[{"issue":"2","abstract":[{"text":"This paper proposes a method for simulating liquids in large bodies of water by coupling together a water surface wave simulator with a 3D Navier-Stokes simulator. The surface wave simulation uses the equivalent sources method (ESM) to efficiently animate large bodies of water with precisely controllable wave propagation behavior. The 3D liquid simulator animates complex non-linear fluid behaviors like splashes and breaking waves using off-the-shelf simulators using FLIP or the level set method with semi-Lagrangian advection.\r\nWe combine the two approaches by using the 3D solver to animate localized non-linear behaviors, and the 2D wave solver to animate larger regions with linear surface physics. We use the surface motion from the 3D solver as boundary conditions for 2D surface wave simulator, and we use the velocity and surface heights from the 2D surface wave simulator as boundary conditions for the 3D fluid simulation. We also introduce a novel technique for removing visual artifacts caused by numerical errors in 3D fluid solvers: we use experimental data to estimate the artificial dispersion caused by the 3D solver and we then carefully tune the wave speeds of the 2D solver to match it, effectively eliminating any differences in wave behavior across the boundary. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time such a empirically driven error compensation approach has been used to remove coupling errors from a physics simulator.\r\nOur coupled simulation approach leverages the strengths of each simulation technique, animating large environments with seamless transitions between 2D and 3D physics.","lang":"eng"}],"type":"journal_article","oa_version":"Submitted Version","intvolume":" 41","title":"Coupling 3D liquid simulation with 2D wave propagation for large scale water surface animation using the equivalent sources method","status":"public","user_id":"4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8","_id":"11432","article_processing_charge":"No","day":"01","scopus_import":"1","date_published":"2022-05-01T00:00:00Z","page":"343-353","article_type":"original","citation":{"short":"C. Schreck, C. Wojtan, Computer Graphics Forum 41 (2022) 343–353.","mla":"Schreck, Camille, and Chris Wojtan. “Coupling 3D Liquid Simulation with 2D Wave Propagation for Large Scale Water Surface Animation Using the Equivalent Sources Method.” Computer Graphics Forum, vol. 41, no. 2, Wiley, 2022, pp. 343–53, doi:10.1111/cgf.14478.","chicago":"Schreck, Camille, and Chris Wojtan. “Coupling 3D Liquid Simulation with 2D Wave Propagation for Large Scale Water Surface Animation Using the Equivalent Sources Method.” Computer Graphics Forum. Wiley, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1111/cgf.14478.","ama":"Schreck C, Wojtan C. Coupling 3D liquid simulation with 2D wave propagation for large scale water surface animation using the equivalent sources method. Computer Graphics Forum. 2022;41(2):343-353. doi:10.1111/cgf.14478","apa":"Schreck, C., & Wojtan, C. (2022). Coupling 3D liquid simulation with 2D wave propagation for large scale water surface animation using the equivalent sources method. Computer Graphics Forum. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1111/cgf.14478","ieee":"C. Schreck and C. Wojtan, “Coupling 3D liquid simulation with 2D wave propagation for large scale water surface animation using the equivalent sources method,” Computer Graphics Forum, vol. 41, no. 2. Wiley, pp. 343–353, 2022.","ista":"Schreck C, Wojtan C. 2022. Coupling 3D liquid simulation with 2D wave propagation for large scale water surface animation using the equivalent sources method. Computer Graphics Forum. 41(2), 343–353."},"publication":"Computer Graphics Forum","ec_funded":1,"volume":41,"date_updated":"2023-08-02T06:44:05Z","date_created":"2022-06-05T22:01:49Z","author":[{"id":"2B14B676-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Schreck","first_name":"Camille","full_name":"Schreck, Camille"},{"full_name":"Wojtan, Christopher J","first_name":"Christopher J","last_name":"Wojtan","id":"3C61F1D2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0001-6646-5546"}],"department":[{"_id":"ChWo"}],"publisher":"Wiley","publication_status":"published","year":"2022","acknowledgement":"We wish to thank the anonymous reviewers and the members of the Visual Computing Group at IST Austria and MFX Team at INRIA for their valuable feedback. This research was supported