---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: hybrid
PlanS_conform: '1'
_id: '22462'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Enhanced rock weathering (ERW) is an emerging carbon dioxide removal (CDR)
    strategy that can support net-zero emission targets. However, current ERW modelling
    efforts rely on assumptions that introduce substantial variation in CDR estimates
    across varying ecosystems and hydroclimatic conditions. They typically ignore
    or oversimplify plant–soil interactions and high-frequency hydrological dynamics,
    obscuring short-term weathering responses and biotic feedbacks to soil moisture
    dynamics. Here, we introduce an integrated, process-based modelling framework,
    T&C-SMEW, which represents ecohydrological and ERW dynamics, along with microbially
    explicit biogeochemical processes. We compared framework simulations against a
    controlled mesocosm experiment and long-term field observations, demonstrating
    its ability to reproduce feedstock cation release, soil pH dynamics, gross primary
    production, and CO2 fluxes. T&C-SMEW reveals hydrological constraints and vegetation
    effects on ERW-mediated CDR by quantifying impacts on ecosystem respiration, net
    ecosystem exchange, and alkalinity export, emphasising the importance of ecohydrological
    modelling for ecosystem-level CDR estimation. These advances provide a modelling
    framework for identifying optimal deployment scenarios to establish ERW as a viable
    and operationally feasible CDR approach.
article_number: e70650
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Ziyan
  full_name: Zhang, Ziyan
  last_name: Zhang
- first_name: Gregory
  full_name: Jones, Gregory
  last_name: Jones
- first_name: Salvatore
  full_name: Calabrese, Salvatore
  last_name: Calabrese
- first_name: Matteo
  full_name: Bertagni, Matteo
  last_name: Bertagni
- first_name: Simone
  full_name: Fatichi, Simone
  id: cf8e546b-a9b0-11f0-a43b-aa89ed1b56d6
  last_name: Fatichi
- first_name: Bonnie
  full_name: Waring, Bonnie
  last_name: Waring
- first_name: Athanasios
  full_name: Paschalis, Athanasios
  last_name: Paschalis
citation:
  ama: Zhang Z, Jones G, Calabrese S, et al. An integrated modelling framework to
    determine terrestrial carbon dioxide removal via enhanced rock weathering. <i>Global
    Change Biology</i>. 2025;31(12). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70650">10.1111/gcb.70650</a>
  apa: Zhang, Z., Jones, G., Calabrese, S., Bertagni, M., Fatichi, S., Waring, B.,
    &#38; Paschalis, A. (2025). An integrated modelling framework to determine terrestrial
    carbon dioxide removal via enhanced rock weathering. <i>Global Change Biology</i>.
    Wiley. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70650">https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70650</a>
  chicago: Zhang, Ziyan, Gregory Jones, Salvatore Calabrese, Matteo Bertagni, Simone
    Fatichi, Bonnie Waring, and Athanasios Paschalis. “An Integrated Modelling Framework
    to Determine Terrestrial Carbon Dioxide Removal via Enhanced Rock Weathering.”
    <i>Global Change Biology</i>. Wiley, 2025. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70650">https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70650</a>.
  ieee: Z. Zhang <i>et al.</i>, “An integrated modelling framework to determine terrestrial
    carbon dioxide removal via enhanced rock weathering,” <i>Global Change Biology</i>,
    vol. 31, no. 12. Wiley, 2025.
  ista: Zhang Z, Jones G, Calabrese S, Bertagni M, Fatichi S, Waring B, Paschalis
    A. 2025. An integrated modelling framework to determine terrestrial carbon dioxide
    removal via enhanced rock weathering. Global Change Biology. 31(12), e70650.
  mla: Zhang, Ziyan, et al. “An Integrated Modelling Framework to Determine Terrestrial
    Carbon Dioxide Removal via Enhanced Rock Weathering.” <i>Global Change Biology</i>,
    vol. 31, no. 12, e70650, Wiley, 2025, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70650">10.1111/gcb.70650</a>.
  short: Z. Zhang, G. Jones, S. Calabrese, M. Bertagni, S. Fatichi, B. Waring, A.
    Paschalis, Global Change Biology 31 (2025).
das_tickbox: '1'
date_created: 2026-07-27T12:30:23Z
date_published: 2025-12-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-07-30T11:54:40Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '550'
doi: 10.1111/gcb.70650
extern: '1'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70650
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        31'
issue: '12'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70650
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Global Change Biology
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1365-2486
  issn:
  - 1354-1013
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: An integrated modelling framework to determine terrestrial carbon dioxide removal
  via enhanced rock weathering
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 31
year: '2025'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: hybrid
PlanS_conform: '1'
_id: '22491'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE)
    is an important variable mediating microbial effects on soil organic carbon (SOC)
    since it summarizes how much carbon is used for microbial growth or is respired.
