@article{10717,
abstract = {Much of what we know about the role of auxin in plant development derives from exogenous manipulations of auxin distribution and signaling, using inhibitors, auxins and auxin analogs. In this context, synthetic auxin analogs, such as 1-Naphtalene Acetic Acid (1-NAA), are often favored over the endogenous auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), in part due to their higher stability. While such auxin analogs have proven to be instrumental to reveal the various faces of auxin, they display in some cases distinct bioactivities compared to IAA. Here, we focused on the effect of auxin analogs on the accumulation of PIN proteins in Brefeldin A-sensitive endosomal aggregations (BFA bodies), and the correlation with the ability to elicit Ca 2+ responses. For a set of commonly used auxin analogs, we evaluated if auxin-analog induced Ca 2+ signaling inhibits PIN accumulation. Not all auxin analogs elicited a Ca 2+ response, and their differential ability to elicit Ca 2+ responses correlated partially with their ability to inhibit BFA-body formation. However, in tir1/afb and cngc14, 1-NAA-induced Ca 2+ signaling was strongly impaired, yet 1-NAA still could inhibit PIN accumulation in BFA bodies. This demonstrates that TIR1/AFB-CNGC14-dependent Ca 2+ signaling does not inhibit BFA body formation in Arabidopsis roots.},
author = {Wang, R and Himschoot, E and Grenzi, M and Chen, J and Safi, A and Krebs, M and Schumacher, K and Nowack, MK and Moeder, W and Yoshioka, K and Van Damme, D and De Smet, I and Geelen, D and Beeckman, T and Friml, Jiří and Costa, A and Vanneste, S},
issn = {1460-2431},
journal = {Journal of Experimental Botany},
number = {8},
publisher = {Oxford University Press},
title = {{Auxin analog-induced Ca2+ signaling is independent of inhibition of endosomal aggregation in Arabidopsis roots}},
doi = {10.1093/jxb/erac019},
volume = {73},
year = {2022},
}
@article{10719,
abstract = {Auxin, one of the first identified and most widely studied phytohormones, has been and will remain a hot topic in plant biology. After more than a century of passionate exploration, the mysteries of its synthesis, transport, signaling, and metabolism have largely been unlocked. Due to the rapid development of new technologies, new methods, and new genetic materials, the study of auxin has entered the fast lane over the past 30 years. Here, we highlight advances in understanding auxin signaling, including auxin perception, rapid auxin responses, TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESPONSE 1 and AUXIN SIGNALING F-boxes (TIR1/AFBs)-mediated transcriptional and non-transcriptional branches, and the epigenetic regulation of auxin signaling. We also focus on feedback inhibition mechanisms that prevent the over-amplification of auxin signals. In addition, we cover the TRANSMEMBRANE KINASEs (TMKs)-mediated non-canonical signaling, which converges with TIR1/AFBs-mediated transcriptional regulation to coordinate plant growth and development. The identification of additional auxin signaling components and their regulation will continue to open new avenues of research in this field, leading to an increasingly deeper, more comprehensive understanding of how auxin signals are interpreted at the cellular level to regulate plant growth and development.},
author = {Yu, Z and Zhang, F and Friml, Jiří and Ding, Z},
issn = {1744-7909},
journal = {Journal of Integrative Plant Biology},
number = {2},
pages = {371--392},
publisher = {Wiley},
title = {{Auxin signaling: Research advances over the past 30 years}},
doi = {10.1111/jipb.13225},
volume = {64},
year = {2022},
}
@article{10768,
abstract = {Among the most fascinated properties of the plant hormone auxin is its ability to promote formation of its own directional transport routes. These gradually narrowing auxin channels form from the auxin source toward the sink and involve coordinated, collective polarization of individual cells. Once established, the channels provide positional information, along which new vascular strands form, for example, during organogenesis, regeneration, or leave venation. The main prerequisite of this still mysterious auxin canalization mechanism is a feedback between auxin signaling and its directional transport. This is manifested by auxin-induced re-arrangements of polar, subcellular localization of PIN-FORMED (PIN) auxin exporters. Immanent open questions relate to how position of auxin source and sink as well as tissue context are sensed and translated into tissue polarization and how cells communicate to polarize coordinately. Recently, identification of the first molecular players opens new avenues into molecular studies of this intriguing example of self-organizing plant development.},
