[{"ddc":["530"],"license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","scopus_import":"1","day":"14","abstract":[{"text":"Tunneling of a particle through a potential barrier remains one of the most remarkable quantum phenomena. Owing to advances in laser technology, electric fields comparable to those electrons experience in atoms are readily generated and open opportunities to dynamically investigate the process of electron tunneling through the potential barrier formed by the superposition of both laser and atomic fields. Attosecond-time and angstrom-space resolution of the strong laser-field technique allow to address fundamental questions related to tunneling, which are still open and debated: Which time is spent under the barrier and what momentum is picked up by the particle in the meantime? In this combined experimental and theoretical study we demonstrate that for strong-field ionization the leading quantum mechanical Wigner treatment for the time resolved description of tunneling is valid. We achieve a high sensitivity on the tunneling barrier and unambiguously isolate its effects by performing a differential study of two systems with almost identical tunneling geometry. Moreover, working with a low frequency laser, we essentially limit the non-adiabaticity of the process as a major source of uncertainty. The agreement between experiment and theory implies two substantial corrections with respect to the widely employed quasiclassical treatment: In addition to a non-vanishing longitudinal momentum along the laser field-direction we provide clear evidence for a non-zero tunneling time delay. This addresses also the fundamental question how the transition occurs from the tunnel barrier to free space classical evolution of the ejected electron.","lang":"eng"}],"alternative_title":["Journal of Physics: Conference Series"],"volume":999,"file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:46:00Z","file":[{"date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:46:00Z","access_level":"open_access","creator":"dernst","file_size":949321,"relation":"main_file","file_id":"5871","date_created":"2019-01-22T08:34:10Z","file_name":"2017_Physics_Camus.pdf","checksum":"6e70b525a84f6d5fb175c48e9f5cb59a","content_type":"application/pdf"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["1742-6588"]},"citation":{"chicago":"Camus, Nicolas, Enderalp Yakaboylu, Lutz Fechner, Michael Klaiber, Martin Laux, Yonghao Mi, Karen Hatsagortsyan, Thomas Pfeifer, Cristoph Keitel, and Robert Moshammer. “Experimental Evidence for Wigner’s Tunneling Time,” Vol. 999. American Physical Society, 2017. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/999/1/012004\">https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/999/1/012004</a>.","ieee":"N. Camus <i>et al.</i>, “Experimental evidence for Wigner’s tunneling time,” presented at the Annual International Laser Physics Workshop LPHYS, Kazan, Russian Federation, 2017, vol. 999, no. 1.","short":"N. Camus, E. Yakaboylu, L. Fechner, M. Klaiber, M. Laux, Y. Mi, K. Hatsagortsyan, T. Pfeifer, C. Keitel, R. Moshammer, in:, American Physical Society, 2017.","apa":"Camus, N., Yakaboylu, E., Fechner, L., Klaiber, M., Laux, M., Mi, Y., … Moshammer, R. (2017). Experimental evidence for Wigner’s tunneling time (Vol. 999). Presented at the Annual International Laser Physics Workshop LPHYS, Kazan, Russian Federation: American Physical Society. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/999/1/012004\">https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/999/1/012004</a>","mla":"Camus, Nicolas, et al. <i>Experimental Evidence for Wigner’s Tunneling Time</i>. Vol. 999, no. 1, 012004, American Physical Society, 2017, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/999/1/012004\">10.1088/1742-6596/999/1/012004</a>.","ista":"Camus N, Yakaboylu E, Fechner L, Klaiber M, Laux M, Mi Y, Hatsagortsyan K, Pfeifer T, Keitel C, Moshammer R. 2017. Experimental evidence for Wigner’s tunneling time. Annual International Laser Physics Workshop LPHYS, Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol. 999, 012004.","ama":"Camus N, Yakaboylu E, Fechner L, et al. Experimental evidence for Wigner’s tunneling time. In: Vol 999. American Physical Society; 2017. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/999/1/012004\">10.1088/1742-6596/999/1/012004</a>"},"oa_version":"Published Version","tmp":{"short":"CC BY (4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"issue":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"author":[{"first_name":"Nicolas","last_name":"Camus","full_name":"Camus, Nicolas"},{"id":"38CB71F6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Enderalp","orcid":"0000-0001-5973-0874","last_name":"Yakaboylu","full_name":"Yakaboylu, Enderalp"},{"last_name":"Fechner","full_name":"Fechner, Lutz","first_name":"Lutz"},{"full_name":"Klaiber, Michael","last_name":"Klaiber","first_name":"Michael"},{"full_name":"Laux, Martin","last_name":"Laux","first_name":"Martin"},{"last_name":"Mi","full_name":"Mi, Yonghao","first_name":"Yonghao"},{"full_name":"Hatsagortsyan, Karen","last_name":"Hatsagortsyan","first_name":"Karen"},{"first_name":"Thomas","last_name":"Pfeifer","full_name":"Pfeifer, Thomas"},{"last_name":"Keitel","full_name":"Keitel, Cristoph","first_name":"Cristoph"},{"last_name":"Moshammer","full_name":"Moshammer, Robert","first_name":"Robert"}],"oa":1,"publisher":"American Physical Society","intvolume":"       999","publist_id":"7552","_id":"313","isi":1,"user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","quality_controlled":"1","status":"public","has_accepted_license":"1","date_updated":"2025-09-18T10:29:07Z","title":"Experimental evidence for Wigner's tunneling time","year":"2017","doi":"10.1088/1742-6596/999/1/012004","publication_status":"published","month":"07","article_processing_charge":"No","department":[{"_id":"MiLe"}],"conference":{"end_date":"2017-08-21","name":"Annual International Laser Physics Workshop LPHYS","start_date":"2017-08-17","location":"Kazan, Russian Federation"},"external_id":{"isi":["000432427200004"],"arxiv":["1611.03701"]},"article_number":"012004","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:45:46Z","arxiv":1,"related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","id":"6013","relation":"later_version"}]},"type":"conference","date_published":"2017-07-14T00:00:00Z","fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/999/1/012004"},{"publication":"Journal of Physics: Conference Series","scopus_import":"1","day":"01","article_type":"original","abstract":[{"text":"We have studied a coupled electronic-nuclear wave packet in nitric oxide using time-resolved strong-field photoelectron holography and rescattering. We show that the electronic dynamics mainly appears in the holographic structures whereas nuclear motion strongly modulates the angular distribution of the rescattered photoelectrons.","lang":"eng"}],"volume":635,"publication_identifier":{"issn":["1742-6588"],"eissn":["1742-6596"]},"citation":{"ama":"Walt SG, Ram NB, von Conta A, Baykusheva DR, Atala M, Wörner HJ. Resolving the dynamics of valence-shell electrons and nuclei through laser-induced diffraction and holography. <i>Journal of Physics: Conference Series</i>. 2015;635(11). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/635/11/112135\">10.1088/1742-6596/635/11/112135</a>","ista":"Walt SG, Ram NB, von Conta A, Baykusheva DR, Atala M, Wörner HJ. 2015. Resolving the dynamics of valence-shell electrons and nuclei through laser-induced diffraction and holography. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 635(11), 112135.","mla":"Walt, Samuel G., et al. “Resolving the Dynamics of Valence-Shell Electrons and Nuclei through Laser-Induced Diffraction and Holography.” <i>Journal of Physics: Conference Series</i>, vol. 635, no. 11, 112135, IOP Publishing, 2015, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/635/11/112135\">10.1088/1742-6596/635/11/112135</a>.","apa":"Walt, S. G., Ram, N. B., von Conta, A., Baykusheva, D. R., Atala, M., &#38; Wörner, H. J. (2015). Resolving the dynamics of valence-shell electrons and nuclei through laser-induced diffraction and holography. <i>Journal of Physics: Conference Series</i>. IOP Publishing. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/635/11/112135\">https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/635/11/112135</a>","short":"S.G. Walt, N.B. Ram, A. von Conta, D.R. Baykusheva, M. Atala, H.J. Wörner, Journal of Physics: Conference Series 635 (2015).","ieee":"S. G. Walt, N. B. Ram, A. von Conta, D. R. Baykusheva, M. Atala, and H. J. Wörner, “Resolving the dynamics of valence-shell electrons and nuclei through laser-induced diffraction and holography,” <i>Journal of Physics: Conference Series</i>, vol. 635, no. 11. IOP Publishing, 2015.","chicago":"Walt, Samuel G, N Bhargava Ram, Aaron von Conta, Denitsa Rangelova Baykusheva, Marcos Atala, and Hans Jakob Wörner. “Resolving the Dynamics of Valence-Shell Electrons and Nuclei through Laser-Induced Diffraction and Holography.” <i>Journal of Physics: Conference Series</i>. IOP Publishing, 2015. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/635/11/112135\">https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/635/11/112135</a>."},"keyword":["General Physics and Astronomy"],"oa_version":"Published Version","issue":"11","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"extern":"1","oa":1,"author":[{"first_name":"Samuel G","full_name":"Walt, Samuel G","last_name":"Walt"},{"last_name":"Ram","full_name":"Ram, N Bhargava","first_name":"N Bhargava"},{"first_name":"Aaron","last_name":"von Conta","full_name":"von Conta, Aaron"},{"id":"71b4d059-2a03-11ee-914d-dfa3beed6530","first_name":"Denitsa Rangelova","last_name":"Baykusheva","full_name":"Baykusheva, Denitsa Rangelova"},{"last_name":"Atala","full_name":"Atala, Marcos","first_name":"Marcos"},{"last_name":"Wörner","full_name":"Wörner, Hans Jakob","first_name":"Hans Jakob"}],"publisher":"IOP Publishing","intvolume":"       635","_id":"14014","status":"public","quality_controlled":"1","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","title":"Resolving the dynamics of valence-shell electrons and nuclei through laser-induced diffraction and holography","year":"2015","date_updated":"2023-08-22T08:51:33Z","doi":"10.1088/1742-6596/635/11/112135","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/635/11/112135"}],"publication_status":"published","article_processing_charge":"No","month":"11","article_number":"112135","date_created":"2023-08-10T06:37:44Z","date_published":"2015-11-01T00:00:00Z","type":"journal_article","fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/635/11/112135"},{"extern":"1","author":[{"first_name":"P M","full_name":"Kraus, P M","last_name":"Kraus"},{"full_name":"Mignolet, B","last_name":"Mignolet","first_name":"B"},{"first_name":"Denitsa Rangelova","id":"71b4d059-2a03-11ee-914d-dfa3beed6530","full_name":"Baykusheva, Denitsa Rangelova","last_name":"Baykusheva"},{"full_name":"Rupenyan, A","last_name":"Rupenyan","first_name":"A"},{"first_name":"L","full_name":"Horný, L","last_name":"Horný"},{"full_name":"Penka, E F","last_name":"Penka","first_name":"E F"},{"full_name":"Tolstikhin, O I","last_name":"Tolstikhin","first_name":"O I"},{"first_name":"J","last_name":"Schneider","full_name":"Schneider, J"},{"first_name":"F","last_name":"Jensen","full_name":"Jensen, F"},{"full_name":"Madsen, L B","last_name":"Madsen","first_name":"L B"},{"last_name":"Bandrauk","full_name":"Bandrauk, A D","first_name":"A D"},{"first_name":"F","last_name":"Remacle","full_name":"Remacle, F"},{"full_name":"Wörner, H J","last_name":"Wörner","first_name":"H J"}],"oa":1,"publisher":"IOP Publishing","intvolume":"       635","_id":"14015","status":"public","quality_controlled":"1","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","doi":"10.1088/1742-6596/635/11/112136","title":"Attosecond charge migration and its laser