"open_access","relation":"main_file","success":1,"file_id":"17405","date_updated":"2024-08-09T13:37:23Z","creator":"acasalla"},{"creator":"acasalla","date_updated":"2024-08-09T13:37:24Z","file_id":"17406","success":1,"relation":"main_file","access_level":"open_access","file_size":13662676,"file_name":"Fires_Galicia.pdf","checksum":"859dcdef9555c383b702cf8cc7da66f2","content_type":"application/pdf","date_created":"2024-08-09T13:37:24Z"}],"title":"Wildfires impact on PM2.5 concentration in galicia Spain","article_number":"122093","article_type":"original","publication_status":"published","oa":1,"ec_funded":1,"project":[{"name":"IST-BRIDGE: International postdoctoral program","grant_number":"101034413","call_identifier":"H2020","_id":"fc2ed2f7-9c52-11eb-aca3-c01059dda49c"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Wildfire intensity and severity have been increasing in the Iberian Peninsula in recent years, particularly in the Galicia region, due to rising temperatures and accumulating drier combustible vegetation in unmanaged lands. This leads to substantial emissions of air pollutants, notably fine particles (PM2.5), posing a risk to public health. This study aims to assess the impact of local and regional wildfires on PM2.5 levels in Galicia's main cities and their implications for air quality and public health. Over a decade (2013–2022), PM2.5 data during wildfire seasons were analyzed using statistical methods and Lagrangian tracking to monitor smoke plume evolution. The results reveal a notable increase in PM2.5 concentration during the wildfire season (June–November) in Galicia, surpassing health guidelines during extreme events and posing a significant health risk to the population. Regional wildfire analyses indicate that smoke plumes from Northern Portugal contribute to pollution in Galician cities, influencing the seasonality of heightened PM2.5 levels. During extensive wildfires, elevated PM2.5 concentration values persisted for several days, potentially exacerbating health concerns in Galicia. These findings underscore the urgency of implementing air pollution prevention and management measures in the region, including developing effective alerts for large-scale events and improved wildfire management strategies to mitigate their impact on air quality in Galician cities."}]},{"issue":"15","quality_controlled":"1","scopus_import":"1","oa_version":"Published Version","month":"08","day":"16","tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by_nc.png","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)","short":"CC BY-NC (4.0)"},"volume":129,"date_published":"2024-08-16T00:00:00Z","author":[{"first_name":"Julie","last_name":"André","full_name":"André, Julie"},{"first_name":"Fabio","full_name":"D'Andrea, Fabio","last_name":"D'Andrea"},{"first_name":"Philippe","full_name":"Drobinski, Philippe","last_name":"Drobinski"},{"full_name":"Muller, Caroline J","id":"f978ccb0-3f7f-11eb-b193-b0e2bd13182b","orcid":"0000-0001-5836-5350","last_name":"Muller","first_name":"Caroline J"}],"article_processing_charge":"Yes (in subscription journal)","has_accepted_license":"1","external_id":{"isi":["001285897600001"]},"isi":1,"publication_identifier":{"issn":["2169-897X"],"eissn":["2169-8996"]},"status":"public","date_updated":"2025-09-08T08:56:53Z","citation":{"ista":"André J, D’Andrea F, Drobinski P, Muller CJ. 2024. Regimes of precipitation change over Europe and the Mediterranean. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 129(15), e2023JD040413.","apa":"André, J., D’Andrea, F., Drobinski, P., & Muller, C. J. (2024). Regimes of precipitation change over Europe and the Mediterranean. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023JD040413","short":"J. André, F. D’Andrea, P. Drobinski, C.J. Muller, Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 129 (2024).","ama":"André J, D’Andrea F, Drobinski P, Muller CJ. Regimes of precipitation change over Europe and the Mediterranean. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2024;129(15). doi:10.1029/2023JD040413","mla":"André, Julie, et al. “Regimes of Precipitation Change over Europe and the Mediterranean.” Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, vol. 129, no. 15, e2023JD040413, Wiley, 2024, doi:10.1029/2023JD040413.","chicago":"André, Julie, Fabio D’Andrea, Philippe Drobinski, and Caroline J Muller. “Regimes of Precipitation Change over Europe and the Mediterranean.” Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. Wiley, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023JD040413.","ieee":"J. André, F. D’Andrea, P. Drobinski, and C. J. Muller, “Regimes of precipitation change over Europe and the Mediterranean,” Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, vol. 129, no. 15. Wiley, 2024."