@article{17436,
  abstract     = {The auxin signaling molecule controls a variety of growth and developmental processes in land plants. Auxin regulates gene expression through a nuclear auxin signaling pathway (NAP) consisting of the ubiquitin ligase auxin receptor TIR1/AFB, its Aux/IAA degradation substrate, and DNA-binding ARF transcription factors. Although extensive qualitative understanding of the pathway and its interactions has been obtained, mostly by studying the flowering plant Arabidopsis thaliana, it remains unknown how these translate to quantitative system behavior in vivo, a problem that is confounded by the large NAP gene families in most species. Here, we used the minimal NAP of the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha to quantitatively map NAP protein accumulation and dynamics in vivo through the use of knockin fluorescent fusion proteins. Beyond revealing the dynamic native accumulation profile of the entire NAP protein network, we discovered that the two central ARFs, MpARF1 and MpARF2, are proteasomally degraded. This auxin-independent degradation tunes ARF protein stoichiometry to favor gene activation, thereby reprogramming auxin response during the developmental progression. Thus, quantitative analysis of the entire NAP has enabled us to identify ARF degradation and the stoichiometries of activator and repressor ARFs as a potential mechanism for controlling gemma germination.},
  author       = {Das, Shubhajit and De Roij, Martijn and Bellows, Simon and Alvarez, Melissa Dipp and Mutte, Sumanth and Kohlen, Wouter and Farcot, Etienne and Weijers, Dolf and Borst, Jan Willem},
  issn         = {2590-3462},
  journal      = {Plant Communications},
  number       = {11},
  publisher    = {Elsevier},
  title        = {{Quantitative imaging reveals the role of MpARF proteasomal degradation during gemma germination}},
  doi          = {10.1016/j.xplc.2024.101039},
  volume       = {5},
  year         = {2024},
}

@article{13209,
  abstract     = {The phytohormone auxin plays central roles in many growth and developmental processes in plants. Development of chemical tools targeting the auxin pathway is useful for both plant biology and agriculture. Here we reveal that naproxen, a synthetic compound with anti-inflammatory activity in humans, acts as an auxin transport inhibitor targeting PIN-FORMED (PIN) transporters in plants. Physiological experiments indicate that exogenous naproxen treatment affects pleiotropic auxin-regulated developmental processes. Additional cellular and biochemical evidence indicates that naproxen suppresses auxin transport, specifically PIN-mediated auxin efflux. Moreover, biochemical and structural analyses confirm that naproxen binds directly to PIN1 protein via the same binding cavity as the indole-3-acetic acid substrate. Thus, by combining cellular, biochemical, and structural approaches, this study clearly establishes that naproxen is a PIN inhibitor and elucidates the underlying mechanisms. Further use of this compound may advance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of PIN-mediated auxin transport and expand our toolkit in auxin biology and agriculture.},
  author       = {Xia, Jing and Kong, Mengjuan and Yang, Zhisen and Sun, Lianghanxiao and Peng, Yakun and Mao, Yanbo and Wei, Hong and Ying, Wei and Gao, Yongxiao and Friml, Jiří and Weng, Jianping and Liu, Xin and Sun, Linfeng and Tan, Shutang},
  issn         = {2590-3462},
  journal      = {Plant Communications},
  number       = {6},
  publisher    = {Elsevier},
  title        = {{Chemical inhibition of Arabidopsis PIN-FORMED auxin transporters by the anti-inflammatory drug naproxen}},
  doi          = {10.1016/j.xplc.2023.100632},
  volume       = {4},
  year         = {2023},
}