---
_id: '528'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Establishment of the embryonic axis foreshadows the main body axis of adults
both in plants and in animals, but underlying mechanisms are considered distinct.
Plants utilize directional, cell-to-cell transport of the growth hormone auxin
[1, 2] to generate an asymmetric auxin response that specifies the embryonic apical-basal
axis [3-6]. The auxin flow directionality depends on the polarized subcellular
localization of PIN-FORMED (PIN) auxin transporters [7, 8]. It remains unknown
which mechanisms and spatial cues guide cell polarization and axis orientation
in early embryos. Herein, we provide conceptually novel insights into the formation
of embryonic axis in Arabidopsis by identifying a crucial role of localized tryptophan-dependent
auxin biosynthesis [9-12]. Local auxin production at the base of young embryos
and the accompanying PIN7-mediated auxin flow toward the proembryo are required
for the apical auxin response maximum and the specification of apical embryonic
structures. Later in embryogenesis, the precisely timed onset of localized apical
auxin biosynthesis mediates PIN1 polarization, basal auxin response maximum, and
specification of the root pole. Thus, the tight spatiotemporal control of distinct
local auxin sources provides a necessary, non-cell-autonomous trigger for the
coordinated cell polarization and subsequent apical-basal axis orientation during
embryogenesis and, presumably, also for other polarization events during postembryonic
plant life [13, 14].
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Hélène
full_name: Robert, Hélène
last_name: Robert
- first_name: Peter
full_name: Grones, Peter
id: 399876EC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Grones
- first_name: Anna
full_name: Stepanova, Anna
last_name: Stepanova
- first_name: Linda
full_name: Robles, Linda
last_name: Robles
- first_name: Annemarie
full_name: Lokerse, Annemarie
last_name: Lokerse
- first_name: Jose
full_name: Alonso, Jose
last_name: Alonso
- first_name: Dolf
full_name: Weijers, Dolf
last_name: Weijers
- first_name: Jirí
full_name: Friml, Jirí
id: 4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Friml
orcid: 0000-0002-8302-7596
citation:
ama: Robert H, Grones P, Stepanova A, et al. Local auxin sources orient the apical
basal axis in arabidopsis embryos. Current Biology. 2013;23(24):2506-2512.
doi:10.1016/j.cub.2013.09.039
apa: Robert, H., Grones, P., Stepanova, A., Robles, L., Lokerse, A., Alonso, J.,
… Friml, J. (2013). Local auxin sources orient the apical basal axis in arabidopsis
embryos. Current Biology. Cell Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2013.09.039
chicago: Robert, Hélène, Peter Grones, Anna Stepanova, Linda Robles, Annemarie Lokerse,
Jose Alonso, Dolf Weijers, and Jiří Friml. “Local Auxin Sources Orient the Apical
Basal Axis in Arabidopsis Embryos.” Current Biology. Cell Press, 2013.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2013.09.039.
ieee: H. Robert et al., “Local auxin sources orient the apical basal axis
in arabidopsis embryos,” Current Biology, vol. 23, no. 24. Cell Press,
pp. 2506–2512, 2013.
ista: Robert H, Grones P, Stepanova A, Robles L, Lokerse A, Alonso J, Weijers D,
Friml J. 2013. Local auxin sources orient the apical basal axis in arabidopsis
embryos. Current Biology. 23(24), 2506–2512.
mla: Robert, Hélène, et al. “Local Auxin Sources Orient the Apical Basal Axis in
Arabidopsis Embryos.” Current Biology, vol. 23, no. 24, Cell Press, 2013,
pp. 2506–12, doi:10.1016/j.cub.2013.09.039.
short: H. Robert, P. Grones, A. Stepanova, L. Robles, A. Lokerse, J. Alonso, D.
Weijers, J. Friml, Current Biology 23 (2013) 2506–2512.
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:46:59Z
date_published: 2013-12-16T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-09-30T07:10:06Z
day: '16'
department:
- _id: JiFr
doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2013.09.039
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
isi:
- '000328918900031'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2013.09.039
intvolume: ' 23'
isi: 1
issue: '24'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '12'
oa_version: None
page: 2506 - 2512
project:
- _id: 25716A02-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FP7
grant_number: '282300'
name: Polarity and subcellular dynamics in plants
publication: Current Biology
publication_status: published
publisher: Cell Press
publist_id: '7291'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Local auxin sources orient the apical basal axis in arabidopsis embryos
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 23
year: '2013'
...
