--- DOAJ_listed: '1' OA_place: publisher OA_type: gold PlanS_conform: '1' _id: '21370' abstract: - lang: eng text: Through digital imaging, microscopy has evolved from primarily being a means for visual observation of life at the micro- and nano-scale, to a quantitative tool with ever-increasing resolution and throughput. Artificial intelligence, deep neural networks, and machine learning (ML) are all niche terms describing computational methods that have gained a pivotal role in microscopy-based research over the past decade. This Roadmap encompasses key aspects of how ML is applied to microscopy image data, with the aim of gaining scientific knowledge by improved image quality, automated detection, segmentation, classification and tracking of objects, and efficient merging of information from multiple imaging modalities. We aim to give the reader an overview of the key developments and an understanding of possibilities and limitations of ML for microscopy. It will be of interest to a wide cross-disciplinary audience in the physical sciences and life sciences. article_number: '012501' article_processing_charge: Yes article_type: original arxiv: 1 author: - first_name: Giovanni full_name: Volpe, Giovanni last_name: Volpe - first_name: Carolina full_name: Wählby, Carolina last_name: Wählby - first_name: Lei full_name: Tian, Lei last_name: Tian - first_name: Michael full_name: Hecht, Michael last_name: Hecht - first_name: Artur full_name: Yakimovich, Artur last_name: Yakimovich - first_name: Kristina full_name: Monakhova, Kristina last_name: Monakhova - first_name: Laura full_name: Waller, Laura last_name: Waller - first_name: Ivo F. full_name: Sbalzarini, Ivo F. last_name: Sbalzarini - first_name: Christopher A. full_name: Metzler, Christopher A. last_name: Metzler - first_name: Mingyang full_name: Xie, Mingyang last_name: Xie - first_name: Kevin full_name: Zhang, Kevin last_name: Zhang - first_name: Isaac C full_name: Lenton, Isaac C id: a550210f-223c-11ec-8182-e2d45e817efb last_name: Lenton orcid: 0000-0002-5010-6984 - first_name: Halina full_name: Rubinsztein-Dunlop, Halina last_name: Rubinsztein-Dunlop - first_name: Daniel full_name: Brunner, Daniel last_name: Brunner - first_name: Bijie full_name: Bai, Bijie last_name: Bai - first_name: Aydogan full_name: Ozcan, Aydogan last_name: Ozcan - first_name: Daniel full_name: Midtvedt, Daniel last_name: Midtvedt - first_name: Hao full_name: Wang, Hao last_name: Wang - first_name: Tongyu full_name: Li, Tongyu last_name: Li - first_name: Nataša full_name: Sladoje, Nataša last_name: Sladoje - first_name: Joakim full_name: Lindblad, Joakim last_name: Lindblad - first_name: Jason T. full_name: Smith, Jason T. last_name: Smith - first_name: Marien full_name: Ochoa, Marien last_name: Ochoa - first_name: Margarida full_name: Barroso, Margarida last_name: Barroso - first_name: Xavier full_name: Intes, Xavier last_name: Intes - first_name: Tong full_name: Qiu, Tong last_name: Qiu - first_name: Li Yu full_name: Yu, Li Yu last_name: Yu - first_name: Sixian full_name: You, Sixian last_name: You - first_name: Yongtao full_name: Liu, Yongtao last_name: Liu - first_name: Maxim A. full_name: Ziatdinov, Maxim A. last_name: Ziatdinov - first_name: Sergei V. full_name: Kalinin, Sergei V. last_name: Kalinin - first_name: Arlo full_name: Sheridan, Arlo last_name: Sheridan - first_name: Uri full_name: Manor, Uri last_name: Manor - first_name: Elias full_name: Nehme, Elias last_name: Nehme - first_name: Ofri full_name: Goldenberg, Ofri last_name: Goldenberg - first_name: Yoav full_name: Shechtman, Yoav last_name: Shechtman - first_name: Henrik K. full_name: Moberg, Henrik K. last_name: Moberg - first_name: Christoph full_name: Langhammer, Christoph last_name: Langhammer - first_name: Barbora full_name: Špačková, Barbora last_name: Špačková - first_name: Saga full_name: Helgadottir, Saga last_name: Helgadottir - first_name: Benjamin full_name: Midtvedt, Benjamin last_name: Midtvedt - first_name: Aykut full_name: Argun, Aykut last_name: Argun - first_name: Tobias full_name: Thalheim, Tobias last_name: Thalheim - first_name: Frank full_name: Cichos, Frank last_name: Cichos - first_name: Stefano full_name: Bo, Stefano last_name: Bo - first_name: Lars full_name: Hubatsch, Lars last_name: Hubatsch - first_name: Jesus full_name: Pineda, Jesus last_name: Pineda - first_name: Carlo full_name: Manzo, Carlo last_name: Manzo - first_name: Harshith full_name: Bachimanchi, Harshith last_name: Bachimanchi - first_name: Erik full_name: Selander, Erik last_name: Selander - first_name: Antoni full_name: Homs-Corbera, Antoni last_name: Homs-Corbera - first_name: Martin full_name: Fränzl, Martin last_name: Fränzl - first_name: Kevin full_name: De Haan, Kevin last_name: De Haan - first_name: Yair full_name: Rivenson, Yair last_name: Rivenson - first_name: Zofia full_name: Korczak, Zofia last_name: Korczak - first_name: Caroline Beck full_name: Adiels, Caroline Beck last_name: Adiels - first_name: Mite full_name: Mijalkov, Mite last_name: Mijalkov - first_name: Dániel full_name: Veréb, Dániel last_name: Veréb - first_name: Yu Wei full_name: Chang, Yu Wei last_name: Chang - first_name: Joana B. full_name: Pereira, Joana B. last_name: Pereira - first_name: Damian full_name: Matuszewski, Damian last_name: Matuszewski - first_name: Gustaf full_name: Kylberg, Gustaf last_name: Kylberg - first_name: Ida Maria full_name: Sintorn, Ida Maria last_name: Sintorn - first_name: Juan C. full_name: Caicedo, Juan C. last_name: Caicedo - first_name: Beth A. full_name: Cimini, Beth A. last_name: Cimini - first_name: Muyinatu A. full_name: Lediju Bell, Muyinatu A. last_name: Lediju Bell - first_name: Bruno M. full_name: Saraiva, Bruno M. last_name: Saraiva - first_name: Guillaume full_name: Jacquemet, Guillaume last_name: Jacquemet - first_name: Ricardo full_name: Henriques, Ricardo last_name: Henriques - first_name: Wei full_name: Ouyang, Wei last_name: Ouyang - first_name: Trang full_name: Le, Trang last_name: Le - first_name: Estibaliz full_name: Gómez-De-Mariscal, Estibaliz last_name: Gómez-De-Mariscal - first_name: Daniel full_name: Sage, Daniel last_name: Sage - first_name: Arrate full_name: Muñoz-Barrutia, Arrate last_name: Muñoz-Barrutia - first_name: Ebba Josefson full_name: Lindqvist, Ebba Josefson last_name: Lindqvist - first_name: Johanna full_name: Bergman, Johanna last_name: Bergman citation: ama: 'Volpe G, Wählby C, Tian L, et al. Roadmap on deep learning for microscopy. Journal of Physics: Photonics. 2026;8(1). doi:10.1088/2515-7647/ae0fd1' apa: 'Volpe, G., Wählby, C., Tian, L., Hecht, M., Yakimovich, A., Monakhova, K., … Bergman, J. (2026). Roadmap on deep learning for microscopy. Journal of Physics: Photonics. IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7647/ae0fd1' chicago: 'Volpe, Giovanni, Carolina Wählby, Lei Tian, Michael Hecht, Artur Yakimovich, Kristina Monakhova, Laura Waller, et al. “Roadmap on Deep Learning for Microscopy.” Journal of Physics: Photonics. IOP Publishing, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7647/ae0fd1.' ieee: 'G. Volpe et al., “Roadmap on deep learning for microscopy,” Journal of Physics: Photonics, vol. 8, no. 1. IOP Publishing, 2026.' ista: 'Volpe G, Wählby C, Tian L, Hecht M, Yakimovich A, Monakhova K, Waller L, Sbalzarini IF, Metzler CA, Xie M, Zhang K, Lenton IC, Rubinsztein-Dunlop H, Brunner D, Bai B, Ozcan A, Midtvedt D, Wang H, Li T, Sladoje N, Lindblad J, Smith JT, Ochoa M, Barroso M, Intes X, Qiu T, Yu LY, You S, Liu Y, Ziatdinov MA, Kalinin SV, Sheridan A, Manor U, Nehme E, Goldenberg O, Shechtman Y, Moberg HK, Langhammer C, Špačková B, Helgadottir S, Midtvedt B, Argun A, Thalheim T, Cichos F, Bo S, Hubatsch L, Pineda J, Manzo C, Bachimanchi H, Selander E, Homs-Corbera A, Fränzl M, De Haan K, Rivenson Y, Korczak Z, Adiels CB, Mijalkov M, Veréb D, Chang YW, Pereira JB, Matuszewski D, Kylberg G, Sintorn IM, Caicedo JC, Cimini BA, Lediju Bell MA, Saraiva BM, Jacquemet G, Henriques R, Ouyang W, Le T, Gómez-De-Mariscal E, Sage D, Muñoz-Barrutia A, Lindqvist EJ, Bergman J. 2026. Roadmap on deep learning for microscopy. Journal of Physics: Photonics. 8(1), 012501.' mla: 'Volpe, Giovanni, et al. “Roadmap on Deep Learning for Microscopy.” Journal of Physics: Photonics, vol. 8, no. 1, 012501, IOP Publishing, 2026, doi:10.1088/2515-7647/ae0fd1.' short: 'G. Volpe, C. Wählby, L. Tian, M. Hecht, A. Yakimovich, K. Monakhova, L. Waller, I.F. Sbalzarini, C.A. Metzler, M. Xie, K. Zhang, I.C. Lenton, H. Rubinsztein-Dunlop, D. Brunner, B. Bai, A. Ozcan, D. Midtvedt, H. Wang, T. Li, N. Sladoje, J. Lindblad, J.T. Smith, M. Ochoa, M. Barroso, X. Intes, T. Qiu, L.Y. Yu, S. You, Y. Liu, M.A. Ziatdinov, S.V. Kalinin, A. Sheridan, U. Manor, E. Nehme, O. Goldenberg, Y. Shechtman, H.K. Moberg, C. Langhammer, B. Špačková, S. Helgadottir, B. Midtvedt, A. Argun, T. Thalheim, F. Cichos, S. Bo, L. Hubatsch, J. Pineda, C. Manzo, H. Bachimanchi, E. Selander, A. Homs-Corbera, M. Fränzl, K. De Haan, Y. Rivenson, Z. Korczak, C.B. Adiels, M. Mijalkov, D. Veréb, Y.W. Chang, J.B. Pereira, D. Matuszewski, G. Kylberg, I.M. Sintorn, J.C. Caicedo, B.A. Cimini, M.A. Lediju Bell, B.M. Saraiva, G. Jacquemet, R. Henriques, W. Ouyang, T. Le, E. Gómez-De-Mariscal, D. Sage, A. Muñoz-Barrutia, E.J. Lindqvist, J. Bergman, Journal of Physics: Photonics 8 (2026).' date_created: 2026-03-01T23:01:39Z date_published: 2026-03-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-03-23T13:18:11Z day: '01' ddc: - '530' department: - _id: ScWa doi: 10.1088/2515-7647/ae0fd1 external_id: arxiv: - '2303.03793' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 172720f1f0c5c9d06a282e52023a0030 content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2026-03-02T09:05:53Z date_updated: 2026-03-02T09:05:53Z file_id: '21375' file_name: 2026_JPhysPhotonics_Volpe.pdf file_size: 16789781 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2026-03-02T09:05:53Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 8' issue: '1' language: - iso: eng month: '03' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version publication: 'Journal of Physics: Photonics' publication_identifier: eissn: - 2515-7647 publication_status: published publisher: IOP Publishing quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Roadmap on deep learning for microscopy tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 8 year: '2026' ... --- OA_type: closed access _id: '21765' abstract: - lang: eng text: "Dielectric particles of the same material exchange electrical charge during collisions or sliding contacts, yet the underlying charge-exchange mechanism is still not understood. The fact that particles can become highly charged as a result of this effect has significant consequences for many settings, both in nature and industry, such as thunderstorms, volcanic eruptions, particle aggregation during meteorite and planet formation, and the clogging of industrial granular systems. Toward understanding these systems, great efforts have been made to develop precise in situ measurements for particle charge, e.g., to determine ensemble charge distributions or measure exchange during individual contacts. Here, we present experimental results concerning the particle size scaling of the stationary-state charge distributions of oxide particles in the sub-millimeter range. We measure the charge distributions for large ensembles of monodisperse ZrO2:SiO2 composite spheres, ranging from 172 to 545µ⁢m in diameter. These distributions are non-Gaussian and collapse to a single master curve when plotted as functions of the surface charge density Σ=\U0001D45E/4⁢\U0001D70B⁢\U0001D4452. X-ray fluorescence and atomic force microscopy measurements show that the differences in the measured charge distributions are not due to variations in chemical composition or surface roughness, but rather to size alone. Our findings provide constraints on microscopic models for charge exchange, namely that they should lead to steady-state distributions that are non-Gaussian and scale in a specific way with particle size." acknowledgement: This research was supported by ANID Grants QUIMAL No. 160001, FONDECYT No. 1221597, and FONDEQUIP No. EQM190177. The authors thank Rodrigo Espinoza for the EDS-SEM measurements and Domingo Jullian for fruitful discussions. We also acknowledge the technical assistance of Ricardo Silva and Andrés Espinosa at DFI, FCFM, Universidad de Chile. article_number: '045604' article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Macarena full_name: Lara, Macarena last_name: Lara - first_name: Marcos full_name: Flores, Marcos last_name: Flores - first_name: Gustavo full_name: Castillo, Gustavo last_name: Castillo - first_name: Santiago full_name: Tassara, Santiago last_name: Tassara - first_name: Scott R full_name: Waitukaitis, Scott R id: 3A1FFC16-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Waitukaitis orcid: 0000-0002-2299-3176 - first_name: Nicolás full_name: Mujica, Nicolás last_name: Mujica citation: ama: Lara M, Flores M, Castillo G, Tassara S, Waitukaitis SR, Mujica N. Particle size scaling of non-Gaussian granular charge distributions. Physical Review Materials. 