[{"OA_type":"hybrid","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Three-dimensional (3D) crystals offer a route to scaling up trapped-ion systems for quantum sensing and quantum simulation applications; however, engineering coherent spin-motion couplings and effective spin-spin interactions in large crystals poses technical challenges associated with decoherence and prolonged timescales to generate appreciable entanglement. Here, we explore the possibility of speeding up these interactions in 3D crystals via parametric amplification. For this purpose, we derive a general Hamiltonian for the parametric amplification of spin-motion coupling that is broadly applicable to normal modes with motion transverse to or along the spatial extent of the crystal. Unlike in lower-dimensional crystals, we find that the ability to faithfully (uniformly) amplify the spin-spin interactions in 3D crystals depends on the physical implementation of the spin-motion coupling. We consider the light-shift gate, and the so-called phase-insensitive and phase-sensitive Mølmer-Sørensen (MS) gates, and we find that only the phase-sensitive MS gate can be faithfully amplified in general 3D crystals. We discuss a situation where nonuniform amplification can be advantageous. We also reconsider the effect of counter-rotating terms on parametric amplification and find that they are not as detrimental as previous studies suggest."}],"file":[{"content_type":"application/pdf","creator":"dernst","access_level":"open_access","success":1,"file_id":"21456","file_size":1421954,"date_updated":"2026-03-16T09:24:53Z","relation":"main_file","date_created":"2026-03-16T09:24:53Z","file_name":"2026_PhysicalReviewApplied_Hawaldar.pdf","checksum":"f0dc6a50222b778fd75cc72a28d38689"}],"license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","article_type":"original","external_id":{"arxiv":["2507.16741"]},"status":"public","OA_place":"publisher","date_published":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","date_created":"2026-03-15T23:01:35Z","article_processing_charge":"Yes (via OA deal)","file_date_updated":"2026-03-16T09:24:53Z","acknowledgement":"We thank Wenchao Ge and Allison Carter for feedback on the manuscript. We also thank Wenchao Ge for sharing the numerical simulation data that we have used in Fig. 5 of this paper. N.N. would like to thank Perimeter Institute and Boston University for support during this research. S.H. acknowledges partial support from the Institute of Science and Technology Austria and the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) DOI 10.55776/F71 for the duration of this project. This work was supported by DOE Quantum Systems Accelerator, ARO W911NF24-1-0128, and NSF JILA-PFC PHY-2317149. J.J.B. and A.M.R. acknowledge support through AFOSR Grant No. FA9550-25-1-0080. A.S. acknowledges support by the Department of Science and Technology, Govt. of India through the INSPIRE Faculty Award (DST/INSPIRE/04/2023/001486), by the Anusandhan National Research Foundation (ANRF), Govt. of India through the Prime Minister’s Early Career Research Grant (PMECRG) (ANRF/ECRG/2024/001160/PMS) and by IIT Madras through the New Faculty Initiation Grant (NFIG).","year":"2026","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"Physical Review Applied","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2331-7019"]},"PlanS_conform":"1","author":[{"last_name":"Hawaldar","full_name":"Hawaldar, Samarth","orcid":"0000-0002-1965-4309","first_name":"Samarth","id":"221708e1-1ff6-11ee-9fa6-85146607433e"},{"last_name":"Nikhil","first_name":"N.","full_name":"Nikhil, N."},{"full_name":"Rey, Ana Maria","first_name":"Ana Maria","last_name":"Rey"},{"last_name":"Bollinger","full_name":"Bollinger, John J.","first_name":"John J."},{"first_name":"Athreya","full_name":"Shankar, Athreya","last_name":"Shankar"}],"issue":"3","article_number":"034004","quality_controlled":"1","doi":"10.1103/h1m9-h3yw","day":"01","oa_version":"Published Version","scopus_import":"1","has_accepted_license":"1","volume":25,"project":[{"name":"QUANTUM INFORMATION SYSTEMS BEYOND CLASSICAL CAPABILITIES / P5- Integration of Superconducting Quantum Circuits","grant_number":"F07105","_id":"bdb108fd-d553-11ed-ba76-83dc74a9864f"}],"department":[{"_id":"JoFi"},{"_id":"GradSch"}],"arxiv":1,"publication_status":"published","intvolume":"        25","citation":{"mla":"Hawaldar, Samarth, et al. “Parametric Amplification of Spin-Motion Coupling in Three-Dimensional Trapped-Ion Crystals.” <i>Physical Review Applied</i>, vol. 25, no. 3, 034004, American Physical Society, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/h1m9-h3yw\">10.1103/h1m9-h3yw</a>.","ieee":"S. Hawaldar, N. Nikhil, A. M. Rey, J. J. Bollinger, and A. Shankar, “Parametric amplification of spin-motion coupling in three-dimensional trapped-ion crystals,” <i>Physical Review Applied</i>, vol. 25, no. 3. American Physical Society, 2026.","apa":"Hawaldar, S., Nikhil, N., Rey, A. M., Bollinger, J. J., &#38; Shankar, A. (2026). Parametric amplification of spin-motion coupling in three-dimensional trapped-ion crystals. <i>Physical Review Applied</i>. American Physical Society. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/h1m9-h3yw\">https://doi.org/10.1103/h1m9-h3yw</a>","ista":"Hawaldar S, Nikhil N, Rey AM, Bollinger JJ, Shankar A. 2026. Parametric amplification of spin-motion coupling in three-dimensional trapped-ion crystals. Physical Review Applied. 25(3), 034004.","chicago":"Hawaldar, Samarth, N. Nikhil, Ana Maria Rey, John J. Bollinger, and Athreya Shankar. “Parametric Amplification of Spin-Motion Coupling in Three-Dimensional Trapped-Ion Crystals.” <i>Physical Review Applied</i>. American Physical Society, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/h1m9-h3yw\">https://doi.org/10.1103/h1m9-h3yw</a>.","ama":"Hawaldar S, Nikhil N, Rey AM, Bollinger JJ, Shankar A. Parametric amplification of spin-motion coupling in three-dimensional trapped-ion crystals. <i>Physical Review Applied</i>. 2026;25(3). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/h1m9-h3yw\">10.1103/h1m9-h3yw</a>","short":"S. Hawaldar, N. Nikhil, A.M. Rey, J.J. Bollinger, A. Shankar, Physical Review Applied 25 (2026)."},"oa":1,"publisher":"American Physical Society","title":"Parametric amplification of spin-motion coupling in three-dimensional trapped-ion crystals","ddc":["530"],"corr_author":"1","_id":"21449","date_updated":"2026-04-14T09:04:08Z","month":"03","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","type":"journal_article"},{"status":"public","OA_place":"publisher","article_processing_charge":"No","date_published":"2026-05-12T00:00:00Z","date_created":"2026-05-12T09:04:02Z","related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"part_of_dissertation","status":"public","id":"19073"},{"id":"21870","status":"public","relation":"part_of_dissertation"}]},"abstract":[{"text":"Atoms and photons, two things so different but yet so alike. The former, the building block of matter, something we learn about in school and imagine it as some tiny marbles encircled by other tinier marbles. The latter, an electromagnetic wave, a light particle or an excitation of the electromagnetic field. Quantum mechanics tells us about the properties of these two entities. And even if it sounds, looks and writes counter-intuitive, it has proven right for over a century now.\r\n\r\nIn this work, I elaborate on how we tested the laws of quantum mechanics and how we used them learn more about the tiny building blocks of nature and the fields they use to talk to each other. The atoms we use, are artificial. Superconducting qubits, small electrical circuits with quantized energy levels behave like electrons that transition between different orbitals in an atom. One of the qubits' advantages, is also a big disadvantage. We design the circuits' energy levels and fabricate them in a cleanroom. This allows for arbitrary spaced energy levels but in contrast to real atoms, prevents two superconducting qubits from being alike. Still, this qubit platform is one of the frontrunners for future quantum computing technology and testing fundamental physics due to their scalability.\r\n\r\nWe interface superconducting qubits, which operate in the GHz regime, with microwave photons. We use 3D aluminum cavities as mediators between qubits and photons. The cavities allow for non-destructive readout of the qubit state, they shield the qubits from noise at the qubit frequency and they give us an easy way to frequency-tune these joint systems.\r\n\r\nWe need to operate superconducting qubits and their cavities at millikelvin temperatures in dilution refrigerators. At higher temperatures, superconductivity suffers and even worse, the environment is filled with thermal noise photons. This poses a fundamental limitation on the scalability of superconducting qubit devices. Also connecting multiple devices in different fridges does not work over room temperature links because the microwave photons used for this purpose will be covered in noise and the quantum information they carry, will be unusable.\r\n\r\nInfrared photons do not suffer from this noise problem since there are close to zero thermal noise photons at their frequencies at room temperature. We cannot simply interface superconducting devices with optical photons due their frequency mismatch and the destructive effect of optical photons on superconductors. Therefore, we use microwave-to-optics transducers that allow to convert microwave photons into optical ones and vice-versa. The transducers that we use are macroscopic electro-optic transducers using the Pockels effect in a disk-shaped Lithium Niobate whispering gallery mode resonator. By using a strong optical pump, photons from the two frequency domains experience a beam-splitter interaction and get converted from one to the other.\r\n\r\nWe measure the generated optical photons using elaborate optical setups, optical heterodyning and single photon detectors to gain knowledge about the qubit state or the converted microwave photons. Bridging the microwave and the optical world allows us to take advantage of both of their strengths but it also requires deep knowledge about both of their working principles.\r\n\r\nIn this work, we describe two experiments that our group conducted to showcase the opportunities that arise from interfacing superconducting qubits with optical photons but also the pitfalls, one may encounter on the way.\r\n\r\nIn the first experiment, we managed to all-optically read out a superconducting qubit. We show that the assignment fidelity, the probability that a measurement of the qubit state matches the prepared state, is close to equal for all-optical, microwave-to-optics and conventional microwave readout. We show T1 and T2 measurements for all three readout types and give an analysis of the noise caused by the optics. Finally, we show that the infrared light does not affect the qubit performance in a negative way but that the heating it causes does. This is an important insight that we used in the next experiment.\r\n\r\nThe second experiment is the upconversion of itinerant single microwave photons to the optical domain. We show that we can generate single microwave photons from a qubit-cavity system. We upconvert these single photons, measure them with a single photon detector and reconstruct their shape. By conducting a single photon Rabi measurement, we show correlations between the microwave and the optical domain. And by thorough signal-to-noise measurements and noise analysis, we find that we can generate single infrared photons with high signal-to-noise ratio 5.1 and low transducer added noise (<0.012 quanta). We show that this measurement creates a path towards entanglement of a superconducting qubit and an optical photon and what parameters need to be improved to achieve it. Additionally, this experiment is a proof of principle for an on-demand infrared single photon source. More generally, it allows to link microwave quantum technology in general to the optical domain.","lang":"eng"}],"page":"97","file":[{"file_id":"21879","file_size":9330516,"date_updated":"2026-05-15T15:53:57Z","content_type":"application/pdf","access_level":"open_access","creator":"twerner","date_created":"2026-05-15T15:53:57Z","file_name":"2026_Werner_Thomas_Thesis.pdf","checksum":"a5b4d8dba83f96e955a3625c0eebee98","relation":"main_file"},{"file_id":"21880","file_size":9370704,"date_updated":"2026-05-15T15:54:06Z","content_type":"application/x-zip-compressed","access_level":"closed","creator":"twerner","date_created":"2026-05-15T15:54:06Z","file_name":"2026_Werner_Thomas_Thesis.zip","checksum":"b41282beaacfb32472769b9e3b1758d8","relation":"source_file"}],"degree_awarded":"PhD","author":[{"first_name":"Thomas","id":"1fcd8497-dba3-11ea-a45e-c6fbd715f7c7","orcid":"0009-0001-2346-5236","full_name":"Werner, Thomas","last_name":"Werner"}],"acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"M-Shop"},{"_id":"NanoFab"},{"_id":"LifeSc"},{"_id":"SSU"}],"year":"2026","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"supervisor":[{"id":"4B591CBA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Johannes M","full_name":"Fink, Johannes M","orcid":"0000-0001-8112-028X","last_name":"Fink"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["2663-337X"]},"acknowledgement":"The author of this work was supported by the European Research Council under grant no.\r\n101089099 (ERC CoG cQEO) and the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation\r\nprogram under grant no. 899354 (FETopen SuperQuLAN).\r\nThis work was also supported by the European Research Council under grant nos. 758053\r\n(ERC StG QUNNECT), 101248662 (ERC POC CoupledEOT), and the European Innovation\r\nCouncil no. 101187231 (PathfinderOpen CIELO). This research was funded in whole or in part\r\nby the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [10.55776/F71]. For open access purposes, the author\r\nhas applied a CC BY public copyright license to any author accepted manuscript version arising\r\nfrom this submission.\r\niii\r\nMy co-authors in the works mentioned later acknowledge generous support from the ISTFELLOW program, the NOMIS-ISTA fellowship, the Horizon Europe Program HORIZONCL4-2022-QUANTUM-01-SGA via Project No. 101113946 OpenSuperQPlus100 and a DOC fellowship of the Austrian Academy of Sciences at IST Austria.\r\n","file_date_updated":"2026-05-15T15:54:06Z","oa":1,"citation":{"ama":"Werner T. Interfacing superconducting qubits with optical photons. 2026. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-21863\">10.15479/AT-ISTA-21863</a>","short":"T. Werner, Interfacing Superconducting Qubits with Optical Photons, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026.","chicago":"Werner, Thomas. “Interfacing Superconducting Qubits with Optical Photons.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-21863\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-21863</a>.","mla":"Werner, Thomas. <i>Interfacing Superconducting Qubits with Optical Photons</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-21863\">10.15479/AT-ISTA-21863</a>.","ista":"Werner T. 2026. Interfacing superconducting qubits with optical photons. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","apa":"Werner, T. (2026). <i>Interfacing superconducting qubits with optical photons</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-21863\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-21863</a>","ieee":"T. Werner, “Interfacing superconducting qubits with optical photons,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026."},"publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","publication_status":"published","department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"JoFi"}],"keyword":["Superconducting qubits","Quantum optics","Single photons and quantum effects","Nonlinear optics"],"has_accepted_license":"1","project":[{"_id":"bdadfa0d-d553-11ed-ba76-fb85edbd456a","grant_number":"101089099","name":"Cavity Quantum Electro Optics: Microwave photonics with nonclassical states"},{"_id":"9B868D20-BA93-11EA-9121-9846C619BF3A","call_identifier":"H2020","name":"Quantum Local Area Networks with Superconducting Qubits","grant_number":"899354"},{"name":"A Fiber Optic Transceiver for Superconducting Qubits","grant_number":"758053","_id":"26336814-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"H2020"},{"grant_number":"101248662","name":"Integrated optical coupling for low loss electro-optic interconnects","_id":"5b807754-ab3d-11f0-914f-ff8c34502cc9"},{"_id":"91aaf765-16d5-11f0-9cad-a8e7e44cccb7","grant_number":"101187231","name":"Cavity-Integrated Electro-Optics: Measuring, Converting and Manipulating Microwaves with Light"},{"_id":"bdb108fd-d553-11ed-ba76-83dc74a9864f","name":"QUANTUM INFORMATION SYSTEMS BEYOND CLASSICAL CAPABILITIES / P5- Integration of Superconducting Quantum Circuits","grant_number":"F07105"},{"_id":"bdb7cfc1-d553-11ed-ba76-d2eaab167738","name":"Open Superconducting Quantum Computers (OpenSuperQPlus)","grant_number":"101080139"},{"_id":"9B861AAC-BA93-11EA-9121-9846C619BF3A","name":"NOMIS Fellowship Program"}],"oa_version":"Published Version","day":"12","doi":"10.15479/AT-ISTA-21863","user_id":"8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"type":"dissertation","ec_funded":1,"date_updated":"2026-05-20T13:35:43Z","_id":"21863","month":"05","ddc":["530","537","539"],"title":"Interfacing superconducting qubits with optical photons","alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"corr_author":"1"},{"date_created":"2026-05-12T13:58:18Z","date_published":"2026-01-31T00:00:00Z","article_processing_charge":"No","status":"public","OA_place":"repository","related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"dissertation_contains","id":"21863","status":"public"}]},"external_id":{"arxiv":["2602.00928"]},"OA_type":"green","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Superconducting qubits are a leading candidate for utility-scale quantum computing due to their fast gate speeds and steadily decreasing error rates. The requirement for millikelvin operating temperatures, however, creates a significant scaling bottleneck. Modular architectures using optical fiber links could bridge separate cryogenic nodes, but superconducting circuits do not have coherent optical transitions and microwave-to-optical conversion has not been shown for any non-classical photon state. In this work, we demonstrate the on-demand generation and tomographic reconstruction of itinerant single microwave photons at 8.9 GHz from a superconducting qubit. We upconvert this non-Gaussian state with a transducer added noise below 0.012 quanta and count the converted telecom photons at 193.4 THz with a signal-to-noise ratio of up to 5.1$\\pm$1.1. We characterize the trade-offs between throughput and noise, and establish a viable path toward heralded entanglement distribution and gate teleportation. Looking ahead, these results empower existing superconducting devices to take a key role in distributed quantum technologies and heterogeneous quantum systems."