---
OA_place: repository
OA_type: green
_id: '20864'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Studies of the distant Universe are providing key insights into our understanding
of the formation of galaxies. The advent of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)
has significantly enhanced our observational capabilities, leading to an expanded
redshift frontier, providing unprecedented detail in the characterisation of early
galaxies and enabling the discovery of new populations of accreting black holes.
This review aims to provide an introduction to the basic processes and components
that shape the observed spectra of galaxies, with a focus on their relevance to
techniques with which high-redshift galaxies are selected. The review further
introduces specific topics that have attracted significant attention in recent
literature, including the discovery of highly efficient galaxy formation in the
early Universe, the relation between galaxies and the process of reionization,
new insights into the formation of the first stars and the enrichment of interstellar
gas with heavy elements, and breakthroughs in our understanding of the origins
of supermassive black holes.
acknowledgement: I thank Claudia Di Cesare, Edoardo Iani, Gauri Kotiwale and Wendy
Sun for proofreading, Daichi Kashino, Gauri Kotiwale, Sara Mascia, Benjamín Navarette
and Joris Witstok for their assistance in preparing some of the Figures, and Richard
Ellis and Stephen Blundell for constructive comments. Funded by the European Union
(ERC, AGENTS, 101076224).
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
citation:
ama: 'Matthee JJ. JWST provides a new view of cosmic dawn: Latest developments in
studies of early galaxies. Contemporary Physics. 2025;66(1-4):116-151.
doi:10.1080/00107514.2025.2586370'
apa: 'Matthee, J. J. (2025). JWST provides a new view of cosmic dawn: Latest developments
in studies of early galaxies. Contemporary Physics. Taylor & Francis.
https://doi.org/10.1080/00107514.2025.2586370'
chicago: 'Matthee, Jorryt J. “JWST Provides a New View of Cosmic Dawn: Latest Developments
in Studies of Early Galaxies.” Contemporary Physics. Taylor & Francis,
2025. https://doi.org/10.1080/00107514.2025.2586370.'
ieee: 'J. J. Matthee, “JWST provides a new view of cosmic dawn: Latest developments
in studies of early galaxies,” Contemporary Physics, vol. 66, no. 1–4.
Taylor & Francis, pp. 116–151, 2025.'
ista: 'Matthee JJ. 2025. JWST provides a new view of cosmic dawn: Latest developments
in studies of early galaxies. Contemporary Physics. 66(1–4), 116–151.'
mla: 'Matthee, Jorryt J. “JWST Provides a New View of Cosmic Dawn: Latest Developments
in Studies of Early Galaxies.” Contemporary Physics, vol. 66, no. 1–4,
Taylor & Francis, 2025, pp. 116–51, doi:10.1080/00107514.2025.2586370.'
short: J.J. Matthee, Contemporary Physics 66 (2025) 116–151.
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2025-12-29T12:05:25Z
date_published: 2025-12-04T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-04-07T08:44:00Z
day: '04'
department:
- _id: JoMa
doi: 10.1080/00107514.2025.2586370
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2511.04843'
intvolume: ' 66'
issue: 1-4
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2511.04843
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 116-151
project:
- _id: bd9b2118-d553-11ed-ba76-db24564edfea
grant_number: '101076224'
name: Young galaxies as tracers and agents of cosmic reionization
publication: Contemporary Physics
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1366-5812
issn:
- 0010-7514
publication_status: published
publisher: Taylor & Francis
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'JWST provides a new view of cosmic dawn: Latest developments in studies of
early galaxies'
type: journal_article
user_id: ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd
volume: 66
year: '2025'
...
---
DOAJ_listed: '1'
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
PlanS_conform: '1'
_id: '21727'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: We present a comprehensive analysis of the MIRI Extremely Red Object Virgil,
a Lyα emitter at zspec = 6.6379 ± 0.0035 with the photometric properties of a
Little Red Dot. Leveraging new JWST/MIRI imaging from the MIDIS and PAHSPECS programs,
we confirm Virgil’s extraordinary nature among galaxies in JADES/GOODS-South,
exhibiting a strikingly red NIRCam-to-MIRI color (F444W–F1500W = 2.84 ± 0.04 mag).
Deep NIRSpec/PRISM spectroscopy from the OASIS program offers key insights into
the host galaxy, revealing properties of an average star-forming galaxy during
Cosmic Reionization, such as a subsolar metallicity, low-to-moderate dust content,
and a relatively high ionization parameter and electron temperature. By estimating
the star formation rate of Virgil from UV and Hα, we find evidence that the galaxy
is either entering or fading out of a bursty episode. Although line-ratio diagnostics
employed at high z would classify Virgil as an active galactic nucleus (AGN),
this classification becomes ambiguous once redshift evolution is considered. Nonetheless,
Virgil occupies the same parameter space as recently confirmed AGNs at similar
redshifts. The new deep MIRI data at 15 μm reinforce the AGN nature of Virgil,
as inferred from multiple spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting codes. Virgil’s
rising infrared SED and UV excess resemble those of Dust-Obscured Galaxies (DOGs)
studied with Spitzer at Cosmic Noon, particularly blue-excess HotDOGs. Our results
highlight the need for a multiwavelength approach incorporating MIRI to uncover
such extreme sources at z ≳ 6 and to shed light on the interplay between galaxy
evolution and early black hole growth during Cosmic Reionization.
acknowledgement: "The authors are deeply grateful to Antonello Calabrò for valuable
insights on CLOUDY and pyCloudy, and for publicly sharing their SFG and AGN models,
which were used as a reference to verify the consistency of our photoionization
models. The authors also thank Adam Carnall for insightful input on bagpipes and
for assistance with the implementation of the two-population model adopted in this
work. Finally, they also thank Camilla Pacifici, Vasily Kokorev, and Cristian Vignali
for their insightful discussions.\r\n\r\nThis work is based on observations made
with the NASA/ESA/CSA JWST. The data were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for
Space Telescopes (MAST) at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated
by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract
NAS 5-03127 for JWST. These observations are associated with JWST programs GTO #1180,
GO #1210, GTO#1283, GO #1963, GO #1895, GO# 3215, and GO#6511.\r\n\r\nThe authors
acknowledge the FRESCO, JEMS, and #3215 teams led by co-PIs P. Oesch, C. C. Williams,
M. Maseda, D. Eisenstein, and R. Maiolino for developing their observing program
with a zero-exclusive-access period. Processing for the JADES NIRCam data release
was performed on the lux cluster at the University of California, Santa Cruz, funded
by NSF MRI grant AST 1828315. Also based on observations made with the NASA/ESA
Hubble Space Telescope obtained from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which
is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc.,
under NASA contract NAS 526555. The data presented in this article were obtained
from MAST at the Space Telescope Science Institute. The specific observations analyzed
can be accessed via doi: 10.17909/1rq3-8048 P. Oesch & D. Magee (2023), C. Williams
et al. (2023), G. Illingworth (2015), and M. Rieke et al. (2023).\r\n\r\nA.J.B.
acknowledges funding from the “FirstGalaxies” Advanced Grant from the European Research
Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program
(grant agreement No. 789056).\r\n\r\nP.G.P.-G. acknowledges support from grant PID2022-139567NB-I00
funded by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033,
FEDER, UE.\r\n\r\nB.E.R. acknowledges support from the NIRCam Science Team contract
to the University of Arizona, NAS5-02015, and JWST Program 3215.\r\n\r\nS.T. acknowledges
support by the Royal Society Research Grant G125142.\r\n\r\nThe research of C.C.W.
is supported by NOIRLab, which is managed by the Association of Universities for
Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science
Foundation.\r\n\r\nJ.W. gratefully acknowledges support from the Cosmic Dawn Center
through the DAWN Fellowship. The Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN) is funded by the Danish
National Research Foundation under grant No. 140.\r\n\r\nY.Z., Z.J., and P.L. gratefully
acknowledge the JWST/NIRCam contract to the University of Arizona NAS5-02015.\r\n\r\nThe
work of G.H.R. and P.L. was also supported by grant 80NSSC18K0555, from the NASA
Goddard Space Flight Center to the University of Arizona.\r\n\r\nH.Ü. acknowledges
funding by the European Union (ERC APEX, 101164796). Views and opinions expressed
are however those of the authors only and do not necessarily reflect those of the
European Union or the European Research Council Executive Agency. Neither the European
Union nor the granting authority can be held responsible for them.\r\n\r\nG.C.J.
acknowledges support by the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), ERC
Advanced grant 695671 “QUENCH.”\r\n\r\nA.C.G. acknowledges support by JWST contract
B0215/JWST-GO-02926.\r\n\r\nG.O. acknowledges support from the Swedish National
Space Agency (SNSA).\r\n\r\nH.I. acknowledges support from JSPS KAKENHI grant No.
JP21H01129.\r\n\r\nM.A. gratefully acknowledges support from ANID Basal Project
FB210003 and ANID MILENIO NCN2024_112.\r\n\r\nT.D.S. acknowledges the research project
was supported by the Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (HFRI) under
the “2nd Call for HFRI Research Projects to Support Faculty Members and Researchers”
(project No.: 03382).\r\n\r\nR.M. acknowledges support by the Science and Technology
Facilities Council (STFC), by the ERC through Advanced grant 695671 “QUENCH,” and
by the UKRI Frontier Research grant RISEandFALL. R.M. also acknowledges funding
from a research professorship from the Royal Society.\r\n\r\nI.S. acknowledges funding
from the Atraccíon de Talento grant No. 2022-T1/TIC-20472 of the Comunidad de Madrid,
Spain, and the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon
2020 research and innovation program (grant No. 101117541, DistantDust).\r\n\r\nK.I.C.
acknowledges funding from the Dutch Research Council (NWO) through the award of
the Vici grant VI.C.212.036.\r\n\r\nFacilities: HST - Hubble Space Telescope satellite,
JWST. -\r\n\r\nSoftware: Astropy (Astropy Collaboration et al. 2022), Bagpipes (A.
C. Carnall et al. 2019), MSAEXP (G. Brammer 2023) NumPy (C. R. Harris et al. 2020),
pandas (The pandas development team 2024) Photutils (L. Bradley et al. 2016), TOPCAT
(M. Taylor 2022)."
article_number: '86'
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Pierluigi
full_name: Rinaldi, Pierluigi
last_name: Rinaldi
- first_name: Pablo G.
full_name: Pérez-González, Pablo G.
last_name: Pérez-González
- first_name: George H.
full_name: Rieke, George H.
last_name: Rieke
- first_name: Jianwei
full_name: Lyu, Jianwei
last_name: Lyu
- first_name: Francesco
full_name: D’Eugenio, Francesco
last_name: D’Eugenio
- first_name: Zihao
full_name: Wu, Zihao
last_name: Wu
- first_name: Stefano
full_name: Carniani, Stefano
last_name: Carniani
- first_name: Tobias J.
full_name: Looser, Tobias J.
last_name: Looser
- first_name: Irene
full_name: Shivaei, Irene
last_name: Shivaei
- first_name: Leindert A.
full_name: Boogaard, Leindert A.
last_name: Boogaard
- first_name: Tanio
full_name: Diaz-Santos, Tanio
last_name: Diaz-Santos
- first_name: Luis
full_name: Colina, Luis
last_name: Colina
- first_name: Göran
full_name: Östlin, Göran
last_name: Östlin
- first_name: Stacey
full_name: Alberts, Stacey
last_name: Alberts
- first_name: Javier
full_name: Álvarez-Márquez, Javier
last_name: Álvarez-Márquez
- first_name: Marianna
full_name: Annuziatella, Marianna
last_name: Annuziatella
- first_name: Manuel
full_name: Aravena, Manuel
last_name: Aravena
- first_name: Rachana
full_name: Bhatawdekar, Rachana
last_name: Bhatawdekar
- first_name: Andrew J.
full_name: Bunker, Andrew J.
last_name: Bunker
- first_name: Karina I.
full_name: Caputi, Karina I.
last_name: Caputi
- first_name: Stéphane
full_name: Charlot, Stéphane
last_name: Charlot
- first_name: Alejandro
full_name: Crespo Gómez, Alejandro
last_name: Crespo Gómez
- first_name: Mirko
full_name: Curti, Mirko
last_name: Curti
- first_name: Andreas
full_name: Eckart, Andreas
last_name: Eckart
- first_name: Steven
full_name: Gillman, Steven
last_name: Gillman
- first_name: Kevin
full_name: Hainline, Kevin
last_name: Hainline
- first_name: Nimisha
full_name: Kumari, Nimisha
last_name: Kumari
- first_name: Jens
full_name: Hjorth, Jens
last_name: Hjorth
- first_name: Edoardo
full_name: Iani, Edoardo
id: 4053390a-6b68-11ef-9828-a3b8adef8d0a
last_name: Iani
orcid: 0000-0001-8386-3546
- first_name: Hanae
full_name: Inami, Hanae
last_name: Inami
- first_name: Zhiyuan
full_name: Ji, Zhiyuan
last_name: Ji
- first_name: Benjamin D.
full_name: Johnson, Benjamin D.
last_name: Johnson
- first_name: Gareth C.
full_name: Jones, Gareth C.
last_name: Jones
- first_name: Álvaro
full_name: Labiano, Álvaro
last_name: Labiano
- first_name: Roberto
full_name: Maiolino, Roberto
last_name: Maiolino
- first_name: Jens
full_name: Melinder, Jens
last_name: Melinder
- first_name: Thibaud
full_name: Moutard, Thibaud
last_name: Moutard
- first_name: Florian
full_name: Peissker, Florian
last_name: Peissker
- first_name: Marcia
full_name: Rieke, Marcia
last_name: Rieke
- first_name: Brant
full_name: Robertson, Brant
last_name: Robertson
- first_name: Jan
full_name: Scholtz, Jan
last_name: Scholtz
- first_name: Sandro
full_name: Tacchella, Sandro
last_name: Tacchella
- first_name: Paul P.
full_name: Van Der Werf, Paul P.
last_name: Van Der Werf
- first_name: Fabian
full_name: Walter, Fabian
last_name: Walter
- first_name: Christina C.
full_name: Williams, Christina C.
last_name: Williams
- first_name: Chris
full_name: Willott, Chris
last_name: Willott
- first_name: Joris
full_name: Witstok, Joris
last_name: Witstok
- first_name: Hannah
full_name: Übler, Hannah
last_name: Übler
- first_name: Yongda
full_name: Zhu, Yongda
last_name: Zhu
citation:
ama: 'Rinaldi P, Pérez-González PG, Rieke GH, et al. Deciphering the nature of Virgil:
An obscured active galactic nucleus lurking within an apparently normal Lyα emitter
during cosmic reionization. The Astrophysical Journal. 2025;994(1). doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ae089c'
apa: 'Rinaldi, P., Pérez-González, P. G., Rieke, G. H., Lyu, J., D’Eugenio, F.,
Wu, Z., … Zhu, Y. (2025). Deciphering the nature of Virgil: An obscured active
galactic nucleus lurking within an apparently normal Lyα emitter during cosmic
reionization. The Astrophysical Journal. IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae089c'
chicago: 'Rinaldi, Pierluigi, Pablo G. Pérez-González, George H. Rieke, Jianwei
Lyu, Francesco D’Eugenio, Zihao Wu, Stefano Carniani, et al. “Deciphering the
Nature of Virgil: An Obscured Active Galactic Nucleus Lurking within an Apparently
Normal Lyα Emitter during Cosmic Reionization.” The Astrophysical Journal.
IOP Publishing, 2025. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae089c.'
ieee: 'P. Rinaldi et al., “Deciphering the nature of Virgil: An obscured
active galactic nucleus lurking within an apparently normal Lyα emitter during
cosmic reionization,” The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 994, no. 1. IOP Publishing,
2025.'
ista: 'Rinaldi P, Pérez-González PG, Rieke GH, Lyu J, D’Eugenio F, Wu Z, Carniani
S, Looser TJ, Shivaei I, Boogaard LA, Diaz-Santos T, Colina L, Östlin G, Alberts
S, Álvarez-Márquez J, Annuziatella M, Aravena M, Bhatawdekar R, Bunker AJ, Caputi
KI, Charlot S, Crespo Gómez A, Curti M, Eckart A, Gillman S, Hainline K, Kumari
N, Hjorth J, Iani E, Inami H, Ji Z, Johnson BD, Jones GC, Labiano Á, Maiolino
R, Melinder J, Moutard T, Peissker F, Rieke M, Robertson B, Scholtz J, Tacchella
S, Van Der Werf PP, Walter F, Williams CC, Willott C, Witstok J, Übler H, Zhu
Y. 2025. Deciphering the nature of Virgil: An obscured active galactic nucleus
lurking within an apparently normal Lyα emitter during cosmic reionization. The
Astrophysical Journal. 994(1), 86.'
mla: 'Rinaldi, Pierluigi, et al. “Deciphering the Nature of Virgil: An Obscured
Active Galactic Nucleus Lurking within an Apparently Normal Lyα Emitter during
Cosmic Reionization.” The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 994, no. 1, 86, IOP
Publishing, 2025, doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ae089c.'
short: P. Rinaldi, P.G. Pérez-González, G.H. Rieke, J. Lyu, F. D’Eugenio, Z. Wu,
S. Carniani, T.J. Looser, I. Shivaei, L.A. Boogaard, T. Diaz-Santos, L. Colina,
G. Östlin, S. Alberts, J. Álvarez-Márquez, M. Annuziatella, M. Aravena, R. Bhatawdekar,
A.J. Bunker, K.I. Caputi, S. Charlot, A. Crespo Gómez, M. Curti, A. Eckart, S.
Gillman, K. Hainline, N. Kumari, J. Hjorth, E. Iani, H. Inami, Z. Ji, B.D. Johnson,
G.C. Jones, Á. Labiano, R. Maiolino, J. Melinder, T. Moutard, F. Peissker, M.
Rieke, B. Robertson, J. Scholtz, S. Tacchella, P.P. Van Der Werf, F. Walter, C.C.
Williams, C. Willott, J. Witstok, H. Übler, Y. Zhu, The Astrophysical Journal
994 (2025).
date_created: 2026-04-12T22:01:53Z
date_published: 2025-11-20T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-04-13T07:54:11Z
day: '20'
ddc:
- '520'
department:
- _id: JoMa
doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/ae089c
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 5d13b0ad3e9f56cbe29c5de0ba5757c8
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2026-04-13T07:53:00Z
date_updated: 2026-04-13T07:53:00Z
file_id: '21731'
file_name: 2025_AstrophysicalJournal_Rinaldi.pdf
file_size: 10298729
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2026-04-13T07:53:00Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 994'
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '11'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: The Astrophysical Journal
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1538-4357
issn:
- 0004-637X
publication_status: published
publisher: IOP Publishing
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Deciphering the nature of Virgil: An obscured active galactic nucleus lurking
within an apparently normal Lyα emitter during cosmic reionization'
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 994
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '17889'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The increasingly neutral intergalactic gas at z > 6 impacts the Lyman-α (Lyα)
flux observed from galaxies. One luminous galaxy, COLA1, stands out because of
its unique double-peaked Lyα line at z = 6.6, unseen in any simulation of reionization.
Here, we present JWST/NIRCam wide-field slitless spectroscopy in a 21 arcmin2
field centered on COLA1. We find 141 galaxies spectroscopically selected through
the [O III] doublet at 5.35 < z < 6.95, with 40 of these sources showing Hβ. For
COLA1, we additionally detect [O III]4363 as well as Hγ. We measure a systemic
redshift of z = 6.5917 for COLA1, confirming the classical double-peak nature
of the Lyα profile. This implies that it resides in a highly ionized bubble and
that it is leaking ionizing photons with a high escape fraction of fesc(LyC) = 20–50%,
making it a prime laboratory to study Lyman continuum escape in the Epoch of Reionization.
COLA1 shows all the signs of a prolific ionizer with a Lyα escape fraction of
81 ± 5%, Balmer decrement indicating no dust, a steep UV slope (βUV = −3.2 ± 0.4),
and a star-formation surface density ≳10× that of typical galaxies at similar
redshift. We detect five galaxies in COLA1’s close environment (Δz < 0.02). Exploiting
the high spectroscopic completeness inherent to grism surveys, and using mock
simulations that fully mimic the selection function, we show that the number of
detected companions is very typical for a normal similarly UV-bright (MUV ∼ −21.3)
galaxy – that is, the ionized bubble around COLA1 is unlikely to be due to an
excessively large over-density. Instead, the measured ionizing properties suggest
that COLA1 by itself might be powering the bubble required to explain its double-peaked
Lyα profile (Rion ≈ 0.7 pMpc), with only minor contributions from detected neighbors
(−19.5 ≲ MUV ≲ −17.5).
acknowledgement: 'The authors acknowledge the financial support from the MICIU with
funding from the European Union NextGenerationEU and Generalitat Valenciana in the
call Programa de Planes Complementarios de I+D+i (PRTR 2022) Project (VAL-JPAS),
reference ASFAE/2022/025. This work has been funded by project PID2019-109592GBI00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033
from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MCIN)-Agencia Estatal de Investigación,
by the Project of Excellence Prometeo/2020/085 from the Conselleria d’Innovació
Universitats, Ciència i Societat Digital de la Generalitat Valenciana. It has also
be funded by the Project of Excellence Prometeo/2020/085 from the Conselleria d’Educació,
Universitats, i Ocupació de la Generalitat Valenciana. Funded by the European Union
(ERC, AGENTS, 101076224). Views and opinions expressed are however those of the
author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the
European Research Council. Neither the European Union nor the granting authority
can be held responsible for them. ST acknowledges support by the Royal Society Research
Grant G125142. AH acknowledges support by the VILLUM FONDEN under grant 37459. The
Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN) is funded by the Danish National Research Foundation under
grant DNRF140. We acknowledge funding from JWST program GO-1933. Support for this
work was provided by NASA through the NASA Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF2-51515.001-A
awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association
of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Incorporated, under NASA contract NAS5-26555.
