---
_id: '11479'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Understanding population divergence that eventually leads to speciation is
    essential for evolutionary biology. High species diversity in the sea was regarded
    as a paradox when strict allopatry was considered necessary for most speciation
    events because geographical barriers seemed largely absent in the sea, and many
    marine species have high dispersal capacities. Combining genome-wide data with
    demographic modelling to infer the demographic history of divergence has introduced
    new ways to address this classical issue. These models assume an ancestral population
    that splits into two subpopulations diverging according to different scenarios
    that allow tests for periods of gene flow. Models can also test for heterogeneities
    in population sizes and migration rates along the genome to account, respectively,
    for background selection and selection against introgressed ancestry. To investigate
    how barriers to gene flow arise in the sea, we compiled studies modelling the
    demographic history of divergence in marine organisms and extracted preferred
    demographic scenarios together with estimates of demographic parameters. These
    studies show that geographical barriers to gene flow do exist in the sea but that
    divergence can also occur without strict isolation. Heterogeneity of gene flow
    was detected in most population pairs suggesting the predominance of semipermeable
    barriers during divergence. We found a weak positive relationship between the
    fraction of the genome experiencing reduced gene flow and levels of genome-wide
    differentiation. Furthermore, we found that the upper bound of the ‘grey zone
    of speciation’ for our dataset extended beyond that found before, implying that
    gene flow between diverging taxa is possible at higher levels of divergence than
    previously thought. Finally, we list recommendations for further strengthening
    the use of demographic modelling in speciation research. These include a more
    balanced representation of taxa, more consistent and comprehensive modelling,
    clear reporting of results and simulation studies to rule out nonbiological explanations
    for general results.
acknowledgement: 'We greatly thank all the corresponding authors of the studies that
  were included in our synthesis for the sharing of additional data: Thomas Broquet,
  Dmitry Filatov, Quentin Rougemont, Paolo Momigliano, Pierre-Alexandre Gagnaire,
  Carlos Prada, Ahmed Souissi, Michael Møller Hansen, Sylvie Lapègue, Joseph Di Battista,
  Michael Hellberg and Carlos Prada. RKB and ADJ were supported by the European Research
  Council. MR was supported by the Swedish Research Council Vetenskapsrådet (grant
  number 2021-05243; to MR) and Formas (grant number 2019-00882; to KJ and MR), and
  by additional grants from the European Research Council (to RKB) and Vetenskapsrådet
  (to KJ) through the Centre for Marine Evolutionary Biology (https://www.gu.se/en/cemeb-marine-evolutionary-biology).'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Aurélien
  full_name: De Jode, Aurélien
  last_name: De Jode
- first_name: Alan
  full_name: Le Moan, Alan
  last_name: Le Moan
- first_name: Kerstin
  full_name: Johannesson, Kerstin
  last_name: Johannesson
- first_name: Rui
  full_name: Faria, Rui
  last_name: Faria
- first_name: Sean
  full_name: Stankowski, Sean
  id: 43161670-5719-11EA-8025-FABC3DDC885E
  last_name: Stankowski
- first_name: Anja M
  full_name: Westram, Anja M
  id: 3C147470-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Westram
  orcid: 0000-0003-1050-4969
- first_name: Roger K.
  full_name: Butlin, Roger K.
  last_name: Butlin
- first_name: Marina
  full_name: Rafajlović, Marina
  last_name: Rafajlović
- first_name: Christelle
  full_name: Fraisse, Christelle
  id: 32DF5794-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Fraisse
  orcid: 0000-0001-8441-5075
citation:
  ama: De Jode A, Le Moan A, Johannesson K, et al. Ten years of demographic modelling
    of divergence and speciation in the sea. <i>Evolutionary Applications</i>. 2023;16(2):542-559.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13428">10.1111/eva.13428</a>
  apa: De Jode, A., Le Moan, A., Johannesson, K., Faria, R., Stankowski, S., Westram,
    A. M., … Fraisse, C. (2023). Ten years of demographic modelling of divergence
    and speciation in the sea. <i>Evolutionary Applications</i>. Wiley. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13428">https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13428</a>
  chicago: De Jode, Aurélien, Alan Le Moan, Kerstin Johannesson, Rui Faria, Sean Stankowski,
    Anja M Westram, Roger K. Butlin, Marina Rafajlović, and Christelle Fraisse. “Ten
    Years of Demographic Modelling of Divergence and Speciation in the Sea.” <i>Evolutionary
    Applications</i>. Wiley, 2023. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13428">https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13428</a>.
  ieee: A. De Jode <i>et al.</i>, “Ten years of demographic modelling of divergence
    and speciation in the sea,” <i>Evolutionary Applications</i>, vol. 16, no. 2.
    Wiley, pp. 542–559, 2023.
  ista: De Jode A, Le Moan A, Johannesson K, Faria R, Stankowski S, Westram AM, Butlin
    RK, Rafajlović M, Fraisse C. 2023. Ten years of demographic modelling of divergence
    and speciation in the sea. Evolutionary Applications. 16(2), 542–559.
  mla: De Jode, Aurélien, et al. “Ten Years of Demographic Modelling of Divergence
    and Speciation in the Sea.” <i>Evolutionary Applications</i>, vol. 16, no. 2,
    Wiley, 2023, pp. 542–59, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13428">10.1111/eva.13428</a>.
  short: A. De Jode, A. Le Moan, K. Johannesson, R. Faria, S. Stankowski, A.M. Westram,
    R.K. Butlin, M. Rafajlović, C. Fraisse, Evolutionary Applications 16 (2023) 542–559.
date_created: 2022-07-03T22:01:33Z
date_published: 2023-02-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-04-23T08:49:14Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '576'
department:
- _id: NiBa
- _id: BeVi
doi: 10.1111/eva.13428
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000815663700001'
  pmid:
  - '36793688'
file:
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  creator: dernst
  date_created: 2023-02-27T07:10:17Z
  date_updated: 2023-02-27T07:10:17Z
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file_date_updated: 2023-02-27T07:10:17Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        16'
isi: 1
issue: '2'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '02'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 542-559
pmid: 1
publication: Evolutionary Applications
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1752-4571
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Ten years of demographic modelling of divergence and speciation in the sea
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 16
year: '2023'
...