---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: hybrid
_id: '17474'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Entropic risk (ERisk) is an established risk measure in finance, quantifying
    risk by an exponential re-weighting of rewards. We study ERisk for the first time
    in the context of turn-based stochastic games with the total reward objective.
    This gives rise to an objective function that demands the control of systems in
    a risk-averse manner. We show that the resulting games are determined and, in
    particular, admit optimal memoryless deterministic strategies. This contrasts
    risk measures that previously have been considered in the special case of Markov
    decision processes and that require randomization and/or memory. We provide several
    results on the decidability and the computational complexity of the threshold
    problem, i.e. whether the optimal value of ERisk exceeds a given threshold. Furthermore,
    an approximation algorithm for the optimal value of ERisk is provided.
acknowledgement: Krishnendu Chatterjee reports financial support was provided by European
  Research Council.
article_number: '105214'
article_processing_charge: Yes (in subscription journal)
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Christel
  full_name: Baier, Christel
  last_name: Baier
- first_name: Krishnendu
  full_name: Chatterjee, Krishnendu
  id: 2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Chatterjee
  orcid: 0000-0002-4561-241X
- first_name: Tobias
  full_name: Meggendorfer, Tobias
  id: b21b0c15-30a2-11eb-80dc-f13ca25802e1
  last_name: Meggendorfer
  orcid: 0000-0002-1712-2165
- first_name: Jakob
  full_name: Piribauer, Jakob
  last_name: Piribauer
citation:
  ama: Baier C, Chatterjee K, Meggendorfer T, Piribauer J. Entropic risk for turn-based
    stochastic games. <i>Information and Computation</i>. 2024;301. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ic.2024.105214">10.1016/j.ic.2024.105214</a>
  apa: Baier, C., Chatterjee, K., Meggendorfer, T., &#38; Piribauer, J. (2024). Entropic
    risk for turn-based stochastic games. <i>Information and Computation</i>. Elsevier.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ic.2024.105214">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ic.2024.105214</a>
  chicago: Baier, Christel, Krishnendu Chatterjee, Tobias Meggendorfer, and Jakob
    Piribauer. “Entropic Risk for Turn-Based Stochastic Games.” <i>Information and
    Computation</i>. Elsevier, 2024. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ic.2024.105214">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ic.2024.105214</a>.
  ieee: C. Baier, K. Chatterjee, T. Meggendorfer, and J. Piribauer, “Entropic risk
    for turn-based stochastic games,” <i>Information and Computation</i>, vol. 301.
    Elsevier, 2024.
  ista: Baier C, Chatterjee K, Meggendorfer T, Piribauer J. 2024. Entropic risk for
    turn-based stochastic games. Information and Computation. 301, 105214.
  mla: Baier, Christel, et al. “Entropic Risk for Turn-Based Stochastic Games.” <i>Information
    and Computation</i>, vol. 301, 105214, Elsevier, 2024, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ic.2024.105214">10.1016/j.ic.2024.105214</a>.
  short: C. Baier, K. Chatterjee, T. Meggendorfer, J. Piribauer, Information and Computation
    301 (2024).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2024-09-01T22:01:07Z
date_published: 2024-12-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-09-08T09:10:06Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: KrCh
doi: 10.1016/j.ic.2024.105214
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '2307.06611'
  isi:
  - '001301143400001'
file:
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month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Information and Computation
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1090-2651
  issn:
  - 0890-5401
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
  record:
  - id: '14417'
    relation: earlier_version
    status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Entropic risk for turn-based stochastic games
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 301
year: '2024'
...
---
_id: '11756'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: We give two fully dynamic algorithms that maintain a (1 + ε)-approximation
    of the weight M of a minimum spanning forest (MSF) of an n-node graph G with edges
    weights in [1, W ], for any ε > 0. (1) Our deterministic algorithm takes O (W
    2 log W /ε3) worst-case update time, which is O (1) if both W and ε are constants.
