[{"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"7132","title":"Design and characterization of methods and biological components to realize synthetic neurotransmission","status":"public","file":[{"date_created":"2019-11-27T09:06:10Z","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:47:50Z","checksum":"34d0fe0f6e0af97b5937205a3e350423","file_size":5054633,"relation":"source_file","access_level":"closed","content_type":"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document","file_name":"McKenzie PhD Thesis August 2018 - Corrected Final.docx","file_id":"7133","creator":"dernst"},{"file_size":3231837,"checksum":"140dfb5e3df7edca34f4b6fcc55d876f","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:47:50Z","date_created":"2019-11-27T09:06:10Z","file_id":"7134","creator":"dernst","file_name":"McKenzie PhD Thesis August 2018 - Corrected Final.pdf","relation":"main_file","content_type":"application/pdf","access_level":"open_access"}],"date_updated":"2026-05-15T22:31:06Z","publication_status":"published","ddc":["571","573"],"author":[{"last_name":"Mckenzie","id":"3EEDE19A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Mckenzie, Catherine","first_name":"Catherine"}],"month":"06","page":"95","abstract":[{"text":"A major challenge in neuroscience research is to dissect the circuits that orchestrate behavior in health and disease. Proteins from a wide range of non-mammalian species, such as microbial opsins, have been successfully transplanted to specific neuronal targets to override their natural communication patterns. The goal of our work is to manipulate synaptic communication in a manner that closely incorporates the functional intricacies of synapses by preserving temporal encoding (i.e. the firing pattern of the presynaptic neuron) and connectivity (i.e. target specific synapses rather than specific neurons). Our strategy to achieve this goal builds on the use of non-mammalian transplants to create a synthetic synapse. The mode of modulation comes from pre-synaptic uptake of a synthetic neurotransmitter (SN) into synaptic vesicles by means of a genetically targeted transporter selective for the SN. Upon natural vesicular release, exposure of the SN to the synaptic cleft will modify the post-synaptic potential through an orthogonal ligand gated ion channel. To achieve this goal we have functionally characterized a mixed cationic methionine-gated ion channel from Arabidopsis thaliana, designed a method to functionally characterize a synthetic transporter in isolated synaptic vesicles without the need for transgenic animals, identified and extracted multiple prokaryotic uptake systems that are substrate specific for methionine (Met), and established a primary/cell line co-culture system that would allow future combinatorial testing of this orthogonal transmitter-transporter-channel trifecta.\r\nSynthetic synapses will provide a unique opportunity to manipulate synaptic communication while maintaining the electrophysiological integrity of the pre-synaptic cell. In this way, information may be preserved that was generated in upstream circuits and that could be essential for concerted function and information processing.","lang":"eng"}],"year":"2019","date_created":"2019-11-27T09:07:14Z","related_material":{"record":[{"id":"6266","relation":"old_edition","status":"public"}]},"oa_version":"Published Version","degree_awarded":"PhD","alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"department":[{"_id":"HaJa"}],"user_id":"ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd","citation":{"short":"C. Mckenzie, Design and Characterization of Methods and Biological Components to Realize Synthetic Neurotransmission, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019.","ama":"Mckenzie C. Design and characterization of methods and biological components to realize synthetic neurotransmission. 2019. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:7132\">10.15479/at:ista:7132</a>","apa":"Mckenzie, C. (2019). <i>Design and characterization of methods and biological components to realize synthetic neurotransmission</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:7132\">https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:7132</a>","ieee":"C. Mckenzie, “Design and characterization of methods and biological components to realize synthetic neurotransmission,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019.","chicago":"Mckenzie, Catherine. “Design and Characterization of Methods and Biological Components to Realize Synthetic Neurotransmission.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:7132\">https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:7132</a>.","ista":"Mckenzie C. 2019. Design and characterization of methods and biological components to realize synthetic neurotransmission. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","mla":"Mckenzie, Catherine. <i>Design and Characterization of Methods and Biological Components to Realize Synthetic Neurotransmission</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2019, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:7132\">10.15479/at:ista:7132</a>."},"publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","article_processing_charge":"No","supervisor":[{"full_name":"Janovjak, Harald L","first_name":"Harald L","orcid":"0000-0002-8023-9315","id":"33BA6C30-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Janovjak"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["2663-337X"]},"day":"27","OA_place":"publisher","date_published":"2019-06-27T00:00:00Z","file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:47:50Z","type":"dissertation","doi":"10.15479/at:ista:7132","oa":1,"has_accepted_license":"1","corr_author":"1"},{"oa":1,"doi":"10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1021","file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:45:22Z","type":"dissertation","corr_author":"1","has_accepted_license":"1","acknowledgement":"I also gratefully acknowledge the support of NVIDIA Corporation with the donation of the GPUs used for this research.","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2663-337X"]},"pubrep_id":"1021","article_processing_charge":"No","supervisor":[{"id":"40C20FD2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Lampert","full_name":"Lampert, Christoph","first_name":"Christoph","orcid":"0000-0001-8622-7887"}],"user_id":"ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd","citation":{"mla":"Kolesnikov, Alexander. <i>Weakly-Supervised Segmentation and Unsupervised Modeling of Natural Images</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1021\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1021</a>.","chicago":"Kolesnikov, Alexander. “Weakly-Supervised Segmentation and Unsupervised Modeling of Natural Images.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1021\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1021</a>.","ieee":"A. Kolesnikov, “Weakly-Supervised Segmentation and Unsupervised Modeling of Natural Images,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.","apa":"Kolesnikov, A. (2018). <i>Weakly-Supervised Segmentation and Unsupervised Modeling of Natural Images</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1021\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1021</a>","ista":"Kolesnikov A. 2018. Weakly-Supervised Segmentation and Unsupervised Modeling of Natural Images. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","ama":"Kolesnikov A. Weakly-Supervised Segmentation and Unsupervised Modeling of Natural Images. 2018. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1021\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1021</a>","short":"A. Kolesnikov, Weakly-Supervised Segmentation and Unsupervised Modeling of Natural Images, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018."},"alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"department":[{"_id":"ChLa"}],"publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","degree_awarded":"PhD","date_published":"2018-05-25T00:00:00Z","OA_place":"publisher","day":"25","project":[{"_id":"2532554C-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"Lifelong Learning of Visual Scene Understanding","call_identifier":"FP7","grant_number":"308036"}],"year":"2018","ec_funded":1,"abstract":[{"text":"Modern computer vision systems heavily rely on statistical machine learning models, which typically require large amounts of labeled data to be learned reliably. Moreover, very recently computer vision research widely adopted techniques for representation learning, which further increase the demand for labeled data. However, for many important practical problems there is relatively small amount of labeled data available, so it is problematic to leverage full potential of the representation learning methods. One way to overcome this obstacle is to invest substantial resources into producing large labelled datasets. Unfortunately, this can be prohibitively expensive in practice. In this thesis we focus on the alternative way of tackling the aforementioned issue. We concentrate on methods, which make use of weakly-labeled or even unlabeled data. Specifically, the first half of the thesis is dedicated to the semantic image segmentation task. We develop a technique, which achieves competitive segmentation performance and only requires annotations in a form of global image-level labels instead of dense segmentation masks. Subsequently, we present a new methodology, which further improves segmentation performance by leveraging tiny additional feedback from a human annotator. By using our methods practitioners can greatly reduce the amount of data annotation effort, which is required to learn modern image segmentation models. In the second half of the thesis we focus on methods for learning from unlabeled visual data. We study a family of autoregressive models for modeling structure of natural images and discuss potential applications of these models. Moreover, we conduct in-depth study of one of these applications, where we develop the state-of-the-art model for the probabilistic image colorization task.","lang":"eng"}],"publist_id":"7718","page":"113","oa_version":"Published Version","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:45:09Z","title":"Weakly-Supervised Segmentation and Unsupervised Modeling of Natural Images","file":[{"file_size":12918758,"checksum":"bc678e02468d8ebc39dc7267dfb0a1c4","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:45:22Z","date_created":"2018-12-12T10:14:57Z","file_id":"5113","creator":"system","file_name":"IST-2018-1021-v1+1_thesis-unsigned-pdfa.pdf","relation":"main_file","content_type":"application/pdf","access_level":"open_access"},{"file_name":"2018_Thesis_Kolesnikov_source.zip","relation":"source_file","access_level":"closed","content_type":"application/zip","file_id":"6225","creator":"dernst","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:45:22Z","date_created":"2019-04-05T09:34:49Z","file_size":55973760,"checksum":"bc66973b086da5a043f1162dcfb1fde4"}],"status":"public","_id":"197","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"month":"05","author":[{"first_name":"Alexander","full_name":"Kolesnikov, Alexander","last_name":"Kolesnikov","id":"2D157DB6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}],"ddc":["004"],"date_updated":"2026-04-08T14:05:16Z","publication_status":"published"},{"doi":"10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1033","oa":1,"type":"dissertation","file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:46:35Z","corr_author":"1","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"has_accepted_license":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","supervisor":[{"full_name":"Katsaros, Georgios","first_name":"Georgios","orcid":"0000-0001-8342-202X","id":"38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Katsaros"}],"pubrep_id":"1033","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2663-337X"]},"degree_awarded":"PhD","publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","department":[{"_id":"GeKa"}],"user_id":"ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd","citation":{"mla":"Watzinger, Hannes. <i>Ge Hut Wires - from Growth to Hole Spin Resonance</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1033\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1033</a>.","ista":"Watzinger H. 2018. Ge hut wires - from growth to hole spin resonance. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","ieee":"H. Watzinger, “Ge hut wires - from growth to hole spin resonance,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.","chicago":"Watzinger, Hannes. “Ge Hut Wires - from Growth to Hole Spin Resonance.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1033\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1033</a>.","apa":"Watzinger, H. (2018). <i>Ge hut wires - from growth to hole spin resonance</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1033\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1033</a>","ama":"Watzinger H. Ge hut wires - from growth to hole spin resonance. 2018. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1033\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1033</a>","short":"H. Watzinger, Ge Hut Wires - from Growth to Hole Spin Resonance, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018."