    Yet, the role of CUE in regulating SOC storage remains debated, with evidence
    for both positive and negative SOC‐CUE relations. Here, we use a combination of
    measured data around the world and numerical simulations to explore SOC‐CUE relations
    accounting for temperature (T) effects on CUE. Results reveal that the sign of
    the CUE‐T relation controls the direction of the SOC‐CUE relations. A negative
    CUE‐T relation leads to a positive SOC‐CUE relation and vice versa, highlighting
    that CUE‐T patterns significantly affect how organic carbon is used by microbes
    and hence SOC‐CUE relations. Numerical results also confirm the observed negative
    SOC‐T relation, regardless of the CUE‐T patterns, implying that temperature plays
    a more dominant role than CUE in controlling SOC storage. The SOC‐CUE relation
    is usually negative when temperature effects are isolated, even though it can
    become positive when nonlinear microbial turnover is considered. These results
    indicate a dominant role of CUE‐T patterns in controlling the SOC‐CUE relation.
    Our findings help to better understand SOC and microbial responses to a warming
    climate.</jats:p>
article_number: e17492
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Zhaoyang
  full_name: Luo, Zhaoyang
  last_name: Luo
- first_name: Jianning
  full_name: Ren, Jianning
  last_name: Ren
- first_name: Stefano
  full_name: Manzoni, Stefano
  last_name: Manzoni
- first_name: Simone
  full_name: Fatichi, Simone
  id: cf8e546b-a9b0-11f0-a43b-aa89ed1b56d6
  last_name: Fatichi
citation:
  ama: Luo Z, Ren J, Manzoni S, Fatichi S. Temperature controls the relation between
    soil organic carbon and microbial carbon use efficiency. <i>Global Change Biology</i>.
    2024;30(9). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.17492">10.1111/gcb.17492</a>
  apa: Luo, Z., Ren, J., Manzoni, S., &#38; Fatichi, S. (2024). Temperature controls
    the relation between soil organic carbon and microbial carbon use efficiency.
    <i>Global Change Biology</i>. Wiley. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.17492">https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.17492</a>
  chicago: Luo, Zhaoyang, Jianning Ren, Stefano Manzoni, and Simone Fatichi. “Temperature
    Controls the Relation between Soil Organic Carbon and Microbial Carbon Use Efficiency.”
    <i>Global Change Biology</i>. Wiley, 2024. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.17492">https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.17492</a>.
  ieee: Z. Luo, J. Ren, S. Manzoni, and S. Fatichi, “Temperature controls the relation
    between soil organic carbon and microbial carbon use efficiency,” <i>Global Change
    Biology</i>, vol. 30, no. 9. Wiley, 2024.
  ista: Luo Z, Ren J, Manzoni S, Fatichi S. 2024. Temperature controls the relation
    between soil organic carbon and microbial carbon use efficiency. Global Change
    Biology. 30(9), e17492.
  mla: Luo, Zhaoyang, et al. “Temperature Controls the Relation between Soil Organic
    Carbon and Microbial Carbon Use Efficiency.” <i>Global Change Biology</i>, vol.
    30, no. 9, e17492, Wiley, 2024, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.17492">10.1111/gcb.17492</a>.
  short: Z. Luo, J. Ren, S. Manzoni, S. Fatichi, Global Change Biology 30 (2024).
das_tickbox: '1'
date_created: 2026-07-27T12:30:23Z
date_published: 2024-09-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-07-30T11:12:07Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '550'
doi: 10.1111/gcb.17492
extern: '1'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.17492
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        30'
issue: '9'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.17492
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Global Change Biology
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1365-2486
  issn:
  - 1354-1013
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Temperature controls the relation between soil organic carbon and microbial
  carbon use efficiency
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 30
year: '2024'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: hybrid
_id: '22511'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Wildfires are increasing in frequency, intensity, and extent globally due
    to climate change and they can alter forest composition, structure, and function.
    The destruction and subsequent regrowth of young vegetation can modify the ecosystem
    evapotranspiration and downstream water availability. However, the response of
    forest recovery on hydrology is not well known with even the sign of evapotranspiration
    and water yield changes following forest fires being uncertain across the globe.
