---
_id: '12138'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'Complex I is the first enzyme in the respiratory chain, which is responsible
    for energy production in mitochondria and bacteria1. Complex I couples the transfer
    of two electrons from NADH to quinone and the translocation of four protons across
    the membrane2, but the coupling mechanism remains contentious. Here we present
    cryo-electron microscopy structures of Escherichia coli complex I (EcCI) in different
    redox states, including catalytic turnover. EcCI exists mostly in the open state,
    in which the quinone cavity is exposed to the cytosol, allowing access for water
    molecules, which enable quinone movements. Unlike the mammalian paralogues3, EcCI
    can convert to the closed state only during turnover, showing that closed and
    open states are genuine turnover intermediates. The open-to-closed transition
    results in the tightly engulfed quinone cavity being connected to the central
    axis of the membrane arm, a source of substrate protons. Consistently, the proportion
    of the closed state increases with increasing pH. We propose a detailed but straightforward
    and robust mechanism comprising a ‘domino effect’ series of proton transfers and
    electrostatic interactions: the forward wave (‘dominoes stacking’) primes the
    pump, and the reverse wave (‘dominoes falling’) results in the ejection of all
    pumped protons from the distal subunit NuoL. This mechanism explains why protons
    exit exclusively from the NuoL subunit and is supported by our mutagenesis data.
    We contend that this is a universal coupling mechanism of complex I and related
    enzymes.'
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: EM-Fac
- _id: LifeSc
- _id: ScienComp
acknowledgement: This research was supported by the Scientific Service Units (SSU)
  of IST Austria through resources provided by the Electron Microscopy Facility (EMF),
  the Life Science Facility (LSF) and the IST high-performance computing cluster.
  We thank V.-V. Hodirnau from IST Austria EMF, M. Babiak from CEITEC for assistance
  with collecting cryo-EM data and A. Charnagalov for the assistance with protein
  purification. V.K. was a recipient of a DOC Fellowship of the Austrian Academy of
  Sciences at the Institute of Science and Technology, Austria. V.K. and O.P. are
  funded by the ERC Advanced Grant 101020697 RESPICHAIN to L.S. This work was also
  supported by the Medical Research Council (UK).
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Vladyslav
  full_name: Kravchuk, Vladyslav
  id: 4D62F2A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Kravchuk
  orcid: 0000-0001-9523-9089
- first_name: Olga
  full_name: Petrova, Olga
  id: 5D8C9660-5D49-11EA-8188-567B3DDC885E
  last_name: Petrova
- first_name: Domen
  full_name: Kampjut, Domen
  id: 37233050-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Kampjut
  orcid: 0000-0002-6018-3422
- first_name: Anna
  full_name: Wojciechowska-Bason, Anna
  last_name: Wojciechowska-Bason
- first_name: Zara
  full_name: Breese, Zara
  last_name: Breese
- first_name: Leonid A
  full_name: Sazanov, Leonid A
  id: 338D39FE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Sazanov
  orcid: 0000-0002-0977-7989
citation:
  ama: Kravchuk V, Petrova O, Kampjut D, Wojciechowska-Bason A, Breese Z, Sazanov
    LA. A universal coupling mechanism of respiratory complex I. <i>Nature</i>. 2022;609(7928):808-814.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05199-7">10.1038/s41586-022-05199-7</a>
  apa: Kravchuk, V., Petrova, O., Kampjut, D., Wojciechowska-Bason, A., Breese, Z.,
    &#38; Sazanov, L. A. (2022). A universal coupling mechanism of respiratory complex
    I. <i>Nature</i>. Springer Nature. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05199-7">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05199-7</a>
  chicago: Kravchuk, Vladyslav, Olga Petrova, Domen Kampjut, Anna Wojciechowska-Bason,
    Zara Breese, and Leonid A Sazanov. “A Universal Coupling Mechanism of Respiratory
    Complex I.” <i>Nature</i>. Springer Nature, 2022. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05199-7">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05199-7</a>.
  ieee: V. Kravchuk, O. Petrova, D. Kampjut, A. Wojciechowska-Bason, Z. Breese, and
    L. A. Sazanov, “A universal coupling mechanism of respiratory complex I,” <i>Nature</i>,
    vol. 609, no. 7928. Springer Nature, pp. 808–814, 2022.
  ista: Kravchuk V, Petrova O, Kampjut D, Wojciechowska-Bason A, Breese Z, Sazanov
    LA. 2022. A universal coupling mechanism of respiratory complex I. Nature. 609(7928),
    808–814.
  mla: Kravchuk, Vladyslav, et al. “A Universal Coupling Mechanism of Respiratory
    Complex I.” <i>Nature</i>, vol. 609, no. 7928, Springer Nature, 2022, pp. 808–14,
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05199-7">10.1038/s41586-022-05199-7</a>.
  short: V. Kravchuk, O. Petrova, D. Kampjut, A. Wojciechowska-Bason, Z. Breese, L.A.
    Sazanov, Nature 609 (2022) 808–814.
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2023-01-12T12:04:33Z
date_published: 2022-09-22T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-10-26T23:30:09Z
day: '22'
ddc:
- '572'
department:
- _id: LeSa
doi: 10.1038/s41586-022-05199-7
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000854788200001'
  pmid:
  - '36104567'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: d42a93e24f59e883ef0b5429832391d0
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: lsazanov
  date_created: 2023-05-30T17:05:31Z
  date_updated: 2023-05-30T17:05:31Z
  file_id: '13104'
  file_name: EcCxI_manuscript_rev3_noSI_updated_withFigs_opt.pdf
  file_size: 1425655
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: 5422bc0a73b3daadafa262c7ea6deae3
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: lsazanov
  date_created: 2023-05-30T17:07:05Z
  date_updated: 2023-05-30T17:07:05Z
  file_id: '13105'
  file_name: EcCxI_manuscript_rev3_SI_All_opt_upd.pdf
  file_size: 9842513
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2023-05-30T17:07:05Z
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05199-7
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '       609'
isi: 1
issue: '7928'
keyword:
- Multidisciplinary
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Submitted Version
page: 808-814
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 238A0A5A-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E
  grant_number: '25541'
  name: 'Structural characterization of E. coli complex I: an important mechanistic
    model'
- _id: 627abdeb-2b32-11ec-9570-ec31a97243d3
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '101020697'
  name: Structure and mechanism of respiratory chain molecular machines
publication: Nature
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1476-4687
  issn:
  - 0028-0836
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
  link:
  - relation: erratum
    url: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05457-8
  - description: News on ISTA website
    relation: press_release
    url: https://ista.ac.at/en/news/proton-dominos-kick-off-life/
  record:
  - id: '12781'
    relation: dissertation_contains
    status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: A universal coupling mechanism of respiratory complex I
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 609
year: '2022'
...
---
OA_place: repository
OA_type: green
_id: '12187'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Genomes of germ cells present an existential vulnerability to organisms because
    germ cell mutations will propagate to future generations. Transposable elements
    are one source of such mutations. In the small flowering plant Arabidopsis, Long
    et al. found that genome methylation in the male germline is directed by small
    interfering RNAs (siRNAs) imperfectly transcribed from transposons (see the Perspective
    by Mosher). These germline siRNAs silence germline transposons and establish inherited
    methylation patterns in sperm, thus maintaining the integrity of the plant genome
    across generations.
acknowledgement: 'We thank the John Innes Centre Bioimaging Facility (S. Lopez, E.
  Wegel, and K. Findlay) for their assistance with microscopy and the Norwich BioScience
  Institute Partnership Computing Infrastructure for Science Group for high-performance
  computing resources. Funding: This work was funded by a European Research Council
  Starting Grant (“SexMeth” 804981; J.L., J.W., and X.F.), a Sainsbury Charitable
  Foundation studentship (J.W.), two Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research
  Council (BBSRC) grants (BBS0096201 and BBP0135111; W.S., M.V., and X.F.), two John
  Innes Foundation studentships (B.A. and S.D.), and a BBSRC David Phillips Fellowship
  (BBL0250431; H.G. and X.F.). Author contributions: J.L., J.W., and X.F. designed
  the study and wrote the manuscript; J.L., W.S., B.A., H.G., and S.D. performed the
  experiments; and J.L., J.W., B.A., H.G., S.D., M.V., and X.F. analyzed the data.
  Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Data and material
  availability: All sequencing data have been deposited in the Gene Expression Omnibus
  (GEO) under accession no. GSE161625. Accession nos. of published datasets used in
  this study are listed in table S6. Published software used in this study include
  Bowtie v1.2.2 (https://doi.org/10.1002/0471250953.bi1107s32), Bismark v0.22.2 (https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btr167),
  Kallisto v0.43.0 (https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt0816-888d), Shortstack v3.8.5 (https://doi.org/10.1534/g3.116.030452),
  and Cutadapt v1.15 (https://doi.org/10.1089/cmb.2017.0096). TrimGalore v0.4.1 and
  MarkDuplicates v1.141 are available from https://github.com/FelixKrueger/TrimGalore
  and https://github.com/broadinstitute/picard, respectively. All remaining data are
  in the main paper or the supplementary materials.'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Jincheng
  full_name: Long, Jincheng
  last_name: Long
- first_name: James
  full_name: Walker, James
  last_name: Walker
- first_name: Wenjing
  full_name: She, Wenjing
  last_name: She
- first_name: Billy
  full_name: Aldridge, Billy
  last_name: Aldridge
- first_name: Hongbo
  full_name: Gao, Hongbo
  last_name: Gao
- first_name: Samuel
  full_name: Deans, Samuel
  last_name: Deans
- first_name: Martin
  full_name: Vickers, Martin
  last_name: Vickers
- first_name: Xiaoqi
  full_name: Feng, Xiaoqi
  id: e0164712-22ee-11ed-b12a-d80fcdf35958
  last_name: Feng
  orcid: 0000-0002-4008-1234
citation:
  ama: Long J, Walker J, She W, et al. Nurse cell-derived small RNAs define paternal
    epigenetic inheritance in Arabidopsis. <i>Science</i>. 2021;373(6550). doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abh0556">10.1126/science.abh0556</a>
  apa: Long, J., Walker, J., She, W., Aldridge, B., Gao, H., Deans, S., … Feng, X.
    (2021). Nurse cell-derived small RNAs define paternal epigenetic inheritance in
    Arabidopsis. <i>Science</i>. American Association for the Advancement of Science.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abh0556">https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abh0556</a>
  chicago: Long, Jincheng, James Walker, Wenjing She, Billy Aldridge, Hongbo Gao,
    Samuel Deans, Martin Vickers, and Xiaoqi Feng. “Nurse Cell-Derived Small RNAs
    Define Paternal Epigenetic Inheritance in Arabidopsis.” <i>Science</i>. American
    Association for the Advancement of Science, 2021. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abh0556">https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abh0556</a>.
  ieee: J. Long <i>et al.</i>, “Nurse cell-derived small RNAs define paternal epigenetic
    inheritance in Arabidopsis,” <i>Science</i>, vol. 373, no. 6550. American Association
    for the Advancement of Science, 2021.
  ista: Long J, Walker J, She W, Aldridge B, Gao H, Deans S, Vickers M, Feng X. 2021.
    Nurse cell-derived small RNAs define paternal epigenetic inheritance in Arabidopsis.
    Science. 373(6550).
  mla: Long, Jincheng, et al. “Nurse Cell-Derived Small RNAs Define Paternal Epigenetic
    Inheritance in Arabidopsis.” <i>Science</i>, vol. 373, no. 6550, American Association
    for the Advancement of Science, 2021, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abh0556">10.1126/science.abh0556</a>.
  short: J. Long, J. Walker, W. She, B. Aldridge, H. Gao, S. Deans, M. Vickers, X.
    Feng, Science 373 (2021).
date_created: 2023-01-16T09:15:14Z
date_published: 2021-07-02T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-03-19T10:52:21Z
day: '02'
department:
- _id: XiFe
doi: 10.1126/science.abh0556
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '34210850'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abh0556
intvolume: '       373'
issue: '6550'
keyword:
- Multidisciplinary
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.01.25.428150
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
pmid: 1
publication: Science
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1095-9203
  issn:
  - 0036-8075
publication_status: published
publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Nurse cell-derived small RNAs define paternal epigenetic inheritance in Arabidopsis
type: journal_article
user_id: 3E5EF7F0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 373
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '12585'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Glaciers in High Mountain Asia generate meltwater that supports the water
    needs of 250 million people, but current knowledge of annual accumulation and
    ablation is limited to sparse field measurements biased in location and glacier
    size. Here, we present altitudinally-resolved specific mass balances (surface,
    internal, and basal combined) for 5527 glaciers in High Mountain Asia for 2000–2016,
    derived by correcting observed glacier thinning patterns for mass redistribution
    due to ice flow. We find that 41% of glaciers accumulated mass over less than
    20% of their area, and only 60% ± 10% of regional annual ablation was compensated
    by accumulation. Even without 21st century warming, 21% ± 1% of ice volume will
    be lost by 2100 due to current climatic-geometric imbalance, representing a reduction
    in glacier ablation into rivers of 28% ± 1%. The ablation of glaciers in the Himalayas
    and Tien Shan was mostly unsustainable and ice volume in these regions will reduce
    by at least 30% by 2100. The most important and vulnerable glacier-fed river basins
    (Amu Darya, Indus, Syr Darya, Tarim Interior) were supplied with >50% sustainable
    glacier ablation but will see long-term reductions in ice mass and glacier meltwater
    supply regardless of the Karakoram Anomaly.
article_number: '2868'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Evan
  full_name: Miles, Evan
  last_name: Miles
- first_name: Michael
  full_name: McCarthy, Michael
  last_name: McCarthy
- first_name: Amaury
  full_name: Dehecq, Amaury
  last_name: Dehecq
- first_name: Marin
  full_name: Kneib, Marin
  last_name: Kneib
- first_name: Stefan
  full_name: Fugger, Stefan
  last_name: Fugger
- first_name: Francesca
  full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca
  id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70
  last_name: Pellicciotti
citation:
  ama: Miles E, McCarthy M, Dehecq A, Kneib M, Fugger S, Pellicciotti F. Health and
    sustainability of glaciers in High Mountain Asia. <i>Nature Communications</i>.
