---
OA_type: closed access
_id: '21950'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: One Health initiatives are modern paradigms for research and health care practices
in various fields. Concrete definitions of the One Health framework, however,
remain heterogeneous, leading to conceptual problems and uncertainties in the
application of the framework. This article discusses several approaches to the
One Health concept, and their associated consequences, with special focus on animal
experimentation. The first issue addressed is how One Health should be defined,
as well as what (and who) should be considered within a One Health approach. In
order to shed further light on this, we explore the history of animals in biomedical
science, highlighting historical milestones in the use of animal models, as well
as the development and current state of ethical considerations in the field of
animal experimentation. The second issue comes with the inclusion of animal experimentation
per se as part of the One Health concept. Therefore, particular attention is paid
to bioethical principles and the resulting problems that can arise when applying
them to the One Health concept. Arguments such as the idea of inequality between
humans and non-human animals, and the premise that all actions are done for the
benefit of humans, are raised and then used to explore the question of whether
the One Health concept is compatible with existing bioethical principles. Based
on the bioethical principles of protecting the environment, the biodiversity and
biosphere, this paper seeks an inclusive perspective of the One Health concept.
Successful solutions will be based on this concept, which embraces all living
beings. The authors conclude that a multispecies ethics approach could help create
a more ethical ecosystem that is aligned with the wellbeing of all life on a shared
planet.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Yesim Isil
full_name: Ulman, Yesim Isil
last_name: Ulman
- first_name: Nikos
full_name: Kostomitsopoulos, Nikos
last_name: Kostomitsopoulos
- first_name: Samuel
full_name: Camenzind, Samuel
last_name: Camenzind
- first_name: Maria
full_name: Kitsara, Maria
last_name: Kitsara
- first_name: Ilja Richard
full_name: Pavone, Ilja Richard
last_name: Pavone
- first_name: Sophie
full_name: Schober, Sophie
id: 80b0a0ef-4b9f-11ec-b119-8d9d94c4a1d8
last_name: Schober
citation:
ama: 'Ulman YI, Kostomitsopoulos N, Camenzind S, Kitsara M, Pavone IR, Schober S.
Emerging bioethical conflicts: One Health and animal experimentation. Alternatives
to Laboratory Animals. 2026;54(4):226-235. doi:10.1177/02611929261453330'
apa: 'Ulman, Y. I., Kostomitsopoulos, N., Camenzind, S., Kitsara, M., Pavone, I.
R., & Schober, S. (2026). Emerging bioethical conflicts: One Health and animal
experimentation. Alternatives to Laboratory Animals. SAGE Publications.
https://doi.org/10.1177/02611929261453330'
chicago: 'Ulman, Yesim Isil, Nikos Kostomitsopoulos, Samuel Camenzind, Maria Kitsara,
Ilja Richard Pavone, and Sophie Schober. “Emerging Bioethical Conflicts: One Health
and Animal Experimentation.” Alternatives to Laboratory Animals. SAGE Publications,
2026. https://doi.org/10.1177/02611929261453330.'
ieee: 'Y. I. Ulman, N. Kostomitsopoulos, S. Camenzind, M. Kitsara, I. R. Pavone,
and S. Schober, “Emerging bioethical conflicts: One Health and animal experimentation,”
Alternatives to Laboratory Animals, vol. 54, no. 4. SAGE Publications,
pp. 226–235, 2026.'
ista: 'Ulman YI, Kostomitsopoulos N, Camenzind S, Kitsara M, Pavone IR, Schober
S. 2026. Emerging bioethical conflicts: One Health and animal experimentation.
Alternatives to Laboratory Animals. 54(4), 226–235.'
mla: 'Ulman, Yesim Isil, et al. “Emerging Bioethical Conflicts: One Health and Animal
Experimentation.” Alternatives to Laboratory Animals, vol. 54, no. 4, SAGE
Publications, 2026, pp. 226–35, doi:10.1177/02611929261453330.'
short: Y.I. Ulman, N. Kostomitsopoulos, S. Camenzind, M. Kitsara, I.R. Pavone, S.
Schober, Alternatives to Laboratory Animals 54 (2026) 226–235.
corr_author: '1'
das_tickbox: '1'
date_created: 2026-06-07T22:01:36Z
date_published: 2026-07-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-07-27T14:13:17Z
day: '01'
department:
- _id: PreCl
doi: 10.1177/02611929261453330
external_id:
pmid:
- '42185081'
intvolume: ' 54'
issue: '4'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '07'
oa_version: None
page: 226-235
pmid: 1
publication: Alternatives to Laboratory Animals
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2632-3559
issn:
- 0261-1929
publication_status: published
publisher: SAGE Publications
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Emerging bioethical conflicts: One Health and animal experimentation'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 54
year: '2026'
...
