---
_id: '12574'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Melt from supraglacial ice cliffs is an important contributor to the mass
loss of debris-covered glaciers. However, ice cliff contribution is difficult
to quantify as they are highly dynamic features, and the paucity of observations
of melt rates and their variability leads to large modelling uncertainties. We
quantify monsoon season melt and 3D evolution of four ice cliffs over two debris-covered
glaciers in High Mountain Asia (Langtang Glacier, Nepal, and 24K Glacier, China)
at very high resolution using terrestrial photogrammetry applied to imagery captured
from time-lapse cameras installed on lateral moraines. We derive weekly flow-corrected
digital elevation models (DEMs) of the glacier surface with a maximum vertical
bias of ±0.2 m for Langtang Glacier and ±0.05 m for 24K Glacier and use change
detection to determine distributed melt rates at the surfaces of the ice cliffs
throughout the study period. We compare the measured melt patterns with those
derived from a 3D energy balance model to derive the contribution of the main
energy fluxes. We find that ice cliff melt varies considerably throughout the
melt season, with maximum melt rates of 5 to 8 cm d−1, and their average melt
rates are 11–14 (Langtang) and 4.5 (24K) times higher than the surrounding debris-covered
ice. Our results highlight the influence of redistributed supraglacial debris
on cliff melt. At both sites, ice cliff albedo is influenced by the presence of
thin debris at the ice cliff surface, which is largely controlled on 24K Glacier
by liquid precipitation events that wash away this debris. Slightly thicker or
patchy debris reduces melt by 1–3 cm d−1 at all sites. Ultimately, our observations
show a strong spatio-temporal variability in cliff area at each site, which is
controlled by supraglacial streams and ponds and englacial cavities that promote
debris slope destabilisation and the lateral expansion of the cliffs. These findings
highlight the need to better represent processes of debris redistribution in ice
cliff models, to in turn improve estimates of ice cliff contribution to glacier
melt and the long-term geomorphological evolution of debris-covered glacier surfaces.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Marin
full_name: Kneib, Marin
last_name: Kneib
- first_name: Evan S.
full_name: Miles, Evan S.
last_name: Miles
- first_name: Pascal
full_name: Buri, Pascal
last_name: Buri
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Fugger, Stefan
last_name: Fugger
- first_name: Michael
full_name: McCarthy, Michael
last_name: McCarthy
- first_name: Thomas E.
full_name: Shaw, Thomas E.
last_name: Shaw
- first_name: Zhao
full_name: Chuanxi, Zhao
last_name: Chuanxi
- first_name: Martin
full_name: Truffer, Martin
last_name: Truffer
- first_name: Matthew J.
full_name: Westoby, Matthew J.
last_name: Westoby
- first_name: Wei
full_name: Yang, Wei
last_name: Yang
- first_name: Francesca
full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca
id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70
last_name: Pellicciotti
citation:
ama: Kneib M, Miles ES, Buri P, et al. Sub-seasonal variability of supraglacial
ice cliff melt rates and associated processes from time-lapse photogrammetry.
The Cryosphere. 2022;16(11):4701-4725. doi:10.5194/tc-16-4701-2022
apa: Kneib, M., Miles, E. S., Buri, P., Fugger, S., McCarthy, M., Shaw, T. E., …
Pellicciotti, F. (2022). Sub-seasonal variability of supraglacial ice cliff melt
rates and associated processes from time-lapse photogrammetry. The Cryosphere.
Copernicus Publications. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-4701-2022
chicago: Kneib, Marin, Evan S. Miles, Pascal Buri, Stefan Fugger, Michael McCarthy,
Thomas E. Shaw, Zhao Chuanxi, et al. “Sub-Seasonal Variability of Supraglacial
Ice Cliff Melt Rates and Associated Processes from Time-Lapse Photogrammetry.”
The Cryosphere. Copernicus Publications, 2022. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-4701-2022.
ieee: M. Kneib et al., “Sub-seasonal variability of supraglacial ice cliff
melt rates and associated processes from time-lapse photogrammetry,” The Cryosphere,
vol. 16, no. 11. Copernicus Publications, pp. 4701–4725, 2022.
ista: Kneib M, Miles ES, Buri P, Fugger S, McCarthy M, Shaw TE, Chuanxi Z, Truffer
M, Westoby MJ, Yang W, Pellicciotti F. 2022. Sub-seasonal variability of supraglacial
ice cliff melt rates and associated processes from time-lapse photogrammetry.
