[{"intvolume":"       222","external_id":{"isi":["001502896900001"],"pmid":["40471139"]},"file_date_updated":"2025-12-30T09:00:04Z","publication":"Journal of Experimental Medicine","doi":"10.1084/jem.20240109","date_updated":"2025-12-30T09:00:42Z","title":"Filamin A editing in myeloid cells reduces intestinal inflammation and protects from colitis","file":[{"date_updated":"2025-12-30T09:00:04Z","content_type":"application/pdf","creator":"dernst","success":1,"access_level":"open_access","file_name":"2025_JEM_Gawish.pdf","file_id":"20899","file_size":9349311,"checksum":"708d61fb8cf1d83ee1e33ddcfde0857e","date_created":"2025-12-30T09:00:04Z","relation":"main_file"}],"OA_place":"publisher","department":[{"_id":"MiSi"}],"citation":{"ieee":"R. Gawish <i>et al.</i>, “Filamin A editing in myeloid cells reduces intestinal inflammation and protects from colitis,” <i>Journal of Experimental Medicine</i>, vol. 222, no. 9. Rockefeller University Press, 2025.","short":"R. Gawish, R. Varada, F. Deckert, A. Hladik, L. Steinbichl, L. Cimatti, K. Milanovic, M. Jain, N. Torgasheva, A. Tanzer, K. De Paepe, T. Van De Wiele, B. Hausmann, M. Lang, M. Pechhacker, N. Ibrahim, I. de Vries, C. Brostjan, M.K. Sixt, C. Gasche, L. Boon, D. Berry, M.F. Jantsch, F.C. Pereira, C. Vesely, Journal of Experimental Medicine 222 (2025).","ista":"Gawish R, Varada R, Deckert F, Hladik A, Steinbichl L, Cimatti L, Milanovic K, Jain M, Torgasheva N, Tanzer A, De Paepe K, Van De Wiele T, Hausmann B, Lang M, Pechhacker M, Ibrahim N, de Vries I, Brostjan C, Sixt MK, Gasche C, Boon L, Berry D, Jantsch MF, Pereira FC, Vesely C. 2025. Filamin A editing in myeloid cells reduces intestinal inflammation and protects from colitis. Journal of Experimental Medicine. 222(9), e20240109.","chicago":"Gawish, Riem, Rajagopal Varada, Florian Deckert, Anastasiya Hladik, Linda Steinbichl, Laura Cimatti, Katarina Milanovic, et al. “Filamin A Editing in Myeloid Cells Reduces Intestinal Inflammation and Protects from Colitis.” <i>Journal of Experimental Medicine</i>. Rockefeller University Press, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20240109\">https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20240109</a>.","apa":"Gawish, R., Varada, R., Deckert, F., Hladik, A., Steinbichl, L., Cimatti, L., … Vesely, C. (2025). Filamin A editing in myeloid cells reduces intestinal inflammation and protects from colitis. <i>Journal of Experimental Medicine</i>. Rockefeller University Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20240109\">https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20240109</a>","mla":"Gawish, Riem, et al. “Filamin A Editing in Myeloid Cells Reduces Intestinal Inflammation and Protects from Colitis.” <i>Journal of Experimental Medicine</i>, vol. 222, no. 9, e20240109, Rockefeller University Press, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20240109\">10.1084/jem.20240109</a>.","ama":"Gawish R, Varada R, Deckert F, et al. Filamin A editing in myeloid cells reduces intestinal inflammation and protects from colitis. <i>Journal of Experimental Medicine</i>. 2025;222(9). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20240109\">10.1084/jem.20240109</a>"},"article_type":"original","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"day":"01","article_number":"e20240109","ddc":["570"],"scopus_import":"1","pmid":1,"OA_type":"hybrid","status":"public","date_created":"2025-06-29T22:01:15Z","publisher":"Rockefeller University Press","volume":222,"acknowledgement":"Sequencing was performed by the Vienna BioCenter Core Facilities (Medical University of Vienna Core Facility) and the Biomedical Sequencing Facility at CeMM, Vienna. Cell sorting and flow cytometry were performed at the Core Facility Flow Cytometry and Imaging (Medical University of Vienna). We thank Jasmin Schwarz, Gudrun Kohl, Petra Pjevac, and Joana Seneca Silva from the Joint Microbiome Facility of the Medical University of Vienna and the University of Vienna for assisting with amplicon and metagenomic sequencing, as well as repositing of sequencing data. We thank Sophia Derdak and Michael Schuster for initial data analysis, Robert Vilvoi and Stephan Hemm for animal handling, Marcel Kertesz for mouse genotyping, and Salwan Roumaia for next generation sequencing sample preparation. Treatment schemes and graphical abstracts were created with https://BioRender.com.\r\n\r\nThis work was supported by the Austrian Science Fund, grant number ZK 57-B28 to C. Vesely, R. Gawish, and F.C. Pereira; grant number V 1025-B to R. Gawish; grant number DOC32-B28 to R. Varada and M.F. Jantsch; and F8007 and P32678 to M.F. Jantsch. Open Access funding provided by Medical University of Vienna.","year":"2025","oa":1,"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"author":[{"first_name":"Riem","last_name":"Gawish","full_name":"Gawish, Riem"},{"full_name":"Varada, Rajagopal","first_name":"Rajagopal","last_name":"Varada"},{"full_name":"Deckert, Florian","last_name":"Deckert","first_name":"Florian"},{"full_name":"Hladik, Anastasiya","last_name":"Hladik","first_name":"Anastasiya"},{"first_name":"Linda","last_name":"Steinbichl","full_name":"Steinbichl, Linda"},{"last_name":"Cimatti","first_name":"Laura","full_name":"Cimatti, Laura"},{"first_name":"Katarina","last_name":"Milanovic","full_name":"Milanovic, Katarina"},{"first_name":"Mamta","last_name":"Jain","full_name":"Jain, Mamta"},{"full_name":"Torgasheva, Natalya","first_name":"Natalya","last_name":"Torgasheva"},{"full_name":"Tanzer, Andrea","last_name":"Tanzer","first_name":"Andrea"},{"last_name":"De Paepe","first_name":"Kim","full_name":"De Paepe, Kim"},{"full_name":"Van De Wiele, Tom","last_name":"Van De Wiele","first_name":"Tom"},{"full_name":"Hausmann, Bela","last_name":"Hausmann","first_name":"Bela"},{"full_name":"Lang, Michaela","last_name":"Lang","first_name":"Michaela"},{"first_name":"Martin","last_name":"Pechhacker","full_name":"Pechhacker, Martin"},{"full_name":"Ibrahim, Nahla","last_name":"Ibrahim","first_name":"Nahla"},{"full_name":"De Vries, Ingrid","last_name":"De Vries","first_name":"Ingrid","id":"4C7D837E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Brostjan, Christine","last_name":"Brostjan","first_name":"Christine"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-6620-9179","full_name":"Sixt, Michael K","id":"41E9FBEA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Michael K","last_name":"Sixt"},{"full_name":"Gasche, Christoph","first_name":"Christoph","last_name":"Gasche"},{"full_name":"Boon, Louis","last_name":"Boon","first_name":"Louis"},{"full_name":"Berry, David","first_name":"David","last_name":"Berry"},{"first_name":"Michael F.","last_name":"Jantsch","full_name":"Jantsch, Michael F."},{"last_name":"Pereira","first_name":"Fatima C.","full_name":"Pereira, Fatima C."