    2021;12. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-23073-4">10.1038/s41467-021-23073-4</a>
  apa: Miles, E., McCarthy, M., Dehecq, A., Kneib, M., Fugger, S., &#38; Pellicciotti,
    F. (2021). Health and sustainability of glaciers in High Mountain Asia. <i>Nature
    Communications</i>. Springer Nature. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-23073-4">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-23073-4</a>
  chicago: Miles, Evan, Michael McCarthy, Amaury Dehecq, Marin Kneib, Stefan Fugger,
    and Francesca Pellicciotti. “Health and Sustainability of Glaciers in High Mountain
    Asia.” <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature, 2021. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-23073-4">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-23073-4</a>.
  ieee: E. Miles, M. McCarthy, A. Dehecq, M. Kneib, S. Fugger, and F. Pellicciotti,
    “Health and sustainability of glaciers in High Mountain Asia,” <i>Nature Communications</i>,
    vol. 12. Springer Nature, 2021.
  ista: Miles E, McCarthy M, Dehecq A, Kneib M, Fugger S, Pellicciotti F. 2021. Health
    and sustainability of glaciers in High Mountain Asia. Nature Communications. 12,
    2868.
  mla: Miles, Evan, et al. “Health and Sustainability of Glaciers in High Mountain
    Asia.” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 12, 2868, Springer Nature, 2021, doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-23073-4">10.1038/s41467-021-23073-4</a>.
  short: E. Miles, M. McCarthy, A. Dehecq, M. Kneib, S. Fugger, F. Pellicciotti, Nature
    Communications 12 (2021).
date_created: 2023-02-20T08:11:29Z
date_published: 2021-05-17T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-02-28T13:21:51Z
day: '17'
doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-23073-4
extern: '1'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-23073-4
intvolume: '        12'
keyword:
- General Physics and Astronomy
- General Biochemistry
- Genetics and Molecular Biology
- General Chemistry
- Multidisciplinary
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-23073-4
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Nature Communications
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2041-1723
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Health and sustainability of glaciers in High Mountain Asia
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 12
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '13995'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Shape resonances play a central role in many areas of science, but the real-time
    measurement of the associated many-body dynamics remains challenging. Here, we
    present measurements of recoil frame angle-resolved photoionization delays in
    the vicinity of shape resonances of CF4. This technique provides insights into
    the spatiotemporal photoionization dynamics of molecular shape resonances. We
    find delays of up to ∼600 as in the ionization out of the highest occupied molecular
    orbital (HOMO) with a strong dependence on the emission direction and a pronounced
    asymmetry along the dissociation axis. Comparison with quantum-scattering calculations
    traces the asymmetries to the interference of a small subset of partial waves
    at low kinetic energies and, additionally, to the interference of two overlapping
    shape resonances in the HOMO-1 channel. Our experimental and theoretical results
    establish a broadly applicable approach to space- and time-resolved photoionization
    dynamics in the molecular frame.
article_number: abj8121
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Saijoscha
  full_name: Heck, Saijoscha
  last_name: Heck
- first_name: Denitsa Rangelova
  full_name: Baykusheva, Denitsa Rangelova
  id: 71b4d059-2a03-11ee-914d-dfa3beed6530
  last_name: Baykusheva
- first_name: Meng
  full_name: Han, Meng
  last_name: Han
- first_name: Jia-Bao
  full_name: Ji, Jia-Bao
  last_name: Ji
- first_name: Conaill
  full_name: Perry, Conaill
  last_name: Perry
- first_name: Xiaochun
  full_name: Gong, Xiaochun
  last_name: Gong
- first_name: Hans Jakob
  full_name: Wörner, Hans Jakob
  last_name: Wörner
citation:
  ama: Heck S, Baykusheva DR, Han M, et al. Attosecond interferometry of shape resonances
    in the recoil frame of CF4. <i>Science Advances</i>. 2021;7(49). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abj8121">10.1126/sciadv.abj8121</a>
  apa: Heck, S., Baykusheva, D. R., Han, M., Ji, J.-B., Perry, C., Gong, X., &#38;
    Wörner, H. J. (2021). Attosecond interferometry of shape resonances in the recoil
    frame of CF4. <i>Science Advances</i>. American Association for the Advancement
    of Science. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abj8121">https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abj8121</a>
  chicago: Heck, Saijoscha, Denitsa Rangelova Baykusheva, Meng Han, Jia-Bao Ji, Conaill
    Perry, Xiaochun Gong, and Hans Jakob Wörner. “Attosecond Interferometry of Shape
    Resonances in the Recoil Frame of CF4.” <i>Science Advances</i>. American Association
    for the Advancement of Science, 2021. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abj8121">https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abj8121</a>.
  ieee: S. Heck <i>et al.</i>, “Attosecond interferometry of shape resonances in the
    recoil frame of CF4,” <i>Science Advances</i>, vol. 7, no. 49. American Association
    for the Advancement of Science, 2021.
  ista: Heck S, Baykusheva DR, Han M, Ji J-B, Perry C, Gong X, Wörner HJ. 2021. Attosecond
    interferometry of shape resonances in the recoil frame of CF4. Science Advances.
    7(49), abj8121.
  mla: Heck, Saijoscha, et al. “Attosecond Interferometry of Shape Resonances in the
    Recoil Frame of CF4.” <i>Science Advances</i>, vol. 7, no. 49, abj8121, American
    Association for the Advancement of Science, 2021, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abj8121">10.1126/sciadv.abj8121</a>.
  short: S. Heck, D.R. Baykusheva, M. Han, J.-B. Ji, C. Perry, X. Gong, H.J. Wörner,
    Science Advances 7 (2021).
date_created: 2023-08-09T13:09:02Z
date_published: 2021-12-03T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-10-14T12:23:37Z
day: '03'
doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abj8121
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '34860540'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abj8121
intvolume: '         7'
issue: '49'
keyword:
- Multidisciplinary
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abj8121
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
publication: Science Advances
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 2375-2548
publication_status: published
publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Attosecond interferometry of shape resonances in the recoil frame of CF4
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 7
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '15137'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Characteristic properties of type III CRISPR-Cas systems include recognition
    of target RNA and the subsequent induction of a multifaceted immune response.
    This involves sequence-specific cleavage of the target RNA and production of cyclic
    oligoadenylate (cOA) molecules. Here we report that an exposed seed region at
    the 3′ end of the crRNA is essential for target RNA binding and cleavage, whereas
    cOA production requires base pairing at the 5′ end of the crRNA. Moreover, we
    uncover that the variation in the size and composition of type III complexes within
    a single host results in variable seed regions. This may prevent escape by invading
    genetic elements, while controlling cOA production tightly to prevent unnecessary
    damage to the host. Lastly, we use these findings to develop a new diagnostic
    tool, SCOPE, for the specific detection of SARS-CoV-2 from human nasal swab samples,
    revealing sensitivities in the atto-molar range.
article_number: '5033'
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Jurre A.
  full_name: Steens, Jurre A.
  last_name: Steens
- first_name: Yifan
  full_name: Zhu, Yifan
  last_name: Zhu
- first_name: David W.
  full_name: Taylor, David W.
  last_name: Taylor
- first_name: Jack Peter Kelly
  full_name: Bravo, Jack Peter Kelly
  id: 96aecfa5-8931-11ee-af30-aa6a5d6eee0e
  last_name: Bravo
  orcid: 0000-0003-0456-0753
- first_name: Stijn H. P.
  full_name: Prinsen, Stijn H. P.
  last_name: Prinsen
- first_name: Cor D.
  full_name: Schoen, Cor D.
  last_name: Schoen
- first_name: Bart J. F.
  full_name: Keijser, Bart J. F.
  last_name: Keijser
- first_name: Michel
  full_name: Ossendrijver, Michel
  last_name: Ossendrijver
- first_name: L. Marije
  full_name: Hofstra, L. Marije
  last_name: Hofstra
- first_name: Stan J. J.
  full_name: Brouns, Stan J. J.
  last_name: Brouns
- first_name: Akeo
  full_name: Shinkai, Akeo
  last_name: Shinkai
- first_name: John
  full_name: van der Oost, John
  last_name: van der Oost
- first_name: Raymond H. J.
  full_name: Staals, Raymond H. J.
  last_name: Staals
citation:
  ama: Steens JA, Zhu Y, Taylor DW, et al. SCOPE enables type III CRISPR-Cas diagnostics
    using flexible targeting and stringent CARF ribonuclease activation. <i>Nature
    Communications</i>. 2021;12. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-25337-5">10.1038/s41467-021-25337-5</a>
  apa: Steens, J. A., Zhu, Y., Taylor, D. W., Bravo, J. P. K., Prinsen, S. H. P.,
    Schoen, C. D., … Staals, R. H. J. (2021). SCOPE enables type III CRISPR-Cas diagnostics
    using flexible targeting and stringent CARF ribonuclease activation. <i>Nature
    Communications</i>. Springer Nature. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-25337-5">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-25337-5</a>
  chicago: Steens, Jurre A., Yifan Zhu, David W. Taylor, Jack Peter Kelly Bravo, Stijn
    H. P. Prinsen, Cor D. Schoen, Bart J. F. Keijser, et al. “SCOPE Enables Type III
    CRISPR-Cas Diagnostics Using Flexible Targeting and Stringent CARF Ribonuclease
    Activation.” <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature, 2021. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-25337-5">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-25337-5</a>.
  ieee: J. A. Steens <i>et al.</i>, “SCOPE enables type III CRISPR-Cas diagnostics
    using flexible targeting and stringent CARF ribonuclease activation,” <i>Nature
    Communications</i>, vol. 12. Springer Nature, 2021.
  ista: Steens JA, Zhu Y, Taylor DW, Bravo JPK, Prinsen SHP, Schoen CD, Keijser BJF,
    Ossendrijver M, Hofstra LM, Brouns SJJ, Shinkai A, van der Oost J, Staals RHJ.
    2021. SCOPE enables type III CRISPR-Cas diagnostics using flexible targeting and
    stringent CARF ribonuclease activation. Nature Communications. 12, 5033.
  mla: Steens, Jurre A., et al. “SCOPE Enables Type III CRISPR-Cas Diagnostics Using
    Flexible Targeting and Stringent CARF Ribonuclease Activation.” <i>Nature Communications</i>,
    vol. 12, 5033, Springer Nature, 2021, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-25337-5">10.1038/s41467-021-25337-5</a>.
  short: J.A. Steens, Y. Zhu, D.W. Taylor, J.P.K. Bravo, S.H.P. Prinsen, C.D. Schoen,
    B.J.F. Keijser, M. Ossendrijver, L.M. Hofstra, S.J.J. Brouns, A. Shinkai, J. van
    der Oost, R.H.J. Staals, Nature Communications 12 (2021).
date_created: 2024-03-20T10:42:33Z
date_published: 2021-08-19T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-06-04T06:11:54Z
day: '19'
doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-25337-5
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '34413302'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-25337-5
intvolume: '        12'
keyword:
- General Physics and Astronomy
- General Biochemistry
- Genetics and Molecular Biology
- General Chemistry
- Multidisciplinary
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-25337-5
month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
publication: Nature Communications
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2041-1723
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: SCOPE enables type III CRISPR-Cas diagnostics using flexible targeting and
  stringent CARF ribonuclease activation
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 12
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '15141'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: We reveal the cryo-electron microscopy structure of a type IV-B CRISPR ribonucleoprotein
    (RNP) complex (Csf) at 3.9-Å resolution. The complex best resembles the type III-A
    CRISPR Csm effector complex, consisting of a Cas7-like (Csf2) filament intertwined
    with a small subunit (Cas11) filament, but the complex lacks subunits for RNA
    processing and target DNA cleavage. Surprisingly, instead of assembling around
    a CRISPR-derived RNA (crRNA), the complex assembles upon heterogeneous RNA of
    a regular length arranged in a pseudo-A-form configuration. These findings provide
    a high-resolution glimpse into the assembly and function of enigmatic type IV
    CRISPR systems, expanding our understanding of class I CRISPR-Cas system architecture,
    and suggesting a function for type IV-B RNPs that may be distinct from other class
    1 CRISPR-associated systems.
article_number: '102201'
article_processing_charge: Yes (in subscription journal)
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Yi
  full_name: Zhou, Yi
  last_name: Zhou
- first_name: Jack Peter Kelly
  full_name: Bravo, Jack Peter Kelly
  id: 96aecfa5-8931-11ee-af30-aa6a5d6eee0e
  last_name: Bravo
  orcid: 0000-0003-0456-0753
- first_name: Hannah N.
  full_name: Taylor, Hannah N.
  last_name: Taylor
- first_name: Jurre A.
  full_name: Steens, Jurre A.
  last_name: Steens
- first_name: Ryan N.
  full_name: Jackson, Ryan N.
  last_name: Jackson
- first_name: Raymond H.J.
  full_name: Staals, Raymond H.J.
  last_name: Staals
- first_name: David W.
  full_name: Taylor, David W.
  last_name: Taylor
citation:
  ama: Zhou Y, Bravo JPK, Taylor HN, et al. Structure of a type IV CRISPR-Cas ribonucleoprotein
    complex. <i>iScience</i>. 2021;24(3). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2021.102201">10.1016/j.isci.2021.102201</a>
  apa: Zhou, Y., Bravo, J. P. K., Taylor, H. N., Steens, J. A., Jackson, R. N., Staals,
    R. H. J., &#38; Taylor, D. W. (2021). Structure of a type IV CRISPR-Cas ribonucleoprotein
    complex. <i>IScience</i>. Elsevier. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2021.102201">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2021.102201</a>
  chicago: Zhou, Yi, Jack Peter Kelly Bravo, Hannah N. Taylor, Jurre A. Steens, Ryan
    N. Jackson, Raymond H.J. Staals, and David W. Taylor. “Structure of a Type IV
    CRISPR-Cas Ribonucleoprotein Complex.” <i>IScience</i>. Elsevier, 2021. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2021.102201">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2021.102201</a>.
  ieee: Y. Zhou <i>et al.</i>, “Structure of a type IV CRISPR-Cas ribonucleoprotein
    complex,” <i>iScience</i>, vol. 24, no. 3. Elsevier, 2021.
  ista: Zhou Y, Bravo JPK, Taylor HN, Steens JA, Jackson RN, Staals RHJ, Taylor DW.
    2021. Structure of a type IV CRISPR-Cas ribonucleoprotein complex. iScience. 24(3),
    102201.
  mla: Zhou, Yi, et al. “Structure of a Type IV CRISPR-Cas Ribonucleoprotein Complex.”
