---
_id: '9438'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Rigorous investigation of synaptic transmission requires analysis of unitary
synaptic events by simultaneous recording from presynaptic terminals and postsynaptic
target neurons. However, this has been achieved at only a limited number of model
synapses, including the squid giant synapse and the mammalian calyx of Held. Cortical
presynaptic terminals have been largely inaccessible to direct presynaptic recording,
due to their small size. Here, we describe a protocol for improved subcellular
patch-clamp recording in rat and mouse brain slices, with the synapse in a largely
intact environment. Slice preparation takes ~2 h, recording ~3 h and post hoc
morphological analysis 2 d. Single presynaptic hippocampal mossy fiber terminals
are stimulated minimally invasively in the bouton-attached configuration, in which
the cytoplasmic content remains unperturbed, or in the whole-bouton configuration,
in which the cytoplasmic composition can be precisely controlled. Paired pre–postsynaptic
recordings can be integrated with biocytin labeling and morphological analysis,
allowing correlative investigation of synapse structure and function. Paired recordings
can be obtained from mossy fiber terminals in slices from both rats and mice,
implying applicability to genetically modified synapses. Paired recordings can
also be performed together with axon tract stimulation or optogenetic activation,
allowing comparison of unitary and compound synaptic events in the same target
cell. Finally, paired recordings can be combined with spontaneous event analysis,
permitting collection of miniature events generated at a single identified synapse.
In conclusion, the subcellular patch-clamp techniques detailed here should facilitate
analysis of biophysics, plasticity and circuit function of cortical synapses in
the mammalian central nervous system.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: M-Shop
acknowledgement: This project received funding from the European Research Council
(ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme
(grant agreement no. 692692 to P.J.) and the Fond zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen
Forschung (Z 312-B27, Wittgenstein award to P.J., V 739-B27 to C.B.M.). We are grateful
to F. Marr and C. Altmutter for excellent technical assistance and cell reconstruction,
E. Kralli-Beller for manuscript editing, and the Scientific Service Units of IST
Austria, especially T. Asenov and Miba machine shop, for maximally efficient support.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: David H
full_name: Vandael, David H
id: 3AE48E0A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Vandael
orcid: 0000-0001-7577-1676
- first_name: Yuji
full_name: Okamoto, Yuji
id: 3337E116-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Okamoto
orcid: 0000-0003-0408-6094
- first_name: Carolina
full_name: Borges Merjane, Carolina
id: 4305C450-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Borges Merjane
orcid: 0000-0003-0005-401X
- first_name: Victor M
full_name: Vargas Barroso, Victor M
id: 2F55A9DE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Vargas Barroso
- first_name: Benjamin
full_name: Suter, Benjamin
id: 4952F31E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Suter
orcid: 0000-0002-9885-6936
- first_name: Peter M
full_name: Jonas, Peter M
id: 353C1B58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Jonas
orcid: 0000-0001-5001-4804
citation:
ama: Vandael DH, Okamoto Y, Borges Merjane C, Vargas Barroso VM, Suter B, Jonas
PM. Subcellular patch-clamp techniques for single-bouton stimulation and simultaneous
pre- and postsynaptic recording at cortical synapses. Nature Protocols.
2021;16(6):2947–2967. doi:10.1038/s41596-021-00526-0
apa: Vandael, D. H., Okamoto, Y., Borges Merjane, C., Vargas Barroso, V. M., Suter,
B., & Jonas, P. M. (2021). Subcellular patch-clamp techniques for single-bouton
stimulation and simultaneous pre- and postsynaptic recording at cortical synapses.