},"alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"OA_place":"publisher","date_published":"2018-07-30T00:00:00Z","day":"30","year":"2018","page":"77","publist_id":"8005","abstract":[{"text":"Nowadays, quantum computation is receiving more and more attention as an alternative to the classical way of computing. For realizing a quantum computer, different devices are investigated as potential quantum bits. In this thesis, the focus is on Ge hut wires, which turned out to be promising candidates for implementing hole spin quantum bits. The advantages of Ge as a material system are the low hyperfine interaction for holes and the strong spin orbit coupling, as well as the compatibility with the highly developed CMOS processes in industry. In addition, Ge can also be isotopically purified which is expected to boost the spin coherence times. The strong spin orbit interaction for holes in Ge on the one hand enables the full electrical control of the quantum bit and on the other hand should allow short spin manipulation times. Starting with a bare Si wafer, this work covers the entire process reaching from growth over the fabrication and characterization of hut wire devices up to the demonstration of hole spin resonance. From experiments with single quantum dots, a large g-factor anisotropy between the in-plane and the out-of-plane direction was found. A comparison to a theoretical model unveiled the heavy-hole character of the lowest energy states. The second part of the thesis addresses double quantum dot devices, which were realized by adding two gate electrodes to a hut wire. In such devices, Pauli spin blockade was observed, which can serve as a read-out mechanism for spin quantum bits. Applying oscillating electric fields in spin blockade allowed the demonstration of continuous spin rotations and the extraction of a lower bound for the spin dephasing time. Despite the strong spin orbit coupling in Ge, the obtained value for the dephasing time is comparable to what has been recently reported for holes in Si. All in all, the presented results point out the high potential of Ge hut wires as a platform for long-lived, fast and fully electrically tunable hole spin quantum bits.","lang":"eng"}],"oa_version":"Published Version","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:44:21Z","status":"public","file":[{"creator":"dernst","file_id":"6249","file_name":"2018_Thesis_Watzinger.pdf","content_type":"application/pdf","access_level":"open_access","relation":"main_file","file_size":85539748,"checksum":"b653b5216251f938ddbeafd1de88667c","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:46:35Z","date_created":"2019-04-09T07:13:28Z"},{"date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:46:35Z","date_created":"2019-04-09T07:13:27Z","file_size":21830697,"checksum":"39bcf8de7ac5b1bb516b11ce2f966785","file_name":"2018_Thesis_Watzinger_source.zip","access_level":"closed","content_type":"application/zip","relation":"source_file","creator":"dernst","file_id":"6250"}],"title":"Ge hut wires - from growth to hole spin resonance","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"49","author":[{"first_name":"Hannes","full_name":"Watzinger, Hannes","last_name":"Watzinger","id":"35DF8E50-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}],"month":"07","publication_status":"published","date_updated":"2026-04-08T14:02:40Z","ddc":["530"]},{"date_created":"2018-12-11T11:45:10Z","oa_version":"Published Version","publist_id":"7712","page":"171","abstract":[{"text":"We describe arrangements of three-dimensional spheres from a geometrical and topological point of view. Real data (fitting this setup) often consist of soft spheres which show certain degree of deformation while strongly packing against each other. In this context, we answer the following questions: If we model a soft packing of spheres by hard spheres that are allowed to overlap, can we measure the volume in the overlapped areas? Can we be more specific about the overlap volume, i.e. quantify how much volume is there covered exactly twice, three times, or k times? What would be a good optimization criteria that rule the arrangement of soft spheres while making a good use of the available space? Fixing a particular criterion, what would be the optimal sphere configuration? The first result of this thesis are short formulas for the computation of volumes covered by at least k of the balls. The formulas exploit information contained in the order-k Voronoi diagrams and its closely related Level-k complex. The used complexes lead to a natural generalization into poset diagrams, a theoretical formalism that contains the order-k and degree-k diagrams as special cases. In parallel, we define different criteria to determine what could be considered an optimal arrangement from a geometrical point of view. Fixing a criterion, we find optimal soft packing configurations in 2D and 3D where the ball centers lie on a lattice. As a last step, we use tools from computational topology on real physical data, to show the potentials of higher-order diagrams in the description of melting crystals. The results of the experiments leaves us with an open window to apply the theories developed in this thesis in real applications.","lang":"eng"}],"year":"2018","date_updated":"2026-04-08T14:04:03Z","publication_status":"published","ddc":["514","516"],"author":[{"id":"41B58C0C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Iglesias Ham","full_name":"Iglesias Ham, Mabel","first_name":"Mabel"}],"month":"06","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"201","title":"Multiple covers with balls","file":[{"date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:45:24Z","date_created":"2019-02-05T07:43:31Z","checksum":"dd699303623e96d1478a6ae07210dd05","file_size":11827713,"file_name":"IST-2018-1025-v2+5_ist-thesis-iglesias-11June2018(1).zip","relation":"source_file","access_level":"closed","content_type":"application/zip","file_id":"5918","creator":"kschuh"},{"file_id":"5919","creator":"kschuh","relation":"main_file","access_level":"open_access","content_type":"application/pdf","file_name":"IST-2018-1025-v2+4_ThesisIglesiasFinal11June2018.pdf","checksum":"ba163849a190d2b41d66fef0e4983294","file_size":4783846,"date_created":"2019-02-05T07:43:45Z","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:45:24Z"}],"status":"public","has_accepted_license":"1","corr_author":"1","file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:45:24Z","type":"dissertation","doi":"10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1026","oa":1,"day":"11","OA_place":"publisher","date_published":"2018-06-11T00:00:00Z","degree_awarded":"PhD","alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"user_id":"ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd","citation":{"mla":"Iglesias Ham, Mabel. <i>Multiple Covers with Balls</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1026\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1026</a>.","chicago":"Iglesias Ham, Mabel. “Multiple Covers with Balls.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1026\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1026</a>.","ieee":"M. Iglesias Ham, “Multiple covers with balls,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.","apa":"Iglesias Ham, M. (2018). <i>Multiple covers with balls</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1026\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1026</a>","ista":"Iglesias Ham M. 2018. Multiple covers with balls. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","ama":"Iglesias Ham M. Multiple covers with balls. 2018. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1026\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1026</a>","short":"M. Iglesias Ham, Multiple Covers with Balls, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018."},"department":[{"_id":"HeEd"}],"publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","supervisor":[{"last_name":"Edelsbrunner","id":"3FB178DA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Edelsbrunner, Herbert","orcid":"0000-0002-9823-6833","first_name":"Herbert"}],"article_processing_charge":"No","pubrep_id":"1026","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2663-337X"]}},{"file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:46:04Z","type":"dissertation","doi":"10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_997","oa":1,"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"has_accepted_license":"1","corr_author":"1","degree_awarded":"PhD","alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"citation":{"mla":"Chen, Chong. <i>Synaptotagmins Ensure Speed and Efficiency of Inhibitory Neurotransmitter Release</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_997\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_997</a>.","ista":"Chen C. 2018. Synaptotagmins ensure speed and efficiency of inhibitory neurotransmitter release. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","ieee":"C. Chen, “Synaptotagmins ensure speed and efficiency of inhibitory neurotransmitter release,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.","chicago":"Chen, Chong. “Synaptotagmins Ensure Speed and Efficiency of Inhibitory Neurotransmitter Release.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_997\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_997</a>.","apa":"Chen, C. (2018). <i>Synaptotagmins ensure speed and efficiency of inhibitory neurotransmitter release</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_997\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_997</a>","ama":"Chen C. Synaptotagmins ensure speed and efficiency of inhibitory neurotransmitter release. 2018. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_997\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_997</a>","short":"C. Chen, Synaptotagmins Ensure Speed and Efficiency of Inhibitory Neurotransmitter Release, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018."},"department":[{"_id":"PeJo"}],"user_id":"ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd","publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","article_processing_charge":"No","pubrep_id":"997","supervisor":[{"id":"353C1B58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Jonas","first_name":"Peter M","orcid":"0000-0001-5001-4804","full_name":"Jonas, Peter M"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["2663-337X"]},"day":"01","OA_place":"publisher","date_published":"2018-03-01T00:00:00Z","publist_id":"7541","page":"110","abstract":[{"text":"Neuronal networks in the brain consist of two main types of neuron, glutamatergic principal neurons and GABAergic interneurons. Although these interneurons only represent 10–20% of the whole population, they mediate feedback and feedforward inhibition and are involved in the generation of high-frequency network oscillations. A hallmark functional property of GABAergic interneurons, especially of the parvalbumin‑expressing (PV+) subtypes, is the speed of signaling at their output synapse across species and brain regions. Several molecular and subcellular factors may underlie the submillisecond signaling at GABAergic synapses. Such as the selective use of P/Q type Ca2+ channels and the tight coupling between Ca2+ channels and Ca2+ sensors of exocytosis. However, whether the molecular identity of the release sensor contributes to these signaling properties remains unclear. Besides, these interneurons are mainly show depression in response to train of stimuli. How could they keep sufficient release to control the activity of postsynaptic principal neurons during high network activity, is largely elusive. For my Ph.D. work, we firstly examined the Ca2+ sensor of exocytosis at the GABAergic basket cell (BC) to Purkinje cell (PC) synapse in the cerebellum. Immunolabeling suggested that BC terminals selectively expressed synaptotagmin 2 (Syt2), whereas synaptotagmin 1 (Syt1) was enriched in excitatory terminals. Genetic elimination of Syt2 reduced action potential-evoked release to ~10% compared to the wild-type control, identifying Syt2 as the major Ca2+ sensor at BC‑PC synapses. Differential adenovirus-mediated rescue revealed Syt2 triggered release with shorter latency and higher temporal precision, and mediated faster vesicle pool replenishment than Syt1. Furthermore, deletion of Syt2 severely reduced and delayed disynaptic inhibition following parallel fiber stimulation. Thus, the selective use of Syt2 as the release sensor at BC–PC synapse ensures fast feedforward inhibition in cerebellar microcircuits. Additionally, we tested the function of another synaptotagmin member, Syt7, for inhibitory synaptic transmission at the BC–PC synapse. Syt7 is thought to be a Ca2+ sensor that mediates asynchronous transmitter release and facilitation at synapses. However, it is strongly expressed in fast-spiking, PV+ GABAergic interneurons and the output synapses of these neurons produce only minimal asynchronous release and show depression rather than facilitation. How could Syt7, a facilitation sensor, contribute to the depressed inhibitory synaptic transmission needs to be further investigated and understood. Our results indicated that at the BC–PC synapse, Syt7 contributes to asynchronous release, pool replenishment and facilitation. In combination, these three effects ensure efficient transmitter release during high‑frequency activity and guarantee frequency independence of inhibition. Taken together, our results confirmed that Syt2, which has the fastest kinetic properties among all synaptotagmin members, is mainly used by the inhibitory BC‑PC synapse for synaptic transmission, contributing to the speed and temporal precision of transmitter release. Furthermore, we showed that Syt7, another highly expressed synaptotagmin member in the output synapses of cerebellar BCs, is used for ensuring efficient inhibitor synaptic transmission during high activity.","lang":"eng"}],"year":"2018","related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"part_of_dissertation","id":"1117","status":"public"},{"id":"749","relation":"part_of_dissertation","status":"public"}]},"date_created":"2018-12-11T11:45:49Z","oa_version":"Published Version","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"324","title":"Synaptotagmins ensure speed and efficiency of inhibitory neurotransmitter release","file":[{"creator":"system","file_id":"5046","file_name":"IST-2018-997-v1+1_Thesis_chong_a.pdf","access_level":"open_access","content_type":"application/pdf","relation":"main_file","file_size":8719458,"checksum":"8e163ae9e927401b9fa7c1b3e6a3631a","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:46:04Z","date_created":"2018-12-12T10:13:58Z"},{"creator":"dernst","file_id":"6221","access_level":"closed","content_type":"application/octet-stream","relation":"source_file","file_name":"2018_Thesis_chong_source.pages","checksum":"f7d7260029a5fbb5c982db61328ade52","file_size":47841940,"date_created":"2019-04-05T09:25:26Z","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:46:04Z"}],"status":"public","date_updated":"2026-04-08T14:09:29Z","publication_status":"published","ddc":["571"],"author":[{"first_name":"Chong","full_name":"Chen, Chong","last_name":"Chen","id":"3DFD581A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}],"month":"03"},{"OA_place":"publisher","date_published":"2018-02-21T00:00:00Z","day":"21","supervisor":[{"last_name":"Barton","id":"4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Barton, Nicholas H","orcid":"0000-0002-8548-5240","first_name":"Nicholas H"}],"article_processing_charge":"No","pubrep_id":"963","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2663-337X"]},"degree_awarded":"PhD","department":[{"_id":"NiBa"}],"alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"citation":{"mla":"Ringbauer, Harald. <i>Inferring Recent Demography from Spatial Genetic Structure</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_963\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_963</a>.","ista":"Ringbauer H. 2018. Inferring recent demography from spatial genetic structure. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","chicago":"Ringbauer, Harald. “Inferring Recent Demography from Spatial Genetic Structure.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_963\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_963</a>.","ieee":"H. Ringbauer, “Inferring recent demography from spatial genetic structure,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.","apa":"Ringbauer, H. (2018). <i>Inferring recent demography from spatial genetic structure</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_963\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_963</a>","ama":"Ringbauer H. Inferring recent demography from spatial genetic structure. 2018. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_963\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_963</a>","short":"H. Ringbauer, Inferring Recent Demography from Spatial Genetic Structure, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018."},"user_id":"ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd","publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","corr_author":"1","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)","short":"CC BY-NC (4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by_nc.png"},"has_accepted_license":"1","doi":"10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_963","oa":1,"file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:45:23Z","type":"dissertation","author":[{"full_name":"Ringbauer, Harald","first_name":"Harald","orcid":"0000-0002-4884-9682","id":"417FCFF4-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Ringbauer"}],"month":"02","date_updated":"2026-04-08T14:06:37Z","publication_status":"published","ddc":["576"],"title":"Inferring recent demography from spatial genetic structure","file":[{"file_id":"5111","creator":"system","relation":"main_file","content_type":"application/pdf","access_level":"open_access","file_name":"IST-2018-963-v1+1_thesis.pdf","checksum":"8cc534d2b528ae017acf80874cce48c9","file_size":5792935,"date_created":"2018-12-12T10:14:55Z","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:45:23Z"},{"file_size":113365,"checksum":"6af18d7e5a7e2728ceda2f41ee24f628","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:45:23Z","date_created":"2019-04-05T09:30:12Z","creator":"dernst","file_id":"6224","file_name":"2018_thesis_ringbauer_source.zip","content_type":"application/zip","access_level":"closed","relation":"source_file"}],"status":"public","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"200","oa_version":"Published Version","related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","relation":"part_of_dissertation","id":"563"},{"relation":"part_of_dissertation","id":"1074","status":"public"}]},"date_created":"2018-12-11T11:45:10Z","year":"2018","publist_id":"7713","page":"146","abstract":[{"text":"This thesis is concerned with the inference of current population structure based on geo-referenced genetic data. The underlying idea is that population structure affects its spatial genetic structure. Therefore, genotype information can be utilized to estimate important demographic parameters such as migration rates. These indirect estimates of population structure have become very attractive, as genotype data is now widely available. However, there also has been much concern about these approaches. Importantly, genetic structure can be influenced by many complex patterns, which often cannot be disentangled. Moreover, many methods merely fit heuristic patterns of genetic structure, and do not build upon population genetics theory. Here, I describe two novel inference methods that address these shortcomings. In Chapter 2, I introduce an inference scheme based on a new type of signal, identity by descent (IBD) blocks. Recently, it has become feasible to detect such long blocks of genome shared between pairs of samples. These blocks are direct traces of recent coalescence events. As such, they contain ample signal for inferring recent demography. I examine sharing of IBD blocks in two-dimensional populations with local migration. Using a diffusion approximation, I derive formulas for an isolation by distance pattern of long IBD blocks and show that sharing of long IBD blocks approaches rapid exponential decay for growing sample distance. I describe an inference scheme based on these results. It can robustly estimate the dispersal rate and population density, which is demonstrated on simulated data. I also show an application to estimate mean migration and the rate of recent population growth within Eastern Europe. Chapter 3 is about a novel method to estimate barriers to gene flow in a two dimensional population. This inference scheme utilizes geographically localized allele frequency fluctuations - a classical isolation by distance signal. The strength of these local fluctuations increases on average next to a barrier, and there is less correlation across it. I again use a framework of diffusion of ancestral lineages to model this effect, and provide an efficient numerical implementation to fit the results to geo-referenced biallelic SNP data. This inference scheme is able to robustly estimate strong barriers to gene flow, as tests on simulated data confirm.","lang":"eng"}]},{"type":"dissertation","file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:47:40Z","doi":"10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH1048","oa":1,"has_accepted_license":"1","corr_author":"1","degree_awarded":"PhD","publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","department":[{"_id":"ChLa"}],"user_id":"ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd","citation":{"short":"A. Zimin, Learning from Dependent Data, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.","ama":"Zimin A. Learning from dependent data. 2018. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH1048\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH1048</a>","apa":"Zimin, A. (2018). <i>Learning from dependent data</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH1048\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH1048</a>","chicago":"Zimin, Alexander. “Learning from Dependent Data.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH1048\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH1048</a>.","ieee":"A. Zimin, “Learning from dependent data,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.","ista":"Zimin A. 2018. Learning from dependent data. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","mla":"Zimin, Alexander. <i>Learning from Dependent Data</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH1048\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH1048</a>."},"alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"supervisor":[{"full_name":"Lampert, Christoph","first_name":"Christoph","orcid":"0000-0001-8622-7887","id":"40C20FD2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Lampert"}],"article_processing_charge":"No","pubrep_id":"1048","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2663-337X"]},"day":"01","OA_place":"publisher","date_published":"2018-09-01T00:00:00Z","page":"92","publist_id":"7986","ec_funded":1,"abstract":[{"text":"The most common assumption made in statistical learning theory is the assumption of the independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) data. While being very convenient mathematically, it is often very clearly violated in practice. This disparity between the machine learning theory and applications underlies a growing demand in the development of algorithms that learn from dependent data and theory that can provide generalization guarantees similar to the independent situations. This thesis is dedicated to two variants of dependencies that can arise in practice. One is a dependence on the level of samples in a single learning task. Another dependency type arises in the multi-task setting when the tasks are dependent on each other even though the data for them can be i.i.d. In both cases we model the data (samples or tasks) as stochastic processes and introduce new algorithms for both settings that take into account and exploit the resulting dependencies. We prove the theoretical guarantees on the performance of the introduced algorithms under different evaluation criteria and, in addition, we compliment the theoretical study by the empirical one, where we evaluate some of the algorithms on two real world datasets to highlight their practical applicability.","lang":"eng"}],"year":"2018","project":[{"grant_number":"308036","name":"Lifelong Learning of Visual Scene Understanding","call_identifier":"FP7","_id":"2532554C-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"}],"date_created":"2018-12-11T11:44:27Z","oa_version":"Published Version","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"68","status":"public","file":[{"creator":"dernst","file_id":"6253","content_type":"application/pdf","access_level":"open_access","relation":"main_file","file_name":"2018_Thesis_Zimin.pdf","file_size":1036137,"checksum":"e849dd40a915e4d6c5572b51b517f098","date_created":"2019-04-09T07:32:47Z","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:47:40Z"},{"checksum":"da092153cec55c97461bd53c45c5d139","file_size":637490,"date_created":"2019-04-09T07:32:47Z","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:47:40Z","file_id":"6254","creator":"dernst","relation":"source_file","access_level":"closed","content_type":"application/zip","file_name":"2018_Thesis_Zimin_Source.zip"}],"title":"Learning from dependent data","publication_status":"published","date_updated":"2026-04-08T14:05:50Z","ddc":["004","519"],"month":"09","author":[{"full_name":"Zimin, Alexander","first_name":"Alexander","last_name":"Zimin","id":"37099E9C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}]},{"ec_funded":1,"abstract":[{"text":"A proof system is a protocol between a prover and a verifier over a common input in which an honest prover convinces the verifier of the validity of true statements. Motivated by the success of decentralized cryptocurrencies, exemplified by Bitcoin, the focus of this thesis will be on proof systems which found applications in some sustainable alternatives to Bitcoin, such as the Spacemint and Chia cryptocurrencies. In particular, we focus on proofs of space and proofs of sequential work.\r\nProofs of space (PoSpace) were suggested as more ecological, economical, and egalitarian alternative to the energy-wasteful proof-of-work mining of Bitcoin. However, the state-of-the-art constructions of PoSpace are based on sophisticated graph pebbling lower bounds, and are therefore complex. Moreover, when these PoSpace are used in cryptocurrencies like Spacemint, miners can only start mining after ensuring that a commitment to their space is already added in a special transaction to the blockchain. Proofs of sequential work (PoSW) are proof systems in which a prover, upon receiving a statement x and a time parameter T, computes a proof which convinces the verifier that T time units had passed since x was received. Whereas Spacemint assumes synchrony to retain some interesting Bitcoin dynamics, Chia requires PoSW with unique proofs, i.e., PoSW in which it is hard to come up with more than one accepting proof for any true statement. In this thesis we construct simple and practically-efficient PoSpace and PoSW. When using our PoSpace in cryptocurrencies, miners can start mining on the fly, like in Bitcoin, and unlike current constructions of PoSW, which either achieve efficient verification of sequential work, or faster-than-recomputing verification of correctness of proofs, but not both at the same time, ours achieve the best of these two worlds.","lang":"eng"}],"publist_id":"7971","page":"59","project":[{"grant_number":"259668","_id":"258C570E-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"FP7","name":"Provable Security for Physical Cryptography"},{"call_identifier":"H2020","name":"Teaching Old Crypto New Tricks","_id":"258AA5B2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"682815"}],"year":"2018","related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","relation":"part_of_dissertation","id":"559"},{"relation":"part_of_dissertation","id":"1236","status":"public"},{"status":"public","relation":"part_of_dissertation","id":"1235"},{"id":"1229","relation":"part_of_dissertation","status":"public"}]},"date_created":"2018-12-11T11:44:32Z","oa_version":"Published Version","_id":"83","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"title":"Proof systems for sustainable decentralized cryptocurrencies","file":[{"date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:48:11Z","date_created":"2019-04-09T06:43:41Z","file_size":876241,"checksum":"c4b5f7d111755d1396787f41886fc674","file_name":"2018_Thesis_Abusalah.pdf","access_level":"open_access","content_type":"application/pdf","relation":"main_file","creator":"dernst","file_id":"6245"},{"checksum":"0f382ac56b471c48fd907d63eb87dafe","file_size":2029190,"date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:48:11Z","date_created":"2019-04-09T06:43:41Z","file_id":"6246","creator":"dernst","file_name":"2018_Thesis_Abusalah_source.tar.gz","relation":"source_file","content_type":"application/x-gzip","access_level":"closed"}],"status":"public","ddc":["004"],"date_updated":"2026-04-08T14:10:22Z","publication_status":"published","author":[{"id":"40297222-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Abusalah","first_name":"Hamza M","full_name":"Abusalah, Hamza M"}],"month":"09","file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:48:11Z","type":"dissertation","oa":1,"doi":"10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1046","has_accepted_license":"1","corr_author":"1","alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"user_id":"ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd","citation":{"mla":"Abusalah, Hamza M. <i>Proof Systems for Sustainable Decentralized Cryptocurrencies</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1046\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1046</a>.","ista":"Abusalah HM. 2018. Proof systems for sustainable decentralized cryptocurrencies. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","chicago":"Abusalah, Hamza M. “Proof Systems for Sustainable Decentralized Cryptocurrencies.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1046\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1046</a>.","apa":"Abusalah, H. M. (2018). <i>Proof systems for sustainable decentralized cryptocurrencies</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1046\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1046</a>","ieee":"H. M. Abusalah, “Proof systems for sustainable decentralized cryptocurrencies,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.","ama":"Abusalah HM. Proof systems for sustainable decentralized cryptocurrencies. 2018. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1046\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1046</a>","short":"H.M. Abusalah, Proof Systems for Sustainable Decentralized Cryptocurrencies, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018."