@article{12574,
  abstract     = {Melt from supraglacial ice cliffs is an important contributor to the mass loss of debris-covered glaciers. However, ice cliff contribution is difficult to quantify as they are highly dynamic features, and the paucity of observations of melt rates and their variability leads to large modelling uncertainties. We quantify monsoon season melt and 3D evolution of four ice cliffs over two debris-covered glaciers in High Mountain Asia (Langtang Glacier, Nepal, and 24K Glacier, China) at very high resolution using terrestrial photogrammetry applied to imagery captured from time-lapse cameras installed on lateral moraines. We derive weekly flow-corrected digital elevation models (DEMs) of the glacier surface with a maximum vertical bias of ±0.2 m for Langtang Glacier and ±0.05 m for 24K Glacier and use change detection to determine distributed melt rates at the surfaces of the ice cliffs throughout the study period. We compare the measured melt patterns with those derived from a 3D energy balance model to derive the contribution of the main energy fluxes. We find that ice cliff melt varies considerably throughout the melt season, with maximum melt rates of 5 to 8 cm d−1, and their average melt rates are 11–14 (Langtang) and 4.5 (24K) times higher than the surrounding debris-covered ice. Our results highlight the influence of redistributed supraglacial debris on cliff melt. At both sites, ice cliff albedo is influenced by the presence of thin debris at the ice cliff surface, which is largely controlled on 24K Glacier by liquid precipitation events that wash away this debris. Slightly thicker or patchy debris reduces melt by 1–3 cm d−1 at all sites. Ultimately, our observations show a strong spatio-temporal variability in cliff area at each site, which is controlled by supraglacial streams and ponds and englacial cavities that promote debris slope destabilisation and the lateral expansion of the cliffs. These findings highlight the need to better represent processes of debris redistribution in ice cliff models, to in turn improve estimates of ice cliff contribution to glacier melt and the long-term geomorphological evolution of debris-covered glacier surfaces.},
  author       = {Kneib, Marin and Miles, Evan S. and Buri, Pascal and Fugger, Stefan and McCarthy, Michael and Shaw, Thomas E. and Chuanxi, Zhao and Truffer, Martin and Westoby, Matthew J. and Yang, Wei and Pellicciotti, Francesca},
  issn         = {1994-0424},
  journal      = {The Cryosphere},
  keywords     = {Earth-Surface Processes, Water Science and Technology},
  number       = {11},
  pages        = {4701--4725},
  publisher    = {Copernicus Publications},
  title        = {{Sub-seasonal variability of supraglacial ice cliff melt rates and associated processes from time-lapse photogrammetry}},
  doi          = {10.5194/tc-16-4701-2022},
  volume       = {16},
  year         = {2022},
}

@article{12582,
  abstract     = {Supraglacial debris covers 7% of mountain glacier area globally and generally reduces glacier surface melt. Enhanced energy absorption at ice cliffs and supraglacial ponds scattered across the debris surface leads these features to contribute disproportionately to glacier-wide ablation. However, the degree to which cliffs and ponds actually increase melt rates remains unclear, as these features have only been studied in a detailed manner for selected locations, almost exclusively in High Mountain Asia. In this study we model the surface energy balance for debris-covered ice, ice cliffs, and supraglacial ponds with a set of automatic weather station records representing the global prevalence of debris-covered glacier ice. We generate 5000 random sets of values for physical parameters using probability distributions derived from literature, which we use to investigate relative melt rates and to isolate the melt responses of debris, cliffs and ponds to the site-specific meteorological forcing. Modelled sub-debris melt rates are primarily controlled by debris thickness and thermal conductivity. At a reference thickness of 0.1 m, sub-debris melt rates vary considerably, differing by up to a factor of four between sites, mainly attributable to air temperature differences. We find that melt rates for ice cliffs are consistently 2–3× the melt rate for clean glacier ice, but this melt enhancement decays with increasing clean ice melt rates. Energy absorption at supraglacial ponds is dominated by latent heat exchange and is therefore highly sensitive to wind speed and relative humidity, but is generally less than for clean ice. Our results provide reference melt enhancement factors for melt modelling of debris-covered glacier sites, globally, while highlighting the need for direct measurement of debris-covered glacier surface characteristics, physical parameters, and local meteorological conditions at a variety of sites around the world.},
  author       = {Miles, E S and Steiner, J F and Buri, P and Immerzeel, W W and Pellicciotti, Francesca},
  issn         = {1748-9326},
  journal      = {Environmental Research Letters},
  keywords     = {Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, General Environmental Science, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment},
  number       = {6},
  publisher    = {IOP Publishing},
  title        = {{Controls on the relative melt rates of debris-covered glacier surfaces}},
  doi          = {10.1088/1748-9326/ac6966},
  volume       = {17},
  year         = {2022},
}