author = {Hajny, Jakub and Tan, Shutang and Friml, Jiří},
issn = {1369-5266},
journal = {Current Opinion in Plant Biology},
number = {2},
publisher = {Elsevier},
title = {{Auxin canalization: From speculative models toward molecular players}},
doi = {10.1016/j.pbi.2022.102174},
volume = {65},
year = {2022},
}
@article{10841,
abstract = {In eukaryotes, clathrin-coated vesicles (CCVs) facilitate the internalization of material from the cell surface as well as the movement of cargo in post-Golgi trafficking pathways. This diversity of functions is partially provided by multiple monomeric and multimeric clathrin adaptor complexes that provide compartment and cargo selectivity. The adaptor-protein assembly polypeptide-1 (AP-1) complex operates as part of the secretory pathway at the trans-Golgi network (TGN), while the AP-2 complex and the TPLATE complex jointly operate at the plasma membrane to execute clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Key to our further understanding of clathrin-mediated trafficking in plants will be the comprehensive identification and characterization of the network of evolutionarily conserved and plant-specific core and accessory machinery involved in the formation and targeting of CCVs. To facilitate these studies, we have analyzed the proteome of enriched TGN/early endosome-derived and endocytic CCVs isolated from dividing and expanding suspension-cultured Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) cells. Tandem mass spectrometry analysis results were validated by differential chemical labeling experiments to identify proteins co-enriching with CCVs. Proteins enriched in CCVs included previously characterized CCV components and cargos such as the vacuolar sorting receptors in addition to conserved and plant-specific components whose function in clathrin-mediated trafficking has not been previously defined. Notably, in addition to AP-1 and AP-2, all subunits of the AP-4 complex, but not AP-3 or AP-5, were found to be in high abundance in the CCV proteome. The association of AP-4 with suspension-cultured Arabidopsis CCVs is further supported via additional biochemical data.},
author = {Dahhan, DA and Reynolds, GD and Cárdenas, JJ and Eeckhout, D and Johnson, Alexander J and Yperman, K and Kaufmann, Walter and Vang, N and Yan, X and Hwang, I and Heese, A and De Jaeger, G and Friml, Jiří and Van Damme, D and Pan, J and Bednarek, SY},
issn = {1532-298x},
journal = {Plant Cell},
number = {6},
pages = {2150--2173},
publisher = {Oxford University Press},
title = {{Proteomic characterization of isolated Arabidopsis clathrin-coated vesicles reveals evolutionarily conserved and plant-specific components}},
doi = {10.1093/plcell/koac071},
volume = {34},
year = {2022},
}
@article{10888,
abstract = {Despite the growing interest in using chemical genetics in plant research, small molecule target identification remains a major challenge. The cellular thermal shift assay coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (CETSA MS) that monitors changes in the thermal stability of proteins caused by their interactions with small molecules, other proteins, or posttranslational modifications, allows the discovery of drug targets or the study of protein–metabolite and protein–protein interactions mainly in mammalian cells. To showcase the applicability of this method in plants, we applied CETSA MS to intact Arabidopsis thaliana cells and identified the thermal proteome of the plant-specific glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) inhibitor, bikinin. A comparison between the thermal and the phosphoproteomes of bikinin revealed the auxin efflux carrier PIN-FORMED1 (PIN1) as a substrate of the Arabidopsis GSK3s that negatively regulate the brassinosteroid signaling. We established that PIN1 phosphorylation by the GSK3s is essential for maintaining its intracellular polarity that is required for auxin-mediated regulation of vascular patterning in the leaf, thus revealing cross-talk between brassinosteroid and auxin signaling.},
