[{"day":"01","isi":1,"date_updated":"2025-09-30T12:43:11Z","type":"journal_article","author":[{"first_name":"M.","last_name":"Bernat","full_name":"Bernat, M."},{"first_name":"E. S.","full_name":"Miles, E. S.","last_name":"Miles"},{"first_name":"M.","last_name":"Kneib","full_name":"Kneib, M."},{"last_name":"Fujita","full_name":"Fujita, K.","first_name":"K."},{"full_name":"Sasaki, O.","last_name":"Sasaki","first_name":"O."},{"orcid":"0000-0001-7640-6152","first_name":"Thomas","id":"3caa3f91-1f03-11ee-96ce-e0e553054d6e","full_name":"Shaw, Thomas","last_name":"Shaw"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-5554-8087","first_name":"Francesca","id":"b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70","last_name":"Pellicciotti","full_name":"Pellicciotti, Francesca"}],"publisher":"IOP Publishing","issue":"6","file":[{"content_type":"application/pdf","file_size":3604497,"creator":"dernst","date_updated":"2025-06-03T08:10:45Z","file_name":"2025_EnvironmResearchLetters_Bernat.pdf","file_id":"19781","access_level":"open_access","relation":"main_file","checksum":"84a8d895762f0ab4b30b34e7387b33c7","date_created":"2025-06-03T08:10:45Z","success":1}],"publication":"Environmental Research Letters","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Snow cover is of key importance for water resources in high mountain Asia (HMA) and is expected to undergo extensive changes in a warming climate. Past studies have quantified snow cover changes with satellite products of relatively low spatial resolution (∼500 m) which are hindered by the steep topography of this mountain region. We derive snowlines from Sentinel-2 and Landsat 5, 7 and 8 images, which, thanks to their higher spatial resolution, are less sensitive to the local topography. We calculate the snow line altitude (SLA) and its seasonality for all glacierized catchments of HMA and link these patterns to climate variables corrected for topographic biases. As such, the snowline changes provide a clear proxy for climatic changes. Our results highlight a strong spatial variability in mean SLA and in its seasonal changes, including across mountain chains and between the monsoon-dominated and the westerlies-dominated catchments. Over the period 1999–2019, the western regions of HMA (Pamir, Karakoram, Western Himalaya) have undergone increased snow coverage, expressed as seasonal SLA decrease, in spring and summer. This change is opposed to a widespread increase in SLA in autumn across the region, and especially the southeastern regions of HMA (Nyainqentanglha, Hengduan Shan, South–East Himalaya). Our results indicate that the diversity of seasonal snow dynamics across the region is controlled not by temperature or precipitation directly but by the timing and partitioning of solid precipitation. Decadal snowline changes (1999–2009 vs 2009–2019) seasonally precede temperature changes, suggesting that seasonal temperature changes in the Karakoram–Pamir and Eastern Nyainqentanglha regions may have responded to snow cover changes, rather than driving them."}],"status":"public","oa_version":"Published Version","volume":20,"article_processing_charge":"Yes","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/adcf39","date_published":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","OA_type":"gold","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"file_date_updated":"2025-06-03T08:10:45Z","article_number":"064039","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1748-9326"]},"OA_place":"publisher","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","_id":"19777","title":"Precipitation phase drives seasonal and decadal snowline changes in high mountain Asia","department":[{"_id":"FrPe"}],"quality_controlled":"1","date_created":"2025-06-03T07:30:21Z","citation":{"mla":"Bernat, M., et al. “Precipitation Phase Drives Seasonal and Decadal Snowline Changes in High Mountain Asia.” <i>Environmental Research Letters</i>, vol. 20, no. 6, 064039, IOP Publishing, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/adcf39\">10.1088/1748-9326/adcf39</a>.","chicago":"Bernat, M., E. S. Miles, M. Kneib, K. Fujita, O. Sasaki, Thomas Shaw, and Francesca Pellicciotti. “Precipitation Phase Drives Seasonal and Decadal Snowline Changes in High Mountain Asia.” <i>Environmental Research Letters</i>. IOP Publishing, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/adcf39\">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/adcf39</a>.","ieee":"M. Bernat <i>et al.</i>, “Precipitation phase drives seasonal and decadal snowline changes in high mountain Asia,” <i>Environmental Research Letters</i>, vol. 20, no. 6. IOP Publishing, 2025.","apa":"Bernat, M., Miles, E. S., Kneib, M., Fujita, K., Sasaki, O., Shaw, T., &#38; Pellicciotti, F. (2025). Precipitation phase drives seasonal and decadal snowline changes in high mountain Asia. <i>Environmental Research Letters</i>. IOP Publishing. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/adcf39\">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/adcf39</a>","ama":"Bernat M, Miles ES, Kneib M, et al. Precipitation phase drives seasonal and decadal snowline changes in high mountain Asia. <i>Environmental Research Letters</i>. 2025;20(6). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/adcf39\">10.1088/1748-9326/adcf39</a>","ista":"Bernat M, Miles ES, Kneib M, Fujita K, Sasaki O, Shaw T, Pellicciotti F. 2025. Precipitation phase drives seasonal and decadal snowline changes in high mountain Asia. Environmental Research Letters. 20(6), 064039.","short":"M. Bernat, E.S. Miles, M. Kneib, K. Fujita, O. Sasaki, T. Shaw, F. Pellicciotti, Environmental Research Letters 20 (2025)."},"has_accepted_license":"1","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","article_type":"original","scopus_import":"1","oa":1,"publication_status":"published","acknowledgement":"This work was supported by the SNSF (Science and Swiss National Science Foundation)-SSSTC (Sino-Swiss Science and Technology Cooperation) Project (IZLCZ0_189890) 'Understanding snow, glacier and rivers response to climate in High Mountain Asia (ASCENT)', by the JSPS (Japan Society for the Promotion)-SNSF Bilateral Programmes project (HOPE, High-elevation precipitation in High Mountain Asia; Grant 183633), and the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (RAVEN, Rapid mass losses of debris-covered glaciers in High Mountain Asia; Grant 772751). Marin Kneib acknowledges funding from the SNSF Postdoc.Mobility program (Grant No. P500PN_210739).","ddc":["550"],"DOAJ_listed":"1","month":"06","related_material":{"record":[{"id":"19780","status":"public","relation":"research_data"}]},"intvolume":"        20","external_id":{"isi":["001493525600001"]},"year":"2025"},{"month":"04","DOAJ_listed":"1","publication_status":"published","scopus_import":"1","article_type":"letter_note","oa":1,"year":"2024","das_tickbox":"1","intvolume":"        19","keyword":["Glacio-hydrology","High mountain Asia","High mountain hydrology","Ecohydrology","Landsurface modelling","Remote sensing hydrology"],"_id":"22513","user_id":"ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd","OA_place":"publisher","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1748-9326"]},"article_number":"044057","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"citation":{"mla":"Fugger, S., et al. “Hydrological Regimes and Evaporative Flux Partitioning at the Climatic Ends of High Mountain Asia.” <i>Environmental Research Letters</i>, vol. 19, no. 4, 044057, IOP Publishing, 2024, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad25a0\">10.1088/1748-9326/ad25a0</a>.","ieee":"S. Fugger <i>et al.</i>, “Hydrological regimes and evaporative flux partitioning at the climatic ends of high mountain Asia,” <i>Environmental Research Letters</i>, vol. 19, no. 4. IOP Publishing, 2024.","chicago":"Fugger, S, T E Shaw, A Jouberton, E S Miles, P Buri, M McCarthy, C Fyffe, et al. “Hydrological Regimes and Evaporative Flux Partitioning at the Climatic Ends of High Mountain Asia.” <i>Environmental Research Letters</i>. IOP Publishing, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad25a0\">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad25a0</a>.","apa":"Fugger, S., Shaw, T. E., Jouberton, A., Miles, E. S., Buri, P., McCarthy, M., … Pellicciotti, F. (2024). Hydrological regimes and evaporative flux partitioning at the climatic ends of high mountain Asia. <i>Environmental Research Letters</i>. IOP Publishing. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad25a0\">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad25a0</a>","ama":"Fugger S, Shaw TE, Jouberton A, et al. Hydrological regimes and evaporative flux partitioning at the climatic ends of high mountain Asia. <i>Environmental Research Letters</i>. 2024;19(4). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad25a0\">10.1088/1748-9326/ad25a0</a>","short":"S. Fugger, T.E. Shaw, A. Jouberton, E.S. Miles, P. Buri, M. McCarthy, C. Fyffe, S. Fatichi, M. Kneib, P. Molnar, F. Pellicciotti, Environmental Research Letters 19 (2024).","ista":"Fugger S, Shaw TE, Jouberton A, Miles ES, Buri P, McCarthy M, Fyffe C, Fatichi S, Kneib M, Molnar P, Pellicciotti F. 2024. Hydrological regimes and evaporative flux partitioning at the climatic ends of high mountain Asia. Environmental Research Letters. 19(4), 044057."