    Here, we quantify the effects of forest regrowth after catastrophic wildfires
    on evapotranspiration and runoff in the world's tallest angiosperm forest (Eucalyptus
    regnans) in Australia. We combine eddy covariance measurements including pre-
    and post-fire periods, mechanistic ecohydrological modeling and then extend the
    analysis spatially to multiple fires in eucalypt-dominated forests in south-eastern
    Australia by utilizing remote sensing. We find a fast recovery of evapotranspiration
    which reaches and exceeds pre-fire values within 2 years after the bushfire, a
    result confirmed by eddy covariance data, remote sensing, and modeling. Such a
    fast evapotranspiration recovery is likely generalizable to tall eucalypt forests
    in south-eastern Australia as shown by remote sensing. Once climate variability
    is discounted, ecohydrological modeling shows evapotranspiration rates from the
    recovering forest which reach peak values of +20% evapotranspiration 3 years post-fire.
    As a result, modeled runoff decreases substantially. Contrary to previous research,
    we find that the increase in modeled evapotranspiration is largely caused by the
    aerodynamic effects of a much shorter forest height leading to higher surface
    temperature, higher humidity gradients and therefore increased transpiration.
    However, increases in evapotranspiration as well as decreases in runoff caused
    by the young forest are constrained by energy and water limitations. Our result
    of an increase in evapotranspiration due to aerodynamic warming in a shorter forest
    after wildfires could occur in many parts of the world experiencing forest disturbances.
article_number: e16995
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Naika
  full_name: Meili, Naika
  last_name: Meili
- first_name: Jason
  full_name: Beringer, Jason
  last_name: Beringer
- first_name: Jiacheng
  full_name: Zhao, Jiacheng
  last_name: Zhao
- first_name: Simone
  full_name: Fatichi, Simone
  id: cf8e546b-a9b0-11f0-a43b-aa89ed1b56d6
  last_name: Fatichi
citation:
  ama: Meili N, Beringer J, Zhao J, Fatichi S. Aerodynamic effects cause higher forest
    evapotranspiration and water yield reductions after wildfires in tall forests.
    <i>Global Change Biology</i>. 2024;30(1). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16995">10.1111/gcb.16995</a>
  apa: Meili, N., Beringer, J., Zhao, J., &#38; Fatichi, S. (2024). Aerodynamic effects
    cause higher forest evapotranspiration and water yield reductions after wildfires
    in tall forests. <i>Global Change Biology</i>. Wiley. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16995">https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16995</a>
  chicago: Meili, Naika, Jason Beringer, Jiacheng Zhao, and Simone Fatichi. “Aerodynamic
    Effects Cause Higher Forest Evapotranspiration and Water Yield Reductions after
    Wildfires in Tall Forests.” <i>Global Change Biology</i>. Wiley, 2024. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16995">https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16995</a>.
  ieee: N. Meili, J. Beringer, J. Zhao, and S. Fatichi, “Aerodynamic effects cause
    higher forest evapotranspiration and water yield reductions after wildfires in
    tall forests,” <i>Global Change Biology</i>, vol. 30, no. 1. Wiley, 2024.
  ista: Meili N, Beringer J, Zhao J, Fatichi S. 2024. Aerodynamic effects cause higher
    forest evapotranspiration and water yield reductions after wildfires in tall forests.
    Global Change Biology. 30(1), e16995.
  mla: Meili, Naika, et al. “Aerodynamic Effects Cause Higher Forest Evapotranspiration
    and Water Yield Reductions after Wildfires in Tall Forests.” <i>Global Change
    Biology</i>, vol. 30, no. 1, e16995, Wiley, 2024, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16995">10.1111/gcb.16995</a>.
  short: N. Meili, J. Beringer, J. Zhao, S. Fatichi, Global Change Biology 30 (2024).
das_tickbox: '1'
date_created: 2026-07-27T12:30:24Z
date_published: 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-08-11T05:51:07Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1111/gcb.16995
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '37916642'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16995
intvolume: '        30'
issue: '1'
keyword:
- Aerodynamic effects
- Bushfires Australia
- Ecohydrological modeling
- Eddy covariancemeasurements
- Eucalyptus regnans
- Forest evapotranspiration
- Forest recovery
- Mountain Ash
- TERN OzFlux
- Wildfires
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16995
month: '01'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
publication: Global Change Biology
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1365-2486
  issn:
  - 1354-1013
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Aerodynamic effects cause higher forest evapotranspiration and water yield
  reductions after wildfires in tall forests
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd
volume: 30
year: '2024'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: hybrid
_id: '22563'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The ascent of water from the soil to the leaves of vascular plants, described
    by the study of plant hydraulics, regulates ecosystem responses to environmental
    forcing and recovery from stress periods. Several approaches to model plant hydraulics
    have been proposed. In this study, we introduce four different versions of plant
    hydraulics representations in the terrestrial biosphere model T&C to understand
    the significance of plant hydraulics to ecosystem functioning. We tested representations
    of plant hydraulics, investigating plant water capacitance, and long-term xylem
    damages following drought. The four models we tested were a combination of representations
    including or neglecting capacitance and including or neglecting xylem damage legacies.