@inproceedings{12894,
  author       = {Schlögl, Alois and Hornoiu, Andrei and Elefante, Stefano and Stadlbauer, Stephan},
  booktitle    = {ASHPC22 - Austrian-Slovenian HPC Meeting 2022},
  isbn         = {978-3-200-08499-5},
  location     = {Grundlsee, Austria},
  pages        = {7},
  publisher    = {EuroCC Austria c/o Universität Wien},
  title        = {{Where is the sweet spot? A procurement story of general purpose compute nodes}},
  doi          = {10.25365/phaidra.337},
  year         = {2022},
}

@misc{13064,
  abstract     = {Genetically informed, deep-phenotyped biobanks are an important research resource and it is imperative that the most powerful, versatile, and efficient analysis approaches are used. Here, we apply our recently developed Bayesian grouped mixture of regressions model (GMRM) in the UK and Estonian Biobanks and obtain the highest genomic prediction accuracy reported to date across 21 heritable traits. When compared to other approaches, GMRM accuracy was greater than annotation prediction models run in the LDAK or LDPred-funct software by 15% (SE 7%) and 14% (SE 2%), respectively, and was 18% (SE 3%) greater than a baseline BayesR model without single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers grouped into minor allele frequency–linkage disequilibrium (MAF-LD) annotation categories. For height, the prediction accuracy R 2 was 47% in a UK Biobank holdout sample, which was 76% of the estimated h SNP 2 . We then extend our GMRM prediction model to provide mixed-linear model association (MLMA) SNP marker estimates for genome-wide association (GWAS) discovery, which increased the independent loci detected to 16,162 in unrelated UK Biobank individuals, compared to 10,550 from BoltLMM and 10,095 from Regenie, a 62 and 65% increase, respectively. The average χ2 value of the leading markers increased by 15.24 (SE 0.41) for every 1% increase in prediction accuracy gained over a baseline BayesR model across the traits. Thus, we show that modeling genetic associations accounting for MAF and LD differences among SNP markers, and incorporating prior knowledge of genomic function, is important for both genomic prediction and discovery in large-scale individual-level studies.},
  author       = {Orliac, Etienne and Trejo Banos, Daniel and Ojavee, Sven and Läll, Kristi and Mägi, Reedik and Visscher, Peter and Robinson, Matthew Richard},
  publisher    = {Dryad},
  title        = {{Improving genome-wide association discovery and genomic prediction accuracy in biobank data}},
  doi          = {10.5061/DRYAD.GTHT76HMZ},
  year         = {2022},
}

@article{13352,
  abstract     = {Optoelectronic effects differentiating absorption of right and left circularly polarized photons in thin films of chiral materials are typically prohibitively small for their direct photocurrent observation. Chiral metasurfaces increase the electronic sensitivity to circular polarization, but their out-of-plane architecture entails manufacturing and performance trade-offs. Here, we show that nanoporous thin films of chiral nanoparticles enable high sensitivity to circular polarization due to light-induced polarization-dependent ion accumulation at nanoparticle interfaces. Self-assembled multilayers of gold nanoparticles modified with L-phenylalanine generate a photocurrent under right-handed circularly polarized light as high as 2.41 times higher than under left-handed circularly polarized light. The strong plasmonic coupling between the multiple nanoparticles producing planar chiroplasmonic modes facilitates the ejection of electrons, whose entrapment at the membrane–electrolyte interface is promoted by a thick layer of enantiopure phenylalanine. Demonstrated detection of light ellipticity with equal sensitivity at all incident angles mimics phenomenological aspects of polarization vision in marine animals. The simplicity of self-assembly and sensitivity of polarization detection found in optoionic membranes opens the door to a family of miniaturized fluidic devices for chiral photonics.},
  author       = {Cai, Jiarong and Zhang, Wei and Xu, Liguang and Hao, Changlong and Ma, Wei and Sun, Maozhong and Wu, Xiaoling and Qin, Xian and Colombari, Felippe Mariano and de Moura, André Farias and Xu, Jiahui and Silva, Mariana Cristina and Carneiro-Neto, Evaldo Batista and Gomes, Weverson Rodrigues and Vallée, Renaud A. L. and Pereira, Ernesto Chaves and Liu, Xiaogang and Xu, Chuanlai and Klajn, Rafal and Kotov, Nicholas A. and Kuang, Hua},
  issn         = {1748-3395},
  journal      = {Nature Nanotechnology},
  keywords     = {Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Condensed Matter Physics, General Materials Science, Biomedical Engineering, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Bioengineering},
  number       = {4},
  pages        = {408--416},
  publisher    = {Springer Nature},
  title        = {{Polarization-sensitive optoionic membranes from chiral plasmonic nanoparticles}},
  doi          = {10.1038/s41565-022-01079-3},
  volume       = {17},
  year         = {2022},
}