    (2) Our randomized (Monte-Carlo style) algorithm works with high probability and
    runs in worst-case O (log W /ε4) update time if W = O ((m∗)1/6/log2/3 n), where
    m∗ is the minimum number of edges in the graph throughout all the updates. It
    works even against an adaptive adversary. We complement our algorithmic results
    with two cell-probe lower bounds for dynamically maintaining an approximation
    of the weight of an MSF of a graph.
article_number: '104805'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Monika H
  full_name: Henzinger, Monika H
  id: 540c9bbd-f2de-11ec-812d-d04a5be85630
  last_name: Henzinger
  orcid: 0000-0002-5008-6530
- first_name: Pan
  full_name: Peng, Pan
  last_name: Peng
citation:
  ama: Henzinger M, Peng P. Constant-time dynamic weight approximation for minimum
    spanning forest. <i>Information and Computation</i>. 2021;281(12). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ic.2021.104805">10.1016/j.ic.2021.104805</a>
  apa: Henzinger, M., &#38; Peng, P. (2021). Constant-time dynamic weight approximation
    for minimum spanning forest. <i>Information and Computation</i>. Elsevier. <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ic.2021.104805">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ic.2021.104805</a>
  chicago: Henzinger, Monika, and Pan Peng. “Constant-Time Dynamic Weight Approximation
    for Minimum Spanning Forest.” <i>Information and Computation</i>. Elsevier, 2021.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ic.2021.104805">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ic.2021.104805</a>.
  ieee: M. Henzinger and P. Peng, “Constant-time dynamic weight approximation for
    minimum spanning forest,” <i>Information and Computation</i>, vol. 281, no. 12.
    Elsevier, 2021.
  ista: Henzinger M, Peng P. 2021. Constant-time dynamic weight approximation for
    minimum spanning forest. Information and Computation. 281(12), 104805.
  mla: Henzinger, Monika, and Pan Peng. “Constant-Time Dynamic Weight Approximation
    for Minimum Spanning Forest.” <i>Information and Computation</i>, vol. 281, no.
    12, 104805, Elsevier, 2021, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ic.2021.104805">10.1016/j.ic.2021.104805</a>.
  short: M. Henzinger, P. Peng, Information and Computation 281 (2021).
date_created: 2022-08-08T10:58:29Z
date_published: 2021-12-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-11-06T12:09:22Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1016/j.ic.2021.104805
extern: '1'
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '2011.00977'
intvolume: '       281'
issue: '12'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://arxiv.org/abs/2011.00977
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
publication: Information and Computation
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0890-5401
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Constant-time dynamic weight approximation for minimum spanning forest
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 281
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '11757'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: We develop a dynamic version of the primal-dual method for optimization problems,
    and apply it to obtain the following results. (1) For the dynamic set-cover problem,
    we maintain an O ( f 2)-approximately optimal solution in O ( f · log(m + n))
    amortized update time, where f is the maximum “frequency” of an element, n is
    the number of sets, and m is the maximum number of elements in the universe at
    any point in time. (2) For the dynamic b-matching problem, we maintain an O (1)-approximately
    optimal solution in O (log3 n) amortized update time, where n is the number of
    nodes in the graph.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Sayan
  full_name: Bhattacharya, Sayan
  last_name: Bhattacharya
- first_name: Monika H
  full_name: Henzinger, Monika H
  id: 540c9bbd-f2de-11ec-812d-d04a5be85630
  last_name: Henzinger
  orcid: 0000-0002-5008-6530
- first_name: Giuseppe
  full_name: Italiano, Giuseppe
  last_name: Italiano
citation:
  ama: Bhattacharya S, Henzinger M, Italiano G. Dynamic algorithms via the primal-dual
    method. <i>Information and Computation</i>. 2018;261(08):219-239. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ic.2018.02.005">10.1016/j.ic.2018.02.005</a>
  apa: Bhattacharya, S., Henzinger, M., &#38; Italiano, G. (2018). Dynamic algorithms
    via the primal-dual method. <i>Information and Computation</i>. Elsevier. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ic.2018.02.005">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ic.2018.02.005</a>
  chicago: Bhattacharya, Sayan, Monika Henzinger, and Giuseppe Italiano. “Dynamic
    Algorithms via the Primal-Dual Method.” <i>Information and Computation</i>. Elsevier,
    2018. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ic.2018.02.005">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ic.2018.02.005</a>.