},"extern":"1","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad25a0","open_access":"1"}],"date_created":"2026-07-27T12:30:24Z","quality_controlled":"1","title":"Hydrological regimes and evaporative flux partitioning at the climatic ends of high mountain Asia","oa_version":"Published Version","status":"public","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"High elevation headwater catchments are complex hydrological systems that seasonally buffer water and release it in the form of snow and ice melt, modulating downstream runoff regimes and water availability. In High Mountain Asia (HMA), where a wide range of climates from semi-arid to monsoonal exist, the importance of the cryospheric contributions to the water budget varies with the amount and seasonal distribution of precipitation. Losses due to evapotranspiration and sublimation are to date largely unquantified components of the water budget in such catchments, although they can be comparable in magnitude to glacier melt contributions to streamflow. Here, we simulate the hydrology of three high elevation headwater catchments in distinct climates in HMA over 10 years using an ecohydrological model geared towards high-mountain areas including snow and glaciers, forced with reanalysis data. Our results show that evapotranspiration and sublimation together are most important at the semi-arid site, Kyzylsu, on the northernmost slopes of the Pamir mountain range. Here, the evaporative loss amounts to 28% of the water throughput, which we define as the total water added to, or removed from the water balance within a year. In comparison, evaporative losses are 19% at the Central Himalayan site Langtang and 13% at the wettest site, 24 K, on the Southeastern Tibetan Plateau. At the three sites, respectively, sublimation removes 15%, 13% and 6% of snowfall, while evapotranspiration removes the equivalent of 76%, 28% and 19% of rainfall. In absolute terms, and across a comparable elevation range, the highest ET flux is 413 mm yr−1 at 24 K, while the highest sublimation flux is 91 mm yr−1 at Kyzylsu. During warm and dry years, glacier melt was found to only partially compensate for the annual supply deficit."}],"publication":"Environmental Research Letters","issue":"4","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"OA_type":"gold","date_published":"2024-04-09T00:00:00Z","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/ad25a0","article_processing_charge":"No","volume":19,"date_updated":"2026-08-07T11:03:46Z","day":"09","author":[{"full_name":"Fugger, S","last_name":"Fugger","first_name":"S"},{"full_name":"Shaw, T E","last_name":"Shaw","first_name":"T E"},{"full_name":"Jouberton, A","last_name":"Jouberton","first_name":"A"},{"last_name":"Miles","full_name":"Miles, E S","first_name":"E S"},{"first_name":"P","full_name":"Buri, P","last_name":"Buri"},{"first_name":"M","last_name":"McCarthy","full_name":"McCarthy, M"},{"full_name":"Fyffe, C","last_name":"Fyffe","first_name":"C"},{"id":"cf8e546b-a9b0-11f0-a43b-aa89ed1b56d6","first_name":"Simone","full_name":"Fatichi, Simone","last_name":"Fatichi"},{"last_name":"Kneib","full_name":"Kneib, M","first_name":"M"},{"full_name":"Molnar, Peter","last_name":"Molnar","first_name":"Peter"},{"last_name":"Pellicciotti","full_name":"Pellicciotti, F","first_name":"F"}],"publisher":"IOP Publishing","type":"journal_article"},{"oa_version":"Published Version","issue":"1","publication":"Environmental Research Letters","abstract":[{"text":"The capacity of vegetation to mitigate excessive urban heat has been well documented. However, the cooling potential provided by urban vegetation during heatwaves is less known even though heatwaves have been projected to be more severe with climate change. Across 24 global metropolises, we combine 30 m resolution satellite observations with a theoretical leaf energy balance model to quantify the change of the leaf-to-air temperature difference and stomatal conductance during heatwaves from 2000 to 2020. We found the responses of urban vegetation to heatwaves differ significantly across cities and they are mediated by climate forcing and human management. During heatwaves, vegetation in Mediterranean and midlatitude-humid cities shows a significant decrease in cooling potential in most cases due to large stomatal closures, while vegetation in arid cities shows a cooling enhancement with an unmodified stomatal opening likely in response to intense irrigation. In comparison, the cooling potential of vegetation in high-latitude humid cities does not show significant changes. These responses have implications for future urban vegetation management strategies and urban planning.","lang":"eng"}],"status":"public","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"OA_type":"gold","date_published":"2023-01-12T00:00:00Z","volume":18,"doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/acaf0f","article_processing_charge":"No","date_updated":"2026-08-06T11:33:12Z","day":"12","author":[{"last_name":"Zhao","full_name":"Zhao, Jiacheng","first_name":"Jiacheng"},{"last_name":"Meili","full_name":"Meili, Naika","first_name":"Naika"},{"first_name":"Xiang","full_name":"Zhao, Xiang","last_name":"Zhao"},{"full_name":"Fatichi, Simone","last_name":"Fatichi","id":"cf8e546b-a9b0-11f0-a43b-aa89ed1b56d6","first_name":"Simone"}],"publisher":"IOP