This work has received funding from the Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research
and Innovation (SERI) under contract number MB22.00072, as well as from the Swiss
National Science Foundation (SNSF) through project grant 200020_207349. This work
is based on observations made with the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope.
The data were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes at the Space
Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities
for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-03127 for JWST. These
observations are associated with program # 1933. The specific observations analyzed
can be accessed via https://doi.org/10.17909/s9ht-7n34.'
article_number: A44
article_processing_charge: Yes (in subscription journal)
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Alberto
full_name: Torralba-Torregrosa, Alberto
last_name: Torralba-Torregrosa
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: Rohan P.
full_name: Naidu, Rohan P.
last_name: Naidu
- first_name: Ruari
full_name: Mackenzie, Ruari
last_name: Mackenzie
- first_name: Gabriele
full_name: Pezzulli, Gabriele
last_name: Pezzulli
- first_name: Anne
full_name: Hutter, Anne
last_name: Hutter
- first_name: Pablo
full_name: Arnalte-Mur, Pablo
last_name: Arnalte-Mur
- first_name: Siddhartha
full_name: Gurung-López, Siddhartha
last_name: Gurung-López
- first_name: Sandro
full_name: Tacchella, Sandro
last_name: Tacchella
- first_name: Pascal
full_name: Oesch, Pascal
last_name: Oesch
- first_name: Daichi
full_name: Kashino, Daichi
last_name: Kashino
- first_name: Charlie
full_name: Conroy, Charlie
last_name: Conroy
- first_name: David
full_name: Sobral, David
last_name: Sobral
citation:
ama: 'Torralba-Torregrosa A, Matthee JJ, Naidu RP, et al. Anatomy of an ionized
bubble: NIRCam grism spectroscopy of the z = 6.6 double-peaked Lyman- α emitter
COLA1 and its environment. Astronomy and Astrophysics. 2024;689. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202450318'
apa: 'Torralba-Torregrosa, A., Matthee, J. J., Naidu, R. P., Mackenzie, R., Pezzulli,
G., Hutter, A., … Sobral, D. (2024). Anatomy of an ionized bubble: NIRCam grism
spectroscopy of the z = 6.6 double-peaked Lyman- α emitter COLA1 and its environment.
Astronomy and Astrophysics. EDP Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202450318'
chicago: 'Torralba-Torregrosa, Alberto, Jorryt J Matthee, Rohan P. Naidu, Ruari
Mackenzie, Gabriele Pezzulli, Anne Hutter, Pablo Arnalte-Mur, et al. “Anatomy
of an Ionized Bubble: NIRCam Grism Spectroscopy of the z = 6.6 Double-Peaked Lyman-
α Emitter COLA1 and Its Environment.” Astronomy and Astrophysics. EDP Sciences,
2024. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202450318.'
ieee: 'A. Torralba-Torregrosa et al., “Anatomy of an ionized bubble: NIRCam
grism spectroscopy of the z = 6.6 double-peaked Lyman- α emitter COLA1 and its
environment,” Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 689. EDP Sciences, 2024.'
ista: 'Torralba-Torregrosa A, Matthee JJ, Naidu RP, Mackenzie R, Pezzulli G, Hutter
A, Arnalte-Mur P, Gurung-López S, Tacchella S, Oesch P, Kashino D, Conroy C, Sobral
D. 2024. Anatomy of an ionized bubble: NIRCam grism spectroscopy of the z = 6.6
double-peaked Lyman- α emitter COLA1 and its environment. Astronomy and Astrophysics.
689, A44.'
mla: 'Torralba-Torregrosa, Alberto, et al. “Anatomy of an Ionized Bubble: NIRCam
Grism Spectroscopy of the z = 6.6 Double-Peaked Lyman- α Emitter COLA1 and Its
Environment.” Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 689, A44, EDP Sciences,
2024, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202450318.'
short: A. Torralba-Torregrosa, J.J. Matthee, R.P. Naidu, R. Mackenzie, G. Pezzulli,
A. Hutter, P. Arnalte-Mur, S. Gurung-López, S. Tacchella, P. Oesch, D. Kashino,
C. Conroy, D. Sobral, Astronomy and Astrophysics 689 (2024).
date_created: 2024-09-08T22:01:11Z
date_published: 2024-09-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-09-08T09:20:52Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '520'
department:
- _id: JoMa
doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202450318
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2404.10040'
isi:
- '001303205700016'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: a6c0df287c75e8929db9f42badeac859
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2024-09-11T07:35:00Z
date_updated: 2024-09-11T07:35:00Z
file_id: '18055'
file_name: 2024_AstronomyAstrophysics_TorralbaTorregrosa.pdf
file_size: 6225413
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2024-09-11T07:35:00Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 689'
isi: 1
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Astronomy and Astrophysics
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1432-0746
issn:
- 0004-6361
publication_status: published
publisher: EDP Sciences
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Anatomy of an ionized bubble: NIRCam grism spectroscopy of the z = 6.6 double-peaked
Lyman- α emitter COLA1 and its environment'
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 689
year: '2024'
...
---
DOAJ_listed: '1'
_id: '18069'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: We present results from the JWST First Reionization Epoch Spectroscopically
Complete Observations survey on the star-forming sequence (SFS) of galaxies at
1.0 < z < 1.7, around the peak of the cosmic star formation history. Star formation
rates (SFRs) are measured from the redshifted, relatively dust-insensitive Paschen-α
emission line, and stellar mass measurements include the F444W (4.4 μm; rest-frame
H) band. We find SFRs of galaxies with log(M*/M⊙) > 9.5 that are lower than found
in many earlier studies by up to 0.6 dex, but in good agreement with recent results
obtained with the Prospector fitting framework. The difference (log(SFR(Paα)-SFR(Prospector))
is −0.09 ± 0.04 dex at 1010−11M⊙. We also measure the empirical relation between
Paschen-α luminosity and rest-frame H-band magnitude and find that the scatter
is only 0.04 dex lower than that of the SFR–M* relation and is much lower than
the systematic differences among relations in the literature due to various methods
of converting observed measurements to physical properties. We additionally identify
examples of sources—that, with standard cutoffs via the UVJ diagram, would be
deemed quiescent—with significant (log(sSFR)> −11 yr−1), typically extended, Paschen-α
emission. Our results may be indicative of the potential unification of methods
used to derive the SFS with careful selection of star-forming galaxies and independent
SFR and stellar mass indicators.
acknowledgement: "The authors thank the anonymous referee whose comments and suggestions
improved the quality of this work.\r\nThis work is based on observations made with
the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope. The data were obtained from the Mikulski
Archive for Space Telescopes at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is
operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under
NASA contract NAS 5-03127 for JWST. These observations are associated with program
No. 1895.\r\nSupport for this work was provided by NASA through grant JWST-GO-01895
awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association
of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555.\r\nThis
work has received funding from the Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research,
and Innovation (SERI) under contract No. MB22.00072, as well as from the Swiss National
Science Foundation (SNSF) through project grant 200020_207349. The Cosmic Dawn Center
(DAWN) is funded by the Danish National Research Foundation under grant No. 140.\r\nR.P.N.
acknowledges funding from JWST programs GO-1933 and GO-2279. Support for this work
was provided by NASA through the NASA Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF2-51515.001-A
awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association
of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555\r\nCloud-based
data processing and file storage for this work is provided by the AWS Cloud Credits
for Research program.\r\nThis paper made use of several publicly available software
packages. We thank the respective authors for sharing their work: IPython (Pérez
& Granger 2007), matplotlib (Hunter 2007), seaborn (Waskom et al. 2018), NumPy (Harris
et al. 2020), SciPy (Virtanen et al. 2020), jupyter (Kluyver et al. 2016), Astropy
(Astropy Collaboration et al. 2013, 2018, 2022), grizli (Brammer 2018; Brammer et
al. 2022), Prospector (Leja et al. 2019, 2017; Johnson et al. 2021), FSPS (Conroy
et al. 2009a, 2010; Conroy & Gunn 2010a, 2010b; Foreman-Mackey et al. 2014), dynesty
(Speagle 2020), EAZY (Brammer et al. 2008), Bagpipes (Carnall et al. 2018), and
SExtractor (Bertin & Arnouts 1996)."
article_number: '156'
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Chloe
full_name: Neufeld, Chloe
last_name: Neufeld
- first_name: Pieter
full_name: Van Dokkum, Pieter
last_name: Van Dokkum
- first_name: Yasmeen
full_name: Asali, Yasmeen
last_name: Asali
- first_name: Alba
full_name: Covelo-Paz, Alba
last_name: Covelo-Paz
- first_name: Joel
full_name: Leja, Joel
last_name: Leja
- first_name: Jamie
full_name: Lin, Jamie
last_name: Lin
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: Pascal A.
full_name: Oesch, Pascal A.
last_name: Oesch
- first_name: Naveen A.
full_name: Reddy, Naveen A.
last_name: Reddy
- first_name: Irene
full_name: Shivaei, Irene
last_name: Shivaei
- first_name: Katherine E.
full_name: Whitaker, Katherine E.
last_name: Whitaker
- first_name: Stijn
full_name: Wuyts, Stijn
last_name: Wuyts
- first_name: Gabriel
full_name: Brammer, Gabriel
last_name: Brammer
- first_name: Danilo
full_name: Marchesini, Danilo
last_name: Marchesini
- first_name: Michael V.
full_name: Maseda, Michael V.
last_name: Maseda
- first_name: Rohan P.
full_name: Naidu, Rohan P.
last_name: Naidu
- first_name: Erica J.
full_name: Nelson, Erica J.
last_name: Nelson
- first_name: Anna
full_name: Velichko, Anna
last_name: Velichko
- first_name: Andrea
full_name: Weibel, Andrea
last_name: Weibel
- first_name: Mengyuan
full_name: Xiao, Mengyuan
last_name: Xiao
citation:
ama: 'Neufeld C, Van Dokkum P, Asali Y, et al. FRESCO: The Paschen-α star-forming
sequence at cosmic noon. Astrophysical Journal. 2024;972(2). doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad6158'
apa: 'Neufeld, C., Van Dokkum, P., Asali, Y., Covelo-Paz, A., Leja, J., Lin, J.,
… Xiao, M. (2024). FRESCO: The Paschen-α star-forming sequence at cosmic noon.
Astrophysical Journal. IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad6158'
chicago: 'Neufeld, Chloe, Pieter Van Dokkum, Yasmeen Asali, Alba Covelo-Paz, Joel
Leja, Jamie Lin, Jorryt J Matthee, et al. “FRESCO: The Paschen-α Star-Forming
Sequence at Cosmic Noon.” Astrophysical Journal. IOP Publishing, 2024.
https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad6158.'
ieee: 'C. Neufeld et al., “FRESCO: The Paschen-α star-forming sequence at
cosmic noon,” Astrophysical Journal, vol. 972, no. 2. IOP Publishing, 2024.'
ista: 'Neufeld C, Van Dokkum P, Asali Y, Covelo-Paz A, Leja J, Lin J, Matthee JJ,
Oesch PA, Reddy NA, Shivaei I, Whitaker KE, Wuyts S, Brammer G, Marchesini D,
Maseda MV, Naidu RP, Nelson EJ, Velichko A, Weibel A, Xiao M. 2024. FRESCO: The
Paschen-α star-forming sequence at cosmic noon. Astrophysical Journal. 972(2),
156.'
mla: 'Neufeld, Chloe, et al. “FRESCO: The Paschen-α Star-Forming Sequence at Cosmic
Noon.” Astrophysical Journal, vol. 972, no. 2, 156, IOP Publishing, 2024,
doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad6158.'
short: C. Neufeld, P. Van Dokkum, Y. Asali, A. Covelo-Paz, J. Leja, J. Lin, J.J.
Matthee, P.A. Oesch, N.A. Reddy, I. Shivaei, K.E. Whitaker, S. Wuyts, G. Brammer,
D. Marchesini, M.V. Maseda, R.P. Naidu, E.J. Nelson, A. Velichko, A. Weibel, M.
Xiao, Astrophysical Journal 972 (2024).
date_created: 2024-09-15T22:01:40Z
date_published: 2024-09-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-09-08T09:43:41Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '520'
department:
- _id: JoMa
doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/ad6158
external_id:
isi:
- '001305987600001'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 754b58c1d79adb9670ca76fa8c20ab16
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2024-09-17T08:23:59Z
date_updated: 2024-09-17T08:23:59Z
file_id: '18082'
file_name: 2024_AstrophysicalJourn_Neufeld.pdf
file_size: 9960685
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2024-09-17T08:23:59Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 972'
isi: 1
issue: '2'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Astrophysical Journal
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1538-4357
issn:
- 0004-637X
publication_status: published
publisher: IOP Publishing
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'FRESCO: The Paschen-α star-forming sequence at cosmic noon'
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 972
year: '2024'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: hybrid
_id: '18447'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: We present the first results on the spatial distribution of star formation
in 454 star-forming galaxies just after the epoch of reionisation (4.8 < z < 6.5)
using Hα emission-line maps and F444W imaging that traces the stellar continuum
from the JWST FRESCO NIRCam Slitless Spectroscopy Survey. The Hα equivalent width
profiles of star-forming galaxies across the main sequence at z ∼ 5.3 with stellar
masses 6.8≤ log(M*/M⊙) < 11.1 increase with radius, which provides direct evidence
for the inside-out growth of star-forming galaxies just after the epoch of reionisation.
GALFIT was used to calculate half-light radii, Reff, and central surface densities
within 1 kiloparsec, Σ1kpc of Hα and the continuum. At a fixed stellar mass of
Log(M*/M⊙) = 9.5, Σ1kpc, Hα is 1.04 ± 0.05 times higher than Σ1kpc, C, Reff, Hα
is 1.18 ± 0.03 times larger than Reff, C and both Reff measurements are smaller
than 1 kiloparsec. These measurements suggest the rapid build-up of compact bulges
via star formation just after the epoch of reionisation. By comparison to analogous
work done at lower redshifts with Hubble Space Telescope WFC3 slitless spectroscopy
as part of the 3D-HST (z ∼ 1) and CLEAR (z ∼ 0.5) surveys, we find that Reff(z)
evolves at the same pace for Hα and the continuum, but Σ1kpc(z) evolves faster
for Hα than the stellar continuum. As a function of the Hubble parameter, Reff, Hα/Reff,C = 1.1h(z)
and Σ1 kpc, Hα/Σ1 kpc,C = h(z)1.3. These parametrisations suggest that the inside-out
growth of the disk starts to dominate the inside-out growth of the bulge towards
lower redshifts. This is supported by the redshift evolution in the EW(Hα) profiles
from FRESCO, 3D-HST, and CLEAR at fixed stellar mass and when star-forming progenitors
are traced, in which in EW(Hα) rapidly increases with radius within the half-light
radius at z ∼ 5.3, but EW(Hα) increases only significantly with radius in the
outer disk at z ∼ 0.5.
acknowledgement: "JM is grateful to the Cosmic Dawn Center for the DAWN Fellowship.
JM thanks Adam Muzzin, Viola Gelli and Anne Hutter for useful discussions that led
to improvements in the analysis presented in this paper. This work is based on observations
made with the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope. The raw data were obtained
from the Mikulski Archive for\r\nSpace Telescopes at the Space Telescope Science
Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in
Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-03127 for JWST. These observations are
associated with JWST Cycle 1 GO program #1895. Support for program JWST-GO-1895
was provided by NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute,
which is operated by the Associations of Universities for Research in Astronomy,
Incorporated, under NASA contract NAS5-26555. The Cosmic Dawn Center DAWN) is funded
by the Danish National Research Foundation under grant DNRF140.\r\nThis work has
received funding from the Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation
(SERI) under contract number MB22.00072, as well as from the Swiss National Science
Foundation (SNSF) through project grant 200020_207349. RPN thanks the NASA Hubble
Fellowshp Program for the Hubble Fellowship. DM acknowledges funding from JWST-GO-01895.013,
provided through a grant from the STScI under NASA contract NAS5-03127."
article_number: A64
article_processing_charge: Yes (in subscription journal)
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Jasleen
full_name: Matharu, Jasleen
last_name: Matharu
- first_name: Erica J.
full_name: Nelson, Erica J.
last_name: Nelson
- first_name: Gabriel
full_name: Brammer, Gabriel
last_name: Brammer
- first_name: Pascal A.
full_name: Oesch, Pascal A.
last_name: Oesch
- first_name: Natalie
full_name: Allen, Natalie
last_name: Allen
- first_name: Irene
full_name: Shivaei, Irene
last_name: Shivaei
- first_name: Rohan P.
full_name: Naidu, Rohan P.
last_name: Naidu
- first_name: John
full_name: Chisholm, John
last_name: Chisholm
- first_name: Alba
full_name: Covelo-Paz, Alba
last_name: Covelo-Paz
- first_name: Yoshinobu
full_name: Fudamoto, Yoshinobu
last_name: Fudamoto
- first_name: Emma
full_name: Giovinazzo, Emma
last_name: Giovinazzo
- first_name: Thomas
full_name: Herard-Demanche, Thomas
last_name: Herard-Demanche
- first_name: Josephine
full_name: Kerutt, Josephine
last_name: Kerutt
- first_name: Ivan
full_name: Kramarenko, Ivan
id: 9a9394cb-3200-11ee-973b-f5ba2a8b16e4
last_name: Kramarenko
orcid: 0000-0001-5346-6048
- first_name: Danilo
full_name: Marchesini, Danilo
last_name: Marchesini
- first_name: Romain A.
full_name: Meyer, Romain A.
last_name: Meyer
- first_name: Gonzalo
full_name: Prieto-Lyon, Gonzalo
last_name: Prieto-Lyon
- first_name: Naveen
full_name: Reddy, Naveen
last_name: Reddy
- first_name: Marko
full_name: Shuntov, Marko
last_name: Shuntov
- first_name: Andrea
full_name: Weibel, Andrea
last_name: Weibel
- first_name: Stijn
full_name: Wuyts, Stijn
last_name: Wuyts
- first_name: Mengyuan
full_name: Xiao, Mengyuan
last_name: Xiao
citation:
ama: Matharu J, Nelson EJ, Brammer G, et al. A first look at spatially resolved
star formation at 4.8 < z < 6.5 with JWST FRESCO NIRCam slitless spectroscopy.
Astronomy and Astrophysics. 2024;690. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202450522
apa: Matharu, J., Nelson, E. J., Brammer, G., Oesch, P. A., Allen, N., Shivaei,
I., … Xiao, M. (2024). A first look at spatially resolved star formation at 4.8
< z < 6.5 with JWST FRESCO NIRCam slitless spectroscopy. Astronomy
and Astrophysics. EDP Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202450522
chicago: Matharu, Jasleen, Erica J. Nelson, Gabriel Brammer, Pascal A. Oesch, Natalie
Allen, Irene Shivaei, Rohan P. Naidu, et al. “A First Look at Spatially Resolved
Star Formation at 4.8 < z < 6.5 with JWST FRESCO NIRCam Slitless Spectroscopy.”
Astronomy and Astrophysics. EDP Sciences, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202450522.
ieee: J. Matharu et al., “A first look at spatially resolved star formation
at 4.8 < z < 6.5 with JWST FRESCO NIRCam slitless spectroscopy,” Astronomy
and Astrophysics, vol. 690. EDP Sciences, 2024.
ista: Matharu J, Nelson EJ, Brammer G, Oesch PA, Allen N, Shivaei I, Naidu RP, Chisholm
J, Covelo-Paz A, Fudamoto Y, Giovinazzo E, Herard-Demanche T, Kerutt J, Kramarenko
I, Marchesini D, Meyer RA, Prieto-Lyon G, Reddy N, Shuntov M, Weibel A, Wuyts
S, Xiao M. 2024. A first look at spatially resolved star formation at 4.8 <
z < 6.5 with JWST FRESCO NIRCam slitless spectroscopy. Astronomy and Astrophysics.
690, A64.
mla: Matharu, Jasleen, et al. “A First Look at Spatially Resolved Star Formation
at 4.8 < z < 6.5 with JWST FRESCO NIRCam Slitless Spectroscopy.” Astronomy
and Astrophysics, vol. 690, A64, EDP Sciences, 2024, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202450522.
short: J. Matharu, E.J. Nelson, G. Brammer, P.A. Oesch, N. Allen, I. Shivaei, R.P.
