---
_id: '10891'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: We present a formal framework for the online black-box monitoring of software
    using monitors with quantitative verdict functions. Quantitative verdict functions
    have several advantages. First, quantitative monitors can be approximate, i.e.,
    the value of the verdict function does not need to correspond exactly to the value
    of the property under observation. Second, quantitative monitors can be quantified
    universally, i.e., for every possible observed behavior, the monitor tries to
    make the best effort to estimate the value of the property under observation.
    Third, quantitative monitors can watch boolean as well as quantitative properties,
    such as average response time. Fourth, quantitative monitors can use non-finite-state
    resources, such as counters. As a consequence, quantitative monitors can be compared
    according to how many resources they use (e.g., the number of counters) and how
    precisely they approximate the property under observation. This allows for a rich
    spectrum of cost-precision trade-offs in monitoring software.
acknowledgement: The formal framework for quantitative monitoring which is presented
  in this invited talk was defined jointly with N. Ege Saraç at LICS 2021. This work
  was supported in part by the Wittgenstein Award Z211-N23 of the Austrian Science
  Fund.
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Thomas A
  full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A
  id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Henzinger
  orcid: 0000-0002-2985-7724
citation:
  ama: 'Henzinger TA. Quantitative monitoring of software. In: <i>Software Verification</i>.
    Vol 13124. LNCS. Springer Nature; 2022:3-6. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95561-8_1">10.1007/978-3-030-95561-8_1</a>'
  apa: 'Henzinger, T. A. (2022). Quantitative monitoring of software. In <i>Software
    Verification</i> (Vol. 13124, pp. 3–6). New Haven, CT, United States: Springer
    Nature. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95561-8_1">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95561-8_1</a>'
  chicago: Henzinger, Thomas A. “Quantitative Monitoring of Software.” In <i>Software
    Verification</i>, 13124:3–6. LNCS. Springer Nature, 2022. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95561-8_1">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95561-8_1</a>.
  ieee: T. A. Henzinger, “Quantitative monitoring of software,” in <i>Software Verification</i>,
    New Haven, CT, United States, 2022, vol. 13124, pp. 3–6.
  ista: 'Henzinger TA. 2022. Quantitative monitoring of software. Software Verification.
    NSV: Numerical Software VerificationLNCS vol. 13124, 3–6.'
  mla: Henzinger, Thomas A. “Quantitative Monitoring of Software.” <i>Software Verification</i>,
    vol. 13124, Springer Nature, 2022, pp. 3–6, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95561-8_1">10.1007/978-3-030-95561-8_1</a>.
  short: T.A. Henzinger, in:, Software Verification, Springer Nature, 2022, pp. 3–6.
conference:
  end_date: 2021-10-19
  location: New Haven, CT, United States
  name: 'NSV: Numerical Software Verification'
  start_date: 2021-10-18
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2022-03-20T23:01:40Z
date_published: 2022-02-22T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-04-15T06:25:58Z
day: '22'
department:
- _id: ToHe
doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-95561-8_1
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000771713200001'
intvolume: '     13124'
isi: 1
language:
- iso: eng
month: '02'
oa_version: None
page: 3-6
project:
- _id: 25F42A32-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: FWF
  grant_number: Z211
  name: Formal methods for the design and analysis of complex systems
publication: Software Verification
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1611-3349
  isbn:
  - '9783030955601'
  issn:
  - 0302-9743
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
series_title: LNCS
status: public
title: Quantitative monitoring of software
type: conference
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 13124
year: '2022'
...