  ieee: S. Bhattacharya, M. Henzinger, and G. Italiano, “Dynamic algorithms via the
    primal-dual method,” <i>Information and Computation</i>, vol. 261, no. 08. Elsevier,
    pp. 219–239, 2018.
  ista: Bhattacharya S, Henzinger M, Italiano G. 2018. Dynamic algorithms via the
    primal-dual method. Information and Computation. 261(08), 219–239.
  mla: Bhattacharya, Sayan, et al. “Dynamic Algorithms via the Primal-Dual Method.”
    <i>Information and Computation</i>, vol. 261, no. 08, Elsevier, 2018, pp. 219–39,
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ic.2018.02.005">10.1016/j.ic.2018.02.005</a>.
  short: S. Bhattacharya, M. Henzinger, G. Italiano, Information and Computation 261
    (2018) 219–239.
date_created: 2022-08-08T11:20:03Z
date_published: 2018-08-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-11-06T08:13:33Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1016/j.ic.2018.02.005
extern: '1'
intvolume: '       261'
issue: '08'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ic.2018.02.005
month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 219-239
publication: Information and Computation
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0890-5401
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Dynamic algorithms via the primal-dual method
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 261
year: '2018'
...
---
_id: '681'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Two-player games on graphs provide the theoretical framework for many important
    problems such as reactive synthesis. While the traditional study of two-player
    zero-sum games has been extended to multi-player games with several notions of
    equilibria, they are decidable only for perfect-information games, whereas several
    applications require imperfect-information. In this paper we propose a new notion
    of equilibria, called doomsday equilibria, which is a strategy profile where all
    players satisfy their own objective, and if any coalition of players deviates
    and violates even one of the players' objective, then the objective of every player
    is violated. We present algorithms and complexity results for deciding the existence
    of doomsday equilibria for various classes of ω-regular objectives, both for imperfect-information
    games, and for perfect-information games. We provide optimal complexity bounds
    for imperfect-information games, and in most cases for perfect-information games.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Krishnendu
  full_name: Chatterjee, Krishnendu
  id: 2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Chatterjee
  orcid: 0000-0002-4561-241X
- first_name: Laurent
  full_name: Doyen, Laurent
  last_name: Doyen
- first_name: Emmanuel
  full_name: Filiot, Emmanuel
  last_name: Filiot
- first_name: Jean
  full_name: Raskin, Jean
  last_name: Raskin
citation:
  ama: Chatterjee K, Doyen L, Filiot E, Raskin J. Doomsday equilibria for omega-regular
    games. <i>Information and Computation</i>. 2017;254:296-315. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ic.2016.10.012">10.1016/j.ic.2016.10.012</a>
  apa: Chatterjee, K., Doyen, L., Filiot, E., &#38; Raskin, J. (2017). Doomsday equilibria
    for omega-regular games. <i>Information and Computation</i>. Elsevier. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ic.2016.10.012">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ic.2016.10.012</a>
  chicago: Chatterjee, Krishnendu, Laurent Doyen, Emmanuel Filiot, and Jean Raskin.
    “Doomsday Equilibria for Omega-Regular Games.” <i>Information and Computation</i>.
    Elsevier, 2017. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ic.2016.10.012">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ic.2016.10.012</a>.
  ieee: K. Chatterjee, L. Doyen, E. Filiot, and J. Raskin, “Doomsday equilibria for
    omega-regular games,” <i>Information and Computation</i>, vol. 254. Elsevier,
    pp. 296–315, 2017.
  ista: Chatterjee K, Doyen L, Filiot E, Raskin J. 2017. Doomsday equilibria for omega-regular
    games. Information and Computation. 254, 296–315.
  mla: Chatterjee, Krishnendu, et al. “Doomsday Equilibria for Omega-Regular Games.”
