[{"ddc":["570"],"has_accepted_license":"1","file":[{"file_id":"20873","date_updated":"2025-12-29T13:47:27Z","file_size":327847,"relation":"main_file","checksum":"90942491b499f70b0bf48b8aec2e7387","access_level":"open_access","file_name":"2025_TrendsNeurosciences_Hetzer.pdf","content_type":"application/pdf","date_created":"2025-12-29T13:47:27Z","creator":"dernst","success":1}],"quality_controlled":"1","corr_author":"1","publication":"Trends in Neurosciences","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2025.07.004","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0166-2236"],"eissn":["1878-108X"]},"issue":"9","date_created":"2025-08-10T22:01:29Z","year":"2025","title":"Long-lived cellular molecules in the brain","external_id":{"pmid":["40744775"],"isi":["001568965400001"]},"publication_status":"published","abstract":[{"text":"In long-lived mammals, including humans, brain cell homeostasis is critical for maintaining brain function throughout life. Most neurons are generated during development and must maintain their cellular identity and plasticity to preserve brain function. Although extensive studies indicate the importance of recycling and regenerating cellular molecules to maintain cellular homeostasis, recent evidence has shown that some proteins and RNAs do not turn over for months and even years. We propose that these long-lived cellular molecules may be the basis for maintaining brain function in the long term, but also a potential convergent target of brain aging. We highlight key discoveries and challenges, and propose potential directions to unravel the mystery of brain cell longevity.","lang":"eng"}],"article_processing_charge":"Yes (in subscription journal)","page":"645-654","pmid":1,"OA_place":"publisher","volume":48,"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","author":[{"full_name":"Hetzer, Martin W","orcid":"0000-0002-2111-992X","id":"86c0d31b-b4eb-11ec-ac5a-eae7b2e135ed","first_name":"Martin W","last_name":"Hetzer"},{"full_name":"Toda, Tomohisa","first_name":"Tomohisa","last_name":"Toda"}],"citation":{"short":"M. Hetzer, T. Toda, Trends in Neurosciences 48 (2025) 645–654.","ieee":"M. Hetzer and T. Toda, “Long-lived cellular molecules in the brain,” <i>Trends in Neurosciences</i>, vol. 48, no. 9. Elsevier, pp. 645–654, 2025.","ista":"Hetzer M, Toda T. 2025. Long-lived cellular molecules in the brain. Trends in Neurosciences. 48(9), 645–654.","ama":"Hetzer M, Toda T. Long-lived cellular molecules in the brain. <i>Trends in Neurosciences</i>. 2025;48(9):645-654. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2025.07.004\">10.1016/j.tins.2025.07.004</a>","chicago":"Hetzer, Martin, and Tomohisa Toda. “Long-Lived Cellular Molecules in the Brain.” <i>Trends in Neurosciences</i>. Elsevier, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2025.07.004\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2025.07.004</a>.","apa":"Hetzer, M., &#38; Toda, T. (2025). Long-lived cellular molecules in the brain. <i>Trends in Neurosciences</i>. Elsevier. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2025.07.004\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2025.07.004</a>","mla":"Hetzer, Martin, and Tomohisa Toda. “Long-Lived Cellular Molecules in the Brain.” <i>Trends in Neurosciences</i>, vol. 48, no. 9, Elsevier, 2025, pp. 645–54, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2025.07.004\">10.1016/j.tins.2025.07.004</a>."},"PlanS_conform":"1","day":"01","status":"public","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"OA_type":"hybrid","date_updated":"2025-12-29T13:47:58Z","department":[{"_id":"MaHe"}],"publisher":"Elsevier","date_published":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","month":"09","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"file_date_updated":"2025-12-29T13:47:27Z","oa":1,"isi":1,"scopus_import":"1","_id":"20154","type":"journal_article","acknowledgement":"The work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) (470322152 – T1347/3-1; 497658532 – T1347/4-1; 507965872 – T1347/5-1; and 460333672 – CRC1540 Exploring Brain Mechanics) to T.T., the Schram Foundation (T.T.), the European Research Council (ERC-2018-STG, 804468 EAGER; ERC-2023-COG, 101125034 NEUTIME) to T.T., the Hans-Georg Geis und Xue Hong Dong-Geis Foundation and Forschungsstiftung Medizin am Universitätsklinikum Erlangen to T.T., and the Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research Erlangen (Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Klinische Forschung, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen; P162 to T.T.). We thank Dr Laura J. Harrison for editing assistance.","oa_version":"Published Version","intvolume":"        48","article_type":"original"},{"pmid":1,"volume":43,"author":[{"last_name":"Parenti","first_name":"Ilaria","id":"D93538B0-5B71-11E9-AC62-02EBE5697425","full_name":"Parenti, Ilaria"},{"first_name":"Luis