},"publisher":"Wiley","department":[{"_id":"CaMu"}],"ec_funded":1,"project":[{"call_identifier":"H2020","grant_number":"805041","_id":"629205d8-2b32-11ec-9570-e1356ff73576","name":"Organization of CLoUdS, and implications of Tropical cyclones and for the Energetics of the tropics, in current and waRming climate"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The Mediterranean region is experiencing pronounced aridification and in certain areas higher occurrence of intense precipitation. In this work, we analyze the evolution of the precipitation probability distribution in terms of precipitating days (or “wet-days”) and all-days quantile trends, in Europe and the Mediterranean, using the ERA5 reanalysis. Looking at the form of wet-days quantile trends curves, we identify four regimes. Two are predominant: in most of northern Europe the precipitation quantiles all intensify, while in the Mediterranean the low-medium quantiles are mostly decreasing as extremes intensify or decrease. The wet-days distribution is then modeled by a Weibull law with two parameters, whose changes capture the four regimes. Assessing the significance of the parameters' changes over 1950–2020 shows that a signal on wet-days distribution has already emerged in northern Europe (where the distribution shifts to more intense precipitation), but not yet in the Mediterranean, where the natural variability is stronger. We extend the results by describing the all-days distribution change as the wet-days’ change plus a contribution from the dry-days frequency change, and study their relative contribution. In northern Europe, the wet-days distribution change is the dominant driver, and the contribution of dry-days frequency change can be neglected for wet-days percentiles above about 50%. In the Mediterranean, however, the change of precipitation distribution comes from the significant increase of dry-days frequency instead of an intensity change during wet-days. Therefore, in the Mediterranean the increase of dry-days frequency is crucial for all-days trends, even for heavy precipitation."}],"title":"Regimes of precipitation change over Europe and the Mediterranean","file":[{"file_name":"2024_JGRAtmospheres_Andre.pdf","content_type":"application/pdf","checksum":"71d7f966318e11ce474737f4e37405ef","date_created":"2024-08-19T06:32:21Z","creator":"dernst","date_updated":"2024-08-19T06:32:21Z","file_id":"17438","success":1,"relation":"main_file","access_level":"open_access","file_size":8126046}],"article_number":"e2023JD040413","publication_status":"published","article_type":"original","oa":1,"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_created":"2024-08-18T22:01:04Z","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","year":"2024","intvolume":" 129","doi":"10.1029/2023JD040413","ddc":["550"],"_id":"17435","type":"journal_article","acknowledgement":"CJM gratefully acknowledge funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (Project CLUSTER, Grant Agreement No 805041). The authors also thank Samuel Somot (Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques, Toulouse) and Juliette Blanchet (Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement, Grenoble) for their fruitful discussions on the project.","publication":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","file_date_updated":"2024-08-19T06:32:21Z"},{"month":"10","day":"01","issue":"10","scopus_import":"1","oa_version":"Published Version","quality_controlled":"1","status":"public","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1942-2466"]},"isi":1,"department":[{"_id":"CaMu"}],"publisher":"Wiley","citation":{"mla":"Abramian, Sophie, et al. “Extreme Precipitation in Tropical Squall Lines.” Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, vol. 15, no. 10, e2022MS003477, Wiley, 2023, doi:10.1029/2022MS003477.","chicago":"Abramian, Sophie, Caroline J Muller, and Camille Risi. “Extreme Precipitation in Tropical Squall Lines.” Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems. Wiley, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022MS003477.","ieee":"S. Abramian, C. J. Muller, and C. Risi, “Extreme precipitation in tropical squall lines,” Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, vol. 15, no. 10. Wiley, 2023.","ama":"Abramian S, Muller CJ, Risi C. Extreme precipitation in tropical squall lines. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems. 2023;15(10). doi:10.1029/2022MS003477","short":"S. Abramian, C.J. Muller, C. Risi, Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 15 (2023).","ista":"Abramian S, Muller CJ, Risi C. 2023. Extreme precipitation in tropical squall lines. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems. 15(10), e2022MS003477.","apa":"Abramian, S., Muller, C. J., & Risi, C. (2023). Extreme precipitation in tropical squall lines. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022MS003477"},"date_updated":"2024-11-05T09:00:44Z","volume":15,"date_published":"2023-10-01T00:00:00Z","tmp":{"short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"external_id":{"isi":["001084933600001"]},"article_processing_charge":"Yes","has_accepted_license":"1","author":[{"last_name":"Abramian","full_name":"Abramian, Sophie","first_name":"Sophie"},{"last_name":"Muller","orcid":"0000-0001-5836-5350","id":"f978ccb0-3f7f-11eb-b193-b0e2bd13182b","full_name":"Muller, Caroline J","first_name":"Caroline J"},{"full_name":"Risi, Camille","last_name":"Risi","first_name":"Camille"}],"title":"Extreme precipitation in tropical squall lines","file":[{"file_size":1975210,"access_level":"open_access","success":1,"relation":"main_file","file_id":"14470","date_updated":"2023-10-30T13:31:42Z","creator":"dernst","date_created":"2023-10-30T13:31:42Z","checksum":"43e6a1a35b663843c7d3f8d0caaca1a5","content_type":"application/pdf","file_name":"2023_JAMES_Abramian.pdf"}],"oa":1,"publication_status":"published","article_type":"original","article_number":"e2022MS003477","project":[{"call_identifier":"H2020","grant_number":"805041","_id":"629205d8-2b32-11ec-9570-e1356ff73576","name":"Organization of CLoUdS, and implications of Tropical cyclones and for the Energetics of the tropics, in current and waRming climate"}],"ec_funded":1,"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Squall lines are substantially influenced by the interaction of low-level shear with cold pools associated with convective downdrafts. Beyond an optimal shear amplitude, squall lines tend to orient themselves at an angle with respect to the low-level shear. While the mechanisms behind squall line orientation seem to be increasingly well understood, uncertainties remain on the implications of this orientation. Roca and Fiolleau (2020, https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-020-00015-4) show that long lived mesoscale convective systems, including squall lines, are disproportionately involved in rainfall extremes in the tropics. This article investigates the influence of the interaction between low-level shear and squall line outflow on squall line generated precipitation extrema in the tropics. Using a cloud resolving model, simulated squall lines in radiative convective equilibrium amid a shear-dominated regime (super optimal), a balanced regime (optimal), and an outflow dominated regime (suboptimal). Our results show that precipitation extremes in squall lines are 40% more intense in the case of optimal shear and remain 30% superior in the superoptimal regime relative to a disorganized case. With a theoretical scaling of precipitation extremes (C. Muller & Takayabu, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab7130), we show that the condensation rates control the amplification of precipitation extremes in tropical squall lines, mainly due to its change in vertical mass flux (dynamic component). The reduction of dilution by entrainment explains half of this change, consistent with Mulholland et al. (2021, https://doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-20-0299.1). The other half is explained by increased cloud-base velocity intensity in optimal and superoptimal squall lines."}],"publication":"Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems","acknowledgement":"The authors gratefully acknowledge funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (Project CLUSTER, Grant Agreement No. 805041). This work is also supported by a PhD fellowship funded by the Ecole Normale Supérieure de Paris-Saclay. Authors are also grateful to Benjamin Filider, who was of great help and support in the development of ideas. Eventually, we would like to thank Martin Singh, John M. Peters and an anonymous reviewer for their valuable comments and suggestions, which greatly improved the quality of the manuscript.","type":"journal_article","file_date_updated":"2023-10-30T13:31:42Z","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","year":"2023","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_created":"2023-10-29T23:01:15Z","_id":"14453","intvolume":" 15","doi":"10.1029/2022MS003477","ddc":["550"]},{"status":"public","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1942-2466"]},"isi":1,"department":[{"_id":"CaMu"}],"publisher":"American Geophysical Union","citation":{"ama":"Khouider B, GOSWAMI BB, Phani R, Majda AJ. A shallow‐deep unified stochastic mass flux cumulus parameterization in the single column community climate model. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems. 2023;15(11). doi:10.1029/2022ms003391","ieee":"B. Khouider, B. B. GOSWAMI, R. Phani, and A. J. Majda, “A shallow‐deep unified stochastic mass flux cumulus parameterization in the single column community climate model,” Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, vol. 15, no. 11. American Geophysical Union, 2023.","mla":"Khouider, B., et al. “A Shallow‐deep Unified Stochastic Mass Flux Cumulus Parameterization in the Single Column Community Climate Model.” Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, vol. 15, no. 11, e2022MS003391, American Geophysical Union, 2023, doi:10.1029/2022ms003391.","chicago":"Khouider, B., BIDYUT B GOSWAMI, R. Phani, and A. J. Majda. “A Shallow‐deep Unified Stochastic Mass Flux Cumulus Parameterization in the Single Column Community Climate Model.” Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems. American Geophysical Union, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022ms003391.","apa":"Khouider, B., GOSWAMI, B. B., Phani, R., & Majda, A. J. (2023). A shallow‐deep unified stochastic mass flux cumulus parameterization in the single column community climate model. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems. American Geophysical Union. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022ms003391","ista":"Khouider B, GOSWAMI BB, Phani R, Majda AJ. 2023. A shallow‐deep unified stochastic mass flux cumulus parameterization in the single column community climate model. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems. 15(11), e2022MS003391.","short":"B. Khouider, B.B. GOSWAMI, R. Phani, A.J. Majda, Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 15 (2023)."},"date_updated":"2025-09-09T13:29:45Z","volume":15,"date_published":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by_nc.png","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)","short":"CC BY-NC (4.0)"},"external_id":{"isi":["001106311000001"]},"article_processing_charge":"Yes","has_accepted_license":"1","author":[{"full_name":"Khouider, B.","last_name":"Khouider","first_name":"B."},{"last_name":"GOSWAMI","orcid":"0000-0001-8602-3083","id":"3a4ac09c-6d61-11ec-bf66-884cde66b64b","full_name":"GOSWAMI, BIDYUT B","first_name":"BIDYUT B"},{"first_name":"R.","full_name":"Phani, R.","last_name":"Phani"},{"first_name":"A. J.","last_name":"Majda","full_name":"Majda, A. J."}],"keyword":["General Earth and Planetary Sciences","Environmental Chemistry","Global and Planetary Change"],"month":"11","day":"01","issue":"11","scopus_import":"1","oa_version":"Published Version","quality_controlled":"1","publication":"Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems","acknowledgement":"The research of B.K. is supported in part by a Discovery Grant from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (RGPIN-04246-2020). This research was conducted during the visits of P.M. Krishna to the Center for Prototype Climate Models at NYU Abu Dhabi and University of Victoria from November 2018 to June 2019 and July 2019 and October 2019, respectively. The authors are very grateful to the three anonymous reviewers who provided very thoughtful and constructive comments during the review process that helped greatly improve and shape the final version of the manuscript.","type":"journal_article","file_date_updated":"2023-11-20T11:29:16Z","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","year":"2023","date_created":"2023-11-20T09:18:21Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"14564","ddc":["550"],"intvolume":" 15","doi":"10.1029/2022ms003391","file":[{"file_id":"14582","date_updated":"2023-11-20T11:29:16Z","creator":"dernst","file_size":6435697,"access_level":"open_access","relation":"main_file","success":1,"checksum":"e30329dd985559de0ddc7021ca7382b4","content_type":"application/pdf","file_name":"2023_JAMES_Khoulder.pdf","date_created":"2023-11-20T11:29:16Z"}],"title":"A shallow‐deep unified stochastic mass flux cumulus parameterization in the single column community climate model","oa":1,"publication_status":"published","article_type":"original","article_number":"e2022MS003391","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Cumulus parameterization (CP) in state‐of‐the‐art global climate models is based on the quasi‐equilibrium assumption (QEA), which views convection as the action of an ensemble of cumulus clouds, in a state of equilibrium with respect to a slowly varying atmospheric state. This view is not compatible with the organization and dynamical interactions across multiple scales of cloud systems in the tropics and progress in this research area was slow over decades despite the widely recognized major shortcomings. Novel ideas on how to represent key physical processes of moist convection‐large‐scale interaction to overcome the QEA have surged recently. The stochastic multicloud model (SMCM) CP in particular mimics the dynamical interactions of multiple cloud types that characterize organized tropical convection. Here, the SMCM is used to modify the Zhang‐McFarlane (ZM) CP by changing the way in which the bulk mass flux and bulk entrainment and detrainment rates are calculated. This is done by introducing a stochastic ensemble of plumes characterized by randomly varying detrainment level distributions based on the cloud area fraction of the SMCM. The SMCM is here extended to include shallow cumulus clouds resulting in a unified shallow‐deep CP. The new stochastic multicloud plume CP is validated against the control ZM scheme in the context of the single column Community Climate Model of the National Center for Atmospheric Research using data from both tropical ocean and midlatitude land convection. Some key features of the SMCM CP such as it capability to represent the tri‐modal nature of organized convection are emphasized."