---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: hybrid
_id: '21521'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Fast-emitting scintillators are essential for advanced diagnostic techniques,
    yet many suffer from low radiation attenuation. This trade-off is particularly
    pronounced in polymer scintillators, which, despite their fast emission, exhibit
    low density and low atomic numbers, limiting the radiation attenuation factor,
    resulting in low detection efficiency. Here, we overcome this limitation by creating
    a heterostructure scintillator of alternating nanometric layers, combining fast
    light-emitting polymer scintillator layers and transparent stopping layers with
    a high radiation attenuation factor. The nanolayer thicknesses are tuned to optimize
    the penetration depth of recoil electrons in active emissive layers, maximizing
    the conversion of X-rays to visible light. This design increases light output
    by up to 1.5 times and enhances imaging resolution by a factor of 2 compared to
    homogeneous polymer scintillators due to the ability to use thinner samples. These
    results demonstrate the potential of heterostructure scintillators as next-generation
    detector materials, overcoming the limitations of homogeneous scintillators.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: letter_note
author:
- first_name: Orr
  full_name: Be’er, Orr
  last_name: Be’er
- first_name: Avner
  full_name: Shultzman, Avner
  last_name: Shultzman
- first_name: Rotem
  full_name: Strassberg, Rotem
  last_name: Strassberg
- first_name: Georgy
  full_name: Dosovitskiy, Georgy
  last_name: Dosovitskiy
- first_name: Noam
  full_name: Veber, Noam
  last_name: Veber
- first_name: Roman
  full_name: Schuetz, Roman
  last_name: Schuetz
- first_name: Charles
  full_name: Roques-Carmes, Charles
  id: e2e68fc9-6505-11ef-a541-eb4e72cc3e82
  last_name: Roques-Carmes
- first_name: Ido
  full_name: Kaminer, Ido
  last_name: Kaminer
- first_name: Yehonadav
  full_name: Bekenstein, Yehonadav
  last_name: Bekenstein
citation:
  ama: Be’er O, Shultzman A, Strassberg R, et al. Heterostructure nanoscintillator
    for matching radiation absorbing layers with fast light-emitting layers. <i>Nano
    Letters</i>. 2025;25(9):3422-3429. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c05353">10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c05353</a>
  apa: Be’er, O., Shultzman, A., Strassberg, R., Dosovitskiy, G., Veber, N., Schuetz,
    R., … Bekenstein, Y. (2025). Heterostructure nanoscintillator for matching radiation
    absorbing layers with fast light-emitting layers. <i>Nano Letters</i>. American
    Chemical Society. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c05353">https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c05353</a>
  chicago: Be’er, Orr, Avner Shultzman, Rotem Strassberg, Georgy Dosovitskiy, Noam
    Veber, Roman Schuetz, Charles Roques-Carmes, Ido Kaminer, and Yehonadav Bekenstein.
    “Heterostructure Nanoscintillator for Matching Radiation Absorbing Layers with
    Fast Light-Emitting Layers.” <i>Nano Letters</i>. American Chemical Society, 2025.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c05353">https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c05353</a>.
  ieee: O. Be’er <i>et al.</i>, “Heterostructure nanoscintillator for matching radiation
    absorbing layers with fast light-emitting layers,” <i>Nano Letters</i>, vol. 25,
    no. 9. American Chemical Society, pp. 3422–3429, 2025.
  ista: Be’er O, Shultzman A, Strassberg R, Dosovitskiy G, Veber N, Schuetz R, Roques-Carmes
    C, Kaminer I, Bekenstein Y. 2025. Heterostructure nanoscintillator for matching
    radiation absorbing layers with fast light-emitting layers. Nano Letters. 25(9),
    3422–3429.
  mla: Be’er, Orr, et al. “Heterostructure Nanoscintillator for Matching Radiation
    Absorbing Layers with Fast Light-Emitting Layers.” <i>Nano Letters</i>, vol. 25,
    no. 9, American Chemical Society, 2025, pp. 3422–29, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c05353">10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c05353</a>.
  short: O. Be’er, A. Shultzman, R. Strassberg, G. Dosovitskiy, N. Veber, R. Schuetz,
    C. Roques-Carmes, I. Kaminer, Y. Bekenstein, Nano Letters 25 (2025) 3422–3429.
date_created: 2026-03-30T12:22:47Z
date_published: 2025-02-19T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-04-27T10:05:22Z
day: '19'
ddc:
- '530'
doi: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c05353
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '39969821'
intvolume: '        25'
issue: '9'
keyword:
- Scintillator
- Heterostructure
- Thin film
- X-ray imaging
- X-ray detector
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c05353
month: '02'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 3422-3429
pmid: 1
publication: Nano Letters
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1530-6992
  issn:
  - 1530-6984
publication_status: published
publisher: American Chemical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Heterostructure nanoscintillator for matching radiation absorbing layers with
  fast light-emitting layers
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 25
year: '2025'
...