    Using the models at six case studies spanning semiarid to tropical ecosystems,
    we quantify how plant xylem flow, plant water storage and long-term xylem damage
    can modulate overall water and carbon dynamics across multiple time scales. We
    show that as drought develops, models with plant hydraulics predict a slower onset
    of plant water stress, and a diurnal variability of water and carbon fluxes closer
    to observations. Plant water storage was found to be particularly important for
    the diurnal dynamics of water and carbon fluxes, with models that include plant
    water capacitance yielding better results. Models including permanent damage to
    conducting plant tissues show an additional significant drought legacy effect,
    limiting plant productivity during the recovery phase following major droughts.
    However, when considering ecosystem responses to the observed climate variability,
    plant hydraulic modules alone cannot significantly improve the overall model performance,
    even though they reproduce more realistic water and carbon dynamics. This opens
    new avenues for model development, explicitly linking plant hydraulics with additional
    ecosystem processes, such as plant phenology and improved carbon allocation algorithms.
article_number: e17022
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Athanasios
  full_name: Paschalis, Athanasios
  last_name: Paschalis
- first_name: Martin G.
  full_name: De Kauwe, Martin G.
  last_name: De Kauwe
- first_name: Manon
  full_name: Sabot, Manon
  last_name: Sabot
- first_name: Simone
  full_name: Fatichi, Simone
  id: cf8e546b-a9b0-11f0-a43b-aa89ed1b56d6
  last_name: Fatichi
citation:
  ama: Paschalis A, De Kauwe MG, Sabot M, Fatichi S. When do plant hydraulics matter
    in terrestrial biosphere modelling? <i>Global Change Biology</i>. 2024;30(1).
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.17022">10.1111/gcb.17022</a>
  apa: Paschalis, A., De Kauwe, M. G., Sabot, M., &#38; Fatichi, S. (2024). When do
    plant hydraulics matter in terrestrial biosphere modelling? <i>Global Change Biology</i>.
    Wiley. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.17022">https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.17022</a>
  chicago: Paschalis, Athanasios, Martin G. De Kauwe, Manon Sabot, and Simone Fatichi.
    “When Do Plant Hydraulics Matter in Terrestrial Biosphere Modelling?” <i>Global
    Change Biology</i>. Wiley, 2024. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.17022">https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.17022</a>.
  ieee: A. Paschalis, M. G. De Kauwe, M. Sabot, and S. Fatichi, “When do plant hydraulics
    matter in terrestrial biosphere modelling?,” <i>Global Change Biology</i>, vol.
    30, no. 1. Wiley, 2024.
  ista: Paschalis A, De Kauwe MG, Sabot M, Fatichi S. 2024. When do plant hydraulics
    matter in terrestrial biosphere modelling? Global Change Biology. 30(1), e17022.
  mla: Paschalis, Athanasios, et al. “When Do Plant Hydraulics Matter in Terrestrial
    Biosphere Modelling?” <i>Global Change Biology</i>, vol. 30, no. 1, e17022, Wiley,
    2024, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.17022">10.1111/gcb.17022</a>.
  short: A. Paschalis, M.G. De Kauwe, M. Sabot, S. Fatichi, Global Change Biology
    30 (2024).
das_tickbox: '1'
date_created: 2026-07-27T12:30:24Z
date_published: 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-08-12T08:44:53Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1111/gcb.17022
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '37962234 '
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.17022
intvolume: '        30'
issue: '1'
keyword:
- Ecosystem recovery
- Ecosystem responses
- Plant hydraulics
- Terrestrial biosphere model
- Water stress
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: ' https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.17022'
month: '01'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
publication: Global Change Biology
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1365-2486
  issn:
  - 1354-1013
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: When do plant hydraulics matter in terrestrial biosphere modelling?
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd
volume: 30
year: '2024'
...
---
OA_type: closed access
_id: '22534'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Tree planting is a prevalent strategy to mitigate urban heat. Tree cooling
    efficiency(TCE), defined as the temperature reduction for a 1% tree cover increase,
    plays animportant role in urban climate as it regulates the capacity of trees
    to alter the sur-face energy and water budget. However, the spatial variation
    and more importantly,temporal heterogeneity of TCE in global cities are not fully
    explored. Here, we usedLandsat-based tree cover and land surface temperature (LST)
    to compare TCEs at areference air temperature and tree cover level across 806
    global cities and to exploretheir potential drivers with a boosted regression
    tree (BRT) machine learning model.From the results, we found that TCE is spatially
    regulated by not only leaf area index(LAI) but climate variables and anthropogenic
    factors especially city albedo, withouta specific variable dominating the others.