The Cryosphere. 16(11), 4701–4725.
mla: Kneib, Marin, et al. “Sub-Seasonal Variability of Supraglacial Ice Cliff Melt
Rates and Associated Processes from Time-Lapse Photogrammetry.” The Cryosphere,
vol. 16, no. 11, Copernicus Publications, 2022, pp. 4701–25, doi:10.5194/tc-16-4701-2022.
short: M. Kneib, E.S. Miles, P. Buri, S. Fugger, M. McCarthy, T.E. Shaw, Z. Chuanxi,
M. Truffer, M.J. Westoby, W. Yang, F. Pellicciotti, The Cryosphere 16 (2022) 4701–4725.
date_created: 2023-02-20T08:09:42Z
date_published: 2022-11-11T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-02-28T13:59:22Z
day: '11'
doi: 10.5194/tc-16-4701-2022
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 16'
issue: '11'
keyword:
- Earth-Surface Processes
- Water Science and Technology
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-4701-2022
month: '11'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 4701-4725
publication: The Cryosphere
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 1994-0424
publication_status: published
publisher: Copernicus Publications
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Sub-seasonal variability of supraglacial ice cliff melt rates and associated
processes from time-lapse photogrammetry
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 16
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '12578'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Currently, about 12 %–13 % of High Mountain Asia’s glacier area is debris-covered,
which alters its surface mass balance. However, in regional-scale modelling approaches,
debris-covered glaciers are typically treated as clean-ice glaciers, leading to
a bias when modelling their future evolution. Here, we present a new approach
for modelling debris area and thickness evolution, applicable from single glaciers
to the global scale. We derive a parameterization and implement it as a module
into the Global Glacier Evolution Model (GloGEMflow), a combined mass-balance
ice-flow model. The module is initialized with both glacier-specific observations
of the debris' spatial distribution and estimates of debris thickness. These data
sets account for the fact that debris can either enhance or reduce surface melt
depending on thickness. Our model approach also enables representing the spatiotemporal
evolution of debris extent and thickness. We calibrate and evaluate the module
on a selected subset of glaciers and apply GloGEMflow using different climate
scenarios to project the future evolution of all glaciers in High Mountain Asia
until 2100. Explicitly accounting for debris cover has only a minor effect on
the projected mass loss, which is in line with previous projections. Despite this
small effect, we argue that the improved process representation is of added value
when aiming at capturing intra-glacier scales, i.e. spatial mass-balance distribution.\r\nDepending
on the climate scenario, the mean debris-cover fraction is expected to increase,
while mean debris thickness is projected to show only minor changes, although
large local thickening is expected. To isolate the influence of explicitly accounting
for supraglacial debris cover, we re-compute glacier evolution without the debris-cover
module. We show that glacier geometry, area, volume, and flow velocity evolve
differently, especially at the level of individual glaciers. This highlights the
importance of accounting for debris cover and its spatiotemporal evolution when
projecting future glacier changes."
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Loris
full_name: Compagno, Loris
last_name: Compagno
- first_name: Matthias
full_name: Huss, Matthias
last_name: Huss
- first_name: Evan Stewart
full_name: Miles, Evan Stewart
last_name: Miles
- first_name: Michael James
full_name: McCarthy, Michael James
last_name: McCarthy
- first_name: Harry
full_name: Zekollari, Harry
last_name: Zekollari
- first_name: Amaury
full_name: Dehecq, Amaury
last_name: Dehecq
- first_name: Francesca
full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca
id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70
last_name: Pellicciotti
- first_name: Daniel
full_name: Farinotti, Daniel
last_name: Farinotti
citation:
ama: 'Compagno L, Huss M, Miles ES, et al. Modelling supraglacial debris-cover evolution
from the single-glacier to the regional scale: An application to High Mountain
Asia. The Cryosphere. 2022;16(5):1697-1718. doi:10.5194/tc-16-1697-2022'
apa: 'Compagno, L., Huss, M., Miles, E. S., McCarthy, M. J., Zekollari, H., Dehecq,
A., … Farinotti, D. (2022). Modelling supraglacial debris-cover evolution from
the single-glacier to the regional scale: An application to High Mountain Asia.
