[{"OA_place":"repository","corr_author":"1","supplementarymaterial":"no","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","page":"1279-1281","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"article_processing_charge":"No","has_accepted_license":"1","file_date_updated":"2025-11-24T15:12:50Z","oa":1,"fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2024.07.008","isi":1,"file":[{"creator":"dernst","checksum":"89a83fe25b9ec1aad8e22d134a342c09","file_id":"20691","file_size":277636,"date_created":"2025-11-24T15:12:50Z","content_type":"application/pdf","access_level":"open_access","file_name":"2024_TrendsPlantScience_Wojcikowska_submittedversion.pdf","relation":"main_file","success":1,"date_updated":"2025-11-24T15:12:50Z"}],"title":"BiAux, a newly discovered compound triggering auxin signaling","project":[{"name":"Peptide receptors for auxin canalization in Arabidopsis","grant_number":"I06123","_id":"bd76d395-d553-11ed-ba76-f678c14f9033"}],"publication_status":"published","OA_type":"green","type":"journal_article","ddc":["580"],"status":"public","researchdata_availability":"no","volume":29,"publication_identifier":{"issn":["1360-1385"]},"article_type":"original","intvolume":"        29","pmid":1,"issue":"12","quality_controlled":"1","_id":"17377","department":[{"_id":"JiFr"}],"acknowledgement":"This work was supported by funding from the National Science Centre, Poland, under the OPUS call in the Weave program and the Austrian Science Fund, Austria project (FWF)/OPUS – Peptide receptor complexes for auxin canalization and regeneration in Arabidopsis (grant \r\n2021/43/I/NZ1/01835) to E.M., and grant I 6123-B to J.F.","external_id":{"pmid":["39079770"],"isi":["001375335200001"]},"month":"12","oa_version":"Submitted Version","publisher":"Elsevier","das_tickbox":"0","doi":"10.1016/j.tplants.2024.07.008","day":"01","date_published":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","scopus_import":"1","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Lateral root (LR) formation, that is vital for plant development, is one of many auxin-modulated processes, but the underlying regulatory mechanism is not yet fully known. Recently, \r\nGonzález-García et al. discovered the BiAux compound and showed that it is involved in LR development via regulating specific auxin coreceptors."}],"publication":"Trends in Plant Science","date_created":"2024-08-04T22:01:22Z","year":"2024","citation":{"short":"B. Wójcikowska, J. Friml, E. Mazur, Trends in Plant Science 29 (2024) 1279–1281.","ieee":"B. Wójcikowska, J. Friml, and E. Mazur, “BiAux, a newly discovered compound triggering auxin signaling,” <i>Trends in Plant Science</i>, vol. 29, no. 12. Elsevier, pp. 1279–1281, 2024.","mla":"Wójcikowska, Barbara, et al. “BiAux, a Newly Discovered Compound Triggering Auxin Signaling.” <i>Trends in Plant Science</i>, vol. 29, no. 12, Elsevier, 2024, pp. 1279–81, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2024.07.008\">10.1016/j.tplants.2024.07.008</a>.","chicago":"Wójcikowska, Barbara, Jiří Friml, and Ewa Mazur. “BiAux, a Newly Discovered Compound Triggering Auxin Signaling.” <i>Trends in Plant Science</i>. Elsevier, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2024.07.008\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2024.07.008</a>.","apa":"Wójcikowska, B., Friml, J., &#38; Mazur, E. (2024). BiAux, a newly discovered compound triggering auxin signaling. <i>Trends in Plant Science</i>. Elsevier. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2024.07.008\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2024.07.008</a>","ista":"Wójcikowska B, Friml J, Mazur E. 2024. BiAux, a newly discovered compound triggering auxin signaling. Trends in Plant Science. 29(12), 1279–1281.","ama":"Wójcikowska B, Friml J, Mazur E. BiAux, a newly discovered compound triggering auxin signaling. <i>Trends in Plant Science</i>. 2024;29(12):1279-1281. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2024.07.008\">10.1016/j.tplants.2024.07.008</a>"},"date_updated":"2026-10-15T08:27:18Z","author":[{"full_name":"Wójcikowska, Barbara","first_name":"Barbara","last_name":"Wójcikowska"},{"full_name":"Friml, Jiří","orcid":"0000-0002-8302-7596","id":"4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Jiří","last_name":"Friml"},{"full_name":"Mazur, Ewa","last_name":"Mazur","first_name":"Ewa"}]},{"external_id":{"pmid":["38656499"]},"oa_version":"None","month":"04","publisher":"Springer Nature","_id":"15361","department":[{"_id":"JiFr"}],"alternative_title":["Methods in Molecular Biology"],"acknowledgement":"Special thanks to Dr. Marta Zwiewka for the support. Thanks to the Czech Science Foundation GA 20-20860Y for financial aid and support of A.S.S., respectively. Thanks go to Core Facility Cellular Imaging (CELLIM), and Plant Sciences Core Facility of CEITEC Masaryk University is acknowledged for the technical support.","pmid":1,"quality_controlled":"1","volume":2787,"researchdata_availability":"no","publication_identifier":{"isbn":["9781071637777"],"eissn":["1940-6029"]},"intvolume":"      2787","date_updated":"2026-10-15T08:09:43Z","author":[{"full_name":"Jayasree, Aswathy","first_name":"Aswathy","last_name":"Jayasree"},{"first_name":"Hymavathi","last_name":"Salava","full_name":"Salava, Hymavathi"},{"full_name":"Nodzynski, Tomasz","first_name":"Tomasz","last_name":"Nodzynski"},{"orcid":"0000-0001-6925-6950","full_name":"Sravankumar, Thula","last_name":"Sravankumar","first_name":"Thula","id":"055b7938-0b72-11ef-94eb-d14136011bb5"}],"publication":"Plant Functional Genomics","year":"2024","series_title":"MIMB","date_created":"2024-05-05T22:01:04Z","citation":{"chicago":"Jayasree, Aswathy, Hymavathi Salava, Tomasz Nodzynski, and Thula Sravankumar. “Protein-Protein Interactions Visualized by Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation in Arabidopsis Thaliana Protoplasts from Leaf.” In <i>Plant Functional Genomics</i>, edited by Fatemeh Maghuly, 2787:305–13. MIMB. Springer Nature, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-3778-4_21\">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-3778-4_21</a>.","short":"A. Jayasree, H. Salava, T. Nodzynski, T. Sravankumar, in:, F. Maghuly (Ed.), Plant Functional Genomics, Springer Nature, 2024, pp. 305–313.","ieee":"A. Jayasree, H. Salava, T. Nodzynski, and T. Sravankumar, “Protein-Protein Interactions Visualized by Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation in Arabidopsis thaliana Protoplasts from Leaf,” in <i>Plant Functional Genomics</i>, vol. 2787, F. Maghuly, Ed. Springer Nature, 2024, pp. 305–313.","mla":"Jayasree, Aswathy, et al. “Protein-Protein Interactions Visualized by Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation in Arabidopsis Thaliana Protoplasts from Leaf.” <i>Plant Functional Genomics</i>, edited by Fatemeh Maghuly, vol. 2787, Springer Nature, 2024, pp. 305–13, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-3778-4_21\">10.1007/978-1-0716-3778-4_21</a>.","ama":"Jayasree A, Salava H, Nodzynski T, Sravankumar T. Protein-Protein Interactions Visualized by Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation in Arabidopsis thaliana Protoplasts from Leaf. In: Maghuly F, ed. <i>Plant Functional Genomics</i>. Vol 2787. MIMB. Springer Nature; 2024:305-313. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-3778-4_21\">10.1007/978-1-0716-3778-4_21</a>","ista":"Jayasree A, Salava H, Nodzynski T, Sravankumar T. 2024.Protein-Protein Interactions Visualized by Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation in Arabidopsis thaliana Protoplasts from Leaf. In: Plant Functional Genomics. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol. 2787, 305–313.","apa":"Jayasree, A., Salava, H., Nodzynski, T., &#38; Sravankumar, T. (2024). Protein-Protein Interactions Visualized by Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation in Arabidopsis thaliana Protoplasts from Leaf. In F. Maghuly (Ed.), <i>Plant Functional Genomics</i> (Vol. 2787, pp. 305–313). Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-3778-4_21\">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-3778-4_21</a>"},"doi":"10.1007/978-1-0716-3778-4_21","editor":[{"full_name":"Maghuly, Fatemeh","first_name":"Fatemeh","last_name":"Maghuly"}],"date_published":"2024-04-25T00:00:00Z","day":"25","abstract":[{"text":"Bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) is a powerful tool for studying protein-protein interactions in living cells. By fusing interacting proteins to fluorescent protein fragments, BiFC allows visualization of spatial localization patterns of protein complexes. This method has been adapted to a variety of expression systems in different organisms and is widely used to study protein interactions in plant cells. The Agrobacterium-mediated transient expression protocol for BiFC assays in Nicotiana benthamiana (N. benthamiana) leaf cells is widely used, but in this chapter, a method for BiFC assay using Arabidopsis thaliana protoplasts is presented.","lang":"eng"}],"scopus_import":"1","das_tickbox":"0","article_processing_charge":"No","page":"305-313","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"supplementarymaterial":"no","status":"public","type":"book_chapter","title":"Protein-Protein Interactions Visualized by Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation in Arabidopsis thaliana Protoplasts from Leaf","publication_status":"published","fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-3778-4_21"},{"abstract":[{"text":"Local wound signaling in plants informs the surrounding tissues about an injury and initiates the regeneration process. In a recent paper published in Cell, Yang and colleagues show the involvement of a single Pep family member from tomato in wound signaling and how exogenous application of this regeneration factor enhances transformation efficiency in crops.","lang":"eng"}],"scopus_import":"1","day":"01","date_published":"2024-11-01T00:00:00Z","doi":"10.1038/s41422-024-01035-x","das_tickbox":"0","author":[{"id":"2EEE7A2A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Lukas","last_name":"Hörmayer","full_name":"Hörmayer, Lukas","orcid":"0000-0001-8295-2926"},{"id":"4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Jiří","last_name":"Friml","full_name":"Friml, Jiří","orcid":"0000-0002-8302-7596"}],"date_updated":"2026-10-15T08:23:58Z","citation":{"chicago":"Hörmayer, Lukas, and Jiří Friml. “Feeling the Danger: Local Wound Signaling in Plants.” <i>Cell Research</i>. Springer Nature, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41422-024-01035-x\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41422-024-01035-x</a>.","mla":"Hörmayer, Lukas, and Jiří Friml. “Feeling the Danger: Local Wound Signaling in Plants.” <i>Cell Research</i>, vol. 34, Springer Nature, 2024, pp. 761–62, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41422-024-01035-x\">10.1038/s41422-024-01035-x</a>.","short":"L. Hörmayer, J. Friml, Cell Research 34 (2024) 761–762.","ieee":"L. Hörmayer and J. Friml, “Feeling the danger: Local wound signaling in plants,” <i>Cell Research</i>, vol. 34. Springer Nature, pp. 761–762, 2024.","ama":"Hörmayer L, Friml J. Feeling the danger: Local wound signaling in plants. <i>Cell Research</i>. 2024;34:761-762. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41422-024-01035-x\">10.1038/s41422-024-01035-x</a>","ista":"Hörmayer L, Friml J. 2024. Feeling the danger: Local wound signaling in plants. Cell Research. 34, 761–762.","apa":"Hörmayer, L., &#38; Friml, J. (2024). Feeling the danger: Local wound signaling in plants. <i>Cell Research</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41422-024-01035-x\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41422-024-01035-x</a>"},"date_created":"2024-10-13T22:01:51Z","year":"2024","publication":"Cell Research","quality_controlled":"1","pmid":1,"intvolume":"        34","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1748-7838"],"issn":["1001-0602"]},"article_type":"original","volume":34,"researchdata_availability":"no","publisher":"Springer Nature","month":"11","oa_version":"None","external_id":{"pmid":["39354142"],"isi":["001326684200001"]},"department":[{"_id":"JiFr"}],"_id":"18311","publication_status":"published","title":"Feeling the danger: Local wound signaling in plants","isi":1,"fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41422-024-01035-x","status":"public","type":"journal_article","OA_type":"closed access","supplementarymaterial":"no","corr_author":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"page":"761-762","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345"},{"supplementarymaterial":"yes","corr_author":"1","keyword":["General Immunology and Microbiology","General Biochemistry","Genetics and Molecular Biology","General Medicine","General Neuroscience"],"has_accepted_license":"1","article_processing_charge":"Yes","file_date_updated":"2024-04-03T13:18:00Z","oa":1,"related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","id":"22984","relation":"dissertation_contains"}],"link":[{"description":"News on ISTA website","relation":"press_release","url":"https://ista.ac.at/en/news/beneath-the-surface/"}]},"dataavailabilitystatement":"All data generated in this study are included as a manuscript supporting files.","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"title":"Rapid translocation of NGR proteins driving polarization of PIN-activating D6 protein kinase during root gravitropism","file":[{"file_size":11451904,"file_id":"15288","creator":"dernst","checksum":"a73a84d3bf97a6d09d24308ca6dd0a0c","date_updated":"2024-04-03T13:18:00Z","success":1,"relation":"main_file","date_created":"2024-04-03T13:18:00Z","content_type":"application/pdf","access_level":"open_access","file_name":"2024_eLife_Kulich.pdf"}],"project":[{"_id":"261099A6-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"742985","name":"Tracing Evolution of Auxin Transport and Polarity in Plants","call_identifier":"H2020"},{"name":"Molecular mechanisms of endocytic cargo recognition in plants","_id":"26538374-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"I03630","call_identifier":"FWF"}],"publication_status":"published","fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.91523","status":"public","type":"journal_article","ddc":["580"],"ec_funded":1,"pmid":1,"article_number":"91523","quality_controlled":"1","researchdata_availability":"yes (supplementary data)","volume":12,"article_type":"original","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2050-084X"]},"intvolume":"        12","external_id":{"pmid":["38441122"]},"month":"03","oa_version":"Published Version","publisher":"eLife Sciences Publications","_id":"15257","department":[{"_id":"JiFr"}],"acknowledgement":"The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme grant agreement No 742985 and Austrian Science Fund (FWF): I3630-775 B25 to J.F. This research was also supported by the Lab Support Facility (LSF) and the Imaging and Optics Facility (IOF) of IST Austria, namely Tereza Bělinová for her help with the imaging. JS was supported by FemTECH fellowship.","doi":"10.7554/elife.91523","date_published":"2024-03-05T00:00:00Z","day":"05","DOAJ_listed":"1","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Root gravitropic bending represents a fundamental aspect of terrestrial plant physiology. Gravity is perceived by sedimentation of starch-rich plastids (statoliths) to the bottom of the central root cap cells. Following gravity perception, intercellular auxin transport is redirected downwards leading to an asymmetric auxin accumulation at the lower root side causing inhibition of cell expansion, ultimately resulting in downwards bending. How gravity-induced statoliths repositioning is translated into asymmetric auxin distribution remains unclear despite PIN auxin efflux carriers and the Negative Gravitropic Response of roots (NGR) proteins polarize along statolith sedimentation, thus providing a plausible mechanism for auxin flow redirection. In this study, using a functional NGR1-GFP construct, we visualized the NGR1 localization on the statolith surface and plasma membrane (PM) domains in close proximity to the statoliths, correlating with their movements. We determined that NGR1 binding to these PM domains is indispensable for NGR1 functionality and relies on cysteine acylation and adjacent polybasic regions as well as on lipid and sterol PM composition. Detailed timing of the early events following graviperception suggested that both NGR1 repolarization and initial auxin asymmetry precede the visible PIN3 polarization. This discrepancy motivated us to unveil a rapid, NGR-dependent translocation of PIN-activating AGCVIII kinase D6PK towards lower PMs of gravity-perceiving cells, thus providing an attractive model for rapid redirection of auxin fluxes following gravistimulation."}],"scopus_import":"1","das_tickbox":"1","acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"LifeSc"},{"_id":"Bio"}],"date_updated":"2026-10-15T08:30:04Z","author":[{"full_name":"Kulich, Ivan","last_name":"Kulich","first_name":"Ivan","id":"57a1567c-8314-11eb-9063-c9ddc3451a54"},{"full_name":"Schmid, Julia","last_name":"Schmid","first_name":"Julia","id":"07cf4637-baaf-11ee-9227-e1de57d1d69b"},{"last_name":"Teplova","id":"e3736151-106c-11ec-b916-c2558e2762c6","first_name":"Anastasiia","full_name":"Teplova, Anastasiia"},{"id":"44B04502-A9ED-11E9-B6FC-583AE6697425","first_name":"Linlin","last_name":"Qi","full_name":"Qi, Linlin","orcid":"0000-0001-5187-8401"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-8302-7596","full_name":"Friml, Jiří","last_name":"Friml","id":"4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Jiří"}],"publication":"eLife","year":"2024","date_created":"2024-04-02T11:35:58Z","citation":{"apa":"Kulich, I., Schmid, J., Teplova, A., Qi, L., &#38; Friml, J. (2024). Rapid translocation of NGR proteins driving polarization of PIN-activating D6 protein kinase during root gravitropism. <i>ELife</i>. eLife Sciences Publications. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.91523\">https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.91523</a>","ama":"Kulich I, Schmid J, Teplova A, Qi L, Friml J. Rapid translocation of NGR proteins driving polarization of PIN-activating D6 protein kinase during root gravitropism. <i>eLife</i>. 2024;12. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.91523\">10.7554/elife.91523</a>","ista":"Kulich I, Schmid J, Teplova A, Qi L, Friml J. 2024. Rapid translocation of NGR proteins driving polarization of PIN-activating D6 protein kinase during root gravitropism. eLife. 