by the Scientific Service Units (SSU) of IST Austria through resources provided by Scientific Computing. This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 638176.","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0167-7055"],"eissn":["1467-8659"]},"month":"05","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"ScienComp"}],"doi":"10.1111/cgf.14478","project":[{"_id":"2533E772-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"638176","name":"Efficient Simulation of Natural Phenomena at Extremely Large Scales","call_identifier":"H2020"}],"quality_controlled":"1","isi":1,"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03641349/","open_access":"1"}],"external_id":{"isi":["000802723900027"]},"oa":1},{"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0167-7055"],"eissn":["1467-8659"]},"month":"05","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"M-Shop"}],"doi":"10.1111/cgf.14490","project":[{"_id":"24F9549A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"715767","name":"MATERIALIZABLE: Intelligent fabrication-oriented Computational Design and Modeling","call_identifier":"H2020"}],"quality_controlled":"1","isi":1,"oa":1,"external_id":{"isi":["000802723900039"]},"ec_funded":1,"file_date_updated":"2022-03-27T17:34:11Z","volume":41,"date_created":"2022-03-27T17:34:17Z","date_updated":"2023-08-03T06:17:13Z","author":[{"orcid":"0000-0001-9200-5690","id":"70f0d7cf-ae65-11ec-a14f-89dfc5505b19","last_name":"Liu","first_name":"Zhenyuan","full_name":"Liu, Zhenyuan"},{"last_name":"Hu","first_name":"Jingyu","full_name":"Hu, Jingyu"},{"first_name":"Hao","last_name":"Xu","full_name":"Xu, Hao"},{"full_name":"Song, Peng","first_name":"Peng","last_name":"Song"},{"first_name":"Ran","last_name":"Zhang","full_name":"Zhang, Ran"},{"full_name":"Bickel, Bernd","id":"49876194-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0001-6511-9385","first_name":"Bernd","last_name":"Bickel"},{"first_name":"Chi-Wing","last_name":"Fu","full_name":"Fu, Chi-Wing"}],"publisher":"Wiley","department":[{"_id":"BeBi"}],"publication_status":"published","year":"2022","acknowledgement":"This work was supported by the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China [Project No.: CUHK 14201921] and the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No 715767 – MATERIALIZABLE). We thank the anonymous reviewers for their insightful feedback; Christian Hafner for proofreading and discussions; Ziqi Wang,\r\nHaisen Zhao, and Martin Hafskjold Thoresen for the helpful discussions; and the Miba Machine Shop at IST Austria for 3D printing the BUNNY and BOOMERANG models.","article_processing_charge":"No","has_accepted_license":"1","day":"01","scopus_import":"1","date_published":"2022-05-01T00:00:00Z","page":"507-519","article_type":"original","citation":{"chicago":"Liu, Zhenyuan, Jingyu Hu, Hao Xu, Peng Song, Ran Zhang, Bernd Bickel, and Chi-Wing Fu. “Worst-Case Rigidity Analysis and Optimization for Assemblies with Mechanical Joints.” Computer Graphics Forum. Wiley, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1111/cgf.14490.","short":"Z. Liu, J. Hu, H. Xu, P. Song, R. Zhang, B. Bickel, C.-W. Fu, Computer Graphics Forum 41 (2022) 507–519.","mla":"Liu, Zhenyuan, et al. “Worst-Case Rigidity Analysis and Optimization for Assemblies with Mechanical Joints.” Computer Graphics Forum, vol. 41, no. 2, Wiley, 2022, pp. 507–19, doi:10.1111/cgf.14490.","ieee":"Z. Liu et al., “Worst-case rigidity analysis and optimization for assemblies with mechanical joints,” Computer Graphics Forum, vol. 41, no. 2. Wiley, pp. 507–519, 2022.","apa":"Liu, Z., Hu, J., Xu, H., Song, P., Zhang, R., Bickel, B., & Fu, C.-W. (2022). Worst-case rigidity analysis and optimization for assemblies with mechanical joints. Computer Graphics Forum. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1111/cgf.14490","ista":"Liu Z, Hu J, Xu H, Song P, Zhang R, Bickel B, Fu C-W. 2022. Worst-case rigidity analysis and optimization for assemblies with mechanical joints. Computer Graphics Forum. 41(2), 507–519.","ama":"Liu Z, Hu J, Xu H, et al. Worst-case rigidity analysis and optimization for assemblies with mechanical joints. Computer Graphics Forum. 