    However, such spatial difference is attenu-ated by the decrease of TCE with tree
    cover, most pronounced in midlatitude cities.During the period 2000–2015, more
    than 90% of analyzed cities showed an increas-ing trend in TCE, which is likely
    explained by a combined result of the increase in LAI,intensified solar radiation
    due to decreased aerosol content, increase in urban vaporpressure deficit (VPD)
    and decrease of city albedo. Concurrently, significant urbanafforestation occurred
    across many cities showing a global city-scale mean tree coverincrease of 5.3
    ± 3.8% from 2000 to 2015. Over the growing season, such increasescombined with
    an increasing TCE were estimated to on average yield a midday sur-face cooling
    of 1.5 ± 1.3°C in tree-covered urban areas. These results are offeringnew insights
    into the use of urban afforestation as an adaptation to global warmingand urban
    planners may leverage them to provide more cooling benefits if trees areprimarily
    planted for this purpose.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Jiacheng
  full_name: Zhao, Jiacheng
  last_name: Zhao
- first_name: Xiang
  full_name: Zhao, Xiang
  last_name: Zhao
- first_name: Donghai
  full_name: Wu, Donghai
  last_name: Wu
- first_name: Naika
  full_name: Meili, Naika
  last_name: Meili
- first_name: Simone
  full_name: Fatichi, Simone
  id: cf8e546b-a9b0-11f0-a43b-aa89ed1b56d6
  last_name: Fatichi
citation:
  ama: Zhao J, Zhao X, Wu D, Meili N, Fatichi S. Satellite‐based evidence highlights
    a considerable increase of urban tree cooling benefits from 2000 to 2015. <i>Global
    Change Biology</i>. 2023;29(11):3085-3097. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16667">10.1111/gcb.16667</a>
  apa: Zhao, J., Zhao, X., Wu, D., Meili, N., &#38; Fatichi, S. (2023). Satellite‐based
    evidence highlights a considerable increase of urban tree cooling benefits from
    2000 to 2015. <i>Global Change Biology</i>. Wiley. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16667">https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16667</a>
  chicago: Zhao, Jiacheng, Xiang Zhao, Donghai Wu, Naika Meili, and Simone Fatichi.
    “Satellite‐based Evidence Highlights a Considerable Increase of Urban Tree Cooling
    Benefits from 2000 to 2015.” <i>Global Change Biology</i>. Wiley, 2023. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16667">https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16667</a>.
  ieee: J. Zhao, X. Zhao, D. Wu, N. Meili, and S. Fatichi, “Satellite‐based evidence
    highlights a considerable increase of urban tree cooling benefits from 2000 to
    2015,” <i>Global Change Biology</i>, vol. 29, no. 11. Wiley, pp. 3085–3097, 2023.
  ista: Zhao J, Zhao X, Wu D, Meili N, Fatichi S. 2023. Satellite‐based evidence highlights
    a considerable increase of urban tree cooling benefits from 2000 to 2015. Global
    Change Biology. 29(11), 3085–3097.
  mla: Zhao, Jiacheng, et al. “Satellite‐based Evidence Highlights a Considerable
    Increase of Urban Tree Cooling Benefits from 2000 to 2015.” <i>Global Change Biology</i>,
    vol. 29, no. 11, Wiley, 2023, pp. 3085–97, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16667">10.1111/gcb.16667</a>.
  short: J. Zhao, X. Zhao, D. Wu, N. Meili, S. Fatichi, Global Change Biology 29 (2023)
    3085–3097.
das_tickbox: '1'
date_created: 2026-07-27T12:30:24Z
date_published: 2023-06-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-08-12T08:28:41Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1111/gcb.16667
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '36876991 '
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16667
intvolume: '        29'
issue: '11'
keyword:
- Climate change
- Remote sensing
- Tree cooling efficiency
- Tree cover
- Urban afforestation
language:
- iso: eng
month: '06'
oa_version: None
page: 3085-3097
pmid: 1
publication: Global Change Biology
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1365-2486
  issn:
  - 1354-1013
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Satellite‐based evidence highlights a considerable increase of urban tree cooling
  benefits from 2000 to 2015
type: journal_article
user_id: ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd
volume: 29
year: '2023'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: hybrid
_id: '22569'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Despite their size and contribution to the global carbon cycle, we have limited
    understanding of tropical savannas and their current trajectory with climate change
    and anthropogenic pressures. Here we examined interannual variability and externally
    forced long-term changes in carbon and water exchange from a high rainfall savanna
    site in the seasonal tropics of north Australia. We used an 18-year flux data
    time series (2001–2019) to detect trends and drivers of fluxes of carbon and water.