}],"author":[{"first_name":"Thomas","id":"1fcd8497-dba3-11ea-a45e-c6fbd715f7c7","orcid":"0009-0001-2346-5236","full_name":"Werner, Thomas","last_name":"Werner"},{"last_name":"Riyazi","full_name":"Riyazi, Erfan","first_name":"Erfan","id":"53322f94-5355-11ee-ae5a-ff6f81c87d51"},{"last_name":"Hawaldar","full_name":"Hawaldar, Samarth","orcid":"0000-0002-1965-4309","id":"221708e1-1ff6-11ee-9fa6-85146607433e","first_name":"Samarth"},{"first_name":"Rishabh","id":"47D26E34-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0001-6264-2162","full_name":"Sahu, Rishabh","last_name":"Sahu"},{"id":"3770C838-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Georg M","full_name":"Arnold, Georg M","orcid":"0000-0003-1397-7876","last_name":"Arnold"},{"first_name":"Paul Falthansl-Scheinecker","full_name":"Paul Falthansl-Scheinecker, Paul Falthansl-Scheinecker","last_name":"Paul Falthansl-Scheinecker"},{"full_name":"Naranjo, Jennifer A. Sánchez","first_name":"Jennifer A. Sánchez","last_name":"Naranjo"},{"last_name":"Loi","full_name":"Loi, Dante","first_name":"Dante"},{"last_name":"Kapoor","full_name":"Kapoor, Lucky N.","first_name":"Lucky N."},{"orcid":"0009-0005-0878-3032","full_name":"Zemlicka, Martin","first_name":"Martin","id":"2DCF8DE6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Zemlicka"},{"first_name":"Liu","id":"45e99c0d-1eb1-11eb-9b96-ed8ab2983cac","full_name":"Qiu, Liu","orcid":"0000-0003-4345-4267","last_name":"Qiu"},{"full_name":"Militaru, Andrei","first_name":"Andrei","id":"d67706f8-8eb1-11ee-ad1b-9c30dfa19e0b","last_name":"Militaru"},{"last_name":"Fink","full_name":"Fink, Johannes M","orcid":"0000-0001-8112-028X","first_name":"Johannes M","id":"4B591CBA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"arXiv","year":"2026","acknowledgement":"We thank Fritz Diorico and Onur Hosten who suggested the filter cavity design, and gave important insights about the assembly and the testing of the FabryPerot filter cavities. Ekatrina Fedotova and Diego A.\r\nLancheros Naranjo worked on the filter cavity setup in\r\nthe early stages of this work. Gustavo Wiederhecker and\r\nYiewen Chu provided insights as to the origins of the\r\nobserved optical noise and Nicola Carlon Zambon suggested using telecom filters to mitigate it further. This\r\nwork was supported by the European Research Council under grant agreement no. 101089099 (ERC CoG\r\ncQEO), and 101248662 (ERC POC CoupledEOT), the\r\nEuropean Unions Horizon 2020 research and innovation\r\nprogram under grant agreement no. 899354 (FETopen\r\nSuperQuLAN), the European Innovation Council no.\r\n101187231 (PathfinderOpen CIELO), and the Austrian\r\nScience Fund (FWF) no. F7105 (SFB BeyondC). J.F.\r\nand L.K. acknowledge support from the Horizon Europe\r\nProgram HORIZON-CL4-2022-QUANTUM-01-SGA via\r\nProject No. 101113946 OpenSuperQPlus100. A.M. acknowledges support from the NOMIS-ISTA fellowship.","citation":{"chicago":"Werner, Thomas, Erfan Riyazi, Samarth Hawaldar, Rishabh Sahu, Georg M Arnold, Paul Falthansl-Scheinecker Paul Falthansl-Scheinecker, Jennifer A. Sánchez Naranjo, et al. “Electro-Optic Conversion of Itinerant Fock States.” <i>ArXiv</i>, n.d. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2602.00928\">https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2602.00928</a>.","ama":"Werner T, Riyazi E, Hawaldar S, et al. Electro-optic conversion of itinerant Fock states. <i>arXiv</i>. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2602.00928\">10.48550/arXiv.2602.00928</a>","short":"T. Werner, E. Riyazi, S. Hawaldar, R. Sahu, G.M. Arnold, P.F.-S. Paul Falthansl-Scheinecker, J.A.S. Naranjo, D. Loi, L.N. Kapoor, M. Zemlicka, L. Qiu, A. Militaru, J.M. Fink, ArXiv (n.d.).","apa":"Werner, T., Riyazi, E., Hawaldar, S., Sahu, R., Arnold, G. M., Paul Falthansl-Scheinecker, P. F.-S., … Fink, J. M. (n.d.). Electro-optic conversion of itinerant Fock states. <i>arXiv</i>. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2602.00928\">https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2602.00928</a>","ista":"Werner T, Riyazi E, Hawaldar S, Sahu R, Arnold GM, Paul Falthansl-Scheinecker PF-S, Naranjo JAS, Loi D, Kapoor LN, Zemlicka M, Qiu L, Militaru A, Fink JM. Electro-optic conversion of itinerant Fock states. arXiv, <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2602.00928\">10.48550/arXiv.2602.00928</a>.","ieee":"T. Werner <i>et al.</i>, “Electro-optic conversion of itinerant Fock states,” <i>arXiv</i>. .","mla":"Werner, Thomas, et al. “Electro-Optic Conversion of Itinerant Fock States.” <i>ArXiv</i>, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2602.00928\">10.48550/arXiv.2602.00928</a>."},"oa":1,"department":[{"_id":"JoFi"},{"_id":"GradSch"}],"arxiv":1,"publication_status":"draft","project":[{"grant_number":"101089099","name":"Cavity Quantum Electro Optics: Microwave photonics with nonclassical states","_id":"bdadfa0d-d553-11ed-ba76-fb85edbd456a"},{"grant_number":"101248662","name":"Integrated optical coupling for low loss electro-optic interconnects","_id":"5b807754-ab3d-11f0-914f-ff8c34502cc9"},{"name":"Quantum Local Area Networks with Superconducting Qubits","grant_number":"899354","call_identifier":"H2020","_id":"9B868D20-BA93-11EA-9121-9846C619BF3A"},{"name":"Cavity-Integrated Electro-Optics: Measuring, Converting and Manipulating Microwaves with Light","grant_number":"101187231","_id":"91aaf765-16d5-11f0-9cad-a8e7e44cccb7"},{"grant_number":"F07105","name":"Integrating superconducting quantum circuits","call_identifier":"FWF","_id":"26927A52-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"},{"name":"NOMIS Fellowship Program","_id":"9B861AAC-BA93-11EA-9121-9846C619BF3A"}],"scopus_import":"1","doi":"10.48550/arXiv.2602.00928","oa_version":"Preprint","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2602.00928"}],"day":"31","type":"preprint","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"user_id":"8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9","ec_funded":1,"month":"01","_id":"21870","date_updated":"2026-05-20T13:35:42Z","corr_author":"1","title":"Electro-optic conversion of itinerant Fock states"},{"citation":{"mla":"Hawaldar, Samarth, et al. “On-Demand Single-Microwave-Photon Source in a Superconducting Circuit with Wideband Frequency Tunability.” <i>Physical Review Applied</i>, vol. 23, no. 4, 044042, American Physical Society, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevapplied.23.044042\">10.1103/physrevapplied.23.044042</a>.","ista":"Hawaldar S, Khaire SS, Delsing P, Suri B. 2025. On-demand single-microwave-photon source in a superconducting circuit with wideband frequency tunability. Physical Review Applied. 23(4), 044042.","apa":"Hawaldar, S., Khaire, S. S., Delsing, P., &#38; Suri, B. (2025). On-demand single-microwave-photon source in a superconducting circuit with wideband frequency tunability. <i>Physical Review Applied</i>. American Physical Society. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevapplied.23.044042\">https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevapplied.23.044042</a>","ieee":"S. Hawaldar, S. S. Khaire, P. Delsing, and B. Suri, “On-demand single-microwave-photon source in a superconducting circuit with wideband frequency tunability,” <i>Physical Review Applied</i>, vol. 23, no. 4. American Physical Society, 2025.","ama":"Hawaldar S, Khaire SS, Delsing P, Suri B. On-demand single-microwave-photon source in a superconducting circuit with wideband frequency tunability. <i>Physical Review Applied</i>. 2025;23(4). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevapplied.23.044042\">10.1103/physrevapplied.23.044042</a>","short":"S. Hawaldar, S.S. Khaire, P. Delsing, B. Suri, Physical Review Applied 23 (2025).","chicago":"Hawaldar, Samarth, Siddhi Satish Khaire, Per Delsing, and Baladitya Suri. “On-Demand Single-Microwave-Photon Source in a Superconducting Circuit with Wideband Frequency Tunability.” <i>Physical Review Applied</i>. American Physical Society, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevapplied.23.044042\">https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevapplied.23.044042</a>."},"oa":1,"publisher":"American Physical Society","department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"JoFi"}],"publication_status":"published","intvolume":"        23","volume":23,"scopus_import":"1","has_accepted_license":"1","doi":"10.1103/physrevapplied.23.044042","oa_version":"Published Version","day":"18","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","type":"journal_article","_id":"19617","date_updated":"2025-09-30T12:17:33Z","month":"04","ddc":["539"],"title":"On-demand single-microwave-photon source in a superconducting circuit with wideband frequency tunability","corr_author":"1","status":"public","OA_place":"publisher","date_published":"2025-04-18T00:00:00Z","date_created":"2025-04-24T06:34:07Z","article_processing_charge":"Yes (via OA deal)","article_type":"original","external_id":{"isi":["001490745300002"]},"OA_type":"hybrid","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"In this article, we propose a method for generating single microwave photons in superconducting circuits. We theoretically show that pure single microwave photons can be generated on demand and tuned over a large frequency band by making use of Landau-Zener transitions under a rapid sweep of a control parameter. We devise a protocol that enables fast control of the frequency of the emitted photon over two octaves, without requiring extensive calibration. Additionally, we make theoretical estimates of the generation efficiency, tunability, purity, and linewidth of the photons emitted using this method for both charge- and flux-qubit-based architectures. We also provide estimates of the optimal device parameters required for these architectures to realize the device."}],"file":[{"success":1,"creator":"shawalda","access_level":"open_access","content_type":"application/pdf","date_updated":"2025-04-24T06:40:22Z","file_size":837219,"file_id":"19620","relation":"main_file","file_name":"PhysRevApplied.23.044042.pdf","checksum":"582b2ed6afb654300cabf0e3add14ca8","date_created":"2025-04-24T06:40:22Z"}],"issue":"4","author":[{"last_name":"Hawaldar","first_name":"Samarth","id":"221708e1-1ff6-11ee-9fa6-85146607433e","orcid":"0000-0002-1965-4309","full_name":"Hawaldar, Samarth"},{"last_name":"Khaire","first_name":"Siddhi Satish","full_name":"Khaire, Siddhi Satish"},{"last_name":"Delsing","full_name":"Delsing, Per","first_name":"Per"},{"full_name":"Suri, Baladitya","first_name":"Baladitya","last_name":"Suri"}],"article_number":"044042","quality_controlled":"1","isi":1,"publication":"Physical Review Applied","year":"2025","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["2331-7019"]},"file_date_updated":"2025-04-24T06:40:22Z","acknowledgement":"The authors acknowledge the support of DST-INSPIRE Fellowship No. IF180339 and DST-SERB Core Research Grant No. CRG/2018/002129. S.H. acknowledges the support of the Kishore Vaigyanik Protsahan Yojana (KVPY). S.H. also acknowledges helpful discussions with Harsh Arora and Johannes Fink."},{"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Cavity-magnon polaritons are hybrid excitations from the interaction between cavity photons and magnons, the quanta of collective spin oscillations. Along with the tunability of the magnon-photon coupling strength, fast information transfer and conversion speed are desired in hybrid devices. This can be achieved utilizing the propagating nature of spin waves with nonzero momentum for their ultrafast time dynamics and reduced ohmic dissipation. Antiferromagnets are particularly interesting as hosts for magnons since stray-field interactions are minimized and they support multiple modes with distinctive magnetic-field behavior across the phase diagram. Chromium trichloride (CrCl3) is a van der Waals layered antiferromagnet having a strong easy-plane anisotropy and a weak in-plane easy-axis anisotropy. Despite some magnetic resonance studies, the impact of magnetic reorientation of spins in CrCl3 on the cavity-magnon-polariton interaction strength as a function of magnetic field remains largely unexplored. In this study, we investigate the coupling between magnons in CrCl3 and photons in a coplanar waveguide resonator as a function of magnetic field. In particular, we find that the magnon-photon coupling strength varies nonmonotonically and distinctly with the magnetic field for the acoustic and the optical magnons, which can be utilized to tune the magnon-photon coupling strength using an external magnetic field as a knob. We find the signature of spin-flop transition in the two harmonics of the cavity due to a stronger dispersive coupling between optical magnons and cavity photons at lower fields. Additionally, we find standing modes formed by spin waves with nonzero momentum associated with the two hybrid magnons when the external field is applied at an angle with the crystal plane. These modes do not undergo substantial coupling with the cavity mode unlike the antiferromagnetic modes and can be used as low-loss propagation channels in hybrid devices."}],"OA_type":"green","external_id":{"arxiv":["2512.05236"]},"article_type":"original","related_material":{"record":[{"id":"20940","status":"public","relation":"research_data"}]},"OA_place":"repository","status":"public","article_processing_charge":"No","date_created":"2026-01-04T23:01:34Z","date_published":"2025-12-19T00:00:00Z","acknowledgement":"We thank R. Vijayaraghavan, V. Singh, A. Kamra, A. Barman, M. Patankar, S. Kundu, S. Hazra, S. Sahu, A. Riswadkar, A. Bhattacharjee, and S. Das for helpful discussions and experimental assistance. We acknowledge the Swarnajayanti Fellowship of the Department of Science and Technology (for M.M.D.), DST Nanomission Grant No. SR/NM/NS-45/2016, SERB SUPRA Grant No. SPR/2019/001247, ONRG Grant No. N62909–18-1–2058, and the Department of Atomic Energy of the Government of India Grant No. 12-R&D-TFR5.10–0100 for support.","year":"2025","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"Physical Review B","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2469-9950"],"eissn":["2469-9969"]},"article_number":"214443","author":[{"first_name":"Supriya","full_name":"Mandal, Supriya","last_name":"Mandal"},{"last_name":"Maji","id":"76bc9e9f-ba0b-11ee-8184-90edabd17a58","first_name":"Krishnendu","full_name":"Maji, Krishnendu"},{"id":"84b9700b-15b2-11ec-abd3-831089e67615","first_name":"Lucky","full_name":"Kapoor, Lucky","orcid":"0000-0001-8319-2148","last_name":"Kapoor"},{"full_name":"Sasmal, Souvik","first_name":"Souvik","last_name":"Sasmal"},{"first_name":"Soham","full_name":"Manni, Soham","last_name":"Manni"},{"first_name":"John","full_name":"Jesudasan, John","last_name":"Jesudasan"},{"first_name":"Pratap","full_name":"Raychaudhuri, Pratap","last_name":"Raychaudhuri"},{"first_name":"Arumugam","full_name":"Thamizhavel, Arumugam","last_name":"Thamizhavel"},{"last_name":"Deshmukh","full_name":"Deshmukh, Mandar M.","first_name":"Mandar M."}],"issue":"21","quality_controlled":"1","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2512.05236"}],"oa_version":"Preprint","day":"19","doi":"10.1103/bdd1-b8ys","scopus_import":"1","volume":112,"arxiv":1,"publication_status":"published","department":[{"_id":"MaIb"},{"_id":"JoFi"}],"intvolume":"       112","oa":1,"citation":{"mla":"Mandal, Supriya, et al. “Cavity Based Sensing of Antiferromagnetic Canting and Nonzero-Momentum Spin Waves in a van Der Waals Cavity-Magnon-Polariton System.” <i>Physical Review B</i>, vol. 112, no. 21, 214443, American Physical Society, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/bdd1-b8ys\">10.1103/bdd1-b8ys</a>.","apa":"Mandal, S., Maji, K., Kapoor, L., Sasmal, S., Manni, S., Jesudasan, J., … Deshmukh, M. M. (2025). Cavity based sensing of antiferromagnetic canting and nonzero-momentum spin waves in a van der Waals cavity-magnon-polariton system. <i>Physical Review B</i>. American Physical Society. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/bdd1-b8ys\">https://doi.org/10.1103/bdd1-b8ys</a>","ista":"Mandal S, Maji K, Kapoor L, Sasmal S, Manni S, Jesudasan J, Raychaudhuri P, Thamizhavel A, Deshmukh MM. 2025. Cavity based sensing of antiferromagnetic canting and nonzero-momentum spin waves in a van der Waals cavity-magnon-polariton system. Physical Review B. 112(21), 214443.","ieee":"S. Mandal <i>et al.