author = {Lu, Qing and Zhang, Yonghong and Hellner, Joakim and Giannini, Caterina and Xu, Xiangyu and Pauwels, Jarne and Ma, Qian and Dejonghe, Wim and Han, Huibin and Van De Cotte, Brigitte and Impens, Francis and Gevaert, Kris and De Smet, Ive and Friml, Jiří and Molina, Daniel Martinez and Russinova, Eugenia},
issn = {1091-6490},
journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America},
number = {11},
publisher = {National Academy of Sciences},
title = {{Proteome-wide cellular thermal shift assay reveals unexpected cross-talk between brassinosteroid and auxin signaling}},
doi = {10.1073/pnas.2118220119},
volume = {119},
year = {2022},
}
@article{10016,
abstract = {Auxin has always been at the forefront of research in plant physiology and development. Since the earliest contemplations by Julius von Sachs and Charles Darwin, more than a century-long struggle has been waged to understand its function. This largely reflects the failures, successes, and inevitable progress in the entire field of plant signaling and development. Here I present 14 stations on our long and sometimes mystical journey to understand auxin. These highlights were selected to give a flavor of the field and to show the scope and limits of our current knowledge. A special focus is put on features that make auxin unique among phytohormones, such as its dynamic, directional transport network, which integrates external and internal signals, including self-organizing feedback. Accented are persistent mysteries and controversies. The unexpected discoveries related to rapid auxin responses and growth regulation recently disturbed our contentment regarding understanding of the auxin signaling mechanism. These new revelations, along with advances in technology, usher us into a new, exciting era in auxin research. },
author = {Friml, Jiří},
issn = {1943-0264},
journal = {Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology},
number = {5},
publisher = {Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press},
title = {{Fourteen stations of auxin}},
doi = {10.1101/cshperspect.a039859},
volume = {14},
year = {2022},
}
@article{10282,
abstract = {Advanced transcriptome sequencing has revealed that the majority of eukaryotic genes undergo alternative splicing (AS). Nonetheless, little effort has been dedicated to investigating the functional relevance of particular splicing events, even those in the key developmental and hormonal regulators. Combining approaches of genetics, biochemistry and advanced confocal microscopy, we describe the impact of alternative splicing on the PIN7 gene in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. PIN7 encodes a polarly localized transporter for the phytohormone auxin and produces two evolutionarily conserved transcripts, PIN7a and PIN7b. PIN7a and PIN7b, differing in a four amino acid stretch, exhibit almost identical expression patterns and subcellular localization. We reveal that they are closely associated and mutually influence each other's mobility within the plasma membrane. Phenotypic complementation tests indicate that the functional contribution of PIN7b per se is minor, but it markedly reduces the prominent PIN7a activity, which is required for correct seedling apical hook formation and auxin-mediated tropic responses. Our results establish alternative splicing of the PIN family as a conserved, functionally relevant mechanism, revealing an additional regulatory level of auxin-mediated plant development.},
author = {Kashkan, Ivan and Hrtyan, Mónika and Retzer, Katarzyna and Humpolíčková, Jana and Jayasree, Aswathy and Filepová, Roberta and Vondráková, Zuzana and Simon, Sibu and Rombaut, Debbie and Jacobs, Thomas B. and Frilander, Mikko J. and Hejátko, Jan and Friml, Jiří and Petrášek, Jan and Růžička, Kamil},
issn = {1469-8137},
journal = {New Phytologist},
number = {1},
pages = {329--343},
publisher = {Wiley},
title = {{Mutually opposing activity of PIN7 splicing isoforms is required for auxin-mediated tropic responses in Arabidopsis thaliana}},