2022;41(2):507-519. doi:10.1111/cgf.14490"},"publication":"Computer Graphics Forum","issue":"2","abstract":[{"text":"We study structural rigidity for assemblies with mechanical joints. Existing methods identify whether an assembly is structurally rigid by assuming parts are perfectly rigid. Yet, an assembly identified as rigid may not be that “rigid” in practice, and existing methods cannot quantify how rigid an assembly is. We address this limitation by developing a new measure, worst-case rigidity, to quantify the rigidity of an assembly as the largest possible deformation that the assembly undergoes for arbitrary external loads of fixed magnitude. Computing worst-case rigidity is non-trivial due to non-rigid parts and different joint types. We thus formulate a new computational approach by encoding parts and their connections into a stiffness matrix, in which parts are modeled as deformable objects and joints as soft constraints. Based on this, we formulate worst-case rigidity analysis as an optimization that seeks the worst-case deformation of an assembly for arbitrary external loads, and solve the optimization problem via an eigenanalysis. Furthermore, we present methods to optimize the geometry and topology of various assemblies to enhance their rigidity, as guided by our rigidity measure. In the end, we validate our method on a variety of assembly structures with physical experiments and demonstrate its effectiveness by designing and fabricating several structurally rigid assemblies.","lang":"eng"}],"type":"journal_article","oa_version":"Submitted Version","file":[{"creator":"bbickel","content_type":"application/pdf","file_size":19601689,"access_level":"open_access","file_name":"paper.pdf","checksum":"b62188b07f5c000f1638c782ec92da41","date_created":"2022-03-27T17:34:11Z","date_updated":"2022-03-27T17:34:11Z","file_id":"10923","relation":"main_file"}],"intvolume":" 41","ddc":["000"],"title":"Worst-case rigidity analysis and optimization for assemblies with mechanical joints","status":"public","_id":"10922","user_id":"4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8"},{"scopus_import":"1","keyword":["Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"],"day":"01","has_accepted_license":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","publication":"Computer Graphics Forum","citation":{"chicago":"Alderighi, Thomas, Luigi Malomo, Thomas Auzinger, Bernd Bickel, Paulo Cignoni, and Nico Pietroni. “State of the Art in Computational Mould Design.” Computer Graphics Forum. Wiley, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1111/cgf.14581.","short":"T. Alderighi, L. Malomo, T. Auzinger, B. Bickel, P. Cignoni, N. Pietroni, Computer Graphics Forum 41 (2022) 435–452.","mla":"Alderighi, Thomas, et al. “State of the Art in Computational Mould Design.” Computer Graphics Forum, vol. 41, no. 6, Wiley, 2022, pp. 435–52, doi:10.1111/cgf.14581.","ieee":"T. Alderighi, L. Malomo, T. Auzinger, B. Bickel, P. Cignoni, and N. Pietroni, “State of the art in computational mould design,” Computer Graphics Forum, vol. 41, no. 6. Wiley, pp. 435–452, 2022.","apa":"Alderighi, T., Malomo, L., Auzinger, T., Bickel, B., Cignoni, P., & Pietroni, N. (2022). State of the art in computational mould design. Computer Graphics Forum. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1111/cgf.14581","ista":"Alderighi T, Malomo L, Auzinger T, Bickel B, Cignoni P, Pietroni N. 2022. State of the art in computational mould design. Computer Graphics Forum. 41(6), 435–452.","ama":"Alderighi T, Malomo L, Auzinger T, Bickel B, Cignoni P, Pietroni N. State of the art in computational mould design. Computer Graphics Forum. 2022;41(6):435-452. doi:10.1111/cgf.14581"},"article_type":"original","page":"435-452","date_published":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","type":"journal_article","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Moulding refers to a set of manufacturing techniques in which a mould, usually a cavity or a solid frame, is used to shape a liquid or pliable material into an object of the desired shape. The popularity of moulding comes from its effectiveness, scalability and versatility in terms of employed materials. Its relevance as a fabrication process is demonstrated by the extensive literature covering different aspects related to mould design, from material flow simulation to the automation of mould geometry design. In this state-of-the-art report, we provide an extensive review of the automatic methods for the design of moulds, focusing on contributions from a geometric perspective. We classify existing mould design methods based on their computational approach and the nature of their target moulding process. We summarize the relationships between computational approaches and moulding techniques, highlighting their strengths and limitations. Finally, we discuss potential future research directions."