---
_id: '8263'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "Background: The genus Streptococcus comprises pathogens that strongly influence
    the health of humans and animals. Genome sequencing of multiple Streptococcus
    strains demonstrated high variability in gene content and order even in closely
    related strains of the same species and created a newly emerged object for genomic
    analysis, the pan-genome. Here we analysed the genome evolution of 25 strains
    of Streptococcus suis, 50 strains of Streptococcus pyogenes and 28 strains of
    Streptococcus pneumoniae.\r\n\r\nResults: Fractions of the pan-genome, unique,
    periphery, and universal genes differ in size, functional composition, the level
    of nucleotide substitutions, and predisposition to horizontal gene transfer and
    genomic rearrangements. The density of substitutions in intergenic regions appears
    to be correlated with selection acting on adjacent genes, implying that more conserved
    genes tend to have more conserved regulatory regions.\r\nThe total pan-genome
    of the genus is open, but only due to strain-specific genes, whereas other pan-genome
    fractions reach saturation. We have identified the set of genes with phylogenies
    inconsistent with species and non-conserved location in the chromosome; these
    genes are rare in at least one species and have likely experienced recent horizontal
    transfer between species. The strain-specific fraction is enriched with mobile
    elements and hypothetical proteins, but also contains a number of candidate virulence-related
    genes, so it may have a strong impact on adaptability and pathogenicity.\r\nMapping
    the rearrangements to the phylogenetic tree revealed large parallel inversions
    in all species. A parallel inversion of length 15 kB with breakpoints formed by
    genes encoding surface antigen proteins PhtD and PhtB in S. pneumoniae leads to
    replacement of gene fragments that likely indicates the action of an antigen variation
    mechanism.\r\n\r\nConclusions: Members of genus Streptococcus have a highly dynamic,
    open pan-genome, that potentially confers them with the ability to adapt to changing
    environmental conditions, i.e. antibiotic resistance or transmission between different
    hosts. Hence, integrated analysis of all aspects of genome evolution is important
    for the identification of potential pathogens and design of drugs and vaccines."
article_number: '83'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Pavel V.
  full_name: Shelyakin, Pavel V.
  last_name: Shelyakin
  orcid: 0000-0003-0120-9319
- first_name: Olga
  full_name: Bochkareva, Olga
  id: C4558D3C-6102-11E9-A62E-F418E6697425
  last_name: Bochkareva
  orcid: 0000-0003-1006-6639
- first_name: Anna A.
  full_name: Karan, Anna A.
  last_name: Karan
- first_name: Mikhail S.
  full_name: Gelfand, Mikhail S.
  last_name: Gelfand
citation:
  ama: 'Shelyakin PV, Bochkareva O, Karan AA, Gelfand MS. Micro-evolution of three
    Streptococcus species: Selection, antigenic variation, and horizontal gene inflow.
    <i>BMC Evolutionary Biology</i>. 2019;19. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-019-1403-6">10.1186/s12862-019-1403-6</a>'
  apa: 'Shelyakin, P. V., Bochkareva, O., Karan, A. A., &#38; Gelfand, M. S. (2019).
    Micro-evolution of three Streptococcus species: Selection, antigenic variation,
    and horizontal gene inflow. <i>BMC Evolutionary Biology</i>. Springer Nature.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-019-1403-6">https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-019-1403-6</a>'
  chicago: 'Shelyakin, Pavel V., Olga Bochkareva, Anna A. Karan, and Mikhail S. Gelfand.
    “Micro-Evolution of Three Streptococcus Species: Selection, Antigenic Variation,
    and Horizontal Gene Inflow.” <i>BMC Evolutionary Biology</i>. Springer Nature,
    2019. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-019-1403-6">https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-019-1403-6</a>.'
  ieee: 'P. V. Shelyakin, O. Bochkareva, A. A. Karan, and M. S. Gelfand, “Micro-evolution
    of three Streptococcus species: Selection, antigenic variation, and horizontal
    gene inflow,” <i>BMC Evolutionary Biology</i>, vol. 19. Springer Nature, 2019.'
  ista: 'Shelyakin PV, Bochkareva O, Karan AA, Gelfand MS. 2019. Micro-evolution of
    three Streptococcus species: Selection, antigenic variation, and horizontal gene
    inflow. BMC Evolutionary Biology. 19, 83.'
  mla: 'Shelyakin, Pavel V., et al. “Micro-Evolution of Three Streptococcus Species:
    Selection, Antigenic Variation, and Horizontal Gene Inflow.” <i>BMC Evolutionary
    Biology</i>, vol. 19, 83, Springer Nature, 2019, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-019-1403-6">10.1186/s12862-019-1403-6</a>.'
  short: P.V. Shelyakin, O. Bochkareva, A.A. Karan, M.S. Gelfand, BMC Evolutionary
    Biology 19 (2019).