    <i>IScience</i>, vol. 24, no. 3, 102201, Elsevier, 2021, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2021.102201">10.1016/j.isci.2021.102201</a>.
  short: Y. Zhou, J.P.K. Bravo, H.N. Taylor, J.A. Steens, R.N. Jackson, R.H.J. Staals,
    D.W. Taylor, IScience 24 (2021).
date_created: 2024-03-20T10:43:00Z
date_published: 2021-03-19T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-06-04T05:56:45Z
day: '19'
doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102201
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '33733066'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2021.102201
intvolume: '        24'
issue: '3'
keyword:
- Multidisciplinary
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2021.102201
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
publication: iScience
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2589-0042
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Structure of a type IV CRISPR-Cas ribonucleoprotein complex
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 24
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '15266'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Plant pathogens often exploit a whole range of effectors to facilitate infection.
    The RXLR effector AVR1 produced by the oomycete plant pathogen Phytophthora infestans
    suppresses host defense by targeting Sec5. Sec5 is a subunit of the exocyst, a
    protein complex that is important for mediating polarized exocytosis during plant
    development and defense against pathogens. The mechanism by which AVR1 manipulates
    Sec5 functioning is unknown. In this study, we analyzed the effect of AVR1 on
    Sec5 localization and functioning in the moss Physcomitrium patens. P. patens
    has four Sec5 homologs. Two (PpSec5b and PpSec5d) were found to interact with
    AVR1 in yeast-two-hybrid assays while none of the four showed a positive interaction
    with AVR1ΔT, a truncated version of AVR1. In P. patens lines carrying β-estradiol
    inducible AVR1 or AVR1ΔT transgenes, expression of AVR1 or AVR1ΔT caused defects
    in the development of caulonemal protonema cells and abnormal morphology of chloronema
    cells. Similar phenotypes were observed in Sec5- or Sec6-silenced P. patens lines,
    suggesting that both AVR1 and AVR1ΔT affect exocyst functioning in P. patens.
    With respect to Sec5 localization we found no differences between β-estradiol-treated
    and untreated transgenic AVR1 lines. Sec5 localizes at the plasma membrane in
    growing caulonema cells, also during pathogen attack, and its subcellular localization
    is the same, with or without AVR1 in the vicinity.
article_number: e0249637
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Elysa J. R.
  full_name: Overdijk, Elysa J. R.
  last_name: Overdijk
- first_name: Vera
  full_name: Putker, Vera
  last_name: Putker
- first_name: Joep
  full_name: Smits, Joep
  last_name: Smits
- first_name: Han
  full_name: Tang, Han
  id: 19BDF720-25A0-11EA-AC6E-928F3DDC885E
  last_name: Tang
  orcid: 0000-0001-6152-6637
- first_name: Klaas
  full_name: Bouwmeester, Klaas
  last_name: Bouwmeester
- first_name: Francine
  full_name: Govers, Francine
  last_name: Govers
- first_name: Tijs
  full_name: Ketelaar, Tijs
  last_name: Ketelaar
citation:
  ama: Overdijk EJR, Putker V, Smits J, et al. Phytophthora infestans RXLR effector
    AVR1 disturbs the growth of Physcomitrium patens without affecting Sec5 localization.
    <i>PLoS One</i>. 2021;16(4). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249637">10.1371/journal.pone.0249637</a>
  apa: Overdijk, E. J. R., Putker, V., Smits, J., Tang, H., Bouwmeester, K., Govers,
    F., &#38; Ketelaar, T. (2021). Phytophthora infestans RXLR effector AVR1 disturbs
    the growth of Physcomitrium patens without affecting Sec5 localization. <i>PLoS
    One</i>. Public Library of Science. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249637">https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249637</a>
  chicago: Overdijk, Elysa J. R., Vera Putker, Joep Smits, Han Tang, Klaas Bouwmeester,
    Francine Govers, and Tijs Ketelaar. “Phytophthora Infestans RXLR Effector AVR1
    Disturbs the Growth of Physcomitrium Patens without Affecting Sec5 Localization.”
    <i>PLoS One</i>. Public Library of Science, 2021. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249637">https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249637</a>.
  ieee: E. J. R. Overdijk <i>et al.</i>, “Phytophthora infestans RXLR effector AVR1
    disturbs the growth of Physcomitrium patens without affecting Sec5 localization,”
    <i>PLoS One</i>, vol. 16, no. 4. Public Library of Science, 2021.
  ista: Overdijk EJR, Putker V, Smits J, Tang H, Bouwmeester K, Govers F, Ketelaar
    T. 2021. Phytophthora infestans RXLR effector AVR1 disturbs the growth of Physcomitrium
    patens without affecting Sec5 localization. PLoS One. 16(4), e0249637.
  mla: Overdijk, Elysa J. R., et al. “Phytophthora Infestans RXLR Effector AVR1 Disturbs
    the Growth of Physcomitrium Patens without Affecting Sec5 Localization.” <i>PLoS
    One</i>, vol. 16, no. 4, e0249637, Public Library of Science, 2021, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249637">10.1371/journal.pone.0249637</a>.
  short: E.J.R. Overdijk, V. Putker, J. Smits, H. Tang, K. Bouwmeester, F. Govers,
    T. Ketelaar, PLoS One 16 (2021).
date_created: 2024-04-03T07:38:14Z
date_published: 2021-04-08T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-04-29T06:53:15Z
day: '08'
ddc:
- '580'
department:
- _id: JiFr
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249637
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '33831039'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: 25b7b329435af57db2c95571a8ef32fe
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: dernst
  date_created: 2024-04-29T06:51:59Z
  date_updated: 2024-04-29T06:51:59Z
  file_id: '15349'
  file_name: 2021_PlosOne_Overdijk.pdf
  file_size: 4738995
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2024-04-29T06:51:59Z
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249637
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        16'
issue: '4'
keyword:
- Multidisciplinary
language:
- iso: eng
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
publication: PLoS One
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1932-6203
publication_status: published
publisher: Public Library of Science
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Phytophthora infestans RXLR effector AVR1 disturbs the growth of Physcomitrium
  patens without affecting Sec5 localization
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 16
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '10025'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Ferromagnetism is most common in transition metal compounds but may also arise
    in low-density two-dimensional electron systems, with signatures observed in silicon,
    III-V semiconductor systems, and graphene moiré heterostructures. Here we show
    that gate-tuned van Hove singularities in rhombohedral trilayer graphene drive
    the spontaneous ferromagnetic polarization of the electron system into one or
    more spin- and valley flavors. Using capacitance measurements on graphite-gated
    van der Waals heterostructures, we find a cascade of density- and electronic displacement
    field tuned phase transitions marked by negative electronic compressibility. The
    transitions define the boundaries between phases where quantum oscillations have
    either four-fold, two-fold, or one-fold degeneracy, associated with a spin and
    valley degenerate normal metal, spin-polarized `half-metal', and spin and valley
    polarized `quarter metal', respectively. For electron doping, the salient features
    are well captured by a phenomenological Stoner model with a valley-anisotropic
    Hund's coupling, likely arising from interactions at the lattice scale. For hole
    filling, we observe a richer phase diagram featuring a delicate interplay of broken
    symmetries and transitions in the Fermi surface topology. Finally, by rotational
    alignment of a hexagonal boron nitride substrate to induce a moiré superlattice,
    we find that the superlattice perturbs the preexisting isospin order only weakly,
    leaving the basic phase diagram intact while catalyzing the formation of topologically
    nontrivial gapped states whenever itinerant half- or quarter metal states occur
    at half- or quarter superlattice band filling. Our results show that rhombohedral
    trilayer graphene is an ideal platform for well-controlled tests of many-body
    theory and reveal magnetism in moiré materials to be fundamentally itinerant in
    nature.
acknowledgement: "The authors acknowledge discussions with A. Macdonald, L. Fu, F.
  Wang and M. Zaletel. AFY acknowledges support of the National Science Foundation
  under DMR1654186, and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation under award GBMF9471.
  The authors acknowledge the use of the research facilities within the California
  NanoSystems Institute, supported by the University of California, Santa Barbara
  and the University of California, Office of the President.\r\nK.W. and T.T. acknowledge
  support from the Elemental Strategy Initiative conducted by the MEXT, Japan, Grant
  Number JPMXP0112101001 and JSPS KAKENHI, Grant Number JP20H00354. EB and TH were
  supported by the European Research Council (ERC) under grant HQMAT (Grant Agreement
  No. 817799). A.G. acknowledges support by the European Unions Horizon 2020 research
  and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Grant Agreement\r\nNo. 754411.\r\n"
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Haoxin
  full_name: Zhou, Haoxin
  last_name: Zhou
- first_name: Tian
  full_name: Xie, Tian
  last_name: Xie
- first_name: Areg
  full_name: Ghazaryan, Areg
  id: 4AF46FD6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Ghazaryan
  orcid: 0000-0001-9666-3543
- first_name: Tobias
  full_name: Holder, Tobias
  last_name: Holder
- first_name: James R.
  full_name: Ehrets, James R.
  last_name: Ehrets
- first_name: Eric M.
  full_name: Spanton, Eric M.
  last_name: Spanton
- first_name: Takashi
  full_name: Taniguchi, Takashi
  last_name: Taniguchi
- first_name: Kenji
  full_name: Watanabe, Kenji
  last_name: Watanabe
- first_name: Erez
  full_name: Berg, Erez
  last_name: Berg
- first_name: Maksym
  full_name: Serbyn, Maksym
  id: 47809E7E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Serbyn
  orcid: 0000-0002-2399-5827
- first_name: Andrea F.
  full_name: Young, Andrea F.
  last_name: Young
citation:
  ama: Zhou H, Xie T, Ghazaryan A, et al. Half and quarter metals in rhombohedral
    trilayer graphene. <i>Nature</i>. 2021. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03938-w">10.1038/s41586-021-03938-w</a>
  apa: Zhou, H., Xie, T., Ghazaryan, A., Holder, T., Ehrets, J. R., Spanton, E. M.,
    … Young, A. F. (2021). Half and quarter metals in rhombohedral trilayer graphene.
    <i>Nature</i>. Springer Nature. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03938-w">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03938-w</a>
  chicago: Zhou, Haoxin, Tian Xie, Areg Ghazaryan, Tobias Holder, James R. Ehrets,
    Eric M. Spanton, Takashi Taniguchi, et al. “Half and Quarter Metals in Rhombohedral
    Trilayer Graphene.” <i>Nature</i>. Springer Nature, 2021. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03938-w">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03938-w</a>.
  ieee: H. Zhou <i>et al.</i>, “Half and quarter metals in rhombohedral trilayer graphene,”
    <i>Nature</i>. Springer Nature, 2021.
  ista: Zhou H, Xie T, Ghazaryan A, Holder T, Ehrets JR, Spanton EM, Taniguchi T,
    Watanabe K, Berg E, Serbyn M, Young AF. 2021. Half and quarter metals in rhombohedral
    trilayer graphene. Nature.
  mla: Zhou, Haoxin, et al. “Half and Quarter Metals in Rhombohedral Trilayer Graphene.”
    <i>Nature</i>, Springer Nature, 2021, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03938-w">10.1038/s41586-021-03938-w</a>.
  short: H. Zhou, T. Xie, A. Ghazaryan, T. Holder, J.R. Ehrets, E.M. Spanton, T. Taniguchi,
    K. Watanabe, E. Berg, M. Serbyn, A.F. Young, Nature (2021).
date_created: 2021-09-19T22:01:25Z
date_published: 2021-09-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-04-14T07:43:46Z
day: '01'
department:
- _id: MaSe
- _id: MiLe
doi: 10.1038/s41586-021-03938-w
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '2104.00653'
  isi:
  - '000706977400002'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03938-w
isi: 1
keyword:
- condensed matter - mesoscale and nanoscale physics
- condensed matter - strongly correlated electrons
- multidisciplinary
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://arxiv.org/abs/2104.00653
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
project:
- _id: 260C2330-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '754411'
  name: ISTplus - Postdoctoral Fellowships
publication: Nature
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1476-4687
  issn:
  - 0028-0836
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
  link:
  - relation: erratum
    url: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-04181-z
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Half and quarter metals in rhombohedral trilayer graphene
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '10223'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Growth regulation tailors development in plants to their environment. A prominent
    example of this is the response to gravity, in which shoots bend up and roots
    bend down1. This paradox is based on opposite effects of the phytohormone auxin,
    which promotes cell expansion in shoots while inhibiting it in roots via a yet
    unknown cellular mechanism2. Here, by combining microfluidics, live imaging, genetic
    engineering and phosphoproteomics in Arabidopsis thaliana, we advance understanding
    of how auxin inhibits root growth. We show that auxin activates two distinct,
    antagonistically acting signalling pathways that converge on rapid regulation
    of apoplastic pH, a causative determinant of growth. Cell surface-based TRANSMEMBRANE
    KINASE1 (TMK1) interacts with and mediates phosphorylation and activation of plasma
    membrane H+-ATPases for apoplast acidification, while intracellular canonical
    auxin signalling promotes net cellular H+ influx, causing apoplast alkalinization.