2026;10(4). doi:10.1103/qw6t-xqdw apa: Lara, M., Flores, M., Castillo, G., Tassara, S., Waitukaitis, S. R., & Mujica, N. (2026). Particle size scaling of non-Gaussian granular charge distributions. Physical Review Materials. American Physical Society. https://doi.org/10.1103/qw6t-xqdw chicago: Lara, Macarena, Marcos Flores, Gustavo Castillo, Santiago Tassara, Scott R Waitukaitis, and Nicolás Mujica. “Particle Size Scaling of Non-Gaussian Granular Charge Distributions.” Physical Review Materials. American Physical Society, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1103/qw6t-xqdw. ieee: M. Lara, M. Flores, G. Castillo, S. Tassara, S. R. Waitukaitis, and N. Mujica, “Particle size scaling of non-Gaussian granular charge distributions,” Physical Review Materials, vol. 10, no. 4. American Physical Society, 2026. ista: Lara M, Flores M, Castillo G, Tassara S, Waitukaitis SR, Mujica N. 2026. Particle size scaling of non-Gaussian granular charge distributions. Physical Review Materials. 10(4), 045604. mla: Lara, Macarena, et al. “Particle Size Scaling of Non-Gaussian Granular Charge Distributions.” Physical Review Materials, vol. 10, no. 4, 045604, American Physical Society, 2026, doi:10.1103/qw6t-xqdw. short: M. Lara, M. Flores, G. Castillo, S. Tassara, S.R. Waitukaitis, N. Mujica, Physical Review Materials 10 (2026). date_created: 2026-04-26T22:01:47Z date_published: 2026-04-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-04-28T07:13:56Z day: '01' department: - _id: ScWa doi: 10.1103/qw6t-xqdw intvolume: ' 10' issue: '4' language: - iso: eng month: '04' oa_version: None publication: Physical Review Materials publication_identifier: eissn: - 2475-9953 publication_status: published publisher: American Physical Society quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Particle size scaling of non-Gaussian granular charge distributions type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 10 year: '2026' ... --- OA_place: publisher OA_type: hybrid PlanS_conform: '1' _id: '21485' abstract: - lang: eng text: Insulating oxides are among the most abundant solid materials in the universe1,2,3. Of the many ways in which they influence natural phenomena, perhaps the most consequential is their capacity to transfer electrical charge during contact4,5,6,7,8,9,10—which occurs even between samples of the same oxide—yet the symmetry-breaking parameter that causes this remains unidentified11,12. Here we show that adventitious carbonaceous molecules adsorbed from the environment are the symmetry-breaking factor in same-material oxide contact electrification (CE). We use acoustic levitation to measure charge exchange between a sphere and a plate composed of identical amorphous silicon dioxide (SiO2). Although charging polarity is random for co-prepared samples, we control it with baking or plasma treatment. Observing the charge-exchange relaxation afterwards, we see dynamics over a timescale of hours and connect this directly to the presence of adventitious carbon with time-of-flight mass spectrometry, low-energy ion scattering and infrared spectroscopy. Going further, we confirm that adventitious carbon can even determine charge exchange among different oxides. Our results identify the symmetry-breaking parameter that causes insulating oxides to exchange charge in settings ranging from desert sands4 to volcanic plumes5,6, while simultaneously highlighting an overlooked factor in CE more broadly. acknowledged_ssus: - _id: M-Shop - _id: NanoFab - _id: ScienComp - _id: LifeSc acknowledgement: This project has received support from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement no. 949120) and from the Marie Skłodowska-Curie programme (grant agreement no. 754411). We acknowledge the state of Lower Austria and the European Regional Development Fund under grant no. WST3-F-542638/004-2021. N.M. acknowledges support from grant Fondecyt 1221597. G.G. is a Serra Húnter fellow. This research was supported by the Scientific Service Units of the Institute of Science and Technology Austria through resources provided by the Miba Machine Shop, Nanofabrication Facility, Scientific Computing facility and Lab Support Facility. We thank the Modic group for the use of the Laue camera, T. Zauner for the photography of the experimental set-up and R. Möller for insightful discussions. Open access funding provided by Institute of Science and Technology (IST Austria). article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal) article_type: original author: - first_name: Galien M full_name: Grosjean, Galien M id: 0C5FDA4A-9CF6-11E9-8939-FF05E6697425 last_name: Grosjean orcid: 0000-0001-5154-417X - first_name: Markus full_name: Ostermann, Markus last_name: Ostermann - first_name: Markus full_name: Sauer, Markus last_name: Sauer - first_name: Michael full_name: Hahn, Michael last_name: Hahn - first_name: Christian M. full_name: Pichler, Christian M. last_name: Pichler - first_name: Florian full_name: Fahrnberger, Florian last_name: Fahrnberger - first_name: Felix full_name: Pertl, Felix id: 6313aec0-15b2-11ec-abd3-ed67d16139af last_name: Pertl orcid: 0000-0003-0463-5794 - first_name: Daniel full_name: Balazs, Daniel id: 302BADF6-85FC-11EA-9E3B-B9493DDC885E last_name: Balazs orcid: 0000-0001-7597-043X - first_name: Mason M. full_name: Link, Mason M. last_name: Link - first_name: Seong H. full_name: Kim, Seong H. last_name: Kim - first_name: Devin L. full_name: Schrader, Devin L. last_name: Schrader - first_name: Adriana full_name: Blanco, Adriana last_name: Blanco - first_name: Francisco full_name: Gracia, Francisco last_name: Gracia - first_name: Nicolás full_name: Mujica, Nicolás last_name: Mujica - first_name: Scott R full_name: Waitukaitis, Scott R id: 3A1FFC16-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Waitukaitis orcid: 0000-0002-2299-3176 citation: ama: Grosjean GM, Ostermann M, Sauer M, et al. Adventitious carbon breaks symmetry in oxide contact electrification. Nature. 2026;651(8106):626-631. doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10088-w apa: Grosjean, G. M., Ostermann, M., Sauer, M., Hahn, M., Pichler, C. M., Fahrnberger, F., … Waitukaitis, S. R. (2026). Adventitious carbon breaks symmetry in oxide contact electrification. Nature. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-10088-w chicago: Grosjean, Galien M, Markus Ostermann, Markus Sauer, Michael Hahn, Christian M. Pichler, Florian Fahrnberger, Felix Pertl, et al. “Adventitious Carbon Breaks Symmetry in Oxide Contact Electrification.” Nature. Springer Nature, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-10088-w. ieee: G. M. Grosjean et al., “Adventitious carbon breaks symmetry in oxide contact electrification,” Nature, vol. 651, no. 8106. Springer Nature, pp. 626–631, 2026. ista: Grosjean GM, Ostermann M, Sauer M, Hahn M, Pichler CM, Fahrnberger F, Pertl F, Balazs D, Link MM, Kim SH, Schrader DL, Blanco A, Gracia F, Mujica N, Waitukaitis SR. 2026. Adventitious carbon breaks symmetry in oxide contact electrification. Nature. 651(8106), 626–631. mla: Grosjean, Galien M., et al. “Adventitious Carbon Breaks Symmetry in Oxide Contact Electrification.” Nature, vol. 651, no. 8106, Springer Nature, 2026, pp. 626–31, doi:10.1038/s41586-025-10088-w. short: G.M. Grosjean, M. Ostermann, M. Sauer, M. Hahn, C.M. Pichler, F. Fahrnberger, F. Pertl, D. Balazs, M.M. Link, S.H. Kim, D.L. Schrader, A. Blanco, F. Gracia, N. Mujica, S.R. Waitukaitis, Nature 651 (2026) 626–631. corr_author: '1' date_created: 2026-03-23T15:04:00Z date_published: 2026-03-18T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-04-28T12:06:01Z day: '18' ddc: - '540' department: - _id: ScWa - _id: GradSch - _id: LifeSc doi: 10.1038/s41586-025-10088-w ec_funded: 1 external_id: pmid: - '41851325' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: dafef9ed575b44be4263e948a47ae056 content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2026-03-24T06:57:08Z date_updated: 2026-03-24T06:57:08Z file_id: '21494' file_name: 2026_Nature_Grosjean.pdf file_size: 12245694 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2026-03-24T06:57:08Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 651' issue: '8106' language: - iso: eng month: '03' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 626-631 pmid: 1 project: - _id: 0aa60e99-070f-11eb-9043-a6de6bdc3afa call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '949120' name: 'Tribocharge: a multi-scale approach to an enduring problem in physics' - _id: 260C2330-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '754411' name: ISTplus - Postdoctoral Fellowships publication: Nature publication_identifier: eissn: - 1476-4687 issn: - 0028-0836 publication_status: published publisher: Springer Nature quality_controlled: '1' related_material: link: - description: News on ISTA website relation: press_release url: https://ista.ac.at/en/news/colliding-dust-and-the-sparks-of-creation/ status: public title: Adventitious carbon breaks symmetry in oxide contact electrification tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd volume: 651 year: '2026' ... --- OA_place: publisher OA_type: hybrid PlanS_conform: '1' _id: '21982' abstract: - lang: eng text: A floating Leidenfrost droplet exhibits curvature inversion of its underside, due to the balance of vapor pressure and surface tension. Using interferometric imaging, we find different behavior for a levitated hydrogel sphere. Curvature inversion is observed briefly just after deposition, but quickly gives way to a steady state with no inversion. We show the essential role of vaporization in shaping the underbelly of the hydrogel, where changes due to direct mass loss are more significant than the balance of vapor pressure and elastic forces. acknowledged_ssus: - _id: M-Shop - _id: ScienComp acknowledgement: This research was supported by the Scientific Service Units of The Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA) through resources provided by the Miba Machine Shop and the Scientific Computing Facility. J.B. acknowledges funding from the European Union's Horizon research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 101106500. article_number: L053502 article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal) article_type: letter_note arxiv: 1 author: - first_name: Vicente L full_name: Diaz Melian, Vicente L id: b6798902-eea0-11ea-9cbc-a8e14286c631 last_name: Diaz Melian - first_name: Isaac C full_name: Lenton, Isaac C id: a550210f-223c-11ec-8182-e2d45e817efb last_name: Lenton orcid: 0000-0002-5010-6984 - first_name: Jack full_name: Binysh, Jack last_name: Binysh - first_name: Anton full_name: Souslov, Anton last_name: Souslov - first_name: Scott R full_name: Waitukaitis, Scott R id: 3A1FFC16-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Waitukaitis orcid: 0000-0002-2299-3176 citation: ama: Diaz Melian VL, Lenton IC, Binysh J, Souslov A, Waitukaitis SR. Geometry of the vapor layer under a Leidenfrost hydrogel sphere. Physical Review E. 2026;113(5). doi:10.1103/m7gr-2t6j apa: Diaz Melian, V. L., Lenton, I. C., Binysh, J., Souslov, A., & Waitukaitis, S. R. (2026). Geometry of the vapor layer under a Leidenfrost hydrogel sphere. Physical Review E. American Physical Society. https://doi.org/10.1103/m7gr-2t6j chicago: Diaz Melian, Vicente L, Isaac C Lenton, Jack Binysh, Anton Souslov, and Scott R Waitukaitis. “Geometry of the Vapor Layer under a Leidenfrost Hydrogel Sphere.” Physical Review E. American Physical Society, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1103/m7gr-2t6j. ieee: V. L. Diaz Melian, I. C. Lenton, J. Binysh, A. Souslov, and S. R. Waitukaitis, “Geometry of the vapor layer under a Leidenfrost hydrogel sphere,” Physical Review E, vol. 113, no. 5. American Physical Society, 2026. ista: Diaz Melian VL, Lenton IC, Binysh J, Souslov A, Waitukaitis SR. 2026. Geometry of the vapor layer under a Leidenfrost hydrogel sphere. Physical Review E. 113(5), L053502. mla: Diaz Melian, Vicente L., et al. “Geometry of the Vapor Layer under a Leidenfrost Hydrogel Sphere.” Physical Review E, vol. 113, no. 5, L053502, American Physical Society, 2026, doi:10.1103/m7gr-2t6j. short: V.L. Diaz Melian, I.C. Lenton, J. Binysh, A. Souslov, S.R. Waitukaitis, Physical Review E 113 (2026). corr_author: '1' date_created: 2026-06-10T07:36:41Z date_published: 2026-05-14T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-06-16T11:24:18Z day: '14' ddc: - '530' department: - _id: ScWa - _id: GradSch doi: 10.1103/m7gr-2t6j external_id: arxiv: - '2507.04982' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 902cc8d177c8d3ae9cfe07c30375c9a9 content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2026-06-16T11:21:53Z date_updated: 2026-06-16T11:21:53Z file_id: '22014' file_name: 2026_PhysicalReviewE_DiazMelian.pdf file_size: 3173197 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2026-06-16T11:21:53Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 113' issue: '5' language: - iso: eng month: '05' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version publication: Physical Review E publication_identifier: eissn: - 2470-0053 issn: - 2470-0045 publication_status: published publisher: American Physical Society quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Geometry of the vapor layer under a Leidenfrost hydrogel sphere tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 113 year: '2026' ... --- DOAJ_listed: '1' OA_place: publisher OA_type: gold PlanS_conform: '1' _id: '20295' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'Scanning Kelvin probe microscopy (SKPM) is a powerful technique for macroscopic imaging of the electrostatic potential above a surface. Though most often used to image work-function variations of conductive surfaces, it can also be used to probe the surface charge on insulating surfaces. In both cases, relating the measured potential to the underlying signal is non-trivial. Here, general