12, 91523.","short":"I. Kulich, J. Schmid, A. Teplova, L. Qi, J. Friml, ELife 12 (2024).","ieee":"I. Kulich, J. Schmid, A. Teplova, L. Qi, and J. Friml, “Rapid translocation of NGR proteins driving polarization of PIN-activating D6 protein kinase during root gravitropism,” <i>eLife</i>, vol. 12. eLife Sciences Publications, 2024.","mla":"Kulich, Ivan, et al. “Rapid Translocation of NGR Proteins Driving Polarization of PIN-Activating D6 Protein Kinase during Root Gravitropism.” <i>ELife</i>, vol. 12, 91523, eLife Sciences Publications, 2024, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.91523\">10.7554/elife.91523</a>.","chicago":"Kulich, Ivan, Julia Schmid, Anastasiia Teplova, Linlin Qi, and Jiří Friml. “Rapid Translocation of NGR Proteins Driving Polarization of PIN-Activating D6 Protein Kinase during Root Gravitropism.” <i>ELife</i>. eLife Sciences Publications, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.91523\">https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.91523</a>."}},{"supplementarymaterial":"yes","corr_author":"1","oa":1,"related_material":{"link":[{"description":"News on ISTA website","relation":"press_release","url":"https://ista.ac.at/en/news/how-plants-heal-wounds/"}]},"file_date_updated":"2024-08-20T11:22:16Z","has_accepted_license":"1","article_processing_charge":"Yes (via OA deal)","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","page":"1333-1344.e4","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"dataavailabilitystatement":"All data reported in this paper will be shared by the lead contact upon request.\r\n\r\nThis paper does not report original code.\r\n\r\nAny additional information required to reanalyze the data reported in this paper is available from the lead contact upon request.","file":[{"relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2024-08-20T11:22:16Z","success":1,"date_created":"2024-08-20T11:22:16Z","content_type":"application/pdf","file_name":"2024_DevelopmentalCell_Hoermayer.pdf","access_level":"open_access","file_id":"17452","file_size":5195262,"creator":"dernst","checksum":"22b374fb50a40d380b7686c84258d271"}],"title":"Mechanical forces in plant tissue matrix orient cell divisions via microtubule stabilization","project":[{"call_identifier":"H2020","name":"Tracing Evolution of Auxin Transport and Polarity in Plants","grant_number":"742985","_id":"261099A6-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"},{"call_identifier":"FWF","name":"RNA-directed DNA methylation in plant development","_id":"262EF96E-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"P29988"}],"publication_status":"published","isi":1,"fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2024.03.009","status":"public","ddc":["570"],"ec_funded":1,"type":"journal_article","quality_controlled":"1","pmid":1,"issue":"10","intvolume":"        59","volume":59,"researchdata_availability":"upon request","article_type":"original","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1878-1551"],"issn":["1534-5807"]},"oa_version":"Published Version","month":"05","publisher":"Elsevier","external_id":{"isi":["001301584600001"],"pmid":["38579717"]},"acknowledgement":"We are thankful to Simon Gilroy, Alexander Jones, and Lieven De Veylder for sharing published material. We thank the Imaging & Optics and Life Science Facilities at IST Austria, the Biooptics facility at GMI, and the Cellular Imaging Facility at DBMV UNIL for providing invaluable assistance. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC grant agreement no. 742985, from the FWF under the stand-alone grant P29988, and from EMBO (ALTF 253-2023).","_id":"15301","department":[{"_id":"JiFr"},{"_id":"EvBe"},{"_id":"CaHe"}],"scopus_import":"1","abstract":[{"text":"Plant morphogenesis relies exclusively on oriented cell expansion and division. Nonetheless, the mechanism(s) determining division plane orientation remain elusive. Here, we studied tissue healing after laser-assisted wounding in roots of Arabidopsis thaliana and uncovered how mechanical forces stabilize and reorient the microtubule cytoskeleton for the orientation of cell division. We identified that root tissue functions as an interconnected cell matrix, with a radial gradient of tissue extendibility causing predictable tissue deformation after wounding. This deformation causes instant redirection of expansion in the surrounding cells and reorientation of microtubule arrays, ultimately predicting cell division orientation. Microtubules are destabilized under low tension, whereas stretching of cells, either through wounding or external aspiration, immediately induces their polymerization. The higher microtubule abundance in the stretched cell parts leads to the reorientation of microtubule arrays and, ultimately, informs cell division planes. This provides a long-sought mechanism for flexible re-arrangement of cell divisions by mechanical forces for tissue reconstruction and plant architecture.","lang":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1016/j.devcel.2024.03.009","date_published":"2024-05-20T00:00:00Z","day":"20","acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"Bio"},{"_id":"LifeSc"}],"das_tickbox":"1","author":[{"first_name":"Lukas","id":"2EEE7A2A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Hörmayer","full_name":"Hörmayer, Lukas","orcid":"0000-0001-8295-2926"},{"last_name":"Montesinos López","id":"310A8E3E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Juan C","orcid":"0000-0001-9179-6099","full_name":"Montesinos López, Juan C"},{"full_name":"Trozzi, N","last_name":"Trozzi","first_name":"N"},{"last_name":"Spona","first_name":"Leonhard","id":"b52391fb-f636-11ee-939c-8a8c47552e8a","full_name":"Spona, Leonhard"},{"full_name":"Yoshida, Saiko","orcid":"0000-0001-6111-9353","id":"2E46069C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Saiko","last_name":"Yoshida"},{"first_name":"Petra","id":"44E59624-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Marhavá","full_name":"Marhavá, Petra"},{"last_name":"Caballero Mancebo","id":"2F1E1758-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Silvia","orcid":"0000-0002-5223-3346","full_name":"Caballero Mancebo, Silvia"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-8510-9739","full_name":"Benková, Eva","last_name":"Benková","first_name":"Eva","id":"38F4F166-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"last_name":"Heisenberg","first_name":"Carl-Philipp J","id":"39427864-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-0912-4566","full_name":"Heisenberg, Carl-Philipp J"},{"full_name":"Dagdas, Y","last_name":"Dagdas","first_name":"Y"},{"first_name":"M","last_name":"Majda","full_name":"Majda, M"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-8302-7596","full_name":"Friml, Jiří","last_name":"Friml","id":"4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Jiří"}],"date_updated":"2026-10-15T08:32:32Z","date_created":"2024-04-08T12:07:57Z","year":"2024","citation":{"apa":"Hörmayer, L., Montesinos López, J. C., Trozzi, N., Spona, L., Yoshida, S., Marhavá, P., … Friml, J. (2024). Mechanical forces in plant tissue matrix orient cell divisions via microtubule stabilization. <i>Developmental Cell</i>. Elsevier. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2024.03.009\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2024.03.009</a>","ama":"Hörmayer L, Montesinos López JC, Trozzi N, et al. Mechanical forces in plant tissue matrix orient cell divisions via microtubule stabilization. <i>Developmental Cell</i>. 2024;59(10):1333-1344.e4. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2024.03.009\">10.1016/j.devcel.2024.03.009</a>","ista":"Hörmayer L, Montesinos López JC, Trozzi N, Spona L, Yoshida S, Marhavá P, Caballero Mancebo S, Benková E, Heisenberg C-PJ, Dagdas Y, Majda M, Friml J. 2024. Mechanical forces in plant tissue matrix orient cell divisions via microtubule stabilization. Developmental Cell. 59(10), 1333–1344.e4.","mla":"Hörmayer, Lukas, et al. “Mechanical Forces in Plant Tissue Matrix Orient Cell Divisions via Microtubule Stabilization.” <i>Developmental Cell</i>, vol. 59, no. 10, Elsevier, 2024, p. 1333–1344.e4, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2024.03.009\">10.1016/j.devcel.2024.03.009</a>.","short":"L. Hörmayer, J.C. Montesinos López, N. Trozzi, L. Spona, S. Yoshida, P. Marhavá, S. Caballero Mancebo, E. Benková, C.-P.J. Heisenberg, Y. Dagdas, M. Majda, J. Friml, Developmental Cell 59 (2024) 1333–1344.e4.","ieee":"L. Hörmayer <i>et al.</i>, “Mechanical forces in plant tissue matrix orient cell divisions via microtubule stabilization,” <i>Developmental Cell</i>, vol. 59, no. 10. Elsevier, p. 1333–1344.e4, 2024.","chicago":"Hörmayer, Lukas, Juan C Montesinos López, N Trozzi, Leonhard Spona, Saiko Yoshida, Petra Marhavá, Silvia Caballero Mancebo, et al. “Mechanical Forces in Plant Tissue Matrix Orient Cell Divisions via Microtubule Stabilization.” <i>Developmental Cell</i>. Elsevier, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2024.03.009\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2024.03.009</a>."},"publication":"Developmental Cell"},{"publication_status":"published","file":[{"file_name":"2024_MolecularPlant_Kralova.pdf","access_level":"open_access","content_type":"application/pdf","date_created":"2024-12-03T11:08:09Z","success":1,"date_updated":"2024-12-03T11:08:09Z","relation":"main_file","checksum":"a11feea4b1677df76b632eca04bfc1dd","creator":"dernst","file_id":"18612","file_size":3308945}],"title":"A decoy receptor derived from alternative splicing fine-tunes cytokinin signaling in Arabidopsis","fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2024.11.001","isi":1,"status":"public","type":"journal_article","OA_type":"hybrid","ddc":["580"],"license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","supplementarymaterial":"yes","OA_place":"publisher","file_date_updated":"2024-12-03T11:08:09Z","article_processing_charge":"Yes (in subscription journal)","has_accepted_license":"1","oa":1,"tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by_nc_nd.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)","short":"CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)"},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"page":"1850-1865","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","day":"02","date_published":"2024-12-02T00:00:00Z","doi":"10.1016/j.molp.2024.11.001","abstract":[{"text":"Hormone perception and signaling pathways have a fundamental regulatory function in the physiological processes of plants. Cytokinins, a class of plant hormones, regulate cell division and meristem maintenance. The cytokinin signaling pathway is well established in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Several negative feedback mechanisms, tightly controlling cytokinin signaling output, have been described previously. In this study, we identified a new feedback mechanism executed through alternative splicing of the cytokinin receptor AHK4/CRE1. A novel splicing variant named CRE1int7 results from seventh intron retention, introducing a premature termination codon in the transcript. We showed that CRE1int7 is translated in planta into a truncated receptor lacking the C-terminal receiver domain essential for signal transduction. CRE1int7 can bind cytokinin but cannot activate the downstream cascade. We present a novel negative feedback mechanism of the cytokinin signaling pathway, facilitated by a decoy receptor that can inactivate canonical cytokinin receptors via dimerization and compete with them for ligand binding. Ensuring proper plant growth and development requires precise control of the cytokinin signaling pathway at several levels. CRE1int7 represents a so-far unknown mechanism for fine-tuning the cytokinin signaling pathway in Arabidopsis.","lang":"eng"}],"scopus_import":"1","das_tickbox":"0","acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"Bio"},{"_id":"LifeSc"}],"date_updated":"2026-10-15T08:30:20Z","author":[{"last_name":"Králová","first_name":"Michaela","full_name":"Králová, Michaela"},{"full_name":"Kubalová, Ivona","last_name":"Kubalová","first_name":"Ivona"},{"full_name":"Hajný, Jakub","last_name":"Hajný","first_name":"Jakub"},{"id":"946011F4-3E71-11EA-860B-C7A73DDC885E","first_name":"Karolina","last_name":"Kubiasova","full_name":"Kubiasova, Karolina","orcid":"0000-0001-5630-9419"},{"last_name":"Vagaská","first_name":"Karolína","full_name":"Vagaská, Karolína"},{"orcid":"0000-0001-9381-3577","full_name":"Ge, Zengxiang","last_name":"Ge","first_name":"Zengxiang","id":"f43371a3-09ff-11eb-8013-bd0c6a2f6de8"},{"orcid":"0000-0003-1286-7368","full_name":"Gallei, Michelle C","last_name":"Gallei","id":"35A03822-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Michelle C"},{"full_name":"Semerádová, Hana","id":"42FE702E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Hana","last_name":"Semerádová"},{"first_name":"Anna","last_name":"Kuchařová","full_name":"Kuchařová, Anna"},{"full_name":"Hönig, Martin","first_name":"Martin","last_name":"Hönig"},{"id":"2DB5D88C-D7B3-11E9-B8FD-7907E6697425","first_name":"Aline","last_name":"Monzer","full_name":"Monzer, Aline"},{"first_name":"Martin","last_name":"Kovačik","full_name":"Kovačik, Martin"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-8302-7596","full_name":"Friml, Jiří","last_name":"Friml","first_name":"Jiří","id":"4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Novák, Ondřej","first_name":"Ondřej","last_name":"Novák"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-8510-9739","full_name":"Benková, Eva","last_name":"Benková","id":"38F4F166-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Eva"},{"first_name":"Yoshihisa","last_name":"Ikeda","full_name":"Ikeda, Yoshihisa"},{"last_name":"Zalabák","first_name":"David","full_name":"Zalabák, David"}],"publication":"Molecular Plant","citation":{"mla":"Králová, Michaela, et al. “A Decoy Receptor Derived from Alternative Splicing Fine-Tunes Cytokinin Signaling in Arabidopsis.” <i>Molecular Plant</i>, vol. 17, no. 12, Elsevier, 2024, pp. 1850–65, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2024.11.001\">10.1016/j.molp.2024.11.001</a>.","ieee":"M. Králová <i>et al.</i>, “A decoy receptor derived from alternative splicing fine-tunes cytokinin signaling in Arabidopsis,” <i>Molecular Plant</i>, vol. 17, no. 12. Elsevier, pp. 1850–1865, 2024.","short":"M. Králová, I. Kubalová, J. Hajný, K. Kubiasova, K. Vagaská, Z. Ge, M.C. Gallei, H. Semerádová, A. Kuchařová, M. Hönig, A. Monzer, M. Kovačik, J. Friml, O. Novák, E. Benková, Y. Ikeda, D. Zalabák, Molecular Plant 17 (2024) 1850–1865.","chicago":"Králová, Michaela, Ivona Kubalová, Jakub Hajný, Karolina Kubiasova, Karolína Vagaská, Zengxiang Ge, Michelle C Gallei, et al. “A Decoy Receptor Derived from Alternative Splicing Fine-Tunes Cytokinin Signaling in Arabidopsis.” <i>Molecular Plant</i>. Elsevier, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2024.11.001\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2024.11.001</a>.","apa":"Králová, M., Kubalová, I., Hajný, J., Kubiasova, K., Vagaská, K., Ge, Z., … Zalabák, D. (2024). A decoy receptor derived from alternative splicing fine-tunes cytokinin signaling in Arabidopsis. <i>Molecular Plant</i>. Elsevier. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2024.11.001\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2024.11.001</a>","ista":"Králová M, Kubalová I, Hajný J, Kubiasova K, Vagaská K, Ge Z, Gallei MC, Semerádová H, Kuchařová A, Hönig M, Monzer A, Kovačik M, Friml J, Novák O, Benková E, Ikeda Y, Zalabák D. 2024. A decoy receptor derived from alternative splicing fine-tunes cytokinin signaling in Arabidopsis. Molecular Plant. 17(12), 1850–1865.","ama":"Králová M, Kubalová I, Hajný J, et al. A decoy receptor derived from alternative splicing fine-tunes cytokinin signaling in Arabidopsis. <i>Molecular Plant</i>. 2024;17(12):1850-1865. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2024.11.001\">10.1016/j.molp.2024.11.001</a>"},"year":"2024","date_created":"2024-11-28T11:13:35Z","issue":"12","pmid":1,"quality_controlled":"1","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1674-2052"]},"article_type":"original","volume":17,"researchdata_availability":"no","intvolume":"        17","external_id":{"pmid":["39501563"],"isi":["001373778300001"]},"publisher":"Elsevier","month":"12","oa_version":"Published Version","department":[{"_id":"JiFr"},{"_id":"EvBe"}],"_id":"18596","acknowledgement":"We dedicate this paper to the deceased Petr Galuszka for his inspiration and support of our project. We thank Prof. Peter Hedden for constructive criticism of the manuscript and English editing. No conflict of interest is declared."},{"date_updated":"2026-10-15T08:38:29Z","author":[{"last_name":"Rangel Guerrero","id":"4871BCE6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Dámaris K","orcid":"0000-0002-8602-4374","full_name":"Rangel Guerrero, Dámaris K"},{"full_name":"Balueva, Kira","last_name":"Balueva","first_name":"Kira"},{"full_name":"Barayeu, Uladzislau","id":"b515be12-ec90-11ea-b966-d0b5e15613d2","first_name":"Uladzislau","last_name":"Barayeu"},{"full_name":"Baracskay, Peter","id":"361CC00E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Peter","last_name":"Baracskay"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-1807-1929","full_name":"Gridchyn, Igor","last_name":"Gridchyn","first_name":"Igor","id":"4B60654C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"orcid":"0000-0001-8849-6570","full_name":"Nardin, Michele","last_name":"Nardin","first_name":"Michele","id":"30BD0376-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"last_name":"Roth","first_name":"Chiara N","id":"37BB4FB6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Roth, Chiara N"},{"full_name":"Wulff, Peer","first_name":"Peer","last_name":"Wulff"},{"full_name":"Csicsvari, Jozsef L","orcid":"0000-0002-5193-4036","id":"3FA14672-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Jozsef L","last_name":"Csicsvari"}],"publication":"Neuron","citation":{"chicago":"Rangel Guerrero, Dámaris K, Kira Balueva, Uladzislau Barayeu, Peter Baracskay, Igor Gridchyn, Michele Nardin, Chiara N Roth, Peer Wulff, and Jozsef L Csicsvari. “Hippocampal Cholecystokinin-Expressing Interneurons Regulate Temporal Coding and Contextual Learning.” <i>Neuron</i>. Cell Press, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2024.03.019\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2024.03.019</a>.","ieee":"D. K. Rangel Guerrero <i>et al.</i>, “Hippocampal cholecystokinin-expressing interneurons regulate temporal coding and contextual learning,” <i>Neuron</i>, vol. 112, no. 12. Cell Press, p. 2045–2061.e10, 2024.","short":"D.K. Rangel Guerrero, K. Balueva, U. Barayeu, P. Baracskay, I. Gridchyn, M. Nardin, C.N. Roth, P. Wulff, J.L. Csicsvari, Neuron 112 (2024) 2045–2061.e10.","mla":"Rangel Guerrero, Dámaris K., et al. “Hippocampal Cholecystokinin-Expressing Interneurons Regulate Temporal Coding and Contextual Learning.” <i>Neuron</i>, vol. 112, no. 12, Cell Press, 2024, p. 2045–2061.e10, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2024.03.019\">10.1016/j.neuron.2024.03.019</a>.","ista":"Rangel Guerrero DK, Balueva K, Barayeu U, Baracskay P, Gridchyn I, Nardin M, Roth CN, Wulff P, Csicsvari JL. 2024. Hippocampal cholecystokinin-expressing interneurons regulate temporal coding and contextual learning. Neuron. 