    <i>Information and Computation</i>, vol. 254, Elsevier, 2017, pp. 296–315, doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ic.2016.10.012">10.1016/j.ic.2016.10.012</a>.
  short: K. Chatterjee, L. Doyen, E. Filiot, J. Raskin, Information and Computation
    254 (2017) 296–315.
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:47:53Z
date_published: 2017-06-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-04-16T10:00:03Z
day: '01'
department:
- _id: KrCh
doi: 10.1016/j.ic.2016.10.012
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '1311.3238'
  isi:
  - '000402025600008'
intvolume: '       254'
isi: 1
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1311.3238
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Submitted Version
page: 296 - 315
project:
- _id: 2584A770-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: FWF
  grant_number: P 23499-N23
  name: Modern Graph Algorithmic Techniques in Formal Verification
- _id: 25863FF4-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: FWF
  grant_number: S11407
  name: Game Theory
- _id: 2581B60A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: FP7
  grant_number: '279307'
  name: 'Quantitative Graph Games: Theory and Applications'
- _id: 25681D80-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: FP7
  grant_number: '291734'
  name: International IST Postdoc Fellowship Programme
publication: Information and Computation
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0890-5401
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
publist_id: '7036'
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
  record:
  - id: '10885'
    relation: earlier_version
    status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Doomsday equilibria for omega-regular games
type: journal_article
user_id: ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd
volume: 254
year: '2017'
...
---
_id: '11758'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: letter_note
author:
- first_name: Luca
  full_name: Aceto, Luca
  last_name: Aceto
- first_name: Monika H
  full_name: Henzinger, Monika H
  id: 540c9bbd-f2de-11ec-812d-d04a5be85630
  last_name: Henzinger
  orcid: 0000-0002-5008-6530
- first_name: Jiří
  full_name: Sgall, Jiří
  last_name: Sgall
citation:
  ama: Aceto L, Henzinger M, Sgall J. 38th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages
    and Programming. <i>Information and Computation</i>. 2013;222(1):1. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ic.2012.11.002">10.1016/j.ic.2012.11.002</a>
  apa: Aceto, L., Henzinger, M., &#38; Sgall, J. (2013). 38th International Colloquium
    on Automata, Languages and Programming. <i>Information and Computation</i>. Elsevier.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ic.2012.11.002">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ic.2012.11.002</a>
  chicago: Aceto, Luca, Monika Henzinger, and Jiří Sgall. “38th International Colloquium
    on Automata, Languages and Programming.” <i>Information and Computation</i>. Elsevier,
    2013. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ic.2012.11.002">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ic.2012.11.002</a>.
  ieee: L. Aceto, M. Henzinger, and J. Sgall, “38th International Colloquium on Automata,
    Languages and Programming,” <i>Information and Computation</i>, vol. 222, no.
    1. Elsevier, p. 1, 2013.
  ista: Aceto L, Henzinger M, Sgall J. 2013. 38th International Colloquium on Automata,
    Languages and Programming. Information and Computation. 222(1), 1.
  mla: Aceto, Luca, et al. “38th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and
    Programming.” <i>Information and Computation</i>, vol. 222, no. 1, Elsevier, 2013,
    p. 1, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ic.2012.11.002">10.1016/j.ic.2012.11.002</a>.
  short: L. Aceto, M. Henzinger, J. Sgall, Information and Computation 222 (2013)
    1.
date_created: 2022-08-08T11:25:34Z
date_published: 2013-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-11-06T12:01:32Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1016/j.ic.2012.11.002
extern: '1'
intvolume: '       222'
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '01'
oa_version: None
page: '1'
publication: Information and Computation
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0890-5401
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 38th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 222
year: '2013'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: free access
_id: '4556'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: We study the problem of determining stack boundedness and the exact maximum
    stack size for three classes of interrupt-driven programs. Interrupt-driven programs
    are used in many real-time applications that require responsive interrupt handling.