},"department":[{"_id":"KrPi"}],"publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","degree_awarded":"PhD","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2663-337X"]},"supervisor":[{"first_name":"Krzysztof Z","orcid":"0000-0002-9139-1654","full_name":"Pietrzak, Krzysztof Z","id":"3E04A7AA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Pietrzak"}],"pubrep_id":"1046","article_processing_charge":"No","day":"05","date_published":"2018-09-05T00:00:00Z","OA_place":"publisher"},{"year":"2018","abstract":[{"text":"A qubit, a unit of quantum information, is essentially any quantum mechanical two-level system which can be coherently controlled. Still, to be used for computation, it has to fulfill criteria. Qubits, regardless of the system in which they are realized, suffer from decoherence. This leads to loss of the information stored in the qubit. The upper bound of the time scale on which decoherence happens is set by the spin relaxation time. In this thesis I studied a two-level system consisting of a Zeeman-split hole spin confined in a quantum dot formed in a Ge hut wire. Such Ge hut wires have emerged as a promising material system for the realization of spin qubits, due to the combination of two significant properties: long spin coherence time as expected for group IV semiconductors due to the low hyperfine interaction and a strong valence band spin-orbit coupling. Here, I present how to fabricate quantum dot devices suitable for electrical transport measurements. Coupled quantum dot devices allowed the realization of a charge sensor, which is electrostatically and tunnel coupled to a quantum dot. By integrating the charge sensor into a radio-frequency reflectometry setup, I performed for the first time single-shot readout measurements of hole spins and extracted the hole spin relaxation times in Ge hut wires.","lang":"eng"}],"publist_id":"7985","page":"103","oa_version":"Published Version","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:44:28Z","related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","relation":"part_of_dissertation","id":"23"},{"relation":"part_of_dissertation","id":"840","status":"public"}]},"title":"Charge sensing and spin relaxation times of holes in Ge hut wires","status":"public","file":[{"relation":"main_file","content_type":"application/pdf","access_level":"open_access","file_name":"2018_Thesis_Vukusic.pdf","file_id":"6247","creator":"dernst","date_created":"2019-04-09T07:00:40Z","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:47:44Z","file_size":28452385,"checksum":"c570b656e30749cd65b1c7e13a9ce0a8"},{"date_created":"2019-04-09T07:00:40Z","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:47:44Z","checksum":"7856771d9cd401fe0b311191076db6e1","file_size":53058704,"access_level":"closed","content_type":"application/zip","relation":"source_file","file_name":"2018_Thesis_Vukusic_source.zip","creator":"dernst","file_id":"6248"}],"_id":"69","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"author":[{"full_name":"Vukušić, Lada","first_name":"Lada","orcid":"0000-0003-2424-8636","id":"31E9F056-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Vukušić"}],"month":"09","ddc":["530","600"],"date_updated":"2026-04-08T14:09:47Z","publication_status":"published","oa":1,"doi":"10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1047","file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:47:44Z","type":"dissertation","corr_author":"1","has_accepted_license":"1","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"publication_identifier":{"issn":["2663-337X"]},"article_processing_charge":"No","pubrep_id":"1047","supervisor":[{"full_name":"Katsaros, Georgios","first_name":"Georgios","orcid":"0000-0001-8342-202X","id":"38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Katsaros"}],"alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"department":[{"_id":"GeKa"},{"_id":"GradSch"}],"user_id":"ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd","citation":{"ama":"Vukušić L. Charge sensing and spin relaxation times of holes in Ge hut wires. 2018. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1047\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1047</a>","short":"L. Vukušić, Charge Sensing and Spin Relaxation Times of Holes in Ge Hut Wires, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.","mla":"Vukušić, Lada. <i>Charge Sensing and Spin Relaxation Times of Holes in Ge Hut Wires</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1047\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1047</a>.","ista":"Vukušić L. 2018. Charge sensing and spin relaxation times of holes in Ge hut wires. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","apa":"Vukušić, L. (2018). <i>Charge sensing and spin relaxation times of holes in Ge hut wires</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1047\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1047</a>","ieee":"L. Vukušić, “Charge sensing and spin relaxation times of holes in Ge hut wires,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.","chicago":"Vukušić, Lada. “Charge Sensing and Spin Relaxation Times of Holes in Ge Hut Wires.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1047\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1047</a>."},"publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","degree_awarded":"PhD","date_published":"2018-09-01T00:00:00Z","OA_place":"publisher","day":"01"},{"has_accepted_license":"1","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"corr_author":"1","type":"dissertation","file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:44:57Z","oa":1,"doi":"10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1040","day":"12","date_published":"2018-07-12T00:00:00Z","OA_place":"publisher","publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"department":[{"_id":"LaEr"}],"user_id":"ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd","citation":{"mla":"Alt, Johannes. <i>Dyson Equation and Eigenvalue Statistics of Random Matrices</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1040\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1040</a>.","ista":"Alt J. 2018. Dyson equation and eigenvalue statistics of random matrices. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","chicago":"Alt, Johannes. “Dyson Equation and Eigenvalue Statistics of Random Matrices.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1040\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1040</a>.","ieee":"J. Alt, “Dyson equation and eigenvalue statistics of random matrices,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.","apa":"Alt, J. (2018). <i>Dyson equation and eigenvalue statistics of random matrices</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1040\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1040</a>","ama":"Alt J. Dyson equation and eigenvalue statistics of random matrices. 2018. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1040\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1040</a>","short":"J. Alt, Dyson Equation and Eigenvalue Statistics of Random Matrices, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018."},"degree_awarded":"PhD","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2663-337X"]},"supervisor":[{"full_name":"Erdös, László","orcid":"0000-0001-5366-9603","first_name":"László","last_name":"Erdös","id":"4DBD5372-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}],"pubrep_id":"1040","article_processing_charge":"No","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:44:53Z","related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"part_of_dissertation","id":"6240","status":"public"},{"status":"public","relation":"part_of_dissertation","id":"6184"},{"status":"public","id":"566","relation":"part_of_dissertation"},{"relation":"part_of_dissertation","id":"6183","status":"public"},{"status":"public","relation":"part_of_dissertation","id":"1010"},{"relation":"part_of_dissertation","id":"550","status":"public"},{"id":"1677","relation":"part_of_dissertation","status":"public"}]},"oa_version":"Published Version","ec_funded":1,"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The eigenvalue density of many large random matrices is well approximated by a deterministic measure, the self-consistent density of states. In the present work, we show this behaviour for several classes of random matrices. In fact, we establish that, in each of these classes, the self-consistent density of states approximates the eigenvalue density of the random matrix on all scales slightly above the typical eigenvalue spacing. For large classes of random matrices, the self-consistent density of states exhibits several universal features. We prove that, under suitable assumptions, random Gram matrices and Hermitian random matrices with decaying correlations have a 1/3-Hölder continuous self-consistent density of states ρ on R, which is analytic, where it is positive, and has either a square root edge or a cubic root cusp, where it vanishes. We, thus, extend the validity of the corresponding result for Wigner-type matrices from [4, 5, 7]. We show that ρ is determined as the inverse Stieltjes transform of the normalized trace of the unique solution m(z) to the Dyson equation −m(z) −1 = z − a + S[m(z)] on C N×N with the constraint Im m(z) ≥ 0. Here, z lies in the complex upper half-plane, a is a self-adjoint element of C N×N and S is a positivity-preserving operator on C N×N encoding the first two moments of the random matrix. In order to analyze a possible limit of ρ for N → ∞ and address some applications in free probability theory, we also consider the Dyson equation on infinite dimensional von Neumann algebras. We present two applications to random matrices. We first establish that, under certain assumptions, large random matrices with independent entries have a rotationally symmetric self-consistent density of states which is supported on a centered disk in C. Moreover, it is infinitely often differentiable apart from a jump on the boundary of this disk. Second, we show edge universality at all regular (not necessarily extreme) spectral edges for Hermitian random matrices with decaying correlations."}],"page":"456","publist_id":"7772","year":"2018","project":[{"_id":"258DCDE6-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"Random matrices, universality and disordered quantum systems","call_identifier":"FP7","grant_number":"338804"}],"ddc":["515","519"],"publication_status":"published","date_updated":"2026-04-08T14:11:37Z","month":"07","author":[{"first_name":"Johannes","full_name":"Alt, Johannes","last_name":"Alt","id":"36D3D8B6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}],"_id":"149","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"status":"public","file":[{"file_size":5801709,"checksum":"d4dad55a7513f345706aaaba90cb1bb8","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:44:57Z","date_created":"2019-04-08T13:55:20Z","file_id":"6241","creator":"dernst","file_name":"2018_thesis_Alt.pdf","relation":"main_file","access_level":"open_access","content_type":"application/pdf"},{"date_created":"2019-04-08T13:55:20Z","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:44:57Z","checksum":"d73fcf46300dce74c403f2b491148ab4","file_size":3802059,"relation":"source_file","content_type":"application/zip","access_level":"closed","file_name":"2018_thesis_Alt_source.zip","file_id":"6242","creator":"dernst"}],"title":"Dyson equation and eigenvalue statistics of random matrices"},{"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"418","title":"Optical and optogenetic control of proliferation and survival ","file":[{"file_size":7012495,"checksum":"697fa72ca36fb1b8ceabc133d58a73e5","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:46:24Z","date_created":"2019-04-05T09:28:03Z","creator":"dernst","file_id":"6222","file_name":"2018_THESIS_Gschaider-Reichhart_source.docx","access_level":"closed","content_type":"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document","relation":"source_file"},{"date_created":"2019-04-05T09:28:03Z","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:46:24Z","checksum":"58d7d1e9e58aeb7f061ab686b1d8a48c","file_size":6355280,"relation":"main_file","access_level":"open_access","content_type":"application/pdf","file_name":"2018_THESIS_Gschaider-Reichhart.pdf","file_id":"6223","creator":"dernst"}],"status":"public","date_updated":"2026-04-08T14:11:54Z","publication_status":"published","ddc":["571","570"],"month":"01","author":[{"full_name":"Gschaider-Reichhart, Eva","orcid":"0000-0002-7218-7738","first_name":"Eva","last_name":"Gschaider-Reichhart","id":"3FEE232A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}],"publist_id":"7405","page":"107","abstract":[{"text":"The aim of this thesis was the development of new strategies for optical and optogenetic control of proliferative and pro-survival signaling, and characterizing them from the molecular mechanism up to cellular effects. These new light-based methods have unique features, such as red light as an activator, or the avoidance of gene delivery, which enable to overcome current limitations, such as light delivery to target tissues and feasibility as therapeutic approach. A special focus was placed on implementing these new light-based approaches in pancreatic β-cells, as β-cells are the key players in diabetes and especially their loss in number negatively affects disease progression. Currently no treatment options are available to compensate the lack of functional β-cells in diabetic patients.\r\nIn a first approach, red-light-activated growth factor receptors, in particular receptor tyrosine kinases were engineered and characterized. Receptor activation with light allows spatio-temporal control compared to ligand-based activation, and especially red light exhibits deeper tissue penetration than other wavelengths of the visible spectrum. Red-light-activated receptor tyrosine kinases robustly activated major growth factor related signaling pathways with a high temporal resolution. Moreover, the remote activation of the proliferative MAPK/Erk pathway by red-light-activated receptor tyrosine kinases in a pancreatic β-cell line was also achieved, through one centimeter thick mouse tissue. Although red-light-activated receptor tyrosine kinases are particularly attractive for applications in animal models due to the deep tissue penetration of red light, a drawback, especially with regard to translation into humans, is the requirement of gene therapy.\r\nIn a second approach an endogenous light-sensitive mechanism was identified and its potential to promote proliferative and pro-survival signals was explored, towards light-based tissue regeneration without the need for gene transfer. Blue-green light illumination was found to be sufficient for the activation of proliferation and survival promoting signaling pathways in primary pancreatic murine and human islets. Blue-green light also led to an increase in proliferation of primary islet cells, an effect which was shown to be mostly β-cell specific in human islets. Moreover, it was demonstrated that this approach of pancreatic β-cell expansion did not have any negative effect on the β-cell function, in particular on their insulin secretion capacity. In contrast, a trend for enhanced insulin secretion under high glucose conditions after illumination was detected. In order to unravel the detailed characteristics of this endogenous light-sensitive mechanism, the precise light requirements were determined. In addition, the expression of light sensing proteins, OPN3 and rhodopsin, was detected. The observed effects were found to be independent of handling effects such as temperature differences and cytochrome c oxidase dependent ATP increase, but they were found to be enhanced through the knockout of OPN3. The exact mechanism of how islets cells sense light and the identity of the photoreceptor remains unknown.