}]},{"ddc":["550"],"doi":"10.1029/2023MS003726","intvolume":" 15","_id":"14654","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_created":"2023-12-10T23:00:57Z","year":"2023","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","file_date_updated":"2023-12-11T08:08:44Z","acknowledgement":"YLH is supported by funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 101034413. CJM gratefully acknowledges funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (Project CLUSTER, Grant Agreement No. 805041). YLH and SCS were supported by the Australian Research Council (FL150100035). The authors thank Brian Mapes, David Fuchs and Siwon Song for stimulating and helpful discussions. MC warmly thanks the LMD team in Paris for their assistance with the LMDZ model. We thank the two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments that greatly improved this manuscript.","type":"journal_article","publication":"Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Two assumptions commonly applied in convection schemes—the diagnostic and quasi-equilibrium assumptions—imply that convective activity (e.g., convective precipitation) is controlled only by the large-scale (macrostate) environment at the time. In contrast, numerical experiments indicate a “memory” or dependence of convection also on its own previous activity whereby subgrid-scale (microstate) structures boost but are also boosted by convection. In this study we investigated this memory by comparing single-column model behavior in two idealized tests previously executed by a cloud-resolving model (CRM). Conventional convection schemes that employ the diagnostic assumption fail to reproduce the CRM behavior. The memory-capable org and Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique Zoom cold pool schemes partially capture the behavior, but fail to fully exhibit the strong reinforcing feedbacks implied by the CRM. Analysis of this failure suggests that it is because the CRM supports a linear (or superlinear) dependence of the subgrid structure growth rate on the precipitation rate, while the org scheme assumes a sublinear dependence. Among varying versions of the org scheme, the growth rate of the org variable representing subgrid structure is strongly associated with memory strength. These results demonstrate the importance of parameterizing convective memory, and the ability of idealized tests to reveal shortcomings of convection schemes and constrain model structural assumptions."}],"ec_funded":1,"project":[{"name":"Organization of CLoUdS, and implications of Tropical cyclones and for the Energetics of the tropics, in current and waRming climate","call_identifier":"H2020","grant_number":"805041","_id":"629205d8-2b32-11ec-9570-e1356ff73576"}],"article_number":"e2023MS003726","publication_status":"published","article_type":"original","oa":1,"title":"Assessing memory in convection schemes using idealized tests","file":[{"date_created":"2023-12-11T08:08:44Z","checksum":"4d060b293da3d203de8769e398edf711","content_type":"application/pdf","file_name":"2023_JAMES_Hwong.pdf","access_level":"open_access","file_size":2783677,"success":1,"relation":"main_file","file_id":"14670","creator":"dernst","date_updated":"2023-12-11T08:08:44Z"}],"author":[{"first_name":"Yi-Ling","last_name":"Hwong","orcid":"0000-0001-9281-3479","full_name":"Hwong, Yi-Ling","id":"1217aa61-4dd1-11ec-9ac3-f2ba3f17ee22"},{"first_name":"M.","last_name":"Colin","full_name":"Colin, M."},{"first_name":"Philipp","last_name":"Aglas","full_name":"Aglas, Philipp","id":"02eace56-97fc-11ee-b81a-f0939ca85a77"},{"last_name":"Muller","orcid":"0000-0001-5836-5350","id":"f978ccb0-3f7f-11eb-b193-b0e2bd13182b","full_name":"Muller, Caroline J","first_name":"Caroline J"},{"last_name":"Sherwood","full_name":"Sherwood, S. C.","first_name":"S. C."}],"external_id":{"isi":["001110801100001"]},"article_processing_charge":"Yes","has_accepted_license":"1","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by_nc_nd.png","short":"CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)"},"date_published":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","volume":15,"related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"research_data","id":"14991","status":"public"}]},"date_updated":"2025-09-09T13:35:40Z","citation":{"ama":"Hwong Y-L, Colin M, Aglas P, Muller CJ, Sherwood SC. Assessing memory in convection schemes using idealized tests. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems. 2023;15(12). doi:10.1029/2023MS003726","ieee":"Y.-L. Hwong, M. Colin, P. Aglas, C. J. Muller, and S. C. Sherwood, “Assessing memory in convection schemes using idealized tests,” Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, vol. 15, no. 12. Wiley, 2023.","mla":"Hwong, Yi-Ling, et al. “Assessing Memory in Convection Schemes Using Idealized Tests.” Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, vol. 15, no. 12, e2023MS003726, Wiley, 2023, doi:10.1029/2023MS003726.","chicago":"Hwong, Yi-Ling, M. Colin, Philipp Aglas, Caroline J Muller, and S. C. Sherwood. “Assessing Memory in Convection Schemes Using Idealized Tests.” Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems. Wiley, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023MS003726.","apa":"Hwong, Y.-L., Colin, M., Aglas, P., Muller, C. J., & Sherwood, S. C. (2023). Assessing memory in convection schemes using idealized tests. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023MS003726","ista":"Hwong Y-L, Colin M, Aglas P, Muller CJ, Sherwood SC. 2023. Assessing memory in convection schemes using idealized tests. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems. 15(12), e2023MS003726.","short":"Y.-L. Hwong, M. Colin, P. Aglas, C.J. Muller, S.C. Sherwood, Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 15 (2023)."},"publisher":"Wiley","department":[{"_id":"CaMu"}],"corr_author":"1","isi":1,"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1942-2466"]},"status":"public","quality_controlled":"1","scopus_import":"1","oa_version":"Published Version","issue":"12","day":"01","month":"12"},{"day":"20","month":"03","quality_controlled":"1","scopus_import":"1","oa_version":"Preprint","arxiv":1,"issue":"3","date_updated":"2025-04-23T08:52:35Z","citation":{"ama":"Clark Di Leoni P, Agasthya LN, Buzzicotti M, Biferale L. Reconstructing Rayleigh–Bénard flows out of temperature-only measurements using Physics-Informed Neural Networks. The European Physical Journal E. 2023;46(3). doi:10.1140/epje/s10189-023-00276-9","ieee":"P. Clark Di Leoni, L. N. Agasthya, M. Buzzicotti, and L. Biferale, “Reconstructing Rayleigh–Bénard flows out of temperature-only measurements using Physics-Informed Neural Networks,” The European Physical Journal E, vol. 46, no. 3. Springer Nature, 2023.","mla":"Clark Di Leoni, Patricio, et al. “Reconstructing Rayleigh–Bénard Flows out of Temperature-Only Measurements Using Physics-Informed Neural Networks.” The European Physical Journal E, vol. 46, no. 3, 16, Springer Nature, 2023, doi:10.1140/epje/s10189-023-00276-9.","chicago":"Clark Di Leoni, Patricio, Lokahith N Agasthya, Michele Buzzicotti, and Luca Biferale. “Reconstructing Rayleigh–Bénard Flows out of Temperature-Only Measurements Using Physics-Informed Neural Networks.” The European Physical Journal E. Springer Nature, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1140/epje/s10189-023-00276-9.","apa":"Clark Di Leoni, P., Agasthya, L. N., Buzzicotti, M., & Biferale, L. (2023). Reconstructing Rayleigh–Bénard flows out of temperature-only measurements using Physics-Informed Neural Networks. The European Physical Journal E. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1140/epje/s10189-023-00276-9","ista":"Clark Di Leoni P, Agasthya LN, Buzzicotti M, Biferale L. 2023. Reconstructing Rayleigh–Bénard flows out of temperature-only measurements using Physics-Informed Neural Networks. The European Physical Journal E. 46(3), 16.","short":"P. Clark Di Leoni, L.N. Agasthya, M. Buzzicotti, L. Biferale, The European Physical Journal E 46 (2023)."},"publisher":"Springer Nature","department":[{"_id":"CaMu"}],"isi":1,"publication_identifier":{"issn":["1292-8941"],"eissn":["1292-895X"]},"status":"public","pmid":1,"author":[{"full_name":"Clark Di Leoni, Patricio","last_name":"Clark Di Leoni","first_name":"Patricio"},{"first_name":"Lokahith N","id":"cd100965-0804-11ed-9c55-f4878ff4e877","full_name":"Agasthya, Lokahith N","last_name":"Agasthya"},{"first_name":"Michele","last_name":"Buzzicotti","full_name":"Buzzicotti, Michele"},{"first_name":"Luca","full_name":"Biferale, Luca","last_name":"Biferale"}],"external_id":{"pmid":["36939938"],"arxiv":["2301.07769"],"isi":["000956387200001"]},"article_processing_charge":"No","volume":46,"date_published":"2023-03-20T00:00:00Z","article_number":"16","article_type":"original","publication_status":"published","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":" https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2301.07769"}],"oa":1,"title":"Reconstructing Rayleigh–Bénard flows out of temperature-only measurements using Physics-Informed Neural Networks","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"We investigate the capabilities of Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) to reconstruct turbulent Rayleigh–Bénard flows using only temperature information. We perform a quantitative analysis of the quality of the reconstructions at various amounts of low-passed-filtered information and turbulent intensities. We compare our results with those obtained via nudging, a classical equation-informed data assimilation technique. At low Rayleigh numbers, PINNs are able to reconstruct with high precision, comparable to the one achieved with nudging. At high Rayleigh numbers, PINNs outperform nudging and are able to achieve satisfactory reconstruction of the velocity fields only when data for temperature is provided with high spatial and temporal density. When data becomes sparse, the PINNs performance worsens, not only in a point-to-point error sense but also, and contrary to nudging, in a statistical sense, as can be seen in the probability density functions and energy spectra."