    Significant positive trends in gross primary productivity (GPP, 15.4 g C m2 year−2),
    ecosystem respiration (Reco, 8.0 g C m2 year−2), net ecosystem productivity (NEE,
    7.4 g C m2 year−2) and ecosystem water use efficiency (WUE, 0.0077 g C kg H2O−1
    year−1) were computed. There was a weaker, non-significant trend in latent energy
    exchange (LE, 0.34 W m−2 year−1). Rainfall from a nearby site increased statistically
    over a 45-year period during the observation period. To examine the dominant drivers
    of changes in GPP and WUE, we used a random forest approach and a terrestrial
    biosphere model to conduct an attribution experiment. Radiant energy was the dominant
    driver of wet season fluxes, whereas soil water content dominated dry season fluxes.
    The model attribution suggested that [CO2], precipitation and Tair accounting
    for 90% of the modelled trend in GPP and WUE. Positive trends in fluxes were largest
    in the dry season implying tree components were a larger contributor than the
    grassy understorey. Fluxes and environmental drivers were not significant during
    the wet season, the period when grasses are active. The site is potentially still
    recovering from a cyclone 45 years ago and regrowth from this event may also be
    contributing to the observed trends in sequestration, highlighting the need to
    understand fluxes and their drivers from sub-diurnal to decadal scales.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Lindsay B.
  full_name: Hutley, Lindsay B.
  last_name: Hutley
- first_name: Jason
  full_name: Beringer, Jason
  last_name: Beringer
- first_name: Simone
  full_name: Fatichi, Simone
  id: cf8e546b-a9b0-11f0-a43b-aa89ed1b56d6
  last_name: Fatichi
- first_name: Stanislaus J.
  full_name: Schymanski, Stanislaus J.
  last_name: Schymanski
- first_name: Matthew
  full_name: Northwood, Matthew
  last_name: Northwood
citation:
  ama: Hutley LB, Beringer J, Fatichi S, Schymanski SJ, Northwood M. Gross primary
    productivity and water use efficiency are increasing in a high rainfall tropical
    savanna. <i>Global Change Biology</i>. 2022;28(7):2360-2380. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16012">10.1111/gcb.16012</a>
  apa: Hutley, L. B., Beringer, J., Fatichi, S., Schymanski, S. J., &#38; Northwood,
    M. (2022). Gross primary productivity and water use efficiency are increasing
    in a high rainfall tropical savanna. <i>Global Change Biology</i>. Wiley. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16012">https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16012</a>
  chicago: Hutley, Lindsay B., Jason Beringer, Simone Fatichi, Stanislaus J. Schymanski,
    and Matthew Northwood. “Gross Primary Productivity and Water Use Efficiency Are
    Increasing in a High Rainfall Tropical Savanna.” <i>Global Change Biology</i>.
    Wiley, 2022. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16012">https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16012</a>.
  ieee: L. B. Hutley, J. Beringer, S. Fatichi, S. J. Schymanski, and M. Northwood,
    “Gross primary productivity and water use efficiency are increasing in a high
    rainfall tropical savanna,” <i>Global Change Biology</i>, vol. 28, no. 7. Wiley,
    pp. 2360–2380, 2022.
  ista: Hutley LB, Beringer J, Fatichi S, Schymanski SJ, Northwood M. 2022. Gross
    primary productivity and water use efficiency are increasing in a high rainfall
    tropical savanna. Global Change Biology. 28(7), 2360–2380.
  mla: Hutley, Lindsay B., et al. “Gross Primary Productivity and Water Use Efficiency
    Are Increasing in a High Rainfall Tropical Savanna.” <i>Global Change Biology</i>,
    vol. 28, no. 7, Wiley, 2022, pp. 2360–80, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16012">10.1111/gcb.16012</a>.
  short: L.B. Hutley, J. Beringer, S. Fatichi, S.J. Schymanski, M. Northwood, Global
    Change Biology 28 (2022) 2360–2380.
das_tickbox: '1'
date_created: 2026-07-27T12:30:24Z
date_published: 2022-04-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-08-06T08:27:17Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1111/gcb.16012
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '34854173'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16012
intvolume: '        28'
issue: '7'
keyword:
- CO2 fertilization
- Ecosystem model
- Eddy covariance
- Howard Springs
- Water use efficiency
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16012
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 2360-2380
pmid: 1
publication: Global Change Biology
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1365-2486
  issn:
  - 1354-1013
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Gross primary productivity and water use efficiency are increasing in a high
  rainfall tropical savanna
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd
volume: 28
year: '2022'
...