---
OA_type: free access
_id: '2443'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The mode of action of auxin is based on its non-uniform distribution within
tissues and organs. Despite the wide use of several auxin analogues in research
and agriculture, little is known about the specificity of different auxin-related
transport and signalling processes towards these compounds. Using seedlings of
Arabidopsis thaliana and suspension-cultured cells of Nicotiana tabacum (BY-2),
the physiological activity of several auxin analogues was investigated, together
with their capacity to induce auxin-dependent gene expression, to inhibit endocytosis
and to be transported across the plasma membrane. This study shows that the specificity
criteria for different auxin-related processes vary widely. Notably, the special
behaviour of some synthetic auxin analogues suggests that they might be useful
tools in investigations of the molecular mechanism of auxin action. Thus, due
to their differential stimulatory effects on DR5 expression, indole-3-propionic
(IPA) and 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy acetic (2,4,5-T) acids can serve in studies of
TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESPONSE 1/AUXIN SIGNALLING F-BOX (TIR1/AFB)-mediated auxin
signalling, and 5-fluoroindole-3-acetic acid (5-F-IAA) can help to discriminate
between transcriptional and non-transcriptional pathways of auxin signalling.
The results demonstrate that the major determinants for the auxin-like physiological
potential of a particular compound are very complex and involve its chemical and
metabolic stability, its ability to distribute in tissues in a polar manner and
its activity towards auxin signalling machinery.
acknowledgement: The authors thank Dr Christian Luschnig (University of Natural Resources
and Life Sciences (BOKU), Vienna, Austria) for the anti-PIN2 antibody, Professor
Mark Estelle (University of California, San Diego, CA, USA) for tir1-1 mutant seeds
and, last but not least, to Dr David Morris for critical reading of the manuscript.
We also thank Markéta Pařezová and Jana Stýblová for excellent technical assistance.
This work was supported by the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic (P305/11/0797
to E.Z. and 13-40637S to J.F.), the Central European Institute of Technology project
CZ.1.05/1.1.00/02.0068 from the European Regional Development Fund and by a European
Research Council starting independent research grant ERC-2011-StG-20101109-PSDP
(to J.F.).
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Sibu
full_name: Simon, Sibu
id: 4542EF9A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Simon
orcid: 0000-0002-1998-6741
- first_name: Martin
full_name: Kubeš, Martin
last_name: Kubeš
- first_name: Pawel
full_name: Baster, Pawel
id: 3028BD74-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Baster
- first_name: Stéphanie
full_name: Robert, Stéphanie
last_name: Robert
- first_name: Petre
full_name: Dobrev, Petre
last_name: Dobrev
- first_name: Jirí
full_name: Friml, Jirí
id: 4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Friml
orcid: 0000-0002-8302-7596
- first_name: Jan
full_name: Petrášek, Jan
last_name: Petrášek
- first_name: Eva
full_name: Zažímalová, Eva
last_name: Zažímalová
citation:
ama: 'Simon S, Kubeš M, Baster P, et al. Defining the selectivity of processes along
the auxin response chain: A study using auxin analogues. New Phytologist.
2013;200(4):1034-1048. doi:10.1111/nph.12437'
apa: 'Simon, S., Kubeš, M., Baster, P., Robert, S., Dobrev, P., Friml, J., … Zažímalová,
E. (2013). Defining the selectivity of processes along the auxin response chain:
A study using auxin analogues. New Phytologist. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.12437'
chicago: 'Simon, Sibu, Martin Kubeš, Pawel Baster, Stéphanie Robert, Petre Dobrev,
Jiří Friml, Jan Petrášek, and Eva Zažímalová. “Defining the Selectivity of Processes
along the Auxin Response Chain: A Study Using Auxin Analogues.” New Phytologist.
Wiley, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.12437.'
ieee: 'S. Simon et al., “Defining the selectivity of processes along the
auxin response chain: A study using auxin analogues,” New Phytologist,
vol. 200, no. 4. Wiley, pp. 1034–1048, 2013.'
ista: 'Simon S, Kubeš M, Baster P, Robert S, Dobrev P, Friml J, Petrášek J, Zažímalová
E. 2013. Defining the selectivity of processes along the auxin response chain:
A study using auxin analogues. New Phytologist. 200(4), 1034–1048.'
mla: 'Simon, Sibu, et al. “Defining the Selectivity of Processes along the Auxin
Response Chain: A Study Using Auxin Analogues.” New Phytologist, vol. 200,
no. 4, Wiley, 2013, pp. 1034–48, doi:10.1111/nph.12437.'
short: S. Simon, M. Kubeš, P. Baster, S. Robert, P. Dobrev, J. Friml, J. Petrášek,
E. Zažímalová, New Phytologist 200 (2013) 1034–1048.
das_tickbox: '1'
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:57:41Z
date_published: 2013-12-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-07-28T09:29:45Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '580'
department:
- _id: JiFr
doi: 10.1111/nph.12437
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
isi:
- '000330955300012'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.12437
intvolume: ' 200'
isi: 1
issue: '4'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.12437
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 1034 - 1048
project:
- _id: 25716A02-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FP7
grant_number: '282300'
name: Polarity and subcellular dynamics in plants
publication: New Phytologist
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
publist_id: '4460'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Defining the selectivity of processes along the auxin response chain: A study
using auxin analogues'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 200
year: '2013'
...