Nature Protocols. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41596-021-00526-0
chicago: Vandael, David H, Yuji Okamoto, Carolina Borges Merjane, Victor M Vargas
Barroso, Benjamin Suter, and Peter M Jonas. “Subcellular Patch-Clamp Techniques
for Single-Bouton Stimulation and Simultaneous Pre- and Postsynaptic Recording
at Cortical Synapses.” Nature Protocols. Springer Nature, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41596-021-00526-0.
ieee: D. H. Vandael, Y. Okamoto, C. Borges Merjane, V. M. Vargas Barroso, B. Suter,
and P. M. Jonas, “Subcellular patch-clamp techniques for single-bouton stimulation
and simultaneous pre- and postsynaptic recording at cortical synapses,” Nature
Protocols, vol. 16, no. 6. Springer Nature, pp. 2947–2967, 2021.
ista: Vandael DH, Okamoto Y, Borges Merjane C, Vargas Barroso VM, Suter B, Jonas
PM. 2021. Subcellular patch-clamp techniques for single-bouton stimulation and
simultaneous pre- and postsynaptic recording at cortical synapses. Nature Protocols.
16(6), 2947–2967.
mla: Vandael, David H., et al. “Subcellular Patch-Clamp Techniques for Single-Bouton
Stimulation and Simultaneous Pre- and Postsynaptic Recording at Cortical Synapses.”
Nature Protocols, vol. 16, no. 6, Springer Nature, 2021, pp. 2947–2967,
doi:10.1038/s41596-021-00526-0.
short: D.H. Vandael, Y. Okamoto, C. Borges Merjane, V.M. Vargas Barroso, B. Suter,
P.M. Jonas, Nature Protocols 16 (2021) 2947–2967.
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2021-05-30T22:01:24Z
date_published: 2021-06-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-04-22T22:30:43Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '570'
department:
- _id: PeJo
doi: 10.1038/s41596-021-00526-0
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
isi:
- '000650528700003'
pmid:
- '33990799'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 7eb580abd8893cdb0b410cf41bc8c263
content_type: application/pdf
creator: cziletti
date_created: 2021-07-08T12:27:55Z
date_updated: 2021-12-02T23:30:05Z
embargo: 2021-12-01
file_id: '9639'
file_name: VandaeletalAuthorVersion2021.pdf
file_size: 38574802
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2021-12-02T23:30:05Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 16'
isi: 1
issue: '6'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Submitted Version
page: 2947–2967
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 25B7EB9E-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '692692'
name: Biophysics and circuit function of a giant cortical glutamatergic synapse
- _id: 25C5A090-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: Z00312
name: Synaptic communication in neuronal microcircuits
- _id: 2696E7FE-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: V00739
name: Structural plasticity at mossy fiber-CA3 synapses
publication: Nature Protocols
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1750-2799
issn:
- 1754-2189
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Subcellular patch-clamp techniques for single-bouton stimulation and simultaneous
pre- and postsynaptic recording at cortical synapses
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 16
year: '2021'
...
---
OA_type: closed access
_id: '3818'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Rigorous analysis of synaptic transmission in the central nervous system requires
access to presynaptic terminals. However, cortical terminals have been largely
inaccessible to presynaptic patch-clamp recording, due to their small size. Using
improved patch-clamp techniques in brain slices, we recorded from mossy fiber
terminals in the CA3 region of the hippocampus, which have a diameter of 2-5 microm.
The major steps of improvement were the enhanced visibility provided by high-numerical
aperture objectives and infrared illumination, the development of vibratomes with
minimal vertical blade vibrations and the use of sucrose-based solutions for storage
and cutting. Based on these improvements, we describe a protocol that allows us
to routinely record from hippocampal mossy fiber boutons. Presynaptic recordings
can be obtained in slices from both rats and mice. Presynaptic recordings can
be also obtained in slices from transgenic mice in which terminals are labeled
with enhanced green fluorescent protein.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Josef
full_name: Bischofberger, Josef
last_name: Bischofberger
- first_name: Dominique
full_name: Engel, Dominique
last_name: Engel
- first_name: Liyi
full_name: Li, Liyi
last_name: Li
- first_name: Jörg
full_name: Geiger, Jörg
last_name: Geiger
- first_name: Peter M
full_name: Jonas, Peter M
id: 353C1B58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Jonas
orcid: 0000-0001-5001-4804
citation:
ama: Bischofberger J, Engel D, Li L, Geiger J, Jonas PM. Patch-clamp recording from
mossy fiber terminals in hippocampal slices. Nature Protocols. 2006;1(4):2075-2081.
doi:10.1038/nprot.2006.312
apa: Bischofberger, J., Engel, D., Li, L., Geiger, J., & Jonas, P. M. (2006).