    Simultaneous activation of these two counteracting mechanisms poises roots for
    rapid, fine-tuned growth modulation in navigating complex soil environments.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: LifeSc
- _id: M-Shop
- _id: Bio
acknowledgement: We thank N. Gnyliukh and L. Hörmayer for technical assistance and
  N. Paris for sharing PM-Cyto seeds. We gratefully acknowledge the Life Science,
  Machine Shop and Bioimaging Facilities of IST Austria. This project has received
  funding from the European Research Council Advanced Grant (ETAP-742985) and the
  Austrian Science Fund (FWF) under I 3630-B25 to J.F., the National Institutes of
  Health (GM067203) to W.M.G., the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research
  (NWO; VIDI-864.13.001), Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO; Odysseus II G0D0515N)
  and a European Research Council Starting Grant (TORPEDO-714055) to W.S. and B.D.R.,
  the VICI grant (865.14.001) from the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research
  to M.R. and D.W., the Australian Research Council and China National Distinguished
  Expert Project (WQ20174400441) to S.S., the MEXT/JSPS KAKENHI to K.T. (20K06685)
  and T.K. (20H05687 and 20H05910), the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and
  innovation programme under Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement no. 665385 and
  the DOC Fellowship of the Austrian Academy of Sciences to L.L., and the China Scholarship
  Council to J.C.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Lanxin
  full_name: Li, Lanxin
  id: 367EF8FA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Li
  orcid: 0000-0002-5607-272X
- first_name: Inge
  full_name: Verstraeten, Inge
  id: 362BF7FE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Verstraeten
  orcid: 0000-0001-7241-2328
- first_name: Mark
  full_name: Roosjen, Mark
  last_name: Roosjen
- first_name: Koji
  full_name: Takahashi, Koji
  last_name: Takahashi
- first_name: Lesia
  full_name: Rodriguez Solovey, Lesia
  id: 3922B506-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Rodriguez Solovey
  orcid: 0000-0002-7244-7237
- first_name: Jack
  full_name: Merrin, Jack
  id: 4515C308-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Merrin
  orcid: 0000-0001-5145-4609
- first_name: Jian
  full_name: Chen, Jian
  last_name: Chen
- first_name: Lana
  full_name: Shabala, Lana
  last_name: Shabala
- first_name: Wouter
  full_name: Smet, Wouter
  last_name: Smet
- first_name: Hong
  full_name: Ren, Hong
  last_name: Ren
- first_name: Steffen
  full_name: Vanneste, Steffen
  last_name: Vanneste
- first_name: Sergey
  full_name: Shabala, Sergey
  last_name: Shabala
- first_name: Bert
  full_name: De Rybel, Bert
  last_name: De Rybel
- first_name: Dolf
  full_name: Weijers, Dolf
  last_name: Weijers
- first_name: Toshinori
  full_name: Kinoshita, Toshinori
  last_name: Kinoshita
- first_name: William M.
  full_name: Gray, William M.
  last_name: Gray
- first_name: Jiří
  full_name: Friml, Jiří
  id: 4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Friml
  orcid: 0000-0002-8302-7596
citation:
  ama: Li L, Verstraeten I, Roosjen M, et al. Cell surface and intracellular auxin
    signalling for H<sup>+</sup> fluxes in root growth. <i>Nature</i>. 2021;599(7884):273-277.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-04037-6">10.1038/s41586-021-04037-6</a>
  apa: Li, L., Verstraeten, I., Roosjen, M., Takahashi, K., Rodriguez Solovey, L.,
    Merrin, J., … Friml, J. (2021). Cell surface and intracellular auxin signalling
    for H<sup>+</sup> fluxes in root growth. <i>Nature</i>. Springer Nature. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-04037-6">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-04037-6</a>
  chicago: Li, Lanxin, Inge Verstraeten, Mark Roosjen, Koji Takahashi, Lesia Rodriguez
    Solovey, Jack Merrin, Jian Chen, et al. “Cell Surface and Intracellular Auxin
    Signalling for H<sup>+</sup> Fluxes in Root Growth.” <i>Nature</i>. Springer Nature,
    2021. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-04037-6">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-04037-6</a>.
  ieee: L. Li <i>et al.</i>, “Cell surface and intracellular auxin signalling for
    H<sup>+</sup> fluxes in root growth,” <i>Nature</i>, vol. 599, no. 7884. Springer
    Nature, pp. 273–277, 2021.
  ista: Li L, Verstraeten I, Roosjen M, Takahashi K, Rodriguez Solovey L, Merrin J,
    Chen J, Shabala L, Smet W, Ren H, Vanneste S, Shabala S, De Rybel B, Weijers D,
    Kinoshita T, Gray WM, Friml J. 2021. Cell surface and intracellular auxin signalling
    for H<sup>+</sup> fluxes in root growth. Nature. 599(7884), 273–277.
  mla: Li, Lanxin, et al. “Cell Surface and Intracellular Auxin Signalling for H<sup>+</sup>
    Fluxes in Root Growth.” <i>Nature</i>, vol. 599, no. 7884, Springer Nature, 2021,
    pp. 273–77, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-04037-6">10.1038/s41586-021-04037-6</a>.
  short: L. Li, I. Verstraeten, M. Roosjen, K. Takahashi, L. Rodriguez Solovey, J.
    Merrin, J. Chen, L. Shabala, W. Smet, H. Ren, S. Vanneste, S. Shabala, B. De Rybel,
    D. Weijers, T. Kinoshita, W.M. Gray, J. Friml, Nature 599 (2021) 273–277.
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2021-11-07T23:01:25Z
date_published: 2021-11-11T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-07-10T11:49:46Z
day: '11'
department:
- _id: JiFr
- _id: NanoFab
doi: 10.1038/s41586-021-04037-6
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000713338100006'
  pmid:
  - '34707283'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-04037-6
intvolume: '       599'
isi: 1
issue: '7884'
keyword:
- Multidisciplinary
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://www.doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-266395/v3
month: '11'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 273-277
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 261099A6-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '742985'
  name: Tracing Evolution of Auxin Transport and Polarity in Plants
- _id: 26538374-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: FWF
  grant_number: I03630
  name: Molecular mechanisms of endocytic cargo recognition in plants
- _id: 2564DBCA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '665385'
  name: International IST Doctoral Program
- _id: 26B4D67E-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  grant_number: '25351'
  name: 'A Case Study of Plant Growth Regulation: Molecular Mechanism of Auxin-mediated
    Rapid Growth Inhibition in Arabidopsis Root'
publication: Nature
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1476-4687
  issn:
  - 0028-0836
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
  link:
  - description: News on IST Webpage
    relation: press_release
    url: https://ist.ac.at/en/news/stop-and-grow/
  record:
  - id: '10095'
    relation: earlier_version
    status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Cell surface and intracellular auxin signalling for H<sup>+</sup> fluxes in
  root growth
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 599
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '10616'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Electrons in moiré flat band systems can spontaneously break time-reversal
    symmetry, giving rise to a quantized anomalous Hall effect. In this study, we
    use a superconducting quantum interference device to image stray magnetic fields
    in twisted bilayer graphene aligned to hexagonal boron nitride. We find a magnetization
    of several Bohr magnetons per charge carrier, demonstrating that the magnetism
    is primarily orbital in nature. Our measurements reveal a large change in the
    magnetization as the chemical potential is swept across the quantum anomalous
    Hall gap, consistent with the expected contribution of chiral edge states to the
    magnetization of an orbital Chern insulator. Mapping the spatial evolution of
    field-driven magnetic reversal, we find a series of reproducible micrometer-scale
    domains pinned to structural disorder.
acknowledgement: 'We thank A. H. Macdonald, J. Zhu, M. Zaletel, and D. Xiao for discussions
  of the results and E. Lachman for comments on the manuscript. Funding: The work
  was primarily funded by the US Department of Energy under DE-SC0020043, with additional
  support for instrumentation development supported by the Army Research Office under
  grant W911NF-16-1-0361. K.W. and T.T. acknowledge support from the Elemental Strategy
  Initiative conducted by MEXT, Japan, grant JPMXP0112101001; JSPS KAKENHI grant JP20H00354
  and CREST grant JPMJCR15F3, JST. C.L.T. acknowledges support from the Hertz Foundation
  and from the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program under
  grant 1650114. This project is funded in part by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation’s
  EPiQS Initiative, grant GBMF9471 to A.F.Y.'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: C. L.
  full_name: Tschirhart, C. L.
  last_name: Tschirhart
- first_name: M.
  full_name: Serlin, M.
  last_name: Serlin
- first_name: Hryhoriy
  full_name: Polshyn, Hryhoriy
  id: edfc7cb1-526e-11ec-b05a-e6ecc27e4e48
  last_name: Polshyn
  orcid: 0000-0001-8223-8896
- first_name: A.
  full_name: Shragai, A.
  last_name: Shragai
- first_name: Z.
  full_name: Xia, Z.
  last_name: Xia
- first_name: J.
  full_name: Zhu, J.
  last_name: Zhu
- first_name: Y.
  full_name: Zhang, Y.
  last_name: Zhang
- first_name: K.
  full_name: Watanabe, K.
  last_name: Watanabe
- first_name: T.
  full_name: Taniguchi, T.
  last_name: Taniguchi
- first_name: M. E.
  full_name: Huber, M. E.
  last_name: Huber
- first_name: A. F.
  full_name: Young, A. F.
  last_name: Young
citation:
  ama: Tschirhart CL, Serlin M, Polshyn H, et al. Imaging orbital ferromagnetism in
    a moiré Chern insulator. <i>Science</i>. 2021;372(6548):1323-1327. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abd3190">10.1126/science.abd3190</a>
  apa: Tschirhart, C. L., Serlin, M., Polshyn, H., Shragai, A., Xia, Z., Zhu, J.,
    … Young, A. F. (2021). Imaging orbital ferromagnetism in a moiré Chern insulator.
    <i>Science</i>. American Association for the Advancement of Science. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abd3190">https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abd3190</a>
  chicago: Tschirhart, C. L., M. Serlin, Hryhoriy Polshyn, A. Shragai, Z. Xia, J.
    Zhu, Y. Zhang, et al. “Imaging Orbital Ferromagnetism in a Moiré Chern Insulator.”
    <i>Science</i>. American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2021. <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abd3190">https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abd3190</a>.
  ieee: C. L. Tschirhart <i>et al.</i>, “Imaging orbital ferromagnetism in a moiré
    Chern insulator,” <i>Science</i>, vol. 372, no. 6548. American Association for
    the Advancement of Science, pp. 1323–1327, 2021.
  ista: Tschirhart CL, Serlin M, Polshyn H, Shragai A, Xia Z, Zhu J, Zhang Y, Watanabe
    K, Taniguchi T, Huber ME, Young AF. 2021. Imaging orbital ferromagnetism in a
    moiré Chern insulator. Science. 372(6548), 1323–1327.
  mla: Tschirhart, C. L., et al. “Imaging Orbital Ferromagnetism in a Moiré Chern
    Insulator.” <i>Science</i>, vol. 372, no. 6548, American Association for the Advancement
    of Science, 2021, pp. 1323–27, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abd3190">10.1126/science.abd3190</a>.
  short: C.L. Tschirhart, M. Serlin, H. Polshyn, A. Shragai, Z. Xia, J. Zhu, Y. Zhang,
    K. Watanabe, T. Taniguchi, M.E. Huber, A.F. Young, Science 372 (2021) 1323–1327.
date_created: 2022-01-13T12:17:45Z
date_published: 2021-05-27T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-01-13T14:11:36Z
day: '27'
doi: 10.1126/science.abd3190
extern: '1'
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '2006.08053'
  pmid:
  - '34045322'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abd3190
intvolume: '       372'
issue: '6548'
keyword:
- multidisciplinary
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.08053
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 1323-1327
pmid: 1
publication: Science
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1095-9203
  issn:
  - 0036-8075
publication_status: published
publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Imaging orbital ferromagnetism in a moiré Chern insulator
type: journal_article
user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9
volume: 372
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '9618'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The control of nonequilibrium quantum dynamics in many-body systems is challenging
    because interactions typically lead to thermalization and a chaotic spreading
    throughout Hilbert space. We investigate nonequilibrium dynamics after rapid quenches
    in a many-body system composed of 3 to 200 strongly interacting qubits in one
    and two spatial dimensions. Using a programmable quantum simulator based on Rydberg
    atom arrays, we show that coherent revivals associated with so-called quantum
    many-body scars can be stabilized by periodic driving, which generates a robust
    subharmonic response akin to discrete time-crystalline order. We map Hilbert space
    dynamics, geometry dependence, phase diagrams, and system-size dependence of this
    emergent phenomenon, demonstrating new ways to steer complex dynamics in many-body
    systems and enabling potential applications in quantum information science.
acknowledgement: 'We thank many members of the Harvard AMO community, particularly
  E. Urbach, S. Dakoulas, and J. Doyle for their efforts enabling safe and productive
  operation of our laboratories during 2020. We thank D. Abanin, I. Cong, F. Machado,
  H. Pichler, N. Yao, B. Ye, and H. Zhou for stimulating discussions. Funding: We
  acknowledge financial support from the Center for Ultracold Atoms, the National
  Science Foundation, the Vannevar Bush Faculty Fellowship, the U.S. Department of
  Energy (LBNL QSA Center and grant no. DE-SC0021013), the Office of Naval Research,
  the Army Research Office MURI, the DARPA DRINQS program (grant no. D18AC00033),
  and the DARPA ONISQ program (grant no. W911NF2010021). The authors acknowledge support
  from the NSF Graduate Research Fellowship Program (grant DGE1745303) and The Fannie
  and John Hertz Foundation (D.B.); a National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate
  (NDSEG) fellowship (H.L.); a fellowship from the Max Planck/Harvard Research Center
  for Quantum Optics (G.S.); Gordon College (T.T.W.); the European Research Council
  (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant
  agreement no. 850899) (A.A.M. and M.S.); a Department of Energy Computational Science
  Graduate Fellowship under award number DE-SC0021110 (N.M.); the Moore Foundation’s
  EPiQS Initiative grant no. GBMF4306, the NUS Development grant AY2019/2020, and
  the Stanford Institute of Theoretical Physics (W.W.H.); and the Miller Institute
  for Basic Research in Science (S.C.). Author contributions: D.B., A.O., H.L., A.K.,
  G.S., S.E., and T.T.W. contributed to the building of the experimental setup, performed
  the measurements, and analyzed the data. A.A.M., N.M., W.W.H., S.C., and M.S. performed
  theoretical analysis. All work was supervised by M.G., V.V., and M.D.L. All authors
  discussed the results and contributed to the manuscript. Competing interests: M.G.,
  V.V., and M.D.L. are co-founders and shareholders of QuEra Computing. A.O. is a
  shareholder of QuEra Computing. Data and materials availability: All data needed
  to evaluate the conclusions in the paper are present in the paper and the supplementary
  materials.'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: D.
  full_name: Bluvstein, D.
  last_name: Bluvstein
- first_name: A.
  full_name: Omran, A.
  last_name: Omran
- first_name: H.
  full_name: Levine, H.
  last_name: Levine
- first_name: A.
  full_name: Keesling, A.
  last_name: Keesling
- first_name: G.
  full_name: Semeghini, G.
  last_name: Semeghini
- first_name: S.
  full_name: Ebadi, S.
  last_name: Ebadi
- first_name: T. T.
  full_name: Wang, T. T.
  last_name: Wang
- first_name: Alexios
  full_name: Michailidis, Alexios
  id: 36EBAD38-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Michailidis
  orcid: 0000-0002-8443-1064
- first_name: N.
  full_name: Maskara, N.
  last_name: Maskara
- first_name: W. W.
  full_name: Ho, W. W.
  last_name: Ho
- first_name: S.
  full_name: Choi, S.
  last_name: Choi
- first_name: Maksym
  full_name: Serbyn, Maksym
  id: 47809E7E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Serbyn
  orcid: 0000-0002-2399-5827
- first_name: M.
  full_name: Greiner, M.
  last_name: Greiner
- first_name: V.
  full_name: Vuletić, V.
  last_name: Vuletić
- first_name: M. D.
  full_name: Lukin, M. D.
  last_name: Lukin
citation:
  ama: Bluvstein D, Omran A, Levine H, et al. Controlling quantum many-body dynamics
    in driven Rydberg atom arrays. <i>Science</i>. 2021;371(6536):1355-1359. doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abg2530">10.1126/science.abg2530</a>
  apa: Bluvstein, D., Omran, A., Levine, H., Keesling, A., Semeghini, G., Ebadi, S.,
    … Lukin, M. D. (2021). Controlling quantum many-body dynamics in driven Rydberg
    atom arrays. <i>Science</i>. AAAS. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abg2530">https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abg2530</a>
  chicago: Bluvstein, D., A. Omran, H. Levine, A. Keesling, G. Semeghini, S. Ebadi,
    T. T. Wang, et al. “Controlling Quantum Many-Body Dynamics in Driven Rydberg Atom
    Arrays.” <i>Science</i>. AAAS, 2021. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abg2530">https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abg2530</a>.
  ieee: D. Bluvstein <i>et al.</i>, “Controlling quantum many-body dynamics in driven
    Rydberg atom arrays,” <i>Science</i>, vol. 371, no. 6536. AAAS, pp. 1355–1359,
    2021.
  ista: Bluvstein D, Omran A, Levine H, Keesling A, Semeghini G, Ebadi S, Wang TT,
    Michailidis A, Maskara N, Ho WW, Choi S, Serbyn M, Greiner M, Vuletić V, Lukin
    MD. 2021. Controlling quantum many-body dynamics in driven Rydberg atom arrays.