Naidu, J. Chisholm, A. Covelo-Paz, Y. Fudamoto, E. Giovinazzo, T. Herard-Demanche,
J. Kerutt, I. Kramarenko, D. Marchesini, R.A. Meyer, G. Prieto-Lyon, N. Reddy,
M. Shuntov, A. Weibel, S. Wuyts, M. Xiao, Astronomy and Astrophysics 690 (2024).
date_created: 2024-10-20T22:02:06Z
date_published: 2024-10-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-09-08T14:22:57Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '520'
department:
- _id: JoMa
doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202450522
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2404.17629'
isi:
- '001322237700004'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 10ae78291aa9fa9a9e64724c42d91588
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2024-10-21T11:45:35Z
date_updated: 2024-10-21T11:45:35Z
file_id: '18457'
file_name: 2024_AstronomyAstrophysics_Matharu.pdf
file_size: 825494
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2024-10-21T11:45:35Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 690'
isi: 1
language:
- iso: eng
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Astronomy and Astrophysics
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1432-0746
issn:
- 0004-6361
publication_status: published
publisher: EDP Sciences
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: A first look at spatially resolved star formation at 4.8 < z < 6.5 with JWST
FRESCO NIRCam slitless spectroscopy
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 690
year: '2024'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: hybrid
_id: '18448'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Aims. This paper utilises the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Mid-Infrared
Instrument (MIRI) to extend the observational studies of dust and polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbon (PAH) emission to a new mass and star formation rate (SFR) parameter
space beyond our local Universe. The combination of fully sampled spectral energy
distributions (SEDs) with multiple mid-infrared (mid-IR) bands and the unprecedented
sensitivity of MIRI allows us to investigate dust obscuration and PAH behaviour
from z = 0.7 up to z = 2 in typical main-sequence galaxies. Our focus is on constraining
the evolution of PAH strength and the dust-obscured luminosity fraction before
and during cosmic noon, the epoch of peak star formation activity in the Universe.\r\n\r\nMethods.
In this study, we utilise MIRI multi-band imaging data from the SMILES survey
(5 to 25 μm), complemented with NIRCam photometry from the JADES survey (1 to
5 μm), available HST photometry (0.4 to 0.9 μm), and spectroscopic redshifts from
the FRESCO and JADES surveys in GOODS-S for 443 star-forming (without dominant
active galactic nucleus (AGN)) galaxies at z = 0.7 − 2.0. This redshift range
was chosen to ensure that the MIRI data cover mid-IR dust emission. Our methodology
involved employing ultraviolet (UV) to IR energy balance SED fitting to robustly
constrain the fraction of dust mass in PAHs and dust-obscured luminosity. Additionally,
we inferred dust sizes from MIRI 15 μm imaging data, enhancing our understanding
of the physical characteristics of dust within these galaxies.\r\n\r\nResults.
We find a strong correlation between the fraction of dust in PAHs (PAH fraction,
qPAH) with stellar mass. Moreover, the sub-sample with robust qPAH measurements
(N = 216) shows a similar behaviour between qPAH and gas-phase metallicity to
that at z ∼ 0, suggesting a universal relation: qPAH is constant (∼3.4%) above
a metallicity of Z ∼ 0.5 Z⊙ and decreases to < 1% at metallicities ≲0.3 Z⊙. This
indicates that metallicity is a good indicator of the interstellar medium properties
that affect the balance between the formation and destruction of PAHs. The lack
of a redshift evolution from z ∼ 0 − 2 also implies that above Z ∼ 0.5 Z⊙ the
PAH emission effectively traces obscured luminosity and the previous locally calibrated
PAH-SFR calibrations remain applicable in this metallicity regime. We observe
a strong correlation between the obscured UV luminosity fraction (ratio of obscured
to total luminosity) and stellar mass. Above the stellar mass of M* > 5 × 109
M⊙, on average, more than half of the emitted luminosity is obscured, while there
exists a non-negligible population of lower-mass galaxies with > 50% obscured
fractions. At a fixed mass, the obscured fraction correlates with SFR surface
density. This is a result of higher dust covering fractions in galaxies with more
compact star-forming regions. Similarly, galaxies with high IRX (IR to UV luminosity)
at a given mass or UV continuum slope (β) tend to have higher ΣSFR and shallower
attenuation curves, owing to their higher effective dust optical depths and more
compact star-forming regions."
acknowledgement: IS thanks the members of the JWST/MIRI instrument team for their
exceptional efforts and for providing an outstanding experience during the commissioning
period of JWST, which fostered numerous fruitful discussions and significantly enhanced
the quality of data reduction in this study. IS also thanks Karin Sandstrom and
Joel Leja for their insightful discussions during the scientific development of
this work. Additionally, IS acknowledges the contribution of Andras Gáspar to the
construction of the F560W PSF utilised in this research. This work was supported
in part by NASA grant NNX13AD82G. Part of this research has been funded by Atraccíon
de Talento Grant No. 2022-T1/TIC-20472 of the Comunidad de Madrid, Spain. AJB and
AC acknowledges funding from the ‘FirstGalaxies’ Advanced Grant from the European
Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
program (Grant agreement No. 789056). The work of CCW is supported by NOIRLab, which
is managed by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under
a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. PGP-G acknowledges
support from grant PID2022-139567NB-I00 funded by Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia
e Innovación CIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, FEDER Una manera de hacer Europa. SA
acknowledges support from the JWST Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) Science Team Lead,
grant 80NSSC18K0555, from NASA Goddard Space Flight Center to the University of
Arizona. This work is based on observations made with the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb
Space Telescope. The data were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes
at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of
Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-03127 for
JWST. These observations are associated with program PID 1207, 1080, 1081, 1895,
1220, 1286, 1287, 1963. Based on observations made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space
Telescope, and obtained from the Hubble Legacy Archive, which is a collaboration
between the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI/NASA), the Space Telescope
European Coordinating Facility (ST-ECF/ESAC/ESA) and the Canadian Astronomy Data
Centre (CADC/NRC/CSA).
article_number: A89
article_processing_charge: Yes (in subscription journal)
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Irene
full_name: Shivaei, Irene
last_name: Shivaei
- first_name: Stacey
full_name: Alberts, Stacey
last_name: Alberts
- first_name: Michael
full_name: Florian, Michael
last_name: Florian
- first_name: George
full_name: Rieke, George
last_name: Rieke
- first_name: Stijn
full_name: Wuyts, Stijn
last_name: Wuyts
- first_name: Sarah
full_name: Bodansky, Sarah
last_name: Bodansky
- first_name: Andrew J.
full_name: Bunker, Andrew J.
last_name: Bunker
- first_name: Alex J.
full_name: Cameron, Alex J.
last_name: Cameron
- first_name: Mirko
full_name: Curti, Mirko
last_name: Curti
- first_name: Francesco
full_name: Da'Eugenio, Francesco
last_name: Da'Eugenio
- first_name: Ugne
full_name: Dudzevičiūte, Ugne
last_name: Dudzevičiūte
- first_name: Zhiyuan
full_name: Ji, Zhiyuan
last_name: Ji
- first_name: Benjamin D.
full_name: Johnson, Benjamin D.
last_name: Johnson
- first_name: Ivan
full_name: Kramarenko, Ivan
id: 9a9394cb-3200-11ee-973b-f5ba2a8b16e4
last_name: Kramarenko
orcid: 0000-0001-5346-6048
- first_name: Jianwei
full_name: Lyu, Jianwei
last_name: Lyu
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: Jane
full_name: Morrison, Jane
last_name: Morrison
- first_name: Rohan
full_name: Naidu, Rohan
last_name: Naidu
- first_name: Pablo G.
full_name: Pérez-González, Pablo G.
last_name: Pérez-González
- first_name: Naveen
full_name: Reddy, Naveen
last_name: Reddy
- first_name: Brant
full_name: Robertson, Brant
last_name: Robertson
- first_name: Yang
full_name: Sun, Yang
last_name: Sun
- first_name: Sandro
full_name: Tacchella, Sandro
last_name: Tacchella
- first_name: Katherine
full_name: Whitaker, Katherine
last_name: Whitaker
- first_name: Christina C.
full_name: Williams, Christina C.
last_name: Williams
- first_name: Christopher N.A.
full_name: Willmer, Christopher N.A.
last_name: Willmer
- first_name: Joris
full_name: Witstok, Joris
last_name: Witstok
- first_name: Mengyuan
full_name: Xiao, Mengyuan
last_name: Xiao
- first_name: Yongda
full_name: Zhu, Yongda
last_name: Zhu
citation:
ama: Shivaei I, Alberts S, Florian M, et al. A new census of dust and polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbons at z = 0.7-2 with JWST MIRI. Astronomy and Astrophysics.
2024;690. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202449579
apa: Shivaei, I., Alberts, S., Florian, M., Rieke, G., Wuyts, S., Bodansky, S.,
… Zhu, Y. (2024). A new census of dust and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons at
z = 0.7-2 with JWST MIRI. Astronomy and Astrophysics. EDP Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202449579
chicago: Shivaei, Irene, Stacey Alberts, Michael Florian, George Rieke, Stijn Wuyts,
Sarah Bodansky, Andrew J. Bunker, et al. “A New Census of Dust and Polycyclic
Aromatic Hydrocarbons at z = 0.7-2 with JWST MIRI.” Astronomy and Astrophysics.
EDP Sciences, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202449579.
ieee: I. Shivaei et al., “A new census of dust and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
at z = 0.7-2 with JWST MIRI,” Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 690. EDP
Sciences, 2024.
ista: Shivaei I, Alberts S, Florian M, Rieke G, Wuyts S, Bodansky S, Bunker AJ,
Cameron AJ, Curti M, Da’Eugenio F, Dudzevičiūte U, Ji Z, Johnson BD, Kramarenko
I, Lyu J, Matthee JJ, Morrison J, Naidu R, Pérez-González PG, Reddy N, Robertson
B, Sun Y, Tacchella S, Whitaker K, Williams CC, Willmer CNA, Witstok J, Xiao M,
Zhu Y. 2024. A new census of dust and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons at z =
0.7-2 with JWST MIRI. Astronomy and Astrophysics. 690, A89.
mla: Shivaei, Irene, et al. “A New Census of Dust and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
at z = 0.7-2 with JWST MIRI.” Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 690, A89,
EDP Sciences, 2024, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202449579.
short: I. Shivaei, S. Alberts, M. Florian, G. Rieke, S. Wuyts, S. Bodansky, A.J.
Bunker, A.J. Cameron, M. Curti, F. Da’Eugenio, U. Dudzevičiūte, Z. Ji, B.D. Johnson,
I. Kramarenko, J. Lyu, J.J. Matthee, J. Morrison, R. Naidu, P.G. Pérez-González,
N. Reddy, B. Robertson, Y. Sun, S. Tacchella, K. Whitaker, C.C. Williams, C.N.A.
Willmer, J. Witstok, M. Xiao, Y. Zhu, Astronomy and Astrophysics 690 (2024).
date_created: 2024-10-20T22:02:06Z
date_published: 2024-10-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-03-05T11:19:11Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '520'
department:
- _id: JoMa
doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202449579
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2402.07989'
isi:
- '001381135700006'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: f399be98968b9ca5611c832a9b1eee2b
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2024-10-21T11:52:29Z
date_updated: 2024-10-21T11:52:29Z
file_id: '18458'
file_name: 2024_AstronomyAstrophysics_Shivaei.pdf
file_size: 10777358
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2024-10-21T11:52:29Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 690'
isi: 1
language:
- iso: eng
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Astronomy and Astrophysics
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1432-0746
issn:
- 0004-6361
publication_status: published
publisher: EDP Sciences
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: A new census of dust and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons at z = 0.7-2 with
JWST MIRI
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 690
year: '2024'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: diamond
_id: '18493'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Context. The escape of Lyman-α photons at redshifts greater than two is an
ongoing subject of study and an important quantity to further understanding of
Lyman-α emitters (LAEs), the transmission of Lyman-α photons through the interstellar
medium and intergalactic medium, and the impact these LAEs have on cosmic reionisation.\r\n\r\nAims.
This study aims to assess the Lyman-α escape fraction, fesc, Lyα, over the redshift
range 2.9 < z < 6.7, focusing on Very Large Telescope/Multi Unit Spectroscopic
Explorer (VLT/MUSE) selected, gravitationally lensed, intrinsically faint LAEs.
These galaxies are of particular interest as the potential drivers of cosmic reionisation.\r\n\r\nMethods.
We assessed fesc, Lyα in two ways: through an individual study of 96 LAEs behind
the A2744 lensing cluster, with James Webb Space Telescope/Near-Infrared Camera
(JWST/NIRCam) and HST data, and through a study of the global evolution of fesc, Lyα
using the state-of-the-art luminosity functions for LAEs and the UV-selected ‘parent’
population (dust-corrected). We compared these studies to those in the literature
based on brighter samples.\r\n\r\nResults. We find a negligible redshift evolution
of fesc, Lyα for our individual galaxies; it is likely that it was washed out
by significant intrinsic scatter. We observed a more significant evolution towards
higher escape fractions with decreasing UV magnitude and fit this relation. When
comparing the two luminosity functions to derive fesc, Lyα in a global sense,
we saw agreement with previous literature when integrating the luminosity functions
to a bright limit. However, when integrating using a faint limit equivalent to
the observational limits of our samples, we observed enhanced values of fesc, Lyα,
particularly around z ∼ 6, where fesc, Lyα becomes consistent with 100% escape.
This indicates for the faint regimes we sampled that galaxies towards reionisation
tend to allow very large fractions of Lyman-α photons to escape. We interpret
this as evidence of a lack of any significant dust in these populations; our sample
is likely dominated by young, highly star-forming chemically unevolved galaxies.
Finally, we assessed the contribution of the LAE population to reionisation using
our latest values for fesc, Lyα and the LAE luminosity density. The dependence
on the escape fraction of Lyman continuum photons is strong, but for values similar
to those observed recently in z ∼ 3 LAEs and high-redshift analogues, LAEs could
provide all the ionising emissivity necessary for reionisation."
acknowledgement: "This work is done based on observations made with ESO Telescopes
at the La Silla Paranal Observatory under programme IDs 060.A-9345, 092.A-0472,
094.A-0115, 095.A-0181, 096.A-0710, 097.A0269, 100.A-0249, and 294.A-5032. Also
based on observations obtained with the\r\nNASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, retrieved
from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST) at the Space Telescope Science
Institute (STScI). STScI is operated by the Association of Universities for Research
in Astronomy, Inc. under NASA contract NAS 5-26555. All plots in this paper were
created using Matplotlib (Hunter 2007). Part of this work was supported by the French
CNRS, the Aix-Marseille University, the French Programme National de Cosmologie
et Galaxies (PNCG) of CNRS/INSU with INP and IN2P3, co-funded by CEA and CNES. This
work also received support from the French government under the France 2030 investment
plan, as part of the Excellence Initiative of Aix-Marseille University - A*MIDEX
(AMX-19-IET-008 - IPhU).\r\nFinancial support from the World Laboratory, the Odon
Vallet Foundation and VNSC is gratefully acknowledged. Tran Thi Thai was funded
by Vingroup JSC and supported by the Master, PhD Scholarship Programme of Vingroup
Innovation Foundation (VINIF), Institute of Big Data, code VINIF.2023.TS.108. This
research was funded by Vingroup Innovation Foundation under project code VINIF.2023.DA.057."
article_number: A302
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: I.
full_name: Goovaerts, I.
last_name: Goovaerts
- first_name: T. T.
full_name: Thai, T. T.
last_name: Thai
- first_name: R.
full_name: Pello, R.
last_name: Pello
- first_name: P.
full_name: Tuan-Anh, P.
last_name: Tuan-Anh
- first_name: N.
full_name: Laporte, N.
last_name: Laporte
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: T.
full_name: Nanayakkara, T.
last_name: Nanayakkara
- first_name: J.
full_name: Pharo, J.
last_name: Pharo
citation:
ama: Goovaerts I, Thai TT, Pello R, et al. Charting the Lyman-α escape fraction
in the range 2.9 < z < 6.7 and consequences for the LAE reionisation contribution.
Astronomy and Astrophysics. 2024;690. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202451432
apa: Goovaerts, I., Thai, T. T., Pello, R., Tuan-Anh, P., Laporte, N., Matthee,
J. J., … Pharo, J. (2024). Charting the Lyman-α escape fraction in the range 2.9
< z < 6.7 and consequences for the LAE reionisation contribution. Astronomy
and Astrophysics. EDP Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202451432
chicago: Goovaerts, I., T. T. Thai, R. Pello, P. Tuan-Anh, N. Laporte, Jorryt J
Matthee, T. Nanayakkara, and J. Pharo. “Charting the Lyman-α Escape Fraction in
the Range 2.9 < z < 6.7 and Consequences for the LAE Reionisation Contribution.”
Astronomy and Astrophysics. EDP Sciences, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202451432.
ieee: I. Goovaerts et al., “Charting the Lyman-α escape fraction in the range
2.9 < z < 6.7 and consequences for the LAE reionisation contribution,”
Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 690. EDP Sciences, 2024.
ista: Goovaerts I, Thai TT, Pello R, Tuan-Anh P, Laporte N, Matthee JJ, Nanayakkara
T, Pharo J. 2024. Charting the Lyman-α escape fraction in the range 2.9 <
z < 6.7 and consequences for the LAE reionisation contribution. Astronomy
and Astrophysics. 690, A302.
mla: Goovaerts, I., et al. “Charting the Lyman-α Escape Fraction in the Range 2.9
< z < 6.7 and Consequences for the LAE Reionisation Contribution.” Astronomy
and Astrophysics, vol. 690, A302, EDP Sciences, 2024, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202451432.
short: I. Goovaerts, T.T. Thai, R. Pello, P. Tuan-Anh, N. Laporte, J.J. Matthee,
T. Nanayakkara, J. Pharo, Astronomy and Astrophysics 690 (2024).
date_created: 2024-11-03T23:01:45Z
date_published: 2024-10-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-09-08T14:28:28Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '520'
department:
- _id: JoMa
doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202451432
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2408.00517'
isi:
- '001339205700015'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 4007e2b0fadf93bea61c5bec3fc97e87
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2024-11-04T08:04:44Z
date_updated: 2024-11-04T08:04:44Z
file_id: '18495'
file_name: 2024_AstronomyAstrophysics_Goovaerts.pdf
file_size: 2008461
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2024-11-04T08:04:44Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 690'
isi: 1
language:
- iso: eng
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Astronomy and Astrophysics
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1432-0746
issn:
- 0004-6361
publication_status: published
publisher: EDP Sciences
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Charting the Lyman-α escape fraction in the range 2.9 < z < 6.7 and consequences
for the LAE reionisation contribution
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 690
year: '2024'
...