112(12), 2045–2061.e10.","ama":"Rangel Guerrero DK, Balueva K, Barayeu U, et al. Hippocampal cholecystokinin-expressing interneurons regulate temporal coding and contextual learning. <i>Neuron</i>. 2024;112(12):2045-2061.e10. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2024.03.019\">10.1016/j.neuron.2024.03.019</a>","apa":"Rangel Guerrero, D. K., Balueva, K., Barayeu, U., Baracskay, P., Gridchyn, I., Nardin, M., … Csicsvari, J. L. (2024). Hippocampal cholecystokinin-expressing interneurons regulate temporal coding and contextual learning. <i>Neuron</i>. Cell Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2024.03.019\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2024.03.019</a>"},"year":"2024","date_created":"2024-05-12T22:01:03Z","day":"19","date_published":"2024-06-19T00:00:00Z","doi":"10.1016/j.neuron.2024.03.019","abstract":[{"text":"Cholecystokinin-expressing interneurons (CCKIs) are hypothesized to shape pyramidal cell-firing patterns and regulate network oscillations and related network state transitions. To directly probe their role in the CA1 region, we silenced their activity using optogenetic and chemogenetic tools in mice. Opto-tagged CCKIs revealed a heterogeneous population, and their optogenetic silencing triggered wide disinhibitory network changes affecting both pyramidal cells and other interneurons. CCKI silencing enhanced pyramidal cell burst firing and altered the temporal coding of place cells: theta phase precession was disrupted, whereas sequence reactivation was enhanced. Chemogenetic CCKI silencing did not alter the acquisition of spatial reference memories on the Morris water maze but enhanced the recall of contextual fear memories and enabled selective recall when similar environments were tested. This work suggests the key involvement of CCKIs in the control of place-cell temporal coding and the formation of contextual memories.","lang":"eng"}],"scopus_import":"1","das_tickbox":"1","acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"M-Shop"},{"_id":"Bio"},{"_id":"LifeSc"},{"_id":"PreCl"}],"external_id":{"isi":["001300571400001"],"pmid":["38636524"]},"publisher":"Cell Press","oa_version":"Published Version","month":"06","department":[{"_id":"JoCs"}],"_id":"15381","acknowledgement":"We thank the kind donations from Andrea Varro, Brian Sauer, Edward Boyden, and Peter Jonas. We thank Jago Wallenschus, Kerstin Kronenbitter, and Didier Gremelle for outstanding technical support; Laura Bollepalli for initial viral targeting experiments; Cihan Önal for initial electrophysiology experiments; Yoav Ben-Simon for histological advice; and Anton Nikitenko for contributing to the analysis. We acknowledge support from the Miba Machine Shop, Bioimaging-, Life Science- and Pre-Clinical Facilities at ISTA. This work was supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF I3713 to J.C. as part of the FOR 2143 research consortium), the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) (WU 503/2-2 to P.W.), and the Medical Research Council, United Kingdom (grant G1100546/2 to P.W.).","issue":"12","pmid":1,"quality_controlled":"1","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1097-4199"],"issn":["0896-6273"]},"article_type":"original","researchdata_availability":"upon request","volume":112,"intvolume":"       112","status":"public","type":"journal_article","OA_type":"hybrid","ddc":["570"],"publication_status":"published","title":"Hippocampal cholecystokinin-expressing interneurons regulate temporal coding and contextual learning","file":[{"checksum":"de5b18ff293d42bd90e83a193e889844","creator":"dernst","file_size":9149079,"file_id":"18798","access_level":"open_access","file_name":"2024_Neuron_RangelGuerrero.pdf","date_created":"2025-01-09T09:15:31Z","content_type":"application/pdf","success":1,"relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2025-01-09T09:15:31Z"}],"project":[{"call_identifier":"FWF","name":"Interneuro plasticity during spatial learning","grant_number":"I 3713-B27","_id":"2654F984-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"}],"fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2024.03.019","isi":1,"file_date_updated":"2025-01-09T09:15:31Z","has_accepted_license":"1","article_processing_charge":"Yes (via OA deal)","oa":1,"dataavailabilitystatement":"Data reported in this paper can be shared by the lead contact upon justified request.\r\n\r\nThis paper does not report original code.\r\n\r\nAny additional information required to reanalyze the data reported in this work is available from the corresponding authors upon request.","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"page":"2045-2061.e10","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","supplementarymaterial":"yes","corr_author":"1","OA_place":"publisher"},{"arxiv":1,"fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.14.031030","isi":1,"publication_status":"published","title":"Bilayer crystals of trapped ions for quantum information processing","file":[{"file_id":"17757","file_size":3909653,"checksum":"5d39b7dda67fd7b9a960235f6f38e280","creator":"cchlebak","date_updated":"2024-09-06T09:43:53Z","relation":"main_file","success":1,"access_level":"open_access","file_name":"2024_PhysRevX_Hawaldar.pdf","content_type":"application/pdf","date_created":"2024-09-06T09:43:53Z"}],"type":"journal_article","ddc":["530"],"status":"public","corr_author":"1","supplementarymaterial":"yes","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","file_date_updated":"2024-09-06T09:43:53Z","article_processing_charge":"Yes","has_accepted_license":"1","oa":1,"das_tickbox":"0","DOAJ_listed":"1","date_published":"2024-08-16T00:00:00Z","day":"16","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevX.14.031030","scopus_import":"1","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Trapped-ion systems are a leading platform for quantum information processing, but they are currently limited to 1D and 2D arrays, which imposes restrictions on both their scalability and their range of applications. Here, we propose a path to overcome this limitation by demonstrating that Penning traps can be used to realize remarkably clean bilayer crystals, wherein hundreds of ions self-organize into two well-defined layers. These bilayer crystals are made possible by the inclusion of an anharmonic trapping potential, which is readily implementable with current technology. We study the normal modes of this system and discover salient differences compared to the modes of single-plane crystals. The bilayer geometry and the unique properties of the normal modes open new opportunities—in particular, in quantum sensing and quantum simulation—that are not straightforward in single-plane crystals. Furthermore, we illustrate that it may be possible to extend the ideas presented here to realize multilayer crystals with more than two layers. Our work increases the dimensionality of trapped-ion systems by efficiently utilizing all three spatial dimensions, and it lays the foundation for a new generation of quantum information processing experiments with multilayer 3D crystals of trapped ions."}],"publication":"Physical Review X","citation":{"chicago":"Hawaldar, Samarth, Prakriti Shahi, Allison L. Carter, Ana Maria Rey, John J. Bollinger, and Athreya Shankar. “Bilayer Crystals of Trapped Ions for Quantum Information Processing.” <i>Physical Review X</i>. American Physical Society, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.14.031030\">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.14.031030</a>.","mla":"Hawaldar, Samarth, et al. “Bilayer Crystals of Trapped Ions for Quantum Information Processing.” <i>Physical Review X</i>, vol. 14, no. 3, 031030, American Physical Society, 2024, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.14.031030\">10.1103/PhysRevX.14.031030</a>.","ieee":"S. Hawaldar, P. Shahi, A. L. Carter, A. M. Rey, J. J. Bollinger, and A. Shankar, “Bilayer crystals of trapped ions for quantum information processing,” <i>Physical Review X</i>, vol. 14, no. 3. American Physical Society, 2024.","short":"S. Hawaldar, P. Shahi, A.L. Carter, A.M. Rey, J.J. Bollinger, A. Shankar, Physical Review X 14 (2024).","ama":"Hawaldar S, Shahi P, Carter AL, Rey AM, Bollinger JJ, Shankar A. Bilayer crystals of trapped ions for quantum information processing. <i>Physical Review X</i>. 2024;14(3). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.14.031030\">10.1103/PhysRevX.14.031030</a>","ista":"Hawaldar S, Shahi P, Carter AL, Rey AM, Bollinger JJ, Shankar A. 2024. Bilayer crystals of trapped ions for quantum information processing. Physical Review X. 14(3), 031030.","apa":"Hawaldar, S., Shahi, P., Carter, A. L., Rey, A. M., Bollinger, J. J., &#38; Shankar, A. (2024). Bilayer crystals of trapped ions for quantum information processing. <i>Physical Review X</i>. American Physical Society. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.14.031030\">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.14.031030</a>"},"year":"2024","date_created":"2024-09-01T22:01:08Z","date_updated":"2026-10-15T09:06:46Z","author":[{"full_name":"Hawaldar, Samarth","orcid":"0000-0002-1965-4309","first_name":"Samarth","id":"221708e1-1ff6-11ee-9fa6-85146607433e","last_name":"Hawaldar"},{"first_name":"Prakriti","last_name":"Shahi","full_name":"Shahi, Prakriti"},{"full_name":"Carter, Allison L.","first_name":"Allison L.","last_name":"Carter"},{"last_name":"Rey","first_name":"Ana Maria","full_name":"Rey, Ana Maria"},{"full_name":"Bollinger, John J.","first_name":"John J.","last_name":"Bollinger"},{"full_name":"Shankar, Athreya","first_name":"Athreya","last_name":"Shankar"}],"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2160-3308"]},"article_type":"original","researchdata_availability":"no","volume":14,"intvolume":"        14","issue":"3","article_number":"031030","quality_controlled":"1","department":[{"_id":"JoFi"}],"_id":"17477","acknowledgement":"We thank M. Miskeen Khan, Jennifer Lilieholm, and Wes Johnson for a careful reading and feedback on the manuscript. We acknowledge discussions with Dan Dubin, John Zaris, and Scott Parker. S. H. acknowledges the support of Kishore Vaigyanik Protsahan Yojana, Department of Science and Technology, Government of India. A. S. acknowledges the support of a C. V. Raman post-doctoral fellowship. A. L. C., A. M. R., and J. J. B. acknowledge funding from the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, NQI Science Research Centers, Quantum Systems Accelerator (QSA), a collaboration between the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science and other agencies. A. M. R. acknowledges additional support from VBFF, ARO Grant No. W911NF-24-1-0128, by the NSF Grants No. JILA-PFC PHY-2317149 and No. QLCI-OMA-2016244, and by NIST. J. J. B. acknowledges additional support from the DARPA ONISQ program and AFOSR Grant No. FA9550-201-0019.","external_id":{"isi":["001293977800002"],"arxiv":["2312.10681"]},"publisher":"American Physical Society","month":"08","oa_version":"Published Version"},{"supplementarymaterial":"yes","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","dataavailabilitystatement":"Data published in this manuscript are available upon request.\r\n\r\nAll the original code has been deposited at Zenodo: https://zenodo.org/records/11125633. The DOI is listed in the key resources table.\r\n\r\nAny additional information required to reanalyze the data reported in this paper is available upon request.","oa":1,"article_processing_charge":"Yes (in subscription journal)","file_date_updated":"2024-06-03T07:12:45Z","has_accepted_license":"1","isi":1,"fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114276","publication_status":"published","title":"Phase locking of hippocampal CA3 neurons to distal CA1 theta oscillations selectively predicts memory performance","file":[{"file_name":"2024_CellReports_Ku.pdf","access_level":"open_access","content_type":"application/pdf","date_created":"2024-06-03T07:12:45Z","relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2024-06-03T07:12:45Z","success":1,"checksum":"9b43f8ca5e5a12ae96e3fb9df06385c1","creator":"dernst","file_size":4371015,"file_id":"17096"}],"ddc":["570"],"type":"journal_article","status":"public","intvolume":"        43","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2211-1247"]},"article_type":"original","researchdata_availability":"upon request","volume":43,"quality_controlled":"1","issue":"6","article_number":"114276","acknowledgement":"We would like to thank J. Maiwald for her assistance in animal behavior training, experiments, and brain slice preparation; D. Koch for her assistance in recording drive building and brain slicing; K. Kaefer and J. Wallenschus (IST Austria) for their initial technical support; S. Mikulovich for her comments on an early version of the manuscript; C. Reichert for his comments on SVM analyses; and J. Pakan for English proofreading. This project is funded by the DFG (CRC 779 and CRC 1436).","department":[{"_id":"JoCs"}],"_id":"17089","publisher":"Elsevier","oa_version":"Published Version","month":"06","external_id":{"isi":["001252792600001"]},"das_tickbox":"1","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"How the coordination of neuronal spiking and brain rhythms between hippocampal subregions supports memory function remains elusive. We studied the interregional coordination of CA3 neuronal spiking with CA1 theta oscillations by recording electrophysiological signals along the proximodistal axis of the hippocampus in rats that were performing a high-memory-demand recognition memory task adapted from humans. We found that CA3 population spiking occurs preferentially at the peak of distal CA1 theta oscillations when memory was tested but only when previously encountered stimuli were presented. In addition, decoding analyses revealed that only population cell firing of proximal CA3 together with that of distal CA1 can predict performance at test in the present non-spatial task. Overall, our work demonstrates an important role for the synchronization of CA3 neuronal activity with CA1 theta oscillations during memory testing."}],"scopus_import":"1","date_published":"2024-06-25T00:00:00Z","day":"25","doi":"10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114276","citation":{"apa":"Ku, S. P., Atucha, E., Alavi, N., Mulla-Osman, H., Kayumova, R., Yoshida, M., … Sauvage, M. M. (2024). Phase locking of hippocampal CA3 neurons to distal CA1 theta oscillations selectively predicts memory performance. <i>Cell Reports</i>. Elsevier. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114276\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114276</a>","ama":"Ku SP, Atucha E, Alavi N, et al. Phase locking of hippocampal CA3 neurons to distal CA1 theta oscillations selectively predicts memory performance. <i>Cell Reports</i>. 2024;43(6). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114276\">10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114276</a>","ista":"Ku SP, Atucha E, Alavi N, Mulla-Osman H, Kayumova R, Yoshida M, Csicsvari JL, Sauvage MM. 2024. Phase locking of hippocampal CA3 neurons to distal CA1 theta oscillations selectively predicts memory performance. Cell Reports. 43(6), 114276.","short":"S.P. Ku, E. Atucha, N. Alavi, H. Mulla-Osman, R. Kayumova, M. Yoshida, J.L. Csicsvari, M.M. Sauvage, Cell Reports 43 (2024).","ieee":"S. P. Ku <i>et al.</i>, “Phase locking of hippocampal CA3 neurons to distal CA1 theta oscillations selectively predicts memory performance,” <i>Cell Reports</i>, vol. 43, no. 6. Elsevier, 2024.","mla":"Ku, Shih Pi, et al. “Phase Locking of Hippocampal CA3 Neurons to Distal CA1 Theta Oscillations Selectively Predicts Memory Performance.” <i>Cell Reports</i>, vol. 43, no. 6, 114276, Elsevier, 2024, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114276\">10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114276</a>.","chicago":"Ku, Shih Pi, Erika Atucha, Nico Alavi, Halla Mulla-Osman, Rukhshona Kayumova, Motoharu Yoshida, Jozsef L Csicsvari, and Magdalena M. Sauvage. “Phase Locking of Hippocampal CA3 Neurons to Distal CA1 Theta Oscillations Selectively Predicts Memory Performance.” <i>Cell Reports</i>. Elsevier, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114276\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114276</a>."},"year":"2024","date_created":"2024-06-02T22:00:56Z","publication":"Cell Reports","author":[{"last_name":"Ku","first_name":"Shih Pi","full_name":"Ku, Shih Pi"},{"last_name":"Atucha","first_name":"Erika","full_name":"Atucha, Erika"},{"full_name":"Alavi, Nico","first_name":"Nico","last_name":"Alavi"},{"last_name":"Mulla-Osman","first_name":"Halla","full_name":"Mulla-Osman, Halla"},{"first_name":"Rukhshona","last_name":"Kayumova","full_name":"Kayumova, Rukhshona"},{"last_name":"Yoshida","first_name":"Motoharu","full_name":"Yoshida, Motoharu"},{"full_name":"Csicsvari, Jozsef L","orcid":"0000-0002-5193-4036","id":"3FA14672-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Jozsef L","last_name":"Csicsvari"},{"full_name":"Sauvage, Magdalena M.","last_name":"Sauvage","first_name":"Magdalena M."}],"date_updated":"2026-10-15T08:37:28Z"},{"das_tickbox":"0","scopus_import":"1","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"We present a cavity-electromechanical system comprising a superconducting quantum interference device which is embedded in a microwave resonator and coupled via a pickup loop to a 6-μ⁢g magnetically levitated superconducting sphere. The motion of the sphere in the magnetic trap induces a frequency shift in the SQUID-cavity system. We use microwave spectroscopy to characterize the system, and we demonstrate that the electromechanical interaction is tunable. The measured displacement sensitivity of 10−7m/√Hz defines a path towards ground-state cooling of levitated particles with Planck-scale masses at millikelvin environment temperatures."}],"doi":"10.1103/PhysRevApplied.22.014078","date_published":"2024-07-30T00:00:00Z","day":"30","date_created":"2024-08-11T22:01:12Z","year":"2024","citation":{"ieee":"P. Schmidt <i>et al.</i>, “Remote sensing of a levitated superconductor with a flux-tunable microwave cavity,” <i>Physical Review Applied</i>, vol. 22. American Physical Society, 2024.","short":"P. Schmidt, R. Claessen, G. Higgins, J. Hofer, J.J. Hansen, P. Asenbaum, M. Zemlicka, K. Uhl, R. Kleiner, R. Gross, H. Huebl, M. Trupke, M. Aspelmeyer, Physical Review Applied 22 (2024).","mla":"Schmidt, Philip, et al. “Remote Sensing of a Levitated Superconductor with a Flux-Tunable Microwave Cavity.” <i>Physical Review Applied</i>, vol. 22, 014078, American Physical Society, 2024, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.22.014078\">10.1103/PhysRevApplied.22.014078</a>.","chicago":"Schmidt, Philip, Remi Claessen, Gerard Higgins, Joachim Hofer, Jannek J. Hansen, Peter Asenbaum, Martin Zemlicka, et al. “Remote Sensing of a Levitated Superconductor with a Flux-Tunable Microwave Cavity.” <i>Physical Review Applied</i>. American Physical Society, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.22.014078\">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.22.014078</a>.","apa":"Schmidt, P., Claessen, R., Higgins, G., Hofer, J., Hansen, J. J., Asenbaum, P., … Aspelmeyer, M. (2024). Remote sensing of a levitated superconductor with a flux-tunable microwave cavity. <i>Physical Review Applied</i>. American Physical Society. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.22.014078\">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.22.014078</a>","ista":"Schmidt P, Claessen R, Higgins G, Hofer J, Hansen JJ, Asenbaum P, Zemlicka M, Uhl K, Kleiner R, Gross R, Huebl H, Trupke M, Aspelmeyer M. 2024. Remote sensing of a levitated superconductor with a flux-tunable microwave cavity. Physical Review Applied. 22, 014078.","ama":"Schmidt P, Claessen R, Higgins G, et al. Remote sensing of a levitated superconductor with a flux-tunable microwave cavity. <i>Physical Review Applied</i>. 2024;22. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.22.014078\">10.1103/PhysRevApplied.22.014078</a>"},"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2401.08854","open_access":"1"}],"publication":"Physical Review Applied","author":[{"first_name":"Philip","last_name":"Schmidt","full_name":"Schmidt, Philip"},{"full_name":"Claessen, Remi","first_name":"Remi","last_name":"Claessen"},{"first_name":"Gerard","last_name":"Higgins","full_name":"Higgins, Gerard"},{"last_name":"Hofer","first_name":"Joachim","full_name":"Hofer, Joachim"},{"full_name":"Hansen, Jannek J.","first_name":"Jannek J.","last_name":"Hansen"},{"last_name":"Asenbaum","first_name":"Peter","full_name":"Asenbaum, Peter"},{"full_name":"Zemlicka, Martin","orcid":"0009-0005-0878-3032","id":"2DCF8DE6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Martin","last_name":"Zemlicka"},{"last_name":"Uhl","first_name":"Kevin","full_name":"Uhl, Kevin"},{"full_name":"Kleiner, Reinhold","first_name":"Reinhold","last_name":"Kleiner"},{"full_name":"Gross, Rudolf","first_name":"Rudolf","last_name":"Gross"},{"last_name":"Huebl","first_name":"Hans","full_name":"Huebl, Hans"},{"first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Trupke","full_name":"Trupke, Michael"},{"full_name":"Aspelmeyer, Markus","last_name":"Aspelmeyer","first_name":"Markus"}],"date_updated":"2026-10-15T09:06:26Z","intvolume":"        22","researchdata_availability":"yes","volume":22,"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2331-7019"]},"article_type":"original","quality_controlled":"1","article_number":"014078","acknowledgement":"We gratefully acknowledge valuable discussions with Uros Delic, Lorenzo Magrini, and Corentin Gut. This work was supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Grant No. 863132 (iQLev) and No. 101080143 (SuperMeQ), the European Research Council under Grant No. 951234 (ERC Synergy QXtreme), the Austrian and Bavarian Academy of Sciences (Topical Team SGQ), the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation through a Feodor Lynen Fellowship (P.S.), the Swedish Research Council under Grant No. 2020-00381 (G.H.), and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) via Germany’s Excellence Strategy EXC-2111-390814868 (H.H., R.G.).","_id":"17410","department":[{"_id":"JoFi"}],"month":"07","oa_version":"Preprint","publisher":"American Physical Society","external_id":{"arxiv":["2401.08854"],"isi":["001284571700002"]},"isi":1,"fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.22.014078","arxiv":1,"title":"Remote sensing of a levitated superconductor with a flux-tunable microwave cavity","publication_status":"published","type":"journal_article","status":"public","supplementarymaterial":"yes","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"oa":1,"article_processing_charge":"No"},{"file":[{"creator":"dernst","checksum":"dc7af4694f9f94a551417ab49fa43edf","file_size":6047536,"file_id":"15184","date_created":"2024-03-25T09:31:58Z","content_type":"application/pdf","access_level":"open_access","file_name":"2024_AstrophysicalJourn_Matthee.pdf","success":1,"relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2024-03-25T09:31:58Z"}],"title":"Little Red Dots: An abundant population of faint active galactic nuclei at z ∼ 5 revealed by the EIGER and FRESCO JWST surveys","project":[{"_id":"bd9b2118-d553-11ed-ba76-db24564edfea","grant_number":"101076224","name":"Young galaxies as tracers and agents of cosmic reionization"}],"publication_status":"published","isi":1,"fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad2345","status":"public","ddc":["550"],"APC_amount":"5666,27 EUR","OA_type":"gold","type":"journal_article","supplementarymaterial":"yes","OA_place":"publisher","keyword":["Space and Planetary Science","Astronomy and Astrophysics"],"corr_author":"1","oa":1,"related_material":{"link":[{"relation":"press_release","url":"https://ista.ac.at/en/news/baby-quasars-growing-supermassive-black-holes/","description":"News on ISTA website"}]},"has_accepted_license":"1","article_processing_charge":"Yes","file_date_updated":"2024-03-25T09:31:58Z","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"abstract":[{"text":"Characterizing the prevalence and properties of faint active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in the early Universe is key for understanding the formation of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) and determining their role in cosmic reionization. We perform a spectroscopic search for broad Hα emitters at z ≈ 4–6 using deep JWST/NIRCam imaging and wide field slitless spectroscopy from the EIGER and FRESCO surveys. We identify 20 Hα lines at z = 4.2–5.5 that have broad components with line widths from ∼1200–3700 km s−1, contributing ∼30%–90% of the total line flux. We interpret these broad components as being powered by accretion onto SMBHs with implied masses ∼107–8M⊙. In the UV luminosity range MUV,AGN+host = −21 to −18, we measure number densities of ≈10−5 cMpc−3. This is an order of magnitude higher than expected from extrapolating quasar UV luminosity functions (LFs). Yet, such AGN are found in only <1% of star-forming galaxies at z ∼ 5. The number density discrepancy is much lower when compared to the broad Hα LF. The SMBH mass function agrees with large cosmological simulations. In two objects, we detect complex Hα profiles that we tentatively interpret as caused by absorption signatures from dense gas fueling SMBH growth and outflows. We may be witnessing early AGN feedback that will clear dust-free pathways through which more massive blue quasars are seen. We uncover a strong correlation between reddening and the fraction of total galaxy luminosity arising from faint AGN. This implies that early SMBH growth is highly obscured and that faint AGN are only minor contributors to cosmic reionization.","lang":"eng"}],"scopus_import":"1","doi":"10.3847/1538-4357/ad2345","date_published":"2024-03-07T00:00:00Z","day":"07","das_tickbox":"0","author":[{"full_name":"Matthee, Jorryt J","orcid":"0000-0003-2871-127X","id":"7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720","first_name":"Jorryt J","last_name":"Matthee"},{"full_name":"Naidu, Rohan P.","last_name":"Naidu","first_name":"Rohan P."},{"full_name":"Brammer, Gabriel","last_name":"Brammer","first_name":"Gabriel"},{"full_name":"Chisholm, John","last_name":"Chisholm","first_name":"John"},{"full_name":"Eilers, Anna-Christina","last_name":"Eilers","first_name":"Anna-Christina"},{"full_name":"Goulding, Andy","last_name":"Goulding","first_name":"Andy"},{"full_name":"Greene, Jenny","first_name":"Jenny","last_name":"Greene"},{"last_name":"Kashino","first_name":"Daichi","full_name":"Kashino, Daichi"},{"full_name":"Labbe, Ivo","first_name":"Ivo","last_name":"Labbe"},{"full_name":"Lilly, Simon J.","first_name":"Simon J.","last_name":"Lilly"},{"full_name":"Mackenzie, Ruari","last_name":"Mackenzie","first_name":"Ruari"},{"last_name":"Oesch","first_name":"Pascal A.","full_name":"Oesch, Pascal A."},{"full_name":"Weibel, Andrea","first_name":"Andrea","last_name":"Weibel"},{"first_name":"Stijn","last_name":"Wuyts","full_name":"Wuyts, Stijn"},{"first_name":"Mengyuan","last_name":"Xiao","full_name":"Xiao, Mengyuan"},{"first_name":"Rongmon","last_name":"Bordoloi","full_name":"Bordoloi, Rongmon"},{"full_name":"Bouwens, Rychard","first_name":"Rychard","last_name":"Bouwens"},{"last_name":"van Dokkum","first_name":"Pieter","full_name":"van Dokkum, Pieter"},{"first_name":"Garth","last_name":"Illingworth","full_name":"Illingworth, Garth"},{"full_name":"Kramarenko, Ivan","first_name":"Ivan","last_name":"Kramarenko"},{"full_name":"Maseda, Michael V.","first_name":"Michael V.","last_name":"Maseda"},{"first_name":"Charlotte","last_name":"Mason","full_name":"Mason, Charlotte"},{"full_name":"Meyer, Romain A.","first_name":"Romain A.","last_name":"Meyer"},{"full_name":"Nelson, Erica J.","first_name":"Erica J.","last_name":"Nelson"},{"last_name":"Reddy","first_name":"Naveen A.","full_name":"Reddy, Naveen A."},{"first_name":"Irene","last_name":"Shivaei","full_name":"Shivaei, Irene"},{"first_name":"Robert A.","last_name":"Simcoe","full_name":"Simcoe, Robert A."},{"first_name":"Minghao","last_name":"Yue","full_name":"Yue, Minghao"}],"date_updated":"2026-10-15T09:15:55Z","year":"2024","date_created":"2024-03-25T08:54:47Z","citation":{"chicago":"Matthee, Jorryt J, Rohan P. Naidu, Gabriel Brammer, John Chisholm, Anna-Christina Eilers, Andy Goulding, Jenny Greene, et al. “Little Red Dots: An Abundant Population of Faint Active Galactic Nuclei at z ∼ 5 Revealed by the EIGER and FRESCO JWST Surveys.” <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>. IOP Publishing, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad2345\">https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad2345</a>.","short":"J.J. Matthee, R.P. Naidu, G. Brammer, J. Chisholm, A.-C. Eilers, A. Goulding, J. Greene, D. Kashino, I. Labbe, S.J. Lilly, R. Mackenzie, P.A. Oesch, A. Weibel, S. Wuyts, M. Xiao, R. Bordoloi, R. Bouwens, P. van Dokkum, G. Illingworth, I. Kramarenko, M.V. Maseda, C. Mason, R.A. Meyer, E.J. Nelson, N.A. Reddy, I. Shivaei, R.A. Simcoe, M. Yue, The Astrophysical Journal 963 (2024).","ieee":"J. J. Matthee <i>et al.</i>, “Little Red Dots: An abundant population of faint active galactic nuclei at z ∼ 5 revealed by the EIGER and FRESCO JWST surveys,” <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>, vol. 963, no. 2. IOP Publishing, 2024.","mla":"Matthee, Jorryt J., et al. “Little Red Dots: An Abundant Population of Faint Active Galactic Nuclei at z ∼ 5 Revealed by the EIGER and FRESCO JWST Surveys.” <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>, vol. 963, no. 2, 129, IOP Publishing, 2024, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad2345\">10.3847/1538-4357/ad2345</a>.","ama":"Matthee JJ, Naidu RP, Brammer G, et al. Little Red Dots: An abundant population of faint active galactic nuclei at z ∼ 5 revealed by the EIGER and FRESCO JWST surveys. <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>. 2024;963(2). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad2345\">10.3847/1538-4357/ad2345</a>","ista":"Matthee JJ, Naidu RP, Brammer G, Chisholm J, Eilers A-C, Goulding A, Greene J, Kashino D, Labbe I, Lilly SJ, Mackenzie R, Oesch PA, Weibel A, Wuyts S, Xiao M, Bordoloi R, Bouwens R, van Dokkum P, Illingworth G, Kramarenko I, Maseda MV, Mason C, Meyer RA, Nelson EJ, Reddy NA, Shivaei I, Simcoe RA, Yue M. 2024. Little Red Dots: An abundant population of faint active galactic nuclei at z ∼ 5 revealed by the EIGER and FRESCO JWST surveys. The Astrophysical Journal. 963(2), 129.","apa":"Matthee, J. J., Naidu, R. P., Brammer, G., Chisholm, J., Eilers, A.-C., Goulding, A., … Yue, M. (2024). Little Red Dots: An abundant population of faint active galactic nuclei at z ∼ 5 revealed by the EIGER and FRESCO JWST surveys. <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>. IOP Publishing. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad2345\">https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad2345</a>"},"publication":"The Astrophysical Journal","quality_controlled":"1","issue":"2","article_number":"129","intvolume":"       963","researchdata_availability":"no","volume":963,"article_type":"original","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0004-637X"],"eissn":["1538-4357"]},"month":"03","oa_version":"Published Version","publisher":"IOP Publishing","external_id":{"isi":["001184703600001"]},"acknowledgement":"We thank the anonymous referee for constructive comments that helped improve the manuscript. This work is based on observations made with the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope. The data were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-03127 for JWST. These observations are associated with program Nos. 1243 and 1895. The specific observations analyzed can be accessed via doi:10.17909/4xx0-zj76. Funded by the European Union (ERC, AGENTS, 101076224). Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European Research Council. Neither the European Union nor the granting authority can be held responsible for them. R.P.N. acknowledges funding from JWST programs GO-1933 and GO-2279. Support for this work for R.P.N. was provided by NASA through the NASA Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF2-51515.001-A awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Incorporated, under NASA contract NAS5-26555. Support for this work for G.I. was provided by NASA through grant JWST-GO-01895 awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555. This work has received funding from the Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation (SERI) under contract No. MB22.00072, as well as from the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) through project grant 200020_207349. The Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN) is funded by the Danish National Research Foundation under grant No. 140.\r\nFacility: JWST - James Webb Space Telescope, HST - Hubble Space Telescope satellite\r\nSoftware:​​​​​​​ Python, matplotlib (Hunter 2007), numpy (Harris et al. 2020), scipy (Virtanen et al. 2020), Astropy (Astropy Collaboration et al. 2013, 2018), Imfit (Erwin 2015).","_id":"15180","department":[{"_id":"JoMa"}]},{"das_tickbox":"0","scopus_import":"1","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The James Webb Space Telescope is revealing a new population of dust-reddened broad-line active galactic nuclei (AGN) at redshifts z ≳ 5. Here we present deep NIRSpec/Prism spectroscopy from the Cycle 1 Treasury program Ultradeep NIRSpec and NIRCam ObserVations before the Epoch of Reionization (UNCOVER) of 15 AGN candidates selected to be compact, with red continua in the rest-frame optical but with blue slopes in the UV. From NIRCam photometry alone, they could have been dominated by dusty star formation or an AGN. Here we show that the majority of the compact red sources in UNCOVER are dust-reddened AGN: 60% show definitive evidence for broad-line Hα with a FWHM > 2000 km s −1, 20% of the current data are inconclusive, and 20% are brown dwarf stars. We propose an updated photometric criterion to select red z > 5 AGN that excludes brown dwarfs and is expected to yield >80% AGN. Remarkably, among all zphot > 5 galaxies with F277W – F444W > 1 in UNCOVER at least 33% are AGN regardless of compactness, climbing to at least 80% AGN for sources with F277W – F444W > 1.6. The confirmed AGN have black hole masses of 107–109M⊙. While their UV luminosities (−16 > MUV > −20 AB mag) are low compared to UV-selected AGN at these epochs, consistent with percent-level scattered AGN light or low levels of unobscured star formation, the inferred bolometric luminosities are typical of 107–109M⊙ black holes radiating at ∼10%–40% the Eddington limit. The number densities are surprisingly high at ∼10−5 Mpc−3 mag−1, 100 times more common than the faintest UV-selected quasars, while accounting for ∼1% of the UV-selected galaxies. While their UV faintness suggests they may not contribute strongly to reionization, their ubiquity poses challenges to models of black hole growth."}],"doi":"10.3847/1538-4357/ad1e5f","date_published":"2024-03-01T00:00:00Z","DOAJ_listed":"1","day":"01","date_created":"2024-03-24T23:00:59Z","year":"2024","citation":{"apa":"Greene, J. E., Labbe, I., Goulding, A. D., Furtak, L. J., Chemerynska, I., Kokorev, V., … Zitrin, A. (2024). UNCOVER spectroscopy confirms the surprising ubiquity of active galactic nuclei in red sources at z &#62; 5. <i>Astrophysical Journal</i>. IOP Publishing. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad1e5f\">https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad1e5f</a>","ista":"Greene JE, Labbe I, Goulding AD, Furtak LJ, Chemerynska I, Kokorev V, Dayal P, Volonteri M, Williams CC, Wang B, Setton DJ, Burgasser AJ, Bezanson R, Atek H, Brammer G, Cutler SE, Feldmann R, Fujimoto S, Glazebrook K, De Graaff A, Khullar G, Leja J, Marchesini D, Maseda MV, Matthee JJ, Miller TB, Naidu RP, Nanayakkara T, Oesch PA, Pan R, Papovich C, Price SH, Van Dokkum P, Weaver JR, Whitaker KE, Zitrin A. 2024. UNCOVER spectroscopy confirms the surprising ubiquity of active galactic nuclei in red sources at z &#62; 5. Astrophysical Journal. 964, 39.","ama":"Greene JE, Labbe I, Goulding AD, et al. UNCOVER spectroscopy confirms the surprising ubiquity of active galactic nuclei in red sources at z &#62; 5. <i>Astrophysical Journal</i>. 2024;964. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad1e5f\">10.3847/1538-4357/ad1e5f</a>","mla":"Greene, Jenny E., et al. “UNCOVER Spectroscopy Confirms the Surprising Ubiquity of Active Galactic Nuclei in Red Sources at z &#62; 5.” <i>Astrophysical Journal</i>, vol. 964, 39, IOP Publishing, 2024, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad1e5f\">10.3847/1538-4357/ad1e5f</a>.","ieee":"J. E. Greene <i>et al.</i>, “UNCOVER spectroscopy confirms the surprising ubiquity of active galactic nuclei in red sources at z &#62; 5,” <i>Astrophysical Journal</i>, vol. 964. IOP Publishing, 2024.","short":"J.E. Greene, I. Labbe, A.D. Goulding, L.J. Furtak, I. Chemerynska, V. Kokorev, P. Dayal, M. Volonteri, C.C. Williams, B. Wang, D.J. Setton, A.J. Burgasser, R. Bezanson, H. Atek, G. Brammer, S.E. Cutler, R. Feldmann, S. Fujimoto, K. Glazebrook, A. De Graaff, G. Khullar, J. Leja, D. Marchesini, M.V. Maseda, J.J. Matthee, T.B. Miller, R.P. Naidu, T. Nanayakkara, P.A. Oesch, R. Pan, C. Papovich, S.H. Price, P. Van Dokkum, J.R. Weaver, K.E. Whitaker, A. Zitrin, Astrophysical Journal 964 (2024).","chicago":"Greene, Jenny E., Ivo Labbe, Andy D. Goulding, Lukas J. Furtak, Iryna Chemerynska, Vasily Kokorev, Pratika Dayal, et al. “UNCOVER Spectroscopy Confirms the Surprising Ubiquity of Active Galactic Nuclei in Red Sources at z &#62; 5.” <i>Astrophysical Journal</i>. IOP Publishing, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad1e5f\">https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad1e5f</a>."},"publication":"Astrophysical Journal","author":[{"first_name":"Jenny E.","last_name":"Greene","full_name":"Greene, Jenny E."