\r\nSummarized two new light-based systems with unique features were established that enable the activation of proliferative and pro-survival signaling pathways. While red-light-activated receptor tyrosine kinases open a new avenue for optogenetics research, by allowing non-invasive control of signaling in vivo, the identified endogenous light-sensitive mechanism has the potential to be the basis of a gene therapy-free therapeutical approach for light-based β-cell expansion.","lang":"eng"}],"year":"2018","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:46:22Z","related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","id":"1678","relation":"part_of_dissertation"},{"id":"1028","relation":"part_of_dissertation","status":"public"},{"relation":"part_of_dissertation","id":"1441","status":"public"},{"status":"public","relation":"part_of_dissertation","id":"2084"}]},"oa_version":"Published Version","degree_awarded":"PhD","citation":{"mla":"Gschaider-Reichhart, Eva. <i>Optical and Optogenetic Control of Proliferation and Survival </i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_913\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_913</a>.","ista":"Gschaider-Reichhart E. 2018. Optical and optogenetic control of proliferation and survival . Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","ieee":"E. Gschaider-Reichhart, “Optical and optogenetic control of proliferation and survival ,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.","apa":"Gschaider-Reichhart, E. (2018). <i>Optical and optogenetic control of proliferation and survival </i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_913\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_913</a>","chicago":"Gschaider-Reichhart, Eva. “Optical and Optogenetic Control of Proliferation and Survival .” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_913\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_913</a>.","ama":"Gschaider-Reichhart E. Optical and optogenetic control of proliferation and survival . 2018. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_913\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_913</a>","short":"E. Gschaider-Reichhart, Optical and Optogenetic Control of Proliferation and Survival , Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018."},"department":[{"_id":"HaJa"}],"alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"user_id":"ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd","publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","pubrep_id":"913","supervisor":[{"full_name":"Janovjak, Harald L","first_name":"Harald L","orcid":"0000-0002-8023-9315","id":"33BA6C30-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Janovjak"}],"article_processing_charge":"No","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2663-337X"]},"day":"08","OA_place":"publisher","date_published":"2018-01-08T00:00:00Z","file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:46:24Z","type":"dissertation","doi":"10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_913","oa":1,"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"has_accepted_license":"1","corr_author":"1"},{"ddc":["515","530","519"],"publication_status":"published","date_updated":"2026-04-16T12:20:40Z","month":"09","author":[{"last_name":"Moser","id":"2B5FC9A4-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Moser, Thomas","first_name":"Thomas"}],"_id":"52","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"status":"public","file":[{"date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:46:37Z","date_created":"2019-04-09T07:45:38Z","checksum":"fbd8c747d148b468a21213b7cf175225","file_size":851164,"file_name":"2018_Thesis_Moser.pdf","access_level":"open_access","content_type":"application/pdf","relation":"main_file","creator":"dernst","file_id":"6256"},{"creator":"dernst","file_id":"6257","file_name":"2018_Thesis_Moser_Source.zip","content_type":"application/zip","access_level":"closed","relation":"source_file","file_size":1531516,"checksum":"c28e16ecfc1126d3ce324ec96493c01e","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:46:37Z","date_created":"2019-04-09T07:45:38Z"}],"title":"Point interactions in systems of fermions","related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"part_of_dissertation","id":"5856","status":"public"},{"id":"741","relation":"part_of_dissertation","status":"public"},{"relation":"part_of_dissertation","id":"1198","status":"public"},{"status":"public","relation":"part_of_dissertation","id":"154"}]},"date_created":"2018-12-11T11:44:22Z","oa_version":"Published Version","abstract":[{"text":"In this thesis we will discuss systems of point interacting fermions, their stability and other spectral properties. Whereas for bosons a point interacting system is always unstable this ques- tion is more subtle for a gas of two species of fermions. In particular the answer depends on the mass ratio between these two species. Most of this work will be focused on the N + M model which consists of two species of fermions with N, M particles respectively which interact via point interactions. We will introduce this model using a formal limit and discuss the N + 1 system in more detail. In particular, we will show that for mass ratios above a critical one, which does not depend on the particle number, the N + 1 system is stable. In the context of this model we will prove rigorous versions of Tan relations which relate various quantities of the point-interacting model. By restricting the N + 1 system to a box we define a finite density model with point in- teractions. In the context of this system we will discuss the energy change when introducing a point-interacting impurity into a system of non-interacting fermions. We will see that this change in energy is bounded independently of the particle number and in particular the bound only depends on the density and the scattering length. As another special case of the N + M model we will show stability of the 2 + 2 model for mass ratios in an interval around one. Further we will investigate a different model of point interactions which was discussed before in the literature and which is, contrary to the N + M model, not given by a limiting procedure but is based on a Dirichlet form. We will show that this system behaves trivially in the thermodynamic limit, i.e. the free energy per particle is the same as the one of the non-interacting system.","lang":"eng"}],"page":"115","publist_id":"8002","year":"2018","project":[{"_id":"25C878CE-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"Structure of the Excitation Spectrum for Many-Body Quantum Systems","call_identifier":"FWF","grant_number":"P27533_N27"}],"day":"04","date_published":"2018-09-04T00:00:00Z","OA_place":"publisher","publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"user_id":"ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd","citation":{"ista":"Moser T. 2018. Point interactions in systems of fermions. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","apa":"Moser, T. (2018). <i>Point interactions in systems of fermions</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1043\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1043</a>","ieee":"T. Moser, “Point interactions in systems of fermions,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.","chicago":"Moser, Thomas. “Point Interactions in Systems of Fermions.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1043\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1043</a>.","mla":"Moser, Thomas. <i>Point Interactions in Systems of Fermions</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1043\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1043</a>.","short":"T. Moser, Point Interactions in Systems of Fermions, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.","ama":"Moser T. Point interactions in systems of fermions. 2018. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1043\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1043</a>"},"department":[{"_id":"RoSe"}],"degree_awarded":"PhD","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2663-337X"]},"pubrep_id":"1043","supervisor":[{"first_name":"Robert","orcid":"0000-0002-6781-0521","full_name":"Seiringer, Robert","id":"4AFD0470-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Seiringer"}],"article_processing_charge":"No","has_accepted_license":"1","corr_author":"1","type":"dissertation","file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:46:37Z","oa":1,"doi":"10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1043"},{"oa_version":"Published Version","related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","id":"1321","relation":"part_of_dissertation"}]},"date_created":"2018-12-11T11:45:49Z","year":"2018","page":"99","publist_id":"7542","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"In the here presented thesis, we explore the role of branched actin networks in cell migration and antigen presentation, the two most relevant processes in dendritic cell biology. Branched actin networks construct lamellipodial protrusions at the leading edge of migrating cells. These are typically seen as adhesive structures, which mediate force transduction to the extracellular matrix that leads to forward locomotion. We ablated Arp2/3 nucleation promoting factor WAVE in DCs and found that the resulting cells lack lamellipodial protrusions. Instead, depending on the maturation state, one or multiple filopodia were formed. By challenging these cells in a variety of migration assays we found that lamellipodial protrusions are dispensable for the locomotion of leukocytes and actually dampen the speed of migration. However, lamellipodia are critically required to negotiate complex environments that DCs experience while they travel to the next draining lymph node. Taken together our results suggest that leukocyte lamellipodia have rather a sensory- than a force transducing function. Furthermore, we show for the first time structure and dynamics of dendritic cell F-actin at the immunological synapse with naïve T cells. Dendritic cell F-actin appears as dynamic foci that are nucleated by the Arp2/3 complex. WAVE ablated dendritic cells show increased membrane tension, leading to an altered ultrastructure of the immunological synapse and severe T cell priming defects. These results point towards a previously unappreciated role of the cellular mechanics of dendritic cells in T cell activation. Additionally, we present a novel cell culture based system for the differentiation of dendritic cells from conditionally immortalized hematopoietic precursors. These precursor cells are genetically tractable via the CRISPR/Cas9 system while they retain their ability to differentiate into highly migratory dendritic cells and other immune cells. This will foster the study of all aspects of dendritic cell biology and beyond. "}],"author":[{"last_name":"Leithner","id":"3B1B77E4-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-1073-744X","first_name":"Alexander F","full_name":"Leithner, Alexander F"}],"month":"04","publication_status":"published","date_updated":"2025-09-22T08:27:34Z","ddc":["571","599","610"],"status":"public","file":[{"date_updated":"2021-02-11T23:30:17Z","embargo_to":"open_access","date_created":"2019-04-05T09:23:11Z","file_size":29027671,"checksum":"d5e3edbac548c26c1fa43a4b37a54a4c","file_name":"PhD_thesis_AlexLeithner_final_version.docx","relation":"source_file","access_level":"closed","content_type":"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document","file_id":"6219","creator":"dernst"},{"date_created":"2019-04-05T09:23:11Z","date_updated":"2021-02-11T11:17:16Z","checksum":"071f7476db29e41146824ebd0697cb10","file_size":66045341,"embargo":"2019-04-15","access_level":"open_access","content_type":"application/pdf","relation":"main_file","file_name":"PhD_thesis_AlexLeithner.pdf","creator":"dernst","file_id":"6220"}],"title":"Branched actin networks in dendritic cell biology","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"323","acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"NanoFab"},{"_id":"Bio"},{"_id":"PreCl"},{"_id":"EM-Fac"}],"corr_author":"1","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"acknowledgement":"First of all I would like to thank Michael Sixt for giving me the opportunity to work in \r\nhis group and for his support throughout the years. He is a truly inspiring person and \r\nthe  best  boss  one  can  imagine.  I  would  also  like  to  thank  all  current  and  past \r\nmembers of the Sixt group for their help and the great working atmosphere in the lab. \r\nIt is a true privilege to work with such a bright, funny and friendly group of people and \r\nI’m  proud  that  I  could  be  part  of  it.  Furthermore,  I  would  like  to  say  ‘thank  you’  to Daria Siekhaus for all the meetings and discussion we had throughout the years \r\nand to  Federica  Benvenuti  for  being  part  of  my  committee.  I  am  also  grateful  to  Jack \r\nMerrin  in  the  nanofabrication  facility  and  all  the  people  working  in  the  bioimaging-\r\n, the electron microscopy- and the preclinical facilities.","has_accepted_license":"1","doi":"10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_998","oa":1,"type":"dissertation","file_date_updated":"2021-02-11T23:30:17Z","date_published":"2018-04-12T00:00:00Z","day":"12","supervisor":[{"orcid":"0000-0002-6620-9179","first_name":"Michael K","full_name":"Sixt, Michael K","last_name":"Sixt","id":"41E9FBEA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}],"pubrep_id":"998","article_processing_charge":"No","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2663-337X"]},"degree_awarded":"PhD","publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"user_id":"c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1","citation":{"ista":"Leithner AF. 2018. Branched actin networks in dendritic cell biology. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","chicago":"Leithner, Alexander F. “Branched Actin Networks in Dendritic Cell Biology.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_998\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_998</a>.","ieee":"A. F. Leithner, “Branched actin networks in dendritic cell biology,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.","apa":"Leithner, A. F. (2018). <i>Branched actin networks in dendritic cell biology</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_998\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_998</a>","mla":"Leithner, Alexander F. <i>Branched Actin Networks in Dendritic Cell Biology</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_998\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_998</a>.","short":"A.F. Leithner, Branched Actin Networks in Dendritic Cell Biology, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.","ama":"Leithner AF. Branched actin networks in dendritic cell biology. 2018. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_998\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_998</a>"},"department":[{"_id":"MiSi"}]},{"year":"2018","abstract":[{"text":"Antibiotic  resistance  can  emerge  spontaneously  through  genomic  mutation  and  render treatment   ineffective.   