</i>, “Cavity based sensing of antiferromagnetic canting and nonzero-momentum spin waves in a van der Waals cavity-magnon-polariton system,” <i>Physical Review B</i>, vol. 112, no. 21. American Physical Society, 2025.","short":"S. Mandal, K. Maji, L. Kapoor, S. Sasmal, S. Manni, J. Jesudasan, P. Raychaudhuri, A. Thamizhavel, M.M. Deshmukh, Physical Review B 112 (2025).","ama":"Mandal S, Maji K, Kapoor L, et al. Cavity based sensing of antiferromagnetic canting and nonzero-momentum spin waves in a van der Waals cavity-magnon-polariton system. <i>Physical Review B</i>. 2025;112(21). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/bdd1-b8ys\">10.1103/bdd1-b8ys</a>","chicago":"Mandal, Supriya, Krishnendu Maji, Lucky Kapoor, Souvik Sasmal, Soham Manni, John Jesudasan, Pratap Raychaudhuri, Arumugam Thamizhavel, and Mandar M. Deshmukh. “Cavity Based Sensing of Antiferromagnetic Canting and Nonzero-Momentum Spin Waves in a van Der Waals Cavity-Magnon-Polariton System.” <i>Physical Review B</i>. American Physical Society, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/bdd1-b8ys\">https://doi.org/10.1103/bdd1-b8ys</a>."},"publisher":"American Physical Society","title":"Cavity based sensing of antiferromagnetic canting and nonzero-momentum spin waves in a van der Waals cavity-magnon-polariton system","date_updated":"2026-01-05T10:07:04Z","_id":"20927","month":"12","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","type":"journal_article"},{"title":"Mode dispersion with magnetic field in a cavity-magnonics system","_id":"20940","year":"2025","date_updated":"2026-01-05T10:07:04Z","month":"05","author":[{"last_name":"Mandal","first_name":"Supriya","full_name":"Mandal, Supriya"},{"last_name":"Maji","full_name":"Maji, Krishnendu","id":"76bc9e9f-ba0b-11ee-8184-90edabd17a58","first_name":"Krishnendu"},{"first_name":"Lucky","id":"84b9700b-15b2-11ec-abd3-831089e67615","full_name":"Kapoor, Lucky","orcid":"0000-0001-8319-2148","last_name":"Kapoor"},{"last_name":"Sasmal","first_name":"Souvik","full_name":"Sasmal, Souvik"},{"first_name":"Soham","full_name":"Manni, Soham","last_name":"Manni"},{"full_name":"Jesudasan, John","first_name":"John","last_name":"Jesudasan"},{"first_name":"Pratap","full_name":"Raychaudhuri, Pratap","last_name":"Raychaudhuri"},{"last_name":"Thamizhavel","full_name":"Thamizhavel, Arumugam","first_name":"Arumugam"},{"last_name":"Deshmukh","first_name":"Mandar M.","full_name":"Deshmukh, Mandar M."}],"tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","type":"research_data_reference","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.15321721","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.15321721","open_access":"1"}],"oa_version":"Submitted Version","day":"02","has_accepted_license":"1","OA_type":"green","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"These are the raw data files that supplement our study of mode dispersion with magnetic field of a cavity-magnonics system containing chromium trichloride on coplanar waveguide resonator."}],"department":[{"_id":"MaIb"},{"_id":"JoFi"}],"related_material":{"record":[{"id":"20927","status":"public","relation":"used_in_publication"}]},"citation":{"chicago":"Mandal, Supriya, Krishnendu Maji, Lucky Kapoor, Souvik Sasmal, Soham Manni, John Jesudasan, Pratap Raychaudhuri, Arumugam Thamizhavel, and Mandar M. Deshmukh. “Mode Dispersion with Magnetic Field in a Cavity-Magnonics System.” Zenodo, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.15321721\">https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.15321721</a>.","short":"S. Mandal, K. Maji, L. Kapoor, S. Sasmal, S. Manni, J. Jesudasan, P. Raychaudhuri, A. Thamizhavel, M.M. Deshmukh, (2025).","ama":"Mandal S, Maji K, Kapoor L, et al. Mode dispersion with magnetic field in a cavity-magnonics system. 2025. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.15321721\">10.5281/ZENODO.15321721</a>","ieee":"S. Mandal <i>et al.</i>, “Mode dispersion with magnetic field in a cavity-magnonics system.” Zenodo, 2025.","ista":"Mandal S, Maji K, Kapoor L, Sasmal S, Manni S, Jesudasan J, Raychaudhuri P, Thamizhavel A, Deshmukh MM. 2025. Mode dispersion with magnetic field in a cavity-magnonics system, Zenodo, <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.15321721\">10.5281/ZENODO.15321721</a>.","apa":"Mandal, S., Maji, K., Kapoor, L., Sasmal, S., Manni, S., Jesudasan, J., … Deshmukh, M. M. (2025). Mode dispersion with magnetic field in a cavity-magnonics system. Zenodo. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.15321721\">https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.15321721</a>","mla":"Mandal, Supriya, et al. <i>Mode Dispersion with Magnetic Field in a Cavity-Magnonics System</i>. Zenodo, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.15321721\">10.5281/ZENODO.15321721</a>."},"OA_place":"repository","status":"public","oa":1,"date_created":"2026-01-05T10:00:06Z","date_published":"2025-05-02T00:00:00Z","article_processing_charge":"No","publisher":"Zenodo"},{"type":"journal_article","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","title":"Impedance-engineered Josephson parametric amplifier with single-step lithography","month":"12","date_updated":"2026-01-12T09:57:53Z","_id":"20976","intvolume":"       127","publication_status":"published","arxiv":1,"department":[{"_id":"JoFi"}],"publisher":"AIP Publishing","oa":1,"citation":{"chicago":"Patel, Lipi, Samarth Hawaldar, Aditya Panikkar, Athreya Shankar, and Baladitya Suri. “Impedance-Engineered Josephson Parametric Amplifier with Single-Step Lithography.” <i>Applied Physics Letters</i>. AIP Publishing, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0290636\">https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0290636</a>.","short":"L. Patel, S. Hawaldar, A. Panikkar, A. Shankar, B. Suri, Applied Physics Letters 127 (2025).","ama":"Patel L, Hawaldar S, Panikkar A, Shankar A, Suri B. Impedance-engineered Josephson parametric amplifier with single-step lithography. <i>Applied Physics Letters</i>. 2025;127(25). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0290636\">10.1063/5.0290636</a>","mla":"Patel, Lipi, et al. “Impedance-Engineered Josephson Parametric Amplifier with Single-Step Lithography.” <i>Applied Physics Letters</i>, vol. 127, no. 25, 254001, AIP Publishing, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0290636\">10.1063/5.0290636</a>.","ista":"Patel L, Hawaldar S, Panikkar A, Shankar A, Suri B. 2025. Impedance-engineered Josephson parametric amplifier with single-step lithography. Applied Physics Letters. 127(25), 254001.","ieee":"L. Patel, S. Hawaldar, A. Panikkar, A. Shankar, and B. Suri, “Impedance-engineered Josephson parametric amplifier with single-step lithography,” <i>Applied Physics Letters</i>, vol. 127, no. 25. AIP Publishing, 2025.","apa":"Patel, L., Hawaldar, S., Panikkar, A., Shankar, A., &#38; Suri, B. (2025). Impedance-engineered Josephson parametric amplifier with single-step lithography. <i>Applied Physics Letters</i>. AIP Publishing. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0290636\">https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0290636</a>"},"day":"22","oa_version":"Preprint","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2507.09298","open_access":"1"}],"doi":"10.1063/5.0290636","scopus_import":"1","volume":127,"quality_controlled":"1","article_number":"254001","issue":"25","author":[{"full_name":"Patel, Lipi","first_name":"Lipi","last_name":"Patel"},{"id":"221708e1-1ff6-11ee-9fa6-85146607433e","first_name":"Samarth","full_name":"Hawaldar, Samarth","orcid":"0000-0002-1965-4309","last_name":"Hawaldar"},{"full_name":"Panikkar, Aditya","first_name":"Aditya","last_name":"Panikkar"},{"last_name":"Shankar","full_name":"Shankar, Athreya","first_name":"Athreya"},{"full_name":"Suri, Baladitya","first_name":"Baladitya","last_name":"Suri"}],"acknowledgement":"The authors acknowledge receiving support from the Space Technology Cell at IISc and ISRO through the project STC-0444(2022) and the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology of the Government of India, under the centre of Excellence of Quantum Technology at the Indian Institute of Science, as well as the office of Principle Scientific Advisor, Government of India. S.H. and A.P. acknowledge the support of the Kishore Vaigyanik Protsahan Yojana (KVPY). A.S. acknowledges the support of a New Faculty Initiation Grant (NFIG) from IIT Madras.","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0003-6951"],"eissn":["1077-3118"]},"publication":"Applied Physics Letters","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"year":"2025","external_id":{"arxiv":["2507.09298"]},"article_type":"original","article_processing_charge":"No","date_published":"2025-12-22T00:00:00Z","date_created":"2026-01-11T23:01:34Z","OA_place":"repository","status":"public","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"We present an experimental demonstration of an impedance-engineered Josephson parametric amplifier (IEJPA) fabricated in a single-step lithography process. Impedance-engineering is implemented using a lumped-element series LC circuit. We use a simpler lithography process where the entire device—impedance transformer and Josephson parametric amplifier (JPA)—is patterned in a single electron beam lithography step, followed by a double-angle Dolan-bridge technique for Al–AlOx–Al deposition. We observe amplification with 18 dB gain over a wide 400 MHz bandwidth centered around 5.3 GHz with added noise approaching the quantum limit, and a saturation power of −114 dBm. To accurately explain our experimental results, we extend existing theories for IEJPAs to incorporate the full sine nonlinearity of both the JPA and the transformer. Our work provides a route to simpler realization of broadband JPAs and a theoretical foundation for a regime of JPA operation that has been less explored in literature."}],"OA_type":"green"},{"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"year":"2025","publication":"Physical Review Letters","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0031-9007"],"eissn":["1079-7114"]},"article_number":"083601","issue":"8","author":[{"last_name":"Rossi","first_name":"M.","full_name":"Rossi, M."},{"id":"d67706f8-8eb1-11ee-ad1b-9c30dfa19e0b","first_name":"Andrei","full_name":"Militaru, Andrei","last_name":"Militaru"},{"full_name":"Carlon Zambon, N.","first_name":"N.","last_name":"Carlon Zambon"},{"last_name":"Riera-Campeny","full_name":"Riera-Campeny, A.","first_name":"A."},{"last_name":"Romero-Isart","first_name":"O.","full_name":"Romero-Isart, O."},{"last_name":"Frimmer","first_name":"M.","full_name":"Frimmer, M."},{"last_name":"Novotny","first_name":"L.","full_name":"Novotny, L."}],"quality_controlled":"1","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Matter waves have been observed in double-slit experiments with microscopic objects, such as atoms or molecules. The wave function describing the motion of these objects must extend over a distance comparable to the slit separation, much larger than the characteristic size of the objects. Preparing such states for more massive objects, such as mechanical oscillators, remains an outstanding challenge. Here we delocalize the quantum ground state of an optically levitated nanosphere by modulating the stiffness of the confining potential. We show a more than threefold increase of the initial coherence length, which corresponds to mechanical momentum squeezing of more than 7 dB. Our work is a stepping stone toward the generation of coherence lengths comparable to the object size, a crucial regime for macroscopic quantum experiments."}],"OA_type":"green","OA_place":"repository","status":"public","article_processing_charge":"No","date_created":"2026-02-18T10:19:30Z","date_published":"2025-08-19T00:00:00Z","external_id":{"pmid":["40929305"],"arxiv":["2408.01264"]},"article_type":"original","date_updated":"2026-02-24T07:03:57Z","_id":"21318","month":"08","title":"Quantum delocalization of a levitated nanoparticle","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","pmid":1,"type":"journal_article","volume":135,"day":"19","oa_version":"Preprint","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2408.01264","open_access":"1"}],"doi":"10.1103/2yzc-fsm3","oa":1,"citation":{"apa":"Rossi, M., Militaru, A., Carlon Zambon, N., Riera-Campeny, A., Romero-Isart, O., Frimmer, M., &#38; Novotny, L. (2025). Quantum delocalization of a levitated nanoparticle. <i>Physical Review Letters</i>. American Physical Society. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/2yzc-fsm3\">https://doi.org/10.1103/2yzc-fsm3</a>","ieee":"M. Rossi <i>et al.</i>, “Quantum delocalization of a levitated nanoparticle,” <i>Physical Review Letters</i>, vol. 135, no. 8. American Physical Society, 2025.","ista":"Rossi M, Militaru A, Carlon Zambon N, Riera-Campeny A, Romero-Isart O, Frimmer M, Novotny L. 2025. Quantum delocalization of a levitated nanoparticle. Physical Review Letters. 135(8), 083601.","mla":"Rossi, M., et al. “Quantum Delocalization of a Levitated Nanoparticle.” <i>Physical Review Letters</i>, vol. 135, no. 8, 083601, American Physical Society, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/2yzc-fsm3\">10.1103/2yzc-fsm3</a>.","ama":"Rossi M, Militaru A, Carlon Zambon N, et al. Quantum delocalization of a levitated nanoparticle. <i>Physical Review Letters</i>. 2025;135(8). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/2yzc-fsm3\">10.1103/2yzc-fsm3</a>","short":"M. Rossi, A. Militaru, N. Carlon Zambon, A. Riera-Campeny, O. Romero-Isart, M. Frimmer, L. Novotny, Physical Review Letters 135 (2025).","chicago":"Rossi, M., Andrei Militaru, N. Carlon Zambon, A. Riera-Campeny, O. Romero-Isart, M. Frimmer, and L. Novotny. “Quantum Delocalization of a Levitated Nanoparticle.” <i>Physical Review Letters</i>. American Physical Society, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/2yzc-fsm3\">https://doi.org/10.1103/2yzc-fsm3</a>."},"publisher":"American Physical Society","arxiv":1,"publication_status":"published","department":[{"_id":"JoFi"}],"intvolume":"       135"},{"doi":"10.15479/AT-ISTA-20371","day":"23","oa_version":"Published Version","project":[{"name":"Protected states of quantum matter","_id":"eb9b30ac-77a9-11ec-83b8-871f581d53d2"},{"grant_number":"F07105","name":"QUANTUM INFORMATION SYSTEMS BEYOND CLASSICAL CAPABILITIES / P5- Integration of Superconducting Quantum Circuits","_id":"bdb108fd-d553-11ed-ba76-83dc74a9864f"},{"call_identifier":"H2020","_id":"2564DBCA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"International IST Doctoral Program","grant_number":"665385"}],"has_accepted_license":"1","department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"JoFi"}],"publication_status":"published","publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","citation":{"ieee":"A. Trioni, “High-impedance quantum circuits for mesoscopic physics : Geometric superinductors and insulating Josephson Chains,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025.","ista":"Trioni A. 2025. High-impedance quantum circuits for mesoscopic physics : Geometric superinductors and insulating Josephson Chains. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","apa":"Trioni, A. (2025). <i>High-impedance quantum circuits for mesoscopic physics : Geometric superinductors and insulating Josephson Chains</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-20371\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-20371</a>","mla":"Trioni, Andrea. <i>High-Impedance Quantum Circuits for Mesoscopic Physics : Geometric Superinductors and Insulating Josephson Chains</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-20371\">10.15479/AT-ISTA-20371</a>.","short":"A. Trioni, High-Impedance Quantum Circuits for Mesoscopic Physics : Geometric Superinductors and Insulating Josephson Chains, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025.","ama":"Trioni A. High-impedance quantum circuits for mesoscopic physics : Geometric superinductors and insulating Josephson Chains. 2025. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-20371\">10.15479/AT-ISTA-20371</a>","chicago":"Trioni, Andrea. “High-Impedance Quantum Circuits for Mesoscopic Physics : Geometric Superinductors and Insulating Josephson Chains.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-20371\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-20371</a>."