---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: hybrid
_id: '22564'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "It is well known that cities increase air and surface temperatures compared
    to their rural surroundings, the so-called urban heat island (UHI) effect. However,
    the associated changes in atmospheric humidity (also known as urban dry island,
    UDI) and convection triggering remain largely unexplored and it is still unclear
    how urban modifications of the surface energy budget Influence the diurnal evolution
    of temperature and humidity in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer\r\n(ABL) and ultimately
    control the initiation of convective clouds.\r\nHere we quantify the impact of
    different urban settings and free atmospheric conditions on\r\nUHI, UDI, and convection
    triggers by means of a zero-order model of the ABL. Specifically, we\r\nderive
    an approximate solution for urban-rural changes in surface energy fluxes and ABL
    potential\r\ntemperature and humidity and we investigate the crossing between
    the ABL height and the lifting\r\ncondensation level (LCL) which is a proxy for
    the triggering of convective clouds. We show that\r\nurban areas are generally
    warmer and drier, thus causing an increase in both ABL and LCL\r\nheights. However,
    the response of the ABL-LCL crossing to surface conditions is non-linear and\r\nthere
    exists a range of free atmosphere conditions for which changes in imperviousness
    can\r\nimpact convective clouds."
article_number: '101346'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Clinton T.F.
  full_name: Chiu, Clinton T.F.
  last_name: Chiu
- first_name: Kai
  full_name: Wang, Kai
  last_name: Wang
- first_name: Athanasios
  full_name: Paschalis, Athanasios
  last_name: Paschalis
- first_name: Tohid
  full_name: Erfani, Tohid
  last_name: Erfani
- first_name: Nadav
  full_name: Peleg, Nadav
  last_name: Peleg
- first_name: Simone
  full_name: Fatichi, Simone
  id: cf8e546b-a9b0-11f0-a43b-aa89ed1b56d6
  last_name: Fatichi
- first_name: Natalie
  full_name: Theeuwes, Natalie
  last_name: Theeuwes
- first_name: Gabriele
  full_name: Manoli, Gabriele
  last_name: Manoli
citation:
  ama: Chiu CTF, Wang K, Paschalis A, et al. An analytical approximation of urban
    heat and dry islands and their impact on convection triggering. <i>Urban Climate</i>.
    2022;46. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2022.101346">10.1016/j.uclim.2022.101346</a>
  apa: Chiu, C. T. F., Wang, K., Paschalis, A., Erfani, T., Peleg, N., Fatichi, S.,
    … Manoli, G. (2022). An analytical approximation of urban heat and dry islands
    and their impact on convection triggering. <i>Urban Climate</i>. Elsevier. <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2022.101346">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2022.101346</a>
  chicago: Chiu, Clinton T.F., Kai Wang, Athanasios Paschalis, Tohid Erfani, Nadav
    Peleg, Simone Fatichi, Natalie Theeuwes, and Gabriele Manoli. “An Analytical Approximation
    of Urban Heat and Dry Islands and Their Impact on Convection Triggering.” <i>Urban
    Climate</i>. Elsevier, 2022. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2022.101346">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2022.101346</a>.
  ieee: C. T. F. Chiu <i>et al.</i>, “An analytical approximation of urban heat and
    dry islands and their impact on convection triggering,” <i>Urban Climate</i>,
    vol. 46. Elsevier, 2022.
  ista: Chiu CTF, Wang K, Paschalis A, Erfani T, Peleg N, Fatichi S, Theeuwes N, Manoli
    G. 2022. An analytical approximation of urban heat and dry islands and their impact
    on convection triggering. Urban Climate. 46, 101346.
  mla: Chiu, Clinton T. F., et al. “An Analytical Approximation of Urban Heat and
    Dry Islands and Their Impact on Convection Triggering.” <i>Urban Climate</i>,
    vol. 46, 101346, Elsevier, 2022, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2022.101346">10.1016/j.uclim.2022.101346</a>.
  short: C.T.F. Chiu, K. Wang, A. Paschalis, T. Erfani, N. Peleg, S. Fatichi, N. Theeuwes,
    G. Manoli, Urban Climate 46 (2022).
das_tickbox: '1'
date_created: 2026-07-27T12:30:24Z
date_published: 2022-12-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-08-06T14:03:31Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1016/j.uclim.2022.101346
extern: '1'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2022.101346
intvolume: '        46'
keyword:
- Urban heat island
- Urban dry island
- Boundary layer
- Convective clouds
- Analytical model
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2022.101346
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Urban Climate
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 2212-0955
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: An analytical approximation of urban heat and dry islands and their impact
  on convection triggering
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd
volume: 46
year: '2022'
...