@inproceedings{14771,
  abstract     = {Pruning—that is, setting a significant subset of the parameters of a neural network to zero—is one of the most popular methods of model compression. Yet, several recent works have raised the issue that pruning may induce or exacerbate bias in the output of the compressed model. Despite existing evidence for this phenomenon, the relationship between neural network pruning and induced bias is not well-understood. In this work, we systematically investigate and characterize this phenomenon in Convolutional Neural Networks for computer vision. First, we show that it is in fact possible to obtain highly-sparse models, e.g. with less than 10% remaining weights, which do not decrease in accuracy nor substantially increase in bias when compared to dense models. At the same time, we also find that, at higher sparsities, pruned models exhibit higher uncertainty in their outputs, as well as increased correlations, which we directly link to increased bias. We propose easy-to-use criteria which, based only on the uncompressed model, establish whether bias will increase with pruning, and identify the samples most susceptible to biased predictions post-compression. Our code can be found at https://github.com/IST-DASLab/pruned-vision-model-bias.},
  author       = {Iofinova, Eugenia B and Peste, Elena-Alexandra and Alistarh, Dan-Adrian},
  booktitle    = {2023 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition},
  issn         = {2575-7075},
  location     = {Vancouver, BC, Canada},
  pages        = {24364--24373},
  publisher    = {IEEE},
  title        = {{Bias in pruned vision models: In-depth analysis and countermeasures}},
  doi          = {10.1109/cvpr52729.2023.02334},
  year         = {2023},
}

@article{14772,
  abstract     = {Many coupled evolution equations can be described via 2×2-block operator matrices of the form A=[ 
A	B
C	D
 ] in a product space X=X1×X2 with possibly unbounded entries. Here, the case of diagonally dominant block operator matrices is considered, that is, the case where the full operator A can be seen as a relatively bounded perturbation of its diagonal part with D(A)=D(A)×D(D) though with possibly large relative bound. For such operators the properties of sectoriality, R-sectoriality and the boundedness of the H∞-calculus are studied, and for these properties perturbation results for possibly large but structured perturbations are derived. Thereby, the time dependent parabolic problem associated with A can be analyzed in maximal Lpt
-regularity spaces, and this is applied to a wide range of problems such as different theories for liquid crystals, an artificial Stokes system, strongly damped wave and plate equations, and a Keller-Segel model.},
  author       = {Agresti, Antonio and Hussein, Amru},
  issn         = {0022-1236},
  journal      = {Journal of Functional Analysis},
  keywords     = {Analysis},
  number       = {11},
  publisher    = {Elsevier},
  title        = {{Maximal Lp-regularity and H∞-calculus for block operator matrices and applications}},
  doi          = {10.1016/j.jfa.2023.110146},
  volume       = {285},
  year         = {2023},
}

@article{14773,
  abstract     = {Through a combination of idealized simulations and real-world data, researchers are uncovering how internal feedbacks and large-scale motions influence cloud dynamics.},
  author       = {Muller, Caroline J and Abramian, Sophie},
  issn         = {1945-0699},
  journal      = {Physics Today},
  keywords     = {General Physics and Astronomy},
  number       = {5},
  publisher    = {AIP Publishing},
  title        = {{The cloud dynamics of convective storm systems}},
  doi          = {10.1063/pt.3.5234},
  volume       = {76},
  year         = {2023},
}