}],"type":"journal_article","acknowledgement":"This project has received partial funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme (Grant Agreement No. 882340))","publication":"The European Physical Journal E","intvolume":" 46","doi":"10.1140/epje/s10189-023-00276-9","_id":"12791","date_created":"2023-04-02T22:01:11Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"year":"2023","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"file_date_updated":"2023-07-31T08:00:01Z","acknowledgement":"This work was supported by National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grants funded by the Korean government (MSIT) (NRF-2018R1A5A1024958, RS-2023-00208000). Model simulation and data transfer were supported by the National Supercomputing Center with supercomputing resources including technical support (KSC-2019-CHA-0005), the National Center for Meteorological Supercomputer of the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA), and by the Korea Research Environment Open NETwork (KREONET), respectively. We sincerely thank Dr. Jongsoo Shin of Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, South Korea for the model simulations.","type":"journal_article","publication":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","ddc":["550"],"intvolume":" 6","doi":"10.1038/s41612-023-00411-5","_id":"13256","year":"2023","user_id":"4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8","date_created":"2023-07-23T22:01:10Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"article_number":"82","oa":1,"article_type":"original","publication_status":"published","file":[{"file_id":"13326","date_updated":"2023-07-31T08:00:01Z","creator":"dernst","file_size":1750712,"access_level":"open_access","relation":"main_file","success":1,"checksum":"e9967d436a83b8ffcc6f58782e1f7500","content_type":"application/pdf","file_name":"2023_npjclimate_Goswami.pdf","date_created":"2023-07-31T08:00:01Z"}],"title":"An assessment of the ENSO-monsoon teleconnection in a warming climate","abstract":[{"text":"The El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Indian summer monsoon (ISM, or monsoon) are two giants of tropical climate. Here we assess the future evolution of the ENSO-monsoon teleconnection in climate simulations with idealized forcing of CO2 increment at a rate of 1% year-1 starting from a present-day condition (367 p.p.m.) until quadrupling. We find a monotonous weakening of the ENSO-monsoon teleconnection with the increase in CO2. Increased co-occurrences of El Niño and positive Indian Ocean Dipoles (pIODs) in a warmer climate weaken the teleconnection. Co-occurrences of El Niño and pIOD are attributable to mean sea surface temperature (SST) warming that resembles a pIOD-type warming pattern in the Indian Ocean and an El Niño-type warming in the Pacific. Since ENSO is a critical precursor of the strength of the Indian monsoon, a weakening of this relation may mean a less predictable Indian monsoon in a warmer climate.","lang":"eng"}],"publisher":"Springer Nature","citation":{"short":"B.B. GOSWAMI, S.I. An, Npj Climate and Atmospheric Science 6 (2023).","apa":"GOSWAMI, B. B., & An, S. I. (2023). An assessment of the ENSO-monsoon teleconnection in a warming climate. Npj Climate and Atmospheric Science. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-023-00411-5","ista":"GOSWAMI BB, An SI. 2023. An assessment of the ENSO-monsoon teleconnection in a warming climate. npj Climate and Atmospheric Science. 6, 82.","ieee":"B. B. GOSWAMI and S. I. An, “An assessment of the ENSO-monsoon teleconnection in a warming climate,” npj Climate and Atmospheric Science, vol. 6. Springer Nature, 2023.","mla":"GOSWAMI, BIDYUT B., and Soon Il An. “An Assessment of the ENSO-Monsoon Teleconnection in a Warming Climate.” Npj Climate and Atmospheric Science, vol. 6, 82, Springer Nature, 2023, doi:10.1038/s41612-023-00411-5.","chicago":"GOSWAMI, BIDYUT B, and Soon Il An. “An Assessment of the ENSO-Monsoon Teleconnection in a Warming Climate.” Npj Climate and Atmospheric Science. Springer Nature, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-023-00411-5.","ama":"GOSWAMI BB, An SI. An assessment of the ENSO-monsoon teleconnection in a warming climate. npj Climate and Atmospheric Science. 2023;6. doi:10.1038/s41612-023-00411-5"},"date_updated":"2023-08-02T06:38:07Z","department":[{"_id":"CaMu"}],"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2397-3722"]},"isi":1,"status":"public","author":[{"first_name":"Bidyut B","last_name":"Goswami","full_name":"Goswami, Bidyut B","id":"3a4ac09c-6d61-11ec-bf66-884cde66b64b"},{"first_name":"Soon Il","full_name":"An, Soon Il","last_name":"An"}],"article_processing_charge":"Yes","has_accepted_license":"1","external_id":{"isi":["001024920300002"]},"date_published":"2023-07-08T00:00:00Z","volume":6,"tmp":{"short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"day":"08","month":"07","quality_controlled":"1","scopus_import":"1","oa_version":"Published Version"},{"article_number":"e2023AV000880","article_type":"original","publication_status":"published","oa":1,"title":"How moisture shapes low‐level radiative cooling in subsidence regimes","file":[{"file_id":"14761","creator":"dernst","date_updated":"2024-01-09T08:51:25Z","access_level":"open_access","file_size":24149551,"success":1,"relation":"main_file","checksum":"af773220a9fa194c61a8dc2fae092c16","content_type":"application/pdf","file_name":"2023_AGUAdvances_Fildier.pdf","date_created":"2024-01-09T08:51:25Z"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Radiative cooling of the lowest atmospheric levels is of strong importance for modulating atmospheric circulations and organizing convection, but detailed observations