doi = {10.1111/nph.17792},
volume = {233},
year = {2022},
}
@article{17068,
abstract = {In plants, the antagonism between growth and defense is hardwired by hormonal signaling. The perception of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) from invading microorganisms inhibits auxin signaling and plant growth. Conversely, pathogens manipulate auxin signaling to promote disease, but how this hormone inhibits immunity is not fully understood. Ustilago maydis is a maize pathogen that induces auxin signaling in its host. We characterized a U. maydis effector protein, Naked1 (Nkd1), that is translocated into the host nucleus. Through its native ethylene-responsive element binding factor-associated amphiphilic repression (EAR) motif, Nkd1 binds to the transcriptional co-repressors TOPLESS/TOPLESS-related (TPL/TPRs) and prevents the recruitment of a transcriptional repressor involved in hormonal signaling, leading to the de-repression of auxin and jasmonate signaling and thereby promoting susceptibility to (hemi)biotrophic pathogens. A moderate upregulation of auxin signaling inhibits the PAMP-triggered reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst, an early defense response. Thus, our findings establish a clear mechanism for auxin-induced pathogen susceptibility. Engineered Nkd1 variants with increased expression or increased EAR-mediated TPL/TPR binding trigger typical salicylic-acid-mediated defense reactions, leading to pathogen resistance. This implies that moderate binding of Nkd1 to TPL is a result of a balancing evolutionary selection process to enable TPL manipulation while avoiding host recognition.},
author = {Navarrete, Fernando and Gallei, Michelle C and Kornienko, Aleksandra E. and Saado, Indira and Khan, Mamoona and Chia, Khong-Sam and Darino, Martin A. and Bindics, Janos and Djamei, Armin},
issn = {2590-3462},
journal = {Plant Communications},
number = {2},
publisher = {Elsevier},
title = {{TOPLESS promotes plant immunity by repressing auxin signaling and is targeted by the fungal effector Naked1}},
doi = {10.1016/j.xplc.2021.100269},
volume = {3},
year = {2022},
}
@article{17069,
abstract = {Fertilization of an egg by multiple sperm (polyspermy) leads to lethal genome imbalance and chromosome segregation defects. In Arabidopsis thaliana, the block to polyspermy is facilitated by a mechanism that prevents polytubey (the arrival of multiple pollen tubes to one ovule). We show here that FERONIA, ANJEA, and HERCULES RECEPTOR KINASE 1 receptor-like kinases located at the septum interact with pollen tube–specific RALF6, 7, 16, 36, and 37 peptide ligands to establish this polytubey block. The same combination of RALF (rapid alkalinization factor) peptides and receptor complexes controls pollen tube reception and rupture inside the targeted ovule. Pollen tube rupture releases the polytubey block at the septum, which allows the emergence of secondary pollen tubes upon fertilization failure. Thus, orchestrated steps in the fertilization process in Arabidopsis are coordinated by the same signaling components to guarantee and optimize reproductive success.},
author = {Zhong, Sheng and Li, Ling and Wang, Zhijuan and Ge, Zengxiang and Li, Qiyun and Bleckmann, Andrea and Wang, Jizong and Song, Zihan and Shi, Yihao and Liu, Tianxu and Li, Luhan and Zhou, Huabin and Wang, Yanyan and Zhang, Li and Wu, Hen-Ming and Lai, Luhua and Gu, Hongya and Dong, Juan and Cheung, Alice Y. and Dresselhaus, Thomas and Qu, Li-Jia},
issn = {1095-9203},
journal = {Science},
number = {6578},
pages = {290--296},
publisher = {American Association for the Advancement of Science},
title = {{RALF peptide signaling controls the polytubey block in Arabidopsis}},
doi = {10.1126/science.abl4683},
volume = {375},
year = {2022},
}
@inbook{17085,