@article{14774,
  abstract     = {Morphogen gradients impart positional information to cells in a homogenous tissue field. Fgf8a, a highly conserved growth factor, has been proposed to act as a morphogen during zebrafish gastrulation. However, technical limitations have so far prevented direct visualization of the endogenous Fgf8a gradient and confirmation of its morphogenic activity. Here, we monitor Fgf8a propagation in the developing neural plate using a CRISPR/Cas9-mediated EGFP knock-in at the endogenous fgf8a locus. By combining sensitive imaging with single-molecule fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, we demonstrate that Fgf8a, which is produced at the embryonic margin, propagates by diffusion through the extracellular space and forms a graded distribution towards the animal pole. Overlaying the Fgf8a gradient curve with expression profiles of its downstream targets determines the precise input-output relationship of Fgf8a-mediated patterning. Manipulation of the extracellular Fgf8a levels alters the signaling outcome, thus establishing Fgf8a as a bona fide morphogen during zebrafish gastrulation. Furthermore, by hindering Fgf8a diffusion, we demonstrate that extracellular diffusion of the protein from the source is crucial for it to achieve its morphogenic potential.},
  author       = {Harish, Rohit K and Gupta, Mansi and Zöller, Daniela and Hartmann, Hella and Gheisari, Ali and Machate, Anja and Hans, Stefan and Brand, Michael},
  issn         = {1477-9129},
  journal      = {Development},
  keywords     = {Developmental Biology, Molecular Biology},
  number       = {19},
  publisher    = {The Company of Biologists},
  title        = {{Real-time monitoring of an endogenous Fgf8a gradient attests to its role as a morphogen during zebrafish gastrulation}},
  doi          = {10.1242/dev.201559},
  volume       = {150},
  year         = {2023},
}

@article{14775,
  abstract     = {We establish a quantitative version of the Tracy–Widom law for the largest eigenvalue of high-dimensional sample covariance matrices. To be precise, we show that the fluctuations of the largest eigenvalue of a sample covariance matrix X∗X converge to its Tracy–Widom limit at a rate nearly N−1/3, where X is an M×N random matrix whose entries are independent real or complex random variables, assuming that both M and N tend to infinity at a constant rate. This result improves the previous estimate N−2/9 obtained by Wang (2019). Our proof relies on a Green function comparison method (Adv. Math. 229 (2012) 1435–1515) using iterative cumulant expansions, the local laws for the Green function and asymptotic properties of the correlation kernel of the white Wishart ensemble.},
  author       = {Schnelli, Kevin and Xu, Yuanyuan},
  issn         = {1050-5164},
  journal      = {The Annals of Applied Probability},
  keywords     = {Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty, Statistics and Probability},
  number       = {1},
  pages        = {677--725},
  publisher    = {Institute of Mathematical Statistics},
  title        = {{Convergence rate to the Tracy–Widom laws for the largest eigenvalue of sample covariance matrices}},
  doi          = {10.1214/22-aap1826},
  volume       = {33},
  year         = {2023},
}

@article{14776,
  abstract     = {Soluble chaperones residing in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) play vitally important roles in folding and quality control of newly synthesized proteins that transiently pass through the ER en route to their final destinations. These soluble residents of the ER are themselves endowed with an ER retrieval signal that enables the cell to bring the escaped residents back from the Golgi. Here, by using purified proteins, we showed that Nicotiana tabacum phytaspase, a plant aspartate-specific protease, introduces two breaks at the C-terminus of the N. tabacum ER resident calreticulin-3. These cleavages resulted in removal of either a dipeptide or a hexapeptide from the C-terminus of calreticulin-3 encompassing part or all of the ER retrieval signal. Consistently, expression of the calreticulin-3 derivative mimicking the phytaspase cleavage product in Nicotiana benthamiana cells demonstrated loss of the ER accumulation of the protein. Notably, upon its escape from the ER, calreticulin-3 was further processed by an unknown protease(s) to generate the free N-terminal (N) domain of calreticulin-3, which was ultimately secreted into the apoplast. Our study thus identified a specific proteolytic enzyme capable of precise detachment of the ER retrieval signal from a plant ER resident protein, with implications for the further fate of the escaped resident.},
  author       = {Teplova, Anastasiia and Pigidanov, Artemii A. and Serebryakova, Marina V. and Golyshev, Sergei A. and Galiullina, Raisa A. and Chichkova, Nina V. and Vartapetian, Andrey B.},
  issn         = {1422-0067},
  journal      = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences},
  keywords     = {Inorganic Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Computer Science Applications, Spectroscopy, Molecular Biology, General Medicine, Catalysis},
  number       = {22},
  publisher    = {MDPI},
  title        = {{Phytaspase Is capable of detaching the endoplasmic reticulum retrieval signal from tobacco calreticulin-3}},
  doi          = {10.3390/ijms242216527},
  volume       = {24},
  year         = {2023},
}