---
OA_place: repository
OA_type: green
_id: '22437'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'Changes in rainfall amounts and patterns have been observed and are expected
    to continue in the near future with potentially significant ecological and societal
    consequences. Modelling vegetation responses to changes in rainfall is thus crucial
    to project water and carbon cycles in the future. In this study, we present the
    results of a new model‐data intercomparison project, where we tested the ability
    of 10 terrestrial biosphere models to reproduce the observed sensitivity of ecosystem
    productivity to rainfall changes at 10 sites across the globe, in nine of which,
    rainfall exclusion and/or irrigation experiments had been performed. The key results
    are as follows: (a) Inter‐model variation is generally large and model agreement
    varies with timescales. In severely water‐limited sites, models only agree on
    the interannual variability of evapotranspiration and to a smaller extent on gross
    primary productivity. In more mesic sites, model agreement for both water and
    carbon fluxes is typically higher on fine (daily–monthly) timescales and reduces
    on longer (seasonal–annual) scales. (b) Models on average overestimate the relationship
    between ecosystem productivity and mean rainfall amounts across sites (in space)
    and have a low capacity in reproducing the temporal (interannual) sensitivity
    of vegetation productivity to annual rainfall at a given site, even though observation
    uncertainty is comparable to inter‐model variability. (c) Most models reproduced
    the sign of the observed patterns in productivity changes in rainfall manipulation
    experiments but had a low capacity in reproducing the observed magnitude of productivity
    changes. Models better reproduced the observed productivity responses due to rainfall
    exclusion than addition. (d) All models attribute ecosystem productivity changes
    to the intensity of vegetation stress and peak leaf area, whereas the impact of
    the change in growing season length is negligible. The relative contribution of
    the peak leaf area and vegetation stress intensity was highly variable among models.'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Athanasios
  full_name: Paschalis, Athanasios
  last_name: Paschalis
- first_name: Simone
  full_name: Fatichi, Simone
  id: cf8e546b-a9b0-11f0-a43b-aa89ed1b56d6
  last_name: Fatichi
- first_name: Jakob
  full_name: Zscheischler, Jakob
  last_name: Zscheischler
- first_name: Philippe
  full_name: Ciais, Philippe
  last_name: Ciais
- first_name: Michael
  full_name: Bahn, Michael
  last_name: Bahn
- first_name: Lena
  full_name: Boysen, Lena
  last_name: Boysen
- first_name: Jinfeng
  full_name: Chang, Jinfeng
  last_name: Chang
- first_name: Martin
  full_name: De Kauwe, Martin
  last_name: De Kauwe
- first_name: Marc
  full_name: Estiarte, Marc
  last_name: Estiarte
- first_name: Daniel
  full_name: Goll, Daniel
  last_name: Goll
- first_name: Paul J.
  full_name: Hanson, Paul J.
  last_name: Hanson
- first_name: Anna B.
  full_name: Harper, Anna B.
  last_name: Harper
- first_name: Enqing
  full_name: Hou, Enqing
  last_name: Hou
- first_name: Jaime
  full_name: Kigel, Jaime
  last_name: Kigel
- first_name: Alan K.
  full_name: Knapp, Alan K.
  last_name: Knapp
- first_name: Klaus S.
  full_name: Larsen, Klaus S.
  last_name: Larsen
- first_name: Wei
  full_name: Li, Wei
  last_name: Li
- first_name: Sebastian
  full_name: Lienert, Sebastian
  last_name: Lienert
- first_name: Yiqi
  full_name: Luo, Yiqi
  last_name: Luo
- first_name: Patrick
  full_name: Meir, Patrick
  last_name: Meir
- first_name: Julia E. M. S.
  full_name: Nabel, Julia E. M. S.
  last_name: Nabel
- first_name: Romà
  full_name: Ogaya, Romà
  last_name: Ogaya
- first_name: Anthony J.
  full_name: Parolari, Anthony J.
  last_name: Parolari
- first_name: Changhui
  full_name: Peng, Changhui
  last_name: Peng
- first_name: Josep
  full_name: Peñuelas, Josep
  last_name: Peñuelas
- first_name: Julia
  full_name: Pongratz, Julia
  last_name: Pongratz
- first_name: Serge
  full_name: Rambal, Serge
  last_name: Rambal
- first_name: Inger K.
  full_name: Schmidt, Inger K.