@article{21079,
  abstract     = {<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>A series of aromatic oligoamide foldamer sequences containing different proportions of three δ‐amino acids derived from quinoline, pyridine, and benzene and possessing varying flexibility, for example due to methylene bridges, were synthesized. Crystallographic structures of two key sequences and <jats:sup>1</jats:sup>H NMR data in water concur to show that a canonical aromatic helix fold prevails in almost all cases and that helix stability critically depends on the ratio between rigid and flexible units. Notwithstanding subtle variations of curvature, i. e. the numbers of units per turn, the aromatic δ‐peptide helix is therefore shown to be general and tolerant of a great number of sp<jats:sup>3</jats:sup> centers. We also demonstrate canonical helical folding upon alternating two monomers that do not promote folding when taken separately: folding occurs with two methylenes between every other unit, not with one methylene between every unit. These findings highlight that a fine‐tuning of helix handedness inversion kinetics, curvature, and side chain positioning in aromatic δ‐peptidic foldamers can be realized by systematically combining different yet compatible δ‐amino acids.</jats:p>},
  author       = {Bindl, Daniel and Mandal, Pradeep K and Huc, Ivan},
  issn         = {1521-3765},
  journal      = {Chemistry – A European Journal},
  number       = {31},
  publisher    = {Wiley},
  title        = {{Generalizing the aromatic δ‐amino acid foldamer helix}},
  doi          = {10.1002/chem.202200538},
  volume       = {28},
  year         = {2022},
}

@article{13452,
  abstract     = {Magnetic fields can drastically change predictions of evolutionary models of massive stars via mass-loss quenching, magnetic braking, and efficient angular momentum transport, which we aim to quantify in this work. We use the MESA software instrument to compute an extensive main-sequence grid of stellar structure and evolution models, as well as isochrones, accounting for the effects attributed to a surface fossil magnetic field. The grid is densely populated in initial mass (3–60 M⊙), surface equatorial magnetic field strength (0–50 kG), and metallicity (representative of the Solar neighbourhood and the Magellanic Clouds). We use two magnetic braking and two chemical mixing schemes and compare the model predictions for slowly rotating, nitrogen-enriched (‘Group 2’) stars with observations in the Large Magellanic Cloud. We quantify a range of initial field strengths that allow for producing Group 2 stars and find that typical values (up to a few kG) lead to solutions. Between the subgrids, we find notable departures in surface abundances and evolutionary paths. In our magnetic models, chemical mixing is always less efficient compared to non-magnetic models due to the rapid spin-down. We identify that quasi-chemically homogeneous main sequence evolution by efficient mixing could be prevented by fossil magnetic fields. We recommend comparing this grid of evolutionary models with spectropolarimetric and spectroscopic observations with the goals of (i) revisiting the derived stellar parameters of known magnetic stars, and (ii) observationally constraining the uncertain magnetic braking and chemical mixing schemes.},
  author       = {Keszthelyi, Z and de Koter, A and Götberg, Ylva Louise Linsdotter and Meynet, G and Brands, S A and Petit, V and Carrington, M and David-Uraz, A and Geen, S T and Georgy, C and Hirschi, R and Puls, J and Ramalatswa, K J and Shultz, M E and ud-Doula, A},
  issn         = {1365-2966},
  journal      = {Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society},
  keywords     = {Space and Planetary Science, Astronomy and Astrophysics},
  number       = {2},
  pages        = {2028--2055},
  publisher    = {Oxford University Press},
  title        = {{The effects of surface fossil magnetic fields on massive star evolution: IV. Grids of models at Solar, LMC, and SMC metallicities}},
  doi          = {10.1093/mnras/stac2598},
  volume       = {517},
  year         = {2022},
}