@article{14777,
  abstract     = {The effects of the partial V-substitution for Ag on the thermoelectric (TE) properties are investigated for a flexible semiconducting compound Ag2S0.55Se0.45. Density functional theory calculations predict that such a partial V-substitution constructively modifies the electronic structure near the bottom of the conduction band to improve the TE performance. The synthesized Ag1.97V0.03S0.55Se0.45 is found to possess a TE dimensionless figure-of-merit (ZT) of 0.71 at 350 K with maintaining its flexible nature. This ZT value is relatively high in comparison with those reported for flexible TE materials below 360 K. The increase in the ZT value is caused by the enhanced absolute value of the Seebeck coefficient with less significant variation in electrical resistivity. The high ZT value with the flexible nature naturally allows us to employ the Ag1.97V0.03S0.55Se0.45 as a component of flexible TE generators.},
  author       = {Sato, Kosuke and Singh, Saurabh and Yamazaki, Itsuki and Hirata, Keisuke and Ang, Artoni Kevin R. and Matsunami, Masaharu and Takeuchi, Tsunehiro},
  issn         = {2158-3226},
  journal      = {AIP Advances},
  keywords     = {General Physics and Astronomy},
  number       = {12},
  publisher    = {AIP Publishing},
  title        = {{Improvement of thermoelectric performance of flexible compound Ag2S0.55Se0.45 by means of partial V-substitution for Ag}},
  doi          = {10.1063/5.0171888},
  volume       = {13},
  year         = {2023},
}

@article{14778,
  abstract     = {We consider the almost-sure (a.s.) termination problem for probabilistic programs, which are a stochastic extension of classical imperative programs. Lexicographic ranking functions provide a sound and practical approach for termination of non-probabilistic programs, and their extension to probabilistic programs is achieved via lexicographic ranking supermartingales (LexRSMs). However, LexRSMs introduced in the previous work have a limitation that impedes their automation: all of their components have to be non-negative in all reachable states. This might result in a LexRSM not existing even for simple terminating programs. Our contributions are twofold. First, we introduce a generalization of LexRSMs that allows for some components to be negative. This standard feature of non-probabilistic termination proofs was hitherto not known to be sound in the probabilistic setting, as the soundness proof requires a careful analysis of the underlying stochastic process. Second, we present polynomial-time algorithms using our generalized LexRSMs for proving a.s. termination in broad classes of linear-arithmetic programs.},
  author       = {Chatterjee, Krishnendu and Kafshdar Goharshady, Ehsan and Novotný, Petr and Zárevúcky, Jiří and Zikelic, Dorde},
  issn         = {1433-299X},
  journal      = {Formal Aspects of Computing},
  keywords     = {Theoretical Computer Science, Software},
  number       = {2},
  publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
  title        = {{On lexicographic proof rules for probabilistic termination}},
  doi          = {10.1145/3585391},
  volume       = {35},
  year         = {2023},
}

@article{14779,
  abstract     = {The presence of a developed boundary layer decouples a glacier's response from ambient conditions, suggesting that sensitivity to climate change is increased by glacier retreat. To test this hypothesis, we explore six years of distributed meteorological data on a small Swiss glacier in the period 2001–2022. Large glacier fragmentation has occurred since 2001 (−35% area change up to 2022) coinciding with notable frontal retreat, an observed switch from down‐glacier katabatic to up‐glacier valley winds and an increased sensitivity (ratio) of on‐glacier to off‐glacier temperature. As the glacier ceases to develop density‐driven katabatic winds, sensible heat fluxes on the glacier are increasingly determined by the conditions occurring outside the boundary layer of the glacier, sealing the glacier's demise as the climate continues to warm and experience an increased frequency of extreme summers.},
  author       = {Shaw, Thomas E. and Buri, Pascal and McCarthy, Michael and Miles, Evan S. and Ayala, Álvaro and Pellicciotti, Francesca},
  issn         = {1944-8007},
  journal      = {Geophysical Research Letters},
  keywords     = {General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Geophysics},
  number       = {11},
  publisher    = {American Geophysical Union},
  title        = {{The decaying near‐surface boundary layer of a retreating alpine glacier}},
  doi          = {10.1029/2023gl103043},
  volume       = {50},
  year         = {2023},
}