The Cryosphere. Copernicus Publications. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-1697-2022'
chicago: 'Compagno, Loris, Matthias Huss, Evan Stewart Miles, Michael James McCarthy,
Harry Zekollari, Amaury Dehecq, Francesca Pellicciotti, and Daniel Farinotti.
“Modelling Supraglacial Debris-Cover Evolution from the Single-Glacier to the
Regional Scale: An Application to High Mountain Asia.” The Cryosphere.
Copernicus Publications, 2022. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-1697-2022.'
ieee: 'L. Compagno et al., “Modelling supraglacial debris-cover evolution
from the single-glacier to the regional scale: An application to High Mountain
Asia,” The Cryosphere, vol. 16, no. 5. Copernicus Publications, pp. 1697–1718,
2022.'
ista: 'Compagno L, Huss M, Miles ES, McCarthy MJ, Zekollari H, Dehecq A, Pellicciotti
F, Farinotti D. 2022. Modelling supraglacial debris-cover evolution from the single-glacier
to the regional scale: An application to High Mountain Asia. The Cryosphere. 16(5),
1697–1718.'
mla: 'Compagno, Loris, et al. “Modelling Supraglacial Debris-Cover Evolution from
the Single-Glacier to the Regional Scale: An Application to High Mountain Asia.”
The Cryosphere, vol. 16, no. 5, Copernicus Publications, 2022, pp. 1697–718,
doi:10.5194/tc-16-1697-2022.'
short: L. Compagno, M. Huss, E.S. Miles, M.J. McCarthy, H. Zekollari, A. Dehecq,
F. Pellicciotti, D. Farinotti, The Cryosphere 16 (2022) 1697–1718.
date_created: 2023-02-20T08:10:09Z
date_published: 2022-05-05T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-02-28T13:47:17Z
day: '05'
doi: 10.5194/tc-16-1697-2022
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 16'
issue: '5'
keyword:
- Earth-Surface Processes
- Water Science and Technology
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-1697-2022
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 1697-1718
publication: The Cryosphere
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 1994-0424
publication_status: published
publisher: Copernicus Publications
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Modelling supraglacial debris-cover evolution from the single-glacier to the
regional scale: An application to High Mountain Asia'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 16
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '12579'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "The Indian and East Asian summer monsoons shape the melt and accumulation
patterns of glaciers in High Mountain Asia in complex ways due to the interaction
of persistent cloud cover, large temperature ranges, high atmospheric water content
and high precipitation rates. Glacier energy- and mass-balance modelling using
in situ measurements offers insights into the ways in which surface processes
are shaped by climatic regimes. In this study, we use a full energy- and mass-balance
model and seven on-glacier automatic weather station datasets from different parts
of the Central and Eastern Himalaya to investigate how monsoon conditions influence
the glacier surface energy and mass balance. In particular, we look at how debris-covered
and debris-free glaciers respond differently to monsoonal conditions.\r\nThe radiation
budget primarily controls the melt of clean-ice glaciers, but turbulent fluxes
play an important role in modulating the melt energy on debris-covered glaciers.
The sensible heat flux decreases during core monsoon, but the latent heat flux
cools the surface due to evaporation of liquid water. This interplay of radiative
and turbulent fluxes causes debris-covered glacier melt rates to stay almost constant
through the different phases of the monsoon. Ice melt under thin debris, on the
other hand, is amplified by both the dark surface and the turbulent fluxes, which
intensify melt during monsoon through surface heating and condensation.\r\nPre-monsoon
snow cover can considerably delay melt onset and have a strong impact on the seasonal
mass balance. Intermittent monsoon snow cover lowers the melt rates at high elevation.
This work is fundamental to the understanding of the present and future Himalayan
cryosphere and water budget, while informing and motivating further glacier- and
catchment-scale research using process-based models."