abstract = {Mosses are a cosmopolitan group of land plants, sister to vascular plants, with a high potential for molecular and cell biological research. The species Physcomitrium patens has helped gaining better understanding of the biological processes of the plant cell, and it has become a central system to understand water-to-land plant transition through 2D-to-3D growth transition, regulation of asymmetric cell division, shoot apical cell establishment and maintenance, phyllotaxis and regeneration. P. patens was the first fully sequenced moss in 2008, with the latest annotated release in 2018. It has been shown that many gene functions and networks are conserved in mosses when compared to angiosperms. Importantly, this model organism has a simplified and accessible body structure that facilitates close tracking in time and space with the support of live cell imaging set-ups and multiple reporter lines. This has become possible thanks to its fully established molecular toolkit, with highly efficient PEG-assisted, CRISPR/Cas9 and RNAi transformation and silencing protocols, among others. Here we provide examples on how mosses exhibit advantages over vascular plants to study several processes and their future potential to answer some other outstanding questions in plant cell biology.},
author = {Floriach-Clark, Jordi and Tang, Han and Willemsen, Viola},
booktitle = {Model Organisms in Plant Genetics},
editor = {Abdurakhmonov, Ibrokhim Y.},
isbn = {9781839697500},
publisher = {IntechOpen},
title = {{Mosses: Accessible Systems for Plant Development Studies}},
doi = {10.5772/intechopen.100535},
year = {2022},
}
@article{12291,
abstract = {The phytohormone auxin triggers transcriptional reprogramming through a well-characterized perception machinery in the nucleus. By contrast, mechanisms that underlie fast effects of auxin, such as the regulation of ion fluxes, rapid phosphorylation of proteins or auxin feedback on its transport, remain unclear1,2,3. Whether auxin-binding protein 1 (ABP1) is an auxin receptor has been a source of debate for decades1,4. Here we show that a fraction of Arabidopsis thaliana ABP1 is secreted and binds auxin specifically at an acidic pH that is typical of the apoplast. ABP1 and its plasma-membrane-localized partner, transmembrane kinase 1 (TMK1), are required for the auxin-induced ultrafast global phospho-response and for downstream processes that include the activation of H+-ATPase and accelerated cytoplasmic streaming. abp1 and tmk mutants cannot establish auxin-transporting channels and show defective auxin-induced vasculature formation and regeneration. An ABP1(M2X) variant that lacks the capacity to bind auxin is unable to complement these defects in abp1 mutants. These data indicate that ABP1 is the auxin receptor for TMK1-based cell-surface signalling, which mediates the global phospho-response and auxin canalization.},
author = {Friml, Jiří and Gallei, Michelle C and Gelová, Zuzana and Johnson, Alexander J and Mazur, Ewa and Monzer, Aline and Rodriguez Solovey, Lesia and Roosjen, Mark and Verstraeten, Inge and Živanović, Branka D. and Zou, Minxia and Fiedler, Lukas and Giannini, Caterina and Grones, Peter and Hrtyan, Mónika and Kaufmann, Walter and Kuhn, Andre and Narasimhan, Madhumitha and Randuch, Marek and Rýdza, Nikola and Takahashi, Koji and Tan, Shutang and Teplova, Anastasiia and Kinoshita, Toshinori and Weijers, Dolf and Rakusová, Hana},
issn = {1476-4687},
journal = {Nature},
number = {7927},
pages = {575--581},
publisher = {Springer Nature},
title = {{ABP1–TMK auxin perception for global phosphorylation and auxin canalization}},
doi = {10.1038/s41586-022-05187-x},
volume = {609},
year = {2022},
}
@phdthesis{11626,
abstract = {Plant growth and development is well known to be both, flexible and dynamic. The high capacity for post-embryonic organ formation and tissue regeneration requires tightly regulated intercellular communication and coordinated tissue polarization. One of the most important drivers for patterning and polarity in plant development is the phytohormone auxin. Auxin has the unique characteristic to establish polarized channels for its own active directional cell to cell transport. This fascinating phenomenon is called auxin canalization. Those auxin transport channels are characterized by the expression and polar, subcellular localization of PIN auxin efflux carriers. PIN proteins have the ability to dynamically change their localization and auxin itself can affect this by interfering with trafficking. Most of the underlying molecular mechanisms of canalization still remain enigmatic. What is known so far is that canonical auxin signaling is