},{"first_name":"Ivo","last_name":"Labbe","full_name":"Labbe, Ivo"},{"full_name":"Goulding, Andy D.","last_name":"Goulding","first_name":"Andy D."},{"last_name":"Furtak","first_name":"Lukas J.","full_name":"Furtak, Lukas J."},{"first_name":"Iryna","last_name":"Chemerynska","full_name":"Chemerynska, Iryna"},{"full_name":"Kokorev, Vasily","first_name":"Vasily","last_name":"Kokorev"},{"full_name":"Dayal, Pratika","first_name":"Pratika","last_name":"Dayal"},{"full_name":"Volonteri, Marta","last_name":"Volonteri","first_name":"Marta"},{"first_name":"Christina C.","last_name":"Williams","full_name":"Williams, Christina C."},{"last_name":"Wang","first_name":"Bingjie","full_name":"Wang, Bingjie"},{"first_name":"David J.","last_name":"Setton","full_name":"Setton, David J."},{"full_name":"Burgasser, Adam J.","last_name":"Burgasser","first_name":"Adam J."},{"full_name":"Bezanson, Rachel","first_name":"Rachel","last_name":"Bezanson"},{"full_name":"Atek, Hakim","last_name":"Atek","first_name":"Hakim"},{"full_name":"Brammer, Gabriel","first_name":"Gabriel","last_name":"Brammer"},{"full_name":"Cutler, Sam E.","last_name":"Cutler","first_name":"Sam E."},{"full_name":"Feldmann, Robert","last_name":"Feldmann","first_name":"Robert"},{"full_name":"Fujimoto, Seiji","first_name":"Seiji","last_name":"Fujimoto"},{"full_name":"Glazebrook, Karl","last_name":"Glazebrook","first_name":"Karl"},{"full_name":"De Graaff, Anna","last_name":"De Graaff","first_name":"Anna"},{"first_name":"Gourav","last_name":"Khullar","full_name":"Khullar, Gourav"},{"full_name":"Leja, Joel","first_name":"Joel","last_name":"Leja"},{"full_name":"Marchesini, Danilo","first_name":"Danilo","last_name":"Marchesini"},{"first_name":"Michael V.","last_name":"Maseda","full_name":"Maseda, Michael V."},{"full_name":"Matthee, Jorryt J","orcid":"0000-0003-2871-127X","first_name":"Jorryt J","id":"7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720","last_name":"Matthee"},{"first_name":"Tim B.","last_name":"Miller","full_name":"Miller, Tim B."},{"full_name":"Naidu, Rohan P.","last_name":"Naidu","first_name":"Rohan P."},{"full_name":"Nanayakkara, Themiya","last_name":"Nanayakkara","first_name":"Themiya"},{"first_name":"Pascal A.","last_name":"Oesch","full_name":"Oesch, Pascal A."},{"full_name":"Pan, Richard","first_name":"Richard","last_name":"Pan"},{"first_name":"Casey","last_name":"Papovich","full_name":"Papovich, Casey"},{"full_name":"Price, Sedona H.","last_name":"Price","first_name":"Sedona H."},{"last_name":"Van Dokkum","first_name":"Pieter","full_name":"Van Dokkum, Pieter"},{"first_name":"John R.","last_name":"Weaver","full_name":"Weaver, John R."},{"full_name":"Whitaker, Katherine E.","first_name":"Katherine E.","last_name":"Whitaker"},{"first_name":"Adi","last_name":"Zitrin","full_name":"Zitrin, Adi"}],"date_updated":"2026-10-15T09:15:28Z","intvolume":"       964","researchdata_availability":"no","volume":964,"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0004-637X"],"eissn":["1538-4357"]},"article_type":"original","quality_controlled":"1","article_number":"39","acknowledgement":"J.E.G. and A.D.G acknowledge support from NSF/AAG grant No. 1007094, and J.E.G. also acknowledges support from NSF/AAG grant No. 1007052. A.Z. acknowledges support by grant No. 2020750 from the United States-Israel Binational Science Foundation (BSF) and grant No. 2109066 from the United States National Science Foundation (NSF), and by the Ministry of Science & Technology of Israel. The Cosmic Dawn Center is funded by the Danish National Research Foundation (DNRF) under grant No. 140. This work has received funding from the Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation (SERI) under contract number MB22.00072, as well as from the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) through project grant 200020_207349. P.D. acknowledges support from the NWO grant 016.VIDI.189.162 (\"ODIN\") and from the European Commission's and University of Groningen's CO-FUND Rosalind Franklin program. K.G. and T.N. acknowledge support from Australian Research Council Laureate Fellowship FL180100060. H.A. and I.C. acknowledge support from CNES, focused on the JWST mission, and the Programme National Cosmology and Galaxies (PNCG) of CNRS/INSU with INP and IN2P3, cofunded by CEA and CNES. R.P.N. acknowledges funding from JWST programs GO-1933 and GO-2279. Support for this work was provided by NASA through the NASA Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF2-51515.001-A awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Incorporated, under NASA contract NAS5-26555. The research of C.C.W. is supported by NOIRLab, which is managed by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. B.W. acknowledges support from JWST-GO-02561.022-A. A.J.B. acknowledges funding support from NASA/ADAP grant 21-ADAP21-0187. Support for this work was provided by The Brinson Foundation through a Brinson Prize Fellowship grant. R.P.N. acknowledges support for this work provided by NASA through the NASA Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF2-51515.001-A awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Incorporated, under NASA contract NAS5-26555. C.P. thanks Marsha and Ralph Schilling for the generous support of this research.","_id":"15170","department":[{"_id":"JoMa"}],"month":"03","oa_version":"Published Version","publisher":"IOP Publishing","external_id":{"arxiv":["2309.05714"],"isi":["001184746500001"]},"isi":1,"fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad1e5f","arxiv":1,"file":[{"relation":"main_file","success":1,"date_updated":"2024-03-25T08:02:43Z","access_level":"open_access","file_name":"2024_AstrophysicalJourn_Greene.pdf","date_created":"2024-03-25T08:02:43Z","content_type":"application/pdf","file_id":"15176","file_size":2700137,"checksum":"389a880e176799d5c062ea7cb82d08c9","creator":"dernst"}],"title":"UNCOVER spectroscopy confirms the surprising ubiquity of active galactic nuclei in red sources at z > 5","publication_status":"published","ddc":["550"],"type":"journal_article","status":"public","supplementarymaterial":"no","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"oa":1,"article_processing_charge":"Yes","file_date_updated":"2024-03-25T08:02:43Z","has_accepted_license":"1"},{"publisher":"IOP Publishing","oa_version":"Published Version","month":"07","external_id":{"isi":["001257903200001"],"arxiv":["2405.01473"]},"acknowledgement":"We thank the anonymous referee for the helpful comments. B.W. and J.L. acknowledge support from JWST-GO04233.009-A. The Cosmic Dawn Center is funded by the Danish National Research Foundation (DNRF) under grant No. 140. This research was supported by the International Space Science Institute (ISSI) in Bern, through ISSI International Team project No. 562 (First Light at Cosmic Dawn: Exploiting the James Webb Space Telescope Revolution). This work is based in part on observations made with the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope. The data were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-03127 for JWST. The JWST data presented in this Letter were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST) at the Space Telescope Science Institute. The specific observations analyzed can be accessed via doi:10.17909/3a4n-9p88. Computations for this research were performed on the Pennsylvania State University’s Institute for Computational and Data Sciences’ Roar supercomputer. This publication made use of the NASA Astrophysical Data System for bibliographic information. \r\nFacilities: HST (ACS, WFC3), JWST (NIRCam, NIRSpec). Software: Astropy (Astropy Collaboration et al. 2013, 2018, 2022), dynesty (Speagle 2020), EAzY (Brammer et al. 2008),\r\nemcee (Foreman-Mackey et al. 2013), Matplotlib (Hunter 2007), msaexp (Brammer 2023b), msafit (de Graaff et al. 2024a), NumPy (Harris et al. 2020), Prospector (Johnson et al. 2021), Python-FSPS (Johnson et al. 2023).","department":[{"_id":"JoMa"}],"_id":"17234","quality_controlled":"1","article_number":"L13","issue":"1","intvolume":"       969","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2041-8205"],"eissn":["2041-8213"]},"article_type":"original","researchdata_availability":"yes","volume":969,"author":[{"full_name":"Wang, Bingjie","first_name":"Bingjie","last_name":"Wang"},{"full_name":"Leja, Joel","last_name":"Leja","first_name":"Joel"},{"last_name":"De Graaff","first_name":"Anna","full_name":"De Graaff, Anna"},{"last_name":"Brammer","first_name":"Gabriel B.","full_name":"Brammer, Gabriel B."},{"full_name":"Weibel, Andrea","first_name":"Andrea","last_name":"Weibel"},{"full_name":"Van Dokkum, Pieter","last_name":"Van Dokkum","first_name":"Pieter"},{"full_name":"Baggen, Josephine F.W.","last_name":"Baggen","first_name":"Josephine F.W."},{"last_name":"Suess","first_name":"Katherine A.","full_name":"Suess, Katherine A."},{"full_name":"Greene, Jenny E.","last_name":"Greene","first_name":"Jenny E."},{"first_name":"Rachel","last_name":"Bezanson","full_name":"Bezanson, Rachel"},{"full_name":"Cleri, Nikko J.","first_name":"Nikko J.","last_name":"Cleri"},{"last_name":"Hirschmann","first_name":"Michaela","full_name":"Hirschmann, Michaela"},{"full_name":"Labbé, Ivo","first_name":"Ivo","last_name":"Labbé"},{"full_name":"Matthee, Jorryt J","orcid":"0000-0003-2871-127X","first_name":"Jorryt J","id":"7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720","last_name":"Matthee"},{"full_name":"Mcconachie, Ian","first_name":"Ian","last_name":"Mcconachie"},{"full_name":"Naidu, Rohan P.","first_name":"Rohan P.","last_name":"Naidu"},{"first_name":"Erica","last_name":"Nelson","full_name":"Nelson, Erica"},{"full_name":"Oesch, Pascal A.","first_name":"Pascal A.","last_name":"Oesch"},{"first_name":"David J.","last_name":"Setton","full_name":"Setton, David J."},{"full_name":"Williams, Christina C.","last_name":"Williams","first_name":"Christina C."}],"date_updated":"2026-10-15T09:10:55Z","citation":{"ista":"Wang B, Leja J, De Graaff A, Brammer GB, Weibel A, Van Dokkum P, Baggen JFW, Suess KA, Greene JE, Bezanson R, Cleri NJ, Hirschmann M, Labbé I, Matthee JJ, Mcconachie I, Naidu RP, Nelson E, Oesch PA, Setton DJ, Williams CC. 2024. RUBIES: Evolved stellar populations with extended formation histories at z ∼ 7-8 in candidate massive galaxies identified with JWST/NIRSpec. Astrophysical Journal Letters. 969(1), L13.","ama":"Wang B, Leja J, De Graaff A, et al. RUBIES: Evolved stellar populations with extended formation histories at z ∼ 7-8 in candidate massive galaxies identified with JWST/NIRSpec. <i>Astrophysical Journal Letters</i>. 2024;969(1). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ad55f7\">10.3847/2041-8213/ad55f7</a>","apa":"Wang, B., Leja, J., De Graaff, A., Brammer, G. B., Weibel, A., Van Dokkum, P., … Williams, C. C. (2024). RUBIES: Evolved stellar populations with extended formation histories at z ∼ 7-8 in candidate massive galaxies identified with JWST/NIRSpec. <i>Astrophysical Journal Letters</i>. IOP Publishing. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ad55f7\">https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ad55f7</a>","chicago":"Wang, Bingjie, Joel Leja, Anna De Graaff, Gabriel B. Brammer, Andrea Weibel, Pieter Van Dokkum, Josephine F.W. Baggen, et al. “RUBIES: Evolved Stellar Populations with Extended Formation Histories at z ∼ 7-8 in Candidate Massive Galaxies Identified with JWST/NIRSpec.” <i>Astrophysical Journal Letters</i>. IOP Publishing, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ad55f7\">https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ad55f7</a>.","mla":"Wang, Bingjie, et al. “RUBIES: Evolved Stellar Populations with Extended Formation Histories at z ∼ 7-8 in Candidate Massive Galaxies Identified with JWST/NIRSpec.” <i>Astrophysical Journal Letters</i>, vol. 969, no. 1, L13, IOP Publishing, 2024, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ad55f7\">10.3847/2041-8213/ad55f7</a>.","short":"B. Wang, J. Leja, A. De Graaff, G.B. Brammer, A. Weibel, P. Van Dokkum, J.F.W. Baggen, K.A. Suess, J.E. Greene, R. Bezanson, N.J. Cleri, M. Hirschmann, I. Labbé, J.J. Matthee, I. Mcconachie, R.P. Naidu, E. Nelson, P.A. Oesch, D.J. Setton, C.C. Williams, Astrophysical Journal Letters 969 (2024).","ieee":"B. Wang <i>et al.</i>, “RUBIES: Evolved stellar populations with extended formation histories at z ∼ 7-8 in candidate massive galaxies identified with JWST/NIRSpec,” <i>Astrophysical Journal Letters</i>, vol. 969, no. 1. IOP Publishing, 2024."},"date_created":"2024-07-14T22:01:11Z","year":"2024","publication":"Astrophysical Journal Letters","abstract":[{"text":"The identification of red, apparently massive galaxies at z > 7 in early James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) photometry suggests a strongly accelerated time line compared to standard models of galaxy growth. A major uncertainty in the interpretation is whether the red colors are caused by evolved stellar populations, dust, or other effects such as emission lines or active galactic nuclei (AGNs). Here we show that three of the massive galaxy candidates at z = 6.7–8.4 have prominent Balmer breaks in JWST/NIRSpec spectroscopy from the RUBIES program. The Balmer breaks demonstrate unambiguously that stellar emission dominates at λrest = 0.4 μm and require formation histories extending hundreds of millions of years into the past in galaxies only 600–800 Myr after the big bang. Two of the three galaxies also show broad Balmer lines, with Hβ FWHM > 2500 km s−1, suggesting that dust-reddened AGNs contribute to, or even dominate, the spectral energy distributions of these galaxies at λrest ≳ 0.6 μm. All three galaxies have relatively narrow [O iii] lines, seemingly ruling out a high-mass interpretation if the lines arise in dynamically relaxed, inclined disks. Yet the inferred masses also remain highly uncertain. We model the high-quality spectra using Prospector to decompose the continuum into stellar and AGN components and explore limiting cases in stellar/AGN contribution. This produces a wide range of possible stellar masses, spanning M⋆ ∼ 109−1011M⊙. Nevertheless, all fits suggest a very early and rapid formation, most of which follow with a truncation in star formation. Potential origins and evolutionary tracks for these objects are discussed, from the cores of massive galaxies to low-mass galaxies with overmassive black holes. Intriguingly, we find all of these explanations to be incomplete; deeper and redder data are needed to understand the physics of these systems.","lang":"eng"}],"scopus_import":"1","day":"01","date_published":"2024-07-01T00:00:00Z","DOAJ_listed":"1","doi":"10.3847/2041-8213/ad55f7","das_tickbox":"0","oa":1,"article_processing_charge":"Yes","file_date_updated":"2024-07-16T06:24:29Z","has_accepted_license":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","supplementarymaterial":"yes","status":"public","ddc":["520"],"type":"journal_article","publication_status":"published","title":"RUBIES: Evolved stellar populations with extended formation histories at z ∼ 7-8 in candidate massive galaxies identified with JWST/NIRSpec","file":[{"creator":"dernst","checksum":"bb1a6725586df12e745d091b5778bb2b","file_size":3273303,"file_id":"17243","date_created":"2024-07-16T06:24:29Z","content_type":"application/pdf","access_level":"open_access","file_name":"2024_AstrophysicalJourn_Wang.pdf","relation":"main_file","success":1,"date_updated":"2024-07-16T06:24:29Z"}],"isi":1,"arxiv":1,"fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ad55f7"},{"supplementarymaterial":"yes","has_accepted_license":"1","file_date_updated":"2024-09-11T07:35:00Z","article_processing_charge":"Yes (in subscription journal)","oa":1,"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","publication_status":"published","title":"Anatomy of an ionized bubble: NIRCam grism spectroscopy of the z = 6.6 double-peaked Lyman- α emitter COLA1 and its environment","file":[{"success":1,"relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2024-09-11T07:35:00Z","content_type":"application/pdf","date_created":"2024-09-11T07:35:00Z","file_name":"2024_AstronomyAstrophysics_TorralbaTorregrosa.pdf","access_level":"open_access","file_id":"18055","file_size":6225413,"creator":"dernst","checksum":"a6c0df287c75e8929db9f42badeac859"}],"arxiv":1,"fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202450318","isi":1,"status":"public","type":"journal_article","ddc":["520"],"article_number":"A44","quality_controlled":"1","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1432-0746"],"issn":["0004-6361"]},"article_type":"original","volume":689,"researchdata_availability":"no","intvolume":"       689","external_id":{"isi":["001303205700016"],"arxiv":["2404.10040"]},"publisher":"EDP Sciences","oa_version":"Published Version","month":"09","department":[{"_id":"JoMa"}],"_id":"17889","acknowledgement":"The authors acknowledge the financial support from the MICIU with funding from the European Union NextGenerationEU and Generalitat Valenciana in the call Programa de Planes Complementarios de I+D+i (PRTR 2022) Project (VAL-JPAS), reference ASFAE/2022/025. This work has been funded by project PID2019-109592GBI00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MCIN)-Agencia Estatal de Investigación, by the Project of Excellence Prometeo/2020/085 from the Conselleria d’Innovació Universitats, Ciència i Societat Digital de la Generalitat Valenciana. It has also be funded by the Project of Excellence Prometeo/2020/085 from the Conselleria d’Educació, Universitats, i Ocupació de la Generalitat Valenciana. Funded by the European Union (ERC, AGENTS, 101076224). Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European Research Council. Neither the European Union nor the granting authority can be held responsible for them. ST acknowledges support by the Royal Society Research Grant G125142. AH acknowledges support by the VILLUM FONDEN under grant 37459. The Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN) is funded by the Danish National Research Foundation under grant DNRF140. We acknowledge funding from JWST program GO-1933. Support for this work was provided by NASA through the NASA Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF2-51515.001-A awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Incorporated, under NASA contract NAS5-26555. This work has received funding from the Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation (SERI) under contract number MB22.00072, as well as from the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) through project grant 200020_207349. This work is based on observations made with the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope. The data were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-03127 for JWST. These observations are associated with program # 1933. The specific observations analyzed can be accessed via https://doi.org/10.17909/s9ht-7n34.","day":"01","date_published":"2024-09-01T00:00:00Z","doi":"10.1051/0004-6361/202450318","scopus_import":"1","abstract":[{"text":"The increasingly neutral intergalactic gas at z > 6 impacts the Lyman-α (Lyα) flux observed from galaxies. One luminous galaxy, COLA1, stands out because of its unique double-peaked Lyα line at z = 6.6, unseen in any simulation of reionization. Here, we present JWST/NIRCam wide-field slitless spectroscopy in a 21 arcmin2 field centered on COLA1. We find 141 galaxies spectroscopically selected through the [O III] doublet at 5.35 < z < 6.95, with 40 of these sources showing Hβ. For COLA1, we additionally detect [O III]4363 as well as Hγ. We measure a systemic redshift of z = 6.5917 for COLA1, confirming the classical double-peak nature of the Lyα profile. This implies that it resides in a highly ionized bubble and that it is leaking ionizing photons with a high escape fraction of fesc(LyC) = 20–50%, making it a prime laboratory to study Lyman continuum escape in the Epoch of Reionization. COLA1 shows all the signs of a prolific ionizer with a Lyα escape fraction of 81 ± 5%, Balmer decrement indicating no dust, a steep UV slope (βUV = −3.2 ± 0.4), and a star-formation surface density ≳10× that of typical galaxies at similar redshift. We detect five galaxies in COLA1’s close environment (Δz < 0.02). Exploiting the high spectroscopic completeness inherent to grism surveys, and using mock simulations that fully mimic the selection function, we show that the number of detected companions is very typical for a normal similarly UV-bright (MUV ∼ −21.3) galaxy – that is, the ionized bubble around COLA1 is unlikely to be due to an excessively large over-density. Instead, the measured ionizing properties suggest that COLA1 by itself might be powering the bubble required to explain its double-peaked Lyα profile (Rion ≈ 0.7 pMpc), with only minor contributions from detected neighbors (−19.5 ≲ MUV ≲ −17.5).","lang":"eng"}],"das_tickbox":"0","date_updated":"2026-10-15T09:15:07Z","author":[{"first_name":"Alberto","last_name":"Torralba-Torregrosa","full_name":"Torralba-Torregrosa, Alberto"},{"id":"7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720","first_name":"Jorryt J","last_name":"Matthee","full_name":"Matthee, Jorryt J","orcid":"0000-0003-2871-127X"},{"full_name":"Naidu, Rohan P.","first_name":"Rohan P.","last_name":"Naidu"},{"last_name":"Mackenzie","first_name":"Ruari","full_name":"Mackenzie, Ruari"},{"full_name":"Pezzulli, Gabriele","last_name":"Pezzulli","first_name":"Gabriele"},{"first_name":"Anne","last_name":"Hutter","full_name":"Hutter, Anne"},{"last_name":"Arnalte-Mur","first_name":"Pablo","full_name":"Arnalte-Mur, Pablo"},{"full_name":"Gurung-López, Siddhartha","first_name":"Siddhartha","last_name":"Gurung-López"},{"full_name":"Tacchella, Sandro","last_name":"Tacchella","first_name":"Sandro"},{"full_name":"Oesch, Pascal","first_name":"Pascal","last_name":"Oesch"},{"last_name":"Kashino","first_name":"Daichi","full_name":"Kashino, Daichi"},{"first_name":"Charlie","last_name":"Conroy","full_name":"Conroy, Charlie"},{"full_name":"Sobral, David","first_name":"David","last_name":"Sobral"}],"publication":"Astronomy & Astrophysics","citation":{"apa":"Torralba-Torregrosa, A., Matthee, J. J., Naidu, R. P., Mackenzie, R., Pezzulli, G., Hutter, A., … Sobral, D. (2024). Anatomy of an ionized bubble: NIRCam grism spectroscopy of the z = 6.6 double-peaked Lyman- α emitter COLA1 and its environment. <i>Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics</i>. EDP Sciences. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202450318\">https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202450318</a>","ama":"Torralba-Torregrosa A, Matthee JJ, Naidu RP, et al. Anatomy of an ionized bubble: NIRCam grism spectroscopy of the z = 6.6 double-peaked Lyman- α emitter COLA1 and its environment. <i>Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics</i>. 2024;689. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202450318\">10.1051/0004-6361/202450318</a>","ista":"Torralba-Torregrosa A, Matthee JJ, Naidu RP, Mackenzie R, Pezzulli G, Hutter A, Arnalte-Mur P, Gurung-López S, Tacchella S, Oesch P, Kashino D, Conroy C, Sobral D. 2024. Anatomy of an ionized bubble: NIRCam grism spectroscopy of the z = 6.6 double-peaked Lyman- α emitter COLA1 and its environment. Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics. 689, A44.","mla":"Torralba-Torregrosa, Alberto, et al. “Anatomy of an Ionized Bubble: NIRCam Grism Spectroscopy of the z = 6.6 Double-Peaked Lyman- α Emitter COLA1 and Its Environment.” <i>Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics</i>, vol. 689, A44, EDP Sciences, 2024, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202450318\">10.1051/0004-6361/202450318</a>.","short":"A. Torralba-Torregrosa, J.J. Matthee, R.P. Naidu, R. Mackenzie, G. Pezzulli, A. Hutter, P. Arnalte-Mur, S. Gurung-López, S. Tacchella, P. Oesch, D. Kashino, C. Conroy, D. Sobral, Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics 689 (2024).","ieee":"A. Torralba-Torregrosa <i>et al.</i>, “Anatomy of an ionized bubble: NIRCam grism spectroscopy of the z = 6.6 double-peaked Lyman- α emitter COLA1 and its environment,” <i>Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics</i>, vol. 689. EDP Sciences, 2024.","chicago":"Torralba-Torregrosa, Alberto, Jorryt J Matthee, Rohan P. Naidu, Ruari Mackenzie, Gabriele Pezzulli, Anne Hutter, Pablo Arnalte-Mur, et al. “Anatomy of an Ionized Bubble: NIRCam Grism Spectroscopy of the z = 6.6 Double-Peaked Lyman- α Emitter COLA1 and Its Environment.” <i>Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics</i>. EDP Sciences, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202450318\">https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202450318</a>."},"date_created":"2024-09-08T22:01:11Z","year":"2024"},{"article_processing_charge":"No","oa":1,"dataavailabilitystatement":"The JWST spectroscopic data are available at the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST) (https://mast.stsci.edu) under program IDs DD-2750 and GO-1433 for the three selected galaxies; the IDs for the other galaxies we searched are listed in table S1. Our data analysis codes are archived at Zenodo (19, 20). The reduced spectroscopic data are available through the DAWN JWST Archive (DJA): https://s3.amazonaws.com/msaexp-nirspec/extractions/nirspec_graded.html under file names ceers-ddt-v1_prism-clear_2750_28.spec.fits for CEERS-43833, macsj0647-v1_prism-clear_1433_3593.spec.fits for MACS0647-JD, and ceers-ddt-v1_prism-clear_2750_1.spec.fits for CEERS-16943. The photometry is available at https://dawn-cph.github.io/dja/imaging/v7/. Our derived physical parameters are provided in Table 1, and measured line fluxes are provided in table S2.","page":"890-894","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"supplementarymaterial":"yes","OA_place":"repository","status":"public","OA_type":"green","type":"journal_article","title":"Strong damped Lyman-a absorption in young star-forming galaxies at redshifts 9 to 11","publication_status":"published","fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adj0343","isi":1,"external_id":{"pmid":["38781391"],"isi":["001230029500001"]},"oa_version":"Submitted Version","month":"05","publisher":"AAAS","_id":"17090","department":[{"_id":"JoMa"}],"acknowledgement":"K.E.H. acknowledges support from Carlsberg Foundation Reintegration Fellowship grant CF21-0103. A.H. acknowledges support from the VILLUM FONDEN under grant 37459. C.A.M. acknowledges support from the VILLUM FONDEN under grant 37459 and the Carlsberg Foundation under grant CF22-1322. N.R.T. was funded through Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) consolidated grant ST/W000857/1. R.P.N. acknowledges funding from JWST programs GO-1933 and GO-2279. R.P.N. was supported by the NASA Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF2-51515.001-A awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy under NASA contract NAS5-26555. P.A.O. received funding from the Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research, and Innovation (SERI) under contract number MB22.00072 and from the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) through project grant 200020_207349.","pmid":1,"issue":"6698","quality_controlled":"1","volume":384,"researchdata_availability":"yes","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1095-9203"],"issn":["0036-8075"]},"article_type":"original","intvolume":"       384","date_updated":"2026-10-15T09:10:20Z","author":[{"first_name":"Kasper E.","last_name":"Heintz","full_name":"Heintz, Kasper E."},{"full_name":"Watson, Darach","last_name":"Watson","first_name":"Darach"},{"first_name":"Gabriel","last_name":"Brammer","full_name":"Brammer, Gabriel"},{"first_name":"Simone","last_name":"Vejlgaard","full_name":"Vejlgaard, Simone"},{"full_name":"Hutter, Anne","first_name":"Anne","last_name":"Hutter"},{"first_name":"Victoria B.","last_name":"Strait","full_name":"Strait, Victoria B."},{"first_name":"Jorryt J","id":"7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720","last_name":"Matthee","full_name":"Matthee, Jorryt J","orcid":"0000-0003-2871-127X"},{"first_name":"Pascal A.","last_name":"Oesch","full_name":"Oesch, Pascal A."},{"first_name":"Páll","last_name":"Jakobsson","full_name":"Jakobsson, Páll"},{"full_name":"Tanvir, Nial R.","last_name":"Tanvir","first_name":"Nial R."},{"full_name":"Laursen, Peter","last_name":"Laursen","first_name":"Peter"},{"first_name":"Rohan P.","last_name":"Naidu","full_name":"Naidu, Rohan P."},{"first_name":"Charlotte A.","last_name":"Mason","full_name":"Mason, Charlotte A."},{"last_name":"Killi","first_name":"Meghana","full_name":"Killi, Meghana"},{"full_name":"Jung, Intae","first_name":"Intae","last_name":"Jung"},{"full_name":"Hsiao, Tiger Yu Yang","last_name":"Hsiao","first_name":"Tiger Yu Yang"},{"full_name":"Abdurro’Uf, Unknown","first_name":"Unknown","last_name":"Abdurro’Uf"},{"last_name":"Coe","first_name":"Dan","full_name":"Coe, Dan"},{"first_name":"Pablo Arrabal","last_name":"Haro","full_name":"Haro, Pablo Arrabal"},{"first_name":"Steven L.","last_name":"Finkelstein","full_name":"Finkelstein, Steven L."},{"full_name":"Toft, Sune","last_name":"Toft","first_name":"Sune"}],"publication":"Science","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Strong_damped_Lyman-_absorption_in_young_star-forming_galaxies_at_redshifts_9_to_11/26069122?file=47174584","open_access":"1"}],"date_created":"2024-06-02T22:00:56Z","year":"2024","citation":{"mla":"Heintz, Kasper E., et al. “Strong Damped Lyman-a Absorption in Young Star-Forming Galaxies at Redshifts 9 to 11.” <i>Science</i>, vol. 384, no. 6698, AAAS, 2024, pp. 890–94, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adj0343\">10.1126/science.adj0343</a>.","ieee":"K. E. Heintz <i>et al.</i>, “Strong damped Lyman-a absorption in young star-forming galaxies at redshifts 9 to 11,” <i>Science</i>, vol. 384, no. 6698. AAAS, pp. 890–894, 2024.","short":"K.E. Heintz, D. Watson, G. Brammer, S. Vejlgaard, A. Hutter, V.B. Strait, J.J. Matthee, P.A. Oesch, P. Jakobsson, N.R. Tanvir, P. Laursen, R.P. Naidu, C.A. Mason, M. Killi, I. Jung, T.Y.Y. Hsiao, U. Abdurro’Uf, D. Coe, P.A. Haro, S.L. Finkelstein, S. Toft, Science 384 (2024) 890–894.","chicago":"Heintz, Kasper E., Darach Watson, Gabriel Brammer, Simone Vejlgaard, Anne Hutter, Victoria B. Strait, Jorryt J Matthee, et al. “Strong Damped Lyman-a Absorption in Young Star-Forming Galaxies at Redshifts 9 to 11.” <i>Science</i>. AAAS, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adj0343\">https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adj0343</a>.","apa":"Heintz, K. E., Watson, D., Brammer, G., Vejlgaard, S., Hutter, A., Strait, V. B., … Toft, S. (2024). Strong damped Lyman-a absorption in young star-forming galaxies at redshifts 9 to 11. <i>Science</i>. AAAS. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adj0343\">https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adj0343</a>","ama":"Heintz KE, Watson D, Brammer G, et al. Strong damped Lyman-a absorption in young star-forming galaxies at redshifts 9 to 11. <i>Science</i>. 2024;384(6698):890-894. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adj0343\">10.1126/science.adj0343</a>","ista":"Heintz KE, Watson D, Brammer G, Vejlgaard S, Hutter A, Strait VB, Matthee JJ, Oesch PA, Jakobsson P, Tanvir NR, Laursen P, Naidu RP, Mason CA, Killi M, Jung I, Hsiao TYY, Abdurro’Uf U, Coe D, Haro PA, Finkelstein SL, Toft S. 2024. Strong damped Lyman-a absorption in young star-forming galaxies at redshifts 9 to 11. Science. 384(6698), 890–894."},"doi":"10.1126/science.adj0343","date_published":"2024-05-24T00:00:00Z","day":"24","scopus_import":"1","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Primordial neutral atomic gas, mostly composed of hydrogen, is the raw material for star formation in galaxies. However, there are few direct constraints on the amount of neutral atomic hydrogen (H i) in galaxies at early cosmic times. We analyzed James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) near-infrared spectroscopy of distant galaxies, at redshifts ≳8. From a sample of 12 galaxies, we identified three that show strong damped Lyman-α absorption due to H i in their local surroundings. The galaxies are located at spectroscopic redshifts of 8.8, 10.2, and 11.4, corresponding to 400 to 600 million years after the Big Bang. They have H i column densities ≳1022 cm−2, which is an order of magnitude higher than expected for a fully neutral intergalactic medium, and constitute a gas-rich population of young star-forming galaxies."}],"das_tickbox":"1"},{"das_tickbox":"1","doi":"10.1093/mnras/stae673","DOAJ_listed":"1","day":"01","date_published":"2024-04-01T00:00:00Z","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Observationally mapping the relation between galaxies and the intergalactic medium (IGM) is of key interest for studies of cosmic reionization. Diffuse hydrogen gas has typically been observed in H I Lyman-α (Lyα) absorption in the spectra of bright background quasars. However, it is important to extend these measurements to background galaxies as quasars become increasingly rare at high redshift and rarely probe closely separated sight lines. Here, we use deep integral field spectroscopy in the MUSE eXtremely Deep Field to demonstrate the measurement of the Lyα transmission at z ≈ 4 in absorption to a background galaxy at z = 4.77. The H I transmission is consistent with independent quasar sight lines at similar redshifts. Exploiting the high number of spectroscopic redshifts of faint galaxies (500 between z = 4.0–4.7 within a radius of 8 arcmin) that are tracers of the density field, we show that Lyα transmission is inversely correlated with galaxy density, i.e. transparent regions in the Lyα forest mark underdense regions at z ≈ 4. Due to large-scale clustering, galaxies are surrounded by excess H I absorption over the cosmic mean out to 4 cMpc/h70. We also find that redshifts from the peak of the Lyα line are typically offset from the systemic redshift by +170 km s−1. This work extends results from z ≈ 2–3 to higher redshifts and demonstrates the power of deep integral field spectroscopy to simultaneously measure the ionization structure of the IGM and the large-scale density field in the early Universe."}],"scopus_import":"1","publication":"Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society","date_created":"2024-03-31T22:01:12Z","year":"2024","citation":{"apa":"Matthee, J. J., Golling, C., Mackenzie, R., Pezzulli, G., Lilly, S., Schaye, J., … Wisotzki, L. (2024). Large-scale excess H I absorption around z ≈ 4 galaxies detected in a background galaxy spectrum in the MUSE eXtremely deep field. <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stae673\">https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stae673</a>","ama":"Matthee JJ, Golling C, Mackenzie R, et al. Large-scale excess H I absorption around z ≈ 4 galaxies detected in a background galaxy spectrum in the MUSE eXtremely deep field. <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. 2024;529(3):2794-2806. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stae673\">10.1093/mnras/stae673</a>","ista":"Matthee JJ, Golling C, Mackenzie R, Pezzulli G, Lilly S, Schaye J, Bacon R, Kusakabe H, Urrutia T, Boogaard L, Brinchmann J, Maseda MV, Garel T, Bouché NF, Wisotzki L. 2024. Large-scale excess H I absorption around z ≈ 4 galaxies detected in a background galaxy spectrum in the MUSE eXtremely deep field. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 529(3), 2794–2806.","mla":"Matthee, Jorryt J., et al. “Large-Scale Excess H I Absorption around z ≈ 4 Galaxies Detected in a Background Galaxy Spectrum in the MUSE EXtremely Deep Field.” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>, vol. 529, no. 3, Oxford University Press, 2024, pp. 2794–806, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stae673\">10.1093/mnras/stae673</a>.","ieee":"J. J. Matthee <i>et al.</i>, “Large-scale excess H I absorption around z ≈ 4 galaxies detected in a background galaxy spectrum in the MUSE eXtremely deep field,” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>, vol. 529, no. 3. Oxford University Press, pp. 2794–2806, 2024.","short":"J.J. Matthee, C. Golling, R. Mackenzie, G. Pezzulli, S. Lilly, J. Schaye, R. Bacon, H. Kusakabe, T. Urrutia, L. Boogaard, J. Brinchmann, M.V. Maseda, T. Garel, N.F. Bouché, L. Wisotzki, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 529 (2024) 2794–2806.","chicago":"Matthee, Jorryt J, Christopher Golling, Ruari Mackenzie, Gabriele Pezzulli, Simon Lilly, Joop Schaye, Roland Bacon, et al. “Large-Scale Excess H I Absorption around z ≈ 4 Galaxies Detected in a Background Galaxy Spectrum in the MUSE EXtremely Deep Field.” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. Oxford University Press, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stae673\">https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stae673</a>."},"date_updated":"2026-10-15T09:19:25Z","author":[{"orcid":"0000-0003-2871-127X","full_name":"Matthee, Jorryt J","last_name":"Matthee","id":"7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720","first_name":"Jorryt J"},{"first_name":"Christopher","last_name":"Golling","full_name":"Golling, Christopher"},{"last_name":"Mackenzie","first_name":"Ruari","full_name":"Mackenzie, Ruari"},{"first_name":"Gabriele","last_name":"Pezzulli","full_name":"Pezzulli, Gabriele"},{"full_name":"Lilly, Simon","first_name":"Simon","last_name":"Lilly"},{"full_name":"Schaye, Joop","first_name":"Joop","last_name":"Schaye"},{"full_name":"Bacon, Roland","first_name":"Roland","last_name":"Bacon"},{"full_name":"Kusakabe, Haruka","last_name":"Kusakabe","first_name":"Haruka"},{"full_name":"Urrutia, Tanya","first_name":"Tanya","last_name":"Urrutia"},{"full_name":"Boogaard, Leindert","first_name":"Leindert","last_name":"Boogaard"},{"full_name":"Brinchmann, Jarle","first_name":"Jarle","last_name":"Brinchmann"},{"full_name":"Maseda, Michael V.","first_name":"Michael V.","last_name":"Maseda"},{"last_name":"Garel","first_name":"Thibault","full_name":"Garel, Thibault"},{"full_name":"Bouché, Nicolas F.","first_name":"Nicolas F.","last_name":"Bouché"},{"full_name":"Wisotzki, Lutz","first_name":"Lutz","last_name":"Wisotzki"}],"volume":529,"researchdata_availability":"yes","article_type":"original","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1365-2966"],"issn":["0035-8711"]},"intvolume":"       529","issue":"3","quality_controlled":"1","_id":"15249","department":[{"_id":"JoMa"}],"acknowledgement":"We thank the referee for constructive comments that helped improving the paper. Based on observations collected at the European Southern Observatory under ESO programme 1101.A-0127. Funded by the European Union (ERC, AGENTS, 101076224). Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European Research Council. Neither the European Union nor the granting authority can be held responsible for them. GP acknowledges support from the Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (Nederlandse Onderzoekschool Voor Astronomie, NOVA). JB acknowledges financial support from the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) through national funds PTDC/FIS-AST/4862/2020, work contract 2020.03379.CEECIND, and research grants UIDB/04434/2020 and UIDP/04434/2020. TU and LW acknowledge funding by the European Research Council through ERC-AdG SPECMAP-CGM, GA 101020943. TG is supported by the ERC Starting grant 757258 ‘TRIPLE’.","external_id":{"isi":["001188770300019"],"arxiv":["2305.15346"]},"oa_version":"Published Version","month":"04","publisher":"Oxford University Press","fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stae673","arxiv":1,"isi":1,"project":[{"name":"Young galaxies as tracers and agents of cosmic reionization","_id":"bd9b2118-d553-11ed-ba76-db24564edfea","grant_number":"101076224"}],"title":"Large-scale excess H I absorption around z ≈ 4 galaxies detected in a background galaxy spectrum in the MUSE eXtremely deep field","file":[{"checksum":"1e65c40a71e565eebdc4c5ff11822ba2","creator":"dernst","file_size":2626735,"file_id":"15255","access_level":"open_access","file_name":"2024_MonthlyNRoyalAstronSoc_Matthee.pdf","content_type":"application/pdf","date_created":"2024-04-02T08:42:17Z","relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2024-04-02T08:42:17Z","success":1}],"publication_status":"published","OA_type":"gold","type":"journal_article","ddc":["520"],"status":"public","OA_place":"publisher","corr_author":"1","supplementarymaterial":"yes","dataavailabilitystatement":"The MUSE data in the UDF-MXDF region underlying this work is available through the website https://amused.univ-lyon1.fr/. The catalogue of galaxies in the MUSE Wide region is available through https://musewide.aip.de/. The transmission spectrum measured in this paper will be available online through the publisher.","page":"2794-2806","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"has_accepted_license":"1","file_date_updated":"2024-04-02T08:42:17Z","article_processing_charge":"Yes","oa":1},{"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"We expect luminous (M 1450 ≲ −26.5) high-redshift quasars to trace the highest-density peaks in the early Universe. Here, we present observations of four z ≳ 6 quasar fields using JWST/NIRCam in the imaging and wide-field slitless spectroscopy mode and report a wide range in the number of detected [O iii]-emitting galaxies in the quasars’ environments, ranging between a density enhancement of δ ≈ 65 within a 2 cMpc radius—one of the largest protoclusters during the Epoch of Reionization discovered to date—to a density contrast consistent with zero, indicating the presence of a UV-luminous quasar in a region comparable to the average density of the Universe. By measuring the two-point cross-correlation function of quasars and their surrounding galaxies, as well as the galaxy autocorrelation function, we infer a correlation length of quasars at 〈z〉 = 6.25 of r 0 QQ = 22.0 − 2.9 + 3.0 cMpc h − 1 , while we obtain a correlation length of the [O iii]-emitting galaxies of r 0 GG = 4.1 ± 0.3 cMpc h − 1 . By comparing the correlation functions to dark-matter-only simulations we estimate the minimum mass of the quasars’ host dark matter halos to be log 10 ( M halo , min / M ⊙ ) = 12.43 − 0.15 + 0.13 (and log 10 ( M halo , min [ OIII ] / M ⊙ ) = 10.56 − 0.03 + 0.05 for the [O iii] emitters), indicating that (a) luminous quasars do not necessarily reside within the most overdense regions in the early Universe, and that (b) the UV-luminous duty cycle of quasar activity at these redshifts is f duty ≪ 1. Such short quasar activity timescales challenge our understanding of early supermassive black hole growth and provide evidence for highly dust-obscured growth phases or episodic, radiatively inefficient accretion rates."}],"scopus_import":"1","doi":"10.3847/1538-4357/ad778b","day":"01","DOAJ_listed":"1","date_published":"2024-10-01T00:00:00Z","das_tickbox":"0","author":[{"last_name":"Eilers","first_name":"Anna Christina","full_name":"Eilers, Anna Christina"},{"full_name":"Mackenzie, Ruari","last_name":"Mackenzie","first_name":"Ruari"},{"full_name":"Pizzati, Elia","last_name":"Pizzati","first_name":"Elia"},{"last_name":"Matthee","id":"7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720","first_name":"Jorryt J","orcid":"0000-0003-2871-127X","full_name":"Matthee, Jorryt J"},{"full_name":"Hennawi, Joseph F.","first_name":"Joseph F.","last_name":"Hennawi"},{"last_name":"Zhang","first_name":"Haowen","full_name":"Zhang, Haowen"},{"last_name":"Bordoloi","first_name":"Rongmon","full_name":"Bordoloi, Rongmon"},{"full_name":"Kashino, Daichi","first_name":"Daichi","last_name":"Kashino"},{"first_name":"Simon J.","last_name":"Lilly","full_name":"Lilly, Simon J."},{"full_name":"Naidu, Rohan P.","last_name":"Naidu","first_name":"Rohan P."},{"first_name":"Robert A.","last_name":"Simcoe","full_name":"Simcoe, Robert A."},{"full_name":"Yue, Minghao","last_name":"Yue","first_name":"Minghao"},{"last_name":"Frenk","first_name":"Carlos S.","full_name":"Frenk, Carlos S."},{"last_name":"Helly","first_name":"John C.","full_name":"Helly, John C."},{"first_name":"Matthieu","last_name":"Schaller","full_name":"Schaller, Matthieu"},{"full_name":"Schaye, Joop","first_name":"Joop","last_name":"Schaye"}],"date_updated":"2026-10-15T09:27:42Z","date_created":"2024-11-03T23:01:45Z","year":"2024","citation":{"mla":"Eilers, Anna Christina, et al. “EIGER. VI. The Correlation Function, Host Halo Mass, and Duty Cycle of Luminous Quasars at z ≳ 6.” <i>Astrophysical Journal</i>, vol. 974, no. 2, 275, IOP Publishing, 2024, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad778b\">10.3847/1538-4357/ad778b</a>.","ieee":"A. C. Eilers <i>et al.</i>, “EIGER. VI. The correlation function, host halo mass, and duty cycle of luminous quasars at z ≳ 6,” <i>Astrophysical Journal</i>, vol. 974, no. 2. IOP Publishing, 2024.","short":"A.C. Eilers, R. Mackenzie, E. Pizzati, J.J. Matthee, J.F. Hennawi, H. Zhang, R. Bordoloi, D. Kashino, S.J. Lilly, R.P. Naidu, R.A. Simcoe, M. Yue, C.S. Frenk, J.C. Helly, M. Schaller, J. Schaye, Astrophysical Journal 974 (2024).","chicago":"Eilers, Anna Christina, Ruari Mackenzie, Elia Pizzati, Jorryt J Matthee, Joseph F. Hennawi, Haowen Zhang, Rongmon Bordoloi, et al. “EIGER. VI. The Correlation Function, Host Halo Mass, and Duty Cycle of Luminous Quasars at z ≳ 6.” <i>Astrophysical Journal</i>. IOP Publishing, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad778b\">https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad778b</a>.","apa":"Eilers, A. C., Mackenzie, R., Pizzati, E., Matthee, J. J., Hennawi, J. F., Zhang, H., … Schaye, J. (2024). EIGER. VI. The correlation function, host halo mass, and duty cycle of luminous quasars at z ≳ 6. <i>Astrophysical Journal</i>. IOP Publishing. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad778b\">https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad778b</a>","ama":"Eilers AC, Mackenzie R, Pizzati E, et al. EIGER. VI. The correlation function, host halo mass, and duty cycle of luminous quasars at z ≳ 6. <i>Astrophysical Journal</i>. 2024;974(2). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad778b\">10.3847/1538-4357/ad778b</a>","ista":"Eilers AC, Mackenzie R, Pizzati E, Matthee JJ, Hennawi JF, Zhang H, Bordoloi R, Kashino D, Lilly SJ, Naidu RP, Simcoe RA, Yue M, Frenk CS, Helly JC, Schaller M, Schaye J. 2024. EIGER. VI. The correlation function, host halo mass, and duty cycle of luminous quasars at z ≳ 6. Astrophysical Journal. 974(2), 275."},"publication":"Astrophysical Journal","quality_controlled":"1","issue":"2","article_number":"275","intvolume":"       974","volume":974,"researchdata_availability":"no","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1538-4357"],"issn":["0004-637X"]},"article_type":"original","oa_version":"Published Version","month":"10","publisher":"IOP Publishing","external_id":{"isi":["001338877100001"]},"acknowledgement":"The authors would like to thank the anonymous referee for the thoughtful comments, which significantly improved our manuscript, and Jan-Torge Schindler, Jiamu Huang, and Feige Wang for helpful discussions.\r\n\r\nJ.F.H. and E.P. acknowledge support from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Unions Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement No. 885301). J.M. acknowledges support from the European Union (ERC, AGENTS, 101076224).\r\n\r\nThis work is based on observations made with the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope. The JWST data presented in this article were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-03127 for JWST. The specific observations analyzed are associated with program #1243 and can be accessed via doi:10.17909/m5mp-5v90.\r\n\r\nThis work used the DiRAC Memory Intensive service (Cosma8) at the University of Durham, which is part of the STFC DiRAC HPC Facility (www.dirac.ac.uk). Access to DiRAC resources was granted through a Directors Discretionary Time allocation in 2023/24, under the auspices of the UKRI-funded DiRAC Federation Project. The equipment was funded by BEIS capital funding via STFC capital grants ST/K00042X/1, ST/P002293/1, ST/R002371/1, and ST/S002502/1, Durham University and STFC operations grant ST/R000832/1. DiRAC is part of the National e-Infrastructure.\r\n\r\nWe thank the Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia (IAA-CSIC), Centro de Supercomputacion de Galicia (CESGA), and Spanish Academic and Research Network (RedIRIS) in Spain for hosting Uchuu DR1, DR2, and DR3 in the Skies & Universes site for cosmological simulations. The Uchuu simulations were carried out on the Aterui II supercomputer at the Center for Computational Astrophysics, CfCA, of the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, and the K computer at the RIKEN Advanced Institute for Computational Science. The Uchuu Data Releases efforts have made use of the skunIAA_RedIRIS and skun6IAA computer facilities managed by the IAA-CSIC in Spain (MICINN EU-Feder grant EQC2018-004366-P).","_id":"18494","department":[{"_id":"JoMa"}],"title":"EIGER. VI. The correlation function, host halo mass, and duty cycle of luminous quasars at z ≳ 6","project":[{"_id":"bd9b2118-d553-11ed-ba76-db24564edfea","grant_number":"101076224","name":"Young galaxies as tracers and agents of cosmic reionization"}],"file":[{"relation":"main_file","success":1,"date_updated":"2024-11-04T08:42:23Z","file_name":"2024_AstrophysicalJour_Eilers.pdf","access_level":"open_access","date_created":"2024-11-04T08:42:23Z","content_type":"application/pdf","file_id":"18496","file_size":1042470,"checksum":"1fcac3d11d01d91cf2bb4963b6e10b22","creator":"dernst"}],"publication_status":"published","isi":1,"fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad778b","status":"public","ddc":["520"],"OA_type":"gold","type":"journal_article","supplementarymaterial":"no","OA_place":"publisher","oa":1,"article_processing_charge":"Yes","file_date_updated":"2024-11-04T08:42:23Z","has_accepted_license":"1","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","short":"CC BY (4.0)"}},{"status":"public","ddc":["520"],"OA_type":"hybrid","type":"journal_article","file":[{"creator":"dernst","checksum":"10ae78291aa9fa9a9e64724c42d91588","file_size":825494,"file_id":"18457","content_type":"application/pdf","date_created":"2024-10-21T11:45:35Z","file_name":"2024_AstronomyAstrophysics_Matharu.pdf","access_level":"open_access","relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2024-10-21T11:45:35Z","success":1}],"title":"A first look at spatially resolved star formation at 4.8 < z < 6.5 with JWST FRESCO NIRCam slitless spectroscopy","publication_status":"published","isi":1,"fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202450522","arxiv":1,"oa":1,"file_date_updated":"2024-10-21T11:45:35Z","article_processing_charge":"Yes (in subscription journal)","has_accepted_license":"1","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"supplementarymaterial":"no","OA_place":"publisher","author":[{"first_name":"Jasleen","last_name":"Matharu","full_name":"Matharu, Jasleen"},{"last_name":"Nelson","first_name":"Erica J.","full_name":"Nelson, Erica J."},{"first_name":"Gabriel","last_name":"Brammer","full_name":"Brammer, Gabriel"},{"full_name":"Oesch, Pascal A.","last_name":"Oesch","first_name":"Pascal A."},{"full_name":"Allen, Natalie","last_name":"Allen","first_name":"Natalie"},{"full_name":"Shivaei, Irene","first_name":"Irene","last_name":"Shivaei"},{"first_name":"Rohan P.","last_name":"Naidu","full_name":"Naidu, Rohan P."},{"full_name":"Chisholm, John","first_name":"John","last_name":"Chisholm"},{"first_name":"Alba","last_name":"Covelo-Paz","full_name":"Covelo-Paz, Alba"},{"last_name":"Fudamoto","first_name":"Yoshinobu","full_name":"Fudamoto, Yoshinobu"},{"full_name":"Giovinazzo, Emma","last_name":"Giovinazzo","first_name":"Emma"},{"full_name":"Herard-Demanche, Thomas","first_name":"Thomas","last_name":"Herard-Demanche"},{"first_name":"Josephine","last_name":"Kerutt","full_name":"Kerutt, Josephine"},{"last_name":"Kramarenko","id":"9a9394cb-3200-11ee-973b-f5ba2a8b16e4","first_name":"Ivan","orcid":"0000-0001-5346-6048","full_name":"Kramarenko, Ivan"},{"full_name":"Marchesini, Danilo","last_name":"Marchesini","first_name":"Danilo"},{"first_name":"Romain A.","last_name":"Meyer","full_name":"Meyer, Romain A."},{"first_name":"Gonzalo","last_name":"Prieto-Lyon","full_name":"Prieto-Lyon, Gonzalo"},{"last_name":"Reddy","first_name":"Naveen","full_name":"Reddy, Naveen"},{"last_name":"Shuntov","first_name":"Marko","full_name":"Shuntov, Marko"},{"full_name":"Weibel, Andrea","last_name":"Weibel","first_name":"Andrea"},{"last_name":"Wuyts","first_name":"Stijn","full_name":"Wuyts, Stijn"},{"full_name":"Xiao, Mengyuan","last_name":"Xiao","first_name":"Mengyuan"}],"date_updated":"2026-10-15T09:27:12Z","date_created":"2024-10-20T22:02:06Z","year":"2024","citation":{"ista":"Matharu J, Nelson EJ, Brammer G, Oesch PA, Allen N, Shivaei I, Naidu RP, Chisholm J, Covelo-Paz A, Fudamoto Y, Giovinazzo E, Herard-Demanche T, Kerutt J, Kramarenko I, Marchesini D, Meyer RA, Prieto-Lyon G, Reddy N, Shuntov M, Weibel A, Wuyts S, Xiao M. 2024. A first look at spatially resolved star formation at 4.8 &#60; z &#60; 6.5 with JWST FRESCO NIRCam slitless spectroscopy. Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics. 690, A64.","ama":"Matharu J, Nelson EJ, Brammer G, et al. A first look at spatially resolved star formation at 4.8 &#60; z &#60; 6.5 with JWST FRESCO NIRCam slitless spectroscopy. <i>Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics</i>. 2024;690. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202450522\">10.1051/0004-6361/202450522</a>","apa":"Matharu, J., Nelson, E. J., Brammer, G., Oesch, P. A., Allen, N., Shivaei, I., … Xiao, M. (2024). A first look at spatially resolved star formation at 4.8 &#60; z &#60; 6.5 with JWST FRESCO NIRCam slitless spectroscopy. <i>Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics</i>. EDP Sciences. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202450522\">https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202450522</a>","chicago":"Matharu, Jasleen, Erica J. Nelson, Gabriel Brammer, Pascal A. Oesch, Natalie Allen, Irene Shivaei, Rohan P. Naidu, et al. “A First Look at Spatially Resolved Star Formation at 4.8 &#60; z &#60; 6.5 with JWST FRESCO NIRCam Slitless Spectroscopy.” <i>Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics</i>. EDP Sciences, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202450522\">https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202450522</a>.","short":"J. Matharu, E.J. Nelson, G. Brammer, P.A. Oesch, N. Allen, I. Shivaei, R.P. Naidu, J. Chisholm, A. Covelo-Paz, Y. Fudamoto, E. Giovinazzo, T. Herard-Demanche, J. Kerutt, I. Kramarenko, D. Marchesini, R.A. Meyer, G. Prieto-Lyon, N. Reddy, M. Shuntov, A. Weibel, S. Wuyts, M. Xiao, Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics 690 (2024).","ieee":"J. Matharu <i>et al.</i>, “A first look at spatially resolved star formation at 4.8 &#60; z &#60; 6.5 with JWST FRESCO NIRCam slitless spectroscopy,” <i>Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics</i>, vol. 690. EDP Sciences, 2024.","mla":"Matharu, Jasleen, et al. “A First Look at Spatially Resolved Star Formation at 4.8 &#60; z &#60; 6.5 with JWST FRESCO NIRCam Slitless Spectroscopy.” <i>Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics</i>, vol. 690, A64, EDP Sciences, 2024, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202450522\">10.1051/0004-6361/202450522</a>."