[{"date_published":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","author":[{"full_name":"Toups, Melissa A","first_name":"Melissa A","id":"4E099E4E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-9752-7380","last_name":"Toups"},{"last_name":"Vicoso","id":"49E1C5C6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-4579-8306","full_name":"Vicoso, Beatriz","first_name":"Beatriz"}],"publisher":"Elsevier","day":"01","article_processing_charge":"Yes (via OA deal)","file":[{"date_updated":"2025-12-30T13:14:20Z","content_type":"application/pdf","date_created":"2025-12-30T13:14:20Z","file_id":"20917","file_size":897079,"access_level":"open_access","checksum":"262640abc34277686b56eb60102976f6","success":1,"creator":"dernst","relation":"main_file","file_name":"2025_CurrOpinionInsectScience_Toups.pdf"}],"year":"2025","scopus_import":"1","abstract":[{"text":"Sex chromosomes have evolved many times throughout the tree of life, and understanding what has shaped their unusual morphological, sequence, and regulatory features has been a long-standing goal. Most early insights into insect sex chromosome biology came from a few model species, such as the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, which limited broad-scale evolutionary inferences. More recently, extensive comparative genomics studies have uncovered several unexpected patterns, which we highlight in this review. First, we describe the conservation of the ancestral X chromosome over 450 million years but also its recurrent turnover (i.e. its reversal to an autosome when a new X chromosome arose) in at least one order. We then summarize classical and more recent findings on how insects modulate the expression of X-linked genes following the degradation of the Y chromosome and how the diverse mechanisms of dosage compensation identified may elucidate important principles of sex chromosome regulatory evolution.","lang":"eng"}],"OA_place":"publisher","publication_status":"published","corr_author":"1","status":"public","external_id":{"isi":["001582424100001"]},"project":[{"grant_number":"PAT 8748323","name":"Sex chromosomes in evolution and development","_id":"8ed82125-16d5-11f0-9cad-fbcae312235b"}],"oa_version":"Published Version","acknowledgement":"This work was supported by an Austrian Research Fund (FWF) grant to B.V. (PAT 8748323) and by the Louisiana Board of Regents Research Competitiveness Subprogram (LEQSF(2025-28)-RD-A-20) to MAT.","OA_type":"hybrid","PlanS_conform":"1","doi":"10.1016/j.cois.2025.101411","title":"Insect sex chromosome evolution: Conservation, turnover, and mechanisms of dosage compensation","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","article_type":"review","volume":72,"oa":1,"file_date_updated":"2025-12-30T13:14:20Z","date_updated":"2025-12-30T13:14:38Z","quality_controlled":"1","date_created":"2025-08-17T22:01:35Z","type":"journal_article","citation":{"ieee":"M. A. Toups and B. Vicoso, “Insect sex chromosome evolution: Conservation, turnover, and mechanisms of dosage compensation,” <i>Current Opinion in Insect Science</i>, vol. 72. Elsevier, 2025.","ista":"Toups MA, Vicoso B. 2025. Insect sex chromosome evolution: Conservation, turnover, and mechanisms of dosage compensation. Current Opinion in Insect Science. 72, 101411.","ama":"Toups MA, Vicoso B. Insect sex chromosome evolution: Conservation, turnover, and mechanisms of dosage compensation. <i>Current Opinion in Insect Science</i>. 2025;72. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cois.2025.101411\">10.1016/j.cois.2025.101411</a>","short":"M.A. Toups, B. Vicoso, Current Opinion in Insect Science 72 (2025).","mla":"Toups, Melissa A., and Beatriz Vicoso. “Insect Sex Chromosome Evolution: Conservation, Turnover, and Mechanisms of Dosage Compensation.” <i>Current Opinion in Insect Science</i>, vol. 72, 101411, Elsevier, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cois.2025.101411\">10.1016/j.cois.2025.101411</a>.","chicago":"Toups, Melissa A, and Beatriz Vicoso. “Insect Sex Chromosome Evolution: Conservation, Turnover, and Mechanisms of Dosage Compensation.” <i>Current Opinion in Insect Science</i>. Elsevier, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cois.2025.101411\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cois.2025.101411</a>.","apa":"Toups, M. A., &#38; Vicoso, B. (2025). Insect sex chromosome evolution: Conservation, turnover, and mechanisms of dosage compensation. <i>Current Opinion in Insect Science</i>. Elsevier. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cois.2025.101411\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cois.2025.101411</a>"},"publication":"Current Opinion in Insect Science","month":"12","ddc":["570"],"intvolume":"        72","article_number":"101411","tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"has_accepted_license":"1","license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","isi":1,"_id":"20182","department":[{"_id":"BeVi"}],"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2214-5753"],"issn":["2214-5745"]}},{"author":[{"orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Sylvia","full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia","last_name":"Cremer"}],"publisher":"Elsevier","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","date_published":"2019-06-01T00:00:00Z","volume":33,"day":"01","article_processing_charge":"No","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Ant invasions are often harmful to native species communities. Their pathogens and host disease defense mechanisms may be one component of their devastating success. First, they can introduce harmful diseases to their competitors in the introduced range, to which they themselves are tolerant. Second, their supercolonial social structure of huge multi-queen nest networks means that they will harbor a broad pathogen spectrum and high pathogen load while remaining resilient, unlike the smaller, territorial colonies of the native species. Thus, it is likely that invasive ants act as a disease reservoir, promoting their competitive advantage and invasive success."}],"publication_status":"published","date_created":"2019-05-13T07:58:36Z","year":"2019","scopus_import":"1","quality_controlled":"1","date_updated":"2025-07-10T11:53:22Z","citation":{"ieee":"S. Cremer, “Pathogens and disease defense of invasive ants,” <i>Current Opinion in Insect Science</i>, vol. 33. Elsevier, pp. 63–68, 2019.","ista":"Cremer S. 2019. Pathogens and disease defense of invasive ants. Current Opinion in Insect Science. 33, 63–68.","short":"S. Cremer, Current Opinion in Insect Science 33 (2019) 63–68.","ama":"Cremer S. Pathogens and disease defense of invasive ants. <i>Current Opinion in Insect Science</i>. 2019;33:63-68. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cois.2019.03.011\">10.1016/j.cois.2019.03.011</a>","mla":"Cremer, Sylvia. “Pathogens and Disease Defense of Invasive Ants.” <i>Current Opinion in Insect Science</i>, vol. 33, Elsevier, 2019, pp. 63–68, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cois.2019.03.011\">10.1016/j.cois.2019.03.011</a>.","chicago":"Cremer, Sylvia. “Pathogens and Disease Defense of Invasive Ants.” <i>Current Opinion in Insect Science</i>. Elsevier, 2019. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cois.2019.03.011\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cois.2019.03.011</a>.","apa":"Cremer, S. (2019). Pathogens and disease defense of invasive ants. <i>Current Opinion in Insect Science</i>. Elsevier. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cois.2019.03.011\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cois.2019.03.011</a>"},"type":"journal_article","publication":"Current Opinion in Insect Science","status":"public","intvolume":"        33","month":"06","external_id":{"isi":["000477666000012"]},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"isi":1,"_id":"6415","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"page":"63-68","oa_version":"None","title":"Pathogens and disease defense of invasive ants","doi":"10.1016/j.cois.2019.03.011","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2214-5745"],"eissn":["2214-5753"]}}]