@article{14098,
  abstract     = {Magnetic fields can drastically change predictions of evolutionary models of massive stars via mass-loss quenching, magnetic braking, and efficient angular momentum transport, which we aim to quantify in this work. We use the MESA software instrument to compute an extensive main-sequence grid of stellar structure and evolution models, as well as isochrones, accounting for the effects attributed to a surface fossil magnetic field. The grid is densely populated in initial mass (3–60 M⊙), surface equatorial magnetic field strength (0–50 kG), and metallicity (representative of the Solar neighbourhood and the Magellanic Clouds). We use two magnetic braking and two chemical mixing schemes and compare the model predictions for slowly rotating, nitrogen-enriched (‘Group 2’) stars with observations in the Large Magellanic Cloud. We quantify a range of initial field strengths that allow for producing Group 2 stars and find that typical values (up to a few kG) lead to solutions. Between the subgrids, we find notable departures in surface abundances and evolutionary paths. In our magnetic models, chemical mixing is always less efficient compared to non-magnetic models due to the rapid spin-down. We identify that quasi-chemically homogeneous main sequence evolution by efficient mixing could be prevented by fossil magnetic fields. We recommend comparing this grid of evolutionary models with spectropolarimetric and spectroscopic observations with the goals of (i) revisiting the derived stellar parameters of known magnetic stars, and (ii) observationally constraining the uncertain magnetic braking and chemical mixing schemes.},
  author       = {Keszthelyi, Z. and Koter, A. de and Götberg, Ylva Louise Linsdotter and Meynet, G. and Brands, S. A. and Petit, V. and Carrington, M. and A. David-Uraz, A. David-Uraz and Geen, S. T. and Georgy, C. and Hirschi, R. and Puls, J. and Ramalatswa, K. J. and Shultz, M. E. and A. ud-Doula, A. ud-Doula},
  issn         = {1365-2966},
  journal      = {Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society},
  number       = {2},
  pages        = {2028--2055},
  publisher    = {Oxford Academic},
  title        = {{The effects of surface fossil magnetic fields on massive star evolution: IV. Grids of models at solar, LMC, and SMC metallicities}},
  doi          = {10.1093/mnras/stac2598},
  volume       = {517},
  year         = {2022},
}

@inproceedings{14168,
  abstract     = {Recent work has seen the development of general purpose neural architectures
that can be trained to perform tasks across diverse data modalities. General
purpose models typically make few assumptions about the underlying
data-structure and are known to perform well in the large-data regime. At the
same time, there has been growing interest in modular neural architectures that
represent the data using sparsely interacting modules. These models can be more
robust out-of-distribution, computationally efficient, and capable of
sample-efficient adaptation to new data. However, they tend to make
domain-specific assumptions about the data, and present challenges in how
module behavior (i.e., parameterization) and connectivity (i.e., their layout)
can be jointly learned. In this work, we introduce a general purpose, yet
modular neural architecture called Neural Attentive Circuits (NACs) that
jointly learns the parameterization and a sparse connectivity of neural modules
without using domain knowledge. NACs are best understood as the combination of
two systems that are jointly trained end-to-end: one that determines the module
configuration and the other that executes it on an input. We demonstrate
qualitatively that NACs learn diverse and meaningful module configurations on
the NLVR2 dataset without additional supervision. Quantitatively, we show that
by incorporating modularity in this way, NACs improve upon a strong non-modular
baseline in terms of low-shot adaptation on CIFAR and CUBs dataset by about
10%, and OOD robustness on Tiny ImageNet-R by about 2.5%. Further, we find that
NACs can achieve an 8x speedup at inference time while losing less than 3%
performance. Finally, we find NACs to yield competitive results on diverse data
modalities spanning point-cloud classification, symbolic processing and
text-classification from ASCII bytes, thereby confirming its general purpose
nature.},
  author       = {Rahaman, Nasim and Weiss, Martin and Locatello, Francesco and Pal, Chris and Bengio, Yoshua and Schölkopf, Bernhard and Li, Li Erran and Ballas, Nicolas},
  booktitle    = {36th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems},
  location     = {New Orleans, United States},
  title        = {{Neural attentive circuits}},
  volume       = {35},
  year         = {2022},
}

@unpublished{14597,
  abstract     = {Phase-field models such as the Allen-Cahn equation may give rise to the formation and evolution of geometric shapes, a phenomenon that may be analyzed rigorously in suitable scaling regimes. In its sharp-interface limit, the vectorial Allen-Cahn equation with a potential with N≥3 distinct minima has been conjectured to describe the evolution of branched interfaces by multiphase mean curvature flow.
In the present work, we give a rigorous proof for this statement in two and three ambient dimensions and for a suitable class of potentials: As long as a strong solution to multiphase mean curvature flow exists, solutions to the vectorial Allen-Cahn equation with well-prepared initial data converge towards multiphase mean curvature flow in the limit of vanishing interface width parameter ε↘0. We even establish the rate of convergence O(ε1/2).
Our approach is based on the gradient flow structure of the Allen-Cahn equation and its limiting motion: Building on the recent concept of "gradient flow calibrations" for multiphase mean curvature flow, we introduce a notion of relative entropy for the vectorial Allen-Cahn equation with multi-well potential. This enables us to overcome the limitations of other approaches, e.g. avoiding the need for a stability analysis of the Allen-Cahn operator or additional convergence hypotheses for the energy at positive times.},
  author       = {Fischer, Julian L and Marveggio, Alice},
  booktitle    = {arXiv},
  title        = {{Quantitative convergence of the vectorial Allen-Cahn equation towards multiphase mean curvature flow}},
  doi          = {10.48550/ARXIV.2203.17143},
  year         = {2022},
}