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Fugger, Stefan
last_name: Fugger
- first_name: Catriona L.
full_name: Fyffe, Catriona L.
last_name: Fyffe
- first_name: Simone
full_name: Fatichi, Simone
last_name: Fatichi
- first_name: Evan
full_name: Miles, Evan
last_name: Miles
- first_name: Michael
full_name: McCarthy, Michael
last_name: McCarthy
- first_name: Thomas E.
full_name: Shaw, Thomas E.
last_name: Shaw
- first_name: Baohong
full_name: Ding, Baohong
last_name: Ding
- first_name: Wei
full_name: Yang, Wei
last_name: Yang
- first_name: Patrick
full_name: Wagnon, Patrick
last_name: Wagnon
- first_name: Walter
full_name: Immerzeel, Walter
last_name: Immerzeel
- first_name: Qiao
full_name: Liu, Qiao
last_name: Liu
- first_name: Francesca
full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca
id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70
last_name: Pellicciotti
citation:
ama: Fugger S, Fyffe CL, Fatichi S, et al. Understanding monsoon controls on the
energy and mass balance of glaciers in the Central and Eastern Himalaya. The
Cryosphere. 2022;16(5):1631-1652. doi:10.5194/tc-16-1631-2022
apa: Fugger, S., Fyffe, C. L., Fatichi, S., Miles, E., McCarthy, M., Shaw, T. E.,
… Pellicciotti, F. (2022). Understanding monsoon controls on the energy and mass
balance of glaciers in the Central and Eastern Himalaya. The Cryosphere.
Copernicus Publications. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-1631-2022
chicago: Fugger, Stefan, Catriona L. Fyffe, Simone Fatichi, Evan Miles, Michael
McCarthy, Thomas E. Shaw, Baohong Ding, et al. “Understanding Monsoon Controls
on the Energy and Mass Balance of Glaciers in the Central and Eastern Himalaya.”
The Cryosphere. Copernicus Publications, 2022. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-1631-2022.
ieee: S. Fugger et al., “Understanding monsoon controls on the energy and
mass balance of glaciers in the Central and Eastern Himalaya,” The Cryosphere,
vol. 16, no. 5. Copernicus Publications, pp. 1631–1652, 2022.
ista: Fugger S, Fyffe CL, Fatichi S, Miles E, McCarthy M, Shaw TE, Ding B, Yang
W, Wagnon P, Immerzeel W, Liu Q, Pellicciotti F. 2022. Understanding monsoon controls
on the energy and mass balance of glaciers in the Central and Eastern Himalaya.
The Cryosphere. 16(5), 1631–1652.
mla: Fugger, Stefan, et al. “Understanding Monsoon Controls on the Energy and Mass
Balance of Glaciers in the Central and Eastern Himalaya.” The Cryosphere,
vol. 16, no. 5, Copernicus Publications, 2022, pp. 1631–52, doi:10.5194/tc-16-1631-2022.
short: S. Fugger, C.L. Fyffe, S. Fatichi, E. Miles, M. McCarthy, T.E. Shaw, B. Ding,
W. Yang, P. Wagnon, W. Immerzeel, Q. Liu, F. Pellicciotti, The Cryosphere 16 (2022)
1631–1652.