    In order to ensure responsiveness, programmers often enable interrupt processing
    in the body of lower-priority interrupt handlers. In such programs a programming
    error can allow interrupt handlers to be interrupted in a cyclic fashion to lead
    to an unbounded stack, causing the system to crash. For a restricted class of
    interrupt-driven programs, we show that there is a polynomial-time procedure to
    check stack boundedness, while determining the exact maximum stack size is PSPACE-complete.
    For a larger class of programs, the two problems are both PSPACE-complete, and
    for the largest class of programs we consider, the two problems are PSPACE-hard
    and can be solved in exponential time. While the complexities are high, our algorithms
    are exponential only in the number of handlers, and polynomial in the size of
    the program.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Krishnendu
  full_name: Chatterjee, Krishnendu
  id: 2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Chatterjee
  orcid: 0000-0002-4561-241X
- first_name: Di
  full_name: Ma, Di
  last_name: Ma
- first_name: Ritankar
  full_name: Majumdar, Ritankar
  last_name: Majumdar
- first_name: Tian
  full_name: Zhao, Tian
  last_name: Zhao
- first_name: Thomas A
  full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A
  id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Henzinger
  orcid: 0000−0002−2985−7724
- first_name: Jens
  full_name: Palsberg, Jens
  last_name: Palsberg
citation:
  ama: Chatterjee K, Ma D, Majumdar R, Zhao T, Henzinger TA, Palsberg J. Stack size
    analysis for interrupt-driven programs. <i>Information and Computation</i>. 2004;194(2):144-174.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ic.2004.06.001">10.1016/j.ic.2004.06.001</a>
  apa: Chatterjee, K., Ma, D., Majumdar, R., Zhao, T., Henzinger, T. A., &#38; Palsberg,
    J. (2004). Stack size analysis for interrupt-driven programs. <i>Information and
    Computation</i>. Elsevier. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ic.2004.06.001">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ic.2004.06.001</a>
  chicago: Chatterjee, Krishnendu, Di Ma, Ritankar Majumdar, Tian Zhao, Thomas A Henzinger,
    and Jens Palsberg. “Stack Size Analysis for Interrupt-Driven Programs.” <i>Information
    and Computation</i>. Elsevier, 2004. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ic.2004.06.001">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ic.2004.06.001</a>.
  ieee: K. Chatterjee, D. Ma, R. Majumdar, T. Zhao, T. A. Henzinger, and J. Palsberg,
    “Stack size analysis for interrupt-driven programs,” <i>Information and Computation</i>,
    vol. 194, no. 2. Elsevier, pp. 144–174, 2004.
  ista: Chatterjee K, Ma D, Majumdar R, Zhao T, Henzinger TA, Palsberg J. 2004. Stack
    size analysis for interrupt-driven programs. Information and Computation. 194(2),
    144–174.
  mla: Chatterjee, Krishnendu, et al. “Stack Size Analysis for Interrupt-Driven Programs.”
    <i>Information and Computation</i>, vol. 194, no. 2, Elsevier, 2004, pp. 144–74,
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ic.2004.06.001">10.1016/j.ic.2004.06.001</a>.
  short: K. Chatterjee, D. Ma, R. Majumdar, T. Zhao, T.A. Henzinger, J. Palsberg,
    Information and Computation 194 (2004) 144–174.
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:09:28Z
date_published: 2004-11-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-05-29T09:10:28Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1016/j.ic.2004.06.001
extern: '1'
intvolume: '       194'
issue: '2'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ic.2004.06.001
month: '11'
oa: 1
oa_version: Accepted Version
page: 144 - 174
publication: Information and Computation
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1090-2651
  issn:
  - 0890-5401
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
publist_id: '156'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Stack size analysis for interrupt-driven programs
type: journal_article
user_id: ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd
volume: 194
year: '2004'
...