@unpublished{14600,
  abstract     = {We study the problem of learning controllers for discrete-time non-linear stochastic dynamical systems with formal reach-avoid guarantees. This work presents the first method for providing formal reach-avoid guarantees, which combine and generalize stability and safety guarantees, with a tolerable probability threshold $p\in[0,1]$ over the infinite time horizon. Our method leverages advances in machine learning literature and it represents formal certificates as neural networks. In particular, we learn a certificate in the form of a reach-avoid supermartingale (RASM), a novel notion that we introduce in this work. Our RASMs provide reachability and avoidance guarantees by imposing constraints on what can be viewed as a stochastic extension of level sets of Lyapunov functions for deterministic systems. Our approach solves several important problems -- it can be used to learn a control policy from scratch, to verify a reach-avoid specification for a fixed control policy, or to fine-tune a pre-trained policy if it does not satisfy the reach-avoid specification. We validate our approach on $3$ stochastic non-linear reinforcement learning tasks.},
  author       = {Zikelic, Dorde and Lechner, Mathias and Henzinger, Thomas A and Chatterjee, Krishnendu},
  booktitle    = {arXiv},
  title        = {{Learning control policies for stochastic systems with reach-avoid guarantees}},
  doi          = {10.48550/ARXIV.2210.05308},
  year         = {2022},
}

@article{15203,
  abstract     = {The first X-ray pulsar, Cen X-3, was discovered 50 yr ago. Radiation from such objects is expected to be highly polarized due to birefringence of plasma and vacuum associated with propagation of photons in the presence of the strong magnetic field. Here we present results of the observations of Cen X-3 performed with the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer. The source exhibited significant flux variability and was observed in two states different by a factor of ∼20 in flux. In the low-luminosity state, no significant polarization was found in either pulse phase-averaged (with a 3σ upper limit of 12%) or phase-resolved (the 3σ upper limits are 20%–30%) data. In the bright state, the polarization degree of 5.8% ± 0.3% and polarization angle of 49fdg6 ± 1fdg5 with a significance of about 20σ were measured from the spectropolarimetric analysis of the phase-averaged data. The phase-resolved analysis showed a significant anticorrelation between the flux and the polarization degree, as well as strong variations of the polarization angle. The fit with the rotating vector model indicates a position angle of the pulsar spin axis of about 49° and a magnetic obliquity of 17°. The detected relatively low polarization can be explained if the upper layers of the neutron star surface are overheated by the accreted matter and the conversion of the polarization modes occurs within the transition region between the upper hot layer and a cooler underlying atmosphere. A fraction of polarization signal can also be produced by reflection of radiation from the neutron star surface and the accretion curtain.},
  author       = {Tsygankov, Sergey S. and Doroshenko, Victor and Poutanen, Juri and Heyl, Jeremy and Mushtukov, Alexander A. and Caiazzo, Ilaria and Di Marco, Alessandro and Forsblom, Sofia V. and González-Caniulef, Denis and Klawin, Moritz and La Monaca, Fabio and Malacaria, Christian and Marshall, Herman L. and Muleri, Fabio and Ng, Mason and Suleimanov, Valery F. and Sunyaev, Rashid A. and Turolla, Roberto and Agudo, Iván and Antonelli, Lucio A. and Bachetti, Matteo and Baldini, Luca and Baumgartner, Wayne H. and Bellazzini, Ronaldo and Bianchi, Stefano and Bongiorno, Stephen D. and Bonino, Raffaella and Brez, Alessandro and Bucciantini, Niccolò and Capitanio, Fiamma and Castellano, Simone and Cavazzuti, Elisabetta and Ciprini, Stefano and Costa, Enrico and Rosa, Alessandra De and Del Monte, Ettore and Gesu, Laura Di and Lalla, Niccolò Di and Donnarumma, Immacolata and Dovčiak, Michal and Ehlert, Steven R. and Enoto, Teruaki and Evangelista, Yuri and Fabiani, Sergio and Ferrazzoli, Riccardo and Garcia, Javier A. and Gunji, Shuichi and Hayashida, Kiyoshi and Iwakiri, Wataru and Jorstad, Svetlana G. and Karas, Vladimir and Kitaguchi, Takao and Kolodziejczak, Jeffery J. and Krawczynski, Henric and Latronico, Luca and Liodakis, Ioannis and Maldera, Simone and Manfreda, Alberto and Marin, Frédéric and Marinucci, Andrea and Marscher, Alan P. and Matt, Giorgio and Mitsuishi, Ikuyuki and Mizuno, Tsunefumi and Ng, Chi-Yung and O’Dell, Stephen L. and Omodei, Nicola and Oppedisano, Chiara and Papitto, Alessandro and Pavlov, George G. and Peirson, Abel L. and Perri, Matteo and Pesce-Rollins, Melissa and Petrucci, Pierre-Olivier and Pilia, Maura and Possenti, Andrea and Puccetti, Simonetta and Ramsey, Brian D. and Rankin, John and Ratheesh, Ajay and Romani, Roger W. and Sgrò, Carmelo and Slane, Patrick and Soffitta, Paolo and Spandre, Gloria and Tamagawa, Toru and Tavecchio, Fabrizio and Taverna, Roberto and Tawara, Yuzuru and Tennant, Allyn F. and Thomas, Nicholas E. and Tombesi, Francesco and Trois, Alessio and Vink, Jacco and Weisskopf, Martin C. and Wu, Kinwah and Xie, Fei and Zane, Silvia},
  issn         = {2041-8213},
  journal      = {The Astrophysical Journal Letters},
  keywords     = {Space and Planetary Science, Astronomy and Astrophysics},
  number       = {1},
  publisher    = {American Astronomical Society},
  title        = {{The x-ray polarimetry view of the accreting pulsar Cen X-3}},
  doi          = {10.3847/2041-8213/aca486},
  volume       = {941},
  year         = {2022},
}

