---
APC_amount: 4800 EUR
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: hybrid
_id: '14659'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Understanding the response of Himalayan glaciers to global warming is vital
because of their role as a water source for the Asian subcontinent. However, great
uncertainties still exist on the climate drivers of past and present glacier changes
across scales. Here, we analyse continuous hourly climate station data from a
glacierized elevation (Pyramid station, Mount Everest) since 1994 together with
other ground observations and climate reanalysis. We show that a decrease in maximum
air temperature and precipitation occurred during the last three decades at Pyramid
in response to global warming. Reanalysis data suggest a broader occurrence of
this effect in the glacierized areas of the Himalaya. We hypothesize that the
counterintuitive cooling is caused by enhanced sensible heat exchange and the
associated increase in glacier katabatic wind, which draws cool air downward from
higher elevations. The stronger katabatic winds have also lowered the elevation
of local wind convergence, thereby diminishing precipitation in glacial areas
and negatively affecting glacier mass balance. This local cooling may have partially
preserved glaciers from melting and could help protect the periglacial environment.
acknowledgement: This work was carried out within the framework of the EV-K2-CNR and
Nepal Academy of Science and Technology. K.Y. was supported by the Second Tibetan
Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program (grant no. 2019QZKK0206). N.C.
was supported by the project NODES, which has received funding from the MUR–M4C2
1.5 of PNRR funded by the European Union - NextGeneration EU (Grant agreement no.
ECS00000036). T.E.S. has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020
research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant no. 101026058.
F.P. has received funding from the European Research Council under the European
Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme grant no. 772751, RAVEN,
‘Rapid mass losses of debris-covered glaciers in High Mountain Asia’ and has been
supported by the SNSF grant ‘High-elevation precipitation in High Mountain Asia’
(grant no. 183633). A.A. was supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research
and innovation program under grant agreement no. 101004156 (CONFESS project) and
by the European Union’s Horizon Europe research and innovation program under grant
agreement no. 101081193 (OptimESM project). We thank H. Wehrli for valuable comments
and suggestions and J. Giannitrapani for the graphic support. We thank A. Da Polenza
and K. Bista of EV-K2-CNR for believing that studying the high elevations is relevant
for the whole globe.
article_processing_charge: Yes (in subscription journal)
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Franco
full_name: Salerno, Franco
last_name: Salerno
- first_name: Nicolas
full_name: Guyennon, Nicolas
last_name: Guyennon
- first_name: Kun
full_name: Yang, Kun
last_name: Yang
- first_name: Thomas
full_name: Shaw, Thomas
id: 3caa3f91-1f03-11ee-96ce-e0e553054d6e
last_name: Shaw
orcid: 0000-0001-7640-6152
- first_name: Changgui
full_name: Lin, Changgui
last_name: Lin
- first_name: Nicola
full_name: Colombo, Nicola
last_name: Colombo
- first_name: Emanuele
full_name: Romano, Emanuele
last_name: Romano
- first_name: Stephan
full_name: Gruber, Stephan
last_name: Gruber
- first_name: Tobias
full_name: Bolch, Tobias
last_name: Bolch
- first_name: Andrea
full_name: Alessandri, Andrea
last_name: Alessandri
- first_name: Paolo
full_name: Cristofanelli, Paolo
last_name: Cristofanelli
- first_name: Davide
full_name: Putero, Davide
last_name: Putero
- first_name: Guglielmina
full_name: Diolaiuti, Guglielmina
last_name: Diolaiuti
- first_name: Gianni
full_name: Tartari, Gianni
last_name: Tartari
- first_name: Gianpietro
full_name: Verza, Gianpietro
last_name: Verza
- first_name: Sudeep
full_name: Thakuri, Sudeep
last_name: Thakuri
- first_name: Gianpaolo
full_name: Balsamo, Gianpaolo
last_name: Balsamo
- first_name: Evan S.
full_name: Miles, Evan S.
last_name: Miles
- first_name: Francesca
full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca
id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70
last_name: Pellicciotti
orcid: 0000-0002-5554-8087
citation:
ama: Salerno F, Guyennon N, Yang K, et al. Local cooling and drying induced by Himalayan
glaciers under global warming. Nature Geoscience. 2023;16:1120-1127. doi:10.1038/s41561-023-01331-y
apa: Salerno, F., Guyennon, N., Yang, K., Shaw, T., Lin, C., Colombo, N., … Pellicciotti,
F. (2023). Local cooling and drying induced by Himalayan glaciers under global
warming. Nature Geoscience. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-023-01331-y
chicago: Salerno, Franco, Nicolas Guyennon, Kun Yang, Thomas Shaw, Changgui Lin,
Nicola Colombo, Emanuele Romano, et al. “Local Cooling and Drying Induced by Himalayan
Glaciers under Global Warming.” Nature Geoscience. Springer Nature, 2023.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-023-01331-y.
ieee: F. Salerno et al., “Local cooling and drying induced by Himalayan glaciers
under global warming,” Nature Geoscience, vol. 16. Springer Nature, pp.