},"oa":1,"corr_author":"1","alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"ddc":["539"],"title":"High-impedance quantum circuits for mesoscopic physics : Geometric superinductors and insulating Josephson Chains","month":"09","_id":"20371","date_updated":"2026-04-15T06:43:02Z","ec_funded":1,"type":"dissertation","user_id":"ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd","degree_awarded":"PhD","file":[{"date_created":"2025-09-25T07:15:05Z","checksum":"6fb925648dfa5f4384814c552ee2f099","file_name":"2025_Trioni_Andrea_Thesis.pdf","relation":"main_file","file_id":"20392","file_size":22351676,"date_updated":"2025-09-25T14:25:31Z","content_type":"application/pdf","creator":"atrioni","access_level":"open_access"},{"creator":"atrioni","access_level":"closed","content_type":"application/x-zip-compressed","date_updated":"2025-09-26T07:20:48Z","file_size":60079009,"file_id":"20396","relation":"source_file","file_name":"2025_Trioni_Andrea_Thesis.zip","checksum":"619dc614bdfbf3999b76ac8890b2cebd","date_created":"2025-09-25T14:45:43Z"}],"page":"202","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Quantum mechanics reveals a world that defies classical determinism, where uncertainty, superposition, and fluctuations are fundamental aspects. Engineering devices that harness these quantum features requires not only precision, but also a deep understanding of how they interact with their surrounding environment. Superconducting circuits, which exploit\r\nmacroscopic quantum coherence in low-loss superconducting materials, provide a scalable platform for implementing such systems. Among the critical elements in these circuits, superinductors—high-impedance, dissipation-free inductive components—play a central role by suppressing charge fluctuations. They allow quantum states to be delocalized in phase space, protect qubits from environmental noise, and facilitate access to phenomena such as dual Josephson physics and ultra-strong coupling regimes. \r\nThis thesis explores two complementary implementations of high-impedance circuits: geometric superinductors, demonstrating that high impedance can be achieved beyond kinetic inductance,\r\nand Josephson junction chains, used to investigate both microwave mode properties and DC transport across the superconductor-to-insulator transition. \r\nPart I addresses geometric superinductors. Contrary to the common belief that high-impedance superconducting circuits require kinetic inductance, we demonstrate that purely geometric designs can achieve characteristic impedance exceeding the resistance quantum. By exploiting mutual coupling between adjacent turns, coil-based inductors achieve enhanced self-inductance, creating a reliable platform for qubits and resonators. Modeling, simulation, fabrication, and\r\ncharacterization confirm that these elements behave as superinductor. With low loss, high linearity, and minimal stray capacitance, these elements are reproducible, free of uncontrolled tunneling events, and capable of strong magnetic coupling. This establishes geometric superinductors as robust, single-wave-function superconducting devices suitable for hardware protected qubits and hybrid systems.\r\nPart II presents classical numerical simulations of a Quantum Phase Slip circuit to study dual Shapiro steps. The circuit consists of an ideal Quantum Phase Slip element embedded in a resistive-inductive environment with a parasitic capacitance.\r\nPart III extends the investigation of high characteristic-impedance circuit elements to one-dimensional Josephson junction chains, which act as a quantum simulator for many-body physics and the superconductor–insulator transition. Different devices are realized on both sides of the DC phase transition, showing either a supercurrent branch or Coulomb blockade at zero bias. The effect of the crossover on microwave modes, however, remains insufficiently investigated. Studying these modes provides insight into the interplay between disorder and phase-slip events. Small differences in circuit component sizes determine which side of the transition a device falls on, making these results relevant not only for fundamental understanding but also for the design of quantum devices, emphasizing the crucial role of the\r\nelectromagnetic environment in stabilizing and controlling fragile quantum states. \r\nTogether, these results illustrate how carefully engineered high characteristic-impedance elements provide a link between macroscopic circuits and the inherently uncertain quantum world, enabling experiments that probe, control, and ultimately exploit quantum fluctuations for applications in quantum information, metrology, solid state physics and beyond.\r\n\r\n"}],"related_material":{"record":[{"id":"8755","status":"public","relation":"part_of_dissertation"}]},"date_published":"2025-09-23T00:00:00Z","date_created":"2025-09-23T09:57:57Z","article_processing_charge":"No","OA_place":"publisher","status":"public","acknowledgement":"I also gratefully acknowledge the generous support of the NOMIS Foundation Project \"Protected\r\nStates of Quantum Matter\" and the grant from the Beyond-C consortium. Their funding\r\nmade this research possible and gave me the freedom to ask ambitious questions, and try to\r\nanswer them.\r\n","file_date_updated":"2025-09-26T07:20:48Z","publication_identifier":{"isbn":["978-3-99078-067-1"],"issn":["2663-337X"]},"supervisor":[{"last_name":"Fink","first_name":"Johannes M","id":"4B591CBA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0001-8112-028X","full_name":"Fink, Johannes M"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"year":"2025","acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"NanoFab"},{"_id":"M-Shop"}],"author":[{"last_name":"Trioni","first_name":"Andrea","id":"42F71B44-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Trioni, Andrea"}]},{"acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"M-Shop"},{"_id":"NanoFab"}],"quality_controlled":"1","author":[{"last_name":"Janik","first_name":"Marian","id":"396A1950-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0009-0003-9037-8831","full_name":"Janik, Marian"},{"id":"53f93ea2-803f-11ed-ab7e-b283135794ef","first_name":"Kevin Etienne Robert","full_name":"Roux, Kevin Etienne Robert","last_name":"Roux"},{"full_name":"Borja Espinosa, Carla N","first_name":"Carla N","id":"18777c01-896a-11ed-bdf8-e4851dc07d16","last_name":"Borja Espinosa"},{"last_name":"Sagi","first_name":"Oliver","id":"71616374-A8E9-11E9-A7CA-09ECE5697425","full_name":"Sagi, Oliver"},{"last_name":"Baghdadi","full_name":"Baghdadi, Abdulhamid","id":"160D87FA-96B5-11E9-BF77-7626E6697425","first_name":"Abdulhamid"},{"first_name":"Thomas","id":"38756BB2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Adletzberger, Thomas","last_name":"Adletzberger"},{"last_name":"Calcaterra","full_name":"Calcaterra, Stefano","first_name":"Stefano"},{"full_name":"Botifoll, Marc","first_name":"Marc","last_name":"Botifoll"},{"first_name":"Alba","full_name":"Garzón Manjón, Alba","last_name":"Garzón Manjón"},{"last_name":"Arbiol","full_name":"Arbiol, Jordi","first_name":"Jordi"},{"last_name":"Chrastina","first_name":"Daniel","full_name":"Chrastina, Daniel"},{"first_name":"Giovanni","full_name":"Isella, Giovanni","last_name":"Isella"},{"first_name":"Ioan M.","full_name":"Pop, Ioan M.","last_name":"Pop"},{"last_name":"Katsaros","orcid":"0000-0001-8342-202X","full_name":"Katsaros, Georgios","first_name":"Georgios","id":"38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}],"article_number":"2103","file_date_updated":"2025-03-17T10:53:32Z","acknowledgement":"We acknowledge Franco De Palma, Mahya Khorramshahi, Fabian Oppliger, Thomas Reisinger, Pasquale Scarlino and Xiao Xue for helpful discussions. We thank Simon Robson for proofreading the manuscript. This research was supported by the Scientific Service Units of ISTA through resources provided by the MIBA Machine Shop and the Nanofabrication facility. This research and related results were made possible with the support of the NOMIS Foundation and the HORIZON-RIA 101069515 project. This research was funded in whole or in part by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) https://doi.org/10.55776/P32235, https://doi.org/10.55776/I5060 and https://doi.org/10.55776/P36507. For Open Access purposes, the author has applied a CC BY public copyright license to any author accepted manuscript version arising from this submission. M.J. acknowledges funding from FellowQUTE 2024-01. K.R. acknowledges funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 101034413. I.M.P. acknowledges funding from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG - German Research Foundation) under project number 450396347 (GeHoldeQED). ICN2 acknowledges funding from Generalitat de Catalunya 2021SGR00457. We acknowledge support from CSIC Interdisciplinary Thematic Platform (PTI+) on Quantum Technologies (PTI-QTEP+). This research work has been funded by the European Commission - NextGenerationEU (Regulation EU 2020/2094), through CSIC’s Quantum Technologies Platform (QTEP). ICN2 is supported by the Severo Ochoa programme from Spanish MCIN/AEI (Grant No.: CEX2021-001214-S) and is funded by the CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya. Part of the present work has been performed in the framework of Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Materials Science PhD programme. AGM has received funding from Grant RYC2021-033479-I funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR. M.B. acknowledges support from SUR Generalitat de Catalunya and the EU Social Fund; project ref. 2020 FI 00103. The authors acknowledge the use of instrumentation and the technical advice provided by the Joint Electron Microscopy Centre at ALBA (JEMCA). ICN2 acknowledges funding from Grant IU16-014206 (METCAM-FIB) funded by the European Union through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), with the support of the Ministry of Research and Universities, Generalitat de Catalunya. ICN2 is a founding member of e-DREAM60.","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2041-1723"]},"isi":1,"year":"2025","publication":"Nature Communications","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"related_material":{"record":[{"id":"18144","status":"public","relation":"earlier_version"},{"status":"public","id":"18886","relation":"research_data"}]},"article_type":"original","external_id":{"pmid":["40025007"],"isi":["001434774800001"],"arxiv":["2407.03079"]},"date_published":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","date_created":"2025-03-16T23:01:23Z","article_processing_charge":"Yes","status":"public","OA_place":"publisher","DOAJ_listed":"1","file":[{"content_type":"application/pdf","creator":"dernst","access_level":"open_access","success":1,"file_id":"19415","file_size":6364878,"date_updated":"2025-03-17T10:53:32Z","relation":"main_file","date_created":"2025-03-17T10:53:32Z","checksum":"a9383dd978ca2c50b7dded6c0bb2cd49","file_name":"2025_NatureComm_Janik.pdf"}],"OA_type":"gold","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"High kinetic inductance superconductors are gaining increasing interest for the realisation of qubits, amplifiers and detectors. Moreover, thanks to their high impedance, quantum buses made of such materials enable large zero-point fluctuations of the voltage, boosting the coupling rates to spin and charge qubits. However, fully exploiting the potential of disordered or granular superconductors is challenging, as their inductance and, therefore, impedance at high values are difficult to control. Here, we report a reproducible fabrication of granular aluminium resonators by developing a wireless ohmmeter, which allows in situ measurements during film deposition and, therefore, control of the kinetic inductance of granular aluminium films. Reproducible fabrication of circuits with impedances (inductances) exceeding 13 kΩ (1 nH per square) is now possible. By integrating a 7.9 kΩ resonator with a germanium double quantum dot, we demonstrate strong charge-photon coupling with a rate of gc/2π = 566 ± 2 MHz. This broadly applicable method opens the path for novel qubits and high-fidelity, long-distance two-qubit gates."}],"ec_funded":1,"type":"journal_article","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"pmid":1,"corr_author":"1","ddc":["530"],"title":"Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium enabled by granular aluminium superinductors","APC_amount":"7068 EUR","month":"03","_id":"19401","date_updated":"2026-05-20T06:34:51Z","intvolume":"        16","department":[{"_id":"GeKa"},{"_id":"JoFi"},{"_id":"M-Shop"}],"arxiv":1,"publication_status":"published","publisher":"Springer Nature","citation":{"mla":"Janik, Marian, et al. “Strong Charge-Photon Coupling in Planar Germanium Enabled by Granular Aluminium Superinductors.” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 16, 2103, Springer Nature, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-57252-4\">10.1038/s41467-025-57252-4</a>.","ieee":"M. Janik <i>et al.</i>, “Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium enabled by granular aluminium superinductors,” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 16. Springer Nature, 2025.","apa":"Janik, M., Roux, K. E. R., Borja Espinosa, C. N., Sagi, O., Baghdadi, A., Adletzberger, T., … Katsaros, G. (2025). Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium enabled by granular aluminium superinductors. <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-57252-4\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-57252-4</a>","ista":"Janik M, Roux KER, Borja Espinosa CN, Sagi O, Baghdadi A, Adletzberger T, Calcaterra S, Botifoll M, Garzón Manjón A, Arbiol J, Chrastina D, Isella G, Pop IM, Katsaros G. 2025. Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium enabled by granular aluminium superinductors. Nature Communications. 16, 2103.","short":"M. Janik, K.E.R. Roux, C.N. Borja Espinosa, O. Sagi, A. Baghdadi, T. Adletzberger, S. Calcaterra, M. Botifoll, A. Garzón Manjón, J. Arbiol, D. Chrastina, G. Isella, I.M. Pop, G. Katsaros, Nature Communications 16 (2025).","ama":"Janik M, Roux KER, Borja Espinosa CN, et al. Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium enabled by granular aluminium superinductors. <i>Nature Communications</i>. 2025;16. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-57252-4\">10.1038/s41467-025-57252-4</a>","chicago":"Janik, Marian, Kevin Etienne Robert Roux, Carla N Borja Espinosa, Oliver Sagi, Abdulhamid Baghdadi, Thomas Adletzberger, Stefano Calcaterra, et al. “Strong Charge-Photon Coupling in Planar Germanium Enabled by Granular Aluminium Superinductors.” <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-57252-4\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-57252-4</a>."},"oa":1,"doi":"10.1038/s41467-025-57252-4","oa_version":"Published Version","day":"01","project":[{"_id":"34c0acea-11ca-11ed-8bc3-8775e10fd452","grant_number":"101069515","name":"Integrated Germanium Quantum Technology"},{"name":"Towards scalable hut wire quantum devices","grant_number":"P32235","call_identifier":"FWF","_id":"237B3DA4-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E"},{"grant_number":"I05060","name":"High impedance circuit quantum electrodynamics with hole spins","_id":"c0977eea-5a5b-11eb-8a69-a862db0cf4d1"},{"name":"Merging spin and superconducting qubits in planar Ge","grant_number":"P36507","_id":"bd8bd29e-d553-11ed-ba76-f0070d4b237a"},{"grant_number":"101034413","name":"IST-BRIDGE: International postdoctoral program","call_identifier":"H2020","_id":"fc2ed2f7-9c52-11eb-aca3-c01059dda49c"},{"name":"FWF Open Access Fund","_id":"3AC91DDA-15DF-11EA-824D-93A3E7B544D1","call_identifier":"FWF"}],"volume":16,"has_accepted_license":"1","scopus_import":"1"},{"corr_author":"1","title":"Quantifying the carbon footprint of conference travel: The case of NMR meetings","ddc":["000"],"APC_amount":"1260 EUR","month":"11","_id":"20664","date_updated":"2026-05-20T08:01:13Z","type":"journal_article","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"doi":"10.5194/mr-6-243-2025","oa_version":"Published Version","day":"10","project":[{"_id":"B67AFEDC-15C9-11EA-A837-991A96BB2854","name":"IST Austria Open Access Fund"}],"has_accepted_license":"1","scopus_import":"1","volume":6,"intvolume":"         6","department":[{"_id":"JoFi"},{"_id":"GaTk"},{"_id":"JoCs"},{"_id":"EvBe"},{"_id":"TaHa"},{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"GeKa"},{"_id":"PaSc"}],"publication_status":"published","publisher":"Copernicus Publications","citation":{"mla":"Kapoor, Lucky, et al. “Quantifying the Carbon Footprint of Conference Travel: The Case of NMR Meetings.” <i>Magnetic Resonance</i>, vol. 6, no. 2, Copernicus Publications, 2025, pp. 243–56, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.5194/mr-6-243-2025\">10.5194/mr-6-243-2025</a>.","ista":"Kapoor L, Ruzickova N, Zivadinovic P, Leitner V, Sisak MA, Mweka CN, Dobbelaere JA, Katsaros G, Schanda P. 2025. Quantifying the carbon footprint of conference travel: The case of NMR meetings. Magnetic Resonance. 6(2), 243–256.","apa":"Kapoor, L., Ruzickova, N., Zivadinovic, P., Leitner, V., Sisak, M. A., Mweka, C. N., … Schanda, P. (2025). Quantifying the carbon footprint of conference travel: The case of NMR meetings. <i>Magnetic Resonance</i>. Copernicus Publications. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.5194/mr-6-243-2025\">https://doi.org/10.5194/mr-6-243-2025</a>","ieee":"L. Kapoor <i>et al.</i>, “Quantifying the carbon footprint of conference travel: The case of NMR meetings,” <i>Magnetic Resonance</i>, vol. 6, no. 2. Copernicus Publications, pp. 243–256, 2025.","short":"L. Kapoor, N. Ruzickova, P. Zivadinovic, V. Leitner, M.A. Sisak, C.N. Mweka, J.A. Dobbelaere, G. Katsaros, P. Schanda, Magnetic Resonance 6 (2025) 243–256.","ama":"Kapoor L, Ruzickova N, Zivadinovic P, et al. Quantifying the carbon footprint of conference travel: The case of NMR meetings. <i>Magnetic Resonance</i>. 2025;6(2):243-256. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.5194/mr-6-243-2025\">10.5194/mr-6-243-2025</a>","chicago":"Kapoor, Lucky, Natalia Ruzickova, Predrag Zivadinovic, Valentin Leitner, Maria A Sisak, Cecelia N Mweka, Jeroen A Dobbelaere, Georgios Katsaros, and Paul Schanda. “Quantifying the Carbon Footprint of Conference Travel: The Case of NMR Meetings.” <i>Magnetic Resonance</i>. Copernicus Publications, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.5194/mr-6-243-2025\">https://doi.org/10.5194/mr-6-243-2025</a>."