---
_id: '12199'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The four microsporangia of the flowering plant anther develop from archesporial
    cells in the L2 of the primordium. Within each microsporangium, developing microsporocytes
    are surrounded by concentric monolayers of tapetal, middle layer and endothecial
    cells. How this intricate array of tissues, each containing relatively few cells,
    is established in an organ possessing no formal meristems is poorly understood.
    We describe here the pivotal role of the LRR receptor kinase EXCESS MICROSPOROCYTES
    1 (EMS1) in forming the monolayer of tapetal nurse cells in Arabidopsis. Unusually
    for plants, tapetal cells are specified very early in development, and are subsequently
    stimulated to proliferate by a receptor-like kinase (RLK) complex that includes
    EMS1. Mutations in members of this EMS1 signalling complex and its putative ligand
    result in male-sterile plants in which tapetal initials fail to proliferate. Surprisingly,
    these cells continue to develop, isolated at the locular periphery. Mutant and
    wild-type microsporangia expand at similar rates and the ‘tapetal’ space at the
    periphery of mutant locules becomes occupied by microsporocytes. However, induction
    of late expression of EMS1 in the few tapetal initials in ems1 plants results
    in their proliferation to generate a functional tapetum, and this proliferation
    suppresses microsporocyte number. Our experiments also show that integrity of
    the tapetal monolayer is crucial for the maintenance of the polarity of divisions
    within it. This unexpected autonomy of the tapetal ‘lineage’ is discussed in the
    context of tissue development in complex plant organs, where constancy in size,
    shape and cell number is crucial.
acknowledgement: 'We thank the following for providing mutant lines and reagents:
  Hong Ma, De Ye, Sacco De Vries, and Rod Scott for providing the pA9::Barnase lines
  and information on A9 expression patterns. Carla Galinha and Paolo Piazza gave valuable
  help with in situ hybridisation and qRT-PCR, respectively, and we acknowledge Qing
  Zhang, Helen Prescott and Matthew Dicks for providing excellent technical assistance.
  We are indebted to Miltos Tsiantis and Angela Hay for helpful discussion, and the
  research was funded by Oxford University through a Clarendon Scholarship to X.F.,
  with additional financial support from Magdalen College (Oxford).'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Xiaoqi
  full_name: Feng, Xiaoqi
  id: e0164712-22ee-11ed-b12a-d80fcdf35958
  last_name: Feng
  orcid: 0000-0002-4008-1234
- first_name: Hugh G.
  full_name: Dickinson, Hugh G.
  last_name: Dickinson
citation:
  ama: Feng X, Dickinson HG. Tapetal cell fate, lineage and proliferation in the Arabidopsis
    anther. <i>Development</i>. 2010;137(14):2409-2416. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.049320">10.1242/dev.049320</a>
  apa: Feng, X., &#38; Dickinson, H. G. (2010). Tapetal cell fate, lineage and proliferation
    in the Arabidopsis anther. <i>Development</i>. The Company of Biologists. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.049320">https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.049320</a>
  chicago: Feng, Xiaoqi, and Hugh G. Dickinson. “Tapetal Cell Fate, Lineage and Proliferation
    in the Arabidopsis Anther.” <i>Development</i>. The Company of Biologists, 2010.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.049320">https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.049320</a>.
  ieee: X. Feng and H. G. Dickinson, “Tapetal cell fate, lineage and proliferation
    in the Arabidopsis anther,” <i>Development</i>, vol. 137, no. 14. The Company
    of Biologists, pp. 2409–2416, 2010.
  ista: Feng X, Dickinson HG. 2010. Tapetal cell fate, lineage and proliferation in
    the Arabidopsis anther. Development. 137(14), 2409–2416.
  mla: Feng, Xiaoqi, and Hugh G. Dickinson. “Tapetal Cell Fate, Lineage and Proliferation
    in the Arabidopsis Anther.” <i>Development</i>, vol. 137, no. 14, The Company
    of Biologists, 2010, pp. 2409–16, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.049320">10.1242/dev.049320</a>.
  short: X. Feng, H.G. Dickinson, Development 137 (2010) 2409–2416.
date_created: 2023-01-16T09:21:54Z
date_published: 2010-07-15T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-05-08T10:57:11Z
day: '15'
department:
- _id: XiFe
doi: 10.1242/dev.049320
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '20570940'
intvolume: '       137'
issue: '14'
keyword:
- Developmental Biology
- Molecular Biology
- Anther Tapetum
- Arabidopsis
- Cell Fate Establishment
- EMS1
- Reproductive Cell Lineage
language:
- iso: eng
month: '07'
oa_version: None
page: 2409-2416
pmid: 1
publication: Development
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1477-9129
  - 0950-1991
publication_status: published
publisher: The Company of Biologists
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Tapetal cell fate, lineage and proliferation in the Arabidopsis anther
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 137
year: '2010'
...