---
_id: '4474'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'The simulation preorder for labeled transition systems is defined locally,
    and operationally, as a game that relates states with their immediate successor
    states. Simulation enjoys many appealing properties. First, simulation has a denotational
    characterization: system S simulates system I iff every computation tree embedded
    in the unrolling of I can be embedded also in the unrolling of S. Second, simulation
    has a logical characterization: S simulates I iff every universal branching-time
    formula satisfied by S is satisfied also by I. It follows that simulation is a
    suitable notion of implementation, and it is the coarsest abstraction of a system
    that preserves universal branching-time properties. Third, based on its local
    definition, simulation between finite-state systems can be checked in polynomial
    time. Finally, simulation implies trace containment, which cannot be defined locally
    and requires polynomial space for verification. Hence simulation is widely used
    both in manual and in automatic verification. Liveness assumptions about transition
    systems are typically modeled using fairness constraints. Existing notions of
    simulation for fair transition systems, however, are not local, and as a result,
    many appealing properties of the simulation preorder are lost. We propose a new
    view of fair simulation by extending the local definition of simulation to account
    for fairness: system View the MathML sourcefairly simulates system View the MathML
    source iff in the simulation game, there is a strategy that matches with each
    fair computation of View the MathML source a fair computation of View the MathML
    source. Our definition enjoys a denotational characterization and has a logical
    characterization: View the MathML source fairly simulates View the MathML source
    iff every fair computation tree (whose infinite paths are fair) embedded in the
    unrolling of View the MathML source can be embedded also in the unrolling of View
    the MathML source or, equivalently, iff every Fair-∀AFMC formula satisfied by
    View the MathML source is satisfied also by View the MathML source (∀AFMC is the
    universal fragment of the alternation-free μ-calculus). The locality of the definition
    leads us to a polynomial-time algorithm for checking fair simulation for finite-state
    systems with weak and strong fairness constraints. Finally, fair simulation implies
    fair trace containment and is therefore useful as an efficiently computable local
    criterion for proving linear-time abstraction hierarchies of fair systems.'
acknowledgement: We thank Ramin Hojati, Doron Bustan, and the anonymous reviewers
  for their comments on this paper.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Thomas A
  full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A
  id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Henzinger
  orcid: 0000−0002−2985−7724
- first_name: Orna
  full_name: Kupferman, Orna
  last_name: Kupferman
- first_name: Sriram
  full_name: Rajamani, Sriram
  last_name: Rajamani
citation:
  ama: Henzinger TA, Kupferman O, Rajamani S. Fair simulation. <i>Information and
    Computation</i>. 2002;173(1):64-81. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1006/inco.2001.3085">10.1006/inco.2001.3085</a>
  apa: Henzinger, T. A., Kupferman, O., &#38; Rajamani, S. (2002). Fair simulation.
    <i>Information and Computation</i>. Elsevier. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1006/inco.2001.3085">https://doi.org/10.1006/inco.2001.3085</a>
  chicago: Henzinger, Thomas A, Orna Kupferman, and Sriram Rajamani. “Fair Simulation.”
    <i>Information and Computation</i>. Elsevier, 2002. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1006/inco.2001.3085">https://doi.org/10.1006/inco.2001.3085</a>.
  ieee: T. A. Henzinger, O. Kupferman, and S. Rajamani, “Fair simulation,” <i>Information
    and Computation</i>, vol. 173, no. 1. Elsevier, pp. 64–81, 2002.
  ista: Henzinger TA, Kupferman O, Rajamani S. 2002. Fair simulation. Information
    and Computation. 173(1), 64–81.
  mla: Henzinger, Thomas A., et al. “Fair Simulation.” <i>Information and Computation</i>,
    vol. 173, no. 1, Elsevier, 2002, pp. 64–81, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1006/inco.2001.3085">10.1006/inco.2001.3085</a>.
  short: T.A. Henzinger, O. Kupferman, S. Rajamani, Information and Computation 173
    (2002) 64–81.
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:09:02Z
date_published: 2002-02-25T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-06-05T07:53:27Z
day: '25'
doi: 10.1006/inco.2001.3085
extern: '1'
intvolume: '       173'
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0890540101930858?via%3Dihub
month: '02'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 64 - 81
publication: Information and Computation
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0890-5401
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
publist_id: '255'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Fair simulation
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 173
year: '2002'
...