@article{17066,
  abstract     = {A cell’s size affects the likelihood that it will die. But how is cell size controlled in this context and how does cell size impact commitment to the cell death fate? We present evidence that the caspase CED-3 interacts with the RhoGEF ECT-2 in Caenorhabditis elegans neuroblasts that generate “unwanted” cells. We propose that this interaction promotes polar actomyosin contractility, which leads to unequal neuroblast division and the generation of a daughter cell that is below the critical “lethal” size threshold. Furthermore, we find that hyperactivation of ECT-2 RhoGEF reduces the sizes of unwanted cells. Importantly, this suppresses the “cell death abnormal” phenotype caused by the partial loss of ced-3 caspase and therefore increases the likelihood that unwanted cells die. A putative null mutation of ced-3 caspase, however, is not suppressed, which indicates that cell size affects CED-3 caspase activation and/or activity. Therefore, we have uncovered novel sequential and reciprocal interactions between the apoptosis pathway and cell size that impact a cell’s commitment to the cell death fate.},
  author       = {Sethi, Aditya and Wei, Hai and Mishra, Nikhil and Segos, Ioannis and Lambie, Eric J. and Zanin, Esther and Conradt, Barbara},
  issn         = {1545-7885},
  journal      = {PLOS Biology},
  number       = {10},
  publisher    = {Public Library of Science},
  title        = {{A caspase–RhoGEF axis contributes to the cell size threshold for apoptotic death in developing Caenorhabditis elegans}},
  doi          = {10.1371/journal.pbio.3001786},
  volume       = {20},
  year         = {2022},
}

@inbook{17075,
  abstract     = {Disorders associated with the malfunction of amino acid transporters mainly affect the function of the intestine, kidney, brain, and liver. Mutations of brain amino acid transporters, for example, alter neuronal excitability (e.g., episodic ataxia due to SLC1A3 (EAAT1) defect and hyperekplexia due to SLC6A5 (GLYT2) deficiency) or brain development (SLC1A1 (EAAT3), SLC3A2/SLC7A5 (CD98hc/LAT1), and SLC1A4 (ASCT1) deficiencies). Mutations of renal and intestinal amino acid transporters SLC3A1/SLC7A9 (rBAT/b0,+AT) and SLC1A1 (EAAT3) cause renal problems (cystinuria and dicarboxylic aminoaciduria, respectively) and malabsorption that can affect whole-body homoeostasis (Hartnup disorder SLC6A19 (B0AT1), lysinuric protein intolerance SLC3A2/SLC7A7 (CD98hc/y+LAT1), and hyperdibasic aminoaciduria type 1). Mutations in the neuronal system A amino acid transporter SLC38A8 (SNAT8) cause eye developmental and visual defects. Inborn errors associated with mitochondrial SLC25 family members such as SLC25A12 (neuronal- and muscle-specific mitochondrial aspartate/glutamate transporter 1; AGC1) (global cerebral hypomyelination), SLC25A13 (aspartate/glutamate transporter 2) (citrin deficiency), SLC25A15 (ornithine-citrulline carrier 2) (homocitrullinuria, hyperornithinemia, and hyperammonemia syndrome), and SLC25A22 (mitochondrial glutamate/H+ symporter 1, GC1) (neonatal myoclonic epilepsy) will be dealt within Chap. 43 (defects of mitochondrial carriers).},
  author       = {Palacín, Manuel and Bröer, Stefan and Novarino, Gaia},
  booktitle    = {Physician's Guide to the Diagnosis, Treatment, and Follow-Up of Inherited Metabolic Diseases},
  editor       = {Blau, Nenad and Vici, Carlo Dionisi and Ferreira, Carlos R.  and Vianey-Saban, Christine and van Karnebeek, Clara D.M.},
  isbn         = {9783030677268},
  pages        = {291--312},
  publisher    = {Springer Nature},
  title        = {{Amino Acid Transport Defects}},
  doi          = {10.1007/978-3-030-67727-5_18},
  year         = {2022},
}