---
OA_type: closed access
_id: '18310'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Maria
full_name: Kitsara, Maria
last_name: Kitsara
- first_name: Merima
full_name: Smajlhodžić-Deljo, Merima
last_name: Smajlhodžić-Deljo
- first_name: Lejla
full_name: Gurbeta Pokvic, Lejla
last_name: Gurbeta Pokvic
- first_name: Bettina
full_name: Bert, Bettina
last_name: Bert
- first_name: Nataliia
full_name: Bubalo, Nataliia
last_name: Bubalo
- first_name: Sevilay
full_name: Erden, Sevilay
last_name: Erden
- first_name: Nuno Henrique
full_name: Franco, Nuno Henrique
last_name: Franco
- first_name: Giuseppe
full_name: Chirico, Giuseppe
last_name: Chirico
- first_name: Jonathan
full_name: Gómez Raja, Jonathan
last_name: Gómez Raja
- first_name: Fernando
full_name: Gonzalez-Uarquin, Fernando
last_name: Gonzalez-Uarquin
- first_name: Annemarie
full_name: Lang, Annemarie
last_name: Lang
- first_name: Nicole
full_name: Linklater, Nicole
last_name: Linklater
- first_name: Sandra
full_name: Mojsova, Sandra
last_name: Mojsova
- first_name: I. Anna S.
full_name: Olsson, I. Anna S.
last_name: Olsson
- first_name: Ioanna
full_name: Sandvig, Ioanna
last_name: Sandvig
- first_name: Alexandra
full_name: Schaffert, Alexandra
last_name: Schaffert
- first_name: Marthe
full_name: Schmit, Marthe
last_name: Schmit
- first_name: Sophie
full_name: Schober, Sophie
id: 80b0a0ef-4b9f-11ec-b119-8d9d94c4a1d8
last_name: Schober
- first_name: Bogdan
full_name: Sevastre, Bogdan
last_name: Sevastre
- first_name: Doris
full_name: Wilflingseder, Doris
last_name: Wilflingseder
- first_name: Arti
full_name: Ahluwalia, Arti
last_name: Ahluwalia
- first_name: Winfried
full_name: Neuhaus, Winfried
last_name: Neuhaus
citation:
ama: Kitsara M, Smajlhodžić-Deljo M, Gurbeta Pokvic L, et al. Introducing the COST
action ‘Improving the Quality of Biomedical Science with 3Rs Concepts’ (IMPROVE).
Alternatives to Laboratory Animals. 2024;52(6):326-333. doi:10.1177/02611929241286024
apa: Kitsara, M., Smajlhodžić-Deljo, M., Gurbeta Pokvic, L., Bert, B., Bubalo, N.,
Erden, S., … Neuhaus, W. (2024). Introducing the COST action ‘Improving the Quality
of Biomedical Science with 3Rs Concepts’ (IMPROVE). Alternatives to Laboratory
Animals. SAGE Publications. https://doi.org/10.1177/02611929241286024
chicago: Kitsara, Maria, Merima Smajlhodžić-Deljo, Lejla Gurbeta Pokvic, Bettina
Bert, Nataliia Bubalo, Sevilay Erden, Nuno Henrique Franco, et al. “Introducing
the COST Action ‘Improving the Quality of Biomedical Science with 3Rs Concepts’
(IMPROVE).” Alternatives to Laboratory Animals. SAGE Publications, 2024.
https://doi.org/10.1177/02611929241286024.
ieee: M. Kitsara et al., “Introducing the COST action ‘Improving the Quality
of Biomedical Science with 3Rs Concepts’ (IMPROVE),” Alternatives to Laboratory
Animals, vol. 52, no. 6. SAGE Publications, pp. 326–333, 2024.
ista: Kitsara M, Smajlhodžić-Deljo M, Gurbeta Pokvic L, Bert B, Bubalo N, Erden
S, Franco NH, Chirico G, Gómez Raja J, Gonzalez-Uarquin F, Lang A, Linklater N,
Mojsova S, Olsson IAS, Sandvig I, Schaffert A, Schmit M, Schober S, Sevastre B,
Wilflingseder D, Ahluwalia A, Neuhaus W. 2024. Introducing the COST action ‘Improving
the Quality of Biomedical Science with 3Rs Concepts’ (IMPROVE). Alternatives to
Laboratory Animals. 52(6), 326–333.
mla: Kitsara, Maria, et al. “Introducing the COST Action ‘Improving the Quality
of Biomedical Science with 3Rs Concepts’ (IMPROVE).” Alternatives to Laboratory
Animals, vol. 52, no. 6, SAGE Publications, 2024, pp. 326–33, doi:10.1177/02611929241286024.
short: M. Kitsara, M. Smajlhodžić-Deljo, L. Gurbeta Pokvic, B. Bert, N. Bubalo,
S. Erden, N.H. Franco, G. Chirico, J. Gómez Raja, F. Gonzalez-Uarquin, A. Lang,
N. Linklater, S. Mojsova, I.A.S. Olsson, I. Sandvig, A. Schaffert, M. Schmit,
S. Schober, B. Sevastre, D. Wilflingseder, A. Ahluwalia, W. Neuhaus, Alternatives
to Laboratory Animals 52 (2024) 326–333.
date_created: 2024-10-13T22:01:51Z
date_published: 2024-11-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-09-08T09:56:39Z
day: '01'
department:
- _id: PreCl
doi: 10.1177/02611929241286024
external_id:
isi:
- '001348633700007'
pmid:
- '39333027'
intvolume: ' 52'
isi: 1
issue: '6'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '11'
oa_version: None
page: 326-333
pmid: 1
publication: Alternatives to Laboratory Animals
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2632-3559
issn:
- 0261-1929
publication_status: published
publisher: SAGE Publications
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Introducing the COST action ‘Improving the Quality of Biomedical Science with
3Rs Concepts’ (IMPROVE)
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 52
year: '2024'
...