@article{14780,
  abstract     = {In this paper, we study the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the spiked invariant multiplicative models when the randomness is from Haar matrices. We establish the limits of the outlier eigenvalues λˆi and the generalized components (⟨v,uˆi⟩ for any deterministic vector v) of the outlier eigenvectors uˆi with optimal convergence rates. Moreover, we prove that the non-outlier eigenvalues stick with those of the unspiked matrices and the non-outlier eigenvectors are delocalized. The results also hold near the so-called BBP transition and for degenerate spikes. On one hand, our results can be regarded as a refinement of the counterparts of [12] under additional regularity conditions. On the other hand, they can be viewed as an analog of [34] by replacing the random matrix with i.i.d. entries with Haar random matrix.},
  author       = {Ding, Xiucai and Ji, Hong Chang},
  issn         = {1879-209X},
  journal      = {Stochastic Processes and their Applications},
  keywords     = {Applied Mathematics, Modeling and Simulation, Statistics and Probability},
  pages        = {25--60},
  publisher    = {Elsevier},
  title        = {{Spiked multiplicative random matrices and principal components}},
  doi          = {10.1016/j.spa.2023.05.009},
  volume       = {163},
  year         = {2023},
}

@article{14781,
  abstract     = {Germ granules, condensates of phase-separated RNA and protein, are organelles that are essential for germline development in different organisms. The patterning of the granules and their relevance for germ cell fate are not fully understood. Combining three-dimensional in vivo structural and functional analyses, we study the dynamic spatial organization of molecules within zebrafish germ granules. We find that the localization of RNA molecules to the periphery of the granules, where ribosomes are localized, depends on translational activity at this location. In addition, we find that the vertebrate-specific Dead end (Dnd1) protein is essential for nanos3 RNA localization at the condensates’ periphery. Accordingly, in the absence of Dnd1, or when translation is inhibited, nanos3 RNA translocates into the granule interior, away from the ribosomes, a process that is correlated with the loss of germ cell fate. These findings highlight the relevance of sub-granule compartmentalization for post-transcriptional control and its importance for preserving germ cell totipotency.},
  author       = {Westerich, Kim Joana and Tarbashevich, Katsiaryna and Schick, Jan and Gupta, Antra and Zhu, Mingzhao and Hull, Kenneth and Romo, Daniel and Zeuschner, Dagmar and Goudarzi, Mohammad and Gross-Thebing, Theresa and Raz, Erez},
  issn         = {1534-5807},
  journal      = {Developmental Cell},
  keywords     = {Developmental Biology, Cell Biology, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Molecular Biology},
  number       = {17},
  pages        = {1578--1592.e5},
  publisher    = {Elsevier},
  title        = {{Spatial organization and function of RNA molecules within phase-separated condensates in zebrafish are controlled by Dnd1}},
  doi          = {10.1016/j.devcel.2023.06.009},
  volume       = {58},
  year         = {2023},
}

@article{14782,
  abstract     = {The actin cortex is a complex cytoskeletal machinery that drives and responds to changes in cell shape. It must generate or adapt to plasma membrane curvature to facilitate diverse functions such as cell division, migration, and phagocytosis. Due to the complex molecular makeup of the actin cortex, it remains unclear whether actin networks are inherently able to sense and generate membrane curvature, or whether they rely on their diverse binding partners to accomplish this. Here, we show that curvature sensing is an inherent capability of branched actin networks nucleated by Arp2/3 and VCA. We develop a robust method to encapsulate actin inside giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) and assemble an actin cortex at the inner surface of the GUV membrane. We show that actin forms a uniform and thin cortical layer when present at high concentration and distinct patches associated with negative membrane curvature at low concentration. Serendipitously, we find that the GUV production method also produces dumbbell-shaped GUVs, which we explain using mathematical modeling in terms of membrane hemifusion of nested GUVs. We find that branched actin networks preferentially assemble at the neck of the dumbbells, which possess a micrometer-range convex curvature comparable with the curvature of the actin patches found in spherical GUVs. Minimal branched actin networks can thus sense membrane curvature, which may help mammalian cells to robustly recruit actin to curved membranes to facilitate diverse cellular functions such as cytokinesis and migration.},
  author       = {Baldauf, Lucia and Frey, Felix F and Arribas Perez, Marcos and Idema, Timon and Koenderink, Gijsje H.},
  issn         = {0006-3495},
  journal      = {Biophysical Journal},
  keywords     = {Biophysics},
  number       = {11},
  pages        = {2311--2324},
  publisher    = {Elsevier},
  title        = {{Branched actin cortices reconstituted in vesicles sense membrane curvature}},
  doi          = {10.1016/j.bpj.2023.02.018},
  volume       = {122},
  year         = {2023},
}