},"oa":1,"acknowledgement":"First and foremost, we are grateful to the conference organizers who have provided data, either in the form of tables or by pointing us to abstract books. We thank the reviewers and the handling editor (Gottfried Otting) for the careful reading and suggestions. This project emerged from an interactive course about energy and climate, held at IST Austria by Jeroen Dobbelaere, Georgios Katsaros and Paul Schanda. We are grateful to ISTA's Graduate School for enabling this interdisciplinary course and to all participating students. We thank the following persons for discussions and/or comments about the manuscript: Helene Van Melckebeke, Mei Hong, Jeff Hoch, Gottfried Otting and Matthias Ernst. For the preparation of the manuscript, AI tools have been used, namely for finding relevant literature (ChatGPT) and for correcting the text (Writefull, within Overleaf LaTeX).","file_date_updated":"2025-11-24T08:25:19Z","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2699-0016"]},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"Magnetic Resonance","year":"2025","PlanS_conform":"1","quality_controlled":"1","author":[{"last_name":"Kapoor","full_name":"Kapoor, Lucky","orcid":"0000-0001-8319-2148","id":"84b9700b-15b2-11ec-abd3-831089e67615","first_name":"Lucky"},{"last_name":"Ruzickova","full_name":"Ruzickova, Natalia","first_name":"Natalia","id":"D2761128-D73D-11E9-A1BF-BA0DE6697425"},{"full_name":"Zivadinovic, Predrag","id":"68AA0E5A-AFDA-11E9-9994-141DE6697425","first_name":"Predrag","last_name":"Zivadinovic"},{"last_name":"Leitner","full_name":"Leitner, Valentin","id":"4c665ce3-0016-11ec-bea0-e44de7a4fa3d","first_name":"Valentin"},{"full_name":"Sisak, Maria A","first_name":"Maria A","id":"44A03D04-AEA4-11E9-B225-EA2DE6697425","last_name":"Sisak"},{"full_name":"Mweka, Cecelia N","id":"2a69ab4b-896a-11ed-bdf8-cb8641cf2b21","first_name":"Cecelia N","last_name":"Mweka"},{"full_name":"Dobbelaere, Jeroen A","first_name":"Jeroen A","id":"c15a5412-de82-11ed-b809-8dc1aa996e40","last_name":"Dobbelaere"},{"last_name":"Katsaros","id":"38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Georgios","full_name":"Katsaros, Georgios","orcid":"0000-0001-8342-202X"},{"last_name":"Schanda","first_name":"Paul","id":"7B541462-FAF6-11E9-A490-E8DFE5697425","orcid":"0000-0002-9350-7606","full_name":"Schanda, Paul"}],"issue":"2","file":[{"success":1,"creator":"dernst","access_level":"open_access","content_type":"application/pdf","date_updated":"2025-11-24T08:25:19Z","file_size":3081399,"file_id":"20672","relation":"main_file","checksum":"c63dd47b0e77f9451821436bb77d27c9","file_name":"2025_MagneticResonance_Kapoor.pdf","date_created":"2025-11-24T08:25:19Z"}],"page":"243-256","OA_type":"gold","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Conference travel contributes to the climate footprint of academic research. Here, we provide a quantitative estimate of the carbon emissions associated with conference attendance by analyzing travel data from participants of 10 international conferences in the field of magnetic resonance, namely EUROMAR, ENC and ICMRBS. We find that attending a EUROMAR conference produces, on average, more than 1 t CO2 eq.. For the analyzed conferences outside Europe, the corresponding value is about 2–3 times higher, on average, with intercontinental trips amounting to up to 5 t. We compare these conference-related emissions to other activities associated with research and show that conference travel is a substantial portion of the total climate footprint of a researcher in magnetic resonance. We explore several strategies to reduce these emissions, including the impact of selecting conference venues more strategically and the possibility of decentralized conferences. Through a detailed comparison of train versus air travel – accounting for both direct and infrastructure-related emissions – we demonstrate that train travel offers considerable carbon savings. These data may provide a basis for strategic choices of future conferences in the field and for individuals deciding on their conference attendance."}],"related_material":{"link":[{"relation":"research_data","url":"https://ista.ac.at/en/news/carbon-footprint-of-conference-travel/","description":"News on ISTA website"}],"record":[{"relation":"research_data","status":"public","id":"20242"}]},"article_type":"original","date_created":"2025-11-23T23:01:39Z","date_published":"2025-11-10T00:00:00Z","article_processing_charge":"Yes","status":"public","OA_place":"publisher","DOAJ_listed":"1"},{"article_number":"9470","author":[{"last_name":"Arnold","id":"3770C838-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Georg M","full_name":"Arnold, Georg M","orcid":"0000-0003-1397-7876"},{"last_name":"Werner","orcid":"0009-0001-2346-5236","full_name":"Werner, Thomas","id":"1fcd8497-dba3-11ea-a45e-c6fbd715f7c7","first_name":"Thomas"},{"first_name":"Rishabh","id":"47D26E34-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0001-6264-2162","full_name":"Sahu, Rishabh","last_name":"Sahu"},{"last_name":"Kapoor","full_name":"Kapoor, Lucky","orcid":"0000-0001-8319-2148","id":"84b9700b-15b2-11ec-abd3-831089e67615","first_name":"Lucky"},{"last_name":"Qiu","orcid":"0000-0003-4345-4267","full_name":"Qiu, Liu","first_name":"Liu","id":"45e99c0d-1eb1-11eb-9b96-ed8ab2983cac"},{"last_name":"Fink","first_name":"Johannes M","id":"4B591CBA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0001-8112-028X","full_name":"Fink, Johannes M"}],"quality_controlled":"1","publication":"Nature Physics","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"year":"2025","isi":1,"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1745-2481"],"issn":["1745-2473"]},"file_date_updated":"2025-04-16T08:09:43Z","acknowledgement":"We thank F. Hassani and M. Zemlicka for assistance with qubit design and high-power readout, respectively, and P. Winkel and I. Pop at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology for providing the JPA. This work was supported by the European Research Council under grant nos. 758053 (ERC StG QUNNECT) and 101089099 (ERC CoG cQEO), and the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant no. 899354 (FETopen SuperQuLAN). This research was funded in whole, or in part, by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) DOI 10.55776/F71. L.Q. acknowledges generous support from the ISTFELLOW programme and G.A. is the recipient of a DOC fellowship of the Austrian Academy of Sciences at IST Austria. Open access funding provided by Institute of Science and Technology (IST Austria).","status":"public","OA_place":"publisher","article_processing_charge":"Yes (via OA deal)","date_published":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","date_created":"2025-02-23T23:01:57Z","external_id":{"pmid":["40093969"],"isi":["001417760400001"]},"article_type":"original","related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"earlier_version","status":"public","id":"18953"},{"id":"21863","status":"public","relation":"dissertation_contains"}],"link":[{"url":"https://ista.ac.at/en/news/when-qubits-learn-the-language-of-fiberoptics/","relation":"press_release","description":"News on ISTA Website"}]},"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The rapid development of superconducting quantum hardware is expected to run into substantial restrictions on scalability because error correction in a cryogenic environment has stringent input–output requirements. Classical data centres rely on fibre-optic interconnects to remove similar networking bottlenecks. In the same spirit, ultracold electro-optic links have been proposed and used to generate qubit control signals, or to replace cryogenic readout electronics. So far, these approaches have suffered from either low efficiency, low bandwidth or additional noise. Here we realize radio-over-fibre qubit readout at millikelvin temperatures. We use one device to simultaneously perform upconversion and downconversion between microwave and optical frequencies and so do not require any active or passive cryogenic microwave equipment. We demonstrate all-optical single-shot readout in a circulator-free readout scheme. Importantly, we do not observe any direct radiation impact on the qubit state, despite the absence of shielding elements. This compatibility between superconducting circuits and telecom-wavelength light is not only a prerequisite to establish modular quantum networks, but it is also relevant for multiplexed readout of superconducting photon detectors and classical superconducting logic."}],"OA_type":"hybrid","file":[{"file_id":"19572","date_updated":"2025-04-16T08:09:43Z","file_size":3396595,"content_type":"application/pdf","success":1,"access_level":"open_access","creator":"dernst","date_created":"2025-04-16T08:09:43Z","checksum":"ab7469aca9e2e068eb78e5c5c1efaf7d","file_name":"2025_NaturePhysics_Arnold.pdf","relation":"main_file"}],"user_id":"ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"pmid":1,"type":"journal_article","ec_funded":1,"date_updated":"2026-05-20T13:35:42Z","_id":"19073","month":"03","title":"All-optical superconducting qubit readout","ddc":["530"],"corr_author":"1","oa":1,"citation":{"ieee":"G. M. Arnold, T. Werner, R. Sahu, L. Kapoor, L. Qiu, and J. M. Fink, “All-optical superconducting qubit readout,” <i>Nature Physics</i>, vol. 21. Springer Nature, 2025.","apa":"Arnold, G. M., Werner, T., Sahu, R., Kapoor, L., Qiu, L., &#38; Fink, J. M. (2025). All-optical superconducting qubit readout. <i>Nature Physics</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-024-02741-4\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-024-02741-4</a>","ista":"Arnold GM, Werner T, Sahu R, Kapoor L, Qiu L, Fink JM. 2025. All-optical superconducting qubit readout. Nature Physics. 21, 9470.","mla":"Arnold, Georg M., et al. “All-Optical Superconducting Qubit Readout.” <i>Nature Physics</i>, vol. 21, 9470, Springer Nature, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-024-02741-4\">10.1038/s41567-024-02741-4</a>.","chicago":"Arnold, Georg M, Thomas Werner, Rishabh Sahu, Lucky Kapoor, Liu Qiu, and Johannes M Fink. “All-Optical Superconducting Qubit Readout.” <i>Nature Physics</i>. Springer Nature, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-024-02741-4\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-024-02741-4</a>.","ama":"Arnold GM, Werner T, Sahu R, Kapoor L, Qiu L, Fink JM. All-optical superconducting qubit readout. <i>Nature Physics</i>. 2025;21. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-024-02741-4\">10.1038/s41567-024-02741-4</a>","short":"G.M. Arnold, T. Werner, R. Sahu, L. Kapoor, L. Qiu, J.M. Fink, Nature Physics 21 (2025)."},"publisher":"Springer Nature","publication_status":"published","department":[{"_id":"JoFi"}],"intvolume":"        21","has_accepted_license":"1","scopus_import":"1","volume":21,"project":[{"_id":"26336814-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"H2020","grant_number":"758053","name":"A Fiber Optic Transceiver for Superconducting Qubits"},{"_id":"bdadfa0d-d553-11ed-ba76-fb85edbd456a","grant_number":"101089099","name":"Cavity Quantum Electro Optics: Microwave photonics with nonclassical states"},{"name":"Quantum Local Area Networks with Superconducting Qubits","grant_number":"899354","call_identifier":"H2020","_id":"9B868D20-BA93-11EA-9121-9846C619BF3A"},{"_id":"2671EB66-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"Coherent on-chip conversion of superconducting qubit signals from microwaves to optical frequencies"},{"name":"QUANTUM INFORMATION SYSTEMS BEYOND CLASSICAL CAPABILITIES / P5- Integration of Superconducting Quantum Circuits","grant_number":"F07105","_id":"bdb108fd-d553-11ed-ba76-83dc74a9864f"}],"day":"01","oa_version":"Published Version","doi":"10.1038/s41567-024-02741-4"},{"license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"part_of_dissertation","id":"6609","status":"public"},{"relation":"part_of_dissertation","id":"8529","status":"public"},{"relation":"part_of_dissertation","status":"public","id":"18953"},{"status":"public","id":"10924","relation":"part_of_dissertation"},{"status":"public","id":"9114","relation":"part_of_dissertation"},{"status":"public","id":"13200","relation":"part_of_dissertation"}]},"OA_place":"publisher","status":"public","article_processing_charge":"No","date_created":"2025-01-24T10:28:39Z","date_published":"2025-01-24T00:00:00Z","degree_awarded":"PhD","abstract":[{"text":"\"Can we do this with a new type of computer - a quantum computer?\". This famous\r\nquotation of the brilliant Richard Feynman within a conference talk on \"Simulating physics\r\nwith computers.” is often reverently praised as the origin of the field of quantum computing.\r\nThe idea was to use quantum mechanical systems itself to simulate \"Nature\", which is\r\ninherently quantum mechanical. Now, 43 years later, the theoretical framework of how such\r\na computer can operate has been developed. Two main important concepts for a potential\r\nquantum supremacy, superposition and entanglement, have been exploited to design quantum\r\nalgorithms to significantly speed up certain tasks. Yet, the specific hardware implementation\r\nis still far from being certain, in fact the race between the most promising platforms such as\r\nsuperconducting qubits, bosonic codes, cold atoms, trapped ions, optical computing as well\r\nas spin qubits has recently intensified. If one also includes the most mature applications of\r\nquantum communication technologies, secure quantum key distribution and quantum random\r\nnumber generators, as part of a quantum information technology ecosystem, we are confronted\r\nwith a plethora of different materials, concepts, and also operation frequencies. While\r\nsuperconducting qubits, bosonic codes and spin qubits work in the regime of approximately 5\r\nGHz and are controlled by electrical fields, trapped ions, cold atoms, and optical quantum\r\ncomputing operate with light in the infrared or visible range.\r\nConsequently, a quantum frequency converter or microwave-optic transducer is required\r\nto interface the different frequency domains or establish a long-range network connection\r\nwith suitable telecom fibers. In fact, the combination of different frequency regimes is also\r\nan essential part in our classical modern communication network, where computations are\r\nperformed in electrical circuits and the information exchange over longer distances happens\r\nvia optical fibers. However, the specific challenges specific to building a quantum computer,\r\nalso apply to the development of such a quantum frequency transducer: 1) As we deal with\r\nsingle excitations as the carrier of information, i.e. the smallest possible quantity, the signal\r\ncan easily be corrupted by other noise sources which needs to be avoided by all means. This\r\nis also the reason why microwave quantum computers operate at temperature environments\r\nclose to zero temperature (< 0.1 Kelvin) to avoid corruption by thermal noise. 2) The\r\nfrequency interface generally needs to preserve the phase of the signal as an essential part\r\nof the quantum state. And 3) Quantum signals cannot be copied which would be a typical\r\nstrategy to account for errors in classical computers. And finally, there is a challenge specific to\r\nmicrowave-optic transducers: While quantum computers are operating in one specific frequency\r\ndomain, microwave-optic transducers combine microwave and optical fields in one device.\r\nThis results in the particular challenge that high-energy optical radiation, which is usually\r\nwell-shielded from superconducting microwave quantum processors, are now an essential part\r\nof the device. The concomitant optical radiation in the operating transducer will inevitably\r\nhave a detrimental effect on the superconducting microwave components. Together with the\r\nrequirement of minimal background noise for quantum-limited operation as described above,\r\nv\r\nheating from the absorption of optical photons within the same device where single microwave\r\nexcitations are processed forms a formidable challenge.\r\nThis thesis aims to address this challenge by developing microwave-optic transducers where\r\nthe impact of optical absorption on superconducting circuits in general and superconducting\r\nqubits specifically can be mitigated. In our first approach, we developed a compact device\r\nwith optimized interaction strengths between the different frequency domains. This minimizes\r\nthe optical powers used for transducer operation and thus the optical absorption heating. This\r\nwork was - to the best of our knowledge - the first comprehensive noise study, in an integrated\r\nmicrowave-optic transducer. Unfortunately, we saw that the optical absorption heating added\r\nnoise way above a single excitation. Consequently, a potential quantum signal would have\r\nbeen buried in the noise, added by the transduction.\r\nBuilding on this insight, we utilized a three-dimensional microwave-optic transducer instead\r\nof an integrated device. The larger heat capacity of the macroscopic device with a size\r\nof a few millimeters can absorb a larger fraction of the optical heating before it increases\r\nthe temperature of the device. This allowed us to interface the transducer directly with a\r\nsuperconducting qubit to readout the qubit state in a novel all-optical manner. We showed\r\nthat the microwave-optic transducer can be operated in a regime in which optical fields don’t\r\nharm the sensitive qubit. This is an important prerequisite for the operation of microwave-optic\r\ntransducers in conjunction with microwave quantum processors and brings the integration and\r\nseamless orchestration of different frequency components in a quantum network a step closer.