---
_id: '17627'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Observations of high-redshift quasars indicate that supermassive black holes
(SMBHs) with masses greater than ∼109 M⊙ were assembled within the first billion
years after the Big Bang. It is unclear how such massive black holes (BHs) formed
so early. One possible explanation is that these SMBHs were seeded by "heavy"
direct collapse black holes (DCBHs) with masses of MBH ≈ 105 M⊙, but observations
have not yet confirmed or refuted this scenario. In this Letter, we utilize a
cosmological N-body simulation to demonstrate that before they grow roughly an
order of magnitude in mass, DCBHs will have BH mass to halo mass ratios that are
much higher than expected for BH remnants of Population III (Pop III) stars that
have grown to the same mass (∼106 M⊙). We also show that when Tvir ≈ 104 K halos
(the potential sites of DCBH formation) merge with much larger nearby halos (Mh
> 1010 M⊙), they almost always orbit their larger host halos with a separation
of a few kpc, which is sufficient to be spatially resolved with future X-ray and
infrared telescopes. Thus, we propose that a future X-ray mission such as Lynx,
combined with infrared observations, will be able to distinguish high-redshift
DCBHs from smaller BH seeds due to the unusually high BH mass to stellar mass
ratios of the faintest observed quasars, with inferred BH masses below ∼106 M⊙.
article_number: L9
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Eli
full_name: Visbal, Eli
last_name: Visbal
- first_name: Zoltán
full_name: Haiman, Zoltán
id: 7c006e8c-cc0d-11ee-8322-cb904ef76f36
last_name: Haiman
citation:
ama: Visbal E, Haiman Z. Identifying direct collapse black hole seeds through their
small host galaxies. The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 2018;865(1). doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aadf3a
apa: Visbal, E., & Haiman, Z. (2018). Identifying direct collapse black hole
seeds through their small host galaxies. The Astrophysical Journal Letters.
American Astronomical Society. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aadf3a
chicago: Visbal, Eli, and Zoltán Haiman. “Identifying Direct Collapse Black Hole
Seeds through Their Small Host Galaxies.” The Astrophysical Journal Letters.
American Astronomical Society, 2018. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aadf3a.
ieee: E. Visbal and Z. Haiman, “Identifying direct collapse black hole seeds through
their small host galaxies,” The Astrophysical Journal Letters, vol. 865,
no. 1. American Astronomical Society, 2018.
ista: Visbal E, Haiman Z. 2018. Identifying direct collapse black hole seeds through
their small host galaxies. The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 865(1), L9.
mla: Visbal, Eli, and Zoltán Haiman. “Identifying Direct Collapse Black Hole Seeds
through Their Small Host Galaxies.” The Astrophysical Journal Letters,
vol. 865, no. 1, L9, American Astronomical Society, 2018, doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aadf3a.
short: E. Visbal, Z. Haiman, The Astrophysical Journal Letters 865 (2018).
date_created: 2024-09-05T13:57:07Z
date_published: 2018-09-19T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-09-24T09:07:47Z
day: '19'
doi: 10.3847/2041-8213/aadf3a
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1809.01754'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aadf3a
intvolume: ' 865'
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1809.01754
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
publication: The Astrophysical Journal Letters
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2041-8205
- 2041-8213
publication_status: published
publisher: American Astronomical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Identifying direct collapse black hole seeds through their small host galaxies
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 865
year: '2018'
...
---
_id: '17640'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Gravitational waves (GWs) in the nano-hertz band are great tools for understanding
the cosmological evolution of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in galactic nuclei.
We consider SMBH binaries in high-z ultra-luminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs)
as sources of a stochastic GW background (GWB). ULIRGs are likely associated with
gas-rich galaxy mergers containing SMBHs that possibly occur at most once in the
life of galaxies, unlike multiple dry mergers at low redshift. Adopting a well-established
sample of ULIRGs, we study the properties of the GWB due to coalescing binary
SMBHs in these galaxies. Since the ULIRG population peaks at z>1.5, the amplitude
of the GWB is not affected even if BH mergers are delayed by as long as ∼ 10 Gyrs.
Despite the rarity of the high-z ULIRGs, we find a tension with the upper limits
from Pulsar Timing Array (PTA) experiments. This result suggests that if a fraction
fm,gal of ULIRGs are associated with SMBH binaries, then no more than 20fm,gal(λEdd/0.3)5/3(tlife/30
Myr) % of the binary SMBHs in ULIRGs can merge within a Hubble time, for plausible
values of the Eddington ratio of ULIRGs (λEdd) and their lifetime (tlife).
article_number: L36
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Kohei
full_name: Inayoshi, Kohei
last_name: Inayoshi
- first_name: Kohei
full_name: Ichikawa, Kohei
last_name: Ichikawa
- first_name: Zoltán
full_name: Haiman, Zoltán
id: 7c006e8c-cc0d-11ee-8322-cb904ef76f36
last_name: Haiman
citation:
ama: Inayoshi K, Ichikawa K, Haiman Z. Gravitational waves from supermassive black
hole binaries in ultraluminous infrared galaxies. The Astrophysical Journal
Letters. 2018;863(2). doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aad8ad
apa: Inayoshi, K., Ichikawa, K., & Haiman, Z. (2018). Gravitational waves from
supermassive black hole binaries in ultraluminous infrared galaxies. The Astrophysical
Journal Letters. American Astronomical Society. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aad8ad
chicago: Inayoshi, Kohei, Kohei Ichikawa, and Zoltán Haiman. “Gravitational Waves
from Supermassive Black Hole Binaries in Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies.” The
Astrophysical Journal Letters. American Astronomical Society, 2018. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aad8ad.
ieee: K. Inayoshi, K. Ichikawa, and Z. Haiman, “Gravitational waves from supermassive
black hole binaries in ultraluminous infrared galaxies,” The Astrophysical
Journal Letters, vol. 863, no. 2. American Astronomical Society, 2018.
ista: Inayoshi K, Ichikawa K, Haiman Z. 2018. Gravitational waves from supermassive
black hole binaries in ultraluminous infrared galaxies. The Astrophysical Journal
Letters. 863(2), L36.
mla: Inayoshi, Kohei, et al. “Gravitational Waves from Supermassive Black Hole Binaries
in Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies.” The Astrophysical Journal Letters,
vol. 863, no. 2, L36, American Astronomical Society, 2018, doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aad8ad.
short: K. Inayoshi, K. Ichikawa, Z. Haiman, The Astrophysical Journal Letters 863
(2018).
date_created: 2024-09-06T07:18:03Z
date_published: 2018-08-20T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-09-24T11:47:28Z
day: '20'
doi: 10.3847/2041-8213/aad8ad
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1805.05334'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aad8ad
intvolume: ' 863'
issue: '2'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1805.05334
month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
publication: The Astrophysical Journal Letters
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2041-8205
- 2041-8213
publication_status: published
publisher: American Astronomical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Gravitational waves from supermassive black hole binaries in ultraluminous
infrared galaxies
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 863
year: '2018'
...