date_created: 2023-02-20T08:10:16Z
date_published: 2022-05-05T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-02-28T13:45:01Z
day: '05'
doi: 10.5194/tc-16-1631-2022
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 16'
issue: '5'
keyword:
- Earth-Surface Processes
- Water Science and Technology
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-1631-2022
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 1631-1652
publication: The Cryosphere
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 1994-0424
publication_status: published
publisher: Copernicus Publications
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Understanding monsoon controls on the energy and mass balance of glaciers in
the Central and Eastern Himalaya
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 16
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '12589'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Near-surface air temperature (Ta) is highly important for modelling glacier
ablation, though its spatio-temporal variability over melting glaciers still remains
largely unknown. We present a new dataset of distributed Ta for three glaciers
of different size in the south-east Tibetan Plateau during two monsoon-dominated
summer seasons. We compare on-glacier Ta to ambient Ta extrapolated from several
local off-glacier stations. We parameterise the along-flowline sensitivity of
Ta on these glaciers to changes in off-glacier temperatures (referred to as “temperature
sensitivity”) and present the results in the context of available distributed
on-glacier datasets around the world. Temperature sensitivity decreases rapidly
up to 2000–3000 m along the down-glacier flowline distance. Beyond this distance,
both the Ta on the Tibetan glaciers and global glacier datasets show little additional
cooling relative to the off-glacier temperature. In general, Ta on small glaciers
(with flowline distances <1000 m) is highly sensitive to temperature changes outside
the glacier boundary layer. The climatology of a given region can influence the
general magnitude of this temperature sensitivity, though no strong relationships
are found between along-flowline temperature sensitivity and mean summer temperatures
or precipitation. The terminus of some glaciers is affected by other warm-air
processes that increase temperature sensitivity (such as divergent boundary layer
flow, warm up-valley winds or debris/valley heating effects) which are evident
only beyond ∼70 % of the total glacier flowline distance. Our results therefore
suggest a strong role of local effects in modulating temperature sensitivity close
to the glacier terminus, although further work is still required to explain the
variability of these effects for different glaciers.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Thomas E.
full_name: Shaw, Thomas E.
last_name: Shaw
- first_name: Wei
full_name: Yang, Wei
last_name: Yang
- first_name: Álvaro
full_name: Ayala, Álvaro
last_name: Ayala
- first_name: Claudio
full_name: Bravo, Claudio
last_name: Bravo
- first_name: Chuanxi
full_name: Zhao, Chuanxi
last_name: Zhao
- first_name: Francesca
full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca
id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70
last_name: Pellicciotti
citation:
ama: 'Shaw TE, Yang W, Ayala Á, Bravo C, Zhao C, Pellicciotti F. Distributed summer
air temperatures across mountain glaciers in the south-east Tibetan Plateau: Temperature
sensitivity and comparison with existing glacier datasets. The Cryosphere.
2021;15(2):595-614. doi:10.5194/tc-15-595-2021'
apa: 'Shaw, T. E., Yang, W., Ayala, Á., Bravo, C., Zhao, C., & Pellicciotti,
F. (2021). Distributed summer air temperatures across mountain glaciers in the
south-east Tibetan Plateau: Temperature sensitivity and comparison with existing
glacier datasets. The Cryosphere. Copernicus Publications. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-595-2021'
chicago: 'Shaw, Thomas E., Wei Yang, Álvaro Ayala, Claudio Bravo, Chuanxi Zhao,
and Francesca Pellicciotti. “Distributed Summer Air Temperatures across Mountain
Glaciers in the South-East Tibetan Plateau: Temperature Sensitivity and Comparison
with Existing Glacier Datasets.” The Cryosphere. Copernicus Publications,
2021. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-595-2021.'
ieee: 'T. E. Shaw, W. Yang, Á. Ayala, C. Bravo, C. Zhao, and F. Pellicciotti, “Distributed
summer air temperatures across mountain glaciers in the south-east Tibetan Plateau:
Temperature sensitivity and comparison with existing glacier datasets,” The
Cryosphere, vol. 15, no. 2. Copernicus Publications, pp. 595–614, 2021.'
ista: 'Shaw TE, Yang W, Ayala Á, Bravo C, Zhao C, Pellicciotti F. 2021. Distributed
summer air temperatures across mountain glaciers in the south-east Tibetan Plateau:
Temperature sensitivity and comparison with existing glacier datasets. The Cryosphere.
15(2), 595–614.'
mla: 'Shaw, Thomas E., et al. “Distributed Summer Air Temperatures across Mountain
Glaciers in the South-East Tibetan Plateau: Temperature Sensitivity and Comparison
with Existing Glacier Datasets.” The Cryosphere, vol. 15, no. 2, Copernicus
Publications, 2021, pp. 595–614, doi:10.5194/tc-15-595-2021.'
short: T.E. Shaw, W. Yang, Á. Ayala, C. Bravo, C. Zhao, F. Pellicciotti, The Cryosphere
15 (2021) 595–614.