Patch-clamp recording from mossy fiber terminals in hippocampal slices. Nature
Protocols. Nature Publishing Group. https://doi.org/10.1038/nprot.2006.312
chicago: Bischofberger, Josef, Dominique Engel, Liyi Li, Jörg Geiger, and Peter
M Jonas. “Patch-Clamp Recording from Mossy Fiber Terminals in Hippocampal Slices.”
Nature Protocols. Nature Publishing Group, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1038/nprot.2006.312 .
ieee: J. Bischofberger, D. Engel, L. Li, J. Geiger, and P. M. Jonas, “Patch-clamp
recording from mossy fiber terminals in hippocampal slices,” Nature Protocols,
vol. 1, no. 4. Nature Publishing Group, pp. 2075–81, 2006.
ista: Bischofberger J, Engel D, Li L, Geiger J, Jonas PM. 2006. Patch-clamp recording
from mossy fiber terminals in hippocampal slices. Nature Protocols. 1(4), 2075–81.
mla: Bischofberger, Josef, et al. “Patch-Clamp Recording from Mossy Fiber Terminals
in Hippocampal Slices.” Nature Protocols, vol. 1, no. 4, Nature Publishing
Group, 2006, pp. 2075–81, doi:10.1038/nprot.2006.312 .
short: J. Bischofberger, D. Engel, L. Li, J. Geiger, P.M. Jonas, Nature Protocols
1 (2006) 2075–81.
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:05:20Z
date_published: 2006-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-08-27T08:31:06Z
day: '01'
doi: '10.1038/nprot.2006.312 '
extern: '1'
external_id:
pmid:
- '17487197'
intvolume: ' 1'
issue: '4'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '01'
oa_version: None
page: 2075 - 81
pmid: 1
publication: Nature Protocols
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1750-2799
issn:
- 1754-2189
publication_status: published
publisher: Nature Publishing Group
publist_id: '2392'
status: public
title: Patch-clamp recording from mossy fiber terminals in hippocampal slices
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 1
year: '2006'
...
---
OA_type: closed access
_id: '3020'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: High throughput microarray transcription analyses provide us with the expression
profiles for large amounts of plant genes. However, their tissue and cellular
resolution is limited. Thus, for detailed functional analysis, it is still necessary
to examine the expression pattern of selected candidate genes at a cellular level.
Here, we present an in situ mRNA hybridization method that is routinely used for
the analysis of plant gene expression patterns. The protocol is optimized for
whole mount mRNA localizations in Arabidopsis seedling tissues including embryos,
roots, hypocotyls and young primary leaves. It can also be used for comparable
tissues in other species. Part of the protocol can also be automated and performed
by a liquid handling robot. Here we present a detailed protocol, recommended controls
and troubleshooting, along with examples of several applications. The total time
to carry out the entire procedure is ∼7 d, depending on the tissue used.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Jan
full_name: Hejátko, Jan
last_name: Hejátko
- first_name: Ikram
full_name: Blilou, Ikram
last_name: Blilou
- first_name: Philip
full_name: Brewer, Philip
last_name: Brewer
- first_name: Jirí
full_name: Friml, Jirí
id: 4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Friml
orcid: 0000-0002-8302-7596
- first_name: Ben
full_name: Scheres, Ben
last_name: Scheres
- first_name: Eva
full_name: Benková, Eva
id: 38F4F166-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Benková
orcid: 0000-0002-8510-9739
citation:
ama: Hejátko J, Blilou I, Brewer P, Friml J, Scheres B, Benková E. In situ hybridization
technique for mRNA detection in whole mount Arabidopsis samples. Nature Protocols.