@unpublished{17115,
  abstract     = {Cascades are RNA-guided multi-subunit CRISPR-Cas surveillances complexes that target foreign nucleic acids for destruction. Here, we present a 2.9-Å resolution cryo-electron (cryo-EM) structure of the <jats:italic>D. vulgaris</jats:italic> type I-C Cascade bound to a double-stranded (ds)DNA target. Our data shows how the 5’-TTC-3’ protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) sequence is recognized, and provides a unique mechanism through which the displaced, single-stranded non-target strand (NTS) is stabilized via stacking interactions with protein subunits in order to favor R-loop formation and prevent dsDNA re-annealing. Additionally, we provide structural insights into how diverse anti-CRISPR (Acr) proteins utilize distinct strategies to achieve a shared mechanism of type I-C Cascade inhibition by blocking initial DNA binding. These observations provide a structural basis for directional R-loop formation and reveal how divergent Acr proteins have converged upon common molecular mechanisms to efficiently shut down CRISPR immunity.},
  author       = {O’Brien, Roisin E. and Bravo, Jack Peter Kelly and Ramos, Delisa and Hibshman, Grace N. and Wright, Jacquelyn T. and Taylor, David W.},
  booktitle    = {bioRxiv},
  publisher    = {Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory},
  title        = {{Modes of inhibition used by phage anti-CRISPRs to evade type I-C Cascade}},
  doi          = {10.1101/2022.06.15.496202},
  year         = {2022},
}

@article{18606,
  abstract     = {Shear thickening is an intriguing rheological behaviour which consists in a brutal increase in the viscosity above a critical shear rate. It is famously encountered in suspensions of corn starch in water. Despite having been discovered in the early 1930's, its underlying mechanisms remained a mystery for a long time. In 2013–14, numerical and theoretical works [[1], [2], [3]] put forward a frictional transition scenario to explain this phenomenon.
In this talk, I will present experimental work investigating this frictional transition scenario. In order to test the ideas of this model, one has to go further than standard rheological techniques, since they do not provide access to the frictional state of the measured suspension. I will thus focus on the techniques that we developed in order to evidence the frictional transition and link it to the presence of a shear-thickening behaviour.},
  author       = {Clavaud, Cécile},
  issn         = {2772-5693},
  journal      = {Science Talks},
  publisher    = {Elsevier},
  title        = {{Shear thickening in dense suspensions: an experimental study}},
  doi          = {10.1016/j.sctalk.2022.100038},
  volume       = {3},
  year         = {2022},
}

@article{19491,
  abstract     = {Using a recent breakthrough of Smith [18], we improve the results of Fouvry and Klüners [4, 5] on the solubility of the negative Pell equation. Let D denote the set of positive squarefree integers having no prime factors congruent to 3 modulo 4 . Stevenhagen [19] conjectured that the density of d in D such that the negative Pell equation x2−dy2=−1 is solvable with x,y∈Z is 58.1% , to the nearest tenth of a percent. By studying the distribution of the 8 -rank of narrow class groups Cl+(d) of Q(√d) , we prove that the infimum of this density is at least 53.8% .},
  author       = {Chan, Yik Tung and Koymans, Peter and Milovic, Djordjo and Pagano, Carlo},
  issn         = {2050-5094},
  journal      = {Forum of Mathematics, Sigma},
  publisher    = {Cambridge University Press},
  title        = {{The 8-rank of the narrow class group and the negative Pell equation}},
  doi          = {10.1017/fms.2022.40},
  volume       = {10},
  year         = {2022},
}

@inbook{20062,
  abstract     = {This article presents two fine-grained complexity lower bounds with relevance to algorithmic problems in computer aided verification. We have chosen these lower bounds as the proofs are relatively simple, but the techniques can be extended to give lower bounds for many more algorithmic problems. The goal is to present the bounds with minimal notation, making the results accessible to a broad community and stimulating further research in the area.