---
DOAJ_listed: '1'
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
_id: '18494'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: We expect luminous (M 1450 ≲ −26.5) high-redshift quasars to trace the highest-density
peaks in the early Universe. Here, we present observations of four z ≳ 6 quasar
fields using JWST/NIRCam in the imaging and wide-field slitless spectroscopy mode
and report a wide range in the number of detected [O iii]-emitting galaxies in
the quasars’ environments, ranging between a density enhancement of δ ≈ 65 within
a 2 cMpc radius—one of the largest protoclusters during the Epoch of Reionization
discovered to date—to a density contrast consistent with zero, indicating the
presence of a UV-luminous quasar in a region comparable to the average density
of the Universe. By measuring the two-point cross-correlation function of quasars
and their surrounding galaxies, as well as the galaxy autocorrelation function,
we infer a correlation length of quasars at 〈z〉 = 6.25 of r 0 QQ = 22.0 − 2.9
+ 3.0 cMpc h − 1 , while we obtain a correlation length of the [O iii]-emitting
galaxies of r 0 GG = 4.1 ± 0.3 cMpc h − 1 . By comparing the correlation functions
to dark-matter-only simulations we estimate the minimum mass of the quasars’ host
dark matter halos to be log 10 ( M halo , min / M ⊙ ) = 12.43 − 0.15 + 0.13 (and
log 10 ( M halo , min [ OIII ] / M ⊙ ) = 10.56 − 0.03 + 0.05 for the [O iii] emitters),
indicating that (a) luminous quasars do not necessarily reside within the most
overdense regions in the early Universe, and that (b) the UV-luminous duty cycle
of quasar activity at these redshifts is f duty ≪ 1. Such short quasar activity
timescales challenge our understanding of early supermassive black hole growth
and provide evidence for highly dust-obscured growth phases or episodic, radiatively
inefficient accretion rates.
acknowledgement: "The authors would like to thank the anonymous referee for the thoughtful
comments, which significantly improved our manuscript, and Jan-Torge Schindler,
Jiamu Huang, and Feige Wang for helpful discussions.\r\n\r\nJ.F.H. and E.P. acknowledge
support from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Unions Horizon
2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement No. 885301). J.M. acknowledges
support from the European Union (ERC, AGENTS, 101076224).\r\n\r\nThis work is based
on observations made with the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope. The JWST
data presented in this article were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space
Telescopes at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association
of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-03127
for JWST. The specific observations analyzed are associated with program #1243 and
can be accessed via doi:10.17909/m5mp-5v90.\r\n\r\nThis work used the DiRAC Memory
Intensive service (Cosma8) at the University of Durham, which is part of the STFC
DiRAC HPC Facility (www.dirac.ac.uk). Access to DiRAC resources was granted through
a Directors Discretionary Time allocation in 2023/24, under the auspices of the
UKRI-funded DiRAC Federation Project. The equipment was funded by BEIS capital funding
via STFC capital grants ST/K00042X/1, ST/P002293/1, ST/R002371/1, and ST/S002502/1,
Durham University and STFC operations grant ST/R000832/1. DiRAC is part of the National
e-Infrastructure.\r\n\r\nWe thank the Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia (IAA-CSIC),
Centro de Supercomputacion de Galicia (CESGA), and Spanish Academic and Research
Network (RedIRIS) in Spain for hosting Uchuu DR1, DR2, and DR3 in the Skies & Universes
site for cosmological simulations. The Uchuu simulations were carried out on the
Aterui II supercomputer at the Center for Computational Astrophysics, CfCA, of the
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, and the K computer at the RIKEN Advanced
Institute for Computational Science. The Uchuu Data Releases efforts have made use
of the skunIAA_RedIRIS and skun6IAA computer facilities managed by the IAA-CSIC
in Spain (MICINN EU-Feder grant EQC2018-004366-P)."
article_number: '275'
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Anna Christina
full_name: Eilers, Anna Christina
last_name: Eilers
- first_name: Ruari
full_name: Mackenzie, Ruari
last_name: Mackenzie
- first_name: Elia
full_name: Pizzati, Elia
last_name: Pizzati
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: Joseph F.
full_name: Hennawi, Joseph F.
last_name: Hennawi
- first_name: Haowen
full_name: Zhang, Haowen
last_name: Zhang
- first_name: Rongmon
full_name: Bordoloi, Rongmon
last_name: Bordoloi
- first_name: Daichi
full_name: Kashino, Daichi
last_name: Kashino
- first_name: Simon J.
full_name: Lilly, Simon J.
last_name: Lilly
- first_name: Rohan P.
full_name: Naidu, Rohan P.
last_name: Naidu
- first_name: Robert A.
full_name: Simcoe, Robert A.
last_name: Simcoe
- first_name: Minghao
full_name: Yue, Minghao
last_name: Yue
- first_name: Carlos S.
full_name: Frenk, Carlos S.
last_name: Frenk
- first_name: John C.
full_name: Helly, John C.
last_name: Helly
- first_name: Matthieu
full_name: Schaller, Matthieu
last_name: Schaller
- first_name: Joop
full_name: Schaye, Joop
last_name: Schaye
citation:
ama: Eilers AC, Mackenzie R, Pizzati E, et al. EIGER. VI. The correlation function,
host halo mass, and duty cycle of luminous quasars at z ≳ 6. Astrophysical
Journal. 2024;974(2). doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad778b
apa: Eilers, A. C., Mackenzie, R., Pizzati, E., Matthee, J. J., Hennawi, J. F.,
Zhang, H., … Schaye, J. (2024). EIGER. VI. The correlation function, host halo
mass, and duty cycle of luminous quasars at z ≳ 6. Astrophysical Journal.
IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad778b
chicago: Eilers, Anna Christina, Ruari Mackenzie, Elia Pizzati, Jorryt J Matthee,
Joseph F. Hennawi, Haowen Zhang, Rongmon Bordoloi, et al. “EIGER. VI. The Correlation
Function, Host Halo Mass, and Duty Cycle of Luminous Quasars at z ≳ 6.” Astrophysical
Journal. IOP Publishing, 2024. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad778b.
ieee: A. C. Eilers et al., “EIGER. VI. The correlation function, host halo
mass, and duty cycle of luminous quasars at z ≳ 6,” Astrophysical Journal,
vol. 974, no. 2. IOP Publishing, 2024.
ista: Eilers AC, Mackenzie R, Pizzati E, Matthee JJ, Hennawi JF, Zhang H, Bordoloi
R, Kashino D, Lilly SJ, Naidu RP, Simcoe RA, Yue M, Frenk CS, Helly JC, Schaller
M, Schaye J. 2024. EIGER. VI. The correlation function, host halo mass, and duty
cycle of luminous quasars at z ≳ 6. Astrophysical Journal. 974(2), 275.
mla: Eilers, Anna Christina, et al. “EIGER. VI. The Correlation Function, Host Halo
Mass, and Duty Cycle of Luminous Quasars at z ≳ 6.” Astrophysical Journal,
vol. 974, no. 2, 275, IOP Publishing, 2024, doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad778b.
short: A.C. Eilers, R. Mackenzie, E. Pizzati, J.J. Matthee, J.F. Hennawi, H. Zhang,
R. Bordoloi, D. Kashino, S.J. Lilly, R.P. Naidu, R.A. Simcoe, M. Yue, C.S. Frenk,
J.C. Helly, M. Schaller, J. Schaye, Astrophysical Journal 974 (2024).
date_created: 2024-11-03T23:01:45Z
date_published: 2024-10-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-09-08T14:29:05Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '520'
department:
- _id: JoMa
doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/ad778b
external_id:
isi:
- '001338877100001'
file:
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checksum: 1fcac3d11d01d91cf2bb4963b6e10b22
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2024-11-04T08:42:23Z
date_updated: 2024-11-04T08:42:23Z
file_id: '18496'
file_name: 2024_AstrophysicalJour_Eilers.pdf
file_size: 1042470
relation: main_file
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intvolume: ' 974'
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issue: '2'
language:
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month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: bd9b2118-d553-11ed-ba76-db24564edfea
grant_number: '101076224'
name: Young galaxies as tracers and agents of cosmic reionization
publication: Astrophysical Journal
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1538-4357
issn:
- 0004-637X
publication_status: published
publisher: IOP Publishing
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: EIGER. VI. The correlation function, host halo mass, and duty cycle of luminous
quasars at z ≳ 6
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 974
year: '2024'
...
---
DOAJ_listed: '1'
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
_id: '18523'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Recent observations from the EIGER JWST program have measured for the first
time the quasar–galaxy cross-correlation function at z ≈ 6. The autocorrelation
function of faint z ≈ 6 quasars was also recently estimated. These measurements
provide key insights into the properties of quasars and galaxies at high redshift
and their relation with the host dark matter haloes. In this work, we interpret
these data building upon an empirical quasar population model that has been applied
successfully to quasar clustering and demographic measurements at z ≈ 2–4. We
use a new, large-volume N-body simulation with more than a trillion particles,
FLAMINGO-10k, to model quasars and galaxies simultaneously. We successfully reproduce
observations of z ≈ 6 quasars and galaxies (i.e. their clustering properties and
luminosity functions), and infer key quantities such as their luminosity–halo
mass relation, the mass function of their host haloes, and their duty cycle/occupation
fraction. Our key findings\r\nare (i) quasars reside on average in ≈ 1012.5 M
haloes (corresponding to ≈ 5σ fluctuations in the initial conditions of the linear
density field), but the distribution of host halo masses is quite broad; (ii)
the duty cycle of (UV-bright) quasar activity is relatively low (≈ 1 per cent);
(iii) galaxies (that are bright in [O III]) live in much smaller haloes (≈ 1010.9
M) and have a larger duty cycle (occupation fraction) of ≈ 13 per cent. Finally,
we focus on the inferred properties of quasars and present a homogeneous analysis
of their evolution with redshift. The picture that emerges reveals a strong evolution
of the host halo mass and duty cycle of quasars at z ≈ 2–6, and calls for new
investigations of the role of quasar activity across cosmic time."
acknowledgement: "We are grateful to Junya Arita and the SHELLQs team for sharing
their data on the quasar autocorrelation function and to Jan-Torge Schindler for
discussion on the QLF. We acknowledge helpful conversations with the ENIGMA group
at UC Santa Barbara and Leiden University. EP is grateful to Rob McGibbon and Victor
Forouhar Moreno for help with the simulation outputs, and to Timo Kist, Jiamu Huang,
and Vikram Khaire for comments on an early version of the manuscript. JFH and EP
acknowledge support from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European
Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement No 885301).
This work is partly supported by funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020
research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement
No 860744 (BiD4BESt). FW acknowledges support from NSF grant AST-2308258. This work
used the DiRAC Memory Intensive service (Cosma8) at the University of Durham, which
is part of the STFC DiRAC HPC Facility (www.dirac.ac.uk). Access to DiRAC resources
was granted through a Director’s Discretionary Time allocation in 2023/24, under
the auspices of the UKRI-funded\r\nDiRAC Federation Project. The equipment was funded
by BEIS capital funding via STFC capital grants ST/K00042X/1, ST/P002293/1, ST/R002371/1,
and ST/S002502/1, Durham University, and STFC operations grant ST/R000832/1. DiRAC
is part of the National e-Infrastructure."
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Elia
full_name: Pizzati, Elia
last_name: Pizzati
- first_name: Joseph F.
full_name: Hennawi, Joseph F.
last_name: Hennawi
- first_name: Joop
full_name: Schaye, Joop
last_name: Schaye
- first_name: Matthieu
full_name: Schaller, Matthieu
last_name: Schaller
- first_name: Anna Christina
full_name: Eilers, Anna Christina
last_name: Eilers
- first_name: Feige
full_name: Wang, Feige
last_name: Wang
- first_name: Carlos S.
full_name: Frenk, Carlos S.
last_name: Frenk
- first_name: Willem
full_name: Elbers, Willem
last_name: Elbers
- first_name: John C.
full_name: Helly, John C.
last_name: Helly
- first_name: Ruari
full_name: Mackenzie, Ruari
last_name: Mackenzie
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: Rongmon
full_name: Bordoloi, Rongmon
last_name: Bordoloi
- first_name: Daichi
full_name: Kashino, Daichi
last_name: Kashino
- first_name: Rohan P.
full_name: Naidu, Rohan P.
last_name: Naidu
- first_name: Minghao
full_name: Yue, Minghao
last_name: Yue
citation:
ama: Pizzati E, Hennawi JF, Schaye J, et al. A unified model for the clustering
of quasars and galaxies at z ≈ 6. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical
Society. 2024;534(4):3155-3175. doi:10.1093/mnras/stae2307
apa: Pizzati, E., Hennawi, J. F., Schaye, J., Schaller, M., Eilers, A. C., Wang,
F., … Yue, M. (2024). A unified model for the clustering of quasars and galaxies
at z ≈ 6. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University
Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stae2307
chicago: Pizzati, Elia, Joseph F. Hennawi, Joop Schaye, Matthieu Schaller, Anna
Christina Eilers, Feige Wang, Carlos S. Frenk, et al. “A Unified Model for the
Clustering of Quasars and Galaxies at z ≈ 6.” Monthly Notices of the Royal
Astronomical Society. Oxford University Press, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stae2307.
ieee: E. Pizzati et al., “A unified model for the clustering of quasars and
galaxies at z ≈ 6,” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society,
vol. 534, no. 4. Oxford University Press, pp. 3155–3175, 2024.
ista: Pizzati E, Hennawi JF, Schaye J, Schaller M, Eilers AC, Wang F, Frenk CS,
Elbers W, Helly JC, Mackenzie R, Matthee JJ, Bordoloi R, Kashino D, Naidu RP,
Yue M. 2024. A unified model for the clustering of quasars and galaxies at z ≈
6. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 534(4), 3155–3175.
mla: Pizzati, Elia, et al. “A Unified Model for the Clustering of Quasars and Galaxies
at z ≈ 6.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 534,
no. 4, Oxford University Press, 2024, pp. 3155–75, doi:10.1093/mnras/stae2307.
short: E. Pizzati, J.F. Hennawi, J. Schaye, M. Schaller, A.C. Eilers, F. Wang, C.S.
Frenk, W. Elbers, J.C. Helly, R. Mackenzie, J.J. Matthee, R. Bordoloi, D. Kashino,
R.P. Naidu, M. Yue, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 534 (2024)
3155–3175.
date_created: 2024-11-10T23:01:58Z
date_published: 2024-11-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-09-08T14:40:22Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '520'
department:
- _id: JoMa
doi: 10.1093/mnras/stae2307
external_id:
isi:
- '001335663900008'
file:
- access_level: open_access
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content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2024-11-12T07:17:26Z
date_updated: 2024-11-12T07:17:26Z
file_id: '18542'
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month: '11'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 3155-3175
publication: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1365-2966
issn:
- 0035-8711
publication_status: published
publisher: Oxford University Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: A unified model for the clustering of quasars and galaxies at z ≈ 6
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 534
year: '2024'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: hybrid
_id: '18527'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Context. Galaxies evolve through a dynamic exchange of material with their
immediate surrounding environment, the so-called circumgalactic medium (CGM).
Understanding the physics of gas flows and the nature of the CGM is fundamental
to studying galaxy evolution, especially at 4 ≤ z ≤ 6 (i.e., after the Epoch of
Reionization) when galaxies rapidly assembled their masses and reached their chemical
maturity. Galactic outflows are predicted to enrich the CGM with metals, although
it has also been suggested that gas stripping in systems undergoing a major merger
may play a role.\r\n\r\nAims. In this work, we explore the metal enrichment of
the medium around merging galaxies at z ∼ 4.5, observed by the ALMA Large Program
to INvestigate [CII] at Early times (ALPINE). To do so, we study the nature of
the [CII] 158 μm emission in the CGM around these systems, using simulations to
help disentangle the mechanisms contributing to the CGM metal pollution.\r\n\r\nMethods.
By adopting an updated classification of major merger systems in the ALPINE survey,
we selected and analyzed merging galaxies whose components can be spatially and/or
spectrally resolved in a robust way. This makes it possible to distinguish between
the [CII] emission coming from the single components of the system and that coming
from the system as a whole. We also made use of the dustyGadget cosmological simulation
to select synthetic analogs of observed galaxies and guide the interpretation
of the observational results.\r\n\r\nResults. We find a large diffuse [CII] envelope
(≳20 kpc) embedding all the merging systems, with at least 25% of the total [CII]
emission coming from the medium between the galaxies. Using predictions from dustyGadget,
we suggest that this emission has a multi-fold nature, with dynamical interactions
between galaxies playing a major role in stripping the gas and enriching the medium
with heavy elements."
acknowledgement: 'The authors would like to thank the anonymous referee for the useful
suggestions which improved this article. This paper is based on data obtained with
the ALMA Observatory, under Large Program 2017.1.00428.L. ALMA is a partnership
of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA), and NINS (Japan), together with
NRC (Canada), MOST and ASIAA (Taiwan), and KASI (Republic of Korea), in cooperation
with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO
and NAOJ. CDC would like to thank the GESO group at the European Southern Observatory
(ESO) for the useful discussions while preparing this manuscript. The simulated
data underlying this article will be shared on reasonable request to the corresponding
author. CDC acknowledged support from Sapienza University of Rome program “Bando
per la mobilità individuale all’estero” (DR n.1607 del 14 June 2021) during the
visiting period (June-November 2022) at ESO Garching, Germany. LG and RS acknowledge
support from the PRIN 2022 MUR project 2022CB3PJ3 – First Light And Galaxy aSsembly
(FLAGS) funded by the European Union – Next Generation EU, and from the Amaldi Research
Center funded by the MIUR program “Dipartimento di Eccellenza” (CUP:B81I18001170001).
MR acknowledges support from the Narodowe Centrum Nauki (UMO-2020/38/E/ST9/00077)
and support from the Foundation for Polish Science (FNP) under the program START
063.2023. We have benefited from the publicly available software CASA and CARTA
and programming language Python, including the numpy (https://numpy.org), matplotlib
(https://matplotlib.org), scipy (https://scipy.org) and astropy (http://www.astropy.org)
packages. '
article_number: A255
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Claudia
full_name: Di Cesare, Claudia
id: 2d002343-372f-11ef-98ec-a164d20427cb
last_name: Di Cesare
- first_name: M.
full_name: Ginolfi, M.
last_name: Ginolfi
- first_name: L.
full_name: Graziani, L.
last_name: Graziani
- first_name: R.
full_name: Schneider, R.
last_name: Schneider
- first_name: M.
full_name: Romano, M.
last_name: Romano
- first_name: G.
full_name: Popping, G.
last_name: Popping
citation:
ama: Di Cesare C, Ginolfi M, Graziani L, Schneider R, Romano M, Popping G. Carbon
envelopes around merging galaxies at z ~ 4.5. Astronomy and Astrophysics.
2024;690. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202449164
apa: Di Cesare, C., Ginolfi, M., Graziani, L., Schneider, R., Romano, M., &
Popping, G. (2024). Carbon envelopes around merging galaxies at z ~ 4.5. Astronomy
and Astrophysics. EDP Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202449164
chicago: Di Cesare, Claudia, M. Ginolfi, L. Graziani, R. Schneider, M. Romano, and
G. Popping. “Carbon Envelopes around Merging Galaxies at z ~ 4.5.” Astronomy
and Astrophysics. EDP Sciences, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202449164.
ieee: C. Di Cesare, M. Ginolfi, L. Graziani, R. Schneider, M. Romano, and G. Popping,
“Carbon envelopes around merging galaxies at z ~ 4.5,” Astronomy and Astrophysics,
vol. 690. EDP Sciences, 2024.
ista: Di Cesare C, Ginolfi M, Graziani L, Schneider R, Romano M, Popping G. 2024.
Carbon envelopes around merging galaxies at z ~ 4.5. Astronomy and Astrophysics.
690, A255.
mla: Di Cesare, Claudia, et al. “Carbon Envelopes around Merging Galaxies at z ~
4.5.” Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 690, A255, EDP Sciences, 2024, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202449164.
short: C. Di Cesare, M. Ginolfi, L. Graziani, R. Schneider, M. Romano, G. Popping,
Astronomy and Astrophysics 690 (2024).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2024-11-10T23:02:00Z
date_published: 2024-10-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-09-08T14:35:57Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '520'
department:
- _id: JoMa
doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202449164
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2401.03020'
isi:
- '001332213700013'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 24c65a64047aba156f39b01425269bdb
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2024-11-11T08:54:11Z
date_updated: 2024-11-11T08:54:11Z
file_id: '18533'
file_name: 2024_AstronomyAstrophysics_diCesare.pdf
file_size: 8033864
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file_date_updated: 2024-11-11T08:54:11Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 690'
isi: 1
language:
- iso: eng
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Astronomy and Astrophysics
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1432-0746
issn:
- 0004-6361
publication_status: published
publisher: EDP Sciences
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Carbon envelopes around merging galaxies at z ~ 4.5
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 690
year: '2024'
...
---
DOAJ_listed: '1'
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
_id: '18584'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: In this paper, we describe the "Medium Bands, Mega Science" JWST Cycle 2 survey
(JWST-GO-4111) and demonstrate the power of these data to reveal both the spatially
integrated and spatially resolved properties of galaxies from the local Universe
to the era of cosmic dawn. Executed in 2023 November, MegaScience obtained ∼30
arcmin2 of deep multiband NIRCam imaging centered on the z ∼ 0.3 A2744 cluster,
including 11 medium-band filters and the two shortest-wavelength broadband filters,
F070W and F090W. Together, MegaScience and the UNCOVER Cycle 1 treasury program
provide a complete set of deep (∼28–30 magAB) images in all NIRCam medium- and
broadband filters. This unique data set allows us to precisely constrain photometric
redshifts, map stellar populations and dust attenuation for large samples of distant
galaxies, and examine the connection between galaxy structures and formation histories.
MegaScience also includes ∼17 arcmin2 of NIRISS parallel imaging in two broadband
and four medium-band filters from 0.9 to 4.8 μm, expanding the footprint where
robust spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting is possible. We provide example
SEDs and multiband cutouts at a variety of redshifts, and use a catalog of JWST
spectroscopic redshifts to show that MegaScience improves both the scatter and
catastrophic outlier rate of photometric redshifts by factors of 2–3. Additionally,
we demonstrate the spatially resolved science enabled by MegaScience by presenting
maps of the [O iii] line emission and continuum emission in three spectroscopically
confirmed z > 6 galaxies. We show that line emission in reionization-era galaxies
can be clumpy, extended, and spatially offset from continuum emission, implying
that galaxy assembly histories are complex even at these early epochs. We publicly
release fully reduced mosaics and photometric catalogs for both the NIRCam primary
and NIRISS parallel fields (jwst-uncover.github.io/megascience).
acknowledgement: "K.A.S. thanks Shelly Meyett, the MegaScience Program Coordinator,
for invaluable assistance designing WOPR 88967 and ensuring that this program was
fully observed. This proposal was conceived of and developed at the International
Space Science Institute (ISSI) in Bern, through ISSI International Team project
#562. This work is based on observations made with the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space
Telescope. The raw data were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes
at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of
Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-03127 for
JWST. These observations are associated with JWST Cycle 2 GO program #4111, and
this project has gratefully made use of a large number of public JWST programs in
the A2744 field including JWST-GO-2641, JWST-ERS-1324, JWST-DD-2756, JWST-GO-2883,
JWST-GO-3538, and JWST-GO-3516. Support for program JWST-GO-4111 was provided by
NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated
by the Associations of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Incorporated, under
NASA contract NAS5-26555.\r\n\r\nThe Cosmic Dawn Center is funded by the Danish
National Research Foundation (DNRF) under grant #140. P.D. acknowledges support
from the NWO grant 016.VIDI.189.162 (\"ODIN\") and warmly thanks the European Commission's
and University of Groningen's CO-FUND Rosalind Franklin program. This work has received
funding from the Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation
(SERI) under contract number MB22.00072, as well as from the Swiss National Science
Foundation (SNSF) through project grant 200020_207349. The work of C.C.W. is supported
by NOIRLab, which is managed by the Association of Universities for Research in
Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation.