Publishing","type":"journal_article","DOAJ_listed":"1","month":"01","scopus_import":"1","article_type":"letter_note","oa":1,"publication_status":"published","year":"2023","keyword":["Urban vegetation","Heatwave","Cooling potential","Stomatal behavior"],"intvolume":"        18","das_tickbox":"1","user_id":"ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd","_id":"22517","article_number":"014035","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1748-9326"]},"OA_place":"publisher","citation":{"short":"J. Zhao, N. Meili, X. Zhao, S. Fatichi, Environmental Research Letters 18 (2023).","ista":"Zhao J, Meili N, Zhao X, Fatichi S. 2023. Urban vegetation cooling potential during heatwaves depends on background climate. Environmental Research Letters. 18(1), 014035.","apa":"Zhao, J., Meili, N., Zhao, X., &#38; Fatichi, S. (2023). Urban vegetation cooling potential during heatwaves depends on background climate. <i>Environmental Research Letters</i>. IOP Publishing. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/acaf0f\">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/acaf0f</a>","ama":"Zhao J, Meili N, Zhao X, Fatichi S. Urban vegetation cooling potential during heatwaves depends on background climate. <i>Environmental Research Letters</i>. 2023;18(1). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/acaf0f\">10.1088/1748-9326/acaf0f</a>","ieee":"J. Zhao, N. Meili, X. Zhao, and S. Fatichi, “Urban vegetation cooling potential during heatwaves depends on background climate,” <i>Environmental Research Letters</i>, vol. 18, no. 1. IOP Publishing, 2023.","chicago":"Zhao, Jiacheng, Naika Meili, Xiang Zhao, and Simone Fatichi. “Urban Vegetation Cooling Potential during Heatwaves Depends on Background Climate.” <i>Environmental Research Letters</i>. IOP Publishing, 2023. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/acaf0f\">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/acaf0f</a>.","mla":"Zhao, Jiacheng, et al. “Urban Vegetation Cooling Potential during Heatwaves Depends on Background Climate.” <i>Environmental Research Letters</i>, vol. 18, no. 1, 014035, IOP Publishing, 2023, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/acaf0f\">10.1088/1748-9326/acaf0f</a>."},"tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"title":"Urban vegetation cooling potential during heatwaves depends on background climate","quality_controlled":"1","date_created":"2026-07-27T12:30:24Z","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/0.1088/1748-9326/acaf0f","open_access":"1"}],"extern":"1"},{"issue":"10","publication":"Environmental Research Letters","abstract":[{"text":"Glacier health across High Mountain Asia (HMA) is highly heterogeneous and strongly governed by regional climate, which is variably influenced by monsoon dynamics and the westerlies. We explore four decades of glacier energy and mass balance at three climatically distinct sites across HMA by utilising a detailed land surface model driven by bias-corrected Weather Research and Forecasting meteorological forcing. All three glaciers have experienced long-term mass losses (ranging from −0.04 ± 0.09 to −0.59 ± 0.20 m w.e. a−1) consistent with widespread warming across the region. However, complex and contrasting responses of glacier energy and mass balance to the patterns of the Indian Summer Monsoon were evident, largely driven by the role snowfall timing, amount and phase. A later monsoon onset generates less total snowfall to the glacier in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau during May–June, augmenting net shortwave radiation and affecting annual mass balance (−0.5 m w.e. on average compared to early onset years). Conversely, timing of the monsoon’s arrival has limited impact for the Nepalese Himalaya which is more strongly governed by the temperature and snowfall amount during the core monsoon season. In the arid central Tibetan Plateau, a later monsoon arrival results in a 40 mm (58%) increase of May–June snowfall on average compared to early onset years, likely driven by the greater interaction of westerly storm events. Meanwhile, a late monsoon cessation at this site sees an average 200 mm (192%) increase in late summer precipitation due to monsoonal storms. A trend towards weaker intensity monsoon conditions in recent decades, combined with long-term warming patterns, has produced predominantly negative glacier mass balances for all sites (up to 1 m w.e. more mass loss in the Nepalese Himalaya compared to strong monsoon intensity years) but sub-regional variability in monsoon timing can additionally complicate this response.","lang":"eng"}],"status":"public","oa_version":"Published