indispensable but also other non-canonical signaling components are thought to play a role. In order to shed light into the mysteries auf auxin canalization this study revisits the branches of auxin signaling in detail. Further a new auxin analogue, PISA, is developed which triggers auxin-like responses but does not directly activate canonical transcriptional auxin signaling. We revisit the direct auxin effect on PIN trafficking where we found that, contradictory to previous observations, auxin is very specifically promoting endocytosis of PIN2 but has no overall effect on endocytosis. Further, we evaluate which cellular processes related to PIN subcellular dynamics are involved in the establishment of auxin conducting channels and the formation of vascular tissue. We are re-evaluating the function of AUXIN BINDING PROTEIN 1 (ABP1) and provide a comprehensive picture about its developmental phneotypes and involvement in auxin signaling and canalization. Lastly, we are focusing on the crosstalk between the hormone strigolactone (SL) and auxin and found that SL is interfering with essentially all processes involved in auxin canalization in a non-transcriptional manner. Lastly we identify a new way of SL perception and signaling which is emanating from mitochondria, is independent of canonical SL signaling and is modulating primary root growth.},
author = {Gallei, Michelle C},
isbn = {978-3-99078-019-0},
issn = {2663-337X},
pages = {248},
publisher = {Institute of Science and Technology Austria},
title = {{Auxin and strigolactone non-canonical signaling regulating development in Arabidopsis thaliana}},
doi = {10.15479/at:ista:11626},
year = {2022},
}
@article{10411,
abstract = {The phytohormone auxin is the major growth regulator governing tropic responses including gravitropism. Auxin build-up at the lower side of stimulated shoots promotes cell expansion, whereas in roots it inhibits growth, leading to upward shoot bending and downward root bending, respectively. Yet it remains an enigma how the same signal can trigger such opposite cellular responses. In this review, we discuss several recent unexpected insights into the mechanisms underlying auxin regulation of growth, challenging several existing models. We focus on the divergent mechanisms of apoplastic pH regulation in shoots and roots revisiting the classical Acid Growth Theory and discuss coordinated involvement of multiple auxin signaling pathways. From this emerges a more comprehensive, updated picture how auxin regulates growth.},
author = {Li, Lanxin and Gallei, Michelle C and Friml, Jiří},
issn = {1360-1385},
journal = {Trends in Plant Science},
number = {5},
pages = {440--449},
publisher = {Cell Press},
title = {{Bending to auxin: Fast acid growth for tropisms}},
doi = {10.1016/j.tplants.2021.11.006},
volume = {27},
year = {2022},
}
@misc{14988,
abstract = {Raw data generated from the publication - The TPLATE complex mediates membrane bending during plant clathrin-mediated endocytosis by Johnson et al., 2021 In PNAS},
author = {Johnson, Alexander J},
publisher = {Zenodo},
title = {{Raw data from Johnson et al, PNAS, 2021}},
doi = {10.5281/ZENODO.5747100},
year = {2021},
}
@article{15266,
abstract = {Plant pathogens often exploit a whole range of effectors to facilitate infection. The RXLR effector AVR1 produced by the oomycete plant pathogen Phytophthora infestans suppresses host defense by targeting Sec5. Sec5 is a subunit of the exocyst, a protein complex that is important for mediating polarized exocytosis during plant development and defense against pathogens. The mechanism by which AVR1 manipulates Sec5 functioning is unknown. In this study, we analyzed the effect of AVR1 on Sec5 localization and functioning in the moss Physcomitrium patens. P. patens has four Sec5 homologs. Two (PpSec5b and PpSec5d) were found to interact with AVR1 in yeast-two-hybrid assays while none of the four showed a positive interaction with AVR1ΔT, a truncated version of AVR1. In P. patens lines carrying β-estradiol inducible AVR1 or AVR1ΔT transgenes, expression of AVR1 or AVR1ΔT caused defects in the development of caulonemal protonema cells and abnormal morphology of chloronema cells. Similar phenotypes were observed in Sec5- or Sec6-silenced P. patens lines, suggesting that both AVR1 and AVR1ΔT affect exocyst functioning in P. patens. With respect to Sec5 localization we found no differences between β-estradiol-treated and untreated transgenic AVR1 lines. Sec5 localizes at the plasma membrane in growing caulonema cells, also during pathogen attack, and its subcellular localization is the same, with or without AVR1 in the vicinity.},