T.B.M. was supported by a CIERA Fellowship. H.A. is supported by CNES, focused on
the JWST mission, and by the Programme National Cosmology and Galaxies (PNCG) of
CNRS/INSU with INP and IN2P3, co-funded by CEA and CNES. The BGU lensing group acknowledges
support by grant No. 2020750 from the United States–Israel Binational Science Foundation
(BSF) and grant No. 2109066 from the United States National Science Foundation (NSF);
by the Ministry of Science & Technology, Israel; and by the Israel Science Foundation
grant No. 864/23. Y.F. acknowledges support from JSPS KAKENHI grant No. JP22K21349
and JP23K13149. R.P. and D.M. acknowledge funding from JWST-GO-02561.013 and JWST-GO-04111.035."
article_number: '101'
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Katherine A.
full_name: Suess, Katherine A.
last_name: Suess
- first_name: John R.
full_name: Weaver, John R.
last_name: Weaver
- first_name: Sedona H.
full_name: Price, Sedona H.
last_name: Price
- first_name: Richard
full_name: Pan, Richard
last_name: Pan
- first_name: Bingjie
full_name: Wang, Bingjie
last_name: Wang
- first_name: Rachel
full_name: Bezanson, Rachel
last_name: Bezanson
- first_name: Gabriel
full_name: Brammer, Gabriel
last_name: Brammer
- first_name: Sam E.
full_name: Cutler, Sam E.
last_name: Cutler
- first_name: Ivo
full_name: Labbé, Ivo
last_name: Labbé
- first_name: Joel
full_name: Leja, Joel
last_name: Leja
- first_name: Christina C.
full_name: Williams, Christina C.
last_name: Williams
- first_name: Katherine E.
full_name: Whitaker, Katherine E.
last_name: Whitaker
- first_name: Hakim
full_name: Atek, Hakim
last_name: Atek
- first_name: Pratika
full_name: Dayal, Pratika
last_name: Dayal
- first_name: Anna
full_name: De Graaff, Anna
last_name: De Graaff
- first_name: Robert
full_name: Feldmann, Robert
last_name: Feldmann
- first_name: Marijn
full_name: Franx, Marijn
last_name: Franx
- first_name: Yoshinobu
full_name: Fudamoto, Yoshinobu
last_name: Fudamoto
- first_name: Seiji
full_name: Fujimoto, Seiji
last_name: Fujimoto
- first_name: Lukas J.
full_name: Furtak, Lukas J.
last_name: Furtak
- first_name: Andy D.
full_name: Goulding, Andy D.
last_name: Goulding
- first_name: Jenny E.
full_name: Greene, Jenny E.
last_name: Greene
- first_name: Gourav
full_name: Khullar, Gourav
last_name: Khullar
- first_name: Vasily
full_name: Kokorev, Vasily
last_name: Kokorev
- first_name: Mariska
full_name: Kriek, Mariska
last_name: Kriek
- first_name: Brian
full_name: Lorenz, Brian
last_name: Lorenz
- first_name: Danilo
full_name: Marchesini, Danilo
last_name: Marchesini
- first_name: Michael V.
full_name: Maseda, Michael V.
last_name: Maseda
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: Tim B.
full_name: Miller, Tim B.
last_name: Miller
- first_name: Ikki
full_name: Mitsuhashi, Ikki
last_name: Mitsuhashi
- first_name: Lamiya A.
full_name: Mowla, Lamiya A.
last_name: Mowla
- first_name: Adam
full_name: Muzzin, Adam
last_name: Muzzin
- first_name: Rohan P.
full_name: Naidu, Rohan P.
last_name: Naidu
- first_name: Themiya
full_name: Nanayakkara, Themiya
last_name: Nanayakkara
- first_name: Erica J.
full_name: Nelson, Erica J.
last_name: Nelson
- first_name: Pascal A.
full_name: Oesch, Pascal A.
last_name: Oesch
- first_name: David J.
full_name: Setton, David J.
last_name: Setton
- first_name: Heath
full_name: Shipley, Heath
last_name: Shipley
- first_name: Renske
full_name: Smit, Renske
last_name: Smit
- first_name: Justin S.
full_name: Spilker, Justin S.
last_name: Spilker
- first_name: Pieter
full_name: Van Dokkum, Pieter
last_name: Van Dokkum
- first_name: Adi
full_name: Zitrin, Adi
last_name: Zitrin
citation:
ama: 'Suess KA, Weaver JR, Price SH, et al. Medium bands, mega science: A JWST/NIRCam
medium-band imaging survey of A2744. Astrophysical Journal. 2024;976(1).
doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad75fe'
apa: 'Suess, K. A., Weaver, J. R., Price, S. H., Pan, R., Wang, B., Bezanson, R.,
… Zitrin, A. (2024). Medium bands, mega science: A JWST/NIRCam medium-band imaging
survey of A2744. Astrophysical Journal. IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad75fe'
chicago: 'Suess, Katherine A., John R. Weaver, Sedona H. Price, Richard Pan, Bingjie
Wang, Rachel Bezanson, Gabriel Brammer, et al. “Medium Bands, Mega Science: A
JWST/NIRCam Medium-Band Imaging Survey of A2744.” Astrophysical Journal.
IOP Publishing, 2024. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad75fe.'
ieee: 'K. A. Suess et al., “Medium bands, mega science: A JWST/NIRCam medium-band
imaging survey of A2744,” Astrophysical Journal, vol. 976, no. 1. IOP Publishing,
2024.'
ista: 'Suess KA, Weaver JR, Price SH, Pan R, Wang B, Bezanson R, Brammer G, Cutler
SE, Labbé I, Leja J, Williams CC, Whitaker KE, Atek H, Dayal P, De Graaff A, Feldmann
R, Franx M, Fudamoto Y, Fujimoto S, Furtak LJ, Goulding AD, Greene JE, Khullar
G, Kokorev V, Kriek M, Lorenz B, Marchesini D, Maseda MV, Matthee JJ, Miller TB,
Mitsuhashi I, Mowla LA, Muzzin A, Naidu RP, Nanayakkara T, Nelson EJ, Oesch PA,
Setton DJ, Shipley H, Smit R, Spilker JS, Van Dokkum P, Zitrin A. 2024. Medium
bands, mega science: A JWST/NIRCam medium-band imaging survey of A2744. Astrophysical
Journal. 976(1), 101.'
mla: 'Suess, Katherine A., et al. “Medium Bands, Mega Science: A JWST/NIRCam Medium-Band
Imaging Survey of A2744.” Astrophysical Journal, vol. 976, no. 1, 101,
IOP Publishing, 2024, doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad75fe.'
short: K.A. Suess, J.R. Weaver, S.H. Price, R. Pan, B. Wang, R. Bezanson, G. Brammer,
S.E. Cutler, I. Labbé, J. Leja, C.C. Williams, K.E. Whitaker, H. Atek, P. Dayal,
A. De Graaff, R. Feldmann, M. Franx, Y. Fudamoto, S. Fujimoto, L.J. Furtak, A.D.
Goulding, J.E. Greene, G. Khullar, V. Kokorev, M. Kriek, B. Lorenz, D. Marchesini,
M.V. Maseda, J.J. Matthee, T.B. Miller, I. Mitsuhashi, L.A. Mowla, A. Muzzin,
R.P. Naidu, T. Nanayakkara, E.J. Nelson, P.A. Oesch, D.J. Setton, H. Shipley,
R. Smit, J.S. Spilker, P. Van Dokkum, A. Zitrin, Astrophysical Journal 976 (2024).
date_created: 2024-11-24T23:01:48Z
date_published: 2024-11-14T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-09-09T11:40:09Z
day: '14'
ddc:
- '520'
department:
- _id: JoMa
doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/ad75fe
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2404.13132'
isi:
- '001355710500001'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: dcd854acee73ce998d70a4ce634ead6d
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2024-12-10T08:18:53Z
date_updated: 2024-12-10T08:18:53Z
file_id: '18640'
file_name: 2024_AstrophysicalJournal_Suess.pdf
file_size: 13352667
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2024-12-10T08:18:53Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 976'
isi: 1
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '11'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Astrophysical Journal
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1538-4357
issn:
- 0004-637X
publication_status: published
publisher: IOP Publishing
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Medium bands, mega science: A JWST/NIRCam medium-band imaging survey of A2744'
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 976
year: '2024'
...
---
DOAJ_listed: '1'
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
_id: '18585'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: We present the census of Hβ+[OIII] 4960,5008 Åemitters at 6.87 galaxies. We report a rapid decline
of the [OIII] luminosity density at z≳6−7 which cannot be explained by the evolution
of the cosmic star-formation rate density. Finally we find that FRESCO detects
in only 2h galaxies likely accounting for ∼10−20% of the ionising budget at z=7−8
(assuming an escape fraction of 10%), raising the prospect of directly detecting
a significant fraction of the sources of reionisation with JWST.
acknowledgement: "The authors thank the anonymous referee for comments and suggestions
which improved this paper. RAM thanks R. Kannan for sharing emission line luminosities
from THESAN and H. Katz for similar data from an early version of the SPHINX20 data
release (we use the final data release in this paper). The authors thank the CONGRESS
team for proposing and designing their program with a zero exclusive access period.\r\nRAM,
PA, ACP, and AW acknowledge support from the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF)
through project grant 200020_207349. PA, AW, EG, and MX acknowledge support from
the Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation (SERI) under
contract number MB22.00072. YF acknowledges support by JSPS KAKENHI grant number
JP22K21349 and JP23K13149. RPN acknowledges support for this work provided by NASA
through the NASA Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF2-51515.001-A awarded by the Space
Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities
for Research in Astronomy, Incorporated, under NASA contract NAS5-26555. MS acknowledges
support from the European Research Commission Grant 101088789 (SFEER), from the
CIDEGENT/2021/059 grant by Generalitat Valenciana, and from project PID2019-109592GB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033
by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación - Agencia Estatal de Investigación.
The Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN) is funded by the Danish National Research Foundation
under grant no. 140. Cloud-based data processing and file storage for this work
is provided by the AWS Cloud Credits for Research program. RJB and MS acknowledges
support from NWO grant TOP1.16.057.\r\nThis work is based on observations made with
the NASA/ESA/CSA JWST. The raw data were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for
Space Telescopes at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by
the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract
NAS 5-03127 for JWST. These observations are associated with JWST Cycle 1 GO program
#1895. Support for program JWST-GO-1895 was provided by NASA through a grant from
the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Associations of
Universities for Research in Astronomy, Incorporated, under NASA contract NAS5-26555."
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: R. A.
full_name: Meyer, R. A.
last_name: Meyer
- first_name: P. A.
full_name: Oesch, P. A.
last_name: Oesch
- first_name: E.
full_name: Giovinazzo, E.
last_name: Giovinazzo
- first_name: A.
full_name: Weibel, A.
last_name: Weibel
- first_name: G.
full_name: Brammer, G.
last_name: Brammer
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: R. P.
full_name: Naidu, R. P.
last_name: Naidu
- first_name: R. J.
full_name: Bouwens, R. J.
last_name: Bouwens
- first_name: J.
full_name: Chisholm, J.
last_name: Chisholm
- first_name: A.
full_name: Covelo-Paz, A.
last_name: Covelo-Paz
- first_name: Y.
full_name: Fudamoto, Y.
last_name: Fudamoto
- first_name: M.
full_name: Maseda, M.
last_name: Maseda
- first_name: E.
full_name: Nelson, E.
last_name: Nelson
- first_name: I.
full_name: Shivaei, I.
last_name: Shivaei
- first_name: M.
full_name: Xiao, M.
last_name: Xiao
- first_name: T.
full_name: Herard-Demanche, T.
last_name: Herard-Demanche
- first_name: G. D.
full_name: Illingworth, G. D.
last_name: Illingworth
- first_name: J.
full_name: Kerutt, J.
last_name: Kerutt
- first_name: Ivan
full_name: Kramarenko, Ivan
id: 9a9394cb-3200-11ee-973b-f5ba2a8b16e4
last_name: Kramarenko
orcid: 0000-0001-5346-6048
- first_name: I.
full_name: Labbe, I.
last_name: Labbe
- first_name: E.
full_name: Leonova, E.
last_name: Leonova
- first_name: D.
full_name: Magee, D.
last_name: Magee
- first_name: J.
full_name: Matharu, J.
last_name: Matharu
- first_name: G.
full_name: Prieto Lyon, G.
last_name: Prieto Lyon
- first_name: N.
full_name: Reddy, N.
last_name: Reddy
- first_name: D.
full_name: Schaerer, D.
last_name: Schaerer
- first_name: A.
full_name: Shapley, A.
last_name: Shapley
- first_name: M.
full_name: Stefanon, M.
last_name: Stefanon
- first_name: M. A.
full_name: Wozniak, M. A.
last_name: Wozniak
- first_name: S.
full_name: Wuyts, S.
last_name: Wuyts
citation:
ama: 'Meyer RA, Oesch PA, Giovinazzo E, et al. JWST FRESCO: A comprehensive census
of H β + [O iii] emitters at 6.8 < z < 9.0 in the GOODS fields. Monthly
Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2024;535(1):1067-1094. doi:10.1093/mnras/stae2353'
apa: 'Meyer, R. A., Oesch, P. A., Giovinazzo, E., Weibel, A., Brammer, G., Matthee,
J. J., … Wuyts, S. (2024). JWST FRESCO: A comprehensive census of H β + [O iii]
emitters at 6.8 < z < 9.0 in the GOODS fields. Monthly Notices of the
Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stae2353'
chicago: 'Meyer, R. A., P. A. Oesch, E. Giovinazzo, A. Weibel, G. Brammer, Jorryt
J Matthee, R. P. Naidu, et al. “JWST FRESCO: A Comprehensive Census of H β + [O
Iii] Emitters at 6.8 < z < 9.0 in the GOODS Fields.” Monthly Notices
of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University Press, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stae2353.'
ieee: 'R. A. Meyer et al., “JWST FRESCO: A comprehensive census of H β +
[O iii] emitters at 6.8 < z < 9.0 in the GOODS fields,” Monthly Notices
of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 535, no. 1. Oxford University Press,
pp. 1067–1094, 2024.'
ista: 'Meyer RA, Oesch PA, Giovinazzo E, Weibel A, Brammer G, Matthee JJ, Naidu
RP, Bouwens RJ, Chisholm J, Covelo-Paz A, Fudamoto Y, Maseda M, Nelson E, Shivaei
I, Xiao M, Herard-Demanche T, Illingworth GD, Kerutt J, Kramarenko I, Labbe I,
Leonova E, Magee D, Matharu J, Prieto Lyon G, Reddy N, Schaerer D, Shapley A,
Stefanon M, Wozniak MA, Wuyts S. 2024. JWST FRESCO: A comprehensive census of
H β + [O iii] emitters at 6.8 < z < 9.0 in the GOODS fields. Monthly Notices
of the Royal Astronomical Society. 535(1), 1067–1094.'
mla: 'Meyer, R. A., et al. “JWST FRESCO: A Comprehensive Census of H β + [O Iii]
Emitters at 6.8 < z < 9.0 in the GOODS Fields.” Monthly Notices of
the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 535, no. 1, Oxford University Press,
2024, pp. 1067–94, doi:10.1093/mnras/stae2353.'
short: R.A. Meyer, P.A. Oesch, E. Giovinazzo, A. Weibel, G. Brammer, J.J. Matthee,
R.P. Naidu, R.J. Bouwens, J. Chisholm, A. Covelo-Paz, Y. Fudamoto, M. Maseda,
E. Nelson, I. Shivaei, M. Xiao, T. Herard-Demanche, G.D. Illingworth, J. Kerutt,
I. Kramarenko, I. Labbe, E. Leonova, D. Magee, J. Matharu, G. Prieto Lyon, N.
Reddy, D. Schaerer, A. Shapley, M. Stefanon, M.A. Wozniak, S. Wuyts, Monthly Notices
of the Royal Astronomical Society 535 (2024) 1067–1094.
date_created: 2024-11-24T23:01:49Z
date_published: 2024-11-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-09-08T14:47:58Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '520'
department:
- _id: JoMa
doi: 10.1093/mnras/stae2353
external_id:
isi:
- '001348009500001'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: efe0ce3580e01459f3be78eb111b35a9
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2024-12-03T12:52:13Z
date_updated: 2024-12-03T12:52:13Z
file_id: '18613'
file_name: 2024_MonthlyNRoyalAstronSoc_Meyer.pdf
file_size: 29476699
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2024-12-03T12:52:13Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 535'
isi: 1
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '11'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 1067-1094
publication: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1365-2966
issn:
- 0035-8711
publication_status: published
publisher: Oxford University Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'JWST FRESCO: A comprehensive census of H β + [O iii] emitters at 6.8 < z <
9.0 in the GOODS fields'
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 535
year: '2024'
...
---
DOAJ_listed: '1'
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
_id: '18760'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: With the remarkable sensitivity and resolution of JWST in the infrared, measuring
rest-optical kinematics of galaxies at z > 5 has become possible for the first
time. This study pilots a new method for measuring galaxy dynamics for highly
multiplexed, unbiased samples by combining FRESCO NIRCam grism spectroscopy and
JADES medium-band imaging. Here we present one of the first JWST kinematic measurements
for a galaxy at z > 5. We find a significant velocity gradient, which, if interpreted
as rotation, yields Vrot = 305 ± 70 km s−1, and we hence refer to this galaxy
as Twister-z5. With a rest-frame optical effective radius of re = 2.25 kpc, the
high rotation velocity in this galaxy is not due to a compact size, as may be
expected in the early Universe, but rather to a high total mass, (math formula).
This is a factor of roughly 10× higher than the stellar mass within re. We also
observe that the radial Hα equivalent width profile and the specific star formation
rate map from resolved stellar population modeling are centrally depressed by
a factor of ∼1.5 from the center to re. Combined with the morphology of the line-emitting
gas in comparison to the continuum, this centrally suppressed star formation is
consistent with a star-forming disk surrounding a bulge growing inside out. While
large, rapidly rotating disks are common to z ∼ 2, the existence of one after
only 1 Gyr of cosmic time, shown for the first time in ionized gas, adds to the
growing evidence that some galaxies matured earlier than expected in the history
of the Universe.
acknowledgement: We thank the reviewer and editorial staff for their excellent feedback
and effort—the manuscript is much stronger as a result. Support for this work was
provided by NASA through grant JWST-GO-01895 awarded by the Space Telescope Science
Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in
Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555. H.Ü. gratefully acknowledges support
by the Isaac Newton Trust and by the Kavli Foundation through a Newton-Kavli Junior
Fellowship. This work has received funding from the Swiss State Secretariat for
Education, Research and Innovation (SERI) under contract No. MB22.00072, as well
as from the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) through project grant 200020_207349.
The Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN) is funded by the Danish National Research Foundation
under grant No. 140. R.S. acknowledges an STFC Ernest Rutherford Fellowship (ST/S004831/1).
R.P.N. acknowledges support for this work provided by NASA through the NASA Hubble
Fellowship grant HST-HF2-51515.001-A awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute,
which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy,
Inc., under NASA contract NAS5-26555. M.V.M. acknowledges support from the National
Science Foundation via AAG grant 2205519 and the Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation
via grant MSN251397. R.M. also acknowledges funding from a research professorship
from the Royal Society. A.J.B., A.J.C., and G.C.J. acknowledge funding from the
"FirstGalaxies" Advanced Grant from the European Research Council (ERC) under the
European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement No.
789056). I.L. acknowledges support by the Australian Research Council through Future
Fellowship FT220100798. D.J.E. is supported as a Simons Investigator and by a JWST/NIRCam
contract to the University of Arizona, NAS5-02015. R.M., J.W., L.S., and W.B. acknowledge
support by the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), the ERC through
advanced grant 695671 "QUENCH," and the UKRI Frontier Research grant RISEandFALL.