To   counteract   this process, in   addition   to   the   discovery   and description of resistance mechanisms,a deeper understanding of resistanceevolvabilityand its  determinantsis  needed. To address  this challenge,  this  thesisuncoversnew  genetic determinants   of   resistance   evolvability   using   a   customized   robotic   setup, exploressystematic   ways   in   which   resistance   evolution   is   perturbed   due   to dose-responsecharacteristics  of  drugs and  mutation  rate  differences,and  mathematically  investigates the evolutionary fate of one specific type of evolvability modifier -a stress-induced mutagenesis allele.We  find  severalgenes  which  strongly  inhibit  or  potentiate  resistance  evolution.  In  order to identify   them,   we   first developedan   automated   high-throughput   feedback-controlled protocol whichkeeps the population size and selection pressure approximately constant for hundreds  of  cultures  by  dynamically  re-diluting  the  cultures  and  adjusting  the  antibiotic concentration.  We  implementedthis  protocol  on  a  customized  liquid  handling  robot  and propagated  100  different  gene  deletion  strains  of Escherichia  coliin  triplicate  for  over  100 generations  in  tetracycline  and  in  chloramphenicol,  and  comparedtheir  adaptation  rates.We  find  a  diminishing  returns  pattern,  where  initially  sensitive  strains  adapted  more compared to less sensitive ones.  Our data uncover that deletions of certain genes which do not  affect  mutation  rate,including  efflux  pump  components,  a  chaperone  and severalstructural  and regulatory  genes  can strongly  and  reproducibly  alterresistance  evolution. Sequencing   analysis of   evolved   populations   indicates   that   epistasis   with   resistance mutations  is  the  most  likelyexplanation. This  work  could  inspire  treatment  strategies  in which  targeted  inhibitors  of  evolvability  mechanisms  will  be  given  alongside  antibiotics  to slow down resistance evolution and extend theefficacy of antibiotics.We implemented  astochasticpopulation  genetics  model, toverifyways  in  which  general properties,  namely,  dose-response  characteristics  of  drugs  and  mutation  rates,  influence evolutionary  dynamics.  In  particular,  under  the  exposure  to  antibiotics  with  shallow  dose-response  curves,bacteria  have  narrower  distributions  of  fitness  effects  of  new  mutations. We  show  that in  silicothis  also  leads  to  slower  resistance  evolution.  We see and  confirm with experiments that increased mutation rates, apart from speeding up evolution, also leadto high reproducibility of phenotypic adaptation in a context of continually strong selection pressure.Knowledge  of  these  patterns  can  aid  in  predicting  the  dynamics  of  antibiotic resistance evolutionand adapting treatment schemes accordingly.Focusing on   a   previously   described   type   of   evolvability   modifier –a   stress-induced mutagenesis  allele –we  find  conditions  under  which  it  can  persist  in  a  population  under periodic  selectionakin  to  clinical  treatment. We  set  up  a  deterministic infinite  populationcontinuous  time  model  tracking  the  frequencies  of  a  mutator  and  resistance  allele  and evaluate  various  treatment  schemes  in  how  well  they  maintain  a stress-induced mutator allele. In particular,a high diversity  of stresses  is  crucial  for  the  persistence of the  mutator allele. This leads to a general trade-off where exactly those diversifying treatment schemes which  are  likely  to  decrease  levels  of  resistance  could  lead  to  stronger  selection  of  highly evolvable genotypes.In  the  long  run,  this  work  will  lead  to  a  deeper  understanding  of  the  genetic  and  cellular mechanisms involved in antibiotic resistance evolution and could inspire new strategies for slowing down its rate. ","lang":"eng"}],"page":"91","oa_version":"Published Version","date_created":"2019-04-09T13:57:15Z","related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","relation":"part_of_dissertation","id":"1027"},{"id":"696","relation":"part_of_dissertation","status":"public"},{"id":"1619","relation":"part_of_dissertation","status":"public"}]},"title":"Genetic determinants of antibiotic resistance evolution","status":"public","file":[{"file_id":"6264","creator":"dernst","relation":"main_file","access_level":"open_access","embargo":"2020-01-25","content_type":"application/pdf","file_name":"2018_Thesis_Lukacisinova.pdf","checksum":"fc60585c9eaad868ac007004ef130908","file_size":5656866,"date_created":"2019-04-09T13:49:24Z","date_updated":"2021-02-11T11:17:17Z"},{"file_size":5168054,"checksum":"264057ec0a92ab348cc83b41f021ba92","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:47:25Z","date_created":"2019-04-09T13:49:23Z","embargo_to":"open_access","creator":"dernst","file_id":"6265","file_name":"2018_Thesis_Lukacisinova_source.docx","content_type":"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document","access_level":"closed","relation":"source_file"}],"_id":"6263","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"month":"12","author":[{"last_name":"Lukacisinova","id":"4342E402-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Lukacisinova, Marta","orcid":"0000-0002-2519-8004","first_name":"Marta"}],"ddc":["570","576","579"],"date_updated":"2026-04-08T14:15:06Z","publication_status":"published","oa":1,"doi":"10.15479/AT:ISTA:th1072","file_date_updated":"2021-02-11T11:17:17Z","type":"dissertation","acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"M-Shop"},{"_id":"LifeSc"}],"corr_author":"1","has_accepted_license":"1","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2663-337X"]},"supervisor":[{"last_name":"Bollenbach","id":"3E6DB97A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Bollenbach, Tobias","orcid":"0000-0003-4398-476X","first_name":"Tobias"}],"article_processing_charge":"No","user_id":"ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd","citation":{"mla":"Lukacisinova, Marta. <i>Genetic Determinants of Antibiotic Resistance Evolution</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th1072\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:th1072</a>.","ieee":"M. Lukacisinova, “Genetic determinants of antibiotic resistance evolution,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.","chicago":"Lukacisinova, Marta. “Genetic Determinants of Antibiotic Resistance Evolution.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th1072\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th1072</a>.","apa":"Lukacisinova, M. (2018). <i>Genetic determinants of antibiotic resistance evolution</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th1072\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th1072</a>","ista":"Lukacisinova M. 2018. Genetic determinants of antibiotic resistance evolution. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","ama":"Lukacisinova M. Genetic determinants of antibiotic resistance evolution. 2018. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th1072\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:th1072</a>","short":"M. Lukacisinova, Genetic Determinants of Antibiotic Resistance Evolution, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018."},"alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"department":[{"_id":"ToBo"}],"publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","degree_awarded":"PhD","date_published":"2018-12-28T00:00:00Z","OA_place":"publisher","day":"28"},{"department":[{"_id":"RySh"}],"user_id":"ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd","citation":{"short":"M.J. Case, From the Left to the Right: A Tale of Asymmetries, Environments, and Hippocampal Development, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.","ama":"Case MJ. From the left to the right: A tale of asymmetries, environments, and hippocampal development. 2018. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1032\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1032</a>","ista":"Case MJ. 2018. From the left to the right: A tale of asymmetries, environments, and hippocampal development. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","ieee":"M. J. Case, “From the left to the right: A tale of asymmetries, environments, and hippocampal development,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.","chicago":"Case, Matthew J. “From the Left to the Right: A Tale of Asymmetries, Environments, and Hippocampal Development.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1032\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1032</a>.","apa":"Case, M. J. (2018). <i>From the left to the right: A tale of asymmetries, environments, and hippocampal development</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1032\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1032</a>","mla":"Case, Matthew J. <i>From the Left to the Right: A Tale of Asymmetries, Environments, and Hippocampal Development</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1032\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1032</a>."},"alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","degree_awarded":"PhD","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2663-337X"]},"pubrep_id":"1032","article_processing_charge":"No","supervisor":[{"last_name":"Shigemoto","id":"499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Shigemoto, Ryuichi","orcid":"0000-0001-8761-9444","first_name":"Ryuichi"}],"day":"27","date_published":"2018-06-27T00:00:00Z","OA_place":"publisher","file_date_updated":"2021-02-11T23:30:13Z","type":"dissertation","oa":1,"doi":"10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1032","has_accepted_license":"1","corr_author":"1","_id":"51","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"title":"From the left to the right: A tale of asymmetries, environments, and hippocampal development","status":"public","file":[{"file_size":141270528,"checksum":"dcc7b55619d8509dd62b8e99d6cdee44","embargo_to":"open_access","date_created":"2019-04-09T07:16:26Z","date_updated":"2021-02-11T23:30:13Z","file_id":"6251","creator":"dernst","relation":"source_file","content_type":"application/msword","access_level":"closed","file_name":"2018_Thesis_Case_Source.doc"},{"creator":"dernst","file_id":"6252","access_level":"open_access","embargo":"2019-07-05","content_type":"application/pdf","relation":"main_file","file_name":"2018_Thesis_Case.pdf","file_size":15193621,"checksum":"f69fdd5c8709c4e618aa8c1a1221153d","date_created":"2019-04-09T07:16:23Z","date_updated":"2021-02-11T11:17:14Z"}],"ddc":["571","576"],"date_updated":"2026-04-08T14:13:44Z","publication_status":"published","month":"06","author":[{"first_name":"Matthew J","full_name":"Case, Matthew J","id":"44B7CA5A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Case"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Asymmetries have long been known about in the central nervous system. From gross anatomical differences, such as the presence of the parapineal organ in only one hemisphere of the developing zebrafish, to more subtle differences in activity between both hemispheres, as seen in freely roaming animals or human participants under PET and fMRI imaging analysis. The presence of asymmetries has been demonstrated to have huge behavioural implications, with their disruption often leading to the generation of neurological disorders, memory problems, changes in personality, and in an organism's health and well-being. For my Ph.D. work I aimed to tackle two important avenues of research. The first being the process of input-side dependency in the hippocampus, with the goal of finding a key gene responsible for its development (Gene X). The second project was to do with experience-induced laterality formation in the hippocampus. Specifically, how laterality in the synapse density of the CA1 stratum radiatum (s.r.) could be induced purely through environmental enrichment. Through unilateral tracer injections into the CA3, I was able to selectively measure the properties of synapses within the CA1 and investigate how they differed based upon which hemisphere the presynaptic neurone originated. Having found the existence of a previously unreported reversed (left-isomerism) i.v. mutant, through morpholocal examination of labelled terminals in the CA1 s.r., I aimed to elucidate a key gene responsible for the process of left or right determination of inputs to the CA1 s.r.. This work relates to the previous finding of input-side dependent asymmetry in the wild-type rodent, where the origin of the projecting neurone to the CA1 will determine the morphology of a synapse, to a greater degree than the hemisphere in which the projection terminates. Using left- and right-isomerism i.v. mice, in combination with whole genome sequence analysis, I highlight Ena/VASP-like (Evl) as a potential target for Gene X. In relation to this topic, I also highlight my work in the recently published paper of how knockout of PirB can lead to a lack of input-side dependency in the murine hippocampus. For the second question, I show that the environmental enrichment paradigm will lead to an asymmetry in the synapse densities in the hippocampus of mice. I also highlight that the nature of the enrichment is of less consequence than the process of enrichment itself. I demonstrate that the CA3 region will dramatically alter its projection targets, in relation to environmental stimulation, with the asymmetry in synaptic density, caused by enrichment, relying heavily on commissural fibres. I also highlight the vital importance of input-side dependent asymmetry, as a necessary component of experience-dependent laterality formation in the CA1 s.r.. However, my results suggest that it isn't the only cause, as there appears to be a CA1 dependent mechanism also at play. Upon further investigation, I highlight the significant, and highly important, finding that the changes seen in the CA1 s.r. were predominantly caused through projections from the left-CA3, with the right-CA3 having less involvement in this mechanism."