E","last_name":"Garcia Rabaneda","full_name":"Garcia Rabaneda, Luis E","id":"33D1B084-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"first_name":"Hanna","last_name":"Schön","full_name":"Schön, Hanna","id":"C8E17EDC-D7AA-11E9-B7B7-45ECE5697425"},{"full_name":"Novarino, Gaia","id":"3E57A680-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-7673-7178","first_name":"Gaia","last_name":"Novarino"}],"user_id":"ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd","title":"Neurodevelopmental disorders: From genetics to functional pathways","abstract":[{"text":"Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are a class of disorders affecting brain development and function and are characterized by wide genetic and clinical variability. In this review, we discuss the multiple factors that influence the clinical presentation of NDDs, with particular attention to gene vulnerability, mutational load, and the two-hit model. Despite the complex architecture of\r\nmutational events associated with NDDs, the various proteins involved appear to converge on common pathways, such as synaptic plasticity/function, chromatin remodelers and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. A thorough understanding of the mechanisms behind these pathways will hopefully lead to the identification of candidates that could be targeted for treatment approaches.","lang":"eng"}],"publication_status":"published","external_id":{"pmid":["32507511"],"isi":["000553090600008"]},"page":"608-621","article_processing_charge":"No","publication":"Trends in Neurosciences","issue":"8","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0166-2236"],"eissn":["1878-108X"]},"doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2020.05.004","year":"2020","date_created":"2020-06-14T22:00:49Z","ddc":["570"],"has_accepted_license":"1","file":[{"access_level":"open_access","relation":"main_file","checksum":"67db0251b1d415ae59005f876fcf9e34","file_size":1439550,"date_updated":"2020-11-25T09:43:40Z","file_id":"8805","success":1,"creator":"dernst","date_created":"2020-11-25T09:43:40Z","file_name":"2020_TrendsNeuroscience_Parenti.pdf","content_type":"application/pdf"}],"quality_controlled":"1","corr_author":"1","_id":"7957","scopus_import":"1","acknowledgement":"We wish to thank Jasmin Morandell for generously sharing Figure 2. This work was supported by the European Research Council Starting Grant (grant 715508 ) to G.N.","type":"journal_article","article_type":"original","oa_version":"Published Version","intvolume":"        43","department":[{"_id":"GaNo"}],"publisher":"Elsevier","date_updated":"2026-04-02T14:36:06Z","month":"08","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_published":"2020-08-01T00:00:00Z","oa":1,"file_date_updated":"2020-11-25T09:43:40Z","isi":1,"day":"01","status":"public","ec_funded":1,"tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"project":[{"call_identifier":"H2020","name":"Probing the Reversibility of Autism Spectrum Disorders by Employing in vivo and in vitro Models","_id":"25444568-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"715508"}],"citation":{"apa":"Parenti, I., Garcia Rabaneda, L. E., Schön, H., &#38; Novarino, G. (2020). Neurodevelopmental disorders: From genetics to functional pathways. <i>Trends in Neurosciences</i>. Elsevier. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2020.05.004\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2020.05.004</a>","chicago":"Parenti, Ilaria, Luis E Garcia Rabaneda, Hanna Schön, and Gaia Novarino. “Neurodevelopmental Disorders: From Genetics to Functional Pathways.” <i>Trends in Neurosciences</i>. Elsevier, 2020. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2020.05.004\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2020.05.004</a>.","mla":"Parenti, Ilaria, et al. “Neurodevelopmental Disorders: From Genetics to Functional Pathways.” <i>Trends in Neurosciences</i>, vol. 43, no. 8, Elsevier, 2020, pp. 608–21, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2020.05.004\">10.1016/j.tins.2020.05.004</a>.","ieee":"I. Parenti, L. E. Garcia Rabaneda, H. Schön, and G. Novarino, “Neurodevelopmental disorders: From genetics to functional pathways,” <i>Trends in Neurosciences</i>, vol. 43, no. 8. Elsevier, pp. 608–621, 2020.","short":"I. Parenti, L.E. Garcia Rabaneda, H. Schön, G. Novarino, Trends in Neurosciences 43 (2020) 608–621.","ista":"Parenti I, Garcia Rabaneda LE, Schön H, Novarino G. 2020. Neurodevelopmental disorders: From genetics to functional pathways. Trends in Neurosciences. 43(8), 608–621.","ama":"Parenti I, Garcia Rabaneda LE, Schön H, Novarino G. Neurodevelopmental disorders: From genetics to functional pathways. <i>Trends in Neurosciences</i>. 2020;43(8):608-621. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2020.05.004\">10.1016/j.tins.2020.05.004</a>"}}]