\r\n","lang":"eng"}],"page":"135","file":[{"date_updated":"2026-01-29T23:30:03Z","file_size":18856130,"file_id":"18946","creator":"cchlebak","access_level":"closed","content_type":"application/x-zip-compressed","checksum":"71872702e8f46c275eaea44efc4d304f","file_name":"tex for upload.zip","date_created":"2025-01-29T08:38:08Z","relation":"source_file","embargo_to":"open_access"},{"content_type":"application/pdf","creator":"cchlebak","access_level":"open_access","file_id":"18947","date_updated":"2026-01-29T23:30:03Z","file_size":17344760,"relation":"main_file","embargo":"2026-01-29","date_created":"2025-01-29T08:38:34Z","checksum":"dfaa06591970f4bff163705802fad56d","file_name":"ISTThesisGA2022_final.pdf"}],"acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"SSU"},{"_id":"M-Shop"},{"_id":"NanoFab"}],"author":[{"id":"3770C838-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Georg M","full_name":"Arnold, Georg M","orcid":"0000-0003-1397-7876","last_name":"Arnold"}],"file_date_updated":"2026-01-29T23:30:03Z","acknowledgement":"This work was supported by the European Research Council under grant agreement no. 758053\r\n(ERC StG QUNNECT) and the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research, innovation program\r\nunder grant agreement no. 899354 (FETopen SuperQuLAN) and the Austrian Science Fund\r\n(FWF) through BeyondC (F7105). I want to acknowledge generous support from the Austrian\r\nAcademy of Sciences from a DOC [Doctoral program of the Austrian Academy of Sciences]\r\nfellowship (no. 25129).\r\n","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"year":"2025","supervisor":[{"last_name":"Fink","id":"4B591CBA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Johannes M","full_name":"Fink, Johannes M","orcid":"0000-0001-8112-028X"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["2663-337X"]},"publication_status":"published","department":[{"_id":"JoFi"},{"_id":"GradSch"}],"oa":1,"citation":{"mla":"Arnold, Georg M. <i>Microwave-Optic Interconnects for Superconducting Circuits</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:18871\">10.15479/at:ista:18871</a>.","ieee":"G. M. Arnold, “Microwave-optic interconnects for superconducting circuits,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025.","apa":"Arnold, G. M. (2025). <i>Microwave-optic interconnects for superconducting circuits</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:18871\">https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:18871</a>","ista":"Arnold GM. 2025. Microwave-optic interconnects for superconducting circuits. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","short":"G.M. Arnold, Microwave-Optic Interconnects for Superconducting Circuits, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025.","ama":"Arnold GM. Microwave-optic interconnects for superconducting circuits. 2025. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:18871\">10.15479/at:ista:18871</a>","chicago":"Arnold, Georg M. “Microwave-Optic Interconnects for Superconducting Circuits.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:18871\">https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:18871</a>."},"publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","day":"24","oa_version":"Published Version","doi":"10.15479/at:ista:18871","has_accepted_license":"1","project":[{"call_identifier":"H2020","_id":"26336814-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"758053","name":"A Fiber Optic Transceiver for Superconducting Qubits"},{"grant_number":"899354","name":"Quantum Local Area Networks with Superconducting Qubits","_id":"9B868D20-BA93-11EA-9121-9846C619BF3A","call_identifier":"H2020"},{"_id":"2671EB66-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"Coherent on-chip conversion of superconducting qubit signals from microwaves to optical frequencies"},{"grant_number":"F07105","name":"QUANTUM INFORMATION SYSTEMS BEYOND CLASSICAL CAPABILITIES / P5- Integration of Superconducting Quantum Circuits","_id":"bdb108fd-d553-11ed-ba76-83dc74a9864f"}],"ec_funded":1,"tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY-NC-SA (4.0)","name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by_nc_sa.png"},"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","type":"dissertation","title":"Microwave-optic interconnects for superconducting circuits","ddc":["530"],"alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"corr_author":"1","date_updated":"2026-04-16T12:20:43Z","_id":"18871","month":"01"},{"project":[{"grant_number":"862644","name":"Quantum readout techniques and technologies","call_identifier":"H2020","_id":"237CBA6C-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E"},{"_id":"bdb108fd-d553-11ed-ba76-83dc74a9864f","name":"QUANTUM INFORMATION SYSTEMS BEYOND CLASSICAL CAPABILITIES / P5- Integration of Superconducting Quantum Circuits","grant_number":"F07105"}],"has_accepted_license":"1","oa_version":"Published Version","day":"1","doi":"10.15479/AT-ISTA-19533","publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","oa":1,"citation":{"short":"R. Sett,  Quantum Remote Sensing and Non-Equilibrium Phase Transitions in the Microwave Regime, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025.","ama":"Sett R.  Quantum remote sensing and non-equilibrium phase transitions in the microwave regime. 2025. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-19533\">10.15479/AT-ISTA-19533</a>","chicago":"Sett, Riya. “ Quantum Remote Sensing and Non-Equilibrium Phase Transitions in the Microwave Regime.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-19533\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-19533</a>.","mla":"Sett, Riya. <i> Quantum Remote Sensing and Non-Equilibrium Phase Transitions in the Microwave Regime</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-19533\">10.15479/AT-ISTA-19533</a>.","apa":"Sett, R. (2025). <i> Quantum remote sensing and non-equilibrium phase transitions in the microwave regime</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-19533\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-19533</a>","ieee":"R. Sett, “ Quantum remote sensing and non-equilibrium phase transitions in the microwave regime,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025.","ista":"Sett R. 2025.  Quantum remote sensing and non-equilibrium phase transitions in the microwave regime. Institute of Science and Technology Austria."},"keyword":["phase transition","open quantum system","phase diagram","cavity quantum electrodynamics","superconducting qubits","semiclassical physics","quantum optics","josephson junction","parametric converter","phase conjugation","quantum radar","quantum entanglement","correlation","quantum sensing"],"publication_status":"published","department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"JoFi"}],"month":"04","date_updated":"2026-04-16T12:20:42Z","_id":"19533","alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"corr_author":"1","title":" Quantum remote sensing and non-equilibrium phase transitions in the microwave regime","ddc":["530"],"type":"dissertation","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","ec_funded":1,"file":[{"access_level":"open_access","creator":"rsett","content_type":"application/pdf","file_size":4129208,"date_updated":"2025-10-11T22:30:02Z","file_id":"19538","embargo":"2025-10-11","relation":"main_file","file_name":"PhD_Thesis_Riya_Sett_pdfa.pdf","checksum":"ba6cd2289d0141a160a14fc97df1632f","date_created":"2025-04-10T11:33:22Z"},{"relation":"source_file","embargo_to":"open_access","checksum":"ee63a94cb8f7adf5e766903028b81ed6","file_name":"PhD Thesis Riya Sett.zip","date_created":"2025-04-10T11:34:08Z","creator":"rsett","access_level":"closed","content_type":"application/x-zip-compressed","date_updated":"2025-10-11T22:30:02Z","file_size":6646110,"file_id":"19539"}],"abstract":[{"text":"This thesis explores advancements in quantum remote sensing and non-equilibrium phase\r\ntransitions in the microwave regime, with a focus on dissipative phase transitions and quantumenhanced sensing.\r\nIn the first project, I experimentally studied photon blockade breakdown as a dissipative phase\r\ntransition in a zero-dimensional cavity-qubit system. By defining an appropriate thermodynamic\r\nlimit, we demonstrated that the observed bistability is a genuine signature of a first-order\r\nphase transition in this system. This work provides insight into non-equilibrium quantum\r\ndynamics and phase transitions in driven-dissipative open quantum systems.\r\nThe second project focuses on the experimental realization of a phase-conjugate receiver for\r\nquantum illumination (QI), a quantum sensing protocol that enhances target detection in noisy\r\nenvironments using entangled light. While an ideal spontaneous parametric down-conversion\r\n(SPDC) source and receiver could, in theory, provide up to a 6 dB advantage over classical\r\nillumination, no such ideal receiver exists. Instead, we explore an experimental realization of a\r\nphase-conjugate receiver for QI in the microwave regime at millikelvin temperatures using a\r\nJosephson parametric converter (JPC) as a source of continuous-variable Gaussian entangled\r\nsignal-idler pairs, where a maximum 3 dB advantage is theoretically achievable. We investigate\r\nkey experimental limitations that constrain practical QI performance, contributing to the\r\ndevelopment of quantum-enhanced sensing.\r\nAdditionally, this thesis presents efficient digital signal processing (DSP) techniques implemented in C++ and Python in collaboration with Przemysław Zieliński and Luka Drmić. These\r\nmethods, optimized using the Intel Integrated Performance Primitives (IPP) library, have been\r\nessential in data acquisition, noise filtering, and correlation analysis across multiple research\r\nprojects. Although not real-time, these DSP techniques significantly enhance the accuracy of\r\nquantum measurements.\r\nOverall, this thesis advances quantum-enhanced sensing by establishing the thermodynamic\r\nlimit in a single transmon-cavity system and experimentally exploring a phase-conjugate receiver\r\nfor QI. These findings contribute to quantum metrology, particularly for weak signal detection\r\nand remote sensing in noisy environments.\r\n","lang":"eng"}],"page":"109","degree_awarded":"PhD","article_processing_charge":"No","date_created":"2025-04-09T16:44:26Z","date_published":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","status":"public","OA_place":"publisher","related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","id":"18978","relation":"research_data"},{"relation":"part_of_dissertation","status":"public","id":"19280"},{"status":"public","id":"13117","relation":"part_of_dissertation"},{"relation":"part_of_dissertation","status":"public","id":"17183"}]},"supervisor":[{"last_name":"Fink","first_name":"Johannes M","id":"4B591CBA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0001-8112-028X","full_name":"Fink, Johannes M"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["2663-337X"]},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"year":"2025","acknowledgement":"I acknowledge the generous financial support of the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) via BeyondC\r\n(F7105) and the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (FETopen\r\nQUARTET, Grant Agreement No. 862644), which made this research possible. I also extend\r\nmy sincere appreciation to the MIBA workshop and the Institute of Science and Technology\r\nAustria nanofabrication facility for their technical assistance, which was instrumental in realizing\r\nthis work.","file_date_updated":"2025-10-11T22:30:02Z","author":[{"id":"2E6D040E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Riya","orcid":"0000-0001-7641-8348","full_name":"Sett, Riya","last_name":"Sett"}],"acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"ScienComp"},{"_id":"M-Shop"},{"_id":"NanoFab"},{"_id":"LifeSc"},{"_id":"SSU"}]},{"related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"dissertation_contains","status":"public","id":"19533"}]},"article_type":"original","external_id":{"isi":["001454696700003"],"pmid":["40021171"],"arxiv":["2310.04200"]},"date_created":"2025-03-02T23:01:52Z","date_published":"2025-02-14T00:00:00Z","article_processing_charge":"Yes (via OA deal)","OA_place":"publisher","status":"public","file":[{"content_type":"application/pdf","access_level":"open_access","creator":"dernst","success":1,"file_id":"19291","file_size":2080408,"date_updated":"2025-03-04T10:40:50Z","relation":"main_file","date_created":"2025-03-04T10:40:50Z","file_name":"2025_PhysReviewLetters_Redchenko.pdf","checksum":"633d6c5ddd9b805da22c5839d3d48df6"}],"OA_type":"hybrid","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Recent advancements in superconducting circuits have enabled the experimental study of collective behavior of precisely controlled intermediate-scale ensembles of qubits. In this work, we demonstrate an atomic frequency comb formed by individual artificial atoms strongly coupled to a single resonator mode. We observe periodic microwave pulses that originate from a single coherent excitation dynamically interacting with the multiqubit ensemble. We show that this revival dynamics emerges as a consequence of the constructive and periodic rephasing of the five superconducting qubits forming the vacuum Rabi split comb. In the future, similar devices could be used as a memory with in situ tunable storage time or as an on-chip periodic pulse generator with nonclassical photon statistics."}],"acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"M-Shop"},{"_id":"NanoFab"}],"quality_controlled":"1","issue":"6","author":[{"id":"2C21D6E8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Elena","full_name":"Redchenko, Elena","last_name":"Redchenko"},{"full_name":"Zens, M.","first_name":"M.","last_name":"Zens"},{"last_name":"Zemlicka","orcid":"0009-0005-0878-3032","full_name":"Zemlicka, Martin","first_name":"Martin","id":"2DCF8DE6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"last_name":"Peruzzo","full_name":"Peruzzo, Matilda","orcid":"0000-0002-3415-4628","id":"3F920B30-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Matilda"},{"first_name":"Farid","id":"2AED110C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Hassani, Farid","orcid":"0000-0001-6937-5773","last_name":"Hassani"},{"orcid":"0000-0001-7641-8348","full_name":"Sett, Riya","id":"2E6D040E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Riya","last_name":"Sett"},{"id":"e198fcc4-f6e0-11ea-865d-b6a256760ee8","first_name":"Przemyslaw D","full_name":"Zielinski, Przemyslaw D","last_name":"Zielinski"},{"first_name":"H. S.","full_name":"Dhar, H. S.","last_name":"Dhar"},{"full_name":"Krimer, D. O.","first_name":"D. O.","last_name":"Krimer"},{"full_name":"Rotter, S.","first_name":"S.","last_name":"Rotter"},{"first_name":"Johannes M","id":"4B591CBA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Fink, Johannes M","orcid":"0000-0001-8112-028X","last_name":"Fink"}],"article_number":"063601","acknowledgement":"The authors thank G. Arnold and R. Sahu for the discussions, L. Drmic for software development, the MIBA workshop and the ISTA nanofabrication facility for technical support, and VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland for providing us TWPAs for follow-up measurements. This work was supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [Grant DOI: 10.55776/F71] through BeyondC (F7105) and IST Austria. E. S. R. is the recipient of a DOC fellowship of the Austrian Academy of Sciences at IST Austria. J. M. F. and M. Ž. acknowledge support from the European Research Council under Grant Agreement No. 758053 (ERC StG QUNNECT) and a NOMIS foundation research grant.","file_date_updated":"2025-03-04T10:40:50Z","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1079-7114"],"issn":["0031-9007"]},"publication":"Physical Review Letters","isi":1,"year":"2025","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"intvolume":"       134","department":[{"_id":"JoFi"}],"publication_status":"published","arxiv":1,"publisher":"American Physical Society","citation":{"ama":"Redchenko E, Zens M, Zemlicka M, et al. Observation of collapse and revival in a superconducting atomic frequency comb. <i>Physical Review Letters</i>. 2025;134(6). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.063601\">10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.063601</a>","short":"E. Redchenko, M. Zens, M. Zemlicka, M. Peruzzo, F. Hassani, R. Sett, P.D. Zielinski, H.S. Dhar, D.O. Krimer, S. Rotter, J.M. Fink, Physical Review Letters 134 (2025).","chicago":"Redchenko, Elena, M. Zens, Martin Zemlicka, Matilda Peruzzo, Farid Hassani, Riya Sett, Przemyslaw D Zielinski, et al. “Observation of Collapse and Revival in a Superconducting Atomic Frequency Comb.” <i>Physical Review Letters</i>. American Physical Society, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.063601\">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.063601</a>.","apa":"Redchenko, E., Zens, M., Zemlicka, M., Peruzzo, M., Hassani, F., Sett, R., … Fink, J. M. (2025). Observation of collapse and revival in a superconducting atomic frequency comb. <i>Physical Review Letters</i>. American Physical Society. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.063601\">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.063601</a>","ieee":"E. Redchenko <i>et al.</i>, “Observation of collapse and revival in a superconducting atomic frequency comb,” <i>Physical Review Letters</i>, vol. 134, no. 6. American Physical Society, 2025.","ista":"Redchenko E, Zens M, Zemlicka M, Peruzzo M, Hassani F, Sett R, Zielinski PD, Dhar HS, Krimer DO, Rotter S, Fink JM. 2025. Observation of collapse and revival in a superconducting atomic frequency comb. Physical Review Letters. 