1120–1127, 2023.
ista: Salerno F, Guyennon N, Yang K, Shaw T, Lin C, Colombo N, Romano E, Gruber
S, Bolch T, Alessandri A, Cristofanelli P, Putero D, Diolaiuti G, Tartari G, Verza
G, Thakuri S, Balsamo G, Miles ES, Pellicciotti F. 2023. Local cooling and drying
induced by Himalayan glaciers under global warming. Nature Geoscience. 16, 1120–1127.
mla: Salerno, Franco, et al. “Local Cooling and Drying Induced by Himalayan Glaciers
under Global Warming.” Nature Geoscience, vol. 16, Springer Nature, 2023,
pp. 1120–27, doi:10.1038/s41561-023-01331-y.
short: F. Salerno, N. Guyennon, K. Yang, T. Shaw, C. Lin, N. Colombo, E. Romano,
S. Gruber, T. Bolch, A. Alessandri, P. Cristofanelli, D. Putero, G. Diolaiuti,
G. Tartari, G. Verza, S. Thakuri, G. Balsamo, E.S. Miles, F. Pellicciotti, Nature
Geoscience 16 (2023) 1120–1127.
date_created: 2023-12-10T23:00:58Z
date_published: 2023-12-04T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-09-09T13:36:16Z
day: '04'
ddc:
- '550'
department:
- _id: FrPe
doi: 10.1038/s41561-023-01331-y
external_id:
isi:
- '001112839700003'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: d5ae0d17069eebc6f454c8608cf83e21
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2023-12-11T10:11:19Z
date_updated: 2023-12-11T10:11:19Z
file_id: '14671'
file_name: 2023_NatureGeoscience_Salerno.pdf
file_size: 6072603
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2023-12-11T10:11:19Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 16'
isi: 1
language:
- iso: eng
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 1120-1127
publication: Nature Geoscience
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1752-0908
issn:
- 1752-0894
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
link:
- description: News on ISTA website
relation: press_release
url: https://ista.ac.at/en/news/wind-of-climate-change/
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Local cooling and drying induced by Himalayan glaciers under global warming
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 16
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '12593'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'Rock debris can accumulate on glacier surfaces and dramatically reduce glacier
melt. The structure of a debris cover is unique to each glacier and sensitive
to climate. Despite this, debris cover has been omitted from global glacier models
and forecasts of their response to a changing climate. Fundamental to resolving
these omissions is a global map of debris cover and an estimate of its future
spatial evolution. Here we use Landsat imagery and a detailed correction to the
Randolph Glacier Inventory to show that 7.3% of mountain glacier area is debris
covered and over half of Earth’s debris is concentrated in three regions: Alaska
(38.6% of total debris-covered area), Southwest Asia (12.6%) and Greenland (12.0%).
We use a set of new metrics, which include stage, the current position of a glacier
on its trajectory towards reaching its spatial carrying capacity of debris cover,
to quantify the state of glaciers. Debris cover is present on 44% of Earth’s glaciers
and prominent (>1.0 km2) on 15%. Of Earth’s glaciers, 20% have a substantial percentage
of debris cover for which the net stage is 36% and the bulk of individual glaciers
have evolved beyond an optimal moraine configuration favourable for debris-cover
expansion. Use of this dataset in global-scale models will enable improved estimates
of melt over 10.6% of the global glacier domain.'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Sam
full_name: Herreid, Sam
last_name: Herreid
- first_name: Francesca
full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca
id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70
last_name: Pellicciotti
citation:
ama: Herreid S, Pellicciotti F. The state of rock debris covering Earth’s glaciers.