control","date_updated":"2023-08-22T08:49:14Z","year":"2015","publication_status":"published","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/635/11/112136"}],"month":"07","article_processing_charge":"No","article_number":"112136","date_created":"2023-08-10T06:37:53Z","type":"journal_article","date_published":"2015-07-01T00:00:00Z","fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/635/11/112136","publication":"Journal of Physics: Conference Series","day":"01","article_type":"original","scopus_import":"1","volume":635,"abstract":[{"text":"We advance high-harmonic spectroscopy to resolve molecular charge migration in time and space and simultaneously demonstrate extensive control over the process. A multidimensional approach enables us to reconstruct both quantum amplitudes and phases with a resolution of better than 100 attoseconds and to separately reconstruct field-free and laser- driven charge migration. Our techniques make charge migration in molecules measurable on the attosecond time scale and open new avenues for laser control of electronic primary processes.","lang":"eng"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["1742-6588"],"eissn":["1742-6596"]},"keyword":["General Physics and Astronomy"],"citation":{"short":"P.M. Kraus, B. Mignolet, D.R. Baykusheva, A. Rupenyan, L. Horný, E.F. Penka, O.I. Tolstikhin, J. Schneider, F. Jensen, L.B. Madsen, A.D. Bandrauk, F. Remacle, H.J. Wörner, Journal of Physics: Conference Series 635 (2015).","apa":"Kraus, P. M., Mignolet, B., Baykusheva, D. R., Rupenyan, A., Horný, L., Penka, E. F., … Wörner, H. J. (2015). Attosecond charge migration and its laser control. <i>Journal of Physics: Conference Series</i>. IOP Publishing. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/635/11/112136\">https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/635/11/112136</a>","chicago":"Kraus, P M, B Mignolet, Denitsa Rangelova Baykusheva, A Rupenyan, L Horný, E F Penka, O I Tolstikhin, et al. “Attosecond Charge Migration and Its Laser Control.” <i>Journal of Physics: Conference Series</i>. IOP Publishing, 2015. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/635/11/112136\">https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/635/11/112136</a>.","ieee":"P. M. Kraus <i>et al.</i>, “Attosecond charge migration and its laser control,” <i>Journal of Physics: Conference Series</i>, vol. 635, no. 11. IOP Publishing, 2015.","ama":"Kraus PM, Mignolet B, Baykusheva DR, et al. Attosecond charge migration and its laser control. <i>Journal of Physics: Conference Series</i>. 2015;635(11). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/635/11/112136\">10.1088/1742-6596/635/11/112136</a>","mla":"Kraus, P. M., et al. “Attosecond Charge Migration and Its Laser Control.” <i>Journal of Physics: Conference Series</i>, vol. 635, no. 11, 112136, IOP Publishing, 2015, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/635/11/112136\">10.1088/1742-6596/635/11/112136</a>.","ista":"Kraus PM, Mignolet B, Baykusheva DR, Rupenyan A, Horný L, Penka EF, Tolstikhin OI, Schneider J, Jensen F, Madsen LB, Bandrauk AD, Remacle F, Wörner HJ. 2015. Attosecond charge migration and its laser control. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 635(11), 112136."},"oa_version":"Published Version","issue":"11","language":[{"iso":"eng"}]},{"date_created":"2022-08-08T08:43:04Z","article_number":"032062","conference":{"location":"Karlsruhe, Germany","start_date":"2009-07-26","name":"ICM: International Conference on Magnetism","end_date":"2009-07-31"},"month":"07","article_processing_charge":"No","publication_status":"published","fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/200/3/032062","date_published":"2009-07-01T00:00:00Z","type":"conference","related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","id":"7080","relation":"later_version"}]},"intvolume":"       200","publisher":"IOP Publishing","author":[{"last_name":"Yang","full_name":"Yang, Xiaodong","first_name":"Xiaodong"},{"first_name":"Peter S","last_name":"Riseborough","full_name":"Riseborough, Peter S"},{"last_name":"Modic","full_name":"Modic, Kimberly A","id":"13C26AC0-EB69-11E9-87C6-5F3BE6697425","first_name":"Kimberly A","orcid":"0000-0001-9760-3147"},{"first_name":"R