B.E.R. acknowledges support from the NIRCam Science Team contract to the University
of Arizona, NAS5-02015. The research of C.C.W. is supported by NOIRLab, which is
managed by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under
a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. The HST and JWST image
mosaics of the FRESCO fields are released at MAST as a High Level Science Product
(P. Oesch & D. Magee 2023).
article_number: L27
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: letter_note
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Erica
full_name: Nelson, Erica
last_name: Nelson
- first_name: Gabriel
full_name: Brammer, Gabriel
last_name: Brammer
- first_name: Clara
full_name: Giménez-Arteaga, Clara
last_name: Giménez-Arteaga
- first_name: Pascal A.
full_name: Oesch, Pascal A.
last_name: Oesch
- first_name: Rohan P.
full_name: Naidu, Rohan P.
last_name: Naidu
- first_name: Hannah
full_name: Übler, Hannah
last_name: Übler
- first_name: Jasleen
full_name: Matharu, Jasleen
last_name: Matharu
- first_name: Alice E.
full_name: Shapley, Alice E.
last_name: Shapley
- first_name: Katherine E.
full_name: Whitaker, Katherine E.
last_name: Whitaker
- first_name: Emily
full_name: Wisnioski, Emily
last_name: Wisnioski
- first_name: Natascha M.
full_name: Förster Schreiber, Natascha M.
last_name: Förster Schreiber
- first_name: Renske
full_name: Smit, Renske
last_name: Smit
- first_name: Pieter
full_name: Van Dokkum, Pieter
last_name: Van Dokkum
- first_name: John
full_name: Chisholm, John
last_name: Chisholm
- first_name: Ryan
full_name: Endsley, Ryan
last_name: Endsley
- first_name: Abigail I.
full_name: Hartley, Abigail I.
last_name: Hartley
- first_name: Justus
full_name: Gibson, Justus
last_name: Gibson
- first_name: Emma
full_name: Giovinazzo, Emma
last_name: Giovinazzo
- first_name: Garth
full_name: Illingworth, Garth
last_name: Illingworth
- first_name: Ivo
full_name: Labbe, Ivo
last_name: Labbe
- first_name: Michael V.
full_name: Maseda, Michael V.
last_name: Maseda
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: Alba
full_name: Covelo Paz, Alba
last_name: Covelo Paz
- first_name: Sedona H.
full_name: Price, Sedona H.
last_name: Price
- first_name: Naveen A.
full_name: Reddy, Naveen A.
last_name: Reddy
- first_name: Irene
full_name: Shivaei, Irene
last_name: Shivaei
- first_name: Andrea
full_name: Weibel, Andrea
last_name: Weibel
- first_name: Stijn
full_name: Wuyts, Stijn
last_name: Wuyts
- first_name: Mengyuan
full_name: Xiao, Mengyuan
last_name: Xiao
- first_name: Stacey
full_name: Alberts, Stacey
last_name: Alberts
- first_name: William M.
full_name: Baker, William M.
last_name: Baker
- first_name: Andrew J.
full_name: Bunker, Andrew J.
last_name: Bunker
- first_name: Alex J.
full_name: Cameron, Alex J.
last_name: Cameron
- first_name: Stephane
full_name: Charlot, Stephane
last_name: Charlot
- first_name: Daniel J.
full_name: Eisenstein, Daniel J.
last_name: Eisenstein
- first_name: Anna
full_name: De Graaff, Anna
last_name: De Graaff
- first_name: Zhiyuan
full_name: Ji, Zhiyuan
last_name: Ji
- first_name: Benjamin D.
full_name: Johnson, Benjamin D.
last_name: Johnson
- first_name: Gareth C.
full_name: Jones, Gareth C.
last_name: Jones
- first_name: Roberto
full_name: Maiolino, Roberto
last_name: Maiolino
- first_name: Brant
full_name: Robertson, Brant
last_name: Robertson
- first_name: Lester
full_name: Sandles, Lester
last_name: Sandles
- first_name: Katherine A.
full_name: Suess, Katherine A.
last_name: Suess
- first_name: Sandro
full_name: Tacchella, Sandro
last_name: Tacchella
- first_name: Christina C.
full_name: Williams, Christina C.
last_name: Williams
- first_name: Joris
full_name: Witstok, Joris
last_name: Witstok
citation:
ama: 'Nelson E, Brammer G, Giménez-Arteaga C, et al. Ionized gas kinematics with
FRESCO: An extended, massive, rapidly rotating galaxy at z = 5.4. Astrophysical
Journal Letters. 2024;976(2). doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ad7b17'
apa: 'Nelson, E., Brammer, G., Giménez-Arteaga, C., Oesch, P. A., Naidu, R. P.,
Übler, H., … Witstok, J. (2024). Ionized gas kinematics with FRESCO: An extended,
massive, rapidly rotating galaxy at z = 5.4. Astrophysical Journal Letters.
IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ad7b17'
chicago: 'Nelson, Erica, Gabriel Brammer, Clara Giménez-Arteaga, Pascal A. Oesch,
Rohan P. Naidu, Hannah Übler, Jasleen Matharu, et al. “Ionized Gas Kinematics
with FRESCO: An Extended, Massive, Rapidly Rotating Galaxy at z = 5.4.” Astrophysical
Journal Letters. IOP Publishing, 2024. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ad7b17.'
ieee: 'E. Nelson et al., “Ionized gas kinematics with FRESCO: An extended,
massive, rapidly rotating galaxy at z = 5.4,” Astrophysical Journal Letters,
vol. 976, no. 2. IOP Publishing, 2024.'
ista: 'Nelson E, Brammer G, Giménez-Arteaga C, Oesch PA, Naidu RP, Übler H, Matharu
J, Shapley AE, Whitaker KE, Wisnioski E, Förster Schreiber NM, Smit R, Van Dokkum
P, Chisholm J, Endsley R, Hartley AI, Gibson J, Giovinazzo E, Illingworth G, Labbe
I, Maseda MV, Matthee JJ, Covelo Paz A, Price SH, Reddy NA, Shivaei I, Weibel
A, Wuyts S, Xiao M, Alberts S, Baker WM, Bunker AJ, Cameron AJ, Charlot S, Eisenstein
DJ, De Graaff A, Ji Z, Johnson BD, Jones GC, Maiolino R, Robertson B, Sandles
L, Suess KA, Tacchella S, Williams CC, Witstok J. 2024. Ionized gas kinematics
with FRESCO: An extended, massive, rapidly rotating galaxy at z = 5.4. Astrophysical
Journal Letters. 976(2), L27.'
mla: 'Nelson, Erica, et al. “Ionized Gas Kinematics with FRESCO: An Extended, Massive,
Rapidly Rotating Galaxy at z = 5.4.” Astrophysical Journal Letters, vol.
976, no. 2, L27, IOP Publishing, 2024, doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ad7b17.'
short: E. Nelson, G. Brammer, C. Giménez-Arteaga, P.A. Oesch, R.P. Naidu, H. Übler,
J. Matharu, A.E. Shapley, K.E. Whitaker, E. Wisnioski, N.M. Förster Schreiber,
R. Smit, P. Van Dokkum, J. Chisholm, R. Endsley, A.I. Hartley, J. Gibson, E. Giovinazzo,
G. Illingworth, I. Labbe, M.V. Maseda, J.J. Matthee, A. Covelo Paz, S.H. Price,
N.A. Reddy, I. Shivaei, A. Weibel, S. Wuyts, M. Xiao, S. Alberts, W.M. Baker,
A.J. Bunker, A.J. Cameron, S. Charlot, D.J. Eisenstein, A. De Graaff, Z. Ji, B.D.
Johnson, G.C. Jones, R. Maiolino, B. Robertson, L. Sandles, K.A. Suess, S. Tacchella,
C.C. Williams, J. Witstok, Astrophysical Journal Letters 976 (2024).
date_created: 2025-01-05T23:01:58Z
date_published: 2024-12-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-09-09T11:58:02Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '520'
department:
- _id: JoMa
doi: 10.3847/2041-8213/ad7b17
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2310.06887'
isi:
- '001364636000001'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 5c7320196586b4340e55f215d8737185
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2025-01-08T08:18:39Z
date_updated: 2025-01-08T08:18:39Z
file_id: '18771'
file_name: 2024_AstrophysicalJour_Nelson.pdf
file_size: 1822989
relation: main_file
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file_date_updated: 2025-01-08T08:18:39Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 976'
isi: 1
issue: '2'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Astrophysical Journal Letters
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2041-8213
issn:
- 2041-8205
publication_status: published
publisher: IOP Publishing
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Ionized gas kinematics with FRESCO: An extended, massive, rapidly rotating
galaxy at z = 5.4'
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 976
year: '2024'
...
---
DOAJ_listed: '1'
_id: '14852'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The physical conditions giving rise to high escape fractions of ionizing radiation
(LyC fesc) in star-forming galaxies – most likely protagonists of cosmic reionization
– are not yet fully understood. Using the VLT/MUSE observations of ∼1400 Ly α
emitters at 2.9 < z < 6.7, we compare stacked rest-frame UV spectra
of candidates for LyC leakers and non-leakers selected based on their Ly α profiles.
We find that the stacks of potential LyC leakers, i.e. galaxies with narrow, symmetric
Ly α profiles with small peak separation, generally show (i) strong nebular O iii]λ1666,
[Si iii]λ1883, and [C iii]λ1907 +C iii]λ1909 emission, indicating a high-ionization
state of the interstellar medium (ISM); (ii) high equivalent widths of He iiλ1640
(∼1 − 3 Å), suggesting the presence of hard ionizing radiation fields; (iii) Si ii*λ1533
emission, revealing substantial amounts of neutral hydrogen off the line of sight;
(iv) high C ivλλ1548,1550 to [C iii]λ1907 +C iii]λ1909 ratios (C iv/C iii] ≳0.75)
, signalling the presence of low column density channels in the ISM. In contrast,
the stacks with broad, asymmetric Ly α profiles with large peak separation show
weak nebular emission lines, low He iiλ1640 equivalent widths (≲1 Å), and low
C iv/C iii] (≲0.25), implying low-ionization states and high-neutral hydrogen
column densities. Our results suggest that C iv/C iii] might be sensitive to the
physical conditions that govern LyC photon escape, providing a promising tool
for identification of ionizing sources among star-forming galaxies in the epoch
of reionization.
acknowledgement: 'We thank the anonymous referee for the constructive feedback that
helped to improve the manuscript. We thank Michael Maseda, Daniel Schaerer, Charlotte
Simmonds, and Rashmi Gottumukkala for useful comments and productive discussions.
We also thank the organizers and participants of the 24th MUSE Science Busy Week
in Leiden. IGK acknowledges an Excellence Master Fellowship granted by the Faculty
of Science of the University of Geneva. This work has received funding from the
Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation (SERI) under contract
number MB22.00072, as well as from the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF)
through project grant number 200020_207349 and SNSF Professorship grant number 190079.
The Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN) is funded by the Danish National Research Foundation
under grant number 140. This paper is based on observations collected at the European
Organisation for Astronomical Research in the Southern Hemisphere under ESO programmes
094.A-0289(B), 095.A-0010(A), 096.A-0045(A), 096.A-0045(B), 094.A-0205, 095.A-0240,
096.A-0090, 097.A-0160, and 098.A-0017. We made extensive use of several open-source
software packages and we are thankful to the respective authors for sharing their
work: NUMPY (Harris et al. 2020), ASTROPY (Astropy Collaboration 2022), MATPLOTLIB
(Hunter 2007), IPYTHON (Perez & Granger 2007), and TOPCAT (Taylor 2005).'
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Ivan
full_name: Kramarenko, Ivan
id: 9a9394cb-3200-11ee-973b-f5ba2a8b16e4
last_name: Kramarenko
orcid: 0000-0001-5346-6048
- first_name: J
full_name: Kerutt, J
last_name: Kerutt
- first_name: A
full_name: Verhamme, A
last_name: Verhamme
- first_name: P A
full_name: Oesch, P A
last_name: Oesch
- first_name: L
full_name: Barrufet, L
last_name: Barrufet
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: H
full_name: Kusakabe, H
last_name: Kusakabe
- first_name: I
full_name: Goovaerts, I
last_name: Goovaerts
- first_name: T T
full_name: Thai, T T
last_name: Thai
citation:
ama: Kramarenko I, Kerutt J, Verhamme A, et al. Linking UV spectral properties of
MUSE Ly α emitters at z ≳ 3 to Lyman continuum escape. Monthly Notices
of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2024;527(4):9853-9871. doi:10.1093/mnras/stad3853
apa: Kramarenko, I., Kerutt, J., Verhamme, A., Oesch, P. A., Barrufet, L., Matthee,
J. J., … Thai, T. T. (2024). Linking UV spectral properties of MUSE Ly α emitters
at z ≳ 3 to Lyman continuum escape. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical
Society. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stad3853
chicago: Kramarenko, Ivan, J Kerutt, A Verhamme, P A Oesch, L Barrufet, Jorryt J
Matthee, H Kusakabe, I Goovaerts, and T T Thai. “Linking UV Spectral Properties
of MUSE Ly α Emitters at z ≳ 3 to Lyman Continuum Escape.” Monthly Notices
of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University Press, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stad3853.
ieee: I. Kramarenko et al., “Linking UV spectral properties of MUSE Ly α
emitters at z ≳ 3 to Lyman continuum escape,” Monthly Notices of the
Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 527, no. 4. Oxford University Press, pp.
9853–9871, 2024.
ista: Kramarenko I, Kerutt J, Verhamme A, Oesch PA, Barrufet L, Matthee JJ, Kusakabe
H, Goovaerts I, Thai TT. 2024. Linking UV spectral properties of MUSE Ly α emitters
at z ≳ 3 to Lyman continuum escape. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical
Society. 527(4), 9853–9871.
mla: Kramarenko, Ivan, et al. “Linking UV Spectral Properties of MUSE Ly α Emitters
at z ≳ 3 to Lyman Continuum Escape.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical
Society, vol. 527, no. 4, Oxford University Press, 2024, pp. 9853–71, doi:10.1093/mnras/stad3853.
short: I. Kramarenko, J. Kerutt, A. Verhamme, P.A. Oesch, L. Barrufet, J.J. Matthee,
H. Kusakabe, I. Goovaerts, T.T. Thai, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical
Society 527 (2024) 9853–9871.
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2024-01-22T08:22:17Z
date_published: 2024-02-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-09-04T11:51:50Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '520'
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: JoMa
doi: 10.1093/mnras/stad3853
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2305.07044'
isi:
- '001133672400004'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 9d02df4035c4951cf63dee0db1e462e9
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2024-01-23T12:30:45Z
date_updated: 2024-01-23T12:30:45Z
file_id: '14879'
file_name: 2024_MNAstronomSoc_Kramarenko.pdf
file_size: 4521738
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2024-01-23T12:30:45Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 527'
isi: 1
issue: '4'
keyword:
- Space and Planetary Science
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
language:
- iso: eng
month: '02'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 9853-9871
publication: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1365-2966
issn:
- 0035-8711
publication_status: published
publisher: Oxford University Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Linking UV spectral properties of MUSE Ly α emitters at z ≳ 3 to Lyman
continuum escape
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 527
year: '2024'
...
---
DOAJ_listed: '1'
_id: '15170'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'The James Webb Space Telescope is revealing a new population of dust-reddened
broad-line active galactic nuclei (AGN) at redshifts z ≳ 5. Here we present deep
NIRSpec/Prism spectroscopy from the Cycle 1 Treasury program Ultradeep NIRSpec
and NIRCam ObserVations before the Epoch of Reionization (UNCOVER) of 15 AGN candidates
selected to be compact, with red continua in the rest-frame optical but with blue
slopes in the UV. From NIRCam photometry alone, they could have been dominated
by dusty star formation or an AGN. Here we show that the majority of the compact
red sources in UNCOVER are dust-reddened AGN: 60% show definitive evidence for
broad-line Hα with a FWHM > 2000 km s −1, 20% of the current data are inconclusive,
and 20% are brown dwarf stars. We propose an updated photometric criterion to
select red z > 5 AGN that excludes brown dwarfs and is expected to yield >80%
AGN. Remarkably, among all zphot > 5 galaxies with F277W – F444W > 1 in UNCOVER
at least 33% are AGN regardless of compactness, climbing to at least 80% AGN for
sources with F277W – F444W > 1.6. The confirmed AGN have black hole masses of
107–109M⊙. While their UV luminosities (−16 > MUV > −20 AB mag) are low compared
to UV-selected AGN at these epochs, consistent with percent-level scattered AGN
light or low levels of unobscured star formation, the inferred bolometric luminosities
are typical of 107–109M⊙ black holes radiating at ∼10%–40% the Eddington limit.
The number densities are surprisingly high at ∼10−5 Mpc−3 mag−1, 100 times more
common than the faintest UV-selected quasars, while accounting for ∼1% of the
UV-selected galaxies. While their UV faintness suggests they may not contribute
strongly to reionization, their ubiquity poses challenges to models of black hole
growth.'
acknowledgement: J.E.G. and A.D.G acknowledge support from NSF/AAG grant No. 1007094,
and J.E.G. also acknowledges support from NSF/AAG grant No. 1007052. A.Z. acknowledges
support by grant No. 2020750 from the United States-Israel Binational Science Foundation
(BSF) and grant No. 2109066 from the United States National Science Foundation (NSF),
and by the Ministry of Science & Technology of Israel. The Cosmic Dawn Center is
funded by the Danish National Research Foundation (DNRF) under grant No. 140. This
work has received funding from the Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research
and Innovation (SERI) under contract number MB22.00072, as well as from the Swiss
National Science Foundation (SNSF) through project grant 200020_207349. P.D. acknowledges
support from the NWO grant 016.VIDI.189.162 ("ODIN") and from the European Commission's
and University of Groningen's CO-FUND Rosalind Franklin program. K.G. and T.N. acknowledge
support from Australian Research Council Laureate Fellowship FL180100060. H.A. and
I.C. acknowledge support from CNES, focused on the JWST mission, and the Programme
National Cosmology and Galaxies (PNCG) of CNRS/INSU with INP and IN2P3, cofunded
by CEA and CNES. R.P.N. acknowledges funding from JWST programs GO-1933 and GO-2279.
Support for this work was provided by NASA through the NASA Hubble Fellowship grant
HST-HF2-51515.001-A awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated
by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Incorporated, under
NASA contract NAS5-26555. The research of C.C.W. is supported by NOIRLab, which
is managed by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under
a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. B.W. acknowledges
support from JWST-GO-02561.022-A. A.J.B. acknowledges funding support from NASA/ADAP
grant 21-ADAP21-0187. Support for this work was provided by The Brinson Foundation
through a Brinson Prize Fellowship grant. R.P.N. acknowledges support for this work
provided by NASA through the NASA Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF2-51515.001-A awarded
by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of
Universities for Research in Astronomy, Incorporated, under NASA contract NAS5-26555.