---
_id: '12200'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Key steps in the evolution of the angiosperm anther include the patterning
    of the concentrically organized microsporangium and the incorporation of four
    such microsporangia into a leaf-like structure. Mutant studies in the model plant
    Arabidopsis thaliana are leading to an increasingly accurate picture of (i) the
    cell lineages culminating in the different cell types present in the microsporangium
    (the microsporocytes, the tapetum, and the middle and endothecial layers), and
    (ii) some of the genes responsible for specifying their fates. However, the processes
    that confer polarity on the developing anther and position the microsporangia
    within it remain unclear. Certainly, data from a range of experimental strategies
    suggest that hormones play a central role in establishing polarity and the patterning
    of the anther initial, and may be responsible for locating the microsporangia.
    But the fact that microsporangia were originally positioned externally suggests
    that their development is likely to be autonomous, perhaps with the reproductive
    cells generating signals controlling the growth and division of the investing
    anther epidermis. These possibilities are discussed in the context of the expression
    of genes which initiate and maintain male and female reproductive development,
    and in the perspective of our current views of anther evolution.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Xiaoqi
  full_name: Feng, Xiaoqi
  id: e0164712-22ee-11ed-b12a-d80fcdf35958
  last_name: Feng
  orcid: 0000-0002-4008-1234
- first_name: Hugh G.
  full_name: Dickinson, Hugh G.
  last_name: Dickinson
citation:
  ama: Feng X, Dickinson HG. Cell–cell interactions during patterning of the <i>Arabidopsis</i>
    anther. <i>Biochemical Society Transactions</i>. 2010;38(2):571-576. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0380571">10.1042/bst0380571</a>
  apa: Feng, X., &#38; Dickinson, H. G. (2010). Cell–cell interactions during patterning
    of the <i>Arabidopsis</i> anther. <i>Biochemical Society Transactions</i>. Portland
    Press Ltd. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0380571">https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0380571</a>
  chicago: Feng, Xiaoqi, and Hugh G. Dickinson. “Cell–Cell Interactions during Patterning
    of the <i>Arabidopsis</i> Anther.” <i>Biochemical Society Transactions</i>. Portland
    Press Ltd., 2010. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0380571">https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0380571</a>.
  ieee: X. Feng and H. G. Dickinson, “Cell–cell interactions during patterning of
    the <i>Arabidopsis</i> anther,” <i>Biochemical Society Transactions</i>, vol.
    38, no. 2. Portland Press Ltd., pp. 571–576, 2010.
  ista: Feng X, Dickinson HG. 2010. Cell–cell interactions during patterning of the
    <i>Arabidopsis</i> anther. Biochemical Society Transactions. 38(2), 571–576.
  mla: Feng, Xiaoqi, and Hugh G. Dickinson. “Cell–Cell Interactions during Patterning
    of the <i>Arabidopsis</i> Anther.” <i>Biochemical Society Transactions</i>, vol.
    38, no. 2, Portland Press Ltd., 2010, pp. 571–76, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0380571">10.1042/bst0380571</a>.
  short: X. Feng, H.G. Dickinson, Biochemical Society Transactions 38 (2010) 571–576.
date_created: 2023-01-16T09:22:18Z
date_published: 2010-03-22T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-05-08T10:57:59Z
day: '22'
department:
- _id: XiFe
doi: 10.1042/bst0380571
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '20298223'
intvolume: '        38'
issue: '2'
keyword:
- Biochemistry
- Anther Development
- Arabidopsis
- Cell Fate
- Microsporangium
- Polarity
- Receptor Kinase
language:
- iso: eng
month: '03'
oa_version: None
page: 571-576
pmid: 1
publication: Biochemical Society Transactions
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0300-5127
  - 1470-8752
publication_status: published
publisher: Portland Press Ltd.
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Cell–cell interactions during patterning of the <i>Arabidopsis</i> anther
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 38
year: '2010'
...