A","last_name":"Fisher","full_name":"Fisher, R A"},{"last_name":"Oppeil","full_name":"Oppeil, C P","first_name":"C P"},{"full_name":"Finlayson, T R","last_name":"Finlayson","first_name":"T R"},{"full_name":"Cooley, J C","last_name":"Cooley","first_name":"J C"},{"first_name":"J L","last_name":"Smith","full_name":"Smith, J L"},{"first_name":"P A","full_name":"Goddard, P A","last_name":"Goddard"},{"full_name":"Silhanek, A V","last_name":"Silhanek","first_name":"A V"},{"first_name":"J C","full_name":"Lashley, J C","last_name":"Lashley"}],"extern":"1","doi":"10.1088/1742-6596/200/3/032062","title":"Influence of magnetic fields on structural martensitic transitions","year":"2009","date_updated":"2023-02-23T12:58:33Z","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","status":"public","quality_controlled":"1","_id":"11752","citation":{"apa":"Yang, X., Riseborough, P. S., Modic, K. A., Fisher, R. A., Oppeil, C. P., Finlayson, T. R., … Lashley, J. C. (2009). Influence of magnetic fields on structural martensitic transitions. In <i>Journal of Physics: Conference Series</i> (Vol. 200). Karlsruhe, Germany: IOP Publishing. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/200/3/032062\">https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/200/3/032062</a>","short":"X. Yang, P.S. Riseborough, K.A. Modic, R.A. Fisher, C.P. Oppeil, T.R. Finlayson, J.C. Cooley, J.L. Smith, P.A. Goddard, A.V. Silhanek, J.C. Lashley, in:, Journal of Physics: Conference Series, IOP Publishing, 2009.","chicago":"Yang, Xiaodong, Peter S Riseborough, Kimberly A Modic, R A Fisher, C P Oppeil, T R Finlayson, J C Cooley, et al. “Influence of Magnetic Fields on Structural Martensitic Transitions.” In <i>Journal of Physics: Conference Series</i>, Vol. 200. IOP Publishing, 2009. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/200/3/032062\">https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/200/3/032062</a>.","ieee":"X. Yang <i>et al.</i>, “Influence of magnetic fields on structural martensitic transitions,” in <i>Journal of Physics: Conference Series</i>, Karlsruhe, Germany, 2009, vol. 200, no. 3.","ama":"Yang X, Riseborough PS, Modic KA, et al. Influence of magnetic fields on structural martensitic transitions. In: <i>Journal of Physics: Conference Series</i>. Vol 200. IOP Publishing; 2009. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/200/3/032062\">10.1088/1742-6596/200/3/032062</a>","ista":"Yang X, Riseborough PS, Modic KA, Fisher RA, Oppeil CP, Finlayson TR, Cooley JC, Smith JL, Goddard PA, Silhanek AV, Lashley JC. 2009. Influence of magnetic fields on structural martensitic transitions. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. ICM: International Conference on Magnetism, JPCS, vol. 200, 032062.","mla":"Yang, Xiaodong, et al. “Influence of Magnetic Fields on Structural Martensitic Transitions.” <i>Journal of Physics: Conference Series</i>, vol. 200, no. 3, 032062, IOP Publishing, 2009, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/200/3/032062\">10.1088/1742-6596/200/3/032062</a>."},"publication_identifier":{"issn":["1742-6588"],"eissn":["1742-6596"]},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"issue":"3","oa_version":"None","publication":"Journal of Physics: Conference Series","volume":200,"alternative_title":["JPCS"],"abstract":[{"text":"We propose a model which suggests that structural martensitic transitions are related to significant changes in the electronic structure, and are effected by high-magnetic fields. The magnetic field dependence is considered unusual as many influential investigations of martensitic transitions have emphasized that the structural transitions are primarily lattice dynamical and are driven by the entropy due to the phonons. We provide a theoretical framework which can be used to describe the effect of high magnetic field on the transition and lattice dynamics in which the field dependence originates from the dielectric constant. The model is compared with some recent experimental results.","lang":"eng"}],"day":"01","scopus_import":"1"}]