Version","volume":17,"article_processing_charge":"No","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/ac9008","date_published":"2022-09-16T00:00:00Z","OA_type":"gold","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"day":"16","date_updated":"2026-08-06T11:38:33Z","type":"journal_article","author":[{"last_name":"Shaw","full_name":"Shaw, T E","first_name":"T E"},{"first_name":"E S","last_name":"Miles","full_name":"Miles, E S"},{"first_name":"D","last_name":"Chen","full_name":"Chen, D"},{"first_name":"A","full_name":"Jouberton, A","last_name":"Jouberton"},{"full_name":"Kneib, M","last_name":"Kneib","first_name":"M"},{"full_name":"Fugger, S","last_name":"Fugger","first_name":"S"},{"first_name":"T","last_name":"Ou","full_name":"Ou, T"},{"full_name":"Lai, H-W","last_name":"Lai","first_name":"H-W"},{"first_name":"K","full_name":"Fujita, K","last_name":"Fujita"},{"first_name":"W","last_name":"Yang","full_name":"Yang, W"},{"id":"cf8e546b-a9b0-11f0-a43b-aa89ed1b56d6","first_name":"Simone","last_name":"Fatichi","full_name":"Fatichi, Simone"},{"full_name":"Pellicciotti, F","last_name":"Pellicciotti","first_name":"F"}],"publisher":"IOP Publishing","oa":1,"article_type":"letter_note","scopus_import":"1","publication_status":"published","DOAJ_listed":"1","month":"09","keyword":["Glacier","Long-term mass balance","Monsoon","Snowfall"],"intvolume":"        17","das_tickbox":"1","year":"2022","article_number":"104001","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1748-9326"]},"OA_place":"publisher","user_id":"ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd","_id":"22519","title":"Multi-decadal monsoon characteristics and glacier response in High Mountain Asia","quality_controlled":"1","date_created":"2026-07-27T12:30:24Z","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac9008"}],"extern":"1","citation":{"ieee":"T. E. Shaw <i>et al.</i>, “Multi-decadal monsoon characteristics and glacier response in High Mountain Asia,” <i>Environmental Research Letters</i>, vol. 17, no. 10. IOP Publishing, 2022.","chicago":"Shaw, T E, E S Miles, D Chen, A Jouberton, M Kneib, S Fugger, T Ou, et al. “Multi-Decadal Monsoon Characteristics and Glacier Response in High Mountain Asia.” <i>Environmental Research Letters</i>. IOP Publishing, 2022. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac9008\">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac9008</a>.","mla":"Shaw, T. E., et al. “Multi-Decadal Monsoon Characteristics and Glacier Response in High Mountain Asia.” <i>Environmental Research Letters</i>, vol. 17, no. 10, 104001, IOP Publishing, 2022, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac9008\">10.1088/1748-9326/ac9008</a>.","short":"T.E. Shaw, E.S. Miles, D. Chen, A. Jouberton, M. Kneib, S. Fugger, T. Ou, H.-W. Lai, K. Fujita, W. Yang, S. Fatichi, F. Pellicciotti, Environmental Research Letters 17 (2022).","ista":"Shaw TE, Miles ES, Chen D, Jouberton A, Kneib M, Fugger S, Ou T, Lai H-W, Fujita K, Yang W, Fatichi S, Pellicciotti F. 2022. Multi-decadal monsoon characteristics and glacier response in High Mountain Asia. Environmental Research Letters. 17(10), 104001.","apa":"Shaw, T. E., Miles, E. S., Chen, D., Jouberton, A., Kneib, M., Fugger, S., … Pellicciotti, F. (2022). Multi-decadal monsoon characteristics and glacier response in High Mountain Asia. <i>Environmental Research Letters</i>. IOP Publishing. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac9008\">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac9008</a>","ama":"Shaw TE, Miles ES, Chen D, et al. Multi-decadal monsoon characteristics and glacier response in High Mountain Asia. <i>Environmental Research Letters</i>. 2022;17(10). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac9008\">10.1088/1748-9326/ac9008</a>"},"tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","short":"CC BY (4.0)"}},{"DOAJ_listed":"1","month":"05","oa":1,"article_type":"letter_note","scopus_import":"1","publication_status":"published","year":"2022","keyword":["Urban dry island","Urban moisture island","Urban heat island","Urban climate","Urbanization effects","Humidity"],"das_tickbox":"1","intvolume":"        17","user_id":"ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd","_id":"22537","article_number":"054044","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1748-9326"]},"OA_place":"publisher","citation":{"ieee":"N. Meili, A. Paschalis, G. Manoli, and S. Fatichi, “Diurnal and seasonal patterns of global urban dry islands,” <i>Environmental Research Letters</i>, vol. 17, no. 5. IOP Publishing, 2022.","chicago":"Meili, Naika, Athanasios Paschalis, Gabriele Manoli, and Simone Fatichi. “Diurnal and Seasonal Patterns of Global Urban Dry Islands.” <i>Environmental Research Letters</i>. IOP Publishing, 2022. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac68f8\">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac68f8</a>.","mla":"Meili, Naika, et al. “Diurnal and Seasonal Patterns of Global Urban Dry Islands.” <i>Environmental Research Letters</i>, vol. 17, no. 5, 054044, IOP Publishing, 2022, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac68f8\">10.1088/1748-9326/ac68f8</a>.","short":"N. Meili, A. Paschalis, G. Manoli, S. Fatichi, Environmental Research Letters 17 (2022).","ista":"Meili N, Paschalis A, Manoli G, Fatichi S. 2022. Diurnal and seasonal patterns of global urban dry islands. Environmental Research Letters. 17(5), 054044.","apa":"Meili, N., Paschalis, A., Manoli, G., &#38; Fatichi, S. (2022). Diurnal and seasonal patterns of global urban dry islands. <i>Environmental Research Letters</i>. IOP Publishing. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac68f8\">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac68f8</a>","ama":"Meili N, Paschalis A, Manoli G, Fatichi S. Diurnal and seasonal patterns of global urban dry islands. <i>Environmental Research Letters</i>. 2022;17(5). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac68f8\">10.1088/1748-9326/ac68f8</a>"},"tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"quality_controlled":"1","title":"Diurnal and seasonal patterns of global urban dry islands","extern":"1","date_created":"2026-07-27T12:30:24Z","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac68f8","open_access":"1"}],"oa_version":"Published Version","publication":"Environmental Research Letters","issue":"5","status":"public","abstract":[{"text":"Urban heat islands (UHIs) are a widely studied phenomenon, while research on urban-rural differences in humidity, the so called urban dry or moisture islands (UDIs, UMIs), is less common and a large-scale quantification of the seasonal and diurnal patterns of the UDI is still lacking. However, quantification of the UDI/UMI effect is essential to understand the impacts of humidity on outdoor thermal comfort, building energy consumption, and urban ecology in cities worldwide. Here, we use a set of globally distributed air temperature and humidity measurements (1089 stations) to quantify diurnal and seasonal patterns of UHI and UDI resulting from rapid urbanization over many regions of the world. The terms ‘absolute UDI’ and ‘relative UDI’ are defined, which quantify urban–rural differences in actual and relative humidity metrics, respectively.\r\n\r\nResults show that absolute UDI is largest during daytime with the peak humidity decrease in urban areas occurring during late afternoon hours. In contrast, relative UDI is largest during night and the peak urban relative humidity (RH) decrease and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) increase occurs in the late evening hours with values of around −10% to −11% for RH and 2.9–3.6 hPa for VPD between 20–00 local time during summer. Relative and absolute UDIs are largest during the warm season, except for daytime RH UDI, which does not show any seasonal pattern. In agreement with literature, canopy air UHI is shown to be a nighttime phenomenon, which is larger during summer than winter. Relative UDI is predominantly caused by changes in actual humidity during day and UHI during nighttime.","lang":"eng"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_published":"2022-05-09T00:00:00Z","OA_type":"gold","volume":17,"article_processing_charge":"No","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/ac68f8","date_updated":"2026-08-06T11:57:54Z","day":"09","author":[{"first_name":"Naika","full_name":"Meili, Naika","last_name":"Meili"},{"first_name":"Athanasios","last_name":"Paschalis","full_name":"Paschalis, Athanasios"},{"full_name":"Manoli, Gabriele","last_name":"Manoli","first_name":"Gabriele"},{"last_name":"Fatichi","full_name":"Fatichi, Simone","first_name":"Simone","id":"cf8e546b-a9b0-11f0-a43b-aa89ed1b56d6"}],"publisher":"IOP Publishing","type":"journal_article"},{"title":"Ecohydrological changes after tropical forest conversion to oil palm","quality_controlled":"1","date_created":"2026-07-27T12:30:24Z","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aac54e"}],"extern":"1","citation":{"apa":"Manoli, G., Meijide, A., Huth, N., Knohl, A., Kosugi, Y., Burlando, P., … Fatichi, S. (2018). Ecohydrological changes after tropical forest conversion to oil palm. <i>Environmental Research Letters</i>. IOP Publishing. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aac54e\">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aac54e</a>","ama":"Manoli G, Meijide A, Huth N, et al. Ecohydrological changes after tropical forest conversion to oil palm. <i>Environmental Research Letters</i>. 2018;13(6). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aac54e\">10.1088/1748-9326/aac54e</a>","short":"G. Manoli, A. Meijide, N. Huth, A. Knohl, Y. Kosugi, P. Burlando, J. Ghazoul, S. Fatichi, Environmental Research Letters 13 (2018).","ista":"Manoli G, Meijide A, Huth N, Knohl A, Kosugi Y, Burlando P, Ghazoul J, Fatichi S. 2018. Ecohydrological changes after tropical forest conversion to oil palm. Environmental Research Letters. 