2006;1(4):1939-1946. doi:10.1038/nprot.2006.333
apa: Hejátko, J., Blilou, I., Brewer, P., Friml, J., Scheres, B., & Benková,
E. (2006). In situ hybridization technique for mRNA detection in whole mount Arabidopsis
samples. Nature Protocols. Nature Publishing Group. https://doi.org/10.1038/nprot.2006.333
chicago: Hejátko, Jan, Ikram Blilou, Philip Brewer, Jiří Friml, Ben Scheres, and
Eva Benková. “In Situ Hybridization Technique for MRNA Detection in Whole Mount
Arabidopsis Samples.” Nature Protocols. Nature Publishing Group, 2006.
https://doi.org/10.1038/nprot.2006.333.
ieee: J. Hejátko, I. Blilou, P. Brewer, J. Friml, B. Scheres, and E. Benková, “In
situ hybridization technique for mRNA detection in whole mount Arabidopsis samples,”
Nature Protocols, vol. 1, no. 4. Nature Publishing Group, pp. 1939–1946,
2006.
ista: Hejátko J, Blilou I, Brewer P, Friml J, Scheres B, Benková E. 2006. In situ
hybridization technique for mRNA detection in whole mount Arabidopsis samples.
Nature Protocols. 1(4), 1939–1946.
mla: Hejátko, Jan, et al. “In Situ Hybridization Technique for MRNA Detection in
Whole Mount Arabidopsis Samples.” Nature Protocols, vol. 1, no. 4, Nature
Publishing Group, 2006, pp. 1939–46, doi:10.1038/nprot.2006.333.
short: J. Hejátko, I. Blilou, P. Brewer, J. Friml, B. Scheres, E. Benková, Nature
Protocols 1 (2006) 1939–1946.
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:00:54Z
date_published: 2006-11-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-09-02T13:07:19Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1038/nprot.2006.333
extern: '1'
external_id:
pmid:
- '17487180'
intvolume: ' 1'
issue: '4'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '11'
oa_version: None
page: 1939 - 1946
pmid: 1
publication: Nature Protocols
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1750-2799
issn:
- 1754-2189
publication_status: published
publisher: Nature Publishing Group
publist_id: '3683'
status: public
title: In situ hybridization technique for mRNA detection in whole mount Arabidopsis
samples
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 1
year: '2006'
...
---
OA_type: closed access
_id: '3015'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'As the field of plant molecular biology is swiftly advancing, a need has
been created for methods that allow rapid and reliable in situ localization of
proteins in plant cells. Here we describe a whole-mount ''immunolocalization''
technique for various plant tissues, including roots, hypocotyls, cotyledons,
young primary leaves and embryos of Arabidopsis thaliana and other species. The
detailed protocol, recommended controls and troubleshooting are presented, along
with examples of applications. The protocol consists of five main procedures:
tissue fixation, tissue permeation, blocking, primary and secondary antibody incubation.
Notably, the first procedure (tissue fixation) includes several steps (4-12) that
are absolutely necessary for protein localization in hypocotyls, cotyledons and
young primary leaves but should be omitted for other tissues. The protocol is
usually done in 3 days, but could also be completed in 2 days.'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Michael
full_name: Sauer, Michael
last_name: Sauer
- first_name: Tomasz
full_name: Paciorek, Tomasz
last_name: Paciorek
- first_name: Eva
full_name: Benková, Eva
id: 38F4F166-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Benková
orcid: 0000-0002-8510-9739
- first_name: Jirí
full_name: Friml, Jirí
id: 4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Friml
orcid: 0000-0002-8302-7596
citation:
ama: Sauer M, Paciorek T, Benková E, Friml J. Immunocytochemical techniques for
whole mount in situ protein localization in plants. Nature Protocols. 2006;1(1):98-103.
doi:10.1038/nprot.2006.15
apa: Sauer, M., Paciorek, T., Benková, E., & Friml, J. (2006). Immunocytochemical
techniques for whole mount in situ protein localization in plants. Nature Protocols.
