@article{22264,
  abstract     = {The correlation between galaxy stellar mass and gas-phase metallicity, known as the mass–metallicity relation (MZR), gives key insights into the processes that govern galaxy evolution. However, unquantified observational and selection biases can result in systematic errors in attempts to recover the intrinsic MZR, particularly at higher redshifts. We characterize the MZR at z ∼ 3–6 within a fully Bayesian framework using JWST/NIRSpec spectra of 191 galaxies from the RUBIES survey. We forward model the observed mass–metallicity surface using prospector-generated spectra to account for two selection biases: the survey selection function and the success in observing high signal-to-noise ratio emission lines. We demonstrate that the RUBIES selection function, based on F444W magnitude and F150W – F444W color, has a negligible effect on our measured MZR. A correct treatment of the non-Gaussian metallicity uncertainties from strong-line calibrations lowers the derived MZR normalization by 0.2 dex and flattens the slope by ∼20%; forward modeling the effect of emission line observability steepens the slope by ∼15%. Both of these biases must be taken into account in order to properly measure the intrinsic MZR. This novel forward-modeling process motivates careful consideration of selection functions in future surveys, and paves the way for robust, high-redshift chemical enrichment studies that trace the evolution of the MZR across cosmic time.},
  author       = {Lewis, Zach and Maseda, Michael V. and De Graaff, Anna and Leja, Joel and Wang, Bingjie and Rix, Hans Walter and Mcconachie, Ian and Cleri, Nikko J. and Bezanson, Rachel and Boogaard, Leindert A. and Brammer, Gabriel and Greene, Jenny E. and Hirschmann, Michaela and Katz, Harley and Labbé, Ivo and Matthee, Jorryt J and Miller, Tim B. and Naidu, Rohan P. and Oesch, Pascal A. and Setton, David J. and Suess, Katherine A. and Weibel, Andrea and Whitaker, Katherine E. and Williams, Christina C.},
  issn         = {1538-4357},
  journal      = {The Astrophysical Journal},
  keywords     = {Galaxy evolution, Chemical enrichment, Metallicity, Galaxy abundances, Scaling relations},
  number       = {2},
  publisher    = {IOP Publishing},
  title        = {{The mass–metallicity relation and its observational effects at z ∼ 3–6}},
  doi          = {10.3847/1538-4357/ae7bfc},
  volume       = {1005},
  year         = {2026},
}

@inproceedings{22299,
  abstract     = {The depth poset of a filtered Lefschetz complex reflects the dependencies between the cancellations of different shallow birth-death pairs. Using the fast algorithms for computing the depth poset in [Edelsbrunner et al., 2026] and for updating the persistence diagram under transpositions in [Cohen-Steiner et al., 2006], we give a complete case analysis of how transpositions of cells in the filter affect the depth poset. In addition, we present statistics on the depth poset for random point data and its sensitivity to the transpositions that occur in random straight-line homotopies.},
  author       = {Edelsbrunner, Herbert and Lipiński, Michał and Mrozek, Marian and Soriano Trigueros, Manuel and Zimin, Fedor},
  booktitle    = {42nd International Symposium on Computational Geometry},
  isbn         = {9783959774185},
  issn         = {1868-8969},
  keywords     = {Algebraic topology, Lefschetz complexes, persistent homology, vines and vineyards, birth-death pairs, shallow pairs, relations, partial orders, transpositions, Theory of computation → Computational geometry},
  location     = {New Brunswick, NJ, United States},
  publisher    = {Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik},
  title        = {{The depth poset under transpositions in the filter}},
  doi          = {10.4230/LIPICS.SOCG.2026.41},
  volume       = {367},
  year         = {2026},
}

@article{22476,
  abstract     = {Projections of the future carbon and water cycles rely on knowledge on how forests will respond to rising atmospheric CO2. Experiments with elevated CO2 are logistically challenging and carbon pools and fluxes are difficult to measure and upscale due to their spatiotemporal heterogeneity. Therefore, it is important to combine the knowledge derived from experimental results with modeling. Here, we systematically compare data from a free air CO2 enrichment (FACE) experiment in a mature deciduous forest in Switