---
_id: '1350'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "The hippocampal CA3 region plays a key role in learning and memory. Recurrent
    CA3–CA3\r\nsynapses are thought to be the subcellular substrate of pattern completion.
    However, the\r\nsynaptic mechanisms of this network computation remain enigmatic.
    To investigate these mechanisms, we combined functional connectivity analysis
    with network modeling.\r\nSimultaneous recording fromup to eight CA3 pyramidal
    neurons revealed that connectivity was sparse, spatially uniform, and highly enriched
    in disynaptic motifs (reciprocal, convergence,divergence, and chain motifs). Unitary
    connections were composed of one or two synaptic contacts, suggesting efficient
    use of postsynaptic space. Real-size modeling indicated that CA3 networks with
    sparse connectivity, disynaptic motifs, and single-contact connections robustly
    generated pattern completion.Thus, macro- and microconnectivity contribute to
    efficient\r\nmemory storage and retrieval in hippocampal networks."
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: ScienComp
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: José
  full_name: Guzmán, José
  id: 30CC5506-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Guzmán
  orcid: 0000-0003-2209-5242
- first_name: Alois
  full_name: Schlögl, Alois
  id: 45BF87EE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Schlögl
  orcid: 0000-0002-5621-8100
- first_name: Michael
  full_name: Frotscher, Michael
  last_name: Frotscher
- first_name: Peter M
  full_name: Jonas, Peter M
  id: 353C1B58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Jonas
  orcid: 0000-0001-5001-4804
citation:
  ama: Guzmán J, Schlögl A, Frotscher M, Jonas PM. Synaptic mechanisms of pattern
    completion in the hippocampal CA3 network. <i>Science</i>. 2016;353(6304):1117-1123.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaf1836">10.1126/science.aaf1836</a>
  apa: Guzmán, J., Schlögl, A., Frotscher, M., &#38; Jonas, P. M. (2016). Synaptic
    mechanisms of pattern completion in the hippocampal CA3 network. <i>Science</i>.
    American Association for the Advancement of Science. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaf1836">https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaf1836</a>
  chicago: Guzmán, José, Alois Schlögl, Michael Frotscher, and Peter M Jonas. “Synaptic
    Mechanisms of Pattern Completion in the Hippocampal CA3 Network.” <i>Science</i>.
    American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2016. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaf1836">https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaf1836</a>.
  ieee: J. Guzmán, A. Schlögl, M. Frotscher, and P. M. Jonas, “Synaptic mechanisms
    of pattern completion in the hippocampal CA3 network,” <i>Science</i>, vol. 353,
    no. 6304. American Association for the Advancement of Science, pp. 1117–1123,
    2016.
  ista: Guzmán J, Schlögl A, Frotscher M, Jonas PM. 2016. Synaptic mechanisms of pattern
    completion in the hippocampal CA3 network. Science. 353(6304), 1117–1123.
  mla: Guzmán, José, et al. “Synaptic Mechanisms of Pattern Completion in the Hippocampal
    CA3 Network.” <i>Science</i>, vol. 353, no. 6304, American Association for the
    Advancement of Science, 2016, pp. 1117–23, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaf1836">10.1126/science.aaf1836</a>.
  short: J. Guzmán, A. Schlögl, M. Frotscher, P.M. Jonas, Science 353 (2016) 1117–1123.
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:51:31Z
date_published: 2016-09-09T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-09-22T08:12:10Z
day: '09'
ddc:
- '570'
department:
- _id: ScienComp
- _id: PeJo
doi: 10.1126/science.aaf1836
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000382626800045'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: 89caefa4e181424cbf0aecc835fcc5ec
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: system
  date_created: 2018-12-12T10:12:27Z
  date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:44:46Z
  file_id: '4945'
  file_name: IST-2017-823-v1+1_aaf1836_CombinedPDF_v2-1.pdf
  file_size: 19408143
  relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:44:46Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '       353'
isi: 1
issue: '6304'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 1117 - 1123
project:
- _id: 25C0F108-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: FP7
  grant_number: '268548'
  name: Nanophysiology of fast-spiking, parvalbumin-expressing GABAergic interneurons
- _id: 25C26B1E-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: FWF
  grant_number: P24909-B24
  name: Mechanisms of transmitter release at GABAergic synapses
publication: Science
publication_status: published
publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science
publist_id: '5899'
pubrep_id: '823'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Synaptic mechanisms of pattern completion in the hippocampal CA3 network
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 353
year: '2016'
...
---
_id: '2230'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Intracellular electrophysiological recordings provide crucial insights into
    elementary neuronal signals such as action potentials and synaptic currents. Analyzing
    and interpreting these signals is essential for a quantitative understanding of
    neuronal information processing, and requires both fast data visualization and
    ready access to complex analysis routines. To achieve this goal, we have developed
    Stimfit, a free software package for cellular neurophysiology with a Python scripting
    interface and a built-in Python shell. The program supports most standard file
    formats for cellular neurophysiology and other biomedical signals through the
    Biosig library. To quantify and interpret the activity of single neurons and communication
    between neurons, the program includes algorithms to characterize the kinetics
    of presynaptic action potentials and postsynaptic currents, estimate latencies
    between pre- and postsynaptic events, and detect spontaneously occurring events.
    We validate and benchmark these algorithms, give estimation errors, and provide
    sample use cases, showing that Stimfit represents an efficient, accessible and
    extensible way to accurately analyze and interpret neuronal signals.
article_number: '16'
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: José
  full_name: Guzmán, José
  id: 30CC5506-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Guzmán
  orcid: 0000-0003-2209-5242
- first_name: Alois
  full_name: Schlögl, Alois
  id: 45BF87EE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Schlögl
  orcid: 0000-0002-5621-8100
- first_name: Christoph
  full_name: Schmidt Hieber, Christoph
  last_name: Schmidt Hieber
citation:
  ama: 'Guzmán J, Schlögl A, Schmidt Hieber C. Stimfit: Quantifying electrophysiological
    data with Python. <i>Frontiers in Neuroinformatics</i>. 2014;8(FEB). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fninf.2014.00016">10.3389/fninf.2014.00016</a>'
  apa: 'Guzmán, J., Schlögl, A., &#38; Schmidt Hieber, C. (2014). Stimfit: Quantifying
    electrophysiological data with Python. <i>Frontiers in Neuroinformatics</i>. Frontiers
    Research Foundation. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fninf.2014.00016">https://doi.org/10.3389/fninf.2014.00016</a>'
  chicago: 'Guzmán, José, Alois Schlögl, and Christoph Schmidt Hieber. “Stimfit: Quantifying
    Electrophysiological Data with Python.” <i>Frontiers in Neuroinformatics</i>.
    Frontiers Research Foundation, 2014. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fninf.2014.00016">https://doi.org/10.3389/fninf.2014.00016</a>.'
  ieee: 'J. Guzmán, A. Schlögl, and C. Schmidt Hieber, “Stimfit: Quantifying electrophysiological
    data with Python,” <i>Frontiers in Neuroinformatics</i>, vol. 8, no. FEB. Frontiers
    Research Foundation, 2014.'
  ista: 'Guzmán J, Schlögl A, Schmidt Hieber C. 2014. Stimfit: Quantifying electrophysiological
    data with Python. Frontiers in Neuroinformatics. 8(FEB), 16.'
  mla: 'Guzmán, José, et al. “Stimfit: Quantifying Electrophysiological Data with
    Python.” <i>Frontiers in Neuroinformatics</i>, vol. 8, no. FEB, 16, Frontiers
    Research Foundation, 2014, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fninf.2014.00016">10.3389/fninf.2014.00016</a>.'
  short: J. Guzmán, A. Schlögl, C. Schmidt Hieber, Frontiers in Neuroinformatics 8
    (2014).
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:56:27Z
date_published: 2014-02-21T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-09-29T11:24:02Z
day: '21'
ddc:
- '570'
department:
- _id: ScienComp
- _id: PeJo
doi: 10.3389/fninf.2014.00016
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000348105900001'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: eeca00bba7232ff7d27db83321f6ea30
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: system
  date_created: 2018-12-12T10:12:17Z
  date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:45:34Z
  file_id: '4935'
  file_name: IST-2016-425-v1+1_fninf-08-00016.pdf
  file_size: 2883372
  relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:45:34Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '         8'
isi: 1
issue: FEB
language:
- iso: eng
month: '02'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Frontiers in Neuroinformatics
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1662-5196
publication_status: published
publisher: Frontiers Research Foundation
publist_id: '4731'
pubrep_id: '425'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Stimfit: Quantifying electrophysiological data with Python'
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 8
year: '2014'
...
---
_id: '1890'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: To search for a target in a complex environment is an everyday behavior that
    ends with finding the target. When we search for two identical targets, however,
    we must continue the search after finding the first target and memorize its location.
    We used fixation-related potentials to investigate the neural correlates of different
    stages of the search, that is, before and after finding the first target. Having
    found the first target influenced subsequent distractor processing. Compared to
    distractor fixations before the first target fixation, a negative shift was observed
    for three subsequent distractor fixations. These results suggest that processing
    a target in continued search modulates the brain's response, either transiently
    by reflecting temporary working memory processes or permanently by reflecting
    working memory retention.
acknowledgement: 'Funded by Austrian Science Fund (FWF) Grant Number: P 22189-B18;
  European Union within the 6th Framework Programme Grant Number: 517590; State government
  of Styria Grant Number: PN 4055'
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Christof
  full_name: Körner, Christof
  last_name: Körner
- first_name: Verena
  full_name: Braunstein, Verena
  last_name: Braunstein
- first_name: Matthias
  full_name: Stangl, Matthias
  last_name: Stangl
- first_name: Alois
  full_name: Schlögl, Alois
  id: 45BF87EE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Schlögl
  orcid: 0000-0002-5621-8100
- first_name: Christa
  full_name: Neuper, Christa
  last_name: Neuper
- first_name: Anja
  full_name: Ischebeck, Anja
  last_name: Ischebeck
citation:
  ama: 'Körner C, Braunstein V, Stangl M, Schlögl A, Neuper C, Ischebeck A. Sequential
    effects in continued visual search: Using fixation-related potentials to compare
    distractor processing before and after target detection. <i>Psychophysiology</i>.
    2014;51(4):385-395. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.12062">10.1111/psyp.12062</a>'
  apa: 'Körner, C., Braunstein, V., Stangl, M., Schlögl, A., Neuper, C., &#38; Ischebeck,
    A. (2014). Sequential effects in continued visual search: Using fixation-related
    potentials to compare distractor processing before and after target detection.
    <i>Psychophysiology</i>. Wiley-Blackwell. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.12062">https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.12062</a>'
  chicago: 'Körner, Christof, Verena Braunstein, Matthias Stangl, Alois Schlögl, Christa
    Neuper, and Anja Ischebeck. “Sequential Effects in Continued Visual Search: Using
    Fixation-Related Potentials to Compare Distractor Processing before and after
    Target Detection.” <i>Psychophysiology</i>. Wiley-Blackwell, 2014. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.12062">https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.12062</a>.'
  ieee: 'C. Körner, V. Braunstein, M. Stangl, A. Schlögl, C. Neuper, and A. Ischebeck,
    “Sequential effects in continued visual search: Using fixation-related potentials
    to compare distractor processing before and after target detection,” <i>Psychophysiology</i>,
    vol. 51, no. 4. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 385–395, 2014.'
  ista: 'Körner C, Braunstein V, Stangl M, Schlögl A, Neuper C, Ischebeck A. 2014.
    Sequential effects in continued visual search: Using fixation-related potentials
    to compare distractor processing before and after target detection. Psychophysiology.
    51(4), 385–395.'
  mla: 'Körner, Christof, et al. “Sequential Effects in Continued Visual Search: Using
    Fixation-Related Potentials to Compare Distractor Processing before and after
    Target Detection.” <i>Psychophysiology</i>, vol. 51, no. 4, Wiley-Blackwell, 2014,
    pp. 385–95, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.12062">10.1111/psyp.12062</a>.'
  short: C. Körner, V. Braunstein, M. Stangl, A. Schlögl, C. Neuper, A. Ischebeck,
    Psychophysiology 51 (2014) 385–395.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:54:34Z
date_published: 2014-02-11T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-09-29T13:07:21Z
day: '11'
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: ScienComp
- _id: PeJo
doi: 10.1111/psyp.12062
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000332585900010'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: 4255b6185e774acce1d99f8e195c564d
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: system
  date_created: 2018-12-12T10:16:44Z
  date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:45:20Z
  file_id: '5233'
  file_name: IST-2016-442-v1+1_K-rner_et_al-2014-Psychophysiology.pdf
  file_size: 543243
  relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:45:20Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        51'
isi: 1
issue: '4'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '02'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 385 - 395
publication: Psychophysiology
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
publist_id: '5205'
pubrep_id: '442'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Sequential effects in continued visual search: Using fixation-related potentials
  to compare distractor processing before and after target detection'
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 51
year: '2014'
...
---
_id: '2954'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Spontaneous postsynaptic currents (PSCs) provide key information about the
    mechanisms of synaptic transmission and the activity modes of neuronal networks.
    However, detecting spontaneous PSCs in vitro and in vivo has been challenging,
    because of the small amplitude, the variable kinetics, and the undefined time
    of generation of these events. Here, we describe a, to our knowledge, new method
    for detecting spontaneous synaptic events by deconvolution, using a template that
    approximates the average time course of spontaneous PSCs. A recorded PSC trace
    is deconvolved from the template, resulting in a series of delta-like functions.
    The maxima of these delta-like events are reliably detected, revealing the precise
    onset times of the spontaneous PSCs. Among all detection methods, the deconvolution-based
    method has a unique temporal resolution, allowing the detection of individual
    events in high-frequency bursts. Furthermore, the deconvolution-based method has
    a high amplitude resolution, because deconvolution can substantially increase
    the signal/noise ratio. When tested against previously published methods using
    experimental data, the deconvolution-based method was superior for spontaneous
    PSCs recorded in vivo. Using the high-resolution deconvolution-based detection
    algorithm, we show that the frequency of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents
    in dentate gyrus granule cells is 4.5 times higher in vivo than in vitro.
acknowledgement: "This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (TR3/B10)
  and a European Research Council Advanced grant to P.J.\r\nWe thank H. Hu, S. J.
  Guzman, and C. Schmidt-Hieber for critically reading the manuscript, I. Koeva and
  F. Marr for technical support, and E. Kramberger for editorial assistance.\r\n"
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Alejandro
  full_name: Pernia-Andrade, Alejandro
  id: 36963E98-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Pernia-Andrade
- first_name: Sarit
  full_name: Goswami, Sarit
  id: 3A578F32-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Goswami
- first_name: Yvonne
  full_name: Stickler, Yvonne
  id: 63B76600-E9CC-11E9-9B5F-82450873F7A1
  last_name: Stickler
- first_name: Ulrich
  full_name: Fröbe, Ulrich
  last_name: Fröbe
- first_name: Alois
  full_name: Schlögl, Alois
  id: 45BF87EE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Schlögl
  orcid: 0000-0002-5621-8100
- first_name: Peter M
  full_name: Jonas, Peter M
  id: 353C1B58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Jonas
  orcid: 0000-0001-5001-4804
citation:
  ama: Pernia-Andrade A, Goswami S, Stickler Y, Fröbe U, Schlögl A, Jonas PM. A deconvolution
    based method with high sensitivity and temporal resolution for detection of spontaneous
    synaptic currents in vitro and in vivo. <i>Biophysical Journal</i>. 2012;103(7):1429-1439.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2012.08.039">10.1016/j.bpj.2012.08.039</a>
  apa: Pernia-Andrade, A., Goswami, S., Stickler, Y., Fröbe, U., Schlögl, A., &#38;
    Jonas, P. M. (2012). A deconvolution based method with high sensitivity and temporal
    resolution for detection of spontaneous synaptic currents in vitro and in vivo.
    <i>Biophysical Journal</i>. Biophysical. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2012.08.039">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2012.08.039</a>
  chicago: Pernia-Andrade, Alejandro, Sarit Goswami, Yvonne Stickler, Ulrich Fröbe,
    Alois Schlögl, and Peter M Jonas. “A Deconvolution Based Method with High Sensitivity
    and Temporal Resolution for Detection of Spontaneous Synaptic Currents in Vitro
    and in Vivo.” <i>Biophysical Journal</i>. Biophysical, 2012. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2012.08.039">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2012.08.039</a>.
  ieee: A. Pernia-Andrade, S. Goswami, Y. Stickler, U. Fröbe, A. Schlögl, and P. M.
    Jonas, “A deconvolution based method with high sensitivity and temporal resolution
    for detection of spontaneous synaptic currents in vitro and in vivo,” <i>Biophysical
    Journal</i>, vol. 103, no. 7. Biophysical, pp. 1429–1439, 2012.
  ista: Pernia-Andrade A, Goswami S, Stickler Y, Fröbe U, Schlögl A, Jonas PM. 2012.
    A deconvolution based method with high sensitivity and temporal resolution for
    detection of spontaneous synaptic currents in vitro and in vivo. Biophysical Journal.
    103(7), 1429–1439.
  mla: Pernia-Andrade, Alejandro, et al. “A Deconvolution Based Method with High Sensitivity
    and Temporal Resolution for Detection of Spontaneous Synaptic Currents in Vitro
    and in Vivo.” <i>Biophysical Journal</i>, vol. 103, no. 7, Biophysical, 2012,
    pp. 1429–39, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2012.08.039">10.1016/j.bpj.2012.08.039</a>.
  short: A. Pernia-Andrade, S. Goswami, Y. Stickler, U. Fröbe, A. Schlögl, P.M. Jonas,
    Biophysical Journal 103 (2012) 1429–1439.
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:00:32Z
date_published: 2012-10-03T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-09-30T08:09:38Z
day: '03'
department:
- _id: PeJo
- _id: ScienComp
doi: 10.1016/j.bpj.2012.08.039
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000309571400005'
  pmid:
  - '23062335'
intvolume: '       103'
isi: 1
issue: '7'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3471482/
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Submitted Version
page: 1429 - 1439
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 25BDE9A4-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  grant_number: SFB-TR3-TP10B
  name: "Glutamaterge synaptische Ã\x9Cbertragung und PlastizitÃ¤t in hippocampalen
    Mikroschaltkreisen"
publication: Biophysical Journal
publication_status: published
publisher: Biophysical
publist_id: '3774'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: A deconvolution based method with high sensitivity and temporal resolution
  for detection of spontaneous synaptic currents in vitro and in vivo
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 103
year: '2012'
...
---
_id: '493'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'The BCI competition IV stands in the tradition of prior BCI competitions
    that aim to provide high quality neuroscientific data for open access to the scientific
    community. As experienced already in prior competitions not only scientists from
    the narrow field of BCI compete, but scholars with a broad variety of backgrounds
    and nationalities. They include high specialists as well as students.The goals
    of all BCI competitions have always been to challenge with respect to novel paradigms
    and complex data. We report on the following challenges: (1) asynchronous data,
    (2) synthetic, (3) multi-class continuous data, (4) sessionto-session transfer,
    (5) directionally modulated MEG, (6) finger movements recorded by ECoG. As after
    past competitions, our hope is that winning entries may enhance the analysis methods
    of future BCIs.'
acknowledgement: "The studies were in part or completely supported by the Bundesministerium
  für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Fkz 01IB001A, 01GQ0850, by the German Science
  Foundation (DFG, contract MU 987/3-2), by the European ICT Programme Projects FP7-224631
  and 216886, the World Class University Program through the National Research Foundation
  of Korea funded by the Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology (Grant R31-10008),
  the US Army Research Office [W911NF-08-1-0216 (Gerwin Schalk) and W911NF-07-1-0415
  (Gerwin Schalk)] and the NIH [EB006356 (Gerwin Schalk) and EB000856 (Gerwin Schalk),
  the WIN-Kolleg of the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences and Humanities, German Federal
  Ministry of Education and Research grants 01GQ0420, 01GQ0761, 01GQ0762, and 01GQ0830,
  German Research Foundation grants 550/B5 and C6, and by a scholarship from the German
  National Academic Foundation. This paper only reflects the authors’ views and funding
  agencies are not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained
  herein.\r\n"
article_number: '55'
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Michael
  full_name: Tangermann, Michael
  last_name: Tangermann
- first_name: Klaus
  full_name: Müller, Klaus
  last_name: Müller
- first_name: Ad
  full_name: Aertsen, Ad
  last_name: Aertsen
- first_name: Niels
  full_name: Birbaumer, Niels
  last_name: Birbaumer
- first_name: Christoph
  full_name: Braun, Christoph
  last_name: Braun
- first_name: Clemens
  full_name: Brunner, Clemens
  last_name: Brunner
- first_name: Robert
  full_name: Leeb, Robert
  last_name: Leeb
- first_name: Carsten
  full_name: Mehring, Carsten
  last_name: Mehring
- first_name: Kai
  full_name: Miller, Kai
  last_name: Miller
- first_name: Gernot
  full_name: Müller Putz, Gernot
  last_name: Müller Putz
- first_name: Guido
  full_name: Nolte, Guido
  last_name: Nolte
- first_name: Gert
  full_name: Pfurtscheller, Gert
  last_name: Pfurtscheller
- first_name: Hubert
  full_name: Preissl, Hubert
  last_name: Preissl
- first_name: Gerwin
  full_name: Schalk, Gerwin
  last_name: Schalk
- first_name: Alois
  full_name: Schlögl, Alois
  id: 45BF87EE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Schlögl
  orcid: 0000-0002-5621-8100
- first_name: Carmen
  full_name: Vidaurre, Carmen
  last_name: Vidaurre
- first_name: Stephan
  full_name: Waldert, Stephan
  last_name: Waldert
- first_name: Benjamin
  full_name: Blankertz, Benjamin
  last_name: Blankertz
citation:
  ama: Tangermann M, Müller K, Aertsen A, et al. Review of the BCI competition IV.
    <i>Frontiers in Neuroscience</i>. 2012;6. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2012.00055">10.3389/fnins.2012.00055</a>
  apa: Tangermann, M., Müller, K., Aertsen, A., Birbaumer, N., Braun, C., Brunner,
    C., … Blankertz, B. (2012). Review of the BCI competition IV. <i>Frontiers in
    Neuroscience</i>. Frontiers Research Foundation. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2012.00055">https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2012.00055</a>
  chicago: Tangermann, Michael, Klaus Müller, Ad Aertsen, Niels Birbaumer, Christoph
    Braun, Clemens Brunner, Robert Leeb, et al. “Review of the BCI Competition IV.”
    <i>Frontiers in Neuroscience</i>. Frontiers Research Foundation, 2012. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2012.00055">https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2012.00055</a>.
  ieee: M. Tangermann <i>et al.</i>, “Review of the BCI competition IV,” <i>Frontiers
    in Neuroscience</i>, vol. 6. Frontiers Research Foundation, 2012.
  ista: Tangermann M, Müller K, Aertsen A, Birbaumer N, Braun C, Brunner C, Leeb R,
    Mehring C, Miller K, Müller Putz G, Nolte G, Pfurtscheller G, Preissl H, Schalk
    G, Schlögl A, Vidaurre C, Waldert S, Blankertz B. 2012. Review of the BCI competition
    IV. Frontiers in Neuroscience. 6, 55.
  mla: Tangermann, Michael, et al. “Review of the BCI Competition IV.” <i>Frontiers
    in Neuroscience</i>, vol. 6, 55, Frontiers Research Foundation, 2012, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2012.00055">10.3389/fnins.2012.00055</a>.
  short: M. Tangermann, K. Müller, A. Aertsen, N. Birbaumer, C. Braun, C. Brunner,
    R. Leeb, C. Mehring, K. Miller, G. Müller Putz, G. Nolte, G. Pfurtscheller, H.
    Preissl, G. Schalk, A. Schlögl, C. Vidaurre, S. Waldert, B. Blankertz, Frontiers
    in Neuroscience 6 (2012).
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:46:46Z
date_published: 2012-07-13T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-09-30T08:35:59Z
day: '13'
ddc:
- '004'
department:
- _id: ScienComp
- _id: PeJo
doi: 10.3389/fnins.2012.00055
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000209165300066'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: 195238221c4b0b0f4035f6f6c16ea17c
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: system
  date_created: 2018-12-12T10:18:34Z
  date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:46:35Z
  file_id: '5356'
  file_name: IST-2018-945-v1+1_2012_Schloegl_Review_of.pdf
  file_size: 2693701
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file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:46:35Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '         6'
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month: '07'
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oa_version: Published Version
publication: Frontiers in Neuroscience
publication_status: published
publisher: Frontiers Research Foundation
publist_id: '7327'
pubrep_id: '945'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Review of the BCI competition IV
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 6
year: '2012'
...
---
_id: '490'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'BioSig is an open source software library for biomedical signal processing.
    The aim of the BioSig project is to foster research in biomedical signal processing
    by providing free and open source software tools for many different application
    areas. Some of the areas where BioSig can be employed are neuroinformatics, brain-computer
    interfaces, neurophysiology, psychology, cardiovascular systems, and sleep research.
    Moreover, the analysis of biosignals such as the electroencephalogram (EEG), electrocorticogram
    (ECoG), electrocardiogram (ECG), electrooculogram (EOG), electromyogram (EMG),
    or respiration signals is a very relevant element of the BioSig project. Specifically,
    BioSig provides solutions for data acquisition, artifact processing, quality control,
    feature extraction, classification, modeling, and data visualization, to name
    a few. In this paper, we highlight several methods to help students and researchers
    to work more efficiently with biomedical signals. '
article_number: '935364'
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Alois
  full_name: Schlögl, Alois
  id: 45BF87EE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Schlögl
  orcid: 0000-0002-5621-8100
- first_name: Carmen
  full_name: Vidaurre, Carmen
  last_name: Vidaurre
- first_name: Tilmann
  full_name: Sander, Tilmann
  last_name: Sander
citation:
  ama: 'Schlögl A, Vidaurre C, Sander T. BioSig: The free and open source software
    library for biomedical signal processing. <i>Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience</i>.
    2011;2011. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/935364">10.1155/2011/935364</a>'
  apa: 'Schlögl, A., Vidaurre, C., &#38; Sander, T. (2011). BioSig: The free and open
    source software library for biomedical signal processing. <i>Computational Intelligence
    and Neuroscience</i>. Hindawi Publishing Corporation. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/935364">https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/935364</a>'
  chicago: 'Schlögl, Alois, Carmen Vidaurre, and Tilmann Sander. “BioSig: The Free
    and Open Source Software Library for Biomedical Signal Processing.” <i>Computational
    Intelligence and Neuroscience</i>. Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2011. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/935364">https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/935364</a>.'
  ieee: 'A. Schlögl, C. Vidaurre, and T. Sander, “BioSig: The free and open source
    software library for biomedical signal processing,” <i>Computational Intelligence
    and Neuroscience</i>, vol. 2011. Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2011.'
  ista: 'Schlögl A, Vidaurre C, Sander T. 2011. BioSig: The free and open source software
    library for biomedical signal processing. Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience.
    2011, 935364.'
  mla: 'Schlögl, Alois, et al. “BioSig: The Free and Open Source Software Library
    for Biomedical Signal Processing.” <i>Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience</i>,
    vol. 2011, 935364, Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2011, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/935364">10.1155/2011/935364</a>.'
  short: A. Schlögl, C. Vidaurre, T. Sander, Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience
    2011 (2011).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:46:45Z
date_published: 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-09-30T09:24:43Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '005'
department:
- _id: ScienComp
- _id: PeJo
doi: 10.1155/2011/935364
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000208906100033'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: 8263bbf255171f2054f43f3db5f53b6e
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: system
  date_created: 2018-12-12T10:07:44Z
  date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:46:35Z
  file_id: '4642'
  file_name: IST-2018-947-v1+1_2011_Schloegl_BioSig.pdf
  file_size: 2863551
  relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:46:35Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '      2011'
isi: 1
language:
- iso: eng
month: '01'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience
publication_status: published
publisher: Hindawi Publishing Corporation
publist_id: '7330'
pubrep_id: '947'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'BioSig: The free and open source software library for biomedical signal processing'
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 2011
year: '2011'
...
---
_id: '14983'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'This chapter tackles a difficult challenge: presenting signal processing
    material to non-experts. This chapter is meant to be comprehensible to people
    who have some math background, including a course in linear algebra and basic
    statistics, but do not specialize in mathematics, engineering, or related fields.