and a robust theoretical understanding are lacking. Here we use unprecedented observational constraints from subsidence regimes in the tropical Atlantic to develop a theory for the shape and magnitude of low‐level longwave radiative cooling in clear‐sky, showing peaks larger than 5–10 K/day at the top of the boundary layer. A suite of novel scaling approximations is first developed from simplified spectral theory, in close agreement with the measurements. The radiative cooling peak height is set by the maximum lapse rate in water vapor path, and its magnitude is mainly controlled by the ratio of column relative humidity above and below the peak. We emphasize how elevated intrusions of moist air can reduce low‐level cooling, by sporadically shading the spectral range which effectively cools to space. The efficiency of this spectral shading depends both on water content and altitude of moist intrusions; its height dependence cannot be explained by the temperature difference between the emitting and absorbing layers, but by the decrease of water vapor extinction with altitude. This analytical work can help to narrow the search for low‐level cloud patterns sensitive to radiative‐convective feedbacks: the most organized patterns with largest cloud fractions occur in atmospheres below 10% relative humidity and feel the strongest low‐level cooling. This motivates further assessment of favorable conditions for radiative‐convective feedbacks and a robust quantification of corresponding shallow cloud dynamics in current and warmer climates."}],"ec_funded":1,"project":[{"grant_number":"805041","_id":"629205d8-2b32-11ec-9570-e1356ff73576","call_identifier":"H2020","name":"Organization of CLoUdS, and implications of Tropical cyclones and for the Energetics of the tropics, in current and waRming climate"}],"file_date_updated":"2024-01-09T08:51:25Z","type":"journal_article","acknowledgement":"The authors would like to thank two anonymous reviews and gratefully acknowledge diverse funding agencies and resources used for this work. B.F. and C.M. thank funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (Project CLUSTER, grant agreement no. 805041), and the EUREC4A campaign organizers for giving the opportunity to take part to the campaign and use the data early on. R. P. was supported by the US National Science Foundation (award AGS 19–16908), by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (award NA200AR4310375), and the Vetlesen Foundation.","publication":"AGU Advances","intvolume":" 4","doi":"10.1029/2023av000880","ddc":["550"],"_id":"14752","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_created":"2024-01-08T13:07:49Z","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","year":"2023","day":"01","month":"06","keyword":["General Earth and Planetary Sciences"],"quality_controlled":"1","oa_version":"Published Version","scopus_import":"1","issue":"3","date_updated":"2025-09-09T14:13:05Z","citation":{"ieee":"B. Fildier, C. J. Muller, R. Pincus, and S. Fueglistaler, “How moisture shapes low‐level radiative cooling in subsidence regimes,” AGU Advances, vol. 4, no. 3. American Geophysical Union, 2023.","mla":"Fildier, B., et al. “How Moisture Shapes Low‐level Radiative Cooling in Subsidence Regimes.” AGU Advances, vol. 4, no. 3, e2023AV000880, American Geophysical Union, 2023, doi:10.1029/2023av000880.","chicago":"Fildier, B., Caroline J Muller, R. Pincus, and S. Fueglistaler. “How Moisture Shapes Low‐level Radiative Cooling in Subsidence Regimes.” AGU Advances. American Geophysical Union, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023av000880.","ama":"Fildier B, Muller CJ, Pincus R, Fueglistaler S. How moisture shapes low‐level radiative cooling in subsidence regimes. AGU Advances. 2023;4(3). doi:10.1029/2023av000880","short":"B. Fildier, C.J. Muller, R. Pincus, S. Fueglistaler, AGU Advances 4 (2023).","apa":"Fildier, B., Muller, C. J., Pincus, R., & Fueglistaler, S. (2023). How moisture shapes low‐level radiative cooling in subsidence regimes. AGU Advances. American Geophysical Union. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023av000880","ista":"Fildier B, Muller CJ, Pincus R, Fueglistaler S. 2023. How moisture shapes low‐level radiative cooling in subsidence regimes. AGU Advances. 4(3), e2023AV000880."},"publisher":"American Geophysical Union","department":[{"_id":"CaMu"}],"isi":1,"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2576-604X"]},"status":"public","author":[{"last_name":"Fildier","full_name":"Fildier, B.","first_name":"B."},{"full_name":"Muller, Caroline J","id":"f978ccb0-3f7f-11eb-b193-b0e2bd13182b","last_name":"Muller","orcid":"0000-0001-5836-5350","first_name":"Caroline J"},{"first_name":"R.","full_name":"Pincus, R.","last_name":"Pincus"},{"full_name":"Fueglistaler, S.","last_name":"Fueglistaler","first_name":"S."}],"article_processing_charge":"Yes","has_accepted_license":"1","external_id":{"isi":["000989037900001"]},"tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by_nc_nd.png","short":"CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)"},"volume":4,"date_published":"2023-06-01T00:00:00Z"}]