C.P. thanks Marsha and Ralph Schilling for the generous support of this research.
article_number: '39'
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Jenny E.
full_name: Greene, Jenny E.
last_name: Greene
- first_name: Ivo
full_name: Labbe, Ivo
last_name: Labbe
- first_name: Andy D.
full_name: Goulding, Andy D.
last_name: Goulding
- first_name: Lukas J.
full_name: Furtak, Lukas J.
last_name: Furtak
- first_name: Iryna
full_name: Chemerynska, Iryna
last_name: Chemerynska
- first_name: Vasily
full_name: Kokorev, Vasily
last_name: Kokorev
- first_name: Pratika
full_name: Dayal, Pratika
last_name: Dayal
- first_name: Marta
full_name: Volonteri, Marta
last_name: Volonteri
- first_name: Christina C.
full_name: Williams, Christina C.
last_name: Williams
- first_name: Bingjie
full_name: Wang, Bingjie
last_name: Wang
- first_name: David J.
full_name: Setton, David J.
last_name: Setton
- first_name: Adam J.
full_name: Burgasser, Adam J.
last_name: Burgasser
- first_name: Rachel
full_name: Bezanson, Rachel
last_name: Bezanson
- first_name: Hakim
full_name: Atek, Hakim
last_name: Atek
- first_name: Gabriel
full_name: Brammer, Gabriel
last_name: Brammer
- first_name: Sam E.
full_name: Cutler, Sam E.
last_name: Cutler
- first_name: Robert
full_name: Feldmann, Robert
last_name: Feldmann
- first_name: Seiji
full_name: Fujimoto, Seiji
last_name: Fujimoto
- first_name: Karl
full_name: Glazebrook, Karl
last_name: Glazebrook
- first_name: Anna
full_name: De Graaff, Anna
last_name: De Graaff
- first_name: Gourav
full_name: Khullar, Gourav
last_name: Khullar
- first_name: Joel
full_name: Leja, Joel
last_name: Leja
- first_name: Danilo
full_name: Marchesini, Danilo
last_name: Marchesini
- first_name: Michael V.
full_name: Maseda, Michael V.
last_name: Maseda
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: Tim B.
full_name: Miller, Tim B.
last_name: Miller
- first_name: Rohan P.
full_name: Naidu, Rohan P.
last_name: Naidu
- first_name: Themiya
full_name: Nanayakkara, Themiya
last_name: Nanayakkara
- first_name: Pascal A.
full_name: Oesch, Pascal A.
last_name: Oesch
- first_name: Richard
full_name: Pan, Richard
last_name: Pan
- first_name: Casey
full_name: Papovich, Casey
last_name: Papovich
- first_name: Sedona H.
full_name: Price, Sedona H.
last_name: Price
- first_name: Pieter
full_name: Van Dokkum, Pieter
last_name: Van Dokkum
- first_name: John R.
full_name: Weaver, John R.
last_name: Weaver
- first_name: Katherine E.
full_name: Whitaker, Katherine E.
last_name: Whitaker
- first_name: Adi
full_name: Zitrin, Adi
last_name: Zitrin
citation:
ama: Greene JE, Labbe I, Goulding AD, et al. UNCOVER spectroscopy confirms the surprising
ubiquity of active galactic nuclei in red sources at z > 5. Astrophysical
Journal. 2024;964. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad1e5f
apa: Greene, J. E., Labbe, I., Goulding, A. D., Furtak, L. J., Chemerynska, I.,
Kokorev, V., … Zitrin, A. (2024). UNCOVER spectroscopy confirms the surprising
ubiquity of active galactic nuclei in red sources at z > 5. Astrophysical
Journal. IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad1e5f
chicago: Greene, Jenny E., Ivo Labbe, Andy D. Goulding, Lukas J. Furtak, Iryna Chemerynska,
Vasily Kokorev, Pratika Dayal, et al. “UNCOVER Spectroscopy Confirms the Surprising
Ubiquity of Active Galactic Nuclei in Red Sources at z > 5.” Astrophysical
Journal. IOP Publishing, 2024. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad1e5f.
ieee: J. E. Greene et al., “UNCOVER spectroscopy confirms the surprising
ubiquity of active galactic nuclei in red sources at z > 5,” Astrophysical
Journal, vol. 964. IOP Publishing, 2024.
ista: Greene JE, Labbe I, Goulding AD, Furtak LJ, Chemerynska I, Kokorev V, Dayal
P, Volonteri M, Williams CC, Wang B, Setton DJ, Burgasser AJ, Bezanson R, Atek
H, Brammer G, Cutler SE, Feldmann R, Fujimoto S, Glazebrook K, De Graaff A, Khullar
G, Leja J, Marchesini D, Maseda MV, Matthee JJ, Miller TB, Naidu RP, Nanayakkara
T, Oesch PA, Pan R, Papovich C, Price SH, Van Dokkum P, Weaver JR, Whitaker KE,
Zitrin A. 2024. UNCOVER spectroscopy confirms the surprising ubiquity of active
galactic nuclei in red sources at z > 5. Astrophysical Journal. 964, 39.
mla: Greene, Jenny E., et al. “UNCOVER Spectroscopy Confirms the Surprising Ubiquity
of Active Galactic Nuclei in Red Sources at z > 5.” Astrophysical Journal,
vol. 964, 39, IOP Publishing, 2024, doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad1e5f.
short: J.E. Greene, I. Labbe, A.D. Goulding, L.J. Furtak, I. Chemerynska, V. Kokorev,
P. Dayal, M. Volonteri, C.C. Williams, B. Wang, D.J. Setton, A.J. Burgasser, R.
Bezanson, H. Atek, G. Brammer, S.E. Cutler, R. Feldmann, S. Fujimoto, K. Glazebrook,
A. De Graaff, G. Khullar, J. Leja, D. Marchesini, M.V. Maseda, J.J. Matthee, T.B.
Miller, R.P. Naidu, T. Nanayakkara, P.A. Oesch, R. Pan, C. Papovich, S.H. Price,
P. Van Dokkum, J.R. Weaver, K.E. Whitaker, A. Zitrin, Astrophysical Journal 964
(2024).
date_created: 2024-03-24T23:00:59Z
date_published: 2024-03-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-09-04T13:09:41Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '550'
department:
- _id: JoMa
doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/ad1e5f
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2309.05714'
isi:
- '001184746500001'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 389a880e176799d5c062ea7cb82d08c9
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2024-03-25T08:02:43Z
date_updated: 2024-03-25T08:02:43Z
file_id: '15176'
file_name: 2024_AstrophysicalJourn_Greene.pdf
file_size: 2700137
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2024-03-25T08:02:43Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 964'
isi: 1
language:
- iso: eng
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Astrophysical Journal
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1538-4357
issn:
- 0004-637X
publication_status: published
publisher: IOP Publishing
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: UNCOVER spectroscopy confirms the surprising ubiquity of active galactic nuclei
in red sources at z > 5
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 964
year: '2024'
...
---
APC_amount: 5666,27 EUR
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
_id: '15180'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Characterizing the prevalence and properties of faint active galactic nuclei
(AGNs) in the early Universe is key for understanding the formation of supermassive
black holes (SMBHs) and determining their role in cosmic reionization. We perform
a spectroscopic search for broad Hα emitters at z ≈ 4–6 using deep JWST/NIRCam
imaging and wide field slitless spectroscopy from the EIGER and FRESCO surveys.
We identify 20 Hα lines at z = 4.2–5.5 that have broad components with line widths
from ∼1200–3700 km s−1, contributing ∼30%–90% of the total line flux. We interpret
these broad components as being powered by accretion onto SMBHs with implied masses
∼107–8M⊙. In the UV luminosity range MUV,AGN+host = −21 to −18, we measure number
densities of ≈10−5 cMpc−3. This is an order of magnitude higher than expected
from extrapolating quasar UV luminosity functions (LFs). Yet, such AGN are found
in only <1% of star-forming galaxies at z ∼ 5. The number density discrepancy
is much lower when compared to the broad Hα LF. The SMBH mass function agrees
with large cosmological simulations. In two objects, we detect complex Hα profiles
that we tentatively interpret as caused by absorption signatures from dense gas
fueling SMBH growth and outflows. We may be witnessing early AGN feedback that
will clear dust-free pathways through which more massive blue quasars are seen.
We uncover a strong correlation between reddening and the fraction of total galaxy
luminosity arising from faint AGN. This implies that early SMBH growth is highly
obscured and that faint AGN are only minor contributors to cosmic reionization.
acknowledgement: "We thank the anonymous referee for constructive comments that helped
improve the manuscript. This work is based on observations made with the NASA/ESA/CSA
James Webb Space Telescope. The data were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for
Space Telescopes at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by
the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract
NAS 5-03127 for JWST. These observations are associated with program Nos. 1243 and
1895. The specific observations analyzed can be accessed via doi:10.17909/4xx0-zj76.
Funded by the European Union (ERC, AGENTS, 101076224). Views and opinions expressed
are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of
the European Union or the European Research Council. Neither the European Union
nor the granting authority can be held responsible for them. R.P.N. acknowledges
funding from JWST programs GO-1933 and GO-2279. Support for this work for R.P.N.
was provided by NASA through the NASA Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF2-51515.001-A
awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association
of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Incorporated, under NASA contract NAS5-26555.
Support for this work for G.I. was provided by NASA through grant JWST-GO-01895
awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association
of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555.
This work has received funding from the Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research
and Innovation (SERI) under contract No. MB22.00072, as well as from the Swiss National
Science Foundation (SNSF) through project grant 200020_207349. The Cosmic Dawn Center
(DAWN) is funded by the Danish National Research Foundation under grant No. 140.\r\nFacility:
JWST - James Webb Space Telescope, HST - Hubble Space Telescope satellite\r\nSoftware:
Python, matplotlib (Hunter 2007), numpy (Harris et al. 2020), scipy (Virtanen et
al. 2020), Astropy (Astropy Collaboration et al. 2013, 2018), Imfit (Erwin 2015)."
article_number: '129'
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: Rohan P.
full_name: Naidu, Rohan P.
last_name: Naidu
- first_name: Gabriel
full_name: Brammer, Gabriel
last_name: Brammer
- first_name: John
full_name: Chisholm, John
last_name: Chisholm
- first_name: Anna-Christina
full_name: Eilers, Anna-Christina
last_name: Eilers
- first_name: Andy
full_name: Goulding, Andy
last_name: Goulding
- first_name: Jenny
full_name: Greene, Jenny
last_name: Greene
- first_name: Daichi
full_name: Kashino, Daichi
last_name: Kashino
- first_name: Ivo
full_name: Labbe, Ivo
last_name: Labbe
- first_name: Simon J.
full_name: Lilly, Simon J.
last_name: Lilly
- first_name: Ruari
full_name: Mackenzie, Ruari
last_name: Mackenzie
- first_name: Pascal A.
full_name: Oesch, Pascal A.
last_name: Oesch
- first_name: Andrea
full_name: Weibel, Andrea
last_name: Weibel
- first_name: Stijn
full_name: Wuyts, Stijn
last_name: Wuyts
- first_name: Mengyuan
full_name: Xiao, Mengyuan
last_name: Xiao
- first_name: Rongmon
full_name: Bordoloi, Rongmon
last_name: Bordoloi
- first_name: Rychard
full_name: Bouwens, Rychard
last_name: Bouwens
- first_name: Pieter
full_name: van Dokkum, Pieter
last_name: van Dokkum
- first_name: Garth
full_name: Illingworth, Garth
last_name: Illingworth
- first_name: Ivan
full_name: Kramarenko, Ivan
last_name: Kramarenko
- first_name: Michael V.
full_name: Maseda, Michael V.
last_name: Maseda
- first_name: Charlotte
full_name: Mason, Charlotte
last_name: Mason
- first_name: Romain A.
full_name: Meyer, Romain A.
last_name: Meyer
- first_name: Erica J.
full_name: Nelson, Erica J.
last_name: Nelson
- first_name: Naveen A.
full_name: Reddy, Naveen A.
last_name: Reddy
- first_name: Irene
full_name: Shivaei, Irene
last_name: Shivaei
- first_name: Robert A.
full_name: Simcoe, Robert A.
last_name: Simcoe
- first_name: Minghao
full_name: Yue, Minghao
last_name: Yue
citation:
ama: 'Matthee JJ, Naidu RP, Brammer G, et al. Little Red Dots: An abundant population
of faint active galactic nuclei at z ∼ 5 revealed by the EIGER and FRESCO JWST
surveys. The Astrophysical Journal. 2024;963(2). doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad2345'
apa: 'Matthee, J. J., Naidu, R. P., Brammer, G., Chisholm, J., Eilers, A.-C., Goulding,
A., … Yue, M. (2024). Little Red Dots: An abundant population of faint active
galactic nuclei at z ∼ 5 revealed by the EIGER and FRESCO JWST surveys. The
Astrophysical Journal. American Astronomical Society. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad2345'
chicago: 'Matthee, Jorryt J, Rohan P. Naidu, Gabriel Brammer, John Chisholm, Anna-Christina
Eilers, Andy Goulding, Jenny Greene, et al. “Little Red Dots: An Abundant Population
of Faint Active Galactic Nuclei at z ∼ 5 Revealed by the EIGER and FRESCO JWST
Surveys.” The Astrophysical Journal. American Astronomical Society, 2024.
https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad2345.'
ieee: 'J. J. Matthee et al., “Little Red Dots: An abundant population of
faint active galactic nuclei at z ∼ 5 revealed by the EIGER and FRESCO JWST surveys,”
The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 963, no. 2. American Astronomical Society,
2024.'
ista: 'Matthee JJ, Naidu RP, Brammer G, Chisholm J, Eilers A-C, Goulding A, Greene
J, Kashino D, Labbe I, Lilly SJ, Mackenzie R, Oesch PA, Weibel A, Wuyts S, Xiao
M, Bordoloi R, Bouwens R, van Dokkum P, Illingworth G, Kramarenko I, Maseda MV,
Mason C, Meyer RA, Nelson EJ, Reddy NA, Shivaei I, Simcoe RA, Yue M. 2024. Little
Red Dots: An abundant population of faint active galactic nuclei at z ∼ 5 revealed
by the EIGER and FRESCO JWST surveys. The Astrophysical Journal. 963(2), 129.'
mla: 'Matthee, Jorryt J., et al. “Little Red Dots: An Abundant Population of Faint
Active Galactic Nuclei at z ∼ 5 Revealed by the EIGER and FRESCO JWST Surveys.”
The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 963, no. 2, 129, American Astronomical
Society, 2024, doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad2345.'
short: J.J. Matthee, R.P. Naidu, G. Brammer, J. Chisholm, A.-C. Eilers, A. Goulding,
J. Greene, D. Kashino, I. Labbe, S.J. Lilly, R. Mackenzie, P.A. Oesch, A. Weibel,
S. Wuyts, M. Xiao, R. Bordoloi, R. Bouwens, P. van Dokkum, G. Illingworth, I.
Kramarenko, M.V. Maseda, C. Mason, R.A. Meyer, E.J. Nelson, N.A. Reddy, I. Shivaei,
R.A. Simcoe, M. Yue, The Astrophysical Journal 963 (2024).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2024-03-25T08:54:47Z
date_published: 2024-03-07T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-09-04T13:15:26Z
day: '07'
ddc:
- '550'
department:
- _id: JoMa
doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/ad2345
external_id:
isi:
- '001184703600001'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: dc7af4694f9f94a551417ab49fa43edf
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2024-03-25T09:31:58Z
date_updated: 2024-03-25T09:31:58Z
file_id: '15184'
file_name: 2024_AstrophysicalJourn_Matthee.pdf
file_size: 6047536
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2024-03-25T09:31:58Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 963'
isi: 1
issue: '2'
keyword:
- Space and Planetary Science
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
language:
- iso: eng
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: bd9b2118-d553-11ed-ba76-db24564edfea
grant_number: '101076224'
name: Young galaxies as tracers and agents of cosmic reionization
publication: The Astrophysical Journal
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1538-4357
issn:
- 0004-637X
publication_status: published
publisher: American Astronomical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
link:
- description: News on ISTA website
relation: press_release
url: https://ista.ac.at/en/news/baby-quasars-growing-supermassive-black-holes/
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Little Red Dots: An abundant population of faint active galactic nuclei at
z ∼ 5 revealed by the EIGER and FRESCO JWST surveys'
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 963
year: '2024'
...
---
DOAJ_listed: '1'
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
_id: '15249'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Observationally mapping the relation between galaxies and the intergalactic
medium (IGM) is of key interest for studies of cosmic reionization. Diffuse hydrogen
gas has typically been observed in H I Lyman-α (Lyα) absorption in the spectra
of bright background quasars. However, it is important to extend these measurements
to background galaxies as quasars become increasingly rare at high redshift and
rarely probe closely separated sight lines. Here, we use deep integral field spectroscopy
in the MUSE eXtremely Deep Field to demonstrate the measurement of the Lyα transmission
at z ≈ 4 in absorption to a background galaxy at z = 4.77. The H I transmission
is consistent with independent quasar sight lines at similar redshifts. Exploiting
the high number of spectroscopic redshifts of faint galaxies (500 between z =
4.0–4.7 within a radius of 8 arcmin) that are tracers of the density field, we
show that Lyα transmission is inversely correlated with galaxy density, i.e. transparent
regions in the Lyα forest mark underdense regions at z ≈ 4. Due to large-scale
clustering, galaxies are surrounded by excess H I absorption over the cosmic mean
out to 4 cMpc/h70. We also find that redshifts from the peak of the Lyα line are
typically offset from the systemic redshift by +170 km s−1. This work extends
results from z ≈ 2–3 to higher redshifts and demonstrates the power of deep integral
field spectroscopy to simultaneously measure the ionization structure of the IGM
and the large-scale density field in the early Universe.
acknowledgement: We thank the referee for constructive comments that helped improving
the paper. Based on observations collected at the European Southern Observatory
under ESO programme 1101.A-0127. Funded by the European Union (ERC, AGENTS, 101076224).
Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not
necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European Research Council.
Neither the European Union nor the granting authority can be held responsible for
them. GP acknowledges support from the Netherlands Research School for Astronomy
(Nederlandse Onderzoekschool Voor Astronomie, NOVA). JB acknowledges financial support
from the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) through national funds PTDC/FIS-AST/4862/2020,
work contract 2020.03379.CEECIND, and research grants UIDB/04434/2020 and UIDP/04434/2020.
TU and LW acknowledge funding by the European Research Council through ERC-AdG SPECMAP-CGM,
GA 101020943. TG is supported by the ERC Starting grant 757258 ‘TRIPLE’.
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: Christopher
full_name: Golling, Christopher
last_name: Golling
- first_name: Ruari
full_name: Mackenzie, Ruari
last_name: Mackenzie
- first_name: Gabriele
full_name: Pezzulli, Gabriele
last_name: Pezzulli
- first_name: Simon
full_name: Lilly, Simon
last_name: Lilly
- first_name: Joop
full_name: Schaye, Joop
last_name: Schaye
- first_name: Roland
full_name: Bacon, Roland
last_name: Bacon
- first_name: Haruka
full_name: Kusakabe, Haruka
last_name: Kusakabe
- first_name: Tanya
full_name: Urrutia, Tanya
last_name: Urrutia
- first_name: Leindert
full_name: Boogaard, Leindert
last_name: Boogaard
- first_name: Jarle
full_name: Brinchmann, Jarle
last_name: Brinchmann
- first_name: Michael V.
full_name: Maseda, Michael V.
last_name: Maseda
- first_name: Thibault
full_name: Garel, Thibault
last_name: Garel
- first_name: Nicolas F.
full_name: Bouché, Nicolas F.
last_name: Bouché
- first_name: Lutz
full_name: Wisotzki, Lutz
last_name: Wisotzki
citation:
ama: Matthee JJ, Golling C, Mackenzie R, et al. Large-scale excess H I absorption
around z ≈ 4 galaxies detected in a background galaxy spectrum in the MUSE eXtremely
deep field. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2024;529(3):2794-2806.
doi:10.1093/mnras/stae673
apa: Matthee, J. J., Golling, C., Mackenzie, R., Pezzulli, G., Lilly, S., Schaye,
J., … Wisotzki, L. (2024). Large-scale excess H I absorption around z ≈ 4 galaxies
detected in a background galaxy spectrum in the MUSE eXtremely deep field. Monthly
Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stae673
chicago: Matthee, Jorryt J, Christopher Golling, Ruari Mackenzie, Gabriele Pezzulli,
Simon Lilly, Joop Schaye, Roland Bacon, et al. “Large-Scale Excess H I Absorption
around z ≈ 4 Galaxies Detected in a Background Galaxy Spectrum in the MUSE EXtremely
Deep Field.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford
University Press, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stae673.
ieee: J. J. Matthee et al., “Large-scale excess H I absorption around z ≈
4 galaxies detected in a background galaxy spectrum in the MUSE eXtremely deep
field,” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 529, no.
3. Oxford University Press, pp. 2794–2806, 2024.
ista: Matthee JJ, Golling C, Mackenzie R, Pezzulli G, Lilly S, Schaye J, Bacon R,
Kusakabe H, Urrutia T, Boogaard L, Brinchmann J, Maseda MV, Garel T, Bouché NF,
Wisotzki L. 2024. Large-scale excess H I absorption around z ≈ 4 galaxies detected
in a background galaxy spectrum in the MUSE eXtremely deep field. Monthly Notices
of the Royal Astronomical Society. 529(3), 2794–2806.
mla: Matthee, Jorryt J., et al. “Large-Scale Excess H I Absorption around z ≈ 4
Galaxies Detected in a Background Galaxy Spectrum in the MUSE EXtremely Deep Field.”
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 529, no. 3, Oxford
University Press, 2024, pp. 2794–806, doi:10.1093/mnras/stae673.
short: J.J. Matthee, C. Golling, R. Mackenzie, G. Pezzulli, S. Lilly, J. Schaye,
R. Bacon, H. Kusakabe, T. Urrutia, L. Boogaard, J. Brinchmann, M.V. Maseda, T.
Garel, N.F. Bouché, L. Wisotzki, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
529 (2024) 2794–2806.
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2024-03-31T22:01:12Z
date_published: 2024-04-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-09-04T13:18:02Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '520'
department:
- _id: JoMa
doi: 10.1093/mnras/stae673
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2305.15346'
isi:
- '001188770300019'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 1e65c40a71e565eebdc4c5ff11822ba2
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2024-04-02T08:42:17Z
date_updated: 2024-04-02T08:42:17Z
file_id: '15255'
file_name: 2024_MonthlyNRoyalAstronSoc_Matthee.pdf
file_size: 2626735
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2024-04-02T08:42:17Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 529'
isi: 1
issue: '3'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 2794-2806
project:
- _id: bd9b2118-d553-11ed-ba76-db24564edfea
grant_number: '101076224'
name: Young galaxies as tracers and agents of cosmic reionization
publication: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1365-2966
issn:
- 0035-8711
publication_status: published
publisher: Oxford University Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Large-scale excess H I absorption around z ≈ 4 galaxies detected in a background
galaxy spectrum in the MUSE eXtremely deep field
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 529
year: '2024'
...