relationships are derived between the measured SKPM voltage and the underlying source, revealing either can be cast as a convolution with an appropriately scaled point spread function (PSF). For charge that exists on a thin insulating layer above a conductor, the PSF has the same shape as what would occur from a work-function variation alone, differing by a simple scaling factor. This relationship is confirmed by: (1) backing it out from finite-element simulations of work-function and charge signals, and (2) experimentally comparing the measured PSF from a small work-function target to that from a small charge spot. This scaling factor is further validated by comparing SKPM charge measurements with Faraday cup measurements for highly charged samples from contact-charging experiments. These results highlight a heretofore unappreciated connection between SKPM voltage and charge signals, offering a rigorous recipe to extract either from experimental data.' acknowledged_ssus: - _id: M-Shop - _id: NanoFab - _id: ScienComp - _id: LifeSc acknowledgement: This project received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant agreement No. 949120). This research was supported by the Scientific Service Units of The Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA) through resources provided by the Miba Machine Shop, Nanofabrication Facility, Scientific Computing Facility, and Lab Support Facility. The authors wish to thank Dmytro Rak and Juan Carlos Sobarzo for letting us use their equipment. The authors wish to thank Evgeniia Volobueva for advice in preparing PFIB samples. The authors wish to thank the contributions of the whole Waitukaitis group for useful discussions and feedback. article_number: e00521 article_processing_charge: Yes article_type: original arxiv: 1 author: - first_name: Isaac C full_name: Lenton, Isaac C id: a550210f-223c-11ec-8182-e2d45e817efb last_name: Lenton orcid: 0000-0002-5010-6984 - first_name: Felix full_name: Pertl, Felix id: 6313aec0-15b2-11ec-abd3-ed67d16139af last_name: Pertl orcid: 0000-0003-0463-5794 - first_name: Lubuna B full_name: Shafeek, Lubuna B id: 3CD37A82-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Shafeek orcid: 0000-0001-7180-6050 - first_name: Scott R full_name: Waitukaitis, Scott R id: 3A1FFC16-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Waitukaitis orcid: 0000-0002-2299-3176 citation: ama: Lenton IC, Pertl F, Shafeek LB, Waitukaitis SR. A duality between surface charge and work function in scanning Kelvin probe microscopy. Advanced Materials Interfaces. 2025;12(19). doi:10.1002/admi.202500521 apa: Lenton, I. C., Pertl, F., Shafeek, L. B., & Waitukaitis, S. R. (2025). A duality between surface charge and work function in scanning Kelvin probe microscopy. Advanced Materials Interfaces. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.202500521 chicago: Lenton, Isaac C, Felix Pertl, Lubuna B Shafeek, and Scott R Waitukaitis. “A Duality between Surface Charge and Work Function in Scanning Kelvin Probe Microscopy.” Advanced Materials Interfaces. Wiley, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.202500521. ieee: I. C. Lenton, F. Pertl, L. B. Shafeek, and S. R. Waitukaitis, “A duality between surface charge and work function in scanning Kelvin probe microscopy,” Advanced Materials Interfaces, vol. 12, no. 19. Wiley, 2025. ista: Lenton IC, Pertl F, Shafeek LB, Waitukaitis SR. 2025. A duality between surface charge and work function in scanning Kelvin probe microscopy. Advanced Materials Interfaces. 12(19), e00521. mla: Lenton, Isaac C., et al. “A Duality between Surface Charge and Work Function in Scanning Kelvin Probe Microscopy.” Advanced Materials Interfaces, vol. 12, no. 19, e00521, Wiley, 2025, doi:10.1002/admi.202500521. short: I.C. Lenton, F. Pertl, L.B. Shafeek, S.R. Waitukaitis, Advanced Materials Interfaces 12 (2025). corr_author: '1' date_created: 2025-09-07T22:01:33Z date_published: 2025-10-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2025-12-30T09:31:25Z day: '01' ddc: - '530' department: - _id: ScWa - _id: NanoFab doi: 10.1002/admi.202500521 ec_funded: 1 external_id: arxiv: - '2506.07187' isi: - '001560163400001' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 906fcc7733be8ce8a83600427b82cd5a content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2025-12-30T09:31:11Z date_updated: 2025-12-30T09:31:11Z file_id: '20908' file_name: 2025_AdvMaterialsInterfaces_Lenton.pdf file_size: 1830117 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2025-12-30T09:31:11Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 12' isi: 1 issue: '19' language: - iso: eng month: '10' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version project: - _id: 0aa60e99-070f-11eb-9043-a6de6bdc3afa call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '949120' name: 'Tribocharge: a multi-scale approach to an enduring problem in physics' publication: Advanced Materials Interfaces publication_identifier: eissn: - 2196-7350 publication_status: published publisher: Wiley quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: A duality between surface charge and work function in scanning Kelvin probe microscopy tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 12 year: '2025' ... --- OA_place: publisher OA_type: hybrid PlanS_conform: '1' _id: '20481' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) is widely used in stationary and dynamic studies of contact electrification. An obvious question that connects these two has been overlooked: when are charge dynamics too fast for stationary studies to be meaningful? Using a rapid transfer system to quickly perform KPFM after contact, we find the dynamics are too fast in all but the best insulators. Our data further suggest that dynamics are caused by bulk as opposed to surface conductivity, and that charge-transfer heterogeneity is less prevalent than previously suggested.' acknowledged_ssus: - _id: M-Shop - _id: NanoFab - _id: LifeSc acknowledgement: This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant agreement No. 949120). This research was supported by the Scientific Service Units of The Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA) through resources provided by the Miba Machine Shop, the Nanofabrication Facility and Lab Support Facility. article_number: '146202' article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal) article_type: original arxiv: 1 author: - first_name: Felix full_name: Pertl, Felix id: 6313aec0-15b2-11ec-abd3-ed67d16139af last_name: Pertl orcid: 0000-0003-0463-5794 - first_name: Isaac C full_name: Lenton, Isaac C id: a550210f-223c-11ec-8182-e2d45e817efb last_name: Lenton orcid: 0000-0002-5010-6984 - first_name: Tobias full_name: Cramer, Tobias last_name: Cramer - first_name: Scott R full_name: Waitukaitis, Scott R id: 3A1FFC16-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Waitukaitis orcid: 0000-0002-2299-3176 citation: ama: 'Pertl F, Lenton IC, Cramer T, Waitukaitis SR. No time for surface charge: How bulk conductivity hides charge patterns from Kelvin probe force microscopy in contact-electrified surfaces. Physical Review Letters. 2025;135(14). doi:10.1103/lcsm-xxty' apa: 'Pertl, F., Lenton, I. C., Cramer, T., & Waitukaitis, S. R. (2025). No time for surface charge: How bulk conductivity hides charge patterns from Kelvin probe force microscopy in contact-electrified surfaces. Physical Review Letters. American Physical Society. https://doi.org/10.1103/lcsm-xxty' chicago: 'Pertl, Felix, Isaac C Lenton, Tobias Cramer, and Scott R Waitukaitis. “No Time for Surface Charge: How Bulk Conductivity Hides Charge Patterns from Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy in Contact-Electrified Surfaces.” Physical Review Letters. American Physical Society, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1103/lcsm-xxty.' ieee: 'F. Pertl, I. C. Lenton, T. Cramer, and S. R. Waitukaitis, “No time for surface charge: How bulk conductivity hides charge patterns from Kelvin probe force microscopy in contact-electrified surfaces,” Physical Review Letters, vol. 135, no. 14. American Physical Society, 2025.' ista: 'Pertl F, Lenton IC, Cramer T, Waitukaitis SR. 2025. No time for surface charge: How bulk conductivity hides charge patterns from Kelvin probe force microscopy in contact-electrified surfaces. Physical Review Letters. 135(14), 146202.' mla: 'Pertl, Felix, et al. “No Time for Surface Charge: How Bulk Conductivity Hides Charge Patterns from Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy in Contact-Electrified Surfaces.” Physical Review Letters, vol. 135, no. 14, 146202, American Physical Society, 2025, doi:10.1103/lcsm-xxty.' short: F. Pertl, I.C. Lenton, T. Cramer, S.R. Waitukaitis, Physical Review Letters 135 (2025). corr_author: '1' date_created: 2025-10-16T13:13:29Z date_published: 2025-09-30T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2025-12-01T14:57:53Z day: '30' ddc: - '530' department: - _id: ScWa doi: 10.1103/lcsm-xxty ec_funded: 1 external_id: arxiv: - '2502.12718' isi: - '001587263900003' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 7e45e89b8db0b7f01e63185c68e4b0f9 content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2025-10-23T09:32:31Z date_updated: 2025-10-23T09:32:31Z file_id: '20522' file_name: 2025_PhysReviewLetters_Pertl.pdf file_size: 1692251 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2025-10-23T09:32:31Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 135' isi: 1 issue: '14' language: - iso: eng month: '09' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version project: - _id: 0aa60e99-070f-11eb-9043-a6de6bdc3afa call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '949120' name: 'Tribocharge: a multi-scale approach to an enduring problem in physics' publication: Physical Review Letters publication_identifier: eissn: - 1079-7114 issn: - 0031-9007 publication_status: published publisher: American Physical Society quality_controlled: '1' related_material: record: - id: '20523' relation: research_data status: public scopus_import: '1' status: public title: 'No time for surface charge: How bulk conductivity hides charge patterns from Kelvin probe force microscopy in contact-electrified surfaces' tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 135 year: '2025' ... --- OA_place: repository OA_type: green _id: '20523' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'Includes all data and Python code needed to reproduce figures for the publication: No Time for Surface Charge: How Bulk Conductivity Hides Charge Patterns from Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy in Contact-Electrified Surfaces.' article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Felix full_name: Pertl, Felix id: 6313aec0-15b2-11ec-abd3-ed67d16139af last_name: Pertl orcid: 0000-0003-0463-5794 citation: ama: 'Pertl F. No Time for Surface Charge: How Bulk Conductivity Hides Charge Patterns from Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy in Contact-Electrified Surfaces. 2025. doi:10.5281/ZENODO.14888054' apa: 'Pertl, F. (2025). No Time for Surface Charge: How Bulk Conductivity Hides Charge Patterns from Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy in Contact-Electrified Surfaces. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.14888054' chicago: 'Pertl, Felix. “No Time for Surface Charge: How Bulk Conductivity Hides Charge Patterns from Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy in Contact-Electrified Surfaces.” Zenodo, 2025. https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.14888054.' ieee: 'F. Pertl, “No Time for Surface Charge: How Bulk Conductivity Hides Charge Patterns from Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy in Contact-Electrified Surfaces.” Zenodo, 2025.' ista: 'Pertl F. 2025. No Time for Surface Charge: How Bulk Conductivity Hides Charge Patterns from Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy in Contact-Electrified Surfaces, Zenodo, 10.5281/ZENODO.14888054.' mla: 'Pertl, Felix. No Time for Surface Charge: How Bulk Conductivity Hides Charge Patterns from Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy in Contact-Electrified Surfaces. Zenodo, 2025, doi:10.5281/ZENODO.14888054.' short: F. Pertl, (2025). corr_author: '1' date_created: 2025-10-23T09:34:58Z date_published: 2025-02-18T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2025-12-01T14:57:52Z day: '18' ddc: - '530' department: - _id: ScWa doi: 10.5281/ZENODO.14888054 ec_funded: 1 has_accepted_license: '1' main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.14888054 month: '02' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version project: - _id: 0aa60e99-070f-11eb-9043-a6de6bdc3afa call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '949120' name: 'Tribocharge: a multi-scale approach to an enduring problem in physics' publisher: Zenodo related_material: record: - id: '20481' relation: used_in_publication status: public status: public title: 'No Time for Surface Charge: How Bulk Conductivity Hides Charge Patterns from Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy in Contact-Electrified Surfaces' tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: research_data_reference user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 year: '2025' ... --- OA_place: publisher OA_type: hybrid PlanS_conform: '1' _id: '20847' abstract: - lang: eng text: "We report on an experimental active matter system with motion restricted to four cardinal directions. Our particles are magnetite-doped colloidal spheres driven by the Quincke electrorotational instability. The absence of a magnetic field (|\U0001D469|=0) leads to circular trajectories interspersed with short spontaneous runs. Intermediate fields (|\U0001D469|≲20mT) linearize the motion along the axis perpendicular to \U0001D469. At high magnetic fields, we observe the surprising emergence of a second, distinct linearization along the axis parallel to \U0001D469. With numerical simulations, we show that this behavior can be explained by anisotropic magnetic susceptibility." acknowledged_ssus: - _id: M-Shop - _id: NanoFab - _id: ScienComp - _id: LifeSc acknowledgement: "This research was funded in whole or in part by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [Grant DOI: 10.55776/ESP298]. This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant\r\nAgreement No. 949120). This research was supported by the Scientific Service Units of The Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA) through resources provided by the Miba Machine Shop, Nanofabrication Facility, Scientific Computing Facility, and Lab Support Facility. We wish to acknowledge the crucial contributions of Alexandre Morin in getting the project off the ground, and Jack Merrin for creating the SU-8 deposition protocol used in the construction of our\r\ncells. We also wish to thank Kimberley Modic and Hamza Nasir for their work on single-particle characterization. " article_number: '065418' article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal) article_type: original arxiv: 1 author: - first_name: Eavan full_name: Fitzgerald, Eavan id: 2df8ab8f-080d-11ed-979a-bfe651ca3afa last_name: Fitzgerald - first_name: Cécile full_name: Clavaud, Cécile id: 5f654c5d-04a1-11eb-ab36-ba9ffec58bd8 last_name: Clavaud orcid: 0000-0002-1843-3803 - first_name: Debasish full_name: Das, Debasish last_name: Das - first_name: Isaac C full_name: Lenton, Isaac C id: a550210f-223c-11ec-8182-e2d45e817efb last_name: Lenton orcid: 0000-0002-5010-6984 - first_name: Scott R full_name: Waitukaitis, Scott R id: 3A1FFC16-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Waitukaitis orcid: 0000-0002-2299-3176 citation: ama: 'Fitzgerald E, Clavaud C, Das D, Lenton IC, Waitukaitis SR. Rolling at right angles: Magnetic anisotropy enables dual-anisotropic active matter. Physical Review E. 2025;112(6). doi:10.1103/1ss8-31rb' apa: 'Fitzgerald, E., Clavaud, C., Das, D., Lenton, I. C., & Waitukaitis, S. R. (2025). Rolling at right angles: Magnetic anisotropy enables dual-anisotropic active matter. Physical Review E. American Physical Society. https://doi.org/10.1103/1ss8-31rb' chicago: 'Fitzgerald, Eavan, Cécile Clavaud, Debasish Das, Isaac C Lenton, and Scott R Waitukaitis. “Rolling at Right Angles: Magnetic Anisotropy Enables Dual-Anisotropic Active Matter.” Physical Review E. American Physical Society, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1103/1ss8-31rb.' ieee: 'E. Fitzgerald, C. Clavaud, D. Das, I. C. Lenton, and S. R. Waitukaitis, “Rolling at right angles: Magnetic anisotropy enables dual-anisotropic active matter,” Physical Review E, vol. 112, no. 6. American Physical Society, 2025.' ista: 'Fitzgerald E, Clavaud C, Das D, Lenton IC, Waitukaitis SR. 2025. Rolling at right angles: Magnetic anisotropy enables dual-anisotropic active matter. Physical Review E. 112(6), 065418.' mla: 'Fitzgerald, Eavan, et al. “Rolling at Right Angles: Magnetic Anisotropy Enables Dual-Anisotropic Active Matter.” Physical Review E, vol. 112, no. 6, 065418, American Physical Society, 2025, doi:10.1103/1ss8-31rb.' short: E. Fitzgerald, C. Clavaud, D. Das, I.C. Lenton, S.R. Waitukaitis, Physical Review E 112 (2025). corr_author: '1' date_created: 2025-12-21T23:01:34Z date_published: 2025-12-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2025-12-29T11:19:34Z day: '01' ddc: - '530' department: - _id: ScWa doi: 10.1103/1ss8-31rb ec_funded: 1 external_id: arxiv: - '2508.05643' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: d593e933f976c3f3cde37ad66539d57d content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2025-12-29T11:15:42Z date_updated: 2025-12-29T11:15:42Z file_id: '20862' file_name: 2025_PhysReviewE_Fitzgerald.pdf file_size: 2131491 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2025-12-29T11:15:42Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 112' issue: '6' language: - iso: eng month: '12' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version project: - _id: bd8eede5-d553-11ed-ba76-eaded0d13485 grant_number: E 298 name: 'MixQUIckR: Mixing with QUIncke Rollers' - _id: 0aa60e99-070f-11eb-9043-a6de6bdc3afa call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '949120' name: 'Tribocharge: a multi-scale approach to an enduring problem in physics' publication: Physical Review E publication_identifier: eissn: - 2470-0053 issn: - 2470-0045 publication_status: published publisher: American Physical Society quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: 'Rolling at right angles: Magnetic anisotropy enables dual-anisotropic active matter' tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 112 year: '2025' ... --- OA_place: publisher OA_type: hybrid PlanS_conform: '1' _id: '20705' abstract: - lang: eng text: Optical tweezers are widely used as a highly sensitive tool to measure forces on micron-scale particles. One such application is the measurement of the electric charge of a particle, which can be done with high precision in liquids, air, or vacuum. We experimentally investigate how the trapping laser itself can electrically charge such a particle, in our case a ∼1  μ⁢m SiO2 sphere in air. We model the charging mechanism as a two-photon process which reproduces the experimental data with high fidelity. acknowledged_ssus: - _id: M-Shop - _id: ScienComp acknowledgement: We thank Todor Asenov and Abdulhamid Baghdadi for their outstanding technical support and Dr. Michael Gleichweit and Mercede Azizbaig Mohajer for the helpful discussions. This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant Agreements No. 949120 and No. 805041) and the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF, Project No. 200021-236446). This research was supported by the Scientific Service Units of the Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA) through resources provided by the Miba Machine Shop and the Scientific Computing service unit. article_number: '218202' article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal) article_type: original arxiv: 1 author: - first_name: Andrea full_name: Stöllner, Andrea id: 4bdcf7f6-eb97-11eb-a6c2-9981bbdc3bed last_name: Stöllner orcid: 0000-0002-0464-8440 - first_name: Isaac C full_name: Lenton, Isaac C id: a550210f-223c-11ec-8182-e2d45e817efb last_name: Lenton orcid: 0000-0002-5010-6984 - first_name: Artem full_name: Volosniev, Artem id: 37D278BC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Volosniev orcid: 0000-0003-0393-5525 - first_name: James full_name: Millen, James last_name: Millen - first_name: Renjiro full_name: Shibuya, Renjiro last_name: Shibuya - first_name: Hisao full_name: Ishii, Hisao last_name: Ishii - first_name: Dmytro full_name: Rak, Dmytro id: 70313b46-47c2-11ec-9e88-cd79101918fe last_name: Rak - first_name: Zhanybek full_name: Alpichshev, Zhanybek id: 45E67A2A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Alpichshev orcid: 0000-0002-7183-5203 - first_name: Grégory full_name: David, Grégory last_name: David - first_name: Ruth full_name: Signorell, Ruth last_name: Signorell - first_name: Caroline J full_name: Muller, Caroline J id: f978ccb0-3f7f-11eb-b193-b0e2bd13182b last_name: Muller orcid: 0000-0001-5836-5350 - first_name: Scott R full_name: Waitukaitis, Scott R id: 3A1FFC16-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Waitukaitis orcid: 0000-0002-2299-3176 citation: ama: Stöllner A, Lenton IC, Volosniev A, et al. Using optical tweezers to simultaneously trap, charge, and measure the charge of a microparticle in air. Physical Review Letters. 2025;135(21). doi:10.1103/5xd9-4tjj apa: Stöllner, A., Lenton, I. C., Volosniev, A., Millen, J., Shibuya, R., Ishii, H., … Waitukaitis, S. R. (2025). Using optical tweezers to simultaneously trap, charge, and measure the charge of a microparticle in air. Physical Review Letters. American Physical Society. https://doi.org/10.1103/5xd9-4tjj chicago: Stöllner, Andrea, Isaac C Lenton, Artem Volosniev, James Millen, Renjiro Shibuya, Hisao Ishii, Dmytro Rak, et al. “Using Optical Tweezers to Simultaneously Trap, Charge, and Measure the Charge of a Microparticle in Air.” Physical Review Letters. American Physical Society, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1103/5xd9-4tjj. ieee: A. Stöllner et al., “Using optical tweezers to simultaneously trap, charge, and measure the charge of a microparticle in air,” Physical Review Letters, vol. 135, no. 21. American Physical Society, 2025. ista: Stöllner A, Lenton IC, Volosniev A, Millen J, Shibuya R, Ishii H, Rak D, Alpichshev Z, David G, Signorell R, Muller CJ, Waitukaitis SR. 2025. Using optical tweezers to simultaneously trap, charge, and measure the charge of a microparticle in air. Physical Review Letters. 135(21), 218202. mla: Stöllner, Andrea, et al. “Using Optical Tweezers to Simultaneously Trap, Charge, and Measure the Charge of a Microparticle in Air.” Physical Review Letters, vol. 135, no. 21, 218202, American Physical Society, 2025, doi:10.1103/5xd9-4tjj. short: A. Stöllner, I.C. Lenton, A. Volosniev, J. Millen, R. Shibuya, H. Ishii, D. Rak, Z. Alpichshev, G. David, R. Signorell, C.J. Muller, S.R. Waitukaitis, Physical Review Letters 135 (2025). corr_author: '1' date_created: 2025-11-30T23:02:07Z date_published: 2025-11-21T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-04-28T13:09:27Z day: '21' ddc: - '530' - '550' department: - _id: ZhAl - _id: CaMu - _id: ScWa doi: 10.1103/5xd9-4tjj ec_funded: 1 external_id: arxiv: - '2507.17591' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: a5f76b1230cc7b039ecd0dbd6f99e775 content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2025-12-01T08:19:46Z date_updated: 2025-12-01T08:19:46Z file_id: '20717' file_name: 2025_PhysReviewLetters_Stoellner.pdf file_size: 1761373 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2025-12-01T08:19:46Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 135' issue: '21' language: - iso: eng month: '11' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version project: - _id: 0aa60e99-070f-11eb-9043-a6de6bdc3afa call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '949120' name: 'Tribocharge: a multi-scale approach to an enduring problem in physics' - _id: 629205d8-2b32-11ec-9570-e1356ff73576 call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '805041' name: Organization of CLoUdS, and implications of Tropical cyclones and for the Energetics of the tropics, in current and waRming climate publication: Physical Review Letters publication_identifier: eissn: - 1079-7114 issn: - 0031-9007 publication_status: published publisher: American Physical Society quality_controlled: '1' related_material: link: - description: News on ISTA website relation: press_release url: https://ista.ac.at/en/news/trapping-particles-to-explain-lightning/ scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Using optical tweezers to simultaneously trap, charge, and measure the charge of a microparticle in air tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd volume: 135 year: '2025' ... --- OA_place: publisher OA_type: hybrid _id: '19278' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'When two insulating, neutral materials are contacted and separated, they exchange electrical charge1. Experiments have long suggested that this ‘contact electrification’ is transitive, with different materials ordering into ‘triboelectric series’ based on the sign of charge acquired2. At the same time, the effect is plagued by unpredictability, preventing consensus on the mechanism and casting doubt on the rhyme and reason that series imply3. Here we expose an unanticipated connection between the unpredictability and order in contact electrification: nominally identical materials initially exchange charge randomly and intransitively, but—over repeated experiments—order into triboelectric series. We find that this evolution is driven by the act of contact itself—samples with more contacts in their history charge negatively to ones with fewer contacts. Capturing this ‘contact bias’ in a minimal model, we recreate both the initial randomness and ultimate order in numerical simulations and use it experimentally to force the appearance of a triboelectric series of our choosing. With a set of surface-sensitive techniques to search for the underlying alterations contact creates, we only find evidence of nanoscale morphological changes, pointing to a mechanism strongly coupled with mechanics. Our results highlight the centrality of contact history in contact electrification and suggest that focusing on the unpredictability that has long plagued the effect may hold the key to understanding it.' acknowledged_ssus: - _id: M-Shop - _id: NanoFab - _id: ScienComp - _id: EM-Fac - _id: LifeSc acknowledgement: This project has received financing from the European Research Council grant agreement no. 949120 under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme. The Analytical Instrumentation Center of the TU Wien acknowledges support by the FFG project ‘ELSA’ under grant no. 884672. C.M.P. and M.O. acknowledge the state of Lower Austria and the European Regional Development Fund under grant no. WST3-F-542638/004-2021. This research was supported by the Scientific Service Units of the Institute of Science and Technology Austria through resources provided by the Miba Machine Shop, Nanofabrication Facility, Scientific Computing facility, Electron Microscopy Facility and Lab Support Facility. We thank J. Garcia-Suarez and G. Anciaux for the suggestion to look into the roughness power spectral density. We thank I.-M. Strugaru for help with testing the device for Young’s modulus measurements. Open access funding provided by Institute of Science and Technology (IST Austria). article_number: 664-669 article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal) article_type: original author: - first_name: Juan Carlos A full_name: Sobarzo Ponce, Juan Carlos A id: 4B807D68-AE37-11E9-AC72-31CAE5697425 last_name: Sobarzo Ponce - first_name: Felix full_name: Pertl, Felix id: 6313aec0-15b2-11ec-abd3-ed67d16139af last_name: Pertl orcid: 0000-0003-0463-5794 - first_name: Daniel full_name: Balazs, Daniel id: 302BADF6-85FC-11EA-9E3B-B9493DDC885E last_name: Balazs orcid: 0000-0001-7597-043X - first_name: Tommaso full_name: Costanzo, Tommaso id: D93824F4-D9BA-11E9-BB12-F207E6697425 last_name: Costanzo orcid: 0000-0001-9732-3815 - first_name: Markus full_name: Sauer, Markus last_name: Sauer - first_name: Annette full_name: Foelske, Annette last_name: Foelske - first_name: Markus full_name: Ostermann, Markus last_name: Ostermann - first_name: Christian M. full_name: Pichler, Christian M. last_name: Pichler - first_name: Yongkang full_name: Wang, Yongkang last_name: Wang - first_name: Yuki full_name: Nagata, Yuki last_name: Nagata - first_name: Mischa full_name: Bonn, Mischa last_name: Bonn - first_name: Scott R full_name: Waitukaitis, Scott R id: 3A1FFC16-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Waitukaitis orcid: 0000-0002-2299-3176 citation: ama: Sobarzo Ponce JCA, Pertl F, Balazs D, et al. Spontaneous ordering of identical materials into a triboelectric series. Nature. 2025;638(8051). doi:10.1038/s41586-024-08530-6 apa: Sobarzo Ponce, J. C. A., Pertl, F., Balazs, D., Costanzo, T., Sauer, M., Foelske, A., … Waitukaitis, S. R. (2025). Spontaneous ordering of identical materials into a triboelectric series. Nature. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-08530-6 chicago: Sobarzo Ponce, Juan Carlos A, Felix Pertl, Daniel Balazs, Tommaso Costanzo, Markus Sauer, Annette Foelske, Markus Ostermann, et al. “Spontaneous Ordering of Identical Materials into a Triboelectric Series.” Nature. Springer Nature, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-08530-6. ieee: J. C. A. Sobarzo Ponce et al., “Spontaneous ordering of identical materials into a triboelectric series,” Nature, vol. 638, no. 8051. Springer Nature, 2025. ista: Sobarzo Ponce JCA, Pertl F, Balazs D, Costanzo T, Sauer M, Foelske A, Ostermann M, Pichler CM, Wang Y, Nagata Y, Bonn M, Waitukaitis SR. 2025. Spontaneous ordering of identical materials into a triboelectric series. Nature. 638(8051), 664–669. mla: Sobarzo Ponce, Juan Carlos A., et al. “Spontaneous Ordering of Identical Materials into a Triboelectric Series.” Nature, vol. 638, no. 8051, 664–669, Springer Nature, 2025, doi:10.1038/s41586-024-08530-6. short: J.C.A. Sobarzo Ponce, F. Pertl, D. Balazs, T. Costanzo, M. Sauer, A. Foelske, M. Ostermann, C.M. Pichler, Y. Wang, Y. Nagata, M. Bonn, S.R. Waitukaitis, Nature 638 (2025). corr_author: '1' date_created: 2025-03-02T23:01:52Z date_published: 2025-02-20T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-04-28T13:44:56Z day: '20' ddc: - '530' department: - _id: ScWa - _id: LifeSc - _id: EM-Fac doi: 10.1038/s41586-024-08530-6 ec_funded: 1 external_id: isi: - '001428076100015' pmid: - '39972227' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: fecf302274dd3218d3e7dd22f39a6c0c content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2025-03-04T10:05:18Z date_updated: 2025-03-04T10:05:18Z file_id: '19289' file_name: 2025_Nature_Sobarzo.pdf file_size: 3807415 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2025-03-04T10:05:18Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 638' isi: 1 issue: '8051' language: - iso: eng month: '02' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version pmid: 1 project: - _id: 0aa60e99-070f-11eb-9043-a6de6bdc3afa call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '949120' name: 'Tribocharge: a multi-scale approach to an enduring problem in physics' publication: Nature publication_identifier: eissn: - 1476-4687 issn: - 0028-0836 publication_status: published publisher: Springer Nature quality_controlled: '1' related_material: link: - description: News on ISTA website relation: press_release url: https://ista.ac.at/en/news/an-electrifying-turn-in-an-age-old-quest/ record: - id: '20203' relation: dissertation_contains status: public scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Spontaneous ordering of identical materials into a triboelectric series tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd volume: 638 year: '2025' ... --- OA_place: publisher _id: '20203' abstract: - lang: eng text: Tribocharging, or contact electrification, is the phenomenon in which two initially neutral materials exchange electric charge through contact and subsequent separation. While it is widely observed in everyday life and crucial to numerous natural processes, even the most basic aspects of tribocharging are still a mystery—what are the charge carriers involved and what drives their exchange? This work spans three separate projects that address different aspects of tribocharging. First, we introduce a novel strategy combining Finite Element Method (FEM) simulations with Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy (KPFM) to quantitatively extract surface charge density from surface voltage maps. Second, we present a simple theoretical model that allows for the existence of triboelectric cycles, under the assumption that multiple charge carrying species are involved. Third, we present experimental evidence that identical materials can spontaneously evolve into a triboelectric series, driven by contact history. Modeling this behavior enables the replication of experimental results with simulations, and even experimentally forcing the appearance of a pre-designed series by manipulating contact history. Together, the findings from these projects challenge traditional views on tribocharging, provide new tools for probing it, and open up new avenues of research—all with the hopes of bringing us closer to understanding this puzzling phenomenon. acknowledged_ssus: - _id: M-Shop - _id: NanoFab - _id: EM-Fac - _id: LifeSc - _id: ScienComp acknowledgement: "The project in Chapter 2 has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under\r\nthe European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant Agreement\r\nNo. 949120).\r\nThe project in Chapter 3 has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under\r\nthe European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant Agreement\r\nNo. 949120).\r\nThe project in Chapter 4 has received financing from the European Research Council grant\r\nagreement No. 949120 under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation\r\nprogramme. The Analytical Instrumentation Center of the TU Wien acknowledges support by\r\nthe FFG project ‘ELSA’ under grant no. 884672. C.M.P. and M.O. acknowledge the state\r\nof Lower Austria and the European Regional Development Fund under grant no. WST3-F542638/004-2021.\r\n" alternative_title: - ISTA Thesis article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Juan Carlos A full_name: Sobarzo Ponce, Juan Carlos A id: 4B807D68-AE37-11E9-AC72-31CAE5697425 last_name: Sobarzo Ponce citation: ama: 'Sobarzo Ponce JCA. Tribocharging of identical insulators : Triboelectric series, triboelectric cycles and surface charges. 2025. doi:10.15479/AT-ISTA-20203' apa: 'Sobarzo Ponce, J. C. A. (2025). Tribocharging of identical insulators : Triboelectric series, triboelectric cycles and surface charges. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-20203' chicago: 'Sobarzo Ponce, Juan Carlos A. “Tribocharging of Identical Insulators : Triboelectric Series, Triboelectric Cycles and Surface Charges.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-20203.' ieee: 'J. C. A. Sobarzo Ponce, “Tribocharging of identical insulators : Triboelectric series, triboelectric cycles and surface charges,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025.' ista: 'Sobarzo Ponce JCA. 2025. Tribocharging of identical insulators : Triboelectric series, triboelectric cycles and surface charges. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.' mla: 'Sobarzo Ponce, Juan Carlos A. Tribocharging of Identical Insulators : Triboelectric Series, Triboelectric Cycles and Surface Charges. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025, doi:10.15479/AT-ISTA-20203.' short: 'J.C.A. Sobarzo Ponce, Tribocharging of Identical Insulators : Triboelectric Series, Triboelectric Cycles and Surface Charges, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025.' corr_author: '1' date_created: 2025-08-21T11:42:59Z date_published: 2025-08-27T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-04-28T13:44:56Z day: '27' ddc: - '530' degree_awarded: PhD department: - _id: GradSch - _id: ScWa doi: 10.15479/AT-ISTA-20203 ec_funded: 1 file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 661b9d3786cfc985be811befc3262bf5 content_type: application/pdf creator: jsobarzo date_created: 2025-08-27T14:50:32Z date_updated: 2025-08-27T14:50:32Z file_id: '20237' file_name: 2025_Sobarzo_JuanCarlos_Thesis.pdf file_size: 12667200 relation: main_file success: 1 - access_level: closed checksum: ca2f24e6c3b55912982521707552a0f5 content_type: application/x-zip-compressed creator: jsobarzo date_created: 2025-08-27T14:50:32Z date_updated: 2025-08-28T08:19:07Z file_id: '20238' file_name: 2025_Sobarzo_JuanCarlos_Thesis.zip file_size: 18940521 relation: source_file file_date_updated: 2025-08-28T08:19:07Z has_accepted_license: '1' language: - iso: eng month: '08' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: '96' project: - _id: 0aa60e99-070f-11eb-9043-a6de6bdc3afa call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '949120' name: 'Tribocharge: a multi-scale approach to an enduring problem in physics' publication_identifier: isbn: - 978-3-99078-062-6 issn: - 2663-337X publication_status: published publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria related_material: record: - id: '12109' relation: part_of_dissertation status: public - id: '15322' relation: part_of_dissertation status: public - id: '19278' relation: part_of_dissertation status: public status: public supervisor: - first_name: Scott R full_name: Waitukaitis, Scott R id: 3A1FFC16-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Waitukaitis orcid: 0000-0002-2299-3176 title: 'Tribocharging of identical insulators : Triboelectric series, triboelectric cycles and surface charges' tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: dissertation user_id: ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd year: '2025' ... --- APC_amount: 5599.52 EUR OA_place: publisher OA_type: hybrid _id: '20727' abstract: - lang: eng text: Acoustic levitation provides a unique method for manipulating small particles as it completely evades effects from gravity, container walls, or physical handling. These advantages make it a tantalizing platform for studying complex phenomena in many-particle systems. In most standing-wave traps, however, particles interact via acoustic scattering forces that cause them to merge into a single dense object. Here, we introduce a complementary approach that combines acoustic levitation with electrostatic charging to assemble, adapt, and activate complex, separated many-particle systems. The key idea is to superimpose electrostatic repulsion on the intrinsic acoustic attraction, rendering a so-called “mermaid” potential where interactions are attractive at short range and repulsive at long range. By controlling the attraction–repulsion balance, we can levitate expanded structures where all particles are separated, collapsed structures where they are in contact, and hybrid ones consisting of both expanded and collapsed components. We find that collapsed and expanded structures are inherently stable, whereas hybrid ones exhibit transient stability governed by acoustically unstable dimers. Furthermore, we show how electrostatics allow us to adapt between configurations on the fly, either by quasistatic discharge or discrete up/down charge steps. Finally, we demonstrate how large structures experience selective energy pumping from the acoustic field—thrusting some particles into motion while others remain stationary—leading to complex dynamics including coupled rotations and oscillations. Our approach establishes a design space beyond acoustic collapse, offering possibilities to study many-particle systems with complex interactions, while suggesting pathways toward scalable integration into materials processing and other applications. acknowledged_ssus: - _id: M-Shop acknowledgement: We thank Dustin Kleckner, Jack-William Barotta, and Daniel M. Harris for insightful discussions. We acknowledge the Miba machine shop at the Institute of Science and Technology Austria for instrumentation support. M.C.H. and C.P.G. acknowledge funding by the Gesellschaft für Forschungsförderung Niederösterreich under project FTI23-G-011. article_processing_charge: Yes (in subscription journal) article_type: original arxiv: 1 author: - first_name: Sue full_name: Shi, Sue id: 5c5b9247-15b2-11ec-abd3-fd958715639c last_name: Shi - first_name: Maximilian full_name: Hübl, Maximilian id: 5eb8629e-15b2-11ec-abd3-e6f3e5e01f32 last_name: Hübl - first_name: Galien M full_name: Grosjean, Galien M id: 0C5FDA4A-9CF6-11E9-8939-FF05E6697425 last_name: Grosjean orcid: 0000-0001-5154-417X - first_name: Carl Peter full_name: Goodrich, Carl Peter id: EB352CD2-F68A-11E9-89C5-A432E6697425 last_name: Goodrich orcid: 0000-0002-1307-5074 - first_name: Scott R full_name: Waitukaitis, Scott R id: 3A1FFC16-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Waitukaitis orcid: 0000-0002-2299-3176 citation: ama: Shi S, Hübl M, Grosjean GM, Goodrich CP, Waitukaitis SR. Electrostatics overcome acoustic collapse to assemble, adapt, and activate levitated matter. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2025;122(50):e2516865122. doi:10.1073/pnas.2516865122 apa: Shi, S., Hübl, M., Grosjean, G. M., Goodrich, C. P., & Waitukaitis, S. R. (2025). Electrostatics overcome acoustic collapse to assemble, adapt, and activate levitated matter. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2516865122 chicago: Shi, Sue, Maximilian Hübl, Galien M Grosjean, Carl Peter Goodrich, and Scott R Waitukaitis. “Electrostatics Overcome Acoustic Collapse to Assemble, Adapt, and Activate Levitated Matter.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. National Academy of Sciences, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2516865122. ieee: S. Shi, M. Hübl, G. M. Grosjean, C. P. Goodrich, and S. R. Waitukaitis, “Electrostatics overcome acoustic collapse to assemble, adapt, and activate levitated matter,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 122, no. 50. National Academy of Sciences, p. e2516865122, 2025. ista: Shi S, Hübl M, Grosjean GM, Goodrich CP, Waitukaitis SR. 2025. Electrostatics overcome acoustic collapse to assemble, adapt, and activate levitated matter. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 122(50), e2516865122. mla: Shi, Sue, et al. “Electrostatics Overcome Acoustic Collapse to Assemble, Adapt, and Activate Levitated Matter.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 122, no. 50, National Academy of Sciences, 2025, p. e2516865122, doi:10.1073/pnas.2516865122. short: S. Shi, M. Hübl, G.M. Grosjean, C.P. Goodrich, S.R. Waitukaitis, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 122 (2025) e2516865122. corr_author: '1' date_created: 2025-12-07T23:02:00Z date_published: 2025-12-16T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-05-20T08:41:15Z day: '16' ddc: - '530' department: - _id: ScWa - _id: CaGo doi: 10.1073/pnas.2516865122 external_id: arxiv: - '2507.01739' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: c40dc4c909724b9d1146636612e8821a content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2025-12-09T12:45:53Z date_updated: 2025-12-09T12:45:53Z file_id: '20744' file_name: 2025_PNAS_Shi.pdf file_size: 10621381 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2025-12-09T12:45:53Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 122' issue: '50' language: - iso: eng license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ month: '12' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: e2516865122 project: - _id: 8dd93da8-16d5-11f0-9cad-d2c70200d9a5 grant_number: FTI23-G-011 name: Dynamically reconfigurable self-assembly with triangular DNA-origami bricks publication: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences publication_identifier: eissn: - 1091-6490 publication_status: published publisher: National Academy of Sciences quality_controlled: '1' related_material: link: - description: News on ISTA website relation: press_release url: https://ista.ac.at/en/news/science-is-like-magic-just-real/ record: - id: '20749' relation: research_data status: public scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Electrostatics overcome acoustic collapse to assemble, adapt, and activate levitated matter tmp: image: /images/cc_by_nc_nd.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) short: CC BY-NC-ND (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 122 year: '2025' ... --- OA_place: repository OA_type: green _id: '20749' abstract: - lang: eng text: Datasets and code for publication "Electrostatics overcome acoustic collapse to assemble, adapt, and activate levitated matter" article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Sue full_name: Shi, Sue id: 5c5b9247-15b2-11ec-abd3-fd958715639c last_name: Shi citation: ama: Shi S. Datasets and code for manuscript “Electrostatics overcome acoustic collapse to assemble, adapt, and activate levitated matter.” 2025. doi:10.5281/ZENODO.15752991 apa: Shi, S. (2025). Datasets and code for manuscript “Electrostatics overcome acoustic collapse to assemble, adapt, and activate levitated matter.” Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.15752991 chicago: Shi, Sue. “Datasets and Code for Manuscript ‘Electrostatics Overcome Acoustic Collapse to Assemble, Adapt, and Activate Levitated Matter.’” Zenodo, 2025. https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.15752991. ieee: S. Shi, “Datasets and code for manuscript ‘Electrostatics overcome acoustic collapse to assemble, adapt, and activate levitated matter.’” Zenodo, 2025. ista: Shi S. 2025. Datasets and code for manuscript ‘Electrostatics overcome acoustic collapse to assemble, adapt, and activate levitated matter’, Zenodo, 10.5281/ZENODO.15752991. mla: Shi, Sue. Datasets and Code for Manuscript “Electrostatics Overcome Acoustic Collapse to Assemble, Adapt, and Activate Levitated Matter.” Zenodo, 2025, doi:10.5281/ZENODO.15752991. short: S. Shi, (2025). contributor: - first_name: Maximilian id: 5eb8629e-15b2-11ec-abd3-e6f3e5e01f32 last_name: Hübl - first_name: Galien M id: 0C5FDA4A-9CF6-11E9-8939-FF05E6697425 last_name: Grosjean orcid: 0000-0001-5154-417X corr_author: '1' date_created: 2025-12-09T13:36:16Z date_published: 2025-11-10T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-05-20T08:41:14Z day: '10' ddc: - '530' department: - _id: ScWa - _id: CaGo doi: 10.5281/ZENODO.15752991 has_accepted_license: '1' main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.15752991 month: '11' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version publisher: Zenodo related_material: record: - id: '20727' relation: used_in_publication status: public status: public title: Datasets and code for manuscript "Electrostatics overcome acoustic collapse to assemble, adapt, and activate levitated matter" tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: research_data_reference user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 year: '2025' ... --- _id: '17373' abstract: - lang: eng text: Scanning Kelvin probe microscopy (SKPM) is a powerful technique for investigating the electrostatic properties of material surfaces, enabling the imaging of variations in work function, topology, surface charge density, or combinations thereof. Regardless of the underlying signal source, SKPM results in a voltage image, which is spatially distorted due to the finite size of the probe, long-range electrostatic interactions, mechanical and electrical noise, and the finite response time of the electronics. In order to recover the underlying signal, it is necessary to deconvolve the measurement with an appropriate point spread function (PSF) that accounts the aforementioned distortions, but determining this PSF is difficult. Here, we describe how such PSFs can be determined experimentally and show how they can be used to recover the underlying information of interest. We first consider the physical principles that enable SKPM and discuss how these affect the system PSF. We then show how one can experimentally measure PSFs by looking at well-defined features, and that these compare well to simulated PSFs, provided scans are performed extremely slowly and carefully. Next, we work at realistic scan speeds and show that the idealized PSFs fail to capture temporal distortions in the scan direction. While simulating PSFs for these situations would be quite challenging, we show that measuring PSFs with similar scan conditions works well. Our approach clarifies the basic principles and inherent challenges to SKPM measurements and gives practical methods to improve results. acknowledged_ssus: - _id: M-Shop - _id: NanoFab - _id: LifeSc - _id: ScienComp acknowledgement: This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (Grant Agreement No. 949120). This research was supported by the Scientific Service Units of the Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA) through resources provided by the Miba Machine Shop, Nanofabrication Facility, Scientific Computing Facility, and Lab Support Facility. The authors wish to thank Dmytro Rak and Juan Carlos Sobarzo for letting us use their equipment. The authors wish to thank the contributions of the whole Waitukaitis Group for useful discussions and feedback. article_number: '045305' article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Isaac C full_name: Lenton, Isaac C id: a550210f-223c-11ec-8182-e2d45e817efb last_name: Lenton orcid: 0000-0002-5010-6984 - first_name: Felix full_name: Pertl, Felix id: 6313aec0-15b2-11ec-abd3-ed67d16139af last_name: Pertl orcid: 0000-0003-0463-5794 - first_name: Lubuna B full_name: Shafeek, Lubuna B id: 3CD37A82-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Shafeek orcid: 0000-0001-7180-6050 - first_name: Scott R full_name: Waitukaitis, Scott R id: 3A1FFC16-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Waitukaitis orcid: 0000-0002-2299-3176 citation: ama: 'Lenton IC, Pertl F, Shafeek LB, Waitukaitis SR. Beyond the blur: Using experimentally determined point spread functions to improve scanning Kelvin probe imaging. Journal of Applied Physics. 2024;136(4). doi:10.1063/5.0215151' apa: 'Lenton, I. C., Pertl, F., Shafeek, L. B., & Waitukaitis, S. R. (2024). Beyond the blur: Using experimentally determined point spread functions to improve scanning Kelvin probe imaging. Journal of Applied Physics. AIP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0215151' chicago: 'Lenton, Isaac C, Felix Pertl, Lubuna B Shafeek, and Scott R Waitukaitis. “Beyond the Blur: Using Experimentally Determined Point Spread Functions to Improve Scanning Kelvin Probe Imaging.” Journal of Applied Physics. AIP Publishing, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0215151.' ieee: 'I. C. Lenton, F. Pertl, L. B. Shafeek, and S. R. Waitukaitis, “Beyond the blur: Using experimentally determined point spread functions to improve scanning Kelvin probe imaging,” Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 136, no. 4. AIP Publishing, 2024.' ista: 'Lenton IC, Pertl F, Shafeek LB, Waitukaitis SR. 2024. Beyond the blur: Using experimentally determined point spread functions to improve scanning Kelvin probe imaging. Journal of Applied Physics. 136(4), 045305.' mla: 'Lenton, Isaac C., et al. “Beyond the Blur: Using Experimentally Determined Point Spread Functions to Improve Scanning Kelvin Probe Imaging.” Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 136, no. 4, 045305, AIP Publishing, 2024, doi:10.1063/5.0215151.' short: I.C. Lenton, F. Pertl, L.B. Shafeek, S.R. Waitukaitis, Journal of Applied Physics 136 (2024). corr_author: '1' date_created: 2024-08-04T22:01:21Z date_published: 2024-07-28T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2025-09-08T08:47:42Z day: '28' ddc: - '530' department: - _id: ScWa - _id: NanoFab doi: 10.1063/5.0215151 ec_funded: 1 external_id: isi: - '001281681100003' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 6141d05cd68d540a7446dce9490975db content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2024-08-05T08:19:58Z date_updated: 2024-08-05T08:19:58Z file_id: '17386' file_name: 2024_JourApplPhysics_Lenton.pdf file_size: 2537502 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2024-08-05T08:19:58Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 136' isi: 1 issue: '4' language: - iso: eng month: '07' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version project: - _id: 0aa60e99-070f-11eb-9043-a6de6bdc3afa call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '949120' name: 'Tribocharge: a multi-scale approach to an enduring problem in physics' publication: Journal of Applied Physics publication_identifier: eissn: - 1089-7550 issn: - 0021-8979 publication_status: published publisher: AIP Publishing quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: 'Beyond the blur: Using experimentally determined point spread functions to improve scanning Kelvin probe imaging' tmp: image: /images/cc_by_nc_nd.