---
_id: '4501'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'We extend the specification language of temporal logic, the corresponding
    verification framework, and the underlying computational model to deal with real-;time
    properties of reactive systems. The abstract notion of timed transition systems
    generalizes traditional transition systems conservatively: qualitative fairness
    requirements are replaced (and superseded) by quantitative lower-bound and upper-bound
    timing constraints on transitions. This framework can model real-time systems
    that communicate either through shared variables or by message passing and real-time
    issues such as timeouts, process priorities (interrupts), and process scheduling.
    We exhibit two styles for the specification of real-time systems. While the first
    approach uses time-bounded versions of the temporal operators, the second approach
    allows explicit references to time through a special clock variable. Corresponding
    to the two styles of specification, we present and compare two different proof
    methodologies for the verification of timing requirements that are expressed in
    these styles. For the bounded-operator style, we provide a set of proof rules
    for establishing bounded-invariance and bounded-responce properties of timed transition
    systems. This approach generalizes the standard temporal proof rules for verifying
    invariance and response properties conservatively. For the explicit-clock style,
    we exploit the observation that every time-bounded property is a safety property
    and use the standard temporal proof rules for establishing safety properties.'
acknowledgement: 'This research was supported in part by an IBM graduate fellowship,
  by the National Science Foundation under Grants CCR-9223226 and CCR-9200794. by
  the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency under Contract N00039-84-C-0211. by
  the United States Air Force OMee of Scientific Research under Contracts F49620-93-141139
  and F4962043-1-0056. and by the European Community ESPRIT Basic Research Action
  Project 6021 (REACT). A preliminary version of Part 1 of this paper appeared in
  the proceedings of the 1991 REX Workshop on Real Time Theory In Prate [HMP92a I
  a preliminary version of Part II appeared in the proceedings of the 1991 ACM Symposium
  on Principles of Programming Languages RIMP911. '
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Thomas A
  full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A
  id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Henzinger
  orcid: 0000−0002−2985−7724
- first_name: Zohar
  full_name: Manna, Zohar
  last_name: Manna
- first_name: Amir
  full_name: Pnueli, Amir
  last_name: Pnueli
citation:
  ama: Henzinger TA, Manna Z, Pnueli A. Temporal proof methodologies for timed transition
    systems. <i>Information and Computation</i>. 1994;112(2):273-337. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1006/inco.1994.1060">10.1006/inco.1994.1060</a>
  apa: Henzinger, T. A., Manna, Z., &#38; Pnueli, A. (1994). Temporal proof methodologies
    for timed transition systems. <i>Information and Computation</i>. Elsevier. <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1006/inco.1994.1060">https://doi.org/10.1006/inco.1994.1060</a>
  chicago: Henzinger, Thomas A, Zohar Manna, and Amir Pnueli. “Temporal Proof Methodologies
    for Timed Transition Systems.” <i>Information and Computation</i>. Elsevier, 1994.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1006/inco.1994.1060">https://doi.org/10.1006/inco.1994.1060</a>.
  ieee: T. A. Henzinger, Z. Manna, and A. Pnueli, “Temporal proof methodologies for
    timed transition systems,” <i>Information and Computation</i>, vol. 112, no. 2.
    Elsevier, pp. 273–337, 1994.
  ista: Henzinger TA, Manna Z, Pnueli A. 1994. Temporal proof methodologies for timed
    transition systems. Information and Computation. 112(2), 273–337.
  mla: Henzinger, Thomas A., et al. “Temporal Proof Methodologies for Timed Transition
    Systems.” <i>Information and Computation</i>, vol. 112, no. 2, Elsevier, 1994,
    pp. 273–337, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1006/inco.1994.1060">10.1006/inco.1994.1060</a>.
  short: T.A. Henzinger, Z. Manna, A. Pnueli, Information and Computation 112 (1994)
    273–337.