},"publication":"Astronomy & Astrophysics","scopus_import":"1","abstract":[{"text":"We present the first results on the spatial distribution of star formation in 454 star-forming galaxies just after the epoch of reionisation (4.8 < z < 6.5) using Hα emission-line maps and F444W imaging that traces the stellar continuum from the JWST FRESCO NIRCam Slitless Spectroscopy Survey. The Hα equivalent width profiles of star-forming galaxies across the main sequence at z ∼ 5.3 with stellar masses 6.8≤ log(M*/M⊙) < 11.1 increase with radius, which provides direct evidence for the inside-out growth of star-forming galaxies just after the epoch of reionisation. GALFIT was used to calculate half-light radii, Reff, and central surface densities within 1 kiloparsec, Σ1kpc of Hα and the continuum. At a fixed stellar mass of Log(M*/M⊙) = 9.5, Σ1kpc, Hα is 1.04 ± 0.05 times higher than Σ1kpc, C, Reff, Hα is 1.18 ± 0.03 times larger than Reff, C and both Reff measurements are smaller than 1 kiloparsec. These measurements suggest the rapid build-up of compact bulges via star formation just after the epoch of reionisation. By comparison to analogous work done at lower redshifts with Hubble Space Telescope WFC3 slitless spectroscopy as part of the 3D-HST (z ∼ 1) and CLEAR (z ∼ 0.5) surveys, we find that Reff(z) evolves at the same pace for Hα and the continuum, but Σ1kpc(z) evolves faster for Hα than the stellar continuum. As a function of the Hubble parameter, Reff, Hα/Reff,C = 1.1h(z) and Σ1 kpc, Hα/Σ1 kpc,C = h(z)1.3. These parametrisations suggest that the inside-out growth of the disk starts to dominate the inside-out growth of the bulge towards lower redshifts. This is supported by the redshift evolution in the EW(Hα) profiles from FRESCO, 3D-HST, and CLEAR at fixed stellar mass and when star-forming progenitors are traced, in which in EW(Hα) rapidly increases with radius within the half-light radius at z ∼ 5.3, but EW(Hα) increases only significantly with radius in the outer disk at z ∼ 0.5.","lang":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1051/0004-6361/202450522","day":"01","date_published":"2024-10-01T00:00:00Z","das_tickbox":"0","oa_version":"Published Version","month":"10","publisher":"EDP Sciences","external_id":{"isi":["001322237700004"],"arxiv":["2404.17629"]},"acknowledgement":"JM is grateful to the Cosmic Dawn Center for the DAWN Fellowship. JM thanks Adam Muzzin, Viola Gelli and Anne Hutter for useful discussions that led to improvements in the analysis presented in this paper. This work is based on observations made with the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope. The raw data were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for\r\nSpace Telescopes at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-03127 for JWST. These observations are associated with JWST Cycle 1 GO program #1895. Support for program JWST-GO-1895 was provided by NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Associations of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Incorporated, under NASA contract NAS5-26555. The Cosmic Dawn Center  DAWN) is funded by the Danish National Research Foundation under grant DNRF140.\r\nThis work has received funding from the Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation (SERI) under contract number MB22.00072, as well as from the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) through project grant 200020_207349. RPN thanks the NASA Hubble Fellowshp Program for the Hubble Fellowship. DM acknowledges funding from JWST-GO-01895.013, provided through a grant from the STScI under NASA contract NAS5-03127.","_id":"18447","department":[{"_id":"JoMa"}],"quality_controlled":"1","article_number":"A64","intvolume":"       690","volume":690,"researchdata_availability":"no","article_type":"original","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0004-6361"],"eissn":["1432-0746"]}},{"publication_status":"published","title":"ALMA survey of a massive node of the Cosmic Web at z ∼ 3: I. Discovery of a large overdensity of CO emitters","file":[{"checksum":"ab48775b6946cebfa27ddded5a68fdd2","creator":"dernst","file_size":4410627,"file_id":"15341","access_level":"open_access","file_name":"2024_AstronomyAstrophysics_Pensabene.pdf","content_type":"application/pdf","date_created":"2024-04-23T06:59:18Z","success":1,"relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2024-04-23T06:59:18Z"}],"isi":1,"arxiv":1,"fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202348659","status":"public","ddc":["520"],"type":"journal_article","supplementarymaterial":"no","oa":1,"file_date_updated":"2024-04-23T06:59:18Z","article_processing_charge":"Yes (in subscription journal)","has_accepted_license":"1","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Submillimeter surveys toward overdense regions in the early Universe are essential for uncovering the obscured star formation and the cold gas content of assembling galaxies within massive dark matter halos. In this work, we present deep ALMA mosaic observations covering an area of ∼2′×2′ around MUSE Quasar Nebula 01 (MQN01), one of the largest and brightest Ly-α emitting nebulae discovered thus far; it surrounds a radio-quiet quasar at z ≃ 3.25. Our observations target the 1.2 and the 3 mm dust continuum as well as the carbon monoxide CO(4–3) transition in galaxies in the vicinity of the quasar. We identify a robust sample of 11 CO-line-emitting galaxies (including a closely separated quasar companion) that lie within ±4000 km s−1 of the quasar systemic redshift. A fraction of these objects were missed in previous deep rest-frame optical/UV surveys, which highlights the critical role of (sub)millimeter imaging. We also detect a total of 11 sources revealed in the dust continuum at 1.2 mm; six of them have either high-fidelity spectroscopic redshift information from rest-frame UV metal absorptions or the CO(4–3) line that places them in the same narrow redshift range. A comparison of the CO luminosity function and 1.2 mm number count density with those of the general fields points to a galaxy overdensity of δ > 10. We find evidence of a systematic flattening at the bright end of the CO luminosity function with respect to the trend measured in blank fields. Our findings reveal that galaxies in dense regions at z ∼ 3 are more massive and significantly richer in molecular gas than galaxies in fields, which enables a faster and accelerated assembly. This is the first in a series of studies aimed at characterizing one of the densest regions of the Universe found so far at z > 3."}],"scopus_import":"1","date_published":"2024-04-01T00:00:00Z","day":"01","doi":"10.1051/0004-6361/202348659","das_tickbox":"0","author":[{"last_name":"Pensabene","first_name":"A.","full_name":"Pensabene, A."},{"last_name":"Cantalupo","first_name":"S.","full_name":"Cantalupo, S."},{"full_name":"Cicone, C.","last_name":"Cicone","first_name":"C."},{"last_name":"Decarli","first_name":"R.","full_name":"Decarli, R."},{"full_name":"Galbiati, M.","first_name":"M.","last_name":"Galbiati"},{"last_name":"Ginolfi","first_name":"M.","full_name":"Ginolfi, M."},{"full_name":"De Beer, S.","first_name":"S.","last_name":"De Beer"},{"full_name":"Fossati, M.","first_name":"M.","last_name":"Fossati"},{"full_name":"Fumagalli, M.","first_name":"M.","last_name":"Fumagalli"},{"last_name":"Lazeyras","first_name":"T.","full_name":"Lazeyras, T."},{"full_name":"Pezzulli, G.","first_name":"G.","last_name":"Pezzulli"},{"first_name":"A.","last_name":"Travascio","full_name":"Travascio, A."},{"first_name":"W.","last_name":"Wang","full_name":"Wang, W."},{"full_name":"Matthee, Jorryt J","orcid":"0000-0003-2871-127X","id":"7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720","first_name":"Jorryt J","last_name":"Matthee"},{"last_name":"Maseda","first_name":"M. V.","full_name":"Maseda, M. V."}],"date_updated":"2026-10-15T09:19:58Z","citation":{"apa":"Pensabene, A., Cantalupo, S., Cicone, C., Decarli, R., Galbiati, M., Ginolfi, M., … Maseda, M. V. (2024). ALMA survey of a massive node of the Cosmic Web at z ∼ 3: I. Discovery of a large overdensity of CO emitters. <i>Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics</i>. EDP Sciences. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202348659\">https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202348659</a>","ama":"Pensabene A, Cantalupo S, Cicone C, et al. ALMA survey of a massive node of the Cosmic Web at z ∼ 3: I. Discovery of a large overdensity of CO emitters. <i>Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics</i>. 2024;684. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202348659\">10.1051/0004-6361/202348659</a>","ista":"Pensabene A, Cantalupo S, Cicone C, Decarli R, Galbiati M, Ginolfi M, De Beer S, Fossati M, Fumagalli M, Lazeyras T, Pezzulli G, Travascio A, Wang W, Matthee JJ, Maseda MV. 2024. ALMA survey of a massive node of the Cosmic Web at z ∼ 3: I. Discovery of a large overdensity of CO emitters. Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics. 684, A119.","mla":"Pensabene, A., et al. “ALMA Survey of a Massive Node of the Cosmic Web at z ∼ 3: I. Discovery of a Large Overdensity of CO Emitters.” <i>Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics</i>, vol. 684, A119, EDP Sciences, 2024, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202348659\">10.1051/0004-6361/202348659</a>.","short":"A. Pensabene, S. Cantalupo, C. Cicone, R. Decarli, M. Galbiati, M. Ginolfi, S. De Beer, M. Fossati, M. Fumagalli, T. Lazeyras, G. Pezzulli, A. Travascio, W. Wang, J.J. Matthee, M.V. Maseda, Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics 684 (2024).","ieee":"A. Pensabene <i>et al.</i>, “ALMA survey of a massive node of the Cosmic Web at z ∼ 3: I. Discovery of a large overdensity of CO emitters,” <i>Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics</i>, vol. 684. EDP Sciences, 2024.","chicago":"Pensabene, A., S. Cantalupo, C. Cicone, R. Decarli, M. Galbiati, M. Ginolfi, S. De Beer, et al. “ALMA Survey of a Massive Node of the Cosmic Web at z ∼ 3: I. Discovery of a Large Overdensity of CO Emitters.” <i>Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics</i>. EDP Sciences, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202348659\">https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202348659</a>."},"date_created":"2024-04-21T22:00:53Z","year":"2024","publication":"Astronomy & Astrophysics","quality_controlled":"1","article_number":"A119","intvolume":"       684","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0004-6361"],"eissn":["1432-0746"]},"article_type":"original","volume":684,"researchdata_availability":"no","publisher":"EDP Sciences","month":"04","oa_version":"Published Version","external_id":{"isi":["001199982500009"],"arxiv":["2401.04765"]},"acknowledgement":"We thank the anonymous referee for the careful reading of the paper and useful suggestions which improved the manuscript. We thank Dr. Leindert Boogaard for sharing data and providing support in the data analysis process. This paper makes use of the following ALMA data: ADS/JAO.ALMA#2021.1.00793.S. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA) and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada), MOST and ASIAA (Taiwan), and KASI (Republic of Korea), in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO and NAOJ. This project was supported by the European Research Council (ERC) Consolidator Grant 864361 (CosmicWeb) and by Fondazione Cariplo grant no. 2020-0902. M.M. was supported in part by grant HST-GO-17065. This research made use of Astropy (http://www.astropy.org), a community-developed core Python package for Astronomy (Astropy Collaboration 2013, 2018), NumPy (Harris et al. 2020), SciPy (Virtanen et al. 2020), Matplotlib (Hunter 2007), and Statsmodel (Seabold & Perktold 2010).","department":[{"_id":"JoMa"}],"_id":"15336"},{"author":[{"full_name":"Neufeld, Chloe","first_name":"Chloe","last_name":"Neufeld"},{"full_name":"Van Dokkum, Pieter","last_name":"Van Dokkum","first_name":"Pieter"},{"full_name":"Asali, Yasmeen","last_name":"Asali","first_name":"Yasmeen"},{"full_name":"Covelo-Paz, Alba","first_name":"Alba","last_name":"Covelo-Paz"},{"full_name":"Leja, Joel","first_name":"Joel","last_name":"Leja"},{"full_name":"Lin, Jamie","last_name":"Lin","first_name":"Jamie"},{"full_name":"Matthee, Jorryt J","orcid":"0000-0003-2871-127X","first_name":"Jorryt J","id":"7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720","last_name":"Matthee"},{"full_name":"Oesch, Pascal A.","last_name":"Oesch","first_name":"Pascal A."},{"last_name":"Reddy","first_name":"Naveen A.","full_name":"Reddy, Naveen A."},{"full_name":"Shivaei, Irene","first_name":"Irene","last_name":"Shivaei"},{"full_name":"Whitaker, Katherine E.","first_name":"Katherine E.","last_name":"Whitaker"},{"full_name":"Wuyts, Stijn","last_name":"Wuyts","first_name":"Stijn"},{"full_name":"Brammer, Gabriel","last_name":"Brammer","first_name":"Gabriel"},{"full_name":"Marchesini, Danilo","first_name":"Danilo","last_name":"Marchesini"},{"last_name":"Maseda","first_name":"Michael V.","full_name":"Maseda, Michael V."},{"first_name":"Rohan P.","last_name":"Naidu","full_name":"Naidu, Rohan P."},{"full_name":"Nelson, Erica J.","first_name":"Erica J.","last_name":"Nelson"},{"last_name":"Velichko","first_name":"Anna","full_name":"Velichko, Anna"},{"last_name":"Weibel","first_name":"Andrea","full_name":"Weibel, Andrea"},{"first_name":"Mengyuan","last_name":"Xiao","full_name":"Xiao, Mengyuan"}],"date_updated":"2026-10-15T09:22:54Z","date_created":"2024-09-15T22:01:40Z","year":"2024","citation":{"ista":"Neufeld C, Van Dokkum P, Asali Y, Covelo-Paz A, Leja J, Lin J, Matthee JJ, Oesch PA, Reddy NA, Shivaei I, Whitaker KE, Wuyts S, Brammer G, Marchesini D, Maseda MV, Naidu RP, Nelson EJ, Velichko A, Weibel A, Xiao M. 2024. FRESCO: The Paschen-α star-forming sequence at cosmic noon. Astrophysical Journal. 972(2), 156.","ama":"Neufeld C, Van Dokkum P, Asali Y, et al. FRESCO: The Paschen-α star-forming sequence at cosmic noon. <i>Astrophysical Journal</i>. 2024;972(2). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad6158\">10.3847/1538-4357/ad6158</a>","apa":"Neufeld, C., Van Dokkum, P., Asali, Y., Covelo-Paz, A., Leja, J., Lin, J., … Xiao, M. (2024). FRESCO: The Paschen-α star-forming sequence at cosmic noon. <i>Astrophysical Journal</i>. IOP Publishing. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad6158\">https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad6158</a>","chicago":"Neufeld, Chloe, Pieter Van Dokkum, Yasmeen Asali, Alba Covelo-Paz, Joel Leja, Jamie Lin, Jorryt J Matthee, et al. “FRESCO: The Paschen-α Star-Forming Sequence at Cosmic Noon.” <i>Astrophysical Journal</i>. IOP Publishing, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad6158\">https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad6158</a>.","mla":"Neufeld, Chloe, et al. “FRESCO: The Paschen-α Star-Forming Sequence at Cosmic Noon.” <i>Astrophysical Journal</i>, vol. 972, no. 2, 156, IOP Publishing, 2024, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad6158\">10.3847/1538-4357/ad6158</a>.","ieee":"C. Neufeld <i>et al.</i>, “FRESCO: The Paschen-α star-forming sequence at cosmic noon,” <i>Astrophysical Journal</i>, vol. 972, no. 2. IOP Publishing, 2024.","short":"C. Neufeld, P. Van Dokkum, Y. Asali, A. Covelo-Paz, J. Leja, J. Lin, J.J. Matthee, P.A. Oesch, N.A. Reddy, I. Shivaei, K.E. Whitaker, S. Wuyts, G. Brammer, D. Marchesini, M.V. Maseda, R.P. Naidu, E.J. Nelson, A. Velichko, A. Weibel, M. Xiao, Astrophysical Journal 972 (2024)."},"publication":"Astrophysical Journal","abstract":[{"text":"We present results from the JWST First Reionization Epoch Spectroscopically Complete Observations survey on the star-forming sequence (SFS) of galaxies at 1.0 < z < 1.7, around the peak of the cosmic star formation history. Star formation rates (SFRs) are measured from the redshifted, relatively dust-insensitive Paschen-α emission line, and stellar mass measurements include the F444W (4.4 μm; rest-frame H) band. We find SFRs of galaxies with log(M*/M⊙) > 9.5 that are lower than found in many earlier studies by up to 0.6 dex, but in good agreement with recent results obtained with the Prospector fitting framework. The difference (log(SFR(Paα)-SFR(Prospector)) is −0.09 ± 0.04 dex at 1010−11M⊙. We also measure the empirical relation between Paschen-α luminosity and rest-frame H-band magnitude and find that the scatter is only 0.04 dex lower than that of the SFR–M* relation and is much lower than the systematic differences among relations in the literature due to various methods of converting observed measurements to physical properties. We additionally identify examples of sources—that, with standard cutoffs via the UVJ diagram, would be deemed quiescent—with significant (log(sSFR)> −11 yr−1), typically extended, Paschen-α emission. Our results may be indicative of the potential unification of methods used to derive the SFS with careful selection of star-forming galaxies and independent SFR and stellar mass indicators.","lang":"eng"}],"scopus_import":"1","doi":"10.3847/1538-4357/ad6158","DOAJ_listed":"1","day":"01","date_published":"2024-09-01T00:00:00Z","das_tickbox":"1","oa_version":"Published Version","month":"09","publisher":"IOP Publishing","external_id":{"isi":["001305987600001"]},"acknowledgement":"The authors thank the anonymous referee whose comments and suggestions improved the quality of this work.\r\nThis work is based on observations made with the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope. The data were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-03127 for JWST. These observations are associated with program No. 1895.\r\nSupport for this work was provided by NASA through grant JWST-GO-01895 awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555.\r\nThis work has received funding from the Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research, and Innovation (SERI) under contract No. MB22.00072, as well as from the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) through project grant 200020_207349. The Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN) is funded by the Danish National Research Foundation under grant No. 140.\r\nR.P.N. acknowledges funding from JWST programs GO-1933 and GO-2279. Support for this work was provided by NASA through the NASA Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF2-51515.001-A awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555\r\nCloud-based data processing and file storage for this work is provided by the AWS Cloud Credits for Research program.\r\nThis paper made use of several publicly available software packages. We thank the respective authors for sharing their work: IPython (Pérez & Granger 2007), matplotlib (Hunter 2007), seaborn (Waskom et al. 2018), NumPy (Harris et al. 2020), SciPy (Virtanen et al. 2020), jupyter (Kluyver et al. 2016), Astropy (Astropy Collaboration et al. 2013, 2018, 2022), grizli (Brammer 2018; Brammer et al. 2022), Prospector (Leja et al. 2019, 2017; Johnson et al. 2021), FSPS (Conroy et al. 2009a, 2010; Conroy & Gunn 2010a, 2010b; Foreman-Mackey et al. 2014), dynesty (Speagle 2020), EAZY (Brammer et al. 2008), Bagpipes (Carnall et al. 2018), and SExtractor (Bertin & Arnouts 1996).","_id":"18069","department":[{"_id":"JoMa"}],"quality_controlled":"1","article_number":"156","issue":"2","intvolume":"       972","researchdata_availability":"yes","volume":972,"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1538-4357"],"issn":["0004-637X"]},"article_type":"original","status":"public","ddc":["520"],"type":"journal_article","title":"FRESCO: The Paschen-α star-forming sequence at cosmic noon","file":[{"file_id":"18082","file_size":9960685,"checksum":"754b58c1d79adb9670ca76fa8c20ab16","creator":"dernst","success":1,"relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2024-09-17T08:23:59Z","file_name":"2024_AstrophysicalJourn_Neufeld.pdf","access_level":"open_access","date_created":"2024-09-17T08:23:59Z","content_type":"application/pdf"}],"publication_status":"published","isi":1,"fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad6158","oa":1,"has_accepted_license":"1","article_processing_charge":"Yes","file_date_updated":"2024-09-17T08:23:59Z","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"dataavailabilitystatement":"The JWST data presented in this article were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST) at the Space Telescope Science Institute. The specific observations analyzed can be accessed on the MAST website. 26","supplementarymaterial":"yes"}]