13(6), 064035.","mla":"Manoli, Gabriele, et al. “Ecohydrological Changes after Tropical Forest Conversion to Oil Palm.” <i>Environmental Research Letters</i>, vol. 13, no. 6, 064035, IOP Publishing, 2018, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aac54e\">10.1088/1748-9326/aac54e</a>.","ieee":"G. Manoli <i>et al.</i>, “Ecohydrological changes after tropical forest conversion to oil palm,” <i>Environmental Research Letters</i>, vol. 13, no. 6. IOP Publishing, 2018.","chicago":"Manoli, Gabriele, Ana Meijide, Neil Huth, Alexander Knohl, Yoshiko Kosugi, Paolo Burlando, Jaboury Ghazoul, and Simone Fatichi. “Ecohydrological Changes after Tropical Forest Conversion to Oil Palm.” <i>Environmental Research Letters</i>. IOP Publishing, 2018. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aac54e\">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aac54e</a>."},"has_accepted_license":"1","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC BY 3.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (3.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"PlanS_conform":"1","article_number":"064035","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1748-9326"]},"OA_place":"publisher","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","_id":"22504","keyword":["Oil palm plantations","Tropical forests","Carbon/water fluxes","Biophysical modeling"],"intvolume":"        13","das_tickbox":"1","year":"2018","license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/","oa":1,"article_type":"letter_note","scopus_import":"1","publication_status":"published","ddc":["550"],"DOAJ_listed":"1","month":"06","type":"journal_article","author":[{"full_name":"Manoli, Gabriele","last_name":"Manoli","first_name":"Gabriele"},{"first_name":"Ana","last_name":"Meijide","full_name":"Meijide, Ana"},{"full_name":"Huth, Neil","last_name":"Huth","first_name":"Neil"},{"first_name":"Alexander","last_name":"Knohl","full_name":"Knohl, Alexander"},{"full_name":"Kosugi, Yoshiko","last_name":"Kosugi","first_name":"Yoshiko"},{"first_name":"Paolo","last_name":"Burlando","full_name":"Burlando, Paolo"},{"last_name":"Ghazoul","full_name":"Ghazoul, Jaboury","first_name":"Jaboury"},{"first_name":"Simone","id":"cf8e546b-a9b0-11f0-a43b-aa89ed1b56d6","last_name":"Fatichi","full_name":"Fatichi, Simone"}],"publisher":"IOP Publishing","day":"18","date_updated":"2026-08-06T07:35:29Z","volume":13,"article_processing_charge":"No","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/aac54e","OA_type":"gold","date_published":"2018-06-18T00:00:00Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"issue":"6","publication":"Environmental Research Letters","abstract":[{"text":"Given their ability to provide food, raw material and alleviate poverty, oil palm (OP) plantations are driving significant losses of biodiversity-rich tropical forests, fuelling a heated debate on ecosystem degradation and conservation. However, while OP-induced carbon emissions and biodiversity losses have received significant attention, OP water requirements have been marginalized and little is known on the ecohydrological changes (water and surface energy fluxes) occurring from forest clearing to plantation maturity. Numerical simulations supported by field observations from seven sites in Southeast Asia (five OP plantations and two tropical forests) are used here to illustrate the temporal evolution of OP actual evapotranspiration (ET), infiltration/runoff, gross primary productivity (GPP) and surface temperature as well as their changes relative to tropical forests. Model results from large-scale commercial plantations show that young OP plantations decrease ecosystem ET, causing hotter and drier climatic conditions, but mature plantations (age > 8−9 yr) have higher GPP and transpire more water (up to +7.7%) than the forests they have replaced. This is the result of physiological constraints on water use efficiency and the extremely high yield of OP (six to ten times higher than other oil crops). Hence, the land use efficiency of mature OP, i.e. the high productivity per unit of land area, comes at the expense of water consumption in a trade of water for carbon that may jeopardize local water resources. Sequential replanting and herbaceous ground cover can reduce the severity of such ecohydrological changes and support local water/climate regulation.","lang":"eng"}],"status":"public","oa_version":"Published Version"},{"date_updated":"2026-08-06T07:46:04Z","day":"05","publisher":"IOP Publishing ","author":[{"first_name":"Athanasios","full_name":"Paschalis, Athanasios","last_name":"Paschalis"},{"id":"cf8e546b-a9b0-11f0-a43b-aa89ed1b56d6","first_name":"Simone","last_name":"Fatichi","full_name":"Fatichi, Simone"},{"first_name":"Christoforos","last_name":"Pappas","full_name":"Pappas, Christoforos"},{"first_name":"Dani","full_name":"Or, Dani","last_name":"Or"}],"type":"journal_article","oa_version":"Published Version","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The reliable partitioning of the terrestrial latent heat flux into evaporation (E) and transpiration (T) is important for linking carbon and water cycles and for better understanding ecosystem functioning at local, regional and global scales. Previous research revealed that the transpiration-to-evapotranspiration ratio (T/ET) is well constrained across ecosystems and is nearly independent of vegetation characteristics and climate. Here we investigated the reasons for such a global constancy in present-day T/ET by jointly analysing observations and process-based model simulations. Using this framework, we also quantified how the ratio T/ET could be influenced by changing climate. For present conditions, we found that the various components of land surface evaporation (bare soil evaporation, below canopy soil evaporation, evaporation from interception), and their respective ratios to plant transpiration, depend largely on local climate and equilibrium vegetation properties. The systematic covariation between local vegetation characteristics and climate, resulted in a globally constrained value of T/ET = ∼70 ± 9% for undisturbed ecosystems, nearly independent of specific climate and vegetation attributes. Moreover, changes in precipitation amounts and patterns, increasing air temperatures, atmospheric CO2 concentration, and specific leaf area (the ratio of leaf area per leaf mass) was found to affect T/ET in various manners. However, even extreme changes in the aforementioned factors did not significantly modify T/ET."}],"status":"public","issue":"10","publication":"Environmental Research Letters","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"OA_type":"gold","date_published":"2018-10-05T00:00:00Z","article_processing_charge":"No","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/aae267","volume":13,"_id":"22540","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","OA_place":"publisher","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1748-9326"]},"article_number":"104012","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC BY 3.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (3.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"citation":{"mla":"Paschalis, Athanasios, et al. “Covariation of Vegetation and Climate Constrains Present and Future T/ET Variability.” <i>Environmental Research Letters</i>, vol. 13, no. 10, 104012, IOP Publishing , 2018, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aae267\">10.1088/1748-9326/aae267</a>.","chicago":"Paschalis, Athanasios, Simone Fatichi, Christoforos Pappas, and Dani Or. “Covariation of Vegetation and Climate Constrains Present and Future T/ET Variability.” <i>Environmental Research Letters</i>. IOP Publishing , 2018. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aae267\">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aae267</a>.","ieee":"A. Paschalis, S. Fatichi, C. Pappas, and D. Or, “Covariation of vegetation and climate constrains present and future T/ET variability,” <i>Environmental Research Letters</i>, vol. 13, no. 10. IOP Publishing , 2018.","ama":"Paschalis A, Fatichi S, Pappas C, Or D. Covariation of vegetation and climate constrains present and future T/ET variability. <i>Environmental Research Letters</i>. 2018;13(10). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aae267\">10.1088/1748-9326/aae267</a>","apa":"Paschalis, A., Fatichi, S., Pappas, C., &#38; Or, D. (2018). Covariation of vegetation and climate constrains present and future T/ET variability. <i>Environmental Research Letters</i>. IOP Publishing . <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aae267\">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aae267</a>","ista":"Paschalis A, Fatichi S, Pappas C, Or D. 2018. Covariation of vegetation and climate constrains present and future T/ET variability. Environmental Research Letters. 13(10), 104012.","short":"A. Paschalis, S. Fatichi, C. Pappas, D. Or, Environmental Research Letters 13 (2018)."},"has_accepted_license":"1","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aae267"}],"date_created":"2026-07-27T12:30:24Z","extern":"1","title":"Covariation of vegetation and climate constrains present and future T/ET variability","quality_controlled":"1","month":"10","DOAJ_listed":"1","ddc":["550"],"publication_status":"published","oa":1,"article_type":"letter_note","scopus_import":"1","year":"2018","intvolume":"        13","das_tickbox":"1","keyword":["T/ET","Evapotranspiration partitioning","Ecohydrology","Modelling","Climate change"]}]