@article{22145,
  abstract     = {An in-operando electro-intercalation method for the on-chip synthesis of alkali-metal-intercalated materials and their Raman spectroscopic and transport characterization in ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) is developed. We apply this method to synthesize fulleride superconductors via Rb+ intercalation into a C60 film. During the intercalation, we monitor the stoichiometry via UHV-Raman spectroscopy and probe superconductivity via transport measurements. An increase of the superconducting transition temperature from 7.0 K to 14.5 K is observed when the stoichiometry is tuned from Rb2.7C60 to Rb3C60. In our experiment, an ionic Rb+ flux into the host material is induced by an applied electronic current via a Butler–Volmer-type mechanism. Electro-intercalation captivates through improved stoichiometric precision, the ability to smoothly vary stoichiometry via duration of current application, and the absence of a lower limit of the volume of the host material. It represents a powerful concept for the on-chip synthesis of intercalated materials, battery research, and beyond.},
  author       = {Shchukin, Konstantin P. and Gallego Lacey, Oliver N. and Coquinot, Baptiste and Jakowski, Jacek and Huang, Jingsong and Staudenmayer, Patrik and Falke, Yannic and Pandeya, Ram Prakash and Grüneis, Alexander},
  issn         = {1936-086X},
  journal      = {ACS Nano},
  keywords     = {fulleride, intercalation, alkali metal, superconductivity, Raman},
  number       = {24},
  pages        = {17360--17372},
  publisher    = {American Chemical Society},
  title        = {{On-chip tuning of superconductivity in fullerides via current-driven Rb+ intercalation}},
  doi          = {10.1021/acsnano.6c02466},
  volume       = {20},
  year         = {2026},
}