date_created: 2020-08-15T11:04:07Z
date_published: 2019-03-27T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-02-23T13:28:54Z
day: '27'
doi: 10.1186/s12862-019-1403-6
extern: '1'
intvolume: '        19'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-019-1403-6
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: BMC Evolutionary Biology
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1471-2148
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'Micro-evolution of three Streptococcus species: Selection, antigenic variation,
  and horizontal gene inflow'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 19
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '732'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'Background: Social insects form densely crowded societies in environments
    with high pathogen loads, but have evolved collective defences that mitigate the
    impact of disease. However, colony-founding queens lack this protection and suffer
    high rates of mortality. The impact of pathogens may be exacerbated in species
    where queens found colonies together, as healthy individuals may contract pathogens
    from infectious co-founders. Therefore, we tested whether ant queens avoid founding
    colonies with pathogen-exposed conspecifics and how they might limit disease transmission
    from infectious individuals. Results: Using Lasius Niger queens and a naturally
    infecting fungal pathogen Metarhizium brunneum, we observed that queens were equally
    likely to found colonies with another pathogen-exposed or sham-treated queen.
    However, when one queen died, the surviving individual performed biting, burial
    and removal of the corpse. These undertaking behaviours were performed prophylactically,
    i.e. targeted equally towards non-infected and infected corpses, as well as carried
    out before infected corpses became infectious. Biting and burial reduced the risk
    of the queens contracting and dying from disease from an infectious corpse of
    a dead co-foundress. Conclusions: We show that co-founding ant queens express
    undertaking behaviours that, in mature colonies, are performed exclusively by
    workers. Such infection avoidance behaviours act before the queens can contract
    the disease and will therefore improve the overall chance of colony founding success
    in ant queens.'
article_number: '219'
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Christopher
  full_name: Pull, Christopher
  id: 3C7F4840-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Pull
  orcid: 0000-0003-1122-3982
- first_name: Sylvia
  full_name: Cremer, Sylvia
  id: 2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Cremer
  orcid: 0000-0002-2193-3868
citation:
  ama: Pull C, Cremer S. Co-founding ant queens prevent disease by performing prophylactic
    undertaking behaviour. <i>BMC Evolutionary Biology</i>. 2017;17(1). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-017-1062-4">10.1186/s12862-017-1062-4</a>
  apa: Pull, C., &#38; Cremer, S. (2017). Co-founding ant queens prevent disease by
    performing prophylactic undertaking behaviour. <i>BMC Evolutionary Biology</i>.
    BioMed Central. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-017-1062-4">https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-017-1062-4</a>
  chicago: Pull, Christopher, and Sylvia Cremer. “Co-Founding Ant Queens Prevent Disease
    by Performing Prophylactic Undertaking Behaviour.” <i>BMC Evolutionary Biology</i>.
    BioMed Central, 2017. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-017-1062-4">https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-017-1062-4</a>.
  ieee: C. Pull and S. Cremer, “Co-founding ant queens prevent disease by performing
    prophylactic undertaking behaviour,” <i>BMC Evolutionary Biology</i>, vol. 17,
    no. 1. BioMed Central, 2017.
  ista: Pull C, Cremer S. 2017. Co-founding ant queens prevent disease by performing
    prophylactic undertaking behaviour. BMC Evolutionary Biology. 17(1), 219.
  mla: Pull, Christopher, and Sylvia Cremer. “Co-Founding Ant Queens Prevent Disease
    by Performing Prophylactic Undertaking Behaviour.” <i>BMC Evolutionary Biology</i>,
    vol. 17, no. 1, 219, BioMed Central, 2017, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-017-1062-4">10.1186/s12862-017-1062-4</a>.
  short: C. Pull, S. Cremer, BMC Evolutionary Biology 17 (2017).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:48:12Z
date_published: 2017-10-13T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-04-08T14:19:10Z
day: '13'
ddc:
- '576'
- '592'
department:
- _id: SyCr
doi: 10.1186/s12862-017-1062-4
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000412816800001'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: 3e24a2cfd48f49f7b3643d08d30fb480
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: system
  date_created: 2018-12-12T10:17:18Z
  date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:55Z
  file_id: '5271'
  file_name: IST-2017-882-v1+1_12862_2017_Article_1062.pdf
  file_size: 949857
  relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:55Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        17'
isi: 1
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: 25DC711C-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: FP7
  grant_number: '243071'
  name: 'Social Vaccination in Ant Colonies: from Individual Mechanisms to Society
    Effects'
publication: BMC Evolutionary Biology
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1471-2148
publication_status: published
publisher: BioMed Central
publist_id: '6937'
pubrep_id: '882'
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
  record:
  - id: '819'
    relation: dissertation_contains
    status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Co-founding ant queens prevent disease by performing prophylactic undertaking
  behaviour
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 17
year: '2017'
...