}],"publist_id":"8003","page":"186","year":"2018","related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"part_of_dissertation","id":"682","status":"public"}]},"date_created":"2018-12-11T11:44:22Z","oa_version":"Published Version"},{"month":"11","author":[{"orcid":"0000-0002-7903-3010","first_name":"Susanne","full_name":"Laukoter, Susanne","last_name":"Laukoter","id":"2D6B7A9A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}],"ddc":["570"],"date_updated":"2026-04-08T14:12:45Z","publication_status":"published","title":"Role of genomic imprinting in cerebral cortex development","status":"public","file":[{"checksum":"41fdbf5fdce312802935d88a8ad9932c","file_size":17949175,"date_updated":"2019-11-23T23:30:03Z","date_created":"2019-05-10T07:47:04Z","embargo_to":"open_access","file_id":"6396","creator":"dernst","file_name":"Thesis_LaukoterSusanne_FINAL.docx","relation":"source_file","access_level":"closed","content_type":"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document"},{"checksum":"53001a9a0c9e570e598d861bb0af28aa","file_size":21187245,"date_updated":"2021-02-11T11:17:16Z","date_created":"2019-05-10T07:47:04Z","file_id":"6397","creator":"dernst","file_name":"Thesis_LaukoterSusanne_FINAL.pdf","relation":"main_file","content_type":"application/pdf","embargo":"2019-11-21","access_level":"open_access"}],"_id":"10","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"oa_version":"Published Version","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:44:08Z","year":"2018","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Genomic imprinting is an epigenetic process that leads to parent of origin-specific gene expression in a subset of genes. Imprinted genes are essential for brain development, and deregulation of imprinting is associated with neurodevelopmental diseases and the pathogenesis of psychiatric disorders. However, the cell-type specificity of imprinting at single cell resolution, and how imprinting and thus gene dosage regulates neuronal circuit assembly is still largely unknown. Here, MADM (Mosaic Analysis with Double Markers) technology was employed to assess genomic imprinting at single cell level. By visualizing MADM-induced uniparental disomies (UPDs) in distinct colors at single cell level in genetic mosaic animals, this experimental paradigm provides a unique quantitative platform to systematically assay the UPD-mediated imbalances in imprinted gene expression at unprecedented resolution. An experimental pipeline based on FACS, RNA-seq and bioinformatics analysis was established and applied to systematically map cell-type-specific ‘imprintomes’ in the mouse brain. The results revealed that parental-specific expression of imprinted genes per se is rarely cell-type-specific even at the individual cell level. Conversely, when we extended the comparison to downstream responses resulting from imbalanced imprinted gene expression, we discovered an unexpectedly high degree of cell-type specificity. Furthermore, we determined a novel function of genomic imprinting in cortical astrocyte production and in olfactory bulb (OB) granule cell generation. These results suggest important functional implication of genomic imprinting for generating cell-type diversity in the brain. In addition, MADM provides a powerful tool to study candidate genes by concomitant genetic manipulation and fluorescent labelling of single cells. MADM-based candidate gene approach was utilized to identify potential imprinted genes involved in the generation of cortical astrocytes and OB granule cells. We investigated p57Kip2, a maternally expressed gene and known cell cycle regulator. Although we found that p57Kip2 does not play a role in these processes, we detected an unexpected function of the paternal allele previously thought to be silent. Finally, we took advantage of a key property of MADM which is to allow unambiguous investigation of environmental impact on single cells. The experimental pipeline based on FACS and RNA-seq analysis of MADM-labeled cells was established to probe the functional differences of single cell loss of gene function compared to global loss of function on a transcriptional level. With this method, both common and distinct responses were isolated due to cell-autonomous and non-autonomous effects acting on genotypically identical cells. As a result, transcriptional changes were identified which result solely from the surrounding environment. Using the MADM technology to study genomic imprinting at single cell resolution, we have identified cell-type-specific gene expression, novel gene function and the impact of environment on single cell transcriptomes. Together, these provide important insights to the understanding of mechanisms regulating cell-type specificity and thus diversity in the brain."}],"publist_id":"8046","page":"1 - 139","date_published":"2018-11-21T00:00:00Z","OA_place":"publisher","day":"21","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2663-337X"]},"supervisor":[{"id":"49E1C5C6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Vicoso","full_name":"Vicoso, Beatriz","first_name":"Beatriz","orcid":"0000-0002-4579-8306"}],"article_processing_charge":"No","pubrep_id":"1057","citation":{"short":"S. Laukoter, Role of Genomic Imprinting in Cerebral Cortex Development, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.","ama":"Laukoter S. Role of genomic imprinting in cerebral cortex development. 2018:1-139. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th1057\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:th1057</a>","ista":"Laukoter S. 2018. Role of genomic imprinting in cerebral cortex development. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","apa":"Laukoter, S. (2018). <i>Role of genomic imprinting in cerebral cortex development</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th1057\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th1057</a>","ieee":"S. Laukoter, “Role of genomic imprinting in cerebral cortex development,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.","chicago":"Laukoter, Susanne. “Role of Genomic Imprinting in Cerebral Cortex Development.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th1057\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th1057</a>.","mla":"Laukoter, Susanne. <i>Role of Genomic Imprinting in Cerebral Cortex Development</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018, pp. 1–139, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th1057\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:th1057</a>."},"department":[{"_id":"SiHi"}],"user_id":"ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd","alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","degree_awarded":"PhD","corr_author":"1","has_accepted_license":"1","oa":1,"doi":"10.15479/AT:ISTA:th1057","file_date_updated":"2021-02-11T11:17:16Z","type":"dissertation"},{"date_created":"2018-12-11T11:44:21Z","oa_version":"Published Version","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The hippocampus is a key brain region for spatial memory and navigation and is needed at all stages of memory, including encoding, consolidation, and recall. Hippocampal place cells selectively discharge at specific locations of the environment to form a cognitive map of the space. During the rest period and sleep following spatial navigation and/or learning, the waking activity of the place cells is reactivated within high synchrony events. This reactivation is thought to be important for memory consolidation and stabilization of the spatial representations. The aim of my thesis was to directly test whether the reactivation content encoded in firing patterns of place cells is important for consolidation of spatial memories. In particular, I aimed to test whether, in cases when multiple spatial memory traces are acquired during learning, the specific disruption of the reactivation of a subset of these memories leads to the selective disruption of the corresponding memory traces or through memory interference the other learned memories are disrupted as well. In this thesis, using a modified cheeseboard paradigm and a closed-loop recording setup with feedback optogenetic stimulation, I examined how the disruption of the reactivation of specific spiking patterns affects consolidation of the corresponding memory traces. To obtain multiple distinctive memories, animals had to perform a spatial task in two distinct cheeseboard environments and the reactivation of spiking patterns associated with one of the environments (target) was disrupted after learning during four hours rest period using a real-time decoding method. This real-time decoding method was capable of selectively affecting the firing rates and cofiring correlations of the target environment-encoding cells. The selective disruption led to behavioural impairment in the memory tests after the rest periods in the target environment but not in the other undisrupted control environment. In addition, the map of the target environment was less stable in the impaired memory tests compared to the learning session before than the map of the control environment. However, when the animal relearned the task, the same map recurred in the target environment that was present during learning before the disruption. Altogether my work demonstrated that the reactivation content is important: assembly-related disruption of reactivation can lead to a selective memory impairment and deficiency in map stability. These findings indeed suggest that reactivated assembly patterns reflect processes associated with the consolidation of memory traces. "}],"publist_id":"8006","page":"104","year":"2018","ddc":["573"],"date_updated":"2026-04-08T14:13:15Z","publication_status":"published","author":[{"last_name":"Gridchyn","id":"4B60654C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-1807-1929","first_name":"Igor","full_name":"Gridchyn, Igor"}],"month":"08","_id":"48","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"title":"Reactivation content is important for consolidation of spatial memory","status":"public","file":[{"creator":"dernst","file_id":"6236","file_name":"2018_Thesis_Gridchyn_source.docx","content_type":"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document","access_level":"closed","relation":"source_file","checksum":"7db4415e435590fa33542c7b0a0321d7","file_size":7666687,"date_updated":"2021-02-11T23:30:22Z","embargo_to":"open_access","date_created":"2019-04-08T13:36:01Z"},{"checksum":"f96f3fe8979f7b1e6db6acaca962b10c","file_size":6034153,"date_created":"2019-04-08T13:36:01Z","date_updated":"2021-02-11T11:17:18Z","file_id":"6237","creator":"dernst","relation":"main_file","access_level":"open_access","embargo":"2019-08-29","content_type":"application/pdf","file_name":"2018_Thesis_Gridchyn.pdf"}],"has_accepted_license":"1","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"corr_author":"1","file_date_updated":"2021-02-11T23:30:22Z","type":"dissertation","oa":1,"doi":"10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1042","day":"27","date_published":"2018-08-27T00:00:00Z","OA_place":"publisher","citation":{"mla":"Gridchyn, Igor. <i>Reactivation Content Is Important for Consolidation of Spatial Memory</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1042\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1042</a>.","ieee":"I. Gridchyn, “Reactivation content is important for consolidation of spatial memory,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.","chicago":"Gridchyn, Igor. “Reactivation Content Is Important for Consolidation of Spatial Memory.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1042\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1042</a>.","apa":"Gridchyn, I. (2018). <i>Reactivation content is important for consolidation of spatial memory</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1042\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1042</a>","ista":"Gridchyn I. 2018. Reactivation content is important for consolidation of spatial memory. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","ama":"Gridchyn I. Reactivation content is important for consolidation of spatial memory. 2018. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1042\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1042</a>","short":"I. Gridchyn, Reactivation Content Is Important for Consolidation of Spatial Memory, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018."},"user_id":"ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd","department":[{"_id":"JoCs"}],"alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","degree_awarded":"PhD","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2663-337X"]},"supervisor":[{"last_name":"Csicsvari","id":"3FA14672-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Csicsvari, Jozsef L","orcid":"0000-0002-5193-4036","first_name":"Jozsef L"}],"article_processing_charge":"No","pubrep_id":"1042"},{"publication_identifier":{"issn":["2663-337X"]},"supervisor":[{"last_name":"Siekhaus","id":"3D224B9E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0001-8323-8353","first_name":"Daria E","full_name":"Siekhaus, Daria E"}],"pubrep_id":"1064","article_processing_charge":"No","citation":{"short":"V. Belyaeva, Transcriptional Regulation of Macrophage Migration in the Drosophila Melanogaster Embryo , Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.","ama":"Belyaeva V. Transcriptional regulation of macrophage migration in the Drosophila melanogaster embryo . 2018. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th1064\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:th1064</a>","chicago":"Belyaeva, Vera. “Transcriptional Regulation of Macrophage Migration in the Drosophila Melanogaster Embryo .” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th1064\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th1064</a>.","ieee":"V. Belyaeva, “Transcriptional regulation of macrophage migration in the Drosophila melanogaster embryo ,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.","apa":"Belyaeva, V. (2018). <i>Transcriptional regulation of macrophage migration in the Drosophila melanogaster embryo </i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th1064\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th1064</a>","ista":"Belyaeva V. 2018. Transcriptional regulation of macrophage migration in the Drosophila melanogaster embryo . Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","mla":"Belyaeva, Vera. <i>Transcriptional Regulation of Macrophage Migration in the Drosophila Melanogaster Embryo </i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th1064\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:th1064</a>."