    Science. 371(6536), 1355–1359.
  mla: Bluvstein, D., et al. “Controlling Quantum Many-Body Dynamics in Driven Rydberg
    Atom Arrays.” <i>Science</i>, vol. 371, no. 6536, AAAS, 2021, pp. 1355–59, doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abg2530">10.1126/science.abg2530</a>.
  short: D. Bluvstein, A. Omran, H. Levine, A. Keesling, G. Semeghini, S. Ebadi, T.T.
    Wang, A. Michailidis, N. Maskara, W.W. Ho, S. Choi, M. Serbyn, M. Greiner, V.
    Vuletić, M.D. Lukin, Science 371 (2021) 1355–1359.
date_created: 2021-06-29T12:04:05Z
date_published: 2021-03-26T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-04-14T07:52:05Z
day: '26'
ddc:
- '539'
department:
- _id: MaSe
doi: 10.1126/science.abg2530
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '2012.12276'
  isi:
  - '000636043400048'
  pmid:
  - '33632894'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: 0b356fd10ab9bb95177d4c047d4e9c1a
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: patrickd
  date_created: 2021-09-23T14:00:05Z
  date_updated: 2021-09-23T14:00:05Z
  file_id: '10040'
  file_name: scars_subharmonic_combined_manuscript_2_11_2021 (2)-1.pdf
  file_size: 3671159
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2021-09-23T14:00:05Z
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abg2530
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '       371'
isi: 1
issue: '6536'
keyword:
- Multidisciplinary
language:
- iso: eng
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 1355-1359
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 23841C26-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '850899'
  name: 'Non-Ergodic Quantum Matter: Universality, Dynamics and Control'
publication: Science
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1095-9203
  issn:
  - 0036-8075
publication_status: published
publisher: AAAS
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Controlling quantum many-body dynamics in driven Rydberg atom arrays
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 371
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '9997'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Indirect reciprocity is a mechanism for the evolution of cooperation based
    on social norms. This mechanism requires that individuals in a population observe
    and judge each other’s behaviors. Individuals with a good reputation are more
    likely to receive help from others. Previous work suggests that indirect reciprocity
    is only effective when all relevant information is reliable and publicly available.
    Otherwise, individuals may disagree on how to assess others, even if they all
    apply the same social norm. Such disagreements can lead to a breakdown of cooperation.
    Here we explore whether the predominantly studied ‘leading eight’ social norms
    of indirect reciprocity can be made more robust by equipping them with an element
    of generosity. To this end, we distinguish between two kinds of generosity. According
    to assessment generosity, individuals occasionally assign a good reputation to
    group members who would usually be regarded as bad. According to action generosity,
    individuals occasionally cooperate with group members with whom they would usually
    defect. Using individual-based simulations, we show that the two kinds of generosity
    have a very different effect on the resulting reputation dynamics. Assessment
    generosity tends to add to the overall noise and allows defectors to invade. In
    contrast, a limited amount of action generosity can be beneficial in a few cases.
    However, even when action generosity is beneficial, the respective simulations
    do not result in full cooperation. Our results suggest that while generosity can
    favor cooperation when individuals use the most simple strategies of reciprocity,
    it is disadvantageous when individuals use more complex social norms.
acknowledgement: 'This work was supported by the European Research Council CoG 863818
  (ForM-SMArt) (to K.C.) and the European Research Council Starting Grant 850529:
  E-DIRECT (to C.H.). L.S. received additional partial support by the Austrian Science
  Fund (FWF) under Grant Z211-N23 (Wittgenstein Award).'
article_number: '17443'
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Laura
  full_name: Schmid, Laura
  id: 38B437DE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Schmid
  orcid: 0000-0002-6978-7329
- first_name: Pouya
  full_name: Shati, Pouya
  last_name: Shati
- first_name: Christian
  full_name: Hilbe, Christian
  last_name: Hilbe
- first_name: Krishnendu
  full_name: Chatterjee, Krishnendu
  id: 2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Chatterjee
  orcid: 0000-0002-4561-241X
citation:
  ama: Schmid L, Shati P, Hilbe C, Chatterjee K. The evolution of indirect reciprocity
    under action and assessment generosity. <i>Scientific Reports</i>. 2021;11(1).
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-96932-1">10.1038/s41598-021-96932-1</a>
  apa: Schmid, L., Shati, P., Hilbe, C., &#38; Chatterjee, K. (2021). The evolution
    of indirect reciprocity under action and assessment generosity. <i>Scientific
    Reports</i>. Springer Nature. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-96932-1">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-96932-1</a>
  chicago: Schmid, Laura, Pouya Shati, Christian Hilbe, and Krishnendu Chatterjee.
    “The Evolution of Indirect Reciprocity under Action and Assessment Generosity.”
    <i>Scientific Reports</i>. Springer Nature, 2021. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-96932-1">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-96932-1</a>.
  ieee: L. Schmid, P. Shati, C. Hilbe, and K. Chatterjee, “The evolution of indirect
    reciprocity under action and assessment generosity,” <i>Scientific Reports</i>,
    vol. 11, no. 1. Springer Nature, 2021.
  ista: Schmid L, Shati P, Hilbe C, Chatterjee K. 2021. The evolution of indirect
    reciprocity under action and assessment generosity. Scientific Reports. 11(1),
    17443.
  mla: Schmid, Laura, et al. “The Evolution of Indirect Reciprocity under Action and
    Assessment Generosity.” <i>Scientific Reports</i>, vol. 11, no. 1, 17443, Springer
    Nature, 2021, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-96932-1">10.1038/s41598-021-96932-1</a>.
  short: L. Schmid, P. Shati, C. Hilbe, K. Chatterjee, Scientific Reports 11 (2021).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2021-09-11T16:22:02Z
date_published: 2021-08-31T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-10-26T23:30:35Z
day: '31'
ddc:
- '003'
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: KrCh
doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-96932-1
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000692406400018'
  pmid:
  - '34465830'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: 19df8816cf958b272b85841565c73182
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: cchlebak
  date_created: 2021-09-13T10:31:21Z
  date_updated: 2021-09-13T10:31:21Z
  file_id: '10006'
  file_name: 2021_ScientificReports_Schmid.pdf
  file_size: 2424943
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2021-09-13T10:31:21Z
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-96932-1
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        11'
isi: 1
issue: '1'
keyword:
- Multidisciplinary
language:
- iso: eng
month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 0599E47C-7A3F-11EA-A408-12923DDC885E
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '863818'
  name: 'Formal Methods for Stochastic Models: Algorithms and Applications'
- _id: 25F42A32-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: FWF
  grant_number: Z211
  name: Formal methods for the design and analysis of complex systems
publication: Scientific Reports
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 2045-2322
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
  record:
  - id: '10293'
    relation: dissertation_contains
    status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: The evolution of indirect reciprocity under action and assessment generosity
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 11
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '10299'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Turbulence generally arises in shear flows if velocities and hence, inertial
    forces are sufficiently large. In striking contrast, viscoelastic fluids can exhibit
    disordered motion even at vanishing inertia. Intermediate between these cases,
    a state of chaotic motion, “elastoinertial turbulence” (EIT), has been observed
    in a narrow Reynolds number interval. We here determine the origin of EIT in experiments
    and show that characteristic EIT structures can be detected across an unexpectedly
    wide range of parameters. Close to onset, a pattern of chevron-shaped streaks
    emerges in qualitative agreement with linear and weakly nonlinear theory. However,
    in experiments, the dynamics remain weakly chaotic, and the instability can be
    traced to far lower Reynolds numbers than permitted by theory. For increasing
    inertia, the flow undergoes a transformation to a wall mode composed of inclined
    near-wall streaks and shear layers. This mode persists to what is known as the
    “maximum drag reduction limit,” and overall EIT is found to dominate viscoelastic
    flows across more than three orders of magnitude in Reynolds number.
acknowledgement: We thank Y. Dubief, R. Kerswell, E. Marensi, V. Shankar, V. Steinberg,
  and V. Terrapon for discussions and helpful comments. A.V. and B.H. acknowledge
  funding from the Austrian Science Fund, grant I4188-N30, within the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
  research unit FOR 2688.
article_number: e2102350118
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: George H
  full_name: Choueiri, George H
  id: 448BD5BC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Choueiri
- first_name: Jose M
  full_name: Lopez Alonso, Jose M
  id: 40770848-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Lopez Alonso
  orcid: 0000-0002-0384-2022
- first_name: Atul
  full_name: Varshney, Atul
  id: 2A2006B2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Varshney
  orcid: 0000-0002-3072-5999
- first_name: Sarath
  full_name: Sankar, Sarath
  last_name: Sankar
- first_name: Björn
  full_name: Hof, Björn
  id: 3A374330-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Hof
  orcid: 0000-0003-2057-2754
citation:
  ama: Choueiri GH, Lopez Alonso JM, Varshney A, Sankar S, Hof B. Experimental observation
    of the origin and structure of elastoinertial turbulence. <i>Proceedings of the
    National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</i>. 2021;118(45).
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2102350118">10.1073/pnas.2102350118</a>
  apa: Choueiri, G. H., Lopez Alonso, J. M., Varshney, A., Sankar, S., &#38; Hof,
    B. (2021). Experimental observation of the origin and structure of elastoinertial
    turbulence. <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States
    of America</i>. National Academy of Sciences. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2102350118">https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2102350118</a>
  chicago: Choueiri, George H, Jose M Lopez Alonso, Atul Varshney, Sarath Sankar,
    and Björn Hof. “Experimental Observation of the Origin and Structure of Elastoinertial
    Turbulence.” <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United
    States of America</i>. National Academy of Sciences, 2021. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2102350118">https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2102350118</a>.
  ieee: G. H. Choueiri, J. M. Lopez Alonso, A. Varshney, S. Sankar, and B. Hof, “Experimental
    observation of the origin and structure of elastoinertial turbulence,” <i>Proceedings
    of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</i>, vol.
    118, no. 45. National Academy of Sciences, 2021.
  ista: Choueiri GH, Lopez Alonso JM, Varshney A, Sankar S, Hof B. 2021. Experimental
    observation of the origin and structure of elastoinertial turbulence. Proceedings
    of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 118(45),
    e2102350118.
  mla: Choueiri, George H., et al. “Experimental Observation of the Origin and Structure
    of Elastoinertial Turbulence.” <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    of the United States of America</i>, vol. 118, no. 45, e2102350118, National Academy
    of Sciences, 2021, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2102350118">10.1073/pnas.2102350118</a>.
  short: G.H. Choueiri, J.M. Lopez Alonso, A. Varshney, S. Sankar, B. Hof, Proceedings
    of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 118 (2021).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2021-11-17T13:24:24Z
date_published: 2021-11-03T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-10-26T23:30:51Z
day: '03'
department:
- _id: BjHo
doi: 10.1073/pnas.2102350118
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '2103.00023'
  isi:
  - '000720926900019'
  pmid:
  - ' 34732570'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2102350118
intvolume: '       118'
isi: 1
issue: '45'
keyword:
- multidisciplinary
- elastoinertial turbulence
- viscoelastic flows
- elastic instability
- drag reduction
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.00023
month: '11'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 238B8092-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E
  call_identifier: FWF
  grant_number: I04188
  name: Instabilities in pulsating pipe flow in complex fluids
publication: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States
  of America
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1091-6490
  issn:
  - 0027-8424
publication_status: published
publisher: National Academy of Sciences
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
  record:
  - id: '19906'
    relation: dissertation_contains
    status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Experimental observation of the origin and structure of elastoinertial turbulence
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 118
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '12188'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Molecular mechanisms enabling the switching and maintenance of epigenetic
    states are not fully understood. Distinct histone modifications are often associated
    with ON/OFF epigenetic states, but how these states are stably maintained through
    DNA replication, yet in certain situations switch from one to another remains
    unclear. Here, we address this problem through identification of Arabidopsis INCURVATA11
    (ICU11) as a Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 accessory protein. ICU11 robustly immunoprecipitated
    in vivo with PRC2 core components and the accessory proteins, EMBRYONIC FLOWER
    1 (EMF1), LIKE HETEROCHROMATIN PROTEIN1 (LHP1), and TELOMERE_REPEAT_BINDING FACTORS
    (TRBs). ICU11 encodes a 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase, an activity associated
    with histone demethylation in other organisms, and mutant plants show defects
    in multiple aspects of the Arabidopsis epigenome. To investigate its primary molecular
    function we identified the Arabidopsis FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) as a direct target
    and found icu11 disrupted the cold-induced, Polycomb-mediated silencing underlying
    vernalization. icu11 prevented reduction in H3K36me3 levels normally seen during
    the early cold phase, supporting a role for ICU11 in H3K36me3 demethylation. This
    was coincident with an attenuation of H3K27me3 at the internal nucleation site
    in FLC, and reduction in H3K27me3 levels across the body of the gene after plants
    were returned to the warm. Thus, ICU11 is required for the cold-induced epigenetic
    switching between the mutually exclusive chromatin states at FLC, from the active
    H3K36me3 state to the silenced H3K27me3 state. These data support the importance
    of physical coupling of histone modification activities to promote epigenetic
    switching between opposing chromatin states.
acknowledgement: We would like to thank Scott Berry for help with ICU-GFP nuclear
  localization microscopy, Hao Yu and Lisha Shen for assistance with 6mA DNA methylation
  analysis, Donna Gibson for graphic design assistance, and members of the C.D. and
  Howard laboratories for helpful discussions. This work was funded by the European
  Research Council grants to “MEXTIM” (to C.D.) and “SexMeth” (to X. Feng), by the
  Biotechnological and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) Institute Strategic
  Programmes GRO (BB/J004588/1), GEN (BB/P013511/1), BBSRC grant (to X. Feng) (BB/S009620/1),
  and the Marie Sklodowska–Curie Postdoctoral Fellowships “UNRAVEL” (to R.H.B.) and
  "WISDOM" (to X. Fang). Additional funding via the Wellcome Trust through a Senior
  Research Fellowship (to J.R.) (103139) and a multiuser equipment grant (108504).