134(6), 063601.","mla":"Redchenko, Elena, et al. “Observation of Collapse and Revival in a Superconducting Atomic Frequency Comb.” <i>Physical Review Letters</i>, vol. 134, no. 6, 063601, American Physical Society, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.063601\">10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.063601</a>."},"oa":1,"doi":"10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.063601","day":"14","oa_version":"Published Version","project":[{"_id":"bdb108fd-d553-11ed-ba76-83dc74a9864f","name":"QUANTUM INFORMATION SYSTEMS BEYOND CLASSICAL CAPABILITIES / P5- Integration of Superconducting Quantum Circuits","grant_number":"F07105"},{"call_identifier":"H2020","_id":"26336814-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"A Fiber Optic Transceiver for Superconducting Qubits","grant_number":"758053"},{"_id":"26B354CA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"Controllable Collective States of Superconducting Qubit Ensembles"}],"has_accepted_license":"1","scopus_import":"1","volume":134,"ec_funded":1,"type":"journal_article","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"pmid":1,"user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","corr_author":"1","title":"Observation of collapse and revival in a superconducting atomic frequency comb","ddc":["530"],"month":"02","_id":"19280","date_updated":"2026-05-30T22:31:23Z"},{"date_created":"2024-01-21T23:00:57Z","date_published":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","article_processing_charge":"Yes (in subscription journal)","status":"public","related_material":{"link":[{"description":"News on ISTA Website","relation":"press_release","url":"https://ista.ac.at/en/news/stranger-than-friction-a-force-initiating-life/"}]},"article_type":"original","external_id":{"isi":["001138880800005"],"pmid":["38370025"]},"file":[{"file_id":"17267","date_updated":"2024-07-16T12:12:43Z","file_size":9897883,"content_type":"application/pdf","success":1,"access_level":"open_access","creator":"dernst","date_created":"2024-07-16T12:12:43Z","file_name":"2024_NaturePhysics_CaballeroMancebo.pdf","checksum":"7891ebe7c900ae47469ab127031dd1ec","relation":"main_file"}],"page":"310-321","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Contraction and flow of the actin cell cortex have emerged as a common principle by which cells reorganize their cytoplasm and take shape. However, how these cortical flows interact with adjacent cytoplasmic components, changing their form and localization, and how this affects cytoplasmic organization and cell shape remains unclear. Here we show that in ascidian oocytes, the cooperative activities of cortical actomyosin flows and deformation of the adjacent mitochondria-rich myoplasm drive oocyte cytoplasmic reorganization and shape changes following fertilization. We show that vegetal-directed cortical actomyosin flows, established upon oocyte fertilization, lead to both the accumulation of cortical actin at the vegetal pole of the zygote and compression and local buckling of the adjacent elastic solid-like myoplasm layer due to friction forces generated at their interface. Once cortical flows have ceased, the multiple myoplasm buckles resolve into one larger buckle, which again drives the formation of the contraction pole—a protuberance of the zygote’s vegetal pole where maternal mRNAs accumulate. Thus, our findings reveal a mechanism where cortical actomyosin network flows determine cytoplasmic reorganization and cell shape by deforming adjacent cytoplasmic components through friction forces."}],"quality_controlled":"1","author":[{"last_name":"Caballero Mancebo","id":"2F1E1758-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Silvia","full_name":"Caballero Mancebo, Silvia","orcid":"0000-0002-5223-3346"},{"full_name":"Shinde, Rushikesh","first_name":"Rushikesh","last_name":"Shinde"},{"last_name":"Bolger-Munro","full_name":"Bolger-Munro, Madison","orcid":"0000-0002-8176-4824","id":"516F03FA-93A3-11EA-A7C5-D6BE3DDC885E","first_name":"Madison"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-3415-4628","full_name":"Peruzzo, Matilda","first_name":"Matilda","id":"3F920B30-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Peruzzo"},{"full_name":"Szep, Gregory","first_name":"Gregory","id":"4BFB7762-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Szep"},{"full_name":"Steccari, Irene","first_name":"Irene","id":"2705C766-9FE2-11EA-B224-C6773DDC885E","last_name":"Steccari"},{"last_name":"Labrousse Arias","first_name":"David","id":"CD573DF4-9ED3-11E9-9D77-3223E6697425","full_name":"Labrousse Arias, David"},{"id":"39C5A68A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Vanessa","full_name":"Zheden, Vanessa","orcid":"0000-0002-9438-4783","last_name":"Zheden"},{"id":"4515C308-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Jack","full_name":"Merrin, Jack","orcid":"0000-0001-5145-4609","last_name":"Merrin"},{"full_name":"Callan-Jones, Andrew","first_name":"Andrew","last_name":"Callan-Jones"},{"last_name":"Voituriez","full_name":"Voituriez, Raphaël","first_name":"Raphaël"},{"last_name":"Heisenberg","id":"39427864-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Carl-Philipp J","full_name":"Heisenberg, Carl-Philipp J","orcid":"0000-0002-0912-4566"}],"acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"EM-Fac"},{"_id":"Bio"},{"_id":"NanoFab"}],"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1745-2481"],"issn":["1745-2473"]},"year":"2024","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"isi":1,"publication":"Nature Physics","acknowledgement":"We would like to thank A. McDougall, E. Hannezo and the Heisenberg lab for fruitful discussions and reagents. We also thank E. Munro for the iMyo-YFP and Bra>iMyo-mScarlet constructs. This research was supported by the Scientific Service Units of the Institute of Science and Technology Austria through resources provided by the Electron Microscopy Facility, Imaging and Optics Facility and the Nanofabrication Facility. This work was supported by a Joint Project Grant from the FWF (I 3601-B27).","file_date_updated":"2024-07-16T12:12:43Z","publisher":"Springer Nature","citation":{"mla":"Caballero Mancebo, Silvia, et al. “Friction Forces Determine Cytoplasmic Reorganization and Shape Changes of Ascidian Oocytes upon Fertilization.” <i>Nature Physics</i>, vol. 20, Springer Nature, 2024, pp. 310–21, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-023-02302-1\">10.1038/s41567-023-02302-1</a>.","ieee":"S. Caballero Mancebo <i>et al.</i>, “Friction forces determine cytoplasmic reorganization and shape changes of ascidian oocytes upon fertilization,” <i>Nature Physics</i>, vol. 20. Springer Nature, pp. 310–321, 2024.","ista":"Caballero Mancebo S, Shinde R, Bolger-Munro M, Peruzzo M, Szep G, Steccari I, Labrousse Arias D, Zheden V, Merrin J, Callan-Jones A, Voituriez R, Heisenberg C-PJ. 2024. Friction forces determine cytoplasmic reorganization and shape changes of ascidian oocytes upon fertilization. Nature Physics. 20, 310–321.","apa":"Caballero Mancebo, S., Shinde, R., Bolger-Munro, M., Peruzzo, M., Szep, G., Steccari, I., … Heisenberg, C.-P. J. (2024). Friction forces determine cytoplasmic reorganization and shape changes of ascidian oocytes upon fertilization. <i>Nature Physics</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-023-02302-1\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-023-02302-1</a>","ama":"Caballero Mancebo S, Shinde R, Bolger-Munro M, et al. Friction forces determine cytoplasmic reorganization and shape changes of ascidian oocytes upon fertilization. <i>Nature Physics</i>. 2024;20:310-321. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-023-02302-1\">10.1038/s41567-023-02302-1</a>","short":"S. Caballero Mancebo, R. Shinde, M. Bolger-Munro, M. Peruzzo, G. Szep, I. Steccari, D. Labrousse Arias, V. Zheden, J. Merrin, A. Callan-Jones, R. Voituriez, C.-P.J. Heisenberg, Nature Physics 20 (2024) 310–321.","chicago":"Caballero Mancebo, Silvia, Rushikesh Shinde, Madison Bolger-Munro, Matilda Peruzzo, Gregory Szep, Irene Steccari, David Labrousse Arias, et al. “Friction Forces Determine Cytoplasmic Reorganization and Shape Changes of Ascidian Oocytes upon Fertilization.” <i>Nature Physics</i>. Springer Nature, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-023-02302-1\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-023-02302-1</a>."},"oa":1,"intvolume":"        20","department":[{"_id":"CaHe"},{"_id":"JoFi"},{"_id":"MiSi"},{"_id":"EM-Fac"},{"_id":"NanoFab"}],"publication_status":"published","project":[{"name":"Control of embryonic cleavage pattern","grant_number":"I03601","call_identifier":"FWF","_id":"2646861A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"}],"volume":20,"scopus_import":"1","has_accepted_license":"1","doi":"10.1038/s41567-023-02302-1","day":"01","oa_version":"Published Version","type":"journal_article","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","pmid":1,"month":"02","_id":"14846","date_updated":"2025-09-04T11:48:28Z","corr_author":"1","ddc":["530"],"title":"Friction forces determine cytoplasmic reorganization and shape changes of ascidian oocytes upon fertilization"},{"arxiv":1,"publication_status":"published","department":[{"_id":"JoFi"}],"intvolume":"        22","oa":1,"citation":{"chicago":"Schmidt, Philip, Remi Claessen, Gerard Higgins, Joachim Hofer, Jannek J. Hansen, Peter Asenbaum, Martin Zemlicka, et al. “Remote Sensing of a Levitated Superconductor with a Flux-Tunable Microwave Cavity.” <i>Physical Review Applied</i>. American Physical Society, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.22.014078\">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.22.014078</a>.","short":"P. Schmidt, R. Claessen, G. Higgins, J. Hofer, J.J. Hansen, P. Asenbaum, M. Zemlicka, K. Uhl, R. Kleiner, R. Gross, H. Huebl, M. Trupke, M. Aspelmeyer, Physical Review Applied 22 (2024).","ama":"Schmidt P, Claessen R, Higgins G, et al. Remote sensing of a levitated superconductor with a flux-tunable microwave cavity. <i>Physical Review Applied</i>. 2024;22. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.22.014078\">10.1103/PhysRevApplied.22.014078</a>","mla":"Schmidt, Philip, et al. “Remote Sensing of a Levitated Superconductor with a Flux-Tunable Microwave Cavity.” <i>Physical Review Applied</i>, vol. 22, 014078, American Physical Society, 2024, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.22.014078\">10.1103/PhysRevApplied.22.014078</a>.","ieee":"P. Schmidt <i>et al.</i>, “Remote sensing of a levitated superconductor with a flux-tunable microwave cavity,” <i>Physical Review Applied</i>, vol. 22. American Physical Society, 2024.","ista":"Schmidt P, Claessen R, Higgins G, Hofer J, Hansen JJ, Asenbaum P, Zemlicka M, Uhl K, Kleiner R, Gross R, Huebl H, Trupke M, Aspelmeyer M. 2024. Remote sensing of a levitated superconductor with a flux-tunable microwave cavity. Physical Review Applied. 22, 014078.","apa":"Schmidt, P., Claessen, R., Higgins, G., Hofer, J., Hansen, J. J., Asenbaum, P., … Aspelmeyer, M. (2024). Remote sensing of a levitated superconductor with a flux-tunable microwave cavity. <i>Physical Review Applied</i>. American Physical Society. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.22.014078\">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.22.014078</a>"},"publisher":"American Physical Society","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2401.08854"}],"oa_version":"Preprint","day":"30","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevApplied.22.014078","scopus_import":"1","volume":22,"user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","type":"journal_article","title":"Remote sensing of a levitated superconductor with a flux-tunable microwave cavity","date_updated":"2025-09-08T08:50:31Z","_id":"17410","month":"07","external_id":{"arxiv":["2401.08854"],"isi":["001284571700002"]},"article_type":"original","status":"public","article_processing_charge":"No","date_created":"2024-08-11T22:01:12Z","date_published":"2024-07-30T00:00:00Z","abstract":[{"text":"We present a cavity-electromechanical system comprising a superconducting quantum interference device which is embedded in a microwave resonator and coupled via a pickup loop to a 6-μ⁢g magnetically levitated superconducting sphere. The motion of the sphere in the magnetic trap induces a frequency shift in the SQUID-cavity system. We use microwave spectroscopy to characterize the system, and we demonstrate that the electromechanical interaction is tunable. The measured displacement sensitivity of 10−7m/√Hz defines a path towards ground-state cooling of levitated particles with Planck-scale masses at millikelvin environment temperatures.","lang":"eng"}],"article_number":"014078","author":[{"first_name":"Philip","full_name":"Schmidt, Philip","last_name":"Schmidt"},{"last_name":"Claessen","full_name":"Claessen, Remi","first_name":"Remi"},{"last_name":"Higgins","full_name":"Higgins, Gerard","first_name":"Gerard"},{"last_name":"Hofer","first_name":"Joachim","full_name":"Hofer, Joachim"},{"last_name":"Hansen","full_name":"Hansen, Jannek J.","first_name":"Jannek J."},{"full_name":"Asenbaum, Peter","first_name":"Peter","last_name":"Asenbaum"},{"last_name":"Zemlicka","full_name":"Zemlicka, Martin","id":"2DCF8DE6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Martin"},{"full_name":"Uhl, Kevin","first_name":"Kevin","last_name":"Uhl"},{"first_name":"Reinhold","full_name":"Kleiner, Reinhold","last_name":"Kleiner"},{"last_name":"Gross","first_name":"Rudolf","full_name":"Gross, Rudolf"},{"full_name":"Huebl, Hans","first_name":"Hans","last_name":"Huebl"},{"first_name":"Michael","full_name":"Trupke, Michael","last_name":"Trupke"},{"last_name":"Aspelmeyer","full_name":"Aspelmeyer, Markus","first_name":"Markus"}],"quality_controlled":"1","acknowledgement":"We gratefully acknowledge valuable discussions with Uros Delic, Lorenzo Magrini, and Corentin Gut. This work was supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Grant No. 863132 (iQLev) and No. 101080143 (SuperMeQ), the European Research Council under Grant No. 951234 (ERC Synergy QXtreme), the Austrian and Bavarian Academy of Sciences (Topical Team SGQ), the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation through a Feodor Lynen Fellowship (P.S.), the Swedish Research Council under Grant No. 2020-00381 (G.H.), and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) via Germany’s Excellence Strategy EXC-2111-390814868 (H.H., R.G.).","year":"2024","isi":1,"publication":"Physical Review Applied","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2331-7019"]}},{"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Trapped-ion systems are a leading platform for quantum information processing, but they are currently limited to 1D and 2D arrays, which imposes restrictions on both their scalability and their range of applications. Here, we propose a path to overcome this limitation by demonstrating that Penning traps can be used to realize remarkably clean bilayer crystals, wherein hundreds of ions self-organize into two well-defined layers. These bilayer crystals are made possible by the inclusion of an anharmonic trapping potential, which is readily implementable with current technology. We study the normal modes of this system and discover salient differences compared to the modes of single-plane crystals. The bilayer geometry and the unique properties of the normal modes open new opportunities—in particular, in quantum sensing and quantum simulation—that are not straightforward in single-plane crystals. Furthermore, we illustrate that it may be possible to extend the ideas presented here to realize multilayer crystals with more than two layers. Our work increases the dimensionality of trapped-ion systems by efficiently utilizing all three spatial dimensions, and it lays the foundation for a new generation of quantum information processing experiments with multilayer 3D crystals of trapped ions."}],"file":[{"relation":"main_file","checksum":"5d39b7dda67fd7b9a960235f6f38e280","file_name":"2024_PhysRevX_Hawaldar.pdf","date_created":"2024-09-06T09:43:53Z","creator":"cchlebak","access_level":"open_access","success":1,"content_type":"application/pdf","file_size":3909653,"date_updated":"2024-09-06T09:43:53Z","file_id":"17757"}],"status":"public","DOAJ_listed":"1","date_published":"2024-08-16T00:00:00Z","date_created":"2024-09-01T22:01:08Z","article_processing_charge":"Yes","article_type":"original","external_id":{"arxiv":["2312.10681"],"isi":["001293977800002"]},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"isi":1,"year":"2024","publication":"Physical Review X","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2160-3308"]},"file_date_updated":"2024-09-06T09:43:53Z","acknowledgement":"We thank M. Miskeen Khan, Jennifer Lilieholm, and Wes Johnson for a careful reading and feedback on the manuscript. We acknowledge discussions with Dan Dubin, John Zaris, and Scott Parker. S. H. acknowledges the support of Kishore Vaigyanik Protsahan Yojana, Department of Science and Technology, Government of India. A. S. acknowledges the support of a C. V. Raman post-doctoral fellowship. A. L. C., A. M. R., and J. J. B. acknowledge funding from the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, NQI Science Research Centers, Quantum Systems Accelerator (QSA), a collaboration between the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science and other agencies. A. M. R. acknowledges additional support from VBFF, ARO Grant No. W911NF-24-1-0128, by the NSF Grants No. JILA-PFC PHY-2317149 and No. QLCI-OMA-2016244, and by NIST. J. J. B. acknowledges additional support from the DARPA ONISQ program and AFOSR Grant No. FA9550-201-0019.","issue":"3","author":[{"orcid":"0000-0002-1965-4309","full_name":"Hawaldar, Samarth","first_name":"Samarth","id":"221708e1-1ff6-11ee-9fa6-85146607433e","last_name":"Hawaldar"},{"last_name":"Shahi","first_name":"Prakriti","full_name":"Shahi, Prakriti"},{"last_name":"Carter","first_name":"Allison L.","full_name":"Carter, Allison L."