date_created: 2023-02-20T08:11:56Z
date_published: 2021-02-09T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-02-28T12:58:27Z
day: '09'
doi: 10.5194/tc-15-595-2021
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 15'
issue: '2'
keyword:
- Earth-Surface Processes
- Water Science and Technology
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-595-2021
month: '02'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 595-614
publication: The Cryosphere
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 1994-0424
publication_status: published
publisher: Copernicus Publications
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Distributed summer air temperatures across mountain glaciers in the south-east
Tibetan Plateau: Temperature sensitivity and comparison with existing glacier datasets'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 15
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '12596'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: As glaciers adjust their size in response to climate variations, long-term
changes in meltwater production can be expected, affecting the local availability
of water resources. We investigate glacier runoff in the period 1955–2016 in the
Maipo River basin (4843 km2, 33.0–34.3∘ S, 69.8–70.5∘ W), in the semiarid Andes
of Chile. The basin contains more than 800 glaciers, which cover 378 km2 in total
(inventoried in 2000). We model the mass balance and runoff contribution of 26
glaciers with the physically oriented and fully distributed TOPKAPI (Topographic
Kinematic Approximation and Integration)-ETH glacio-hydrological model and extrapolate
the results to the entire basin. TOPKAPI-ETH is run at a daily time step using
several glaciological and meteorological datasets, and its results are evaluated
against streamflow records, remotely sensed snow cover, and geodetic mass balances
for the periods 1955–2000 and 2000–2013. Results show that in 1955–2016 glacier
mass balance had a general decreasing trend as a basin average but also had differences
between the main sub-catchments. Glacier volume decreased by one-fifth (from 18.6±4.5
to 14.9±2.9 km3). Runoff from the initially glacierized areas was 177±25 mm yr−1
(16±7 % of the total contributions to the basin), but it shows a decreasing sequence
of maxima, which can be linked to the interplay between a decrease in precipitation
since the 1980s and the reduction of ice melt. Glaciers in the Maipo River basin
will continue retreating because they are not in equilibrium with the current
climate. In a hypothetical constant climate scenario, glacier volume would reduce
to 81±38 % of the year 2000 volume, and glacier runoff would be 78±30 % of the
1955–2016 average. This would considerably decrease the drought mitigation capacity
of the basin.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Álvaro
full_name: Ayala, Álvaro
last_name: Ayala
- first_name: David
full_name: Farías-Barahona, David
last_name: Farías-Barahona
- first_name: Matthias
full_name: Huss, Matthias
last_name: Huss
- first_name: Francesca
full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca
id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70
last_name: Pellicciotti
- first_name: James
full_name: McPhee, James
last_name: McPhee
- first_name: Daniel
full_name: Farinotti, Daniel
last_name: Farinotti
citation:
ama: Ayala Á, Farías-Barahona D, Huss M, Pellicciotti F, McPhee J, Farinotti D.
Glacier runoff variations since 1955 in the Maipo River basin, in the semiarid
Andes of central Chile. The Cryosphere. 2020;14(6):2005-2027. doi:10.5194/tc-14-2005-2020
apa: Ayala, Á., Farías-Barahona, D., Huss, M., Pellicciotti, F., McPhee, J., &
Farinotti, D. (2020). Glacier runoff variations since 1955 in the Maipo River
basin, in the semiarid Andes of central Chile. The Cryosphere. Copernicus
Publications. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-2005-2020
chicago: Ayala, Álvaro, David Farías-Barahona, Matthias Huss, Francesca Pellicciotti,
James McPhee, and Daniel Farinotti. “Glacier Runoff Variations since 1955 in the
Maipo River Basin, in the Semiarid Andes of Central Chile.” The Cryosphere.
Copernicus Publications, 2020. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-2005-2020.
ieee: Á. Ayala, D. Farías-Barahona, M. Huss, F. Pellicciotti, J. McPhee, and D.
Farinotti, “Glacier runoff variations since 1955 in the Maipo River basin, in
the semiarid Andes of central Chile,” The Cryosphere, vol. 14, no. 6. Copernicus
Publications, pp. 2005–2027, 2020.
ista: Ayala Á, Farías-Barahona D, Huss M, Pellicciotti F, McPhee J, Farinotti D.