},{"last_name":"Vesely","first_name":"Cornelia","full_name":"Vesely, Cornelia"}],"abstract":[{"text":"Patho-mechanistic origins of ulcerative colitis are still poorly understood. The actin cross-linker filamin A (FLNA) impacts cellular responses through interaction with cytosolic proteins. Posttranscriptional A-to-I editing generates two forms of FLNA: genome-encoded FLNAQ and FLNAR. FLNA is edited in colon fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, and endothelial cells. We found that the FLNA editing status determines colitis severity. Editing was highest in healthy colons and reduced during murine and human colitis. Mice that exclusively express FLNAR were highly resistant to DSS-induced colitis, whereas fully FLNAQ animals developed severe inflammation. While the genetic induction of FLNA editing influenced transcriptional states of structural cells and microbiome composition, we found that FLNAR exerts protection specifically via myeloid cells, which are physiologically unedited. Introducing fixed FLNAR did not hamper cell migration but reduced macrophage inflammation and rendered neutrophils less prone to NETosis. Thus, loss of FLNA editing correlates with colitis severity, and targeted editing of myeloid cells serves as a novel therapeutic approach in intestinal inflammation.","lang":"eng"}],"issue":"9","article_processing_charge":"Yes (via OA deal)","isi":1,"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1540-9538"],"issn":["0022-1007"]},"has_accepted_license":"1","_id":"19928","date_published":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","oa_version":"Published Version","publication_status":"published","month":"09","type":"journal_article","quality_controlled":"1"},{"user_id":"c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1","date_published":"2018-06-06T00:00:00Z","_id":"6497","has_accepted_license":"1","type":"journal_article","license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","quality_controlled":"1","month":"06","publication_status":"published","oa_version":"Published Version","author":[{"first_name":"Federica","last_name":"Moalli","full_name":"Moalli, Federica"},{"full_name":"Ficht, Xenia","first_name":"Xenia","last_name":"Ficht"},{"first_name":"Philipp","last_name":"Germann","full_name":"Germann, Philipp"},{"full_name":"Vladymyrov, Mykhailo","first_name":"Mykhailo","last_name":"Vladymyrov"},{"first_name":"Bettina","last_name":"Stolp","full_name":"Stolp, Bettina"},{"full_name":"de Vries, Ingrid","id":"4C7D837E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Ingrid","last_name":"de Vries"},{"last_name":"Lyck","first_name":"Ruth","full_name":"Lyck, Ruth"},{"last_name":"Balmer","first_name":"Jasmin","full_name":"Balmer, Jasmin"},{"last_name":"Fiocchi","first_name":"Amleto","full_name":"Fiocchi, Amleto"},{"full_name":"Kreutzfeldt, Mario","last_name":"Kreutzfeldt","first_name":"Mario"},{"full_name":"Merkler, Doron","first_name":"Doron","last_name":"Merkler"},{"full_name":"Iannacone, Matteo","first_name":"Matteo","last_name":"Iannacone"},{"full_name":"Ariga, Akitaka","last_name":"Ariga","first_name":"Akitaka"},{"last_name":"Stoffel","first_name":"Michael H.","full_name":"Stoffel, Michael H."},{"full_name":"Sharpe, James","first_name":"James","last_name":"Sharpe"},{"full_name":"Bähler, Martin","first_name":"Martin","last_name":"Bähler"},{"full_name":"Sixt, Michael K","orcid":"0000-0002-6620-9179","first_name":"Michael K","last_name":"Sixt","id":"41E9FBEA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Diz-Muñoz, Alba","first_name":"Alba","last_name":"Diz-Muñoz"},{"last_name":"Stein","first_name":"Jens V.","full_name":"Stein, Jens V."