Nature Publishing Group. https://doi.org/10.1038/nprot.2006.15
chicago: Sauer, Michael, Tomasz Paciorek, Eva Benková, and Jiří Friml. “Immunocytochemical
Techniques for Whole Mount in Situ Protein Localization in Plants.” Nature
Protocols. Nature Publishing Group, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1038/nprot.2006.15.
ieee: M. Sauer, T. Paciorek, E. Benková, and J. Friml, “Immunocytochemical techniques
for whole mount in situ protein localization in plants,” Nature Protocols,
vol. 1, no. 1. Nature Publishing Group, pp. 98–103, 2006.
ista: Sauer M, Paciorek T, Benková E, Friml J. 2006. Immunocytochemical techniques
for whole mount in situ protein localization in plants. Nature Protocols. 1(1),
98–103.
mla: Sauer, Michael, et al. “Immunocytochemical Techniques for Whole Mount in Situ
Protein Localization in Plants.” Nature Protocols, vol. 1, no. 1, Nature
Publishing Group, 2006, pp. 98–103, doi:10.1038/nprot.2006.15.
short: M. Sauer, T. Paciorek, E. Benková, J. Friml, Nature Protocols 1 (2006) 98–103.
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:00:52Z
date_published: 2006-06-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-09-02T13:17:35Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1038/nprot.2006.15
extern: '1'
external_id:
pmid:
- '17406218'
intvolume: ' 1'
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '06'
oa_version: None
page: 98 - 103
pmid: 1
publication: Nature Protocols
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1750-2799
issn:
- 1754-2189
publication_status: published
publisher: Nature Publishing Group
publist_id: '3688'
status: public
title: Immunocytochemical techniques for whole mount in situ protein localization
in plants
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 1
year: '2006'
...
---
OA_type: closed access
_id: '3013'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'There is a growing demand for methods that allow rapid and reliable in situ
localization of proteins in plant cells. The immunocytochemistry protocol presented
here can be used routinely to observe protein localization patterns in tissue
sections of various plant species. This protocol is especially suitable for plant
species with more-complex tissue architecture (such as maize, Zea mays), which
makes it difficult to use an easier whole-mount procedure for protein localization.
To facilitate the antibody-antigen reaction, it is necessary to include a wax-embedding
and tissue-sectioning step. The protocol consists of the following procedures:
chemical fixation of tissue, dehydration, wax embedding, sectioning, dewaxing,
rehydration, blocking and antibody incubation. The detailed protocol, recommended
controls and troubleshooting are presented here, along with examples of applications.'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Tomasz
full_name: Paciorek, Tomasz
last_name: Paciorek
- first_name: Michael
full_name: Sauer, Michael
last_name: Sauer
- first_name: Jozef
full_name: Balla, Jozef
last_name: Balla
- first_name: Justyna
full_name: Wiśniewska, Justyna
last_name: Wiśniewska
- first_name: Jirí
full_name: Friml, Jirí
id: 4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Friml
orcid: 0000-0002-8302-7596
citation:
ama: Paciorek T, Sauer M, Balla J, Wiśniewska J, Friml J. Immunocytochemical technique
for protein localization in sections of plant tissues. Nature Protocols.
2006;1(1):104-107. doi:10.1038/nprot.2006.16
apa: Paciorek, T., Sauer, M., Balla, J., Wiśniewska, J., & Friml, J. (2006).
Immunocytochemical technique for protein localization in sections of plant tissues.
Nature Protocols. Nature Publishing Group. https://doi.org/10.1038/nprot.2006.16
chicago: Paciorek, Tomasz, Michael Sauer, Jozef Balla, Justyna Wiśniewska, and Jiří
Friml. “Immunocytochemical Technique for Protein Localization in Sections of Plant
Tissues.” Nature Protocols. Nature Publishing Group, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1038/nprot.2006.16.
ieee: T. Paciorek, M. Sauer, J. Balla, J. Wiśniewska, and J. Friml, “Immunocytochemical
technique for protein localization in sections of plant tissues,” Nature Protocols,
vol. 1, no. 1. Nature Publishing Group, pp. 104–107, 2006.
ista: Paciorek T, Sauer M, Balla J, Wiśniewska J, Friml J. 2006. Immunocytochemical
technique for protein localization in sections of plant tissues. Nature Protocols.
1(1), 104–107.
mla: Paciorek, Tomasz, et al. “Immunocytochemical Technique for Protein Localization
in Sections of Plant Tissues.” Nature Protocols, vol. 1, no. 1, Nature
Publishing Group, 2006, pp. 104–07, doi:10.1038/nprot.2006.16.
short: T. Paciorek, M. Sauer, J. Balla, J. Wiśniewska, J. Friml, Nature Protocols
1 (2006) 104–107.