  last_name: Schmidt
- first_name: Hao
  full_name: Shi, Hao
  last_name: Shi
- first_name: Marcelo
  full_name: Sternberg, Marcelo
  last_name: Sternberg
- first_name: Hanqin
  full_name: Tian, Hanqin
  last_name: Tian
- first_name: Elisabeth
  full_name: Tschumi, Elisabeth
  last_name: Tschumi
- first_name: Anna
  full_name: Ukkola, Anna
  last_name: Ukkola
- first_name: Sara
  full_name: Vicca, Sara
  last_name: Vicca
- first_name: Nicolas
  full_name: Viovy, Nicolas
  last_name: Viovy
- first_name: Ying‐Ping
  full_name: Wang, Ying‐Ping
  last_name: Wang
- first_name: Zhuonan
  full_name: Wang, Zhuonan
  last_name: Wang
- first_name: Karina
  full_name: Williams, Karina
  last_name: Williams
- first_name: Donghai
  full_name: Wu, Donghai
  last_name: Wu
- first_name: Qiuan
  full_name: Zhu, Qiuan
  last_name: Zhu
citation:
  ama: 'Paschalis A, Fatichi S, Zscheischler J, et al. Rainfall manipulation experiments
    as simulated by terrestrial biosphere models: Where do we stand? <i>Global Change
    Biology</i>. 2020;26(6):3336-3355. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15024">10.1111/gcb.15024</a>'
  apa: 'Paschalis, A., Fatichi, S., Zscheischler, J., Ciais, P., Bahn, M., Boysen,
    L., … Zhu, Q. (2020). Rainfall manipulation experiments as simulated by terrestrial
    biosphere models: Where do we stand? <i>Global Change Biology</i>. Wiley. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15024">https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15024</a>'
  chicago: 'Paschalis, Athanasios, Simone Fatichi, Jakob Zscheischler, Philippe Ciais,
    Michael Bahn, Lena Boysen, Jinfeng Chang, et al. “Rainfall Manipulation Experiments
    as Simulated by Terrestrial Biosphere Models: Where Do We Stand?” <i>Global Change
    Biology</i>. Wiley, 2020. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15024">https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15024</a>.'
  ieee: 'A. Paschalis <i>et al.</i>, “Rainfall manipulation experiments as simulated
    by terrestrial biosphere models: Where do we stand?,” <i>Global Change Biology</i>,
    vol. 26, no. 6. Wiley, pp. 3336–3355, 2020.'
  ista: 'Paschalis A, Fatichi S, Zscheischler J, Ciais P, Bahn M, Boysen L, Chang
    J, De Kauwe M, Estiarte M, Goll D, Hanson PJ, Harper AB, Hou E, Kigel J, Knapp
    AK, Larsen KS, Li W, Lienert S, Luo Y, Meir P, Nabel JEMS, Ogaya R, Parolari AJ,
    Peng C, Peñuelas J, Pongratz J, Rambal S, Schmidt IK, Shi H, Sternberg M, Tian
    H, Tschumi E, Ukkola A, Vicca S, Viovy N, Wang Y, Wang Z, Williams K, Wu D, Zhu
    Q. 2020. Rainfall manipulation experiments as simulated by terrestrial biosphere
    models: Where do we stand? Global Change Biology. 26(6), 3336–3355.'
  mla: 'Paschalis, Athanasios, et al. “Rainfall Manipulation Experiments as Simulated
    by Terrestrial Biosphere Models: Where Do We Stand?” <i>Global Change Biology</i>,
    vol. 26, no. 6, Wiley, 2020, pp. 3336–55, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15024">10.1111/gcb.15024</a>.'
  short: A. Paschalis, S. Fatichi, J. Zscheischler, P. Ciais, M. Bahn, L. Boysen,
    J. Chang, M. De Kauwe, M. Estiarte, D. Goll, P.J. Hanson, A.B. Harper, E. Hou,
    J. Kigel, A.K. Knapp, K.S. Larsen, W. Li, S. Lienert, Y. Luo, P. Meir, J.E.M.S.
    Nabel, R. Ogaya, A.J. Parolari, C. Peng, J. Peñuelas, J. Pongratz, S. Rambal,
    I.K. Schmidt, H. Shi, M. Sternberg, H. Tian, E. Tschumi, A. Ukkola, S. Vicca,
    N. Viovy, Y. Wang, Z. Wang, K. Williams, D. Wu, Q. Zhu, Global Change Biology
    26 (2020) 3336–3355.
das_tickbox: '1'
date_created: 2026-07-27T12:30:23Z
date_published: 2020-06-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-07-30T08:55:20Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '550'
doi: 10.1111/gcb.15024
extern: '1'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15024
intvolume: '        26'
issue: '6'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://www.pure.ed.ac.uk/ws/portalfiles/portal/134703775/51._Meir.pdf
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Accepted Version
page: 3336-3355
publication: Global Change Biology
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1365-2486
  issn:
  - 1354-1013
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Rainfall manipulation experiments as simulated by terrestrial biosphere models:
  Where do we stand?'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 26
year: '2020'
...