  The Wellcome Centre for Cell Biology is supported by core funding from the Wellcome
  Trust (203149).
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Rebecca H.
  full_name: Bloomer, Rebecca H.
  last_name: Bloomer
- first_name: Claire E.
  full_name: Hutchison, Claire E.
  last_name: Hutchison
- first_name: Isabel
  full_name: Bäurle, Isabel
  last_name: Bäurle
- first_name: James
  full_name: Walker, James
  last_name: Walker
- first_name: Xiaofeng
  full_name: Fang, Xiaofeng
  last_name: Fang
- first_name: Pumi
  full_name: Perera, Pumi
  last_name: Perera
- first_name: Christos N.
  full_name: Velanis, Christos N.
  last_name: Velanis
- first_name: Serin
  full_name: Gümüs, Serin
  last_name: Gümüs
- first_name: Christos
  full_name: Spanos, Christos
  last_name: Spanos
- first_name: Juri
  full_name: Rappsilber, Juri
  last_name: Rappsilber
- first_name: Xiaoqi
  full_name: Feng, Xiaoqi
  id: e0164712-22ee-11ed-b12a-d80fcdf35958
  last_name: Feng
  orcid: 0000-0002-4008-1234
- first_name: Justin
  full_name: Goodrich, Justin
  last_name: Goodrich
- first_name: Caroline
  full_name: Dean, Caroline
  last_name: Dean
citation:
  ama: Bloomer RH, Hutchison CE, Bäurle I, et al. The  Arabidopsis epigenetic regulator
    ICU11 as an accessory protein of polycomb repressive complex 2. <i>Proceedings
    of the National Academy of Sciences</i>. 2020;117(28):16660-16666. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1920621117">10.1073/pnas.1920621117</a>
  apa: Bloomer, R. H., Hutchison, C. E., Bäurle, I., Walker, J., Fang, X., Perera,
    P., … Dean, C. (2020). The  Arabidopsis epigenetic regulator ICU11 as an accessory
    protein of polycomb repressive complex 2. <i>Proceedings of the National Academy
    of Sciences</i>. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1920621117">https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1920621117</a>
  chicago: Bloomer, Rebecca H., Claire E. Hutchison, Isabel Bäurle, James Walker,
    Xiaofeng Fang, Pumi Perera, Christos N. Velanis, et al. “The  Arabidopsis Epigenetic
    Regulator ICU11 as an Accessory Protein of Polycomb Repressive Complex 2.” <i>Proceedings
    of the National Academy of Sciences</i>. Proceedings of the National Academy of
    Sciences, 2020. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1920621117">https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1920621117</a>.
  ieee: R. H. Bloomer <i>et al.</i>, “The  Arabidopsis epigenetic regulator ICU11
    as an accessory protein of polycomb repressive complex 2,” <i>Proceedings of the
    National Academy of Sciences</i>, vol. 117, no. 28. Proceedings of the National
    Academy of Sciences, pp. 16660–16666, 2020.
  ista: Bloomer RH, Hutchison CE, Bäurle I, Walker J, Fang X, Perera P, Velanis CN,
    Gümüs S, Spanos C, Rappsilber J, Feng X, Goodrich J, Dean C. 2020. The  Arabidopsis
    epigenetic regulator ICU11 as an accessory protein of polycomb repressive complex
    2. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 117(28), 16660–16666.
  mla: Bloomer, Rebecca H., et al. “The  Arabidopsis Epigenetic Regulator ICU11 as
    an Accessory Protein of Polycomb Repressive Complex 2.” <i>Proceedings of the
    National Academy of Sciences</i>, vol. 117, no. 28, Proceedings of the National
    Academy of Sciences, 2020, pp. 16660–66, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1920621117">10.1073/pnas.1920621117</a>.
  short: R.H. Bloomer, C.E. Hutchison, I. Bäurle, J. Walker, X. Fang, P. Perera, C.N.
    Velanis, S. Gümüs, C. Spanos, J. Rappsilber, X. Feng, J. Goodrich, C. Dean, Proceedings
    of the National Academy of Sciences 117 (2020) 16660–16666.
date_created: 2023-01-16T09:15:44Z
date_published: 2020-05-22T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-05-08T10:53:55Z
day: '22'
ddc:
- '580'
department:
- _id: XiFe
doi: 10.1073/pnas.1920621117
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '32601198'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: cedee184cb12f454f2fba4158ff47db9
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: alisjak
  date_created: 2023-02-07T11:29:55Z
  date_updated: 2023-02-07T11:29:55Z
  file_id: '12526'
  file_name: 2020_PNAS_Bloomer.pdf
  file_size: 1105414
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2023-02-07T11:29:55Z
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1920621117
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '       117'
issue: '28'
keyword:
- Multidisciplinary
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7368280/
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 16660-16666
pmid: 1
publication: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0027-8424
  - 1091-6490
publication_status: published
publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: The  Arabidopsis epigenetic regulator ICU11 as an accessory protein of polycomb
  repressive complex 2
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 117
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '15142'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Bacteria and archaea employ CRISPR (clustered, regularly, interspaced, short
    palindromic repeats)-Cas (CRISPR-associated) systems as a type of adaptive immunity
    to target and degrade foreign nucleic acids. While a myriad of CRISPR-Cas systems
    have been identified to date, type I-C is one of the most commonly found subtypes
    in nature. Interestingly, the type I-C system employs a minimal Cascade effector
    complex, which encodes only three unique subunits in its operon. Here, we present
    a 3.1 Å resolution cryo-EM structure of the <jats:italic>Desulfovibrio vulgaris</jats:italic>
    type I-C Cascade, revealing the molecular mechanisms that underlie RNA-directed
    complex assembly. We demonstrate how this minimal Cascade utilizes previously
    overlooked, non-canonical small subunits to stabilize R-loop formation. Furthermore,
    we describe putative PAM and Cas3 binding sites. These findings provide the structural
    basis for harnessing the type I-C Cascade as a genome-engineering tool.
article_number: '5931'
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Roisin E.
  full_name: O’Brien, Roisin E.
  last_name: O’Brien
- first_name: Inês C.
  full_name: Santos, Inês C.
  last_name: Santos
- first_name: Daniel
  full_name: Wrapp, Daniel
  last_name: Wrapp
- first_name: Jack Peter Kelly
  full_name: Bravo, Jack Peter Kelly
  id: 96aecfa5-8931-11ee-af30-aa6a5d6eee0e
  last_name: Bravo
  orcid: 0000-0003-0456-0753
- first_name: Evan A.
  full_name: Schwartz, Evan A.
  last_name: Schwartz
- first_name: Jennifer S.
  full_name: Brodbelt, Jennifer S.
  last_name: Brodbelt
- first_name: David W.
  full_name: Taylor, David W.
  last_name: Taylor
citation:
  ama: O’Brien RE, Santos IC, Wrapp D, et al. Structural basis for assembly of non-canonical
    small subunits into type I-C Cascade. <i>Nature Communications</i>. 2020;11. doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19785-8">10.1038/s41467-020-19785-8</a>
  apa: O’Brien, R. E., Santos, I. C., Wrapp, D., Bravo, J. P. K., Schwartz, E. A.,
    Brodbelt, J. S., &#38; Taylor, D. W. (2020). Structural basis for assembly of
    non-canonical small subunits into type I-C Cascade. <i>Nature Communications</i>.
    Springer Nature. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19785-8">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19785-8</a>
  chicago: O’Brien, Roisin E., Inês C. Santos, Daniel Wrapp, Jack Peter Kelly Bravo,
    Evan A. Schwartz, Jennifer S. Brodbelt, and David W. Taylor. “Structural Basis
    for Assembly of Non-Canonical Small Subunits into Type I-C Cascade.” <i>Nature
    Communications</i>. Springer Nature, 2020. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19785-8">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19785-8</a>.
  ieee: R. E. O’Brien <i>et al.</i>, “Structural basis for assembly of non-canonical
    small subunits into type I-C Cascade,” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 11.
    Springer Nature, 2020.
  ista: O’Brien RE, Santos IC, Wrapp D, Bravo JPK, Schwartz EA, Brodbelt JS, Taylor
    DW. 2020. Structural basis for assembly of non-canonical small subunits into type
    I-C Cascade. Nature Communications. 11, 5931.
  mla: O’Brien, Roisin E., et al. “Structural Basis for Assembly of Non-Canonical
    Small Subunits into Type I-C Cascade.” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 11,
    5931, Springer Nature, 2020, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19785-8">10.1038/s41467-020-19785-8</a>.
  short: R.E. O’Brien, I.C. Santos, D. Wrapp, J.P.K. Bravo, E.A. Schwartz, J.S. Brodbelt,
    D.W. Taylor, Nature Communications 11 (2020).
date_created: 2024-03-20T10:43:07Z
date_published: 2020-11-23T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-06-04T05:52:51Z
day: '23'
doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-19785-8
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '33230133'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19785-8
intvolume: '        11'
keyword:
- General Physics and Astronomy
- General Biochemistry
- Genetics and Molecular Biology
- General Chemistry
- Multidisciplinary
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19785-8
month: '11'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
publication: Nature Communications
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2041-1723
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Structural basis for assembly of non-canonical small subunits into type I-C
  Cascade
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 11
year: '2020'
...
---
DOAJ_listed: '1'
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
_id: '10342'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The blood-brain barrier is made of polarized brain endothelial cells (BECs)
    phenotypically conditioned by the central nervous system (CNS). Although transport
    across BECs is of paramount importance for nutrient uptake as well as ridding
    the brain of waste products, the intracellular sorting mechanisms that regulate
    successful receptor-mediated transcytosis in BECs remain to be elucidated. Here,
    we used a synthetic multivalent system with tunable avidity to the low-density
    lipoprotein receptor–related protein 1 (LRP1) to investigate the mechanisms of
    transport across BECs. We used a combination of conventional and super-resolution
    microscopy, both in vivo and in vitro, accompanied with biophysical modeling of
    transport kinetics and membrane-bound interactions to elucidate the role of membrane-sculpting
    protein syndapin-2 on fast transport via tubule formation. We show that high-avidity
    cargo biases the LRP1 toward internalization associated with fast degradation,
    while mid-avidity augments the formation of syndapin-2 tubular carriers promoting
    a fast shuttling across.
acknowledgement: 'Funding: G.B. thanks the ERC for the starting grant (MEViC 278793)
  and consolidator award (CheSSTaG 769798), EPSRC/BTG Healthcare Partnership (EP/I001697/1),
  EPSRC Established Career Fellowship (EP/N026322/1), EPSRC/SomaNautix Healthcare
  Partnership EP/R024723/1, and Children with Cancer UK for the research project (16-227).
  X.T. and G.B. thank that Anhui 100 Talent program for facilitating data sharing
  and research visits. A.D.-C. and L.R. acknowledge the Royal Society for a Newton
  fellowship and the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions for a European Fellowship. Author
  contributions: X.T. prepared and characterized POs, performed all the fast imaging
  in both conventional and STED microscopy, set up the initial BBB model, encapsulated
  the PtA2 in POs, and supervised the PtA2-PO animal work. D.M.L. prepared and characterized
  POs; performed all the permeability studies, PLA assays, WB and associated data
  analysis, and part of the colocalization assays; and performed experiments with
  the shRNA for knockdown of syndapin-2. E.S. prepared and characterized POs and performed
  part of colocalization assays and Cy7-labeled PO animal experiments. S.N. prepared
  and characterized POs and performed part of the colocalization and inhibition assays.
  G.F. designed, performed, and analyzed the agent-based simulations of transcytosis.
  J.F. designed the image-based algorithm to analyze the PLA data. D.M. prepared and
  characterized POs and helped with Cy7-labeled PO animal experiments. A.A. performed
  TEM imaging of the POs. A.P. and A.D.-C. synthesized the dye- and peptide-functionalized
  and pristine copolymers. M.V., L.H.-K., and A.Š. designed, performed, and analyzed
  the MD simulations. Z.Z. supervised and supported STED imaging. P.X., B.F., and
  Y.T. synthesized and characterized the PtA2 compound. L.L. performed some of the
  animal work. L.R. supported and helped with the BBB characterization. G.B. analyzed
  all fast imaging and supervised and coordinated the overall work. X.T., D.M.L.,
  E.S., and G.B. wrote the manuscript. Competing interests: The authors declare that
  part of the work is associated with the UCL spin-out company SomaNautix Ltd. Data
  and materials availability: All data needed to evaluate the conclusions in the paper
  are present in the paper and/or the Supplementary Materials. Additional data related
  to this paper may be requested from the authors.'
article_number: 'eabc4397 '
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Xiaohe
  full_name: Tian, Xiaohe
  last_name: Tian
- first_name: Diana M.
  full_name: Leite, Diana M.
  last_name: Leite
- first_name: Edoardo
  full_name: Scarpa, Edoardo
  last_name: Scarpa
- first_name: Sophie
  full_name: Nyberg, Sophie
  last_name: Nyberg
- first_name: Gavin
  full_name: Fullstone, Gavin
  last_name: Fullstone
- first_name: Joe
  full_name: Forth, Joe
  last_name: Forth
- first_name: Diana
  full_name: Matias, Diana
  last_name: Matias
- first_name: Azzurra
  full_name: Apriceno, Azzurra
  last_name: Apriceno
- first_name: Alessandro
  full_name: Poma, Alessandro
  last_name: Poma
- first_name: Aroa
  full_name: Duro-Castano, Aroa
  last_name: Duro-Castano
- first_name: Manish
  full_name: Vuyyuru, Manish
  last_name: Vuyyuru
- first_name: Lena
  full_name: Harker-Kirschneck, Lena
  last_name: Harker-Kirschneck
- first_name: Anđela
  full_name: Šarić, Anđela
  id: bf63d406-f056-11eb-b41d-f263a6566d8b
  last_name: Šarić
  orcid: 0000-0002-7854-2139
- first_name: Zhongping
  full_name: Zhang, Zhongping
  last_name: Zhang
- first_name: Pan
  full_name: Xiang, Pan
  last_name: Xiang
- first_name: Bin
  full_name: Fang, Bin
  last_name: Fang
- first_name: Yupeng
  full_name: Tian, Yupeng
  last_name: Tian
- first_name: Lei
  full_name: Luo, Lei
  last_name: Luo
- first_name: Loris
  full_name: Rizzello, Loris
  last_name: Rizzello
- first_name: Giuseppe
  full_name: Battaglia, Giuseppe
  last_name: Battaglia
citation:
  ama: 'Tian X, Leite DM, Scarpa E, et al. On the shuttling across the blood-brain
    barrier via tubule formation: Mechanism and cargo avidity bias. <i>Science Advances</i>.