Specifically, we first describe a lower bound on the symbolic complexity of computing strongly connected components, which can be extended to show lower bounds for fundamental model-checking questions in graphs, published in [CDHL16b]. Second we present a conditional lower bound for disjunctive safety problems on graphs from [CDHL18] in the RAM model of computation. This bound can be modified to give conditional lower bounds for disjunctive objectives for reachability, Büchi, coBüchi and Rabin objectives in MDPs. We also present various open questions.},
  author       = {Henzinger, Monika H},
  booktitle    = {Principles of Systems Design},
  editor       = {Raskin, Jean-François and Chatterjee, Krishnendu and Doyen, Laurent and Majumdar, Rupak},
  isbn         = {9783031223365},
  issn         = {1611-3349},
  pages        = {292--305},
  publisher    = {Springer Nature Switzerland},
  title        = {{Fine-Grained Complexity Lower Bounds for Problems in Computer Aided Verification}},
  doi          = {10.1007/978-3-031-22337-2_14},
  volume       = {13660},
  year         = {2022},
}

@article{10608,
  abstract     = {We consider infinite-dimensional properties in coarse geometry for hyperspaces consisting of finite subsets of metric spaces with the Hausdorff metric. We see that several infinite-dimensional properties are preserved by taking the hyperspace of subsets with at most n points. On the other hand, we prove that, if a metric space contains a sequence of long intervals coarsely, then its hyperspace of finite subsets is not coarsely embeddable into any uniformly convex Banach space. As a corollary, the hyperspace of finite subsets of the real line is not coarsely embeddable into any uniformly convex Banach space. It is also shown that every (not necessarily bounded geometry) metric space with straight finite decomposition complexity has metric sparsification property.},
  author       = {Weighill, Thomas and Yamauchi, Takamitsu and Zava, Nicolò},
  issn         = {2199-6768},
  journal      = {European Journal of Mathematics},
  number       = {1},
  pages        = {335--355},
  publisher    = {Springer Nature},
  title        = {{Coarse infinite-dimensionality of hyperspaces of finite subsets}},
  doi          = {10.1007/s40879-021-00515-3},
  volume       = {8},
  year         = {2022},
}

@article{10717,
  abstract     = {Much of what we know about the role of auxin in plant development derives from exogenous manipulations of auxin distribution and signaling, using inhibitors, auxins and auxin analogs. In this context, synthetic auxin analogs, such as 1-Naphtalene Acetic Acid (1-NAA), are often favored over the endogenous auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), in part due to their higher stability. While such auxin analogs have proven to be instrumental to reveal the various faces of auxin, they display in some cases distinct bioactivities compared to IAA. Here, we focused on the effect of auxin analogs on the accumulation of PIN proteins in Brefeldin A-sensitive endosomal aggregations (BFA bodies), and the correlation with the ability to elicit Ca 2+ responses. For a set of commonly used auxin analogs, we evaluated if auxin-analog induced Ca 2+ signaling inhibits PIN accumulation. Not all auxin analogs elicited a Ca 2+ response, and their differential ability to elicit Ca 2+ responses correlated partially with their ability to inhibit BFA-body formation. However, in tir1/afb and cngc14, 1-NAA-induced Ca 2+ signaling was strongly impaired, yet 1-NAA still could inhibit PIN accumulation in BFA bodies. This demonstrates that TIR1/AFB-CNGC14-dependent Ca 2+ signaling does not inhibit BFA body formation in Arabidopsis roots.},
  author       = {Wang, R and Himschoot, E and Grenzi, M and Chen, J and Safi, A and Krebs, M and Schumacher, K and Nowack, MK and Moeder, W and Yoshioka, K and Van Damme, D and De Smet, I and Geelen, D and Beeckman, T and Friml, Jiří and Costa, A and Vanneste, S},
  issn         = {1460-2431},
  journal      = {Journal of Experimental Botany},
  number       = {8},
  publisher    = {Oxford University Press},
  title        = {{Auxin analog-induced Ca2+ signaling is independent of inhibition of endosomal aggregation in Arabidopsis roots}},
  doi          = {10.1093/jxb/erac019},
  volume       = {73},
  year         = {2022},
}