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) short: CC BY-NC-ND (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345 volume: 136 year: '2024' ... --- _id: '15322' abstract: - lang: eng text: The tendency of materials to order in triboelectric series has prompted suggestions that contact electrification might have a single, unified underlying description. However, the possibility of “triboelectric cycles,” i.e., series that loop back onto themselves, is seemingly at odds with such a coherent description. In this work, we propose that if multiple charge carrying species are at play, both triboelectric series and cycles are possible. We show how series arise naturally if only a single charge carrier species is involved and if the driving mechanism is approach toward thermodynamic equilibrium, and simultaneously, that cycles are forbidden under such conditions. Suspecting multiple carriers might relax the situation, we affirm this is the case by explicit construction of a cycle involving two carriers, and then extend this to show how more complex cycles emerge. Our work highlights the importance of series and cycles towards determining the underlying mechanism(s) and carrier(s) in contact electrification. article_number: L032108 article_processing_charge: No article_type: letter_note author: - first_name: Juan Carlos A full_name: Sobarzo Ponce, Juan Carlos A id: 4B807D68-AE37-11E9-AC72-31CAE5697425 last_name: Sobarzo Ponce - first_name: Scott R full_name: Waitukaitis, Scott R id: 3A1FFC16-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Waitukaitis orcid: 0000-0002-2299-3176 citation: ama: Sobarzo Ponce JCA, Waitukaitis SR. Multiple charge carrier species as a possible cause for triboelectric cycles. Physical Review E. 2024;109(3). doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.109.L032108 apa: Sobarzo Ponce, J. C. A., & Waitukaitis, S. R. (2024). Multiple charge carrier species as a possible cause for triboelectric cycles. Physical Review E. American Physical Society. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.109.L032108 chicago: Sobarzo Ponce, Juan Carlos A, and Scott R Waitukaitis. “Multiple Charge Carrier Species as a Possible Cause for Triboelectric Cycles.” Physical Review E. American Physical Society, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.109.L032108. ieee: J. C. A. Sobarzo Ponce and S. R. Waitukaitis, “Multiple charge carrier species as a possible cause for triboelectric cycles,” Physical Review E, vol. 109, no. 3. American Physical Society, 2024. ista: Sobarzo Ponce JCA, Waitukaitis SR. 2024. Multiple charge carrier species as a possible cause for triboelectric cycles. Physical Review E. 109(3), L032108. mla: Sobarzo Ponce, Juan Carlos A., and Scott R. Waitukaitis. “Multiple Charge Carrier Species as a Possible Cause for Triboelectric Cycles.” Physical Review E, vol. 109, no. 3, L032108, American Physical Society, 2024, doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.109.L032108. short: J.C.A. Sobarzo Ponce, S.R. Waitukaitis, Physical Review E 109 (2024). corr_author: '1' date_created: 2024-04-14T22:01:03Z date_published: 2024-03-29T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-04-07T11:50:54Z day: '29' department: - _id: ScWa doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.109.L032108 external_id: isi: - '001199745200004' pmid: - '38632754' intvolume: ' 109' isi: 1 issue: '3' language: - iso: eng month: '03' oa_version: None pmid: 1 publication: Physical Review E publication_identifier: eissn: - 2470-0053 issn: - 2470-0045 publication_status: published publisher: American Physical Society quality_controlled: '1' related_material: record: - id: '20203' relation: dissertation_contains status: public scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Multiple charge carrier species as a possible cause for triboelectric cycles type: journal_article user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345 volume: 109 year: '2024' ... --- _id: '14514' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'The elastic Leidenfrost effect occurs when a vaporizable soft solid is lowered onto a hot surface. Evaporative flow couples to elastic deformation, giving spontaneous bouncing or steady-state floating. The effect embodies an unexplored interplay between thermodynamics, elasticity, and lubrication: despite being observed, its basic theoretical description remains a challenge. Here, we provide a theory of elastic Leidenfrost floating. As weight increases, a rigid solid sits closer to the hot surface. By contrast, we discover an elasticity-dominated regime where the heavier the solid, the higher it floats. This geometry-governed behavior is reminiscent of the dynamics of large liquid Leidenfrost drops. We show that this elastic regime is characterized by Hertzian behavior of the solid’s underbelly and derive how the float height scales with materials parameters. Introducing a dimensionless elastic Leidenfrost number, we capture the crossover between rigid and Hertzian behavior. Our results provide theoretical underpinning for recent experiments, and point to the design of novel soft machines.' acknowledgement: "We are grateful to Dominic Vella, Jens Eggers, John Kolinski, Joshua Dijksman, and Daniel Bonn for insightful discussions. J. B. and A. S. acknowledge the support of the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) through New Investigator Award No. EP/\r\nT000961/1. A. S. acknowledges the support of Royal Society under Grant No. RGS/R2/202135. J. E. S. acknowledges EPSRC Grants No. EP/N016602/1, EP/S022848/1, EP/S029966/1, and EP/P031684/1." article_number: '168201' article_processing_charge: Yes (in subscription journal) article_type: original author: - first_name: Jack full_name: Binysh, Jack last_name: Binysh - first_name: Indrajit full_name: Chakraborty, Indrajit last_name: Chakraborty - first_name: Mykyta V. full_name: Chubynsky, Mykyta V. last_name: Chubynsky - first_name: Vicente L full_name: Diaz Melian, Vicente L id: b6798902-eea0-11ea-9cbc-a8e14286c631 last_name: Diaz Melian - first_name: Scott R full_name: Waitukaitis, Scott R id: 3A1FFC16-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Waitukaitis orcid: 0000-0002-2299-3176 - first_name: James E. full_name: Sprittles, James E. last_name: Sprittles - first_name: Anton full_name: Souslov, Anton last_name: Souslov citation: ama: Binysh J, Chakraborty I, Chubynsky MV, et al. Modeling Leidenfrost levitation of soft elastic solids. Physical Review Letters. 2023;131(16). doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.131.168201 apa: Binysh, J., Chakraborty, I., Chubynsky, M. V., Diaz Melian, V. L., Waitukaitis, S. R., Sprittles, J. E., & Souslov, A. (2023). Modeling Leidenfrost levitation of soft elastic solids. Physical Review Letters. American Physical Society. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.131.168201 chicago: Binysh, Jack, Indrajit Chakraborty, Mykyta V. Chubynsky, Vicente L Diaz Melian, Scott R Waitukaitis, James E. Sprittles, and Anton Souslov. “Modeling Leidenfrost Levitation of Soft Elastic Solids.” Physical Review Letters. American Physical Society, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.131.168201. ieee: J. Binysh et al., “Modeling Leidenfrost levitation of soft elastic solids,” Physical Review Letters, vol. 131, no. 16. American Physical Society, 2023. ista: Binysh J, Chakraborty I, Chubynsky MV, Diaz Melian VL, Waitukaitis SR, Sprittles JE, Souslov A. 2023. Modeling Leidenfrost levitation of soft elastic solids. Physical Review Letters. 131(16), 168201. mla: Binysh, Jack, et al. “Modeling Leidenfrost Levitation of Soft Elastic Solids.” Physical Review Letters, vol. 131, no. 16, 168201, American Physical Society, 2023, doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.131.168201. short: J. Binysh, I. Chakraborty, M.V. Chubynsky, V.L. Diaz Melian, S.R. Waitukaitis, J.E. Sprittles, A. Souslov, Physical Review Letters 131 (2023). date_created: 2023-11-12T23:00:55Z date_published: 2023-10-20T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2025-09-09T13:19:07Z day: '20' ddc: - '530' department: - _id: ScWa doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.131.168201 external_id: isi: - '001164388300007' pmid: - '37925690' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 1a419e25b762aadffbcc8eb2e609bd97 content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2023-11-13T09:12:58Z date_updated: 2023-11-13T09:12:58Z file_id: '14524' file_name: 2023_PhysRevLetters_Binysh.pdf file_size: 724098 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2023-11-13T09:12:58Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 131' isi: 1 issue: '16' language: - iso: eng month: '10' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version pmid: 1 publication: Physical Review Letters publication_identifier: eissn: - 1079-7114 issn: - 0031-9007 publication_status: published publisher: American Physical Society quality_controlled: '1' related_material: record: - id: '14523' relation: research_data status: public scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Modeling Leidenfrost levitation of soft elastic solids tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345 volume: 131 year: '2023' ... --- _id: '14523' abstract: - lang: eng text: see Readme file article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Jack full_name: Binysh, Jack last_name: Binysh - first_name: Indrajit full_name: Chakraborty, Indrajit last_name: Chakraborty - first_name: Mykyta full_name: Chubynsky, Mykyta last_name: Chubynsky - first_name: Vicente L full_name: Diaz Melian, Vicente L id: b6798902-eea0-11ea-9cbc-a8e14286c631 last_name: Diaz Melian - first_name: Scott R full_name: Waitukaitis, Scott R id: 3A1FFC16-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Waitukaitis orcid: 0000-0002-2299-3176 - first_name: James full_name: Sprittles, James last_name: Sprittles - first_name: Anton full_name: Souslov, Anton last_name: Souslov citation: ama: 'Binysh J, Chakraborty I, Chubynsky M, et al. SouslovLab/PRL2023-ModellingLeidenfrostLevitationofSoftElasticSolids: v1.0.1. 2023. doi:10.5281/ZENODO.8329143' apa: 'Binysh, J., Chakraborty, I., Chubynsky, M., Diaz Melian, V. L., Waitukaitis, S. R., Sprittles, J., & Souslov, A. (2023). SouslovLab/PRL2023-ModellingLeidenfrostLevitationofSoftElasticSolids: v1.0.1. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.8329143' chicago: 'Binysh, Jack, Indrajit Chakraborty, Mykyta Chubynsky, Vicente L Diaz Melian, Scott R Waitukaitis, James Sprittles, and Anton Souslov. “SouslovLab/PRL2023-ModellingLeidenfrostLevitationofSoftElasticSolids: V1.0.1.” Zenodo, 2023. https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.8329143.' ieee: 'J. Binysh et al., “SouslovLab/PRL2023-ModellingLeidenfrostLevitationofSoftElasticSolids: v1.0.1.” Zenodo, 2023.' ista: 'Binysh J, Chakraborty I, Chubynsky M, Diaz Melian VL, Waitukaitis SR, Sprittles J, Souslov A. 2023. SouslovLab/PRL2023-ModellingLeidenfrostLevitationofSoftElasticSolids: v1.0.1, Zenodo, 10.5281/ZENODO.8329143.' mla: 'Binysh, Jack, et al. SouslovLab/PRL2023-ModellingLeidenfrostLevitationofSoftElasticSolids: V1.0.1. Zenodo, 2023, doi:10.5281/ZENODO.8329143.' short: J. Binysh, I. Chakraborty, M. Chubynsky, V.L. Diaz Melian, S.R. Waitukaitis, J. Sprittles, A. Souslov, (2023). date_created: 2023-11-13T09:12:11Z date_published: 2023-09-08T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2025-09-09T13:19:07Z day: '08' ddc: - '530' department: - _id: ScWa doi: 10.5281/ZENODO.8329143 main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.8329143 month: '09' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version publisher: Zenodo related_material: record: - id: '14514' relation: used_in_publication status: public status: public title: 'SouslovLab/PRL2023-ModellingLeidenfrostLevitationofSoftElasticSolids: v1.0.1' type: research_data_reference user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 year: '2023' ... --- _id: '12697' abstract: - lang: eng text: Models for same-material contact electrification in granular media often rely on a local charge-driving parameter whose spatial variations lead to a stochastic origin for charge exchange. Measuring the charge transfer from individual granular spheres after contacts with substrates of the same material, we find instead a “global” charging behavior, coherent over the sample’s whole surface. Cleaning and baking samples fully resets charging magnitude and direction, which indicates the underlying global parameter is not intrinsic to the material, but acquired from its history. Charging behavior is randomly and irreversibly affected by changes in relative humidity, hinting at a mechanism where adsorbates, in particular, water, are fundamental to the charge-transfer process. acknowledgement: "We would like to thank Troy Shinbrot, Victor Lee and Daniele Foresti for helpful discussions. This project has received funding from the European Research Council Grant Agreement No. 949120 and from the the Marie Sk lodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 754411 under\r\nthe European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program." article_number: '098202' article_processing_charge: No article_type: original arxiv: 1 author: - first_name: Galien M full_name: Grosjean, Galien M id: 0C5FDA4A-9CF6-11E9-8939-FF05E6697425 last_name: Grosjean orcid: 0000-0001-5154-417X - first_name: Scott R full_name: Waitukaitis, Scott R id: 3A1FFC16-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Waitukaitis orcid: 0000-0002-2299-3176 citation: ama: Grosjean GM, Waitukaitis SR. Single-collision statistics reveal a global mechanism driven by sample history for contact electrification in granular media. Physical Review Letters. 2023;130(9). doi:10.1103/physrevlett.130.098202 apa: Grosjean, G. M., & Waitukaitis, S. R. (2023). Single-collision statistics reveal a global mechanism driven by sample history for contact electrification in granular media. Physical Review Letters. American Physical Society. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.130.098202 chicago: Grosjean, Galien M, and Scott R Waitukaitis. “Single-Collision Statistics Reveal a Global Mechanism Driven by Sample History for Contact Electrification in Granular Media.” Physical Review Letters. American Physical Society, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.130.098202. ieee: G. M. Grosjean and S. R. Waitukaitis, “Single-collision statistics reveal a global mechanism driven by sample history for contact electrification in granular media,” Physical Review Letters, vol. 130, no. 9. American Physical Society, 2023. ista: Grosjean GM, Waitukaitis SR. 2023. Single-collision statistics reveal a global mechanism driven by sample history for contact electrification in granular media. Physical Review Letters. 130(9), 098202. mla: Grosjean, Galien M., and Scott R. Waitukaitis. “Single-Collision Statistics Reveal a Global Mechanism Driven by Sample History for Contact Electrification in Granular Media.” Physical Review Letters, vol. 130, no. 9, 098202, American Physical Society, 2023, doi:10.1103/physrevlett.130.098202. short: G.M. Grosjean, S.R. Waitukaitis, Physical Review Letters 130 (2023). corr_author: '1' date_created: 2023-02-28T12:14:46Z date_published: 2023-03-03T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2025-04-23T08:51:13Z day: '03' ddc: - '530' - '537' department: - _id: ScWa doi: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.098202 ec_funded: 1 external_id: arxiv: - '2211.02488' isi: - '000946178200008' pmid: - '36930925' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: c4f2f6eea0408811f8f4898e15890355 content_type: application/pdf creator: ggrosjea date_created: 2023-02-28T12:20:27Z date_updated: 2023-02-28T12:20:27Z file_id: '12698' file_name: Main_Preprint.pdf file_size: 2301864 relation: main_file success: 1 - access_level: open_access checksum: 6af6ed6c97a977f923de4162294b43c4 content_type: application/pdf creator: ggrosjea date_created: 2023-02-28T12:20:55Z date_updated: 2023-02-28T12:20:55Z file_id: '12699' file_name: Suppl_info.pdf file_size: 1138625 relation: main_file success: 1 - access_level: open_access checksum: 3f20365fb9515bdba3a111d912c8d8b4 content_type: video/mp4 creator: ggrosjea date_created: 2023-02-28T12:37:54Z date_updated: 2023-02-28T12:37:54Z file_id: '12700' file_name: Suppl_vid1.mp4 file_size: 793449 relation: main_file success: 1 - access_level: open_access checksum: 90cecacbe0e2f9dea11f91a4ba20c32e content_type: video/mp4 creator: ggrosjea date_created: 2023-02-28T12:37:54Z date_updated: 2023-02-28T12:37:54Z file_id: '12701' file_name: Suppl_vid2.mp4 file_size: 455925 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2023-02-28T12:37:54Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 130' isi: 1 issue: '9' keyword: - General Physics - Electrostatics - Triboelectricity - Soft Matter - Acoustic Levitation - Granular Materials language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://arxiv.org/abs/2211.02488 month: '03' oa: 1 oa_version: Preprint pmid: 1 project: - _id: 0aa60e99-070f-11eb-9043-a6de6bdc3afa call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '949120' name: 'Tribocharge: a multi-scale approach to an enduring problem in physics' - _id: 260C2330-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '754411' name: ISTplus - Postdoctoral Fellowships publication: Physical Review Letters publication_identifier: eissn: - 1079-7114 issn: - 0031-9007 publication_status: published publisher: American Physical Society quality_controlled: '1' related_material: record: - id: '8101' relation: research_paper status: public scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Single-collision statistics reveal a global mechanism driven by sample history for contact electrification in granular media tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 130 year: '2023' ... --- _id: '12789' abstract: - lang: eng text: Experiments have shown that charge distributions of granular materials are non-Gaussian, with broad tails that indicate many particles with high charge. This observation has consequences for the behavior of granular materials in many settings, and may bear relevance to the underlying charge transfer mechanism. However, there is the unaddressed possibility that broad tails arise due to experimental uncertainties, as determining the shapes of tails is nontrivial. Here we show that measurement uncertainties can indeed account for most of the tail broadening previously observed. The clue that reveals this is that distributions are sensitive to the electric field at which they are measured; ones measured at low (high) fields have larger (smaller) tails. Accounting for sources of uncertainty, we reproduce this broadening in silico. Finally, we use our results to back out the true charge distribution without broadening, which we find is still non-Guassian, though with substantially different behavior at the tails and indicating significantly fewer highly charged particles. These results have implications in many natural settings where electrostatic interactions, especially among highly charged particles, strongly affect granular behavior. acknowledged_ssus: - _id: M-Shop acknowledgement: This research was supported by Grants QUIMAL 160001 and Fondecyt 1221597. This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant Agreement No. 949120). This research was supported by the Scientific Service Units of The Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA) through resources provided by the Miba Machine Shop. We thank the machine shop technical assistance of Ricardo Silva and Andrés Espinosa at Departamento de Física, Universidad de Chile. article_number: '034901' article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Nicolás full_name: Mujica, Nicolás last_name: Mujica - first_name: Scott R full_name: Waitukaitis, Scott R id: 3A1FFC16-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Waitukaitis orcid: 0000-0002-2299-3176 citation: ama: Mujica N, Waitukaitis SR. Accurate determination of the shapes of granular charge distributions. Physical Review E. 2023;107(3). doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.107.034901 apa: Mujica, N., & Waitukaitis, S. R. (2023). Accurate determination of the shapes of granular charge distributions. Physical Review E. American Physical Society. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.107.034901 chicago: Mujica, Nicolás, and Scott R Waitukaitis. “Accurate Determination of the Shapes of Granular Charge Distributions.” Physical Review E. American Physical Society, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.107.034901. ieee: N. Mujica and S. R. Waitukaitis, “Accurate determination of the shapes of granular charge distributions,” Physical Review E, vol. 107, no. 3. American Physical Society, 2023. ista: Mujica N, Waitukaitis SR. 2023. Accurate determination of the shapes of granular charge distributions. Physical Review E. 107(3), 034901. mla: Mujica, Nicolás, and Scott R. Waitukaitis. “Accurate Determination of the Shapes of Granular Charge Distributions.” Physical Review E, vol. 107, no. 3, 034901, American Physical Society, 2023, doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.107.034901. short: N. Mujica, S.R. Waitukaitis, Physical Review E 107 (2023). corr_author: '1' date_created: 2023-04-02T22:01:10Z date_published: 2023-03-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2025-04-14T07:54:10Z day: '01' ddc: - '530' department: - _id: ScWa doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.107.034901 ec_funded: 1 external_id: isi: - '000992142700001' pmid: - '37072968' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 48f5dfe4e5f1c46c3c86805cd8f84bea content_type: application/pdf creator: swaituka date_created: 2023-11-27T09:51:48Z date_updated: 2023-11-27T09:51:48Z file_id: '14612' file_name: PhysRevE.107.034901 (1).pdf file_size: 1428631 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2023-11-27T09:51:48Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 107' isi: 1 issue: '3' language: - iso: eng month: '03' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version pmid: 1 project: - _id: 0aa60e99-070f-11eb-9043-a6de6bdc3afa call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '949120' name: 'Tribocharge: a multi-scale approach to an enduring problem in physics' publication: Physical Review E publication_identifier: eissn: - 2470-0053 issn: - 2470-0045 publication_status: published publisher: American Physical Society quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Accurate determination of the shapes of granular charge distributions type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 107 year: '2023' ... --- _id: '13197' abstract: - lang: eng text: "Nominally identical materials exchange net electric charge during contact through a mechanism that is still debated. ‘Mosaic models’, in which surfaces are presumed to consist of a random patchwork of microscopic donor/acceptor sites, offer an appealing explanation for this phenomenon. However, recent experiments have shown that global differences persist even between same-material samples, which the standard mosaic framework does not account for. Here, we expand the mosaic framework by incorporating global differences in the densities of donor/acceptor sites. We develop\r\nan analytical model, backed by numerical simulations, that smoothly connects the global and deterministic charge transfer of different materials to the local and stochastic mosaic picture normally associated with identical materials. Going further, we extend our model to explain the effect of contact asymmetries during sliding, providing a plausible explanation for reversal of charging sign that has been observed experimentally." acknowledgement: "This project has received funding from the European Research Council Grant Agreement No. 949120 and from\r\nthe European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Grant\r\nAgreement No. 754411. " article_number: '065601' article_processing_charge: No article_type: original arxiv: 1 author: - first_name: Galien M full_name: Grosjean, Galien M id: 0C5FDA4A-9CF6-11E9-8939-FF05E6697425 last_name: Grosjean orcid: 0000-0001-5154-417X - first_name: Scott R full_name: Waitukaitis, Scott R id: 3A1FFC16-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Waitukaitis orcid: 0000-0002-2299-3176 citation: ama: 'Grosjean GM, Waitukaitis SR. Asymmetries in triboelectric charging: Generalizing mosaic models to different-material samples and sliding contacts. Physical Review Materials. 2023;7(6). doi:10.1103/physrevmaterials.7.065601' apa: 'Grosjean, G. M., & Waitukaitis, S. R. (2023). Asymmetries in triboelectric charging: Generalizing mosaic models to different-material samples and sliding contacts. Physical Review Materials. American Physical Society. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevmaterials.7.065601' chicago: 'Grosjean, Galien M, and Scott R Waitukaitis. “Asymmetries in Triboelectric Charging: Generalizing Mosaic Models to Different-Material Samples and Sliding Contacts.” Physical Review Materials. American Physical Society, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevmaterials.7.065601.' ieee: 'G. M. Grosjean and S. R. Waitukaitis, “Asymmetries in triboelectric charging: Generalizing mosaic models to different-material samples and sliding contacts,” Physical Review Materials, vol. 7, no. 6. American Physical Society, 2023.' ista: 'Grosjean GM, Waitukaitis SR. 2023. Asymmetries in triboelectric charging: Generalizing mosaic models to different-material samples and sliding contacts. Physical Review Materials. 7(6), 065601.' mla: 'Grosjean, Galien M., and Scott R. Waitukaitis. “Asymmetries in Triboelectric Charging: Generalizing Mosaic Models to Different-Material Samples and Sliding Contacts.” Physical Review Materials, vol. 7, no. 6, 065601, American Physical Society, 2023, doi:10.1103/physrevmaterials.7.065601.' short: G.M. Grosjean, S.R. Waitukaitis, Physical Review Materials 7 (2023). corr_author: '1' date_created: 2023-07-07T12:48:01Z date_published: 2023-06-13T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2025-04-14T07:43:55Z day: '13' ddc: - '537' department: - _id: ScWa doi: 10.1103/physrevmaterials.7.065601 ec_funded: 1 external_id: arxiv: - '2304.12861' isi: - '001019565900002' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 75584730d9cdd50eeccb4c52c509776d content_type: application/pdf creator: ggrosjea date_created: 2023-07-07T12:49:51Z date_updated: 2023-07-07T12:49:51Z file_id: '13198' file_name: Mosaic_asymmetries.pdf file_size: 1127040 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2023-07-07T12:49:51Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 7' isi: 1 issue: '6' keyword: - Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous) - General Materials Science language: - iso: eng month: '06' oa: 1 oa_version: Submitted Version project: - _id: 0aa60e99-070f-11eb-9043-a6de6bdc3afa call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '949120' name: 'Tribocharge: a multi-scale approach to an enduring problem in physics' - _id: 260C2330-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '754411' name: ISTplus - Postdoctoral Fellowships publication: Physical Review Materials publication_identifier: issn: - 2475-9953 publication_status: published publisher: American Physical Society quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: 'Asymmetries in triboelectric charging: Generalizing mosaic models to different-material samples and sliding contacts' type: journal_article user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8 volume: 7 year: '2023' ...