2020. Glacier runoff variations since 1955 in the Maipo River basin, in the semiarid
Andes of central Chile. The Cryosphere. 14(6), 2005–2027.
mla: Ayala, Álvaro, et al. “Glacier Runoff Variations since 1955 in the Maipo River
Basin, in the Semiarid Andes of Central Chile.” The Cryosphere, vol. 14,
no. 6, Copernicus Publications, 2020, pp. 2005–27, doi:10.5194/tc-14-2005-2020.
short: Á. Ayala, D. Farías-Barahona, M. Huss, F. Pellicciotti, J. McPhee, D. Farinotti,
The Cryosphere 14 (2020) 2005–2027.
date_created: 2023-02-20T08:12:36Z
date_published: 2020-06-24T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-02-28T12:32:31Z
day: '24'
doi: 10.5194/tc-14-2005-2020
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 14'
issue: '6'
keyword:
- Earth-Surface Processes
- Water Science and Technology
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-2005-2020
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 2005-2027
publication: The Cryosphere
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 1994-0424
publication_status: published
publisher: Copernicus Publications
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Glacier runoff variations since 1955 in the Maipo River basin, in the semiarid
Andes of central Chile
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 14
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '12606'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Ice cliffs within a supraglacial debris cover have been identified as a source
for high ablation relative to the surrounding debris-covered area. Due to their
small relative size and steep orientation, ice cliffs are difficult to detect
using nadir-looking space borne sensors. The method presented here uses surface
slopes calculated from digital elevation model (DEM) data to map ice cliff geometry
and produce an ice cliff probability map. Surface slope thresholds, which can
be sensitive to geographic location and/or data quality, are selected automatically.
The method also attempts to include area at the (often narrowing) ends of ice
cliffs which could otherwise be neglected due to signal saturation in surface
slope data. The method was calibrated in the eastern Alaska Range, Alaska, USA,
against a control ice cliff dataset derived from high-resolution visible and thermal
data. Using the same input parameter set that performed best in Alaska, the method
was tested against ice cliffs manually mapped in the Khumbu Himal, Nepal. Our
results suggest the method can accommodate different glaciological settings and
different DEM data sources without a data intensive (high-resolution, multi-data
source) recalibration.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Sam
full_name: Herreid, Sam
last_name: Herreid
- first_name: Francesca
full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca
id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70
last_name: Pellicciotti
citation:
ama: Herreid S, Pellicciotti F. Automated detection of ice cliffs within supraglacial
debris cover. The Cryosphere. 2018;12(5):1811-1829. doi:10.5194/tc-12-1811-2018
apa: Herreid, S., & Pellicciotti, F. (2018). Automated detection of ice cliffs
within supraglacial debris cover. The Cryosphere. Copernicus Publications.
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-1811-2018
chicago: Herreid, Sam, and Francesca Pellicciotti. “Automated Detection of Ice Cliffs
within Supraglacial Debris Cover.” The Cryosphere. Copernicus Publications,
2018. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-1811-2018.
ieee: S. Herreid and F. Pellicciotti, “Automated detection of ice cliffs within
supraglacial debris cover,” The Cryosphere, vol. 12, no. 5. Copernicus
Publications, pp. 1811–1829, 2018.
ista: Herreid S, Pellicciotti F. 2018. Automated detection of ice cliffs within
supraglacial debris cover. The Cryosphere. 12(5), 1811–1829.
mla: Herreid, Sam, and Francesca Pellicciotti. “Automated Detection of Ice Cliffs
within Supraglacial Debris Cover.” The Cryosphere, vol. 12, no. 5, Copernicus
Publications, 2018, pp. 1811–29, doi:10.5194/tc-12-1811-2018.
short: S. Herreid, F. Pellicciotti, The Cryosphere 12 (2018) 1811–1829.
date_created: 2023-02-20T08:13:36Z
date_published: 2018-05-31T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-02-28T11:39:26Z
day: '31'
doi: 10.5194/tc-12-1811-2018
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 12'
issue: '5'
keyword:
- Earth-Surface Processes
- Water Science and Technology
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-1811-2018
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 1811-1829
publication: The Cryosphere
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 1994-0424
publication_status: published
publisher: Copernicus Publications
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Automated detection of ice cliffs within supraglacial debris cover
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 12
year: '2018'
...