}],"issue":"6","_id":"11993","user_id":"4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8","ddc":["000"],"title":"State of the art in computational mould design","status":"public","intvolume":" 41","oa_version":"Submitted Version","file":[{"relation":"main_file","title":"pre-peer reviewed version","file_id":"11994","date_created":"2022-08-28T18:18:08Z","date_updated":"2022-08-28T18:18:08Z","checksum":"c40cc8ceb7b7f0512172b883d712198e","description":"This is the pre-peer reviewed version of the following article: Alderighi, T., Malomo, L., Auzinger, T., Bickel, B., Cignoni, P. and Pietroni, N. (2022), State of the Art in Computational Mould Design. Computer Graphics Forum, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1111/cgf.14581. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions.","file_name":"star_molding_preprint.pdf","access_level":"open_access","file_size":32480850,"content_type":"application/pdf","creator":"bbickel"}],"month":"09","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1467-8659"],"issn":["0167-7055"]},"external_id":{"isi":["000842638900001"]},"oa":1,"quality_controlled":"1","isi":1,"doi":"10.1111/cgf.14581","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"file_date_updated":"2022-08-28T18:18:08Z","year":"2022","publication_status":"published","department":[{"_id":"BeBi"}],"publisher":"Wiley","author":[{"full_name":"Alderighi, Thomas","last_name":"Alderighi","first_name":"Thomas"},{"full_name":"Malomo, Luigi","last_name":"Malomo","first_name":"Luigi"},{"full_name":"Auzinger, Thomas","first_name":"Thomas","last_name":"Auzinger","id":"4718F954-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-1546-3265"},{"first_name":"Bernd","last_name":"Bickel","id":"49876194-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0001-6511-9385","full_name":"Bickel, Bernd"},{"last_name":"Cignoni","first_name":"Paulo","full_name":"Cignoni, Paulo"},{"last_name":"Pietroni","first_name":"Nico","full_name":"Pietroni, Nico"}],"date_updated":"2023-08-03T13:21:55Z","date_created":"2022-08-28T18:17:01Z","volume":41},{"file":[{"access_level":"open_access","file_name":"ScatteringAwareColor3DPrinting_authorVersion.pdf","creator":"bbickel","file_size":26026501,"content_type":"application/pdf","file_id":"10120","relation":"main_file","success":1,"checksum":"33271724215f54a75c39d2ed40f2c502","date_updated":"2021-10-11T12:06:50Z","date_created":"2021-10-11T12:06:50Z"}],"oa_version":"Submitted Version","user_id":"4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8","_id":"9547","intvolume":" 40","status":"public","title":"Neural acceleration of scattering-aware color 3D printing","ddc":["004"],"issue":"2","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"With the wider availability of full-color 3D printers, color-accurate 3D-print preparation has received increased attention. A key challenge lies in the inherent translucency of commonly used print materials that blurs out details of the color texture. Previous work tries to compensate for these scattering effects through strategic assignment of colored primary materials to printer voxels. To date, the highest-quality approach uses iterative optimization that relies on computationally expensive Monte Carlo light transport simulation to predict the surface appearance from subsurface scattering within a given print material distribution; that optimization, however, takes in the order of days on a single machine. In our work, we dramatically speed up the process by replacing the light transport simulation with a data-driven approach. Leveraging a deep neural network to predict the scattering within a highly heterogeneous medium, our method performs around two orders of magnitude faster than Monte Carlo rendering while yielding optimization results of similar quality level. The network is based on an established method from atmospheric cloud rendering, adapted to our domain and extended by a physically motivated weight sharing scheme that substantially reduces the network size. We analyze its performance in an end-to-end print preparation pipeline and compare quality and runtime to alternative approaches, and demonstrate its generalization to unseen geometry and material values. This for the first time enables full heterogenous material optimization for 3D-print preparation within time frames in the order of the actual printing time."