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:09:10Z
date_published: 1994-08-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-06-02T09:24:58Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1006/inco.1994.1060
extern: '1'
intvolume: '       112'
issue: '2'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0890540184710601?via%3Dihub
month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: None
page: 273 - 337
publication: Information and Computation
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0890-5401
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
publist_id: '227'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Temporal proof methodologies for timed transition systems
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 112
year: '1994'
...
---
_id: '4503'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'We describe finite-state programs over real-numbered time in a guarded-command
    language with real-valued clocks or, equivalently, as finite automata with real-valued
    clocks. Model checking answers the question which states of a real-time program
    satisfy a branching-time specification (given in an extension of CTL with clock
    variables). We develop an algorithm that computes this set of states symbolically
    as a fixpoint of a functional on state predicates, without constructing the state
    space. For this purpose, we introduce a μ-calculus on computation trees over real-numbered
    time. Unfortunately, many standard program properties, such as response for all
    nonzeno execution sequences (during which time diverges), cannot be characterized
    by fixpoints: we show that the expressiveness of the timed μ-calculus is incomparable
    to the expressiveness of timed CTL. Fortunately, this result does not impair the
    symbolic verification of &quot;implementable&quot; real-time programs-those whose
    safety constraints are machine-closed with respect to diverging time and whose
    fairness constraints are restricted to finite upper bounds on clock values. All
    timed CTL properties of such programs are shown to be computable as finitely approximable
    fixpoints in a simple decidable theory.'
acknowledgement: We thank Peter Kopke for a careful reading.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Thomas A
  full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A
  id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Henzinger
  orcid: 0000−0002−2985−7724
- first_name: Xavier
  full_name: Nicollin, Xavier
  last_name: Nicollin
- first_name: Joseph
  full_name: Sifakis, Joseph
  last_name: Sifakis
- first_name: Sergio
  full_name: Yovine, Sergio
  last_name: Yovine
citation:
  ama: Henzinger TA, Nicollin X, Sifakis J, Yovine S. Symbolic model checking for
    real-time systems. <i>Information and Computation</i>. 1994;111(2):193-244. doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1006/inco.1994.1045">10.1006/inco.1994.1045</a>
  apa: Henzinger, T. A., Nicollin, X., Sifakis, J., &#38; Yovine, S. (1994). Symbolic
    model checking for real-time systems. <i>Information and Computation</i>. Elsevier.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1006/inco.1994.1045">https://doi.org/10.1006/inco.1994.1045</a>
  chicago: Henzinger, Thomas A, Xavier Nicollin, Joseph Sifakis, and Sergio Yovine.
    “Symbolic Model Checking for Real-Time Systems.” <i>Information and Computation</i>.
    Elsevier, 1994. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1006/inco.1994.1045">https://doi.org/10.1006/inco.1994.1045</a>.
  ieee: T. A. Henzinger, X. Nicollin, J. Sifakis, and S. Yovine, “Symbolic model checking
    for real-time systems,” <i>Information and Computation</i>, vol. 111, no. 2. Elsevier,
    pp. 193–244, 1994.
  ista: Henzinger TA, Nicollin X, Sifakis J, Yovine S. 1994. Symbolic model checking
    for real-time systems. Information and Computation. 111(2), 193–244.
  mla: Henzinger, Thomas A., et al. “Symbolic Model Checking for Real-Time Systems.”
    <i>Information and Computation</i>, vol. 111, no. 2, Elsevier, 1994, pp. 193–244,
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1006/inco.1994.1045">10.1006/inco.1994.1045</a>.
  short: T.A. Henzinger, X. Nicollin, J. Sifakis, S. Yovine, Information and Computation
    111 (1994) 193–244.
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:09:11Z
date_published: 1994-06-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-06-02T09:02:02Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1006/inco.1994.1045
extern: '1'
intvolume: '       111'
issue: '2'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0890540184710455?via%3Dihub
month: '06'
oa_version: None
page: 193 - 244
publication: Information and Computation
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0890-5401
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
publist_id: '226'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Symbolic model checking for real-time systems
type: journal_article
user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17
volume: 111
year: '1994'
...