}],"page":"1869–1890","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by_nc_sa.png","short":"CC BY-NC-SA (4.0)"},"abstract":[{"text":"T cells are actively scanning pMHC-presenting cells in lymphoid organs and nonlymphoid tissues (NLTs) with divergent topologies and confinement. How the T cell actomyosin cytoskeleton facilitates this task in distinct environments is incompletely understood. Here, we show that lack of Myosin IXb (Myo9b), a negative regulator of the small GTPase Rho, led to increased Rho-GTP levels and cell surface stiffness in primary T cells. Nonetheless, intravital imaging revealed robust motility of Myo9b−/− CD8+ T cells in lymphoid tissue and similar expansion and differentiation during immune responses. In contrast, accumulation of Myo9b−/− CD8+ T cells in NLTs was strongly impaired. Specifically, Myo9b was required for T cell crossing of basement membranes, such as those which are present between dermis and epidermis. As consequence, Myo9b−/− CD8+ T cells showed impaired control of skin infections. In sum, we show that Myo9b is critical for the CD8+ T cell adaptation from lymphoid to NLT surveillance and the establishment of protective tissue–resident T cell populations.","lang":"eng"}],"issue":"7","year":"2018","oa":1,"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0022-1007"],"eissn":["1540-9538"]},"isi":1,"article_processing_charge":"No","scopus_import":"1","ddc":["570"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"day":"06","publisher":"Rockefeller University Press","volume":2015,"status":"public","date_created":"2019-05-28T12:36:47Z","date_updated":"2023-09-19T14:52:08Z","title":"The Rho regulator Myosin IXb enables nonlymphoid tissue seeding of protective CD8+T cells","doi":"10.1084/jem.20170896","external_id":{"isi":["000440822900011"]},"intvolume":"      2015","publication":"The Journal of Experimental Medicine","file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:47:32Z","department":[{"_id":"MiSi"}],"citation":{"ieee":"F. Moalli <i>et al.</i>, “The Rho regulator Myosin IXb enables nonlymphoid tissue seeding of protective CD8+T cells,” <i>The Journal of Experimental Medicine</i>, vol. 2015, no. 7. Rockefeller University Press, pp. 1869–1890, 2018.","chicago":"Moalli, Federica, Xenia Ficht, Philipp Germann, Mykhailo Vladymyrov, Bettina Stolp, Ingrid de Vries, Ruth Lyck, et al. “The Rho Regulator Myosin IXb Enables Nonlymphoid Tissue Seeding of Protective CD8+T Cells.” <i>The Journal of Experimental Medicine</i>. Rockefeller University Press, 2018. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20170896\">https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20170896</a>.","ista":"Moalli F, Ficht X, Germann P, Vladymyrov M, Stolp B, de Vries I, Lyck R, Balmer J, Fiocchi A, Kreutzfeldt M, Merkler D, Iannacone M, Ariga A, Stoffel MH, Sharpe J, Bähler M, Sixt MK, Diz-Muñoz A, Stein JV. 2018. The Rho regulator Myosin IXb enables nonlymphoid tissue seeding of protective CD8+T cells. The Journal of Experimental Medicine. 2015(7), 1869–1890.","short":"F. Moalli, X. Ficht, P. Germann, M. Vladymyrov, B. Stolp, I. de Vries, R. Lyck, J. Balmer, A. Fiocchi, M. Kreutzfeldt, D. Merkler, M. Iannacone, A. Ariga, M.H. Stoffel, J. Sharpe, M. Bähler, M.K. Sixt, A. Diz-Muñoz, J.V. Stein, The Journal of Experimental Medicine 2015 (2018) 1869–1890.","apa":"Moalli, F., Ficht, X., Germann, P., Vladymyrov, M., Stolp, B., de Vries, I., … Stein, J. V. (2018). The Rho regulator Myosin IXb enables nonlymphoid tissue seeding of protective CD8+T cells. <i>The Journal of Experimental Medicine</i>. Rockefeller University Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20170896\">https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20170896</a>","mla":"Moalli, Federica, et al. “The Rho Regulator Myosin IXb Enables Nonlymphoid Tissue Seeding of Protective CD8+T Cells.” <i>The Journal of Experimental Medicine</i>, vol. 2015, no. 7, Rockefeller University Press, 2018, pp. 1869–1890, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20170896\">10.1084/jem.20170896</a>.","ama":"Moalli F, Ficht X, Germann P, et al. The Rho regulator Myosin IXb enables nonlymphoid tissue seeding of protective CD8+T cells. <i>The Journal of Experimental Medicine</i>. 