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:00:52Z
date_published: 2006-06-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-09-02T13:18:47Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1038/nprot.2006.16
extern: '1'
external_id:
pmid:
- '17406219'
intvolume: ' 1'
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '06'
oa_version: None
page: 104 - 107
pmid: 1
publication: Nature Protocols
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1750-2799
issn:
- 1754-2189
publication_status: published
publisher: Nature Publishing Group
publist_id: '3689'
status: public
title: Immunocytochemical technique for protein localization in sections of plant
tissues
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 1
year: '2006'
...
---
OA_type: closed access
_id: '3014'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Plant biology is currently confronted with an overflow of expression profile
data provided by high-throughput microarray transcription analyses. However, the
tissue and cellular resolution of these techniques is limited. Thus, it is still
necessary to examine the expression pattern of selected candidate genes at a cellular
level. Here we present an in situ mRNA hybridization method that is routinely
used in the analysis of gene expression patterns. The protocol is optimized for
mRNA localizations in sectioned tissue of Arabidopsis seedlings including embryos,
roots, hypocotyls, young primary leaves and flowers. The detailed protocol, recommended
controls and troubleshooting are presented along with examples of application.
The total time for the process is 10 days.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Philip
full_name: Brewer, Philip
last_name: Brewer
- first_name: Marcus
full_name: Heisler, Marcus
last_name: Heisler
- first_name: Jan
full_name: Hejátko, Jan
last_name: Hejátko
- first_name: Jirí
full_name: Friml, Jirí
id: 4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Friml
orcid: 0000-0002-8302-7596
- first_name: Eva
full_name: Benková, Eva
id: 38F4F166-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Benková
orcid: 0000-0002-8510-9739
citation:
ama: Brewer P, Heisler M, Hejátko J, Friml J, Benková E. In situ hybridization for
mRNA detection in Arabidopsis tissue sections. Nature Protocols. 2006;1(3):1462-1467.
doi:10.1038/nprot.2006.226
apa: Brewer, P., Heisler, M., Hejátko, J., Friml, J., & Benková, E. (2006).
In situ hybridization for mRNA detection in Arabidopsis tissue sections. Nature
Protocols. Nature Publishing Group. https://doi.org/10.1038/nprot.2006.226
chicago: Brewer, Philip, Marcus Heisler, Jan Hejátko, Jiří Friml, and Eva Benková.
“In Situ Hybridization for MRNA Detection in Arabidopsis Tissue Sections.” Nature
Protocols. Nature Publishing Group, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1038/nprot.2006.226.
ieee: P. Brewer, M. Heisler, J. Hejátko, J. Friml, and E. Benková, “In situ hybridization
for mRNA detection in Arabidopsis tissue sections,” Nature Protocols, vol.
1, no. 3. Nature Publishing Group, pp. 1462–1467, 2006.
ista: Brewer P, Heisler M, Hejátko J, Friml J, Benková E. 2006. In situ hybridization
for mRNA detection in Arabidopsis tissue sections. Nature Protocols. 1(3), 1462–1467.
mla: Brewer, Philip, et al. “In Situ Hybridization for MRNA Detection in Arabidopsis
Tissue Sections.” Nature Protocols, vol. 1, no. 3, Nature Publishing Group,
2006, pp. 1462–67, doi:10.1038/nprot.2006.226.
short: P. Brewer, M. Heisler, J. Hejátko, J. Friml, E. Benková, Nature Protocols
1 (2006) 1462–1467.
date_created: 2018-12-11T12:00:52Z
date_published: 2006-08-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-09-02T13:15:08Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1038/nprot.2006.226
extern: '1'
external_id:
pmid:
- '17406436'
intvolume: ' 1'
issue: '3'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '08'
oa_version: None
page: 1462 - 1467
pmid: 1
publication: Nature Protocols
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1750-2799
issn:
- 1754-2189
publication_status: published
publisher: Nature Publishing Group
publist_id: '3687'
status: public
title: In situ hybridization for mRNA detection in Arabidopsis tissue sections
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 1
year: '2006'
...