---
_id: '17564'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'The existence of ≈10^9 Msun supermassive black holes (SMBHs) within the first
billion year of the universe has stimulated numerous ideas for the prompt formation
and rapid growth of BHs in the early universe. Here we review ways in which the
seeds of massive BHs may have first assembled, how they may have subsequently
grown as massive as ≈10^9 Msun, and how multi-messenger observations could distinguish
between different SMBH assembly scenarios. We conclude the following: (1) The
ultra-rare ≈10^9 Msun SMBHs represent only the tip of the iceberg. Early BHs likely
fill a continuum from stellar-mass (approx. 10 Msun) to the super-massive (≈10^9
Msun) regime, reflecting a range of initial masses and growth histories. (2) Stellar-mass
BHs were likely left behind by the first generation of stars at redshifts as high
as z=30, but their initial growth was typically stunted due to the shallow potential
wells of their host galaxies. (3) Conditions in some larger, metal-poor galaxies
soon became conducive to the rapid formation and growth of massive `seed'' holes,
via gas accretion and by mergers in dense stellar clusters. (4) BH masses depend
on the environment (such as the number and properties of nearby radiation sources
and the local baryonic streaming velocity), and on the metal enrichment and assembly
history of the host galaxy. (5) Distinguishing between assembly mechanisms will
be difficult, but a combination of observations by LISA (probing massive BH growth
via mergers) and by deep multi-wavelength electromagnetic observations (probing
growth via gas accretion) is particularly promising.'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Kohei
full_name: Inayoshi, Kohei
last_name: Inayoshi
- first_name: Eli
full_name: Visbal, Eli
last_name: Visbal
- first_name: Zoltán
full_name: Haiman, Zoltán
id: 7c006e8c-cc0d-11ee-8322-cb904ef76f36
last_name: Haiman
citation:
ama: Inayoshi K, Visbal E, Haiman Z. The Assembly of the First Massive Black Holes.
Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics. 2020;58(1):27-97. doi:10.1146/annurev-astro-120419-014455
apa: Inayoshi, K., Visbal, E., & Haiman, Z. (2020). The Assembly of the First
Massive Black Holes. Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics. Annual
Reviews. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-astro-120419-014455
chicago: Inayoshi, Kohei, Eli Visbal, and Zoltán Haiman. “The Assembly of the First
Massive Black Holes.” Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics. Annual
Reviews, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-astro-120419-014455.
ieee: K. Inayoshi, E. Visbal, and Z. Haiman, “The Assembly of the First Massive
Black Holes,” Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 58, no.
1. Annual Reviews, pp. 27–97, 2020.
ista: Inayoshi K, Visbal E, Haiman Z. 2020. The Assembly of the First Massive Black
Holes. Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics. 58(1), 27–97.
mla: Inayoshi, Kohei, et al. “The Assembly of the First Massive Black Holes.” Annual
Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 58, no. 1, Annual Reviews, 2020,
pp. 27–97, doi:10.1146/annurev-astro-120419-014455.
short: K. Inayoshi, E. Visbal, Z. Haiman, Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics
58 (2020) 27–97.
date_created: 2024-09-05T12:04:49Z
date_published: 2020-03-30T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-09-18T13:06:37Z
day: '30'
doi: 10.1146/annurev-astro-120419-014455
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1911.05791'
intvolume: ' 58'
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: ' https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1911.05791'
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 27-97
publication: Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0066-4146
- 1545-4282
publication_status: published
publisher: Annual Reviews
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: The Assembly of the First Massive Black Holes
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 58
year: '2020'
...