---
_id: '15336'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Submillimeter surveys toward overdense regions in the early Universe are essential
for uncovering the obscured star formation and the cold gas content of assembling
galaxies within massive dark matter halos. In this work, we present deep ALMA
mosaic observations covering an area of ∼2′×2′ around MUSE Quasar Nebula 01 (MQN01),
one of the largest and brightest Ly-α emitting nebulae discovered thus far; it
surrounds a radio-quiet quasar at z ≃ 3.25. Our observations target the 1.2 and
the 3 mm dust continuum as well as the carbon monoxide CO(4–3) transition in galaxies
in the vicinity of the quasar. We identify a robust sample of 11 CO-line-emitting
galaxies (including a closely separated quasar companion) that lie within ±4000 km s−1
of the quasar systemic redshift. A fraction of these objects were missed in previous
deep rest-frame optical/UV surveys, which highlights the critical role of (sub)millimeter
imaging. We also detect a total of 11 sources revealed in the dust continuum at
1.2 mm; six of them have either high-fidelity spectroscopic redshift information
from rest-frame UV metal absorptions or the CO(4–3) line that places them in the
same narrow redshift range. A comparison of the CO luminosity function and 1.2
mm number count density with those of the general fields points to a galaxy overdensity
of δ > 10. We find evidence of a systematic flattening at the bright end of the
CO luminosity function with respect to the trend measured in blank fields. Our
findings reveal that galaxies in dense regions at z ∼ 3 are more massive and significantly
richer in molecular gas than galaxies in fields, which enables a faster and accelerated
assembly. This is the first in a series of studies aimed at characterizing one
of the densest regions of the Universe found so far at z > 3.
acknowledgement: 'We thank the anonymous referee for the careful reading of the paper
and useful suggestions which improved the manuscript. We thank Dr. Leindert Boogaard
for sharing data and providing support in the data analysis process. This paper
makes use of the following ALMA data: ADS/JAO.ALMA#2021.1.00793.S. ALMA is a partnership
of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA) and NINS (Japan), together with
NRC (Canada), MOST and ASIAA (Taiwan), and KASI (Republic of Korea), in cooperation
with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO
and NAOJ. This project was supported by the European Research Council (ERC) Consolidator
Grant 864361 (CosmicWeb) and by Fondazione Cariplo grant no. 2020-0902. M.M. was
supported in part by grant HST-GO-17065. This research made use of Astropy (http://www.astropy.org),
a community-developed core Python package for Astronomy (Astropy Collaboration 2013,
2018), NumPy (Harris et al. 2020), SciPy (Virtanen et al. 2020), Matplotlib (Hunter
2007), and Statsmodel (Seabold & Perktold 2010).'
article_number: A119
article_processing_charge: Yes (in subscription journal)
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: A.
full_name: Pensabene, A.
last_name: Pensabene
- first_name: S.
full_name: Cantalupo, S.
last_name: Cantalupo
- first_name: C.
full_name: Cicone, C.
last_name: Cicone
- first_name: R.
full_name: Decarli, R.
last_name: Decarli
- first_name: M.
full_name: Galbiati, M.
last_name: Galbiati
- first_name: M.
full_name: Ginolfi, M.
last_name: Ginolfi
- first_name: S.
full_name: De Beer, S.
last_name: De Beer
- first_name: M.
full_name: Fossati, M.
last_name: Fossati
- first_name: M.
full_name: Fumagalli, M.
last_name: Fumagalli
- first_name: T.
full_name: Lazeyras, T.
last_name: Lazeyras
- first_name: G.
full_name: Pezzulli, G.
last_name: Pezzulli
- first_name: A.
full_name: Travascio, A.
last_name: Travascio
- first_name: W.
full_name: Wang, W.
last_name: Wang
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: M. V.
full_name: Maseda, M. V.
last_name: Maseda
citation:
ama: 'Pensabene A, Cantalupo S, Cicone C, et al. ALMA survey of a massive node of
the Cosmic Web at z ∼ 3: I. Discovery of a large overdensity of CO emitters. Astronomy
and Astrophysics. 2024;684. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202348659'
apa: 'Pensabene, A., Cantalupo, S., Cicone, C., Decarli, R., Galbiati, M., Ginolfi,
M., … Maseda, M. V. (2024). ALMA survey of a massive node of the Cosmic Web at
z ∼ 3: I. Discovery of a large overdensity of CO emitters. Astronomy and Astrophysics.
EDP Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202348659'
chicago: 'Pensabene, A., S. Cantalupo, C. Cicone, R. Decarli, M. Galbiati, M. Ginolfi,
S. De Beer, et al. “ALMA Survey of a Massive Node of the Cosmic Web at z ∼ 3:
I. Discovery of a Large Overdensity of CO Emitters.” Astronomy and Astrophysics.
EDP Sciences, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202348659.'
ieee: 'A. Pensabene et al., “ALMA survey of a massive node of the Cosmic
Web at z ∼ 3: I. Discovery of a large overdensity of CO emitters,” Astronomy
and Astrophysics, vol. 684. EDP Sciences, 2024.'
ista: 'Pensabene A, Cantalupo S, Cicone C, Decarli R, Galbiati M, Ginolfi M, De
Beer S, Fossati M, Fumagalli M, Lazeyras T, Pezzulli G, Travascio A, Wang W, Matthee
JJ, Maseda MV. 2024. ALMA survey of a massive node of the Cosmic Web at z ∼ 3:
I. Discovery of a large overdensity of CO emitters. Astronomy and Astrophysics.
684, A119.'
mla: 'Pensabene, A., et al. “ALMA Survey of a Massive Node of the Cosmic Web at
z ∼ 3: I. Discovery of a Large Overdensity of CO Emitters.” Astronomy and Astrophysics,
vol. 684, A119, EDP Sciences, 2024, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202348659.'
short: A. Pensabene, S. Cantalupo, C. Cicone, R. Decarli, M. Galbiati, M. Ginolfi,
S. De Beer, M. Fossati, M. Fumagalli, T. Lazeyras, G. Pezzulli, A. Travascio,
W. Wang, J.J. Matthee, M.V. Maseda, Astronomy and Astrophysics 684 (2024).
date_created: 2024-04-21T22:00:53Z
date_published: 2024-04-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-09-04T13:42:50Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '520'
department:
- _id: JoMa
doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202348659
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2401.04765'
isi:
- '001199982500009'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: ab48775b6946cebfa27ddded5a68fdd2
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2024-04-23T06:59:18Z
date_updated: 2024-04-23T06:59:18Z
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file_name: 2024_AstronomyAstrophysics_Pensabene.pdf
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intvolume: ' 684'
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- iso: eng
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Astronomy and Astrophysics
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1432-0746
issn:
- 0004-6361
publication_status: published
publisher: EDP Sciences
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'ALMA survey of a massive node of the Cosmic Web at z ∼ 3: I. Discovery of
a large overdensity of CO emitters'
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 684
year: '2024'
...
---
DOAJ_listed: '1'
_id: '15405'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: We report JWST/NIRCam measurements of quasar host galaxy emissions and supermassive
black hole (SMBH) masses for six quasars at 5.9 < z < 7.1 in the Emission-line
galaxies and Intergalactic Gas in the Epoch of Reionization (EIGER) project. We
obtain deep NIRCam imaging in the F115W, F200W, and F356W bands, as well as F356W
grism spectroscopy of the quasars. We use bright unsaturated stars to construct
models of the point-spread functions (PSFs) and estimate the errors of these PSFs.
We then measure or constrain the fluxes and morphology of the quasar host galaxies
by fitting the quasar images as a point source plus an exponential disk. We successfully
detect the host galaxies of three quasars, which have host-to-quasar-flux ratios
of ∼1%–5%. Spectral energy distribution fitting suggests that these quasar host
galaxies have stellar masses of M* ≳ 1010M⊙. For quasars with host galaxy nondetections,
we estimate the upper limits of their stellar masses. We use the grism spectra
to measure the Hβ line profile and the continuum luminosity, then estimate the
SMBH masses for the quasars. Our results indicate that the positive relation between
SMBH masses and host galaxy stellar masses already exists at redshift z ≳ 6. The
quasars in our sample show a high BH-to-stellar-mass ratio of MBH/M* ∼ 0.15, which
is about ∼2 dex higher than local relations. We find that selection effects only
contribute partially to the high MBH/M* ratios of high-redshift quasars. This
result hints at a possible redshift evolution of the MBH–M* relation.
acknowledgement: "We thank the referee for the valuable comments on this paper. We
thank John Silverman, Madeline Marshall, MingYang Zhuang, Weizhe Liu, and Jinyi
Yang for inspiring discussions and suggestions. D.K. is grateful for the support
from JSPS KAKENHI grant No. JP21K13956. This work is based on observations made
with the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope. The data were obtained from the
Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes at the Space Telescope\r\nScience Institute,
which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy,
Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-03127 for JWST. These observations are\r\nassociated
with program ID #1243. Facility: JWST (NIRCam) Software: astropy (Astropy Collaboration
et al. 2013, 2018), psfMC (Mechtley 2014), webbpsf (Perrin et al. 2014), jwst."
article_number: '176'
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Minghao
full_name: Yue, Minghao
last_name: Yue
- first_name: Anna Christina
full_name: Eilers, Anna Christina
last_name: Eilers
- first_name: Robert A.
full_name: Simcoe, Robert A.
last_name: Simcoe
- first_name: Ruari
full_name: Mackenzie, Ruari
last_name: Mackenzie
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: Daichi
full_name: Kashino, Daichi
last_name: Kashino
- first_name: Rongmon
full_name: Bordoloi, Rongmon
last_name: Bordoloi
- first_name: Simon J.
full_name: Lilly, Simon J.
last_name: Lilly
- first_name: Rohan P.
full_name: Naidu, Rohan P.
last_name: Naidu
citation:
ama: Yue M, Eilers AC, Simcoe RA, et al. EIGER. V. Characterizing the host galaxies
of luminous quasars at z ≳ 6. Astrophysical Journal. 2024;966(2). doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad3914
apa: Yue, M., Eilers, A. C., Simcoe, R. A., Mackenzie, R., Matthee, J. J., Kashino,
D., … Naidu, R. P. (2024). EIGER. V. Characterizing the host galaxies of luminous
quasars at z ≳ 6. Astrophysical Journal. IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad3914
chicago: Yue, Minghao, Anna Christina Eilers, Robert A. Simcoe, Ruari Mackenzie,
Jorryt J Matthee, Daichi Kashino, Rongmon Bordoloi, Simon J. Lilly, and Rohan
P. Naidu. “EIGER. V. Characterizing the Host Galaxies of Luminous Quasars at z
≳ 6.” Astrophysical Journal. IOP Publishing, 2024. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad3914.
ieee: M. Yue et al., “EIGER. V. Characterizing the host galaxies of luminous
quasars at z ≳ 6,” Astrophysical Journal, vol. 966, no. 2. IOP Publishing,
2024.
ista: Yue M, Eilers AC, Simcoe RA, Mackenzie R, Matthee JJ, Kashino D, Bordoloi
R, Lilly SJ, Naidu RP. 2024. EIGER. V. Characterizing the host galaxies of luminous
quasars at z ≳ 6. Astrophysical Journal. 966(2), 176.
mla: Yue, Minghao, et al. “EIGER. V. Characterizing the Host Galaxies of Luminous
Quasars at z ≳ 6.” Astrophysical Journal, vol. 966, no. 2, 176, IOP Publishing,
2024, doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad3914.
short: M. Yue, A.C. Eilers, R.A. Simcoe, R. Mackenzie, J.J. Matthee, D. Kashino,
R. Bordoloi, S.J. Lilly, R.P. Naidu, Astrophysical Journal 966 (2024).
date_created: 2024-05-19T22:01:12Z
date_published: 2024-05-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-09-08T07:30:17Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '520'
department:
- _id: JoMa
doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/ad3914
external_id:
isi:
- '001214916200001'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 47b428f6209d8a6f9869031d9cb8dae6
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2024-05-21T11:13:25Z
date_updated: 2024-05-21T11:13:25Z
file_id: '15410'
file_name: 2024_AstrophysicalJourn_Yue.pdf
file_size: 4472346
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2024-05-21T11:13:25Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 966'
isi: 1
issue: '2'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Astrophysical Journal
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1538-4357
issn:
- 0004-637X
publication_status: published
publisher: IOP Publishing
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: EIGER. V. Characterizing the host galaxies of luminous quasars at z ≳ 6
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 966
year: '2024'
...
---
DOAJ_listed: '1'
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
PlanS_conform: '1'
_id: '21064'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is revolutionizing our knowledge of
z > 5 galaxies and their actively accreting black holes. Using the JWST Cycle
1 Treasury program Ultradeep NIRSpec and NIRCam Observations before the Epoch
of Reionization (UNCOVER) in the lensing field A2744, we report the identification
of a sample of little red dots at 3 < zphot < 7 that likely contain highly reddened
accreting supermassive black holes. Using a NIRCam-only selection to F444W < 27.7
mag, we find 26 sources over the ∼45 arcmin^2 field that are blue in F115W − F200W
∼ 0 (or βUV ∼ –2.0 for fλ ∝ λ^β), red in F200W − F444W = 1−4 (βopt ∼ +2.0), and
are dominated by a point-source-like central component. Of the 20 sources with
deep Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) 1.2 mm coverage, none
are detected individually or in a stack. For the majority of the sample, spectral
energy distribution fits to the JWST+ALMA observations prefer models with hot
dust rather than obscured star formation to reproduce the red NIRCam colors and
ALMA 1.2 mm nondetections. While compact dusty star formation cannot be ruled
out, the combination of extremely small sizes (〈re〉 ≈ 50 pc after correction for
magnification), red rest-frame optical slopes, and hot dust can be explained by
reddened broad-line active galactic nuclei (AGNs). Our targets have faint M1450
≈ −14 to −18 mag but inferred bolometric luminosities of Lbol = 10^43–10^46 erg
s^−1, reflecting their obscured nature. If the candidates are confirmed as AGNs
with upcoming UNCOVER spectroscopy, then we have found an abundant population
of reddened luminous AGNs that are at least ten times more numerous than UV-luminous
AGNs at the same intrinsic bolometric luminosity.
acknowledgement: 'I.L. acknowledges support from Australian Research Council Future
Fellowship FT220100798. J.E.G. and A.D.G acknowledge support from NSF/AAG grant
#1007094, and J.E.G. also acknowledges support from NSF/AAG grant #1007052. L.J.F.
and A.Z. acknowledge support by Grant No. 2020750 from the United States–Israel
Binational Science Foundation (BSF) and grant No. 2109066 from the United States
National Science Foundation (NSF), and by the Ministry of Science & Technology of
Israel. The Cosmic Dawn Center is funded by the Danish National Research Foundation
(DNRF) under grant #140. This work has received funding from the Swiss State Secretariat
for Education, Research and Innovation (SERI) under contract number MB22.00072,
as well as from the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) through project grant
200020_207349. P.D. acknowledges support from the NWO grant 016.VIDI.189.162 (“ODIN”)
and from the European Commission’s and University of Groningen’s CO-FUND Rosalind
Franklin program. R.P.N. acknowledges funding from JWST programs GO-1933 and GO-2279.
Support for this work was provided by NASA through the NASA Hubble Fellowship grant
HST-HF2-51515.001-A awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated
by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Incorporated, under
NASA contract NAS5-26555. This paper makes use of the ALMA data: ADS/JAO. ALMA #2022.1.00073.S,
2018.1.00035.L, and 2013.1.00999.S. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its
member states), NSF (USA) and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada), MOST and
ASIAA (Taiwan), and KASI (Republic of Korea), in cooperation with the Republic of
Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO and NAOJ. The research
of C.C.W. is supported by NOIRLab, which is managed by the Association of Universities
for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National
Science Foundation.'
article_number: '92'
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Ivo
full_name: Labbe, Ivo
last_name: Labbe
- first_name: Jenny E.
full_name: Greene, Jenny E.
last_name: Greene
- first_name: Rachel
full_name: Bezanson, Rachel
last_name: Bezanson
- first_name: Seiji
full_name: Fujimoto, Seiji
last_name: Fujimoto
- first_name: Lukas J.
full_name: Furtak, Lukas J.
last_name: Furtak
- first_name: Andy D.
full_name: Goulding, Andy D.
last_name: Goulding
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: Rohan P.
full_name: Naidu, Rohan P.
last_name: Naidu
- first_name: Pascal A.
full_name: Oesch, Pascal A.
last_name: Oesch
- first_name: Hakim
full_name: Atek, Hakim
last_name: Atek
- first_name: Gabriel
full_name: Brammer, Gabriel
last_name: Brammer
- first_name: Iryna
full_name: Chemerynska, Iryna
last_name: Chemerynska
- first_name: Dan
full_name: Coe, Dan
last_name: Coe
- first_name: Sam E.
full_name: Cutler, Sam E.
last_name: Cutler
- first_name: Pratika
full_name: Dayal, Pratika
last_name: Dayal
- first_name: Robert
full_name: Feldmann, Robert
last_name: Feldmann
- first_name: Marijn
full_name: Franx, Marijn
last_name: Franx
- first_name: Karl
full_name: Glazebrook, Karl
last_name: Glazebrook
- first_name: Joel
full_name: Leja, Joel
last_name: Leja
- first_name: Michael
full_name: Maseda, Michael
last_name: Maseda
- first_name: Danilo
full_name: Marchesini, Danilo
last_name: Marchesini
- first_name: Themiya
full_name: Nanayakkara, Themiya
last_name: Nanayakkara
- first_name: Erica J.
full_name: Nelson, Erica J.
last_name: Nelson
- first_name: Richard
full_name: Pan, Richard
last_name: Pan
- first_name: Casey
full_name: Papovich, Casey
last_name: Papovich
- first_name: Sedona H.
full_name: Price, Sedona H.
last_name: Price
- first_name: Katherine A.
full_name: Suess, Katherine A.
last_name: Suess
- first_name: Bingjie 冰洁
full_name: Wang, Bingjie 冰洁
last_name: Wang
- first_name: John R.
full_name: Weaver, John R.
last_name: Weaver
- first_name: Katherine E.
full_name: Whitaker, Katherine E.
last_name: Whitaker
- first_name: Christina C.
full_name: Williams, Christina C.
last_name: Williams
- first_name: Adi
full_name: Zitrin, Adi
last_name: Zitrin
citation:
ama: 'Labbe I, Greene JE, Bezanson R, et al. UNCOVER: Candidate red active galactic
nuclei at 3 < z < 7 with JWST and ALMA. The Astrophysical Journal.
2024;978. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad3551'
apa: 'Labbe, I., Greene, J. E., Bezanson, R., Fujimoto, S., Furtak, L. J., Goulding,
A. D., … Zitrin, A. (2024). UNCOVER: Candidate red active galactic nuclei at 3
< z < 7 with JWST and ALMA. The Astrophysical Journal. IOP Publishing.
https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad3551'
chicago: 'Labbe, Ivo, Jenny E. Greene, Rachel Bezanson, Seiji Fujimoto, Lukas J.
Furtak, Andy D. Goulding, Jorryt J Matthee, et al. “UNCOVER: Candidate Red Active
Galactic Nuclei at 3 < z < 7 with JWST and ALMA.” The Astrophysical
Journal. IOP Publishing, 2024. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad3551.'
ieee: 'I. Labbe et al., “UNCOVER: Candidate red active galactic nuclei at
3 < z < 7 with JWST and ALMA,” The Astrophysical Journal, vol.
978. IOP Publishing, 2024.'
ista: 'Labbe I, Greene JE, Bezanson R, Fujimoto S, Furtak LJ, Goulding AD, Matthee
JJ, Naidu RP, Oesch PA, Atek H, Brammer G, Chemerynska I, Coe D, Cutler SE, Dayal
P, Feldmann R, Franx M, Glazebrook K, Leja J, Maseda M, Marchesini D, Nanayakkara
T, Nelson EJ, Pan R, Papovich C, Price SH, Suess KA, Wang B冰洁, Weaver JR, Whitaker
KE, Williams CC, Zitrin A. 2024. UNCOVER: Candidate red active galactic nuclei
at 3 < z < 7 with JWST and ALMA. The Astrophysical Journal. 978, 92.'
mla: 'Labbe, Ivo, et al. “UNCOVER: Candidate Red Active Galactic Nuclei at 3 <
z < 7 with JWST and ALMA.” The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 978, 92,
IOP Publishing, 2024, doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad3551.'
short: I. Labbe, J.E. Greene, R. Bezanson, S. Fujimoto, L.J. Furtak, A.D. Goulding,
J.J. Matthee, R.P. Naidu, P.A. Oesch, H. Atek, G. Brammer, I. Chemerynska, D.
Coe, S.E. Cutler, P. Dayal, R. Feldmann, M. Franx, K. Glazebrook, J. Leja, M.
Maseda, D. Marchesini, T. Nanayakkara, E.J. Nelson, R. Pan, C. Papovich, S.H.
Price, K.A. Suess, B.冰洁 Wang, J.R. Weaver, K.E. Whitaker, C.C. Williams, A. Zitrin,
The Astrophysical Journal 978 (2024).
date_created: 2026-01-28T15:26:12Z
date_published: 2024-12-26T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-02-10T06:49:49Z
day: '26'
ddc:
- '520'
department:
- _id: JoMa
doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/ad3551
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2306.07320'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 825c35ebd26e292c8a5c2bffac327854
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2026-02-10T06:44:24Z
date_updated: 2026-02-10T06:44:24Z
file_id: '21201'
file_name: 2024_AstrophysicalJourn_Labbe.pdf
file_size: 5041924
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2026-02-10T06:44:24Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 978'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: The Astrophysical Journal
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1538-4357
issn:
- 0004-637X
publication_status: published
publisher: IOP Publishing
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'UNCOVER: Candidate red active galactic nuclei at 3 < z < 7 with JWST and ALMA'
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 978
year: '2024'
...