---
OA_place: repository
OA_type: green
_id: '21524'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: In X-ray tubes, more than 99% of the kilowatts of power supplied to generate
    X-rays via bremsstrahlung is lost as heat in the anode. Therefore, thermal management
    is a critical barrier to the development of more powerful X-ray tubes with higher
    brightness and spatial coherence, which are needed to translate imaging modalities
    such as phase-contrast imaging to the clinic. In rotating anode X-ray tubes, the
    most common design, thermal radiation is a bottleneck that prevents efficient
    cooling of the anode─the hottest part of the device by far. We predict that nanophotonic
    patterning of the anode of an X-ray tube enhances heat dissipation via thermal
    radiation, enabling it to operate at higher powers without an increase in temperature.
    The focal spot size, which is related to the spatial coherence of generated X-rays,
    can also be reduced at a constant temperature. A major advantage of our “nanophotonic
    thermal management” approach is that in principle, it allows complete control
    over the spectrum and direction of thermal radiation, which can lead to optimal
    thermal routing and improved performance.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Simo
  full_name: Pajovic, Simo
  last_name: Pajovic
- first_name: Charles
  full_name: Roques-Carmes, Charles
  id: e2e68fc9-6505-11ef-a541-eb4e72cc3e82
  last_name: Roques-Carmes
- first_name: Seou
  full_name: Choi, Seou
  last_name: Choi
- first_name: Steven E.
  full_name: Kooi, Steven E.
  last_name: Kooi
- first_name: Rajiv
  full_name: Gupta, Rajiv
  last_name: Gupta
- first_name: Michael E.
  full_name: Zalis, Michael E.
  last_name: Zalis
- first_name: Ivan
  full_name: Čelanović, Ivan
  last_name: Čelanović
- first_name: Marin
  full_name: Soljačić, Marin
  last_name: Soljačić
citation:
  ama: Pajovic S, Roques-Carmes C, Choi S, et al. Nanophotonic thermal management
    in X-ray tubes. <i>ACS Nano</i>. 2025;19(35):31363-31370. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5c05186">10.1021/acsnano.5c05186</a>
  apa: Pajovic, S., Roques-Carmes, C., Choi, S., Kooi, S. E., Gupta, R., Zalis, M.
    E., … Soljačić, M. (2025). Nanophotonic thermal management in X-ray tubes. <i>ACS
    Nano</i>. American Chemical Society. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5c05186">https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5c05186</a>
  chicago: Pajovic, Simo, Charles Roques-Carmes, Seou Choi, Steven E. Kooi, Rajiv
    Gupta, Michael E. Zalis, Ivan Čelanović, and Marin Soljačić. “Nanophotonic Thermal
    Management in X-Ray Tubes.” <i>ACS Nano</i>. American Chemical Society, 2025.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5c05186">https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5c05186</a>.
  ieee: S. Pajovic <i>et al.</i>, “Nanophotonic thermal management in X-ray tubes,”
    <i>ACS Nano</i>, vol. 19, no. 35. American Chemical Society, pp. 31363–31370,
    2025.
  ista: Pajovic S, Roques-Carmes C, Choi S, Kooi SE, Gupta R, Zalis ME, Čelanović
    I, Soljačić M. 2025. Nanophotonic thermal management in X-ray tubes. ACS Nano.
    19(35), 31363–31370.
  mla: Pajovic, Simo, et al. “Nanophotonic Thermal Management in X-Ray Tubes.” <i>ACS
    Nano</i>, vol. 19, no. 35, American Chemical Society, 2025, pp. 31363–70, doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5c05186">10.1021/acsnano.5c05186</a>.
  short: S. Pajovic, C. Roques-Carmes, S. Choi, S.E. Kooi, R. Gupta, M.E. Zalis, I.
    Čelanović, M. Soljačić, ACS Nano 19 (2025) 31363–31370.
date_created: 2026-03-30T12:22:47Z
date_published: 2025-08-26T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-04-27T08:56:39Z
day: '26'
doi: 10.1021/acsnano.5c05186
extern: '1'
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '2503.20946'
intvolume: '        19'
issue: '35'
keyword:
- X-ray tubes
- thermal management
- nanophotonics
- thermal radiation
- X-ray imaging
- high-temperature
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2503.20946
month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 31363-31370
publication: ACS Nano
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1936-086X
  issn:
  - 1936-0851
publication_status: published
publisher: American Chemical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Nanophotonic thermal management in X-ray tubes
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 19
year: '2025'
...