Nature Geoscience. 2020;13(9):621-627. doi:10.1038/s41561-020-0615-0
apa: Herreid, S., & Pellicciotti, F. (2020). The state of rock debris covering
Earth’s glaciers. Nature Geoscience. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-020-0615-0
chicago: Herreid, Sam, and Francesca Pellicciotti. “The State of Rock Debris Covering
Earth’s Glaciers.” Nature Geoscience. Springer Nature, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-020-0615-0.
ieee: S. Herreid and F. Pellicciotti, “The state of rock debris covering Earth’s
glaciers,” Nature Geoscience, vol. 13, no. 9. Springer Nature, pp. 621–627,
2020.
ista: Herreid S, Pellicciotti F. 2020. The state of rock debris covering Earth’s
glaciers. Nature Geoscience. 13(9), 621–627.
mla: Herreid, Sam, and Francesca Pellicciotti. “The State of Rock Debris Covering
Earth’s Glaciers.” Nature Geoscience, vol. 13, no. 9, Springer Nature,
2020, pp. 621–27, doi:10.1038/s41561-020-0615-0.
short: S. Herreid, F. Pellicciotti, Nature Geoscience 13 (2020) 621–627.
date_created: 2023-02-20T08:12:17Z
date_published: 2020-09-02T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-02-28T12:45:37Z
day: '02'
doi: 10.1038/s41561-020-0615-0
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 13'
issue: '9'
keyword:
- General Earth and Planetary Sciences
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa_version: None
page: 621-627
publication: Nature Geoscience
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1752-0908
issn:
- 1752-0894
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
link:
- relation: erratum
url: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-020-0630-1
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: The state of rock debris covering Earth’s glaciers
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 13
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '12640'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Greater Himalayan glaciers are retreating and losing mass at rates comparable
to glaciers in other regions of the world1,2,3,4,5. Assessments of future changes
and their associated hydrological impacts are scarce, oversimplify glacier dynamics
or include a limited number of climate models6,7,8,9. Here, we use results from
the latest ensemble of climate models in combination with a high-resolution glacio-hydrological
model to assess the hydrological impact of climate change on two climatically
contrasting watersheds in the Greater Himalaya, the Baltoro and Langtang watersheds
that drain into the Indus and Ganges rivers, respectively. We show that the largest
uncertainty in future runoff is a result of variations in projected precipitation
between climate models. In both watersheds, strong, but highly variable, increases
in future runoff are projected and, despite the different characteristics of the
watersheds, their responses are surprisingly similar. In both cases, glaciers
will recede but net glacier melt runoff is on a rising limb at least until 2050.
In combination with a positive change in precipitation, water availability during
this century is not likely to decline. We conclude that river basins that depend
on monsoon rains and glacier melt will continue to sustain the increasing water
demands expected in these areas10.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: letter_note
author:
- first_name: W. W.
full_name: Immerzeel, W. W.
last_name: Immerzeel
- first_name: Francesca
full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca
id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70
last_name: Pellicciotti
- first_name: M. F. P.
full_name: Bierkens, M. F. P.
last_name: Bierkens
citation:
ama: Immerzeel WW, Pellicciotti F, Bierkens MFP. Rising river flows throughout the
twenty-first century in two Himalayan glacierized watersheds. Nature Geoscience.
2013;6(9):742-745. doi:10.1038/ngeo1896
apa: Immerzeel, W. W., Pellicciotti, F., & Bierkens, M. F. P. (2013). Rising
river flows throughout the twenty-first century in two Himalayan glacierized watersheds.
Nature Geoscience. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1896
chicago: Immerzeel, W. W., Francesca Pellicciotti, and M. F. P. Bierkens. “Rising
River Flows throughout the Twenty-First Century in Two Himalayan Glacierized Watersheds.”
Nature Geoscience. Springer Nature, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1896.
ieee: W. W. Immerzeel, F. Pellicciotti, and M. F. P. Bierkens, “Rising river flows
throughout the twenty-first century in two Himalayan glacierized watersheds,”
Nature Geoscience, vol. 6, no. 9. Springer Nature, pp. 742–745, 2013.
ista: Immerzeel WW, Pellicciotti F, Bierkens MFP. 2013. Rising river flows throughout
the twenty-first century in two Himalayan glacierized watersheds. Nature Geoscience.
6(9), 742–745.
mla: Immerzeel, W. W., et al. “Rising River Flows throughout the Twenty-First Century
in Two Himalayan Glacierized Watersheds.” Nature Geoscience, vol. 6, no.
9, Springer Nature, 2013, pp. 742–45, doi:10.1038/ngeo1896.
short: W.W. Immerzeel, F. Pellicciotti, M.F.P. Bierkens, Nature Geoscience 6 (2013)
742–745.
date_created: 2023-02-20T08:17:17Z
date_published: 2013-09-13T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-02-21T10:46:37Z
day: '13'
doi: 10.1038/ngeo1896
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 6'
issue: '9'
keyword:
- General Earth and Planetary Sciences
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa_version: None
page: 742-745
publication: Nature Geoscience
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1752-0908
issn:
- 1752-0894
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Rising river flows throughout the twenty-first century in two Himalayan glacierized
watersheds
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 6
year: '2013'
...