---
OA_type: closed access
_id: '3939'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The priming of a T cell results from its physical interaction with a dendritic
    cell (DC) that presents the cognate antigenic peptide. The success rate of such
    interactions is extremely low, because the precursor frequency of a naive T cell
    recognizing a specific antigen is in the range of 1:10(5)-10(6). To make this
    principle practicable, encounter frequencies between DCs and T cells are maximized
    within lymph nodes (LNs) that are compact immunological projections of the peripheral
    tissue they drain. But LNs are more than passive meeting places for DCs that immigrated
    from the tissue and lymphocytes that recirculated via the blood. The microanatomy
    of the LN stroma actively organizes the cellular encounters by providing preformed
    migration tracks that create dynamic but highly ordered movement patterns. LN
    architecture further acts as a sophisticated filtration system that sieves the
    incoming interstitial fluid at different levels and guarantees that immunologically
    relevant antigens are loaded on DCs or B cells while inert substances are channeled
    back into the blood circulation. This review focuses on the non-hematopoietic
    infrastructure of the lymph node. We describe the association between fibroblastic
    reticular cell, conduit, DC, and T cell as the essential functional unit of the
    T-cell cortex.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Tim
  full_name: Lämmermann, Tim
  last_name: Lämmermann
- first_name: Michael K
  full_name: Sixt, Michael K
  id: 41E9FBEA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Sixt
  orcid: 0000-0002-6620-9179
citation:
  ama: Lämmermann T, Sixt MK. The microanatomy of T-cell responses. <i>Immunological
    Reviews</i>. 2008;221(1):26-43. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-065X.2008.00592.x">10.1111/j.1600-065X.2008.00592.x</a>
  apa: Lämmermann, T., &#38; Sixt, M. K. (2008). The microanatomy of T-cell responses.
    <i>Immunological Reviews</i>. Wiley-Blackwell. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-065X.2008.00592.x">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-065X.2008.00592.x</a>
  chicago: Lämmermann, Tim, and Michael K Sixt. “The Microanatomy of T-Cell Responses.”
    <i>Immunological Reviews</i>. Wiley-Blackwell, 2008. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-065X.2008.00592.x">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-065X.2008.00592.x</a>.
  ieee: T. Lämmermann and M. K. Sixt, “The microanatomy of T-cell responses,” <i>Immunological
    Reviews</i>, vol. 221, no. 1. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 26–43, 2008.
  ista: Lämmermann T, Sixt MK. 2008. The microanatomy of T-cell responses. Immunological
    Reviews. 221(1), 26–43.
  mla: Lämmermann, Tim, and Michael K. Sixt. “The Microanatomy of T-Cell Responses.”
    <i>Immunological Reviews</i>, vol. 221, no. 1, Wiley-Blackwell, 2008, pp. 26–43,
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-065X.2008.00592.x">10.1111/j.1600-065X.2008.00592.x</a>.
  short: T. Lämmermann, M.K. Sixt, Immunological Reviews 221 (2008) 26–43.
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:06:00Z
date_published: 2008-02-07T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-05-29T09:27:21Z
day: '07'
doi: 10.1111/j.1600-065X.2008.00592.x
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '18275473'
intvolume: '       221'
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '02'
oa_version: None
page: 26 - 43
pmid: 1
publication: Immunological Reviews
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1600-065X
  issn:
  - 0105-2896
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
publist_id: '2187'
status: public
title: The microanatomy of T-cell responses
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 221
year: '2008'
...