author = {Overdijk, Elysa J. R. and Putker, Vera and Smits, Joep and Tang, Han and Bouwmeester, Klaas and Govers, Francine and Ketelaar, Tijs},
issn = {1932-6203},
journal = {PLoS One},
keywords = {Multidisciplinary},
number = {4},
publisher = {Public Library of Science},
title = {{Phytophthora infestans RXLR effector AVR1 disturbs the growth of Physcomitrium patens without affecting Sec5 localization}},
doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0249637},
volume = {16},
year = {2021},
}
@article{15276,
abstract = {Biotrophic plant pathogens secrete effector proteins to manipulate the host physiology. Effectors suppress defenses and induce an environment favorable to disease development. Sequence-based prediction of effector function is impeded by their rapid evolution rate. In the maize pathogen Ustilago maydis, effector-coding genes frequently organize in clusters. Here we describe the functional characterization of the pleiades, a cluster of ten effector genes, by analyzing the micro- and macroscopic phenotype of the cluster deletion and expressing these proteins in planta. Deletion of the pleiades leads to strongly impaired virulence and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in infected tissue. Eight of the Pleiades suppress the production of ROS upon perception of pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Although functionally redundant, the Pleiades target different host components. The paralogs Taygeta1 and Merope1 suppress ROS production in either the cytoplasm or nucleus, respectively. Merope1 targets and promotes the auto-ubiquitination activity of RFI2, a conserved family of E3 ligases that regulates the production of PAMP-triggered ROS burst in plants.},
author = {Navarrete, Fernando and Grujic, Nenad and Stirnberg, Alexandra and Saado, Indira and Aleksza, David and Gallei, Michelle C and Adi, Hazem and Alcântara, André and Khan, Mamoona and Bindics, Janos and Trujillo, Marco and Djamei, Armin},
issn = {1553-7374},
journal = {PLOS Pathogens},
keywords = {Virology, Genetics, Molecular Biology, Immunology, Microbiology, Parasitology},
number = {6},
publisher = {Public Library of Science},
title = {{The Pleiades are a cluster of fungal effectors that inhibit host defenses}},
doi = {10.1371/journal.ppat.1009641},
volume = {17},
year = {2021},
}
@article{10223,
abstract = {Growth regulation tailors development in plants to their environment. A prominent example of this is the response to gravity, in which shoots bend up and roots bend down1. This paradox is based on opposite effects of the phytohormone auxin, which promotes cell expansion in shoots while inhibiting it in roots via a yet unknown cellular mechanism2. Here, by combining microfluidics, live imaging, genetic engineering and phosphoproteomics in Arabidopsis thaliana, we advance understanding of how auxin inhibits root growth. We show that auxin activates two distinct, antagonistically acting signalling pathways that converge on rapid regulation of apoplastic pH, a causative determinant of growth. Cell surface-based TRANSMEMBRANE KINASE1 (TMK1) interacts with and mediates phosphorylation and activation of plasma membrane H+-ATPases for apoplast acidification, while intracellular canonical auxin signalling promotes net cellular H+ influx, causing apoplast alkalinization. Simultaneous activation of these two counteracting mechanisms poises roots for rapid, fine-tuned growth modulation in navigating complex soil environments.},
author = {Li, Lanxin and Verstraeten, Inge and Roosjen, Mark and Takahashi, Koji and Rodriguez Solovey, Lesia and Merrin, Jack and Chen, Jian and Shabala, Lana and Smet, Wouter and Ren, Hong and Vanneste, Steffen and Shabala, Sergey and De Rybel, Bert and Weijers, Dolf and Kinoshita, Toshinori and Gray, William M. and Friml, Jiří},
issn = {1476-4687},
journal = {Nature},
keywords = {Multidisciplinary},