    Some formulas assume the reader is familiar with matrices and basic matrix operations,
    but not more advanced material. Furthermore, we tried to make the chapter readable
    even if you skip the formulas. Nevertheless, we include some simple methods to
    demonstrate the basics of adaptive data processing, then we proceed with some
    advanced methods that are fundamental in adaptive signal processing, and are likely
    to be useful in a variety of applications. The advanced algorithms are also online
    available [30]. In the second part, these techniques are applied to some real-world
    BCI data.'
acknowledgement: This work was supported by the EU grants “BrainCom” (FP6-2004-Mobility-5
  Grant No 024259) and “Multi-adaptive BCI” (MEIF-CT-2006 Grant No 040666). Furthermore,
  we thank Matthias Krauledat for fruitful discussions and tools for generating Fig.
  5.
alternative_title:
- The Frontiers Collection
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Alois
  full_name: Schlögl, Alois
  id: 45BF87EE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Schlögl
  orcid: 0000-0002-5621-8100
- first_name: Carmen
  full_name: Vidaurre, Carmen
  last_name: Vidaurre
- first_name: Klaus-Robert
  full_name: Müller, Klaus-Robert
  last_name: Müller
citation:
  ama: 'Schlögl A, Vidaurre C, Müller K-R. Adaptive Methods in BCI Research - An Introductory
    Tutorial. In: Graimann B, Pfurtscheller G, Allison B, eds. <i>Brain-Computer Interfaces</i>.
    1st ed. FRONTCOLL. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2010:331-355. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02091-9_18">10.1007/978-3-642-02091-9_18</a>'
  apa: 'Schlögl, A., Vidaurre, C., &#38; Müller, K.-R. (2010). Adaptive Methods in
    BCI Research - An Introductory Tutorial. In B. Graimann, G. Pfurtscheller, &#38;
    B. Allison (Eds.), <i>Brain-Computer Interfaces</i> (1st ed., pp. 331–355). Berlin,
    Heidelberg: Springer. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02091-9_18">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02091-9_18</a>'
  chicago: 'Schlögl, Alois, Carmen Vidaurre, and Klaus-Robert Müller. “Adaptive Methods
    in BCI Research - An Introductory Tutorial.” In <i>Brain-Computer Interfaces</i>,
    edited by Bernhard Graimann, Gert Pfurtscheller, and Brendan Allison, 1st ed.,
    331–55. FRONTCOLL. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2010. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02091-9_18">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02091-9_18</a>.'
  ieee: 'A. Schlögl, C. Vidaurre, and K.-R. Müller, “Adaptive Methods in BCI Research
    - An Introductory Tutorial,” in <i>Brain-Computer Interfaces</i>, 1st ed., B.
    Graimann, G. Pfurtscheller, and B. Allison, Eds. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer,
    2010, pp. 331–355.'
  ista: 'Schlögl A, Vidaurre C, Müller K-R. 2010.Adaptive Methods in BCI Research
    - An Introductory Tutorial. In: Brain-Computer Interfaces. The Frontiers Collection,
    , 331–355.'
  mla: Schlögl, Alois, et al. “Adaptive Methods in BCI Research - An Introductory
    Tutorial.” <i>Brain-Computer Interfaces</i>, edited by Bernhard Graimann et al.,
    1st ed., Springer, 2010, pp. 331–55, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02091-9_18">10.1007/978-3-642-02091-9_18</a>.
  short: A. Schlögl, C. Vidaurre, K.-R. Müller, in:, B. Graimann, G. Pfurtscheller,
    B. Allison (Eds.), Brain-Computer Interfaces, 1st ed., Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg,
    2010, pp. 331–355.
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2024-02-14T09:56:00Z
date_published: 2010-09-06T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-10-21T06:03:06Z
day: '06'
department:
- _id: ScienComp
doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-02091-9_18
edition: '1'
editor:
- first_name: Bernhard
  full_name: Graimann, Bernhard
  last_name: Graimann
- first_name: Gert
  full_name: Pfurtscheller, Gert
  last_name: Pfurtscheller
- first_name: Brendan
  full_name: Allison, Brendan
  last_name: Allison
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa_version: None
page: 331-355
place: Berlin, Heidelberg
publication: Brain-Computer Interfaces
publication_identifier:
  eisbn:
  - '9783642020919'
  isbn:
  - '9783642020902'
  issn:
  - 1612-3018
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
series_title: FRONTCOLL
status: public
title: Adaptive Methods in BCI Research - An Introductory Tutorial
type: book_chapter
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2010'
...