2018;2015(7):1869–1890. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20170896\">10.1084/jem.20170896</a>"},"file":[{"content_type":"application/pdf","access_level":"open_access","creator":"kschuh","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:47:32Z","checksum":"86ae5331f9bfced9a6358a790a04bef4","date_created":"2019-05-28T12:40:05Z","relation":"main_file","file_name":"2018_rupress_Moalli.pdf","file_size":3841660,"file_id":"6498"}]},{"citation":{"ieee":"D. Frommhold <i>et al.</i>, “Sialyltransferase ST3Gal-IV controls CXCR2-mediated firm leukocyte arrest during inflammation,” <i>The Journal of Experimental Medicine</i>, vol. 205, no. 6. Rockefeller University Press, pp. 1435–1446, 2008.","ista":"Frommhold D, Ludwig A, Bixel MG, Zarbock A, Babushkina I, Weissinger M, Cauwenberghs S, Ellies L, Marth J, Beck Sickinger A, Sixt MK, Lange Sperandio B, Zernecke A, Brandt E, Weber C, Vestweber D, Ley K, Sperandio M. 2008. Sialyltransferase ST3Gal-IV controls CXCR2-mediated firm leukocyte arrest during inflammation. The Journal of Experimental Medicine. 205(6), 1435–1446.","short":"D. Frommhold, A. Ludwig, M.G. Bixel, A. Zarbock, I. Babushkina, M. Weissinger, S. Cauwenberghs, L. Ellies, J. Marth, A. Beck Sickinger, M.K. Sixt, B. Lange Sperandio, A. Zernecke, E. Brandt, C. Weber, D. Vestweber, K. Ley, M. Sperandio, The Journal of Experimental Medicine 205 (2008) 1435–1446.","chicago":"Frommhold, David, Andreas Ludwig, M Gabriele Bixel, Alexander Zarbock, Inna Babushkina, Melitta Weissinger, Sandra Cauwenberghs, et al. “Sialyltransferase ST3Gal-IV Controls CXCR2-Mediated Firm Leukocyte Arrest during Inflammation.” <i>The Journal of Experimental Medicine</i>. Rockefeller University Press, 2008. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20070846\">https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20070846</a>.","mla":"Frommhold, David, et al. “Sialyltransferase ST3Gal-IV Controls CXCR2-Mediated Firm Leukocyte Arrest during Inflammation.” <i>The Journal of Experimental Medicine</i>, vol. 205, no. 6, Rockefeller University Press, 2008, pp. 1435–46, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20070846\">10.1084/jem.20070846</a>.","ama":"Frommhold D, Ludwig A, Bixel MG, et al. Sialyltransferase ST3Gal-IV controls CXCR2-mediated firm leukocyte arrest during inflammation. <i>The Journal of Experimental Medicine</i>. 2008;205(6):1435-1446. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20070846\">10.1084/jem.20070846</a>","apa":"Frommhold, D., Ludwig, A., Bixel, M. G., Zarbock, A., Babushkina, I., Weissinger, M., … Sperandio, M. (2008). Sialyltransferase ST3Gal-IV controls CXCR2-mediated firm leukocyte arrest during inflammation. <i>The Journal of Experimental Medicine</i>. Rockefeller University Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20070846\">https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20070846</a>"},"doi":"10.1084/jem.20070846","title":"Sialyltransferase ST3Gal-IV controls CXCR2-mediated firm leukocyte arrest during inflammation","date_updated":"2026-05-29T09:23:50Z","intvolume":"       205","external_id":{"pmid":["18519646"]},"publication":"The Journal of Experimental Medicine","publisher":"Rockefeller University Press","extern":"1","volume":205,"OA_type":"closed