@article{14783,
  abstract     = {Connexin 43, an astroglial gap junction protein, is enriched in perisynaptic astroglial processes and plays major roles in synaptic transmission. We have previously found that astroglial Cx43 controls synaptic glutamate levels and allows for activity-dependent glutamine release to sustain physiological synaptic transmissions and cognitiogns. However, whether Cx43 is important for the release of synaptic vesicles, which is a critical component of synaptic efficacy, remains unanswered. Here, using transgenic mice with a glial conditional knockout of Cx43 (Cx43−/−), we investigate whether and how astrocytes regulate the release of synaptic vesicles from hippocampal synapses. We report that CA1 pyramidal neurons and their synapses develop normally in the absence of astroglial Cx43. However, a significant impairment in synaptic vesicle distribution and release dynamics were observed. In particular, the FM1-43 assays performed using two-photon live imaging and combined with multi-electrode array stimulation in acute hippocampal slices, revealed a slower rate of synaptic vesicle release in Cx43−/− mice. Furthermore, paired-pulse recordings showed that synaptic vesicle release probability was also reduced and is dependent on glutamine supply via Cx43 hemichannel (HC). Taken together, we have uncovered a role for Cx43 in regulating presynaptic functions by controlling the rate and probability of synaptic vesicle release. Our findings further highlight the significance of astroglial Cx43 in synaptic transmission and efficacy.},
  author       = {Cheung, Giselle T and Chever, Oana and Rollenhagen, Astrid and Quenech’du, Nicole and Ezan, Pascal and Lübke, Joachim H. R. and Rouach, Nathalie},
  issn         = {2073-4409},
  journal      = {Cells},
  keywords     = {General Medicine},
  number       = {8},
  publisher    = {MDPI},
  title        = {{Astroglial connexin 43 regulates synaptic vesicle release at hippocampal synapses}},
  doi          = {10.3390/cells12081133},
  volume       = {12},
  year         = {2023},
}

@article{14784,
  abstract     = {The next steps of deep space exploration are manned missions to Moon and Mars. For safe space missions for crew members, it is important to understand the impact of space flight on the immune system. We studied the effects of 21 days dry immersion (DI) exposure on the transcriptomes of T cells isolated from blood samples of eight healthy volunteers. Samples were collected 7 days before DI, at day 7, 14, and 21 during DI, and 7 days after DI. RNA sequencing of CD3+T cells revealed transcriptional alterations across all time points, with most changes occurring 14 days after DI exposure. At day 21, T cells showed evidence of adaptation with a transcriptional profile resembling that of 7 days before DI. At 7 days after DI, T cells again changed their transcriptional profile. These data suggest that T cells adapt by rewiring their transcriptomes in response to simulated weightlessness and that remodeling cues persist when reexposed to normal gravity.},
  author       = {Gallardo-Dodd, Carlos J. and Oertlin, Christian and Record, Julien and Galvani, Rômulo G. and Sommerauer, Christian and Kuznetsov, Nikolai V. and Doukoumopoulos, Evangelos and Ali, Liaqat and Oliveira, Mariana M. S. and Seitz, Christina and Percipalle, Mathias and Nikić, Tijana and Sadova, Anastasia A. and Shulgina, Sofia M. and Shmarov, Vjacheslav A. and Kutko, Olga V. and Vlasova, Daria D. and Orlova, Kseniya D. and Rykova, Marina P. and Andersson, John and Percipalle, Piergiorgio and Kutter, Claudia and Ponomarev, Sergey A. and Westerberg, Lisa S.},
  issn         = {2375-2548},
  journal      = {Science Advances},
  keywords     = {Multidisciplinary},
  number       = {34},
  publisher    = {American Association for the Advancement of Science},
  title        = {{Exposure of volunteers to microgravity by dry immersion bed over 21 days results in gene expression changes and adaptation of T cells}},
  doi          = {10.1126/sciadv.adg1610},
  volume       = {9},
  year         = {2023},
}