}],"type":"journal_article","date_published":"2021-05-01T00:00:00Z","citation":{"ama":"Rittig T, Sumin D, Babaei V, et al. Neural acceleration of scattering-aware color 3D printing. Computer Graphics Forum. 2021;40(2):205-219. doi:10.1111/cgf.142626","ista":"Rittig T, Sumin D, Babaei V, Didyk P, Voloboy A, Wilkie A, Bickel B, Myszkowski K, Weyrich T, Křivánek J. 2021. Neural acceleration of scattering-aware color 3D printing. Computer Graphics Forum. 40(2), 205–219.","ieee":"T. Rittig et al., “Neural acceleration of scattering-aware color 3D printing,” Computer Graphics Forum, vol. 40, no. 2. Wiley, pp. 205–219, 2021.","apa":"Rittig, T., Sumin, D., Babaei, V., Didyk, P., Voloboy, A., Wilkie, A., … Křivánek, J. (2021). Neural acceleration of scattering-aware color 3D printing. Computer Graphics Forum. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1111/cgf.142626","mla":"Rittig, Tobias, et al. “Neural Acceleration of Scattering-Aware Color 3D Printing.” Computer Graphics Forum, vol. 40, no. 2, Wiley, 2021, pp. 205–19, doi:10.1111/cgf.142626.","short":"T. Rittig, D. Sumin, V. Babaei, P. Didyk, A. Voloboy, A. Wilkie, B. Bickel, K. Myszkowski, T. Weyrich, J. Křivánek, Computer Graphics Forum 40 (2021) 205–219.","chicago":"Rittig, Tobias, Denis Sumin, Vahid Babaei, Piotr Didyk, Alexey Voloboy, Alexander Wilkie, Bernd Bickel, Karol Myszkowski, Tim Weyrich, and Jaroslav Křivánek. “Neural Acceleration of Scattering-Aware Color 3D Printing.” Computer Graphics Forum. Wiley, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1111/cgf.142626."},"publication":"Computer Graphics Forum","page":"205-219","article_type":"original","article_processing_charge":"No","has_accepted_license":"1","day":"01","scopus_import":"1","author":[{"last_name":"Rittig","first_name":"Tobias","full_name":"Rittig, Tobias"},{"full_name":"Sumin, Denis","last_name":"Sumin","first_name":"Denis"},{"full_name":"Babaei, Vahid","last_name":"Babaei","first_name":"Vahid"},{"first_name":"Piotr","last_name":"Didyk","full_name":"Didyk, Piotr"},{"last_name":"Voloboy","first_name":"Alexey","full_name":"Voloboy, Alexey"},{"first_name":"Alexander","last_name":"Wilkie","full_name":"Wilkie, Alexander"},{"orcid":"0000-0001-6511-9385","id":"49876194-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Bickel","first_name":"Bernd","full_name":"Bickel, Bernd"},{"first_name":"Karol","last_name":"Myszkowski","full_name":"Myszkowski, Karol"},{"full_name":"Weyrich, Tim","last_name":"Weyrich","first_name":"Tim"},{"full_name":"Křivánek, Jaroslav","first_name":"Jaroslav","last_name":"Křivánek"}],"volume":40,"date_created":"2021-06-13T22:01:32Z","date_updated":"2023-08-14T08:01:50Z","year":"2021","acknowledgement":"We thank Sebastian Cucerca for processing and capturing the phys-cal printouts. This work was supported by the Charles University grant SVV-260588 and Czech Science Foundation grant 19-07626S. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme, under the Marie Skłodowska Curie grant agreements No 642841 (DISTRO) and No765911 (RealVision), and under the European Research Council grant agreement No 715767 (MATERIALIZABLE).","publisher":"Wiley","department":[{"_id":"BeBi"}],"publication_status":"published","ec_funded":1,"file_date_updated":"2021-10-11T12:06:50Z","doi":"10.1111/cgf.142626","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"oa":1,"external_id":{"isi":["000657959600017"]},"project":[{"call_identifier":"H2020","name":"Distributed 3D Object Design","_id":"2508E324-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"642841"},{"grant_number":"715767","_id":"24F9549A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"H2020","name":"MATERIALIZABLE: Intelligent fabrication-oriented Computational Design and Modeling"}],"isi":1,"quality_controlled":"1","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0167-7055"],"eissn":["1467-8659"]},"month":"05"},{"publisher":"Wiley","department":[{"_id":"ToHe"}],"publication_status":"published","acknowledgement":"We thank Robert Geirhos and Roland Zimmermann for their participation in the case study and valuable feedback, Chris Olah and Nick Cammarata for valuable discussions in the early phase of the project, as well as the Distill Slack workspace as a platform for discussions. M.L. is supported in part by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) under grant Z211-N23 (Wittgenstein Award). J.B. is supported by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research\r\n(BMBF) through the Competence Center for Machine Learning (TUE.AI, FKZ 01IS18039A) and the International Max Planck Research School for Intelligent Systems (IMPRS-IS). R.H. is partially supported by Boeing and Horizon-2020 ECSEL (grant 783163, iDev40).