access","status":"public","date_created":"2018-12-11T12:06:01Z","pmid":1,"article_type":"original","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"day":"02","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1540-9538"],"issn":["0022-1007"]},"article_processing_charge":"No","author":[{"full_name":"Frommhold, David","first_name":"David","last_name":"Frommhold"},{"first_name":"Andreas","last_name":"Ludwig","full_name":"Ludwig, Andreas"},{"last_name":"Bixel","first_name":"M Gabriele","full_name":"Bixel, M Gabriele"},{"first_name":"Alexander","last_name":"Zarbock","full_name":"Zarbock, Alexander"},{"first_name":"Inna","last_name":"Babushkina","full_name":"Babushkina, Inna"},{"full_name":"Weissinger, Melitta","last_name":"Weissinger","first_name":"Melitta"},{"first_name":"Sandra","last_name":"Cauwenberghs","full_name":"Cauwenberghs, Sandra"},{"full_name":"Ellies, Lesley","first_name":"Lesley","last_name":"Ellies"},{"full_name":"Marth, Jamey","last_name":"Marth","first_name":"Jamey"},{"last_name":"Beck Sickinger","first_name":"Annette","full_name":"Beck Sickinger, Annette"},{"id":"41E9FBEA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Michael K","last_name":"Sixt","full_name":"Sixt, Michael K","orcid":"0000-0002-6620-9179"},{"full_name":"Lange Sperandio, Bärbel","last_name":"Lange Sperandio","first_name":"Bärbel"},{"full_name":"Zernecke, Alma","last_name":"Zernecke","first_name":"Alma"},{"full_name":"Brandt, Ernst","first_name":"Ernst","last_name":"Brandt"},{"last_name":"Weber","first_name":"Christian","full_name":"Weber, Christian"},{"last_name":"Vestweber","first_name":"Dietmar","full_name":"Vestweber, Dietmar"},{"last_name":"Ley","first_name":"Klaus","full_name":"Ley, Klaus"},{"last_name":"Sperandio","first_name":"Markus","full_name":"Sperandio, Markus"}],"page":"1435 - 1446","issue":"6","abstract":[{"text":"Recent in vitro studies have suggested a role for sialylation in chemokine receptor binding to its ligand (Bannert, N., S. Craig, M. Farzan, D. Sogah, N.V. Santo, H. Choe, and J. Sodroski. 2001. J. Exp. Med. 194:1661-1673). This prompted us to investigate chemokine-induced leukocyte adhesion in inflamed cremaster muscle venules of alpha2,3 sialyltransferase (ST3Gal-IV)-deficient mice. We found a marked reduction in leukocyte adhesion to inflamed microvessels upon injection of the CXCR2 ligands CXCL1 (keratinocyte-derived chemokine) or CXCL8 (interleukin 8). In addition, extravasation of ST3Gal-IV(-/-) neutrophils into thioglycollate-pretreated peritoneal cavities was significantly decreased. In vitro assays revealed that CXCL8 binding to isolated ST3Gal-IV(-/-) neutrophils was markedly impaired. Furthermore, CXCL1-mediated adhesion of ST3Gal-IV(-/-) leukocytes at physiological flow conditions, as well as transendothelial migration of ST3Gal-IV(-/-) leukocytes in response to CXCL1, was significantly reduced. In human neutrophils, enzymatic desialylation decreased binding of CXCR2 ligands to the neutrophil surface and diminished neutrophil degranulation in response to these chemokines. In addition, binding of alpha2,3-linked sialic acid-specific Maackia amurensis lectin II to purified CXCR2 from neuraminidase-treated CXCR2-transfected HEK293 cells was markedly impaired. Collectively, we provide substantial evidence that sialylation by ST3Gal-IV significantly contributes to CXCR2-mediated leukocyte adhesion during inflammation in vivo.","lang":"eng"}],"publist_id":"2185","year":"2008","type":"journal_article","oa_version":"None","month":"06","publication_status":"published","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","_id":"3942","date_published":"2008-06-02T00:00:00Z"}]