},"department":[{"_id":"DaSi"}],"alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"user_id":"ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd","publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","degree_awarded":"PhD","date_published":"2018-07-01T00:00:00Z","OA_place":"publisher","day":"01","oa":1,"doi":"10.15479/AT:ISTA:th1064","file_date_updated":"2021-02-11T11:17:16Z","type":"dissertation","corr_author":"1","has_accepted_license":"1","title":"Transcriptional regulation of macrophage migration in the Drosophila melanogaster embryo ","file":[{"file_id":"6243","creator":"dernst","relation":"source_file","access_level":"closed","content_type":"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document","file_name":"2018_Thesis_Belyaeva_source.docx","checksum":"d27b2465cb70d0c9678a0381b9b6ced1","file_size":102737483,"date_created":"2019-04-08T14:13:12Z","embargo_to":"open_access","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:48:14Z"},{"checksum":"a2939b61bde2de7b8ced77bbae0eaaed","file_size":88077843,"date_created":"2019-04-08T14:14:08Z","date_updated":"2021-02-11T11:17:16Z","creator":"dernst","file_id":"6244","access_level":"open_access","content_type":"application/pdf","embargo":"2019-11-19","relation":"main_file","file_name":"2018_Thesis_Belyaeva.pdf"}],"status":"public","_id":"9","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"month":"07","author":[{"last_name":"Belyaeva","id":"47F080FE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Belyaeva, Vera","first_name":"Vera"}],"ddc":["570"],"date_updated":"2026-04-08T14:13:03Z","publication_status":"published","year":"2018","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Immune cells migrating to the sites of infection navigate through diverse tissue architectures and switch their migratory mechanisms upon demand. However, little is known about systemic regulators that could allow the acquisition of these mechanisms. We performed a genetic screen in Drosophila melanogaster to identify regulators of germband invasion by embryonic macrophages into the confined space between the ectoderm and mesoderm. We have found that bZIP circadian transcription factors (TFs) Kayak (dFos) and Vrille (dNFIL3) have opposite effects on macrophage germband infiltration: Kayak facilitated and Vrille inhibited it. These TFs are enriched in the macrophages during migration and genetically interact to control it. Kayak sets a less coordinated mode of migration of the macrophage group and increases the probability and length of Levy walks. Intriguingly, the motility of kayak mutant macrophages was also strongly affected during initial germband invasion but not along another less confined route. Inhibiting Rho1 signaling within the tail ectoderm partially rescued the Kayak mutant phenotype, strongly suggesting that migrating macrophages have to overcome a barrier imposed by the stiffness of the ectoderm. Also, Kayak appeared to be important for the maintenance of the round cell shape and the rear edge translocation of the macrophages invading the germband. Complementary to this, the cortical actin cytoskeleton of Kayak- deficient macrophages was strongly affected. RNA sequencing revealed the filamin Cheerio and tetraspanin TM4SF to be downstream of Kayak. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and immunostaining revealed that the formin Diaphanous is another downstream target of Kayak. Immunostaining revealed that the formin Diaphanous is another downstream target of Kayak. Indeed, Cheerio, TM4SF and Diaphanous are required within macrophages for germband invasion, and expression of constitutively active Diaphanous in macrophages was able to rescue the kayak mutant phenotype. Moreover, Cher and Diaphanous are also reduced in the macrophages overexpressing Vrille. We hypothesize that Kayak, through its targets, increases actin polymerization and cortical tension in macrophages and thus allows extra force generation necessary for macrophage dissemination and migration through confined stiff tissues, while Vrille counterbalances it."}],"publist_id":"8047","page":"96","oa_version":"Published Version","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:44:08Z"},{"acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"PreCl"},{"_id":"EM-Fac"},{"_id":"Bio"}],"corr_author":"1","has_accepted_license":"1","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"oa":1,"doi":"10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_992","file_date_updated":"2021-02-11T23:30:15Z","type":"dissertation","date_published":"2018-03-01T00:00:00Z","OA_place":"publisher","day":"01","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2663-337X"]},"pubrep_id":"992","article_processing_charge":"No","supervisor":[{"last_name":"Novarino","id":"3E57A680-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Novarino, Gaia","orcid":"0000-0002-7673-7178","first_name":"Gaia"}],"citation":{"mla":"Tarlungeanu, Dora-Clara. <i>The Branched Chain Amino Acids in Autism Spectrum Disorders </i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_992\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_992</a>.","ista":"Tarlungeanu D-C. 2018. The branched chain amino acids in autism spectrum disorders . Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","ieee":"D.-C. Tarlungeanu, “The branched chain amino acids in autism spectrum disorders ,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.","chicago":"Tarlungeanu, Dora-Clara. “The Branched Chain Amino Acids in Autism Spectrum Disorders .” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_992\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_992</a>.","apa":"Tarlungeanu, D.-C. (2018). <i>The branched chain amino acids in autism spectrum disorders </i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_992\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_992</a>","ama":"Tarlungeanu D-C. The branched chain amino acids in autism spectrum disorders . 2018. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_992\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_992</a>","short":"D.-C. Tarlungeanu, The Branched Chain Amino Acids in Autism Spectrum Disorders , Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018."},"department":[{"_id":"GaNo"}],"alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"user_id":"ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd","publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","degree_awarded":"PhD","oa_version":"Published Version","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:46:14Z","related_material":{"record":[{"id":"1183","relation":"part_of_dissertation","status":"public"}]},"project":[{"grant_number":"F03523","_id":"25473368-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"FWF","name":"Transmembrane Transporters in Health and Disease"}],"year":"2018","abstract":[{"text":"Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are a group of genetic disorders often overlapping with other neurological conditions. Despite the remarkable number of scientific breakthroughs of the last 100 years, the treatment of neurodevelopmental disorders (e.g. autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disability, epilepsy) remains a great challenge. Recent advancements in geno mics, like whole-exome or whole-genome sequencing, have enabled scientists to identify numerous mutations underlying neurodevelopmental disorders. Given the few hundred risk genes that were discovered, the etiological variability and the heterogeneous phenotypic outcomes, the need for genotype -along with phenotype- based diagnosis of individual patients becomes a requisite. Driven by this rationale, in a previous study our group described mutations, identified via whole - exome sequencing, in the gene BCKDK – encoding for a key regulator of branched chain amin o acid (BCAA) catabolism - as a cause of ASD. Following up on the role of BCAAs, in the study described here we show that the solute carrier transporter 7a5 (SLC7A5), a large neutral amino acid transporter localized mainly at the blood brain barrier (BBB), has an essential role in maintaining normal levels of brain BCAAs. In mice, deletion of Slc7a5 from the endothelial cells of the BBB leads to atypical brain amino acid profile, abnormal mRNA translation and severe neurolo gical abnormalities. Additionally, deletion of Slc7a5 from the neural progenitor cell population leads to microcephaly. Interestingly, we demonstrate that BCAA intracerebroventricular administration ameliorates abnormal behaviors in adult mutant mice. Furthermore, whole - exome sequencing of patients diagnosed with neurological dis o r ders helped us identify several patients with autistic traits, microcephaly and motor delay carrying deleterious homozygous mutations in the SLC7A5 gene. In conclusion, our data elucidate a neurological syndrome defined by SLC7A5 mutations and support an essential role for t he BCAA s in human bra in function. Together with r ecent studies (described in chapter two) that have successfully made the transition into clinical practice, our findings on the role of B CAAs might have a crucial impact on the development of novel individualized therapeutic strategies for ASD. ","lang":"eng"}],"publist_id":"7434","page":"88","author":[{"last_name":"Tarlungeanu","id":"2ABCE612-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Tarlungeanu, Dora-Clara","first_name":"Dora-Clara"}],"month":"03","ddc":["570","616"],"date_updated":"2026-04-08T14:15:20Z","publication_status":"published","title":"The branched chain amino acids in autism spectrum disorders ","status":"public","file":[{"date_updated":"2021-02-11T23:30:15Z","embargo_to":"open_access","date_created":"2019-04-05T09:19:17Z","file_size":43684035,"checksum":"9f5231c96e0ad945040841a8630232da","file_name":"2018_Thesis_Tarlungeanu_source.docx","content_type":"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document","access_level":"closed","relation":"source_file","creator":"dernst","file_id":"6217"},{"file_size":30511532,"checksum":"0c33c370aa2010df5c552db57a6d01e9","date_updated":"2021-02-11T11:17:16Z","date_created":"2019-04-05T09:19:17Z","file_id":"6218","creator":"dernst","file_name":"2018_Thesis_Tarlungeanu.pdf","relation":"main_file","embargo":"2018-03-15","access_level":"open_access","content_type":"application/pdf"}],"_id":"395","language":[{"iso":"eng"}]},{"day":"01","OA_place":"publisher","date_published":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","degree_awarded":"PhD","alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"department":[{"_id":"EvBe"}],"user_id":"ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd","citation":{"short":"A. Hurny, Identification and Characterization of Novel Auxin-Cytokinin Cross-Talk Components, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.","ama":"Hurny A. Identification and characterization of novel auxin-cytokinin cross-talk components. 2018. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_930\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_930</a>","apa":"Hurny, A. (2018). <i>Identification and characterization of novel auxin-cytokinin cross-talk components</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_930\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_930</a>","chicago":"Hurny, Andrej. “Identification and Characterization of Novel Auxin-Cytokinin Cross-Talk Components.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_930\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_930</a>.","ieee":"A. Hurny, “Identification and characterization of novel auxin-cytokinin cross-talk components,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.","ista":"Hurny A. 2018. Identification and characterization of novel auxin-cytokinin cross-talk components. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","mla":"Hurny, Andrej. <i>Identification and Characterization of Novel Auxin-Cytokinin Cross-Talk Components</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_930\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_930</a>."},"publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","article_processing_charge":"No","pubrep_id":"930","supervisor":[{"last_name":"Benková","id":"38F4F166-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Benková, Eva","orcid":"0000-0002-8510-9739","first_name":"Eva"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["2663-337X"]},"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"has_accepted_license":"1","corr_author":"1","file_date_updated":"2020-12-02T23:30:08Z","type":"dissertation","doi":"10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_930","oa":1,"date_updated":"2026-04-08T14:13:30Z","publication_status":"published","ddc":["570"],"author":[{"last_name":"Hurny","id":"4DC4AF46-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0003-3638-1426","first_name":"Andrej","full_name":"Hurny, Andrej"}],"month":"01","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"539","title":"Identification and characterization of novel auxin-cytokinin cross-talk components","file":[{"file_size":28112114,"checksum":"0c9d6d1c80d9857e6e545213467bbcb2","embargo_to":"open_access","date_created":"2019-04-05T09:37:56Z","date_updated":"2020-12-02T23:30:08Z","creator":"dernst","file_id":"6226","access_level":"closed","content_type":"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document","relation":"source_file","file_name":"2018_Hurny_thesis_source.docx"},{"file_size":12524427,"checksum":"ecbe481a1413d270bd501b872c7ed54f","date_updated":"2020-12-02T09:52:16Z","date_created":"2019-04-05T09:37:55Z","file_id":"6227","creator":"dernst","file_name":"2018_Hurny_thesis.pdf","relation":"main_file","embargo":"2019-07-10","content_type":"application/pdf","access_level":"open_access"}],"status":"public","related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","id":"1024","relation":"part_of_dissertation"}]},"date_created":"2018-12-11T11:47:03Z","oa_version":"Published Version","publist_id":"7277","page":"147","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The whole life cycle of plants as well as their responses to environmental stimuli is governed by a complex network of hormonal regulations. A number of studies have demonstrated an essential role of both auxin and cytokinin in the regulation of many aspects of plant growth and development including embryogenesis, postembryonic organogenic processes such as root, and shoot branching, root and shoot apical meristem activity and phyllotaxis. Over the last decades essential knowledge on the key molecular factors and pathways that spatio-temporally define auxin and cytokinin activities in the plant body has accumulated. However, how both hormonal pathways are interconnected by a complex network of interactions and feedback circuits that determines the final outcome of the individual hormone actions is still largely unknown. Root system architecture establishment and in particular formation of lateral organs is prime example of developmental process at whose regulation both auxin and cytokinin pathways converge. To dissect convergence points and pathways that tightly balance auxin - cytokinin antagonistic activities that determine the root branching pattern transcriptome profiling was applied. Genome wide expression analyses of the xylem pole pericycle, a tissue giving rise to lateral roots, led to identification of genes that are highly responsive to combinatorial auxin and cytokinin treatments and play an essential function in the auxin-cytokinin regulated root branching. SYNERGISTIC AUXIN CYTOKININ 1 (SYAC1) gene, which encodes for a protein of unknown function, was detected among the top candidate genes of which expression was synergistically up-regulated by simultaneous hormonal treatment. Plants with modulated SYAC1 activity exhibit severe defects in the root system establishment and attenuate developmental responses to both auxin and cytokinin. To explore the biological function of the SYAC1, we employed different strategies including expression pattern analysis, subcellular localization and phenotypic analyses of the syac1 loss-of-function and gain-of-function transgenic lines along with the identification of the SYAC1 interaction partners. Detailed functional characterization revealed that SYAC1 acts as a developmentally specific regulator of the secretory pathway to control deposition of cell wall components and thereby rapidly fine tune elongation growth."}],"year":"2018"}]