\r\n","year":"2021","volume":40,"date_created":"2021-12-05T23:01:40Z","date_updated":"2023-08-14T13:11:42Z","author":[{"first_name":"Stefan","last_name":"Sietzen","full_name":"Sietzen, Stefan"},{"full_name":"Lechner, Mathias","last_name":"Lechner","first_name":"Mathias","id":"3DC22916-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"first_name":"Judy","last_name":"Borowski","full_name":"Borowski, Judy"},{"full_name":"Hasani, Ramin","first_name":"Ramin","last_name":"Hasani"},{"first_name":"Manuela","last_name":"Waldner","full_name":"Waldner, Manuela"}],"project":[{"call_identifier":"FWF","name":"The Wittgenstein Prize","grant_number":"Z211","_id":"25F42A32-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"}],"quality_controlled":"1","isi":1,"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2110.07667","open_access":"1"}],"oa":1,"external_id":{"isi":["000722952000024"],"arxiv":["2110.07667"]},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1111/cgf.14418","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0167-7055"],"eissn":["1467-8659"]},"month":"11","intvolume":" 40","title":"Interactive analysis of CNN robustness","status":"public","user_id":"4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8","_id":"10404","oa_version":"Preprint","type":"journal_article","issue":"7","abstract":[{"text":"While convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have found wide adoption as state-of-the-art models for image-related tasks, their predictions are often highly sensitive to small input perturbations, which the human vision is robust against. This paper presents Perturber, a web-based application that allows users to instantaneously explore how CNN activations and predictions evolve when a 3D input scene is interactively perturbed. Perturber offers a large variety of scene modifications, such as camera controls, lighting and shading effects, background modifications, object morphing, as well as adversarial attacks, to facilitate the discovery of potential vulnerabilities. Fine-tuned model versions can be directly compared for qualitative evaluation of their robustness. Case studies with machine learning experts have shown that Perturber helps users to quickly generate hypotheses about model vulnerabilities and to qualitatively compare model behavior. Using quantitative analyses, we could replicate users’ insights with other CNN architectures and input images, yielding new insights about the vulnerability of adversarially trained models.","lang":"eng"}],"page":"253-264","article_type":"original","citation":{"ama":"Sietzen S, Lechner M, Borowski J, Hasani R, Waldner M. Interactive analysis of CNN robustness. Computer Graphics Forum. 2021;40(7):253-264. doi:10.1111/cgf.14418","apa":"Sietzen, S., Lechner, M., Borowski, J., Hasani, R., & Waldner, M. (2021). Interactive analysis of CNN robustness. Computer Graphics Forum. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1111/cgf.14418","ieee":"S. Sietzen, M. Lechner, J. Borowski, R. Hasani, and M. Waldner, “Interactive analysis of CNN robustness,” Computer Graphics Forum, vol. 40, no. 7. Wiley, pp. 253–264, 2021.","ista":"Sietzen S, Lechner M, Borowski J, Hasani R, Waldner M. 2021. Interactive analysis of CNN robustness. Computer Graphics Forum. 40(7), 253–264.","short":"S. Sietzen, M. Lechner, J. Borowski, R. Hasani, M. Waldner, Computer Graphics Forum 40 (2021) 253–264.","mla":"Sietzen, Stefan, et al. “Interactive Analysis of CNN Robustness.” Computer Graphics Forum, vol. 40, no. 7, Wiley, 2021, pp. 253–64, doi:10.1111/cgf.14418.","chicago":"Sietzen, Stefan, Mathias Lechner, Judy Borowski, Ramin Hasani, and Manuela Waldner. “Interactive Analysis of CNN Robustness.” Computer Graphics Forum. Wiley, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1111/cgf.14418."