number = {7884},
pages = {273--277},
publisher = {Springer Nature},
title = {{Cell surface and intracellular auxin signalling for H+ fluxes in root growth}},
doi = {10.1038/s41586-021-04037-6},
volume = {599},
year = {2021},
}
@inbook{10267,
abstract = {Tropisms are among the most important growth responses for plant adaptation to the surrounding environment. One of the most common tropisms is root gravitropism. Root gravitropism enables the plant to anchor securely to the soil enabling the absorption of water and nutrients. Most of the knowledge related to the plant gravitropism has been acquired from the flowering plants, due to limited research in non-seed plants. Limited research on non-seed plants is due in large part to the lack of standard research methods. Here, we describe the experimental methods to evaluate gravitropism in representative non-seed plant species, including the non-vascular plant moss Physcomitrium patens, the early diverging extant vascular plant lycophyte Selaginella moellendorffii and fern Ceratopteris richardii. In addition, we introduce the methods used for statistical analysis of the root gravitropism in non-seed plant species.},
author = {Zhang, Yuzhou and Li, Lanxin and Friml, Jiří},
booktitle = {Plant Gravitropism},
editor = {Blancaflor, Elison B},
isbn = {978-1-0716-1676-5},
pages = {43--51},
publisher = {Springer Nature},
title = {{Evaluation of gravitropism in non-seed plants}},
doi = {10.1007/978-1-0716-1677-2_2},
volume = {2368},
year = {2021},
}
@inbook{10268,
abstract = {The analysis of dynamic cellular processes such as plant cytokinesis stands and falls with live-cell time-lapse confocal imaging. Conventional approaches to time-lapse imaging of cell division in Arabidopsis root tips are tedious and have low throughput. Here, we describe a protocol for long-term time-lapse simultaneous imaging of multiple root tips on a vertical-stage confocal microscope with automated root tracking. We also provide modifications of the basic protocol to implement this imaging method in the analysis of genetic, pharmacological or laser ablation wounding-mediated experimental manipulations. Our method dramatically improves the efficiency of cell division time-lapse imaging by increasing the throughput, while reducing the person-hour requirements of such experiments.},
author = {Hörmayer, Lukas and Friml, Jiří and Glanc, Matous},
booktitle = {Plant Cell Division},
isbn = {978-1-0716-1743-4},
issn = {1940-6029},
pages = {105--114},
publisher = {Humana Press},
title = {{Automated time-lapse imaging and manipulation of cell divisions in Arabidopsis roots by vertical-stage confocal microscopy}},
doi = {10.1007/978-1-0716-1744-1_6},
volume = {2382},
year = {2021},
}
@article{10326,
abstract = {Strigolactones (SLs) are carotenoid-derived plant hormones that control shoot branching and communications between host plants and symbiotic fungi or root parasitic plants. Extensive studies have identified the key components participating in SL biosynthesis and signalling, whereas the catabolism or deactivation of endogenous SLs in planta remains largely unknown. Here, we report that the Arabidopsis carboxylesterase 15 (AtCXE15) and its orthologues function as efficient hydrolases of SLs. We show that overexpression of AtCXE15 promotes shoot branching by dampening SL-inhibited axillary bud outgrowth. We further demonstrate that AtCXE15 could bind and efficiently hydrolyse SLs both in vitro and in planta. We also provide evidence that AtCXE15 is capable of catalysing hydrolysis of diverse SL analogues and that such CXE15-dependent catabolism of SLs is evolutionarily conserved in seed plants. These results disclose a catalytic mechanism underlying homoeostatic regulation of SLs in plants, which also provides a rational approach to spatial-temporally manipulate the endogenous SLs and thus architecture of crops and ornamental plants.},
author = {Xu, Enjun and Chai, Liang and Zhang, Shiqi and Yu, Ruixue and Zhang, Xixi and Xu, Chongyi and Hu, Yuxin},
issn = {2055-0278},
journal = {Nature Plants},
pages = {1495–1504 },
publisher = {Springer Nature},
title = {{Catabolism of strigolactones by a carboxylesterase}},
doi = {10.1038/s41477-021-01011-y},
volume = {7},
year = {2021},
}