},{"last_name":"Rey","full_name":"Rey, Ana Maria","first_name":"Ana Maria"},{"first_name":"John J.","full_name":"Bollinger, John J.","last_name":"Bollinger"},{"full_name":"Shankar, Athreya","first_name":"Athreya","last_name":"Shankar"}],"article_number":"031030","quality_controlled":"1","volume":14,"has_accepted_license":"1","scopus_import":"1","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevX.14.031030","oa_version":"Published Version","day":"16","citation":{"ista":"Hawaldar S, Shahi P, Carter AL, Rey AM, Bollinger JJ, Shankar A. 2024. Bilayer crystals of trapped ions for quantum information processing. Physical Review X. 14(3), 031030.","apa":"Hawaldar, S., Shahi, P., Carter, A. L., Rey, A. M., Bollinger, J. J., &#38; Shankar, A. (2024). Bilayer crystals of trapped ions for quantum information processing. <i>Physical Review X</i>. American Physical Society. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.14.031030\">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.14.031030</a>","ieee":"S. Hawaldar, P. Shahi, A. L. Carter, A. M. Rey, J. J. Bollinger, and A. Shankar, “Bilayer crystals of trapped ions for quantum information processing,” <i>Physical Review X</i>, vol. 14, no. 3. American Physical Society, 2024.","mla":"Hawaldar, Samarth, et al. “Bilayer Crystals of Trapped Ions for Quantum Information Processing.” <i>Physical Review X</i>, vol. 14, no. 3, 031030, American Physical Society, 2024, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.14.031030\">10.1103/PhysRevX.14.031030</a>.","short":"S. Hawaldar, P. Shahi, A.L. Carter, A.M. Rey, J.J. Bollinger, A. Shankar, Physical Review X 14 (2024).","ama":"Hawaldar S, Shahi P, Carter AL, Rey AM, Bollinger JJ, Shankar A. Bilayer crystals of trapped ions for quantum information processing. <i>Physical Review X</i>. 2024;14(3). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.14.031030\">10.1103/PhysRevX.14.031030</a>","chicago":"Hawaldar, Samarth, Prakriti Shahi, Allison L. Carter, Ana Maria Rey, John J. Bollinger, and Athreya Shankar. “Bilayer Crystals of Trapped Ions for Quantum Information Processing.” <i>Physical Review X</i>. American Physical Society, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.14.031030\">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.14.031030</a>."},"oa":1,"publisher":"American Physical Society","department":[{"_id":"JoFi"}],"publication_status":"published","arxiv":1,"intvolume":"        14","_id":"17477","date_updated":"2025-09-08T09:07:29Z","month":"08","title":"Bilayer crystals of trapped ions for quantum information processing","ddc":["530"],"corr_author":"1","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"type":"journal_article"},{"department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"JoFi"}],"publication_status":"published","keyword":["Quantum information","Qubits","Superconducting devices"],"citation":{"mla":"Hassani, Farid. <i>Superconducting Qubits Capable of Dynamic Switching between Protected and High-Speed Control Regimes</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:17133\">10.15479/at:ista:17133</a>.","ista":"Hassani F. 2024. Superconducting qubits capable of dynamic switching between protected and high-speed control regimes. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","ieee":"F. Hassani, “Superconducting qubits capable of dynamic switching between protected and high-speed control regimes,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024.","apa":"Hassani, F. (2024). <i>Superconducting qubits capable of dynamic switching between protected and high-speed control regimes</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:17133\">https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:17133</a>","short":"F. Hassani, Superconducting Qubits Capable of Dynamic Switching between Protected and High-Speed Control Regimes, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024.","ama":"Hassani F. Superconducting qubits capable of dynamic switching between protected and high-speed control regimes. 2024. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:17133\">10.15479/at:ista:17133</a>","chicago":"Hassani, Farid. “Superconducting Qubits Capable of Dynamic Switching between Protected and High-Speed Control Regimes.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:17133\">https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:17133</a>."},"oa":1,"publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","doi":"10.15479/at:ista:17133","oa_version":"Published Version","day":"11","has_accepted_license":"1","project":[{"_id":"9B861AAC-BA93-11EA-9121-9846C619BF3A","name":"NOMIS Fellowship Program"},{"name":"QUANTUM INFORMATION SYSTEMS BEYOND CLASSICAL CAPABILITIES / P5- Integration of Superconducting Quantum Circuits","grant_number":"F07105","_id":"bdb108fd-d553-11ed-ba76-83dc74a9864f"}],"tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY-NC-SA (4.0)","name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by_nc_sa.png"},"user_id":"ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd","type":"dissertation","title":"Superconducting qubits capable of dynamic switching between protected and high-speed control regimes","ddc":["530"],"corr_author":"1","alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"_id":"17133","date_updated":"2026-04-15T06:43:02Z","month":"06","related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"part_of_dissertation","id":"13227","status":"public"},{"status":"public","id":"9928","relation":"part_of_dissertation"},{"status":"public","id":"8755","relation":"part_of_dissertation"}]},"OA_place":"publisher","status":"public","date_created":"2024-06-11T18:20:05Z","date_published":"2024-06-11T00:00:00Z","article_processing_charge":"No","degree_awarded":"PhD","page":"161","abstract":[{"text":"An ideal quantum computer relies on qubits capable of performing fast gate operations and\r\nmaintaining strong interconnections while preserving their quantum coherence. Since the\r\ninception of experimental eforts toward building a quantum computer, the community has\r\nfaced challenges in engineering such a system. Among the various methods of implementing a\r\nquantum computer, superconducting qubits have shown fast gates close to tens of nanoseconds,\r\nwith the state-of-the-art reaching a coherence of a few milliseconds. However, achieving\r\nsimultaneously long lifetimes with fast qubit operations poses an inherent paradox. Qubits\r\nwith high coherence require isolation from the environment, while fast operation necessitates\r\nstrong coupling of the qubit. This thesis approaches this issue by proposing the idea of\r\nengineering superconducting qubits capable of transitioning between operating in a protected\r\nregime, where the qubit is completely isolated from the environment, and coupling to the\r\ncommunication channels as needed. In this direction, we use the geometric superinductor to\r\nscan the parameter space of rf-SQUID devices, searching for a regime where we can take the\r\nqubit protection to its extreme.\r\n\r\nThis leads us to the inductively shunted transmon (IST) regime, characterized by EJ /EC ≫ 1\r\nand EJ /EL ≫ 1, where the circuit potential exhibits a double well with a large barrier\r\nseparating the local ground states of each quantum well. In this regime, although it is\r\nanticipated that the two quantum wells would be isolated from each other, we observe single\r\nfuxon tunneling between them. The interplay of the cavity photons and the fuxon transition\r\nforms a rich physical system, containing resonance conditions that allow the preparation of the\r\nfuxon ground or excited states. This enables us to study the relaxation rate of such transition\r\nand show that it can be as large as 3.6 hours. Dynamically controlling the barrier height\r\nbetween the two quantum wells allows for controllable coupling, which scales exponentially,\r\nfor a qubit encoded in two fuxon states.\r\nThe 0-π qubit is one of the very few known superconducting circuit types that ofers exponential\r\nprotection from both relaxation and dephasing simultaneously. However, this qubit is not\r\nexempt from the fact that such protection comes at the expense of complex readout and\r\ncontrol. In this thesis, we propose a way to controllably break the circuit symmetry, the\r\nkey reason for the protection, to momentarily restore the ability to control and manipulate\r\nthe qubit. An asymmetry in capacitances and inductances in the 0-π circuit is detrimental\r\nsince they lead to coupling of the protected state to the thermally occupied parasitic mode\r\nof the circuit. However, here we try to exploit a controlled asymmetry in Josephson energies\r\nand show that this can be used as a tunable coupler between the protected states. In the\r\nfuture, this should allow to perform gate operations by dynamically controlling the asymmetry\r\ninstead of driving the protected transition with microwave pulses. Therefore, we believe that\r\nthe proposed method can make the use of protected qubits more practical in experimental\r\nrealizations of quantum computing.","lang":"eng"}],"file":[{"relation":"main_file","date_created":"2024-06-12T07:53:19Z","file_name":"Thesis_main_final.pdf","checksum":"258c353d47fa37ea63ea43b1e10a34a0","content_type":"application/pdf","creator":"fhassani","access_level":"open_access","file_id":"17137","date_updated":"2024-06-20T11:52:22Z","file_size":28370759},{"access_level":"closed","creator":"fhassani","content_type":"text/x-tex","date_updated":"2024-06-12T07:54:27Z","file_size":445735,"file_id":"17138","relation":"source_file","checksum":"deffa5d0db88093f74812fa71520d5e1","file_name":"Thesis_main.tex","date_created":"2024-06-12T07:54:27Z"}],"acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"NanoFab"},{"_id":"M-Shop"}],"author":[{"last_name":"Hassani","orcid":"0000-0001-6937-5773","full_name":"Hassani, Farid","id":"2AED110C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Farid"}],"file_date_updated":"2024-06-20T11:52:22Z","year":"2024","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication_identifier":{"isbn":["978-3-99078-040-4"],"issn":["2663-337X"]},"supervisor":[{"last_name":"Fink","full_name":"Fink, Johannes M","orcid":"0000-0001-8112-028X","first_name":"Johannes M","id":"4B591CBA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}]},{"OA_type":"gold","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Gate-tunable transmons (gatemons) employing semiconductor Josephson junctions have recently emerged as building blocks for hybrid quantum circuits. In this study, we present a gatemon fabricated in planar Germanium. We induce superconductivity in a two-dimensional hole gas by evaporating aluminum atop a thin spacer, which separates the superconductor from the Ge quantum well. The Josephson junction is then integrated into an Xmon circuit and capacitively coupled to a transmission line resonator. We showcase the qubit tunability in a broad frequency range with resonator and two-tone spectroscopy. Time-domain characterizations reveal energy relaxation and coherence times up to 75 ns. Our results, combined with the recent advances in the spin qubit field, pave the way towards novel hybrid and protected qubits in a group IV, CMOS-compatible material."}],"file":[{"file_name":"2024_NatureComm_Sagi.pdf","checksum":"ddf5361dcb6c543e2cea818501c09910","date_created":"2024-08-05T08:38:01Z","relation":"main_file","file_size":1928001,"date_updated":"2024-08-05T08:38:01Z","file_id":"17388","access_level":"open_access","creator":"dernst","success":1,"content_type":"application/pdf"}],"article_type":"original","external_id":{"arxiv":["2403.16774"],"isi":["001281271000022"],"pmid":["39080279"]},"related_material":{"link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-53910-1","relation":"erratum"}],"record":[{"id":"17196","status":"public","relation":"research_data"},{"status":"public","id":"18076","relation":"dissertation_contains"}]},"status":"public","OA_place":"publisher","DOAJ_listed":"1","date_published":"2024-07-30T00:00:00Z","date_created":"2024-07-04T11:40:45Z","article_processing_charge":"Yes","acknowledgement":"We acknowledge Lucas Casparis, Jeroen Danon, Valla Fatemi, Morten Kjaergard and Javad Shabani for their valuable insights and comments. This research was supported by the Scientific Service Units of ISTA through resources provided by the MIBA Machine Shop\r\nand the Nanofabrication facility. This research and related results were made possible with the support of the NOMIS Foundation and the FWF Projects with DOI:10.55776/I5060 and DOI:10.55776/P36507. We also acknowledge the NextGenerationEU PRIN project\r\n2022A8CJP3 (GAMESQUAD) for partial financial support.","file_date_updated":"2024-08-05T08:38:01Z","year":"2024","isi":1,"publication":"Nature Communications","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2041-1723"]},"acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"ScienComp"},{"_id":"M-Shop"},{"_id":"NanoFab"}],"author":[{"last_name":"Sagi","full_name":"Sagi, Oliver","id":"71616374-A8E9-11E9-A7CA-09ECE5697425","first_name":"Oliver"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-2968-611X","full_name":"Crippa, Alessandro","id":"1F2B21A2-F6E7-11E9-9B82-F7DBE5697425","first_name":"Alessandro","last_name":"Crippa"},{"first_name":"Marco","id":"C0BB2FAC-D767-11E9-B658-BC13E6697425","full_name":"Valentini, Marco","last_name":"Valentini"},{"orcid":"0009-0003-9037-8831","full_name":"Janik, Marian","id":"396A1950-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Marian","last_name":"Janik"},{"full_name":"Baghumyan, Levon","id":"7aa1f788-b527-11ee-aa9e-e6111a79e0c7","first_name":"Levon","last_name":"Baghumyan"},{"last_name":"Fabris","id":"298cf6f3-1ff6-11ee-9fa6-d94cfa0b3352","first_name":"Giorgio","full_name":"Fabris, Giorgio"},{"id":"84b9700b-15b2-11ec-abd3-831089e67615","first_name":"Lucky","orcid":"0000-0001-8319-2148","full_name":"Kapoor, Lucky","last_name":"Kapoor"},{"full_name":"Hassani, Farid","orcid":"0000-0001-6937-5773","id":"2AED110C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Farid","last_name":"Hassani"},{"last_name":"Fink","id":"4B591CBA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Johannes M","orcid":"0000-0001-8112-028X","full_name":"Fink, Johannes M"},{"full_name":"Calcaterra, Stefano","first_name":"Stefano","last_name":"Calcaterra"},{"first_name":"Daniel","full_name":"Chrastina, Daniel","last_name":"Chrastina"},{"last_name":"Isella","full_name":"Isella, Giovanni","first_name":"Giovanni"},{"last_name":"Katsaros","id":"38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Georgios","full_name":"Katsaros, Georgios","orcid":"0000-0001-8342-202X"}],"article_number":"6400","quality_controlled":"1","doi":"10.1038/s41467-024-50763-6","day":"30","oa_version":"Published Version","scopus_import":"1","has_accepted_license":"1","volume":15,"project":[{"_id":"bd8bd29e-d553-11ed-ba76-f0070d4b237a","grant_number":"P36507","name":"Merging spin and superconducting qubits in planar Ge"},{"_id":"c0977eea-5a5b-11eb-8a69-a862db0cf4d1","name":"High impedance circuit quantum electrodynamics with hole spins","grant_number":"I05060"},{"name":"Hybrid Semiconductor - Superconductor Quantum Devices","_id":"262116AA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"},{"name":"FWF Open Access Fund","call_identifier":"FWF","_id":"3AC91DDA-15DF-11EA-824D-93A3E7B544D1"}],"department":[{"_id":"GeKa"},{"_id":"JoFi"},{"_id":"GradSch"}],"publication_status":"published","arxiv":1,"intvolume":"        15","citation":{"mla":"Sagi, Oliver, et al. “A Gate Tunable Transmon Qubit in Planar Ge.” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 15, 6400, Springer Nature, 2024, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-50763-6\">10.1038/s41467-024-50763-6</a>.","apa":"Sagi, O., Crippa, A., Valentini, M., Janik, M., Baghumyan, L., Fabris, G., … Katsaros, G. (2024). A gate tunable transmon qubit in planar Ge. <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-50763-6\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-50763-6</a>","ieee":"O. Sagi <i>et al.</i>, “A gate tunable transmon qubit in planar Ge,” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 15. Springer Nature, 2024.","ista":"Sagi O, Crippa A, Valentini M, Janik M, Baghumyan L, Fabris G, Kapoor L, Hassani F, Fink JM, Calcaterra S, Chrastina D, Isella G, Katsaros G. 2024. A gate tunable transmon qubit in planar Ge. Nature Communications. 15, 6400.","chicago":"Sagi, Oliver, Alessandro Crippa, Marco Valentini, Marian Janik, Levon Baghumyan, Giorgio Fabris, Lucky Kapoor, et al. “A Gate Tunable Transmon Qubit in Planar Ge.” <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-50763-6\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-50763-6</a>.","ama":"Sagi O, Crippa A, Valentini M, et al. A gate tunable transmon qubit in planar Ge. <i>Nature Communications</i>. 2024;15. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-50763-6\">10.1038/s41467-024-50763-6</a>","short":"O. Sagi, A. Crippa, M. Valentini, M. Janik, L. Baghumyan, G. Fabris, L. Kapoor, F. Hassani, J.M. Fink, S. Calcaterra, D. Chrastina, G. Isella, G. Katsaros, Nature Communications 15 (2024)."},"oa":1,"publisher":"Springer Nature","title":"A gate tunable transmon qubit in planar Ge","APC_amount":"6828 EUR","ddc":["530"],"corr_author":"1","_id":"17202","date_updated":"2026-04-07T13:01:55Z","month":"07","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"pmid":1,"user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","type":"journal_article"}]