},"publication":"Computer Graphics Forum","date_published":"2021-11-27T00:00:00Z","scopus_import":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","day":"27"},{"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1467-8659"],"issn":["0167-7055"]},"month":"05","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"ScienComp"}],"doi":"10.1111/cgf.13914","project":[{"name":"Efficient Simulation of Natural Phenomena at Extremely Large Scales","call_identifier":"H2020","grant_number":"638176","_id":"2533E772-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"}],"quality_controlled":"1","isi":1,"external_id":{"isi":["000548709600008"]},"oa":1,"ec_funded":1,"file_date_updated":"2020-11-23T09:05:13Z","volume":39,"date_created":"2020-11-17T09:35:10Z","date_updated":"2023-09-05T16:00:13Z","author":[{"first_name":"Camille","last_name":"Schreck","id":"2B14B676-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Schreck, Camille"},{"full_name":"Wojtan, Christopher J","orcid":"0000-0001-6646-5546","id":"3C61F1D2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Wojtan","first_name":"Christopher J"}],"publisher":"Wiley","department":[{"_id":"ChWo"}],"publication_status":"published","year":"2020","acknowledgement":"We wish to thank the anonymous reviewers and the members of the Visual Computing Group at IST Austria for their valuable feedback. This research was supported by the Scientific Service Units (SSU) of IST Austria through resources provided by Scientific Computing. We would also like to thank Joseph Teran and Chenfanfu Jiang for the helpful discussions.\r\nThis project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 638176.","has_accepted_license":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","day":"01","keyword":["Computer Networks and Communications"],"scopus_import":"1","date_published":"2020-05-01T00:00:00Z","page":"89-99","article_type":"original","citation":{"short":"C. Schreck, C. Wojtan, Computer Graphics Forum 39 (2020) 89–99.","mla":"Schreck, Camille, and Chris Wojtan. “A Practical Method for Animating Anisotropic Elastoplastic Materials.” Computer Graphics Forum, vol. 39, no. 2, Wiley, 2020, pp. 89–99, doi:10.1111/cgf.13914.","chicago":"Schreck, Camille, and Chris Wojtan. “A Practical Method for Animating Anisotropic Elastoplastic Materials.” Computer Graphics Forum. Wiley, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1111/cgf.13914.","ama":"Schreck C, Wojtan C. A practical method for animating anisotropic elastoplastic materials. Computer Graphics Forum. 2020;39(2):89-99. doi:10.1111/cgf.13914","apa":"Schreck, C., & Wojtan, C. (2020). A practical method for animating anisotropic elastoplastic materials. Computer Graphics Forum. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1111/cgf.13914","ieee":"C. Schreck and C. Wojtan, “A practical method for animating anisotropic elastoplastic materials,” Computer Graphics Forum, vol. 39, no. 2. Wiley, pp. 89–99, 2020.","ista":"Schreck C, Wojtan C. 2020. A practical method for animating anisotropic elastoplastic materials. Computer Graphics Forum. 39(2), 89–99."},"publication":"Computer Graphics Forum","issue":"2","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"This paper introduces a simple method for simulating highly anisotropic elastoplastic material behaviors like the dissolution of fibrous phenomena (splintering wood, shredding bales of hay) and materials composed of large numbers of irregularly‐shaped bodies (piles of twigs, pencils, or cards). We introduce a simple transformation of the anisotropic problem into an equivalent isotropic one, and we solve this new “fictitious” isotropic problem using an existing simulator based on the material point method. Our approach results in minimal changes to existing simulators, and it allows us to re‐use popular isotropic plasticity models like the Drucker‐Prager yield criterion instead of inventing new anisotropic plasticity models for every phenomenon we wish to simulate."}],"type":"journal_article","file":[{"file_id":"8796","relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2020-11-23T09:05:13Z","date_created":"2020-11-23T09:05:13Z","success":1,"checksum":"7605f605acd84d0942b48bc7a1c2d72e","file_name":"2020_poff_revisited.pdf","access_level":"open_access","creator":"dernst","file_size":38969122,"content_type":"application/pdf"}],"oa_version":"Submitted Version","intvolume":" 39","ddc":["000"],"title":"A practical method for animating anisotropic elastoplastic materials","status":"public","_id":"8765","user_id":"c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1"},{"publication":"Computer Graphics Forum","citation":{"mla":"Yu, Jihun, et al. “Explicit Mesh Surfaces for Particle Based Fluids.” Computer Graphics Forum, vol. 31, no. 2, Wiley, 2012, pp. 815–24, doi:10.1111/j.1467-8659.2012.03062.x.","short":"J. Yu, C. Wojtan, G. Turk, C. Yap, in:, Computer Graphics Forum, Wiley, 2012, pp. 815–824.","chicago":"Yu, Jihun, Chris Wojtan, Greg Turk, and Chee Yap. “Explicit Mesh Surfaces for Particle Based Fluids.” In Computer Graphics Forum, 31:815–24. Wiley, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8659.2012.03062.x.","ama":"Yu J, Wojtan C, Turk G, Yap C. Explicit mesh surfaces for particle based fluids. In: Computer Graphics Forum. Vol 31. Wiley; 2012:815-824. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8659.2012.03062.x","ista":"Yu J, Wojtan C, Turk G, Yap C. 2012. Explicit mesh surfaces for particle based fluids. Computer Graphics Forum. EUROGRAPHICS: Conference on European Association for Computer Graphics, Eurographics, vol. 31, 815–824.","ieee":"J. Yu, C. Wojtan, G. Turk, and C. Yap, “Explicit mesh surfaces for particle based fluids,” in Computer Graphics Forum, Cagliari, Sardinia, Italy, 2012, vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 815–824.","apa":"Yu, J., Wojtan, C., Turk, G., & Yap, C. (2012). Explicit mesh surfaces for particle based fluids. In Computer Graphics Forum (Vol. 31, pp. 815–824). Cagliari, Sardinia, Italy: Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8659.2012.03062.x"},"page":"815 - 824","date_published":"2012-05-01T00:00:00Z","scopus_import":"1","day":"01","has_accepted_license":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","_id":"3123","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","status":"public","ddc":["000"],"title":"Explicit mesh surfaces for particle based fluids","intvolume":" 31","pubrep_id":"601","file":[{"file_size":5740527,"content_type":"application/pdf","creator":"system","file_name":"IST-2016-601-v1+1_meshSPH.pdf","access_level":"open_access","date_created":"2018-12-12T10:14:39Z","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:46:00Z","checksum":"acb325dd1e31859bedd30e013f61d0b9","relation":"main_file","file_id":"5092"}],"oa_version":"Submitted Version","type":"conference","alternative_title":["Eurographics"],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"We introduce the idea of using an explicit triangle mesh to track the air/fluid interface in a smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) simulator. Once an initial surface mesh is created, this mesh is carried forward in time using nearby particle velocities to advect the mesh vertices. The mesh connectivity remains mostly unchanged across time-steps; it is only modified locally for topology change events or for the improvement of triangle quality. In order to ensure that the surface mesh does not diverge from the underlying particle simulation, we periodically project the mesh surface onto an implicit surface defined by the physics simulation. The mesh surface gives us several advantages over previous SPH surface tracking techniques. We demonstrate a new method for surface tension calculations that clearly outperforms the state of the art in SPH surface tension for computer graphics. We also demonstrate a method for tracking detailed surface information (like colors) that is less susceptible to numerical diffusion than competing techniques. Finally, our temporally-coherent surface mesh allows us to simulate high-resolution surface wave dynamics without being limited by the particle resolution of the SPH simulation."}],"issue":"2","oa":1,"quality_controlled":"1","conference":{"end_date":"2012-05-18","start_date":"2012-05-13","location":"Cagliari, Sardinia, Italy","name":"EUROGRAPHICS: Conference on European Association for Computer Graphics"},"doi":"10.1111/j.1467-8659.2012.03062.x","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"month":"05","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0167-7055"],"eissn":["1467-8659"]},"year":"2012","acknowledgement":"This work was funded by NSF grant IIS-1017014 and CCF- 0917093.","publication_status":"published","publisher":"Wiley","department":[{"_id":"ChWo"}],"author":[{"full_name":"Yu, Jihun","last_name":"Yu","first_name":"Jihun"},{"first_name":"Christopher J","last_name":"Wojtan","id":"3C61F1D2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0001-6646-5546","full_name":"Wojtan, Christopher J"},{"first_name":"Greg","last_name":"Turk","full_name":"Turk, Greg"},{"full_name":"Yap, Chee","first_name":"Chee","last_name":"Yap"}],"date_updated":"2023-10-16T09:54:40Z","date_created":"2018-12-11T12:01:31Z","volume":31,"file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:46:00Z","publist_id":"3576"}]