    2020;6(48). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abc4397">10.1126/sciadv.abc4397</a>'
  apa: 'Tian, X., Leite, D. M., Scarpa, E., Nyberg, S., Fullstone, G., Forth, J.,
    … Battaglia, G. (2020). On the shuttling across the blood-brain barrier via tubule
    formation: Mechanism and cargo avidity bias. <i>Science Advances</i>. American
    Association for the Advancement of Science. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abc4397">https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abc4397</a>'
  chicago: 'Tian, Xiaohe, Diana M. Leite, Edoardo Scarpa, Sophie Nyberg, Gavin Fullstone,
    Joe Forth, Diana Matias, et al. “On the Shuttling across the Blood-Brain Barrier
    via Tubule Formation: Mechanism and Cargo Avidity Bias.” <i>Science Advances</i>.
    American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2020. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abc4397">https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abc4397</a>.'
  ieee: 'X. Tian <i>et al.</i>, “On the shuttling across the blood-brain barrier via
    tubule formation: Mechanism and cargo avidity bias,” <i>Science Advances</i>,
    vol. 6, no. 48. American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2020.'
  ista: 'Tian X, Leite DM, Scarpa E, Nyberg S, Fullstone G, Forth J, Matias D, Apriceno
    A, Poma A, Duro-Castano A, Vuyyuru M, Harker-Kirschneck L, Šarić A, Zhang Z, Xiang
    P, Fang B, Tian Y, Luo L, Rizzello L, Battaglia G. 2020. On the shuttling across
    the blood-brain barrier via tubule formation: Mechanism and cargo avidity bias.
    Science Advances. 6(48), eabc4397.'
  mla: 'Tian, Xiaohe, et al. “On the Shuttling across the Blood-Brain Barrier via
    Tubule Formation: Mechanism and Cargo Avidity Bias.” <i>Science Advances</i>,
    vol. 6, no. 48, eabc4397, American Association for the Advancement of Science,
    2020, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abc4397">10.1126/sciadv.abc4397</a>.'
  short: X. Tian, D.M. Leite, E. Scarpa, S. Nyberg, G. Fullstone, J. Forth, D. Matias,
    A. Apriceno, A. Poma, A. Duro-Castano, M. Vuyyuru, L. Harker-Kirschneck, A. Šarić,
    Z. Zhang, P. Xiang, B. Fang, Y. Tian, L. Luo, L. Rizzello, G. Battaglia, Science
    Advances 6 (2020).
date_created: 2021-11-26T06:40:28Z
date_published: 2020-11-27T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-10-16T12:56:52Z
day: '27'
ddc:
- '611'
doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abc4397
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '33246953'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: 3ba2eca975930cdb0b1ce1ae876885a7
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: cchlebak
  date_created: 2021-11-26T06:50:09Z
  date_updated: 2021-11-26T06:50:09Z
  file_id: '10343'
  file_name: 2020_SciAdv_Tian.pdf
  file_size: 10381298
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2021-11-26T06:50:09Z
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abc4397
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '         6'
issue: '48'
keyword:
- multidisciplinary
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.04.04.025866v1
month: '11'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
publication: Science Advances
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2375-2548
publication_status: published
publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'On the shuttling across the blood-brain barrier via tubule formation: Mechanism
  and cargo avidity bias'
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 0043cee0-e5fc-11ee-9736-f83bc23afbf0
volume: 6
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '10347'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Understanding the mechanism of action of compounds capable of inhibiting amyloid-fibril
    formation is critical to the development of potential therapeutics against protein-misfolding
    diseases. A fundamental challenge for progress is the range of possible target
    species and the disparate timescales involved, since the aggregating proteins
    are simultaneously the reactants, products, intermediates, and catalysts of the
    reaction. It is a complex problem, therefore, to choose the states of the aggregating
    proteins that should be bound by the compounds to achieve the most potent inhibition.
    We present here a comprehensive kinetic theory of amyloid-aggregation inhibition
    that reveals the fundamental thermodynamic and kinetic signatures characterizing
    effective inhibitors by identifying quantitative relationships between the aggregation
    and binding rate constants. These results provide general physical laws to guide
    the design and optimization of inhibitors of amyloid-fibril formation, revealing
    in particular the important role of on-rates in the binding of the inhibitors.
acknowledgement: We acknowledge support from Peterhouse, Cambridge (T.C.T.M.); the
  Swiss National Science Foundation (T.C.T.M.); the Royal Society (A.S. and S.C.);
  the Academy of Medical Sciences (A.S.); Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge (G.M.);
  Newnham College, Cambridge (G.T.H.); the Wellcome Trust (T.P.J.K.); the Cambridge
  Center for Misfolding Diseases (T.P.J.K. and M.V.); the Biotechnology and Biological
  Sciences Research Council (T.P.J.K.); the Frances and Augustus Newman Foundation
  (T.P.J.K.); and the Synapsis Foundation for Alzheimer’s disease (P.A.). The research
  leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council
  (ERC) under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) through
  the ERC Grant PhysProt (Agreement 337969).
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Thomas C. T.
  full_name: Michaels, Thomas C. T.
  last_name: Michaels
- first_name: Anđela
  full_name: Šarić, Anđela
  id: bf63d406-f056-11eb-b41d-f263a6566d8b
  last_name: Šarić
  orcid: 0000-0002-7854-2139
- first_name: Georg
  full_name: Meisl, Georg
  last_name: Meisl
- first_name: Gabriella T.
  full_name: Heller, Gabriella T.
  last_name: Heller
- first_name: Samo
  full_name: Curk, Samo
  last_name: Curk
- first_name: Paolo
  full_name: Arosio, Paolo
  last_name: Arosio
- first_name: Sara
  full_name: Linse, Sara
  last_name: Linse
- first_name: Christopher M.
  full_name: Dobson, Christopher M.
  last_name: Dobson
- first_name: Michele
  full_name: Vendruscolo, Michele
  last_name: Vendruscolo
- first_name: Tuomas P. J.
  full_name: Knowles, Tuomas P. J.
  last_name: Knowles
citation:
  ama: Michaels TCT, Šarić A, Meisl G, et al. Thermodynamic and kinetic design principles
    for amyloid-aggregation inhibitors. <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of
    Sciences</i>. 2020;117(39):24251-24257. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2006684117">10.1073/pnas.2006684117</a>
  apa: Michaels, T. C. T., Šarić, A., Meisl, G., Heller, G. T., Curk, S., Arosio,
    P., … Knowles, T. P. J. (2020). Thermodynamic and kinetic design principles for
    amyloid-aggregation inhibitors. <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</i>.
    National Academy of Sciences. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2006684117">https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2006684117</a>
  chicago: Michaels, Thomas C. T., Anđela Šarić, Georg Meisl, Gabriella T. Heller,
    Samo Curk, Paolo Arosio, Sara Linse, Christopher M. Dobson, Michele Vendruscolo,
    and Tuomas P. J. Knowles. “Thermodynamic and Kinetic Design Principles for Amyloid-Aggregation
    Inhibitors.” <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</i>. National
    Academy of Sciences, 2020. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2006684117">https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2006684117</a>.
  ieee: T. C. T. Michaels <i>et al.</i>, “Thermodynamic and kinetic design principles
    for amyloid-aggregation inhibitors,” <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of
    Sciences</i>, vol. 117, no. 39. National Academy of Sciences, pp. 24251–24257,
    2020.
  ista: Michaels TCT, Šarić A, Meisl G, Heller GT, Curk S, Arosio P, Linse S, Dobson
    CM, Vendruscolo M, Knowles TPJ. 2020. Thermodynamic and kinetic design principles
    for amyloid-aggregation inhibitors. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
    117(39), 24251–24257.
  mla: Michaels, Thomas C. T., et al. “Thermodynamic and Kinetic Design Principles
    for Amyloid-Aggregation Inhibitors.” <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of
    Sciences</i>, vol. 117, no. 39, National Academy of Sciences, 2020, pp. 24251–57,
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2006684117">10.1073/pnas.2006684117</a>.
  short: T.C.T. Michaels, A. Šarić, G. Meisl, G.T. Heller, S. Curk, P. Arosio, S.
    Linse, C.M. Dobson, M. Vendruscolo, T.P.J. Knowles, Proceedings of the National
    Academy of Sciences 117 (2020) 24251–24257.
date_created: 2021-11-26T07:48:27Z
date_published: 2020-09-14T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-11-26T08:59:06Z
day: '14'
doi: 10.1073/pnas.2006684117
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '32929030'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2006684117
intvolume: '       117'
issue: '39'
keyword:
- multidisciplinary
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.02.22.960716
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 24251-24257
pmid: 1
publication: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1091-6490
  issn:
  - 0027-8424
publication_status: published
publisher: National Academy of Sciences
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Thermodynamic and kinetic design principles for amyloid-aggregation inhibitors
type: journal_article
user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9
volume: 117
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '10349'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Sulfolobus acidocaldarius is the closest experimentally tractable archaeal
    relative of eukaryotes and, despite lacking obvious cyclin-dependent kinase and
    cyclin homologs, has an ordered eukaryote-like cell cycle with distinct phases
    of DNA replication and division. Here, in exploring the mechanism of cell division
    in S. acidocaldarius, we identify a role for the archaeal proteasome in regulating
    the transition from the end of one cell cycle to the beginning of the next. Further,
    we identify the archaeal ESCRT-III homolog, CdvB, as a key target of the proteasome
    and show that its degradation triggers division by allowing constriction of the
    CdvB1:CdvB2 ESCRT-III division ring. These findings offer a minimal mechanism
    for ESCRT-III–mediated membrane remodeling and point to a conserved role for the
    proteasome in eukaryotic and archaeal cell cycle control.
acknowledgement: "We thank the MRC LMCB at UCL for their support; the flow cytometry
  STP at the Francis Crick Institute for assistance, with special thanks to S. Purewal
  and D. Davis; C. Bertoli for mentorship\r\nand advice; J. M. Garcia-Arcos for help
  early on in this project; the entire Baum lab for their input throughout the project;
  the Albers lab for advice and reagents, with special thanks to M. Van Wolferen and
  S. Albers; the members of the Wellcome consortium for archaeal cytoskeleton studies
  for advice and comments; and J. Löwe, S. Oliferenko, M. Balasubramanian, and D.
  Gerlich for discussions and advice on the manuscript. N.P.R. and S.B. would like
  to thank N. Rzechorzek, A. Simon, and S. Anjum for discussion and advice."
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Gabriel
  full_name: Tarrason Risa, Gabriel
  last_name: Tarrason Risa
- first_name: Fredrik
  full_name: Hurtig, Fredrik
  last_name: Hurtig
- first_name: Sian
  full_name: Bray, Sian
  last_name: Bray
- first_name: Anne E.
  full_name: Hafner, Anne E.
  last_name: Hafner
- first_name: Lena
  full_name: Harker-Kirschneck, Lena
  last_name: Harker-Kirschneck
- first_name: Peter
  full_name: Faull, Peter
  last_name: Faull
- first_name: Colin
  full_name: Davis, Colin
  last_name: Davis
- first_name: Dimitra
  full_name: Papatziamou, Dimitra
  last_name: Papatziamou
- first_name: Delyan R.
  full_name: Mutavchiev, Delyan R.
  last_name: Mutavchiev
- first_name: Catherine
  full_name: Fan, Catherine
  last_name: Fan
- first_name: Leticia
  full_name: Meneguello, Leticia
  last_name: Meneguello
- first_name: Andre
  full_name: Arashiro Pulschen, Andre
  last_name: Arashiro Pulschen
- first_name: Gautam
  full_name: Dey, Gautam
  last_name: Dey
- first_name: Siân
  full_name: Culley, Siân
  last_name: Culley
- first_name: Mairi
  full_name: Kilkenny, Mairi
  last_name: Kilkenny
- first_name: Diorge P.
  full_name: Souza, Diorge P.
  last_name: Souza
- first_name: Luca
  full_name: Pellegrini, Luca
  last_name: Pellegrini
- first_name: Robertus A. M.
  full_name: de Bruin, Robertus A. M.
  last_name: de Bruin
- first_name: Ricardo
  full_name: Henriques, Ricardo
  last_name: Henriques
- first_name: Ambrosius P.
  full_name: Snijders, Ambrosius P.
  last_name: Snijders
- first_name: Anđela
  full_name: Šarić, Anđela
  id: bf63d406-f056-11eb-b41d-f263a6566d8b
  last_name: Šarić
  orcid: 0000-0002-7854-2139
- first_name: Ann-Christin
  full_name: Lindås, Ann-Christin
  last_name: Lindås
- first_name: Nicholas P.
  full_name: Robinson, Nicholas P.
  last_name: Robinson
- first_name: Buzz
  full_name: Baum, Buzz
  last_name: Baum
citation:
  ama: Tarrason Risa G, Hurtig F, Bray S, et al. The proteasome controls ESCRT-III–mediated
    cell division in an archaeon. <i>Science</i>. 2020;369(6504). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaz2532">10.1126/science.aaz2532</a>
  apa: Tarrason Risa, G., Hurtig, F., Bray, S., Hafner, A. E., Harker-Kirschneck,
    L., Faull, P., … Baum, B. (2020). The proteasome controls ESCRT-III–mediated cell
    division in an archaeon. <i>Science</i>. American Association for the Advancement
    of Science. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaz2532">https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaz2532</a>
  chicago: Tarrason Risa, Gabriel, Fredrik Hurtig, Sian Bray, Anne E. Hafner, Lena
    Harker-Kirschneck, Peter Faull, Colin Davis, et al. “The Proteasome Controls ESCRT-III–Mediated
    Cell Division in an Archaeon.” <i>Science</i>. American Association for the Advancement
    of Science, 2020. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaz2532">https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaz2532</a>.
  ieee: G. Tarrason Risa <i>et al.</i>, “The proteasome controls ESCRT-III–mediated
    cell division in an archaeon,” <i>Science</i>, vol. 369, no. 6504. American Association
    for the Advancement of Science, 2020.
  ista: Tarrason Risa G, Hurtig F, Bray S, Hafner AE, Harker-Kirschneck L, Faull P,
    Davis C, Papatziamou D, Mutavchiev DR, Fan C, Meneguello L, Arashiro Pulschen
    A, Dey G, Culley S, Kilkenny M, Souza DP, Pellegrini L, de Bruin RAM, Henriques
    R, Snijders AP, Šarić A, Lindås A-C, Robinson NP, Baum B. 2020. The proteasome
    controls ESCRT-III–mediated cell division in an archaeon. Science. 369(6504).
  mla: Tarrason Risa, Gabriel, et al. “The Proteasome Controls ESCRT-III–Mediated
    Cell Division in an Archaeon.” <i>Science</i>, vol. 369, no. 6504, American Association
    for the Advancement of Science, 2020, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaz2532">10.1126/science.aaz2532</a>.
  short: G. Tarrason Risa, F. Hurtig, S. Bray, A.E. Hafner, L. Harker-Kirschneck,
    P. Faull, C. Davis, D. Papatziamou, D.R. Mutavchiev, C. Fan, L. Meneguello, A.
    Arashiro Pulschen, G. Dey, S. Culley, M. Kilkenny, D.P. Souza, L. Pellegrini,
    R.A.M. de Bruin, R. Henriques, A.P. Snijders, A. Šarić, A.-C. Lindås, N.P. Robinson,
    B. Baum, Science 369 (2020).
date_created: 2021-11-26T08:21:34Z
date_published: 2020-08-07T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-11-26T08:58:33Z
day: '07'
doi: 10.1126/science.aaz2532
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '32764038'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaz2532
intvolume: '       369'
issue: '6504'
keyword:
- multidisciplinary
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/774273v1
month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
pmid: 1
publication: Science
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1095-9203
  issn:
  - 0036-8075
publication_status: published
publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: The proteasome controls ESCRT-III–mediated cell division in an archaeon
type: journal_article
user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9
volume: 369
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '10618'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Magnetism typically arises from the joint effect of Fermi statistics and repulsive
    Coulomb interactions, which favours ground states with non-zero electron spin.
    As a result, controlling spin magnetism with electric fields—a longstanding technological
    goal in spintronics and multiferroics1,2—can be achieved only indirectly. Here
    we experimentally demonstrate direct electric-field control of magnetic states
    in an orbital Chern insulator3,4,5,6, a magnetic system in which non-trivial band
    topology favours long-range order of orbital angular momentum but the spins are
    thought to remain disordered7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14. We use van der Waals heterostructures
    consisting of a graphene monolayer rotationally faulted with respect to a Bernal-stacked
    bilayer to realize narrow and topologically non-trivial valley-projected moiré
    minibands15,16,17. At fillings of one and three electrons per moiré unit cell
    within these bands, we observe quantized anomalous Hall effects18 with transverse
    resistance approximately equal to h/2e2 (where h is Planck’s constant and e is
    the charge on the electron), which is indicative of spontaneous polarization of
    the system into a single-valley-projected band with a Chern number equal to two.
    At a filling of three electrons per moiré unit cell, we find that the sign of
    the quantum anomalous Hall effect can be reversed via field-effect control of
    the chemical potential; moreover, this transition is hysteretic, which we use
    to demonstrate non-volatile electric-field-induced reversal of the magnetic state.
    A theoretical analysis19 indicates that the effect arises from the topological
    edge states, which drive a change in sign of the magnetization and thus a reversal
    in the favoured magnetic state. Voltage control of magnetic states can be used
    to electrically pattern non-volatile magnetic-domain structures hosting chiral
    edge states, with applications ranging from reconfigurable microwave circuit elements
    to ultralow-power magnetic memories.
acknowledgement: We acknowledge discussions with J. Checkelsky, S. Chen, C. Dean,
  M. Yankowitz, D. Reilly, I. Sodemann and M. Zaletel. Work at UCSB was primarily
  supported by the ARO under MURI W911NF-16-1-0361. Measurements of twisted bilayer
  graphene (Extended Data Fig. 8) and measurements at elevated temperatures (Extended
  Data Fig. 3) were supported by a SEED grant and made use of shared facilities of
  the UCSB MRSEC (NSF DMR 1720256), a member of the Materials Research Facilities
  Network (www.mrfn.org). A.F.Y. acknowledges the support of the David and Lucille
  Packard Foundation under award 2016-65145. A.H.M. and J.Z. were supported by the
  National Science Foundation through the Center for Dynamics and Control of Materials,
  an NSF MRSEC under Cooperative Agreement number DMR-1720595, and by the Welch Foundation
  under grant TBF1473. C.L.T. acknowledges support from the Hertz Foundation and from
  the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program under grant
  1650114. K.W. and T.T. acknowledge support from the Elemental Strategy Initiative
  conducted by the MEXT, Japan, Grant Number JPMXP0112101001, JSPS KAKENHI grant numbers
  JP20H00354 and the CREST(JPMJCR15F3), JST.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Hryhoriy
  full_name: Polshyn, Hryhoriy
  id: edfc7cb1-526e-11ec-b05a-e6ecc27e4e48
  last_name: Polshyn
  orcid: 0000-0001-8223-8896
- first_name: J.
  full_name: Zhu, J.
  last_name: Zhu
- first_name: M. A.
  full_name: Kumar, M. A.
  last_name: Kumar
- first_name: Y.
  full_name: Zhang, Y.
  last_name: Zhang
- first_name: F.
  full_name: Yang, F.
  last_name: Yang
- first_name: C. L.
  full_name: Tschirhart, C. L.
  last_name: Tschirhart
- first_name: M.
  full_name: Serlin, M.
  last_name: Serlin
- first_name: K.
  full_name: Watanabe, K.
  last_name: Watanabe
- first_name: T.
  full_name: Taniguchi, T.
  last_name: Taniguchi
- first_name: A. H.
  full_name: MacDonald, A. H.
  last_name: MacDonald
- first_name: A. F.
  full_name: Young, A. F.
  last_name: Young
citation:
  ama: Polshyn H, Zhu J, Kumar MA, et al. Electrical switching of magnetic order in
    an orbital Chern insulator. <i>Nature</i>. 2020;588(7836):66-70. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2963-8">10.1038/s41586-020-2963-8</a>
  apa: Polshyn, H., Zhu, J., Kumar, M. A., Zhang, Y., Yang, F., Tschirhart, C. L.,
    … Young, A. F. (2020). Electrical switching of magnetic order in an orbital Chern
    insulator. <i>Nature</i>. Springer Nature. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2963-8">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2963-8</a>
  chicago: Polshyn, Hryhoriy, J. Zhu, M. A. Kumar, Y. Zhang, F. Yang, C. L. Tschirhart,
    M. Serlin, et al. “Electrical Switching of Magnetic Order in an Orbital Chern
    Insulator.” <i>Nature</i>. Springer Nature, 2020. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2963-8">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2963-8</a>.
  ieee: H. Polshyn <i>et al.</i>, “Electrical switching of magnetic order in an orbital
    Chern insulator,” <i>Nature</i>, vol. 588, no. 7836. Springer Nature, pp. 66–70,
    2020.
  ista: Polshyn H, Zhu J, Kumar MA, Zhang Y, Yang F, Tschirhart CL, Serlin M, Watanabe
    K, Taniguchi T, MacDonald AH, Young AF. 2020. Electrical switching of magnetic
    order in an orbital Chern insulator. Nature. 588(7836), 66–70.
  mla: Polshyn, Hryhoriy, et al. “Electrical Switching of Magnetic Order in an Orbital
    Chern Insulator.” <i>Nature</i>, vol. 588, no. 7836, Springer Nature, 2020, pp.
    66–70, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2963-8">10.1038/s41586-020-2963-8</a>.
  short: H. Polshyn, J. Zhu, M.A. Kumar, Y. Zhang, F. Yang, C.L. Tschirhart, M. Serlin,
    K. Watanabe, T. Taniguchi, A.H. MacDonald, A.F. Young, Nature 588 (2020) 66–70.
date_created: 2022-01-13T14:12:17Z
date_published: 2020-11-23T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2022-01-13T14:21:04Z
day: '23'
doi: 10.1038/s41586-020-2963-8
extern: '1'
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '2004.11353'
  pmid:
  - '33230333'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2963-8
intvolume: '       588'
issue: '7836'
keyword:
- multidisciplinary
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.11353
month: '11'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 66-70
pmid: 1
publication: Nature
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1476-4687
  issn:
  - 0028-0836
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Electrical switching of magnetic order in an orbital Chern insulator
type: journal_article
user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9
volume: 588
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '8680'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Animal development entails the organization of specific cell types in space
    and time, and spatial patterns must form in a robust manner. In the zebrafish
    spinal cord, neural progenitors form stereotypic patterns despite noisy morphogen
    signaling and large-scale cellular rearrangements during morphogenesis and growth.
    By directly measuring adhesion forces and preferences for three types of endogenous
    neural progenitors, we provide evidence for the differential adhesion model in
    which differences in intercellular adhesion mediate cell sorting. Cell type–specific
    combinatorial expression of different classes of cadherins (N-cadherin, cadherin
    11, and protocadherin 19) results in homotypic preference ex vivo and patterning
    robustness in vivo. Furthermore, the differential adhesion code is regulated by
    the sonic hedgehog morphogen gradient. We propose that robust patterning during
    tissue morphogenesis results from interplay between adhesion-based self-organization
    and morphogen-directed patterning.
acknowledgement: "We thank the members of the Megason and Heisenberg labs for critical
  discussions of and technical assistance during the work and B. Appel, S. Holley,
  J. Jontes, and D. Gilmour for transgenic fish. This work is supported by the Damon
  Runyon Cancer Foundation, a NICHD K99 fellowship (1K99HD092623), a Travelling Fellowship
  of the Company of Biologists, a Collaborative Research grant from the Burroughs
  Wellcome Foundation (T.Y.-C.T.), NIH grant  01GM107733 (T.Y.-C.T. and S.G.M.), NIH
  grant R01NS102322 (T.C.-C. and H.K.), and an ERC advanced grant\r\n(MECSPEC) (C.-P.H.)."
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Tony Y.-C.
  full_name: Tsai, Tony Y.-C.
  last_name: Tsai
- first_name: Mateusz K
  full_name: Sikora, Mateusz K
  id: 2F74BCDE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Sikora
- first_name: Peng
  full_name: Xia, Peng
  id: 4AB6C7D0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Xia
  orcid: 0000-0002-5419-7756
- first_name: Tugba
  full_name: Colak-Champollion, Tugba
  last_name: Colak-Champollion
- first_name: Holger
  full_name: Knaut, Holger
  last_name: Knaut
- first_name: Carl-Philipp J
  full_name: Heisenberg, Carl-Philipp J
  id: 39427864-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Heisenberg
  orcid: 0000-0002-0912-4566
- first_name: Sean G.
  full_name: Megason, Sean G.
  last_name: Megason
citation:
  ama: Tsai TY-C, Sikora MK, Xia P, et al. An adhesion code ensures robust pattern
    formation during tissue morphogenesis. <i>Science</i>. 2020;370(6512):113-116.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aba6637">10.1126/science.aba6637</a>
  apa: Tsai, T. Y.-C., Sikora, M. K., Xia, P., Colak-Champollion, T., Knaut, H., Heisenberg,
    C.-P. J., &#38; Megason, S. G. (2020). An adhesion code ensures robust pattern
    formation during tissue morphogenesis. <i>Science</i>. American Association for
    the Advancement of Science. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aba6637">https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aba6637</a>
  chicago: Tsai, Tony Y.-C., Mateusz K Sikora, Peng Xia, Tugba Colak-Champollion,
    Holger Knaut, Carl-Philipp J Heisenberg, and Sean G. Megason. “An Adhesion Code
    Ensures Robust Pattern Formation during Tissue Morphogenesis.” <i>Science</i>.
    American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2020. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aba6637">https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aba6637</a>.
  ieee: T. Y.-C. Tsai <i>et al.</i>, “An adhesion code ensures robust pattern formation
    during tissue morphogenesis,” <i>Science</i>, vol. 370, no. 6512. American Association
    for the Advancement of Science, pp. 113–116, 2020.
  ista: Tsai TY-C, Sikora MK, Xia P, Colak-Champollion T, Knaut H, Heisenberg C-PJ,
    Megason SG. 2020. An adhesion code ensures robust pattern formation during tissue
    morphogenesis. Science. 370(6512), 113–116.
  mla: Tsai, Tony Y. C., et al. “An Adhesion Code Ensures Robust Pattern Formation
    during Tissue Morphogenesis.” <i>Science</i>, vol. 370, no. 6512, American Association
    for the Advancement of Science, 2020, pp. 113–16, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aba6637">10.1126/science.aba6637</a>.
  short: T.Y.-C. Tsai, M.K. Sikora, P. Xia, T. Colak-Champollion, H. Knaut, C.-P.J.
    Heisenberg, S.G. Megason, Science 370 (2020) 113–116.
date_created: 2020-10-19T14:09:38Z
date_published: 2020-10-02T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-06-12T07:00:41Z
day: '02'
department:
- _id: CaHe
doi: 10.1126/science.aba6637
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000579169000053'
  pmid:
  - '33004519'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aba6637
intvolume: '       370'
isi: 1
issue: '6512'
keyword:
- Multidisciplinary
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/803635v1
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 113-116
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 260F1432-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '742573'
  name: Interaction and feedback between cell mechanics and fate specification in
    vertebrate gastrulation
publication: Science
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1095-9203
  issn:
  - 0036-8075
publication_status: published
publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
  link:
  - description: News on IST Homepage
    relation: press_release
    url: https://ist.ac.at/en/news/sticking-together/
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: An adhesion code ensures robust pattern formation during tissue morphogenesis
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 370
year: '2020'
...