---
_id: '12617'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: This study presents volume and mass changes of seven (five partially debris-covered,
two debris-free) glaciers in the upper Langtang catchment in Nepal. We use a digital
elevation model (DEM) from 1974 stereo Hexagon satellite data and seven DEMs derived
from 2006–2015 stereo or tri-stereo satellite imagery (e.g., SPOT6/7). The availability
of multiple independent DEM differences allows the identification of a robust
signal and narrowing down of the uncertainty about recent volume changes. The
volume changes calculated over several multiyear periods between 2006 and 2015
consistently indicate that glacier thinning has accelerated with respect to the
period 1974–2006. We calculate an ensemble-mean elevation change rate of –0.45 ± 0.18 m a−1
for 2006–2015, while for the period 1974–2006 we compute a rate of −0.24 ± 0.08 m a−1.
However, the behavior of glaciers in the study area is heterogeneous, and the
presence or absence of debris does not seem to be a good predictor for mass balance
trends. Debris-covered tongues have nonlinear thinning profiles, and we show that
recent accelerations in thinning correlate with the presence of supraglacial cliffs
and lakes. At stagnating glacier areas near the glacier front, however, thinning
rates decreased with time or remained constant. The April 2015 Nepal earthquake
triggered large avalanches in the study catchment. Analysis of two post-earthquake
DEMs revealed that the avalanche deposit volumes remaining 6 months after the
earthquake are negligible in comparison to 2006–2015 elevation changes. However,
the deposits compensate about 40 % the mass loss of debris-covered tongues of
1 average year.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Silvan
full_name: Ragettli, Silvan
last_name: Ragettli
- first_name: Tobias
full_name: Bolch, Tobias
last_name: Bolch
- first_name: Francesca
full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca
id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70
last_name: Pellicciotti
citation:
ama: Ragettli S, Bolch T, Pellicciotti F. Heterogeneous glacier thinning patterns
over the last 40 years in Langtang Himal, Nepal. The Cryosphere. 2016;10(5):2075-2097.
doi:10.5194/tc-10-2075-2016
apa: Ragettli, S., Bolch, T., & Pellicciotti, F. (2016). Heterogeneous glacier
thinning patterns over the last 40 years in Langtang Himal, Nepal. The Cryosphere.
Copernicus Publications. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-2075-2016
chicago: Ragettli, Silvan, Tobias Bolch, and Francesca Pellicciotti. “Heterogeneous
Glacier Thinning Patterns over the Last 40 Years in Langtang Himal, Nepal.” The
Cryosphere. Copernicus Publications, 2016. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-2075-2016.
ieee: S. Ragettli, T. Bolch, and F. Pellicciotti, “Heterogeneous glacier thinning
patterns over the last 40 years in Langtang Himal, Nepal,” The Cryosphere,
vol. 10, no. 5. Copernicus Publications, pp. 2075–2097, 2016.
ista: Ragettli S, Bolch T, Pellicciotti F. 2016. Heterogeneous glacier thinning
patterns over the last 40 years in Langtang Himal, Nepal. The Cryosphere. 10(5),
2075–2097.
mla: Ragettli, Silvan, et al. “Heterogeneous Glacier Thinning Patterns over the
Last 40 Years in Langtang Himal, Nepal.” The Cryosphere, vol. 10, no. 5,
Copernicus Publications, 2016, pp. 2075–97, doi:10.5194/tc-10-2075-2016.
short: S. Ragettli, T. Bolch, F. Pellicciotti, The Cryosphere 10 (2016) 2075–2097.
date_created: 2023-02-20T08:14:51Z
date_published: 2016-09-14T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-02-24T10:54:02Z
day: '14'
doi: 10.5194/tc-10-2075-2016
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 10'
issue: '5'
keyword:
- Earth-Surface Processes
- Water Science and Technology
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-2075-2016
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 2075-2097
publication: The Cryosphere
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 1994-0424
publication_status: published
publisher: Copernicus Publications
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Heterogeneous glacier thinning patterns over the last 40 years in Langtang
Himal, Nepal
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 10
year: '2016'
...