@article{14785,
  abstract     = {Small cryptic plasmids have no clear effect on the host fitness and their functional repertoire remains obscure. The naturally competent cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 harbours several small cryptic plasmids; whether their evolution with this species is supported by horizontal transfer remains understudied. Here, we show that the small cryptic plasmid DNA is transferred in the population exclusively by natural transformation, where the transfer frequency of plasmid‐encoded genes is similar to that of chromosome‐encoded genes. Establishing a system to follow gene transfer, we compared the transfer frequency of genes encoded in cryptic plasmids pCA2.4 (2378 bp) and pCB2.4 (2345 bp) within and between populations of two <jats:italic>Synechocystis</jats:italic> sp. PCC 6803 labtypes (termed Kiel and Sevilla). Our results reveal that plasmid gene transfer frequency depends on the recipient labtype. Furthermore, gene transfer via whole plasmid uptake in the Sevilla labtype ranged among the lowest detected transfer rates in our experiments. Our study indicates that horizontal DNA transfer via natural transformation is frequent in the evolution of small cryptic plasmids that reside in naturally competent organisms. Furthermore, we suggest that the contribution of natural transformation to cryptic plasmid persistence in Synechocystis is limited.},
  author       = {Nies, Fabian and Wein, Tanita and Hanke, Dustin M. and Springstein, Benjamin L and Alcorta, Jaime and Taubenheim, Claudia and Dagan, Tal},
  issn         = {1758-2229},
  journal      = {Environmental Microbiology Reports},
  keywords     = {Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous), Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics},
  number       = {6},
  pages        = {656--668},
  publisher    = {Wiley},
  title        = {{Role of natural transformation in the evolution of small cryptic plasmids in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803}},
  doi          = {10.1111/1758-2229.13203},
  volume       = {15},
  year         = {2023},
}

@article{14786,
  abstract     = {Acanthocephalans, intestinal parasites of vertebrates, are characterised by orders of magnitude higher metal accumulation than free-living organisms, but the mechanism of such effective metal accumulation is still unknown. The aim of our study was to gain new insights into the high-resolution localization of elements in the bodies of acanthocephalans, thus taking an initial step towards elucidating metal uptake and accumulation in organisms under real environmental conditions. For the first time, nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS) was used for high-resolution mapping of 12 elements (C, Ca, Cu, Fe, N, Na, O, P, Pb, S, Se, and Tl) in three selected body parts (trunk spines, inner part of the proboscis receptacle and inner surface of the tegument) of Dentitruncus truttae, a parasite of brown trout (Salmo trutta) from the Krka River in Croatia. In addition, the same body parts were examined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and correlated with NanoSIMS images. Metal concentrations determined using HR ICP-MS confirmed higher accumulation in D. truttae than in the fish intestine. The chemical composition of the acanthocephalan body showed the highest density of C, Ca, N, Na, O, S, as important and constitutive elements in living cells in all studied structures, while Fe was predominant among trace elements. In general, higher element density was found in trunk spines and tegument, as body structures responsible for substance absorption in parasites. The results obtained with NanoSIMS and TEM-NanoSIMS correlative imaging represent pilot data for mapping of elements at nanoscale resolution in the ultrastructure of various body parts of acanthocephalans and generally provide a contribution for further application of this technique in all parasite species.},
  author       = {Filipović Marijić, Vlatka and Subirana, Maria Angels and Schaumlöffel, Dirk and Barišić, Josip and Gontier, Etienne and Krasnici, Nesrete and Mijošek, Tatjana and Hernández-Orts, Jesús S. and Scholz, Tomáš and Erk, Marijana},
  issn         = {0048-9697},
  journal      = {Science of The Total Environment},
  keywords     = {Pollution, Waste Management and Disposal, Environmental Chemistry, Environmental Engineering},
  publisher    = {Elsevier},
  title        = {{First insight in element localisation in different body parts of the acanthocephalan Dentitruncus truttae using TEM and NanoSIMS}},
  doi          = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164010},
  volume       = {887},
  year         = {2023},
}

@article{14787,
  abstract     = {Understanding the phenotypic and genetic architecture of reproductive isolation is a long‐standing goal of speciation research. In several systems, large‐effect loci contributing to barrier phenotypes have been characterized, but such causal connections are rarely known for more complex genetic architectures. In this study, we combine “top‐down” and “bottom‐up” approaches with demographic modelling toward an integrated understanding of speciation across a monkeyflower hybrid zone. Previous work suggests that pollinator visitation acts as a primary barrier to gene flow between two divergent red‐ and yellow‐flowered ecotypes of<jats:italic>Mimulus aurantiacus</jats:italic>. Several candidate isolating traits and anonymous single nucleotide polymorphism loci under divergent selection have been identified, but their genomic positions remain unknown. Here, we report findings from demographic analyses that indicate this hybrid zone formed by secondary contact, but that subsequent gene flow was restricted by widespread barrier loci across the genome. Using a novel, geographic cline‐based genome scan, we demonstrate that candidate barrier loci are broadly distributed across the genome, rather than mapping to one or a few “islands of speciation.” Quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping reveals that most floral traits are highly polygenic, with little evidence that QTL colocalize, indicating that most traits are genetically independent. Finally, we find little evidence that QTL and candidate barrier loci overlap, suggesting that some loci contribute to other forms of reproductive isolation. Our findings highlight the challenges of understanding the genetic architecture of reproductive isolation and reveal that barriers to gene flow other than pollinator isolation may play an important role in this system.},
  author       = {Stankowski, Sean and Chase, Madeline A. and McIntosh, Hanna and Streisfeld, Matthew A.},
  issn         = {1365-294X},
  journal      = {Molecular Ecology},
  keywords     = {Genetics, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics},
  number       = {8},
  pages        = {2041--2054},
  publisher    = {Wiley},
  title        = {{Integrating top‐down and bottom‐up approaches to understand the genetic architecture of speciation across a monkeyflower hybrid zone}},
  doi          = {10.1111/mec.16849},
  volume       = {32},
  year         = {2023},
}

@article{14788,
  abstract     = {Eukaryotic cells use clathrin-mediated endocytosis to take up a large range of extracellular cargo. During endocytosis, a clathrin coat forms on the plasma membrane, but it remains controversial when and how it is remodeled into a spherical vesicle.
Here, we use 3D superresolution microscopy to determine the precise geometry of the clathrin coat at large numbers of endocytic sites. Through pseudo-temporal sorting, we determine the average trajectory of clathrin remodeling during endocytosis. We find that clathrin coats assemble first on flat membranes to 50% of the coat area before they become rapidly and continuously bent, and this mechanism is confirmed in three cell lines. We introduce the cooperative curvature model, which is based on positive feedback for curvature generation. It accurately describes the measured shapes and dynamics of the clathrin coat and could represent a general mechanism for clathrin coat remodeling on the plasma membrane.},
  author       = {Mund, Markus and Tschanz, Aline and Wu, Yu-Le and Frey, Felix F and Mehl, Johanna L. and Kaksonen, Marko and Avinoam, Ori and Schwarz, Ulrich S. and Ries, Jonas},
  issn         = {1540-8140},
  journal      = {Journal of Cell Biology},
  keywords     = {Cell Biology},
  number       = {3},
  publisher    = {Rockefeller University Press},
  title        = {{Clathrin coats partially preassemble and subsequently bend during endocytosis}},
  doi          = {10.1083/jcb.202206038},
  volume       = {222},
  year         = {2023},
}

@inproceedings{14798,
  abstract     = {A faithful reproduction of gloss is inherently difficult because of the limited dynamic range, peak luminance, and 3D capabilities of display devices. This work investigates how the display capabilities affect gloss appearance with respect to a real-world reference object. To this end, we employ an accurate imaging pipeline to achieve a perceptual gloss match between a virtual and real object presented side-by-side on an augmented-reality high-dynamic-range (HDR) stereoscopic display, which has not been previously attained to this extent. Based on this precise gloss reproduction, we conduct a series of gloss matching experiments to study how gloss perception degrades based on individual factors: object albedo, display luminance, dynamic range, stereopsis, and tone mapping. We support the study with a detailed analysis of individual factors, followed by an in-depth discussion on the observed perceptual effects. Our experiments demonstrate that stereoscopic presentation has a limited effect on the gloss matching task on our HDR display. However, both reduced luminance and dynamic range of the display reduce the perceived gloss. This means that the visual system cannot compensate for the changes in gloss appearance across luminance (lack of gloss constancy), and the tone mapping operator should be carefully selected when reproducing gloss on a low dynamic range (LDR) display.},
  author       = {Chen, Bin and Jindal, Akshay and Piovarci, Michael and Wang, Chao and Seidel, Hans Peter and Didyk, Piotr and Myszkowski, Karol and Serrano, Ana and Mantiuk, Rafał K.},
  booktitle    = {Proceedings of the SIGGRAPH Asia 2023 Conference},
  isbn         = {9798400703157},
  location     = {Sydney, Australia},
  publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
  title        = {{The effect of display capabilities on the gloss consistency between real and virtual objects}},
  doi          = {10.1145/3610548.3618226},
  year         = {2023},
}

@article{14799,
  abstract     = {A round-robin study has been carried out to estimate the impact of the human element in small-angle scattering data analysis. Four corrected datasets were provided to participants ready for analysis. All datasets were measured on samples containing spherical scatterers, with two datasets in dilute dispersions and two from powders. Most of the 46 participants correctly identified the number of populations in the dilute dispersions, with half of the population
mean entries within 1.5% and half of the population width entries within 40%. Due to the added complexity of the structure factor, far fewer people submitted answers on the powder datasets. For those that did, half of the entries for the means and widths were within 44 and 86%, respectively. This round-robin experiment highlights several causes for the discrepancies, for which solutions are proposed.},
  author       = {Pauw, Brian R. and Smales, Glen J. and Anker, Andy S. and Annadurai, Venkatasamy and Balazs, Daniel and Bienert, Ralf and Bouwman, Wim G. and Breßler, Ingo and Breternitz, Joachim and Brok, Erik S. and Bryant, Gary and Clulow, Andrew J. and Crater, Erin R. and De Geuser, Frédéric and Giudice, Alessandra Del and Deumer, Jérôme and Disch, Sabrina and Dutt, Shankar and Frank, Kilian and Fratini, Emiliano and Garcia, Paulo R.A.F. and Gilbert, Elliot P. and Hahn, Marc B. and Hallett, James and Hohenschutz, Max and Hollamby, Martin and Huband, Steven and Ilavsky, Jan and Jochum, Johanna K. and Juelsholt, Mikkel and Mansel, Bradley W. and Penttilä, Paavo and Pittkowski, Rebecca K. and Portale, Giuseppe and Pozzo, Lilo D. and Rochels, Leonhard and Rosalie, Julian M. and Saloga, Patrick E.J. and Seibt, Susanne and Smith, Andrew J. and Smith, Gregory N. and Spiering, Glenn A. and Stawski, Tomasz M. and Taché, Olivier and Thünemann, Andreas F. and Toth, Kristof and Whitten, Andrew E. and Wuttke, Joachim},
  issn         = {1600-5767},
  journal      = {Journal of Applied Crystallography},
  number       = {6},
  pages        = {1618--1629},
  title        = {{The human factor: Results of a small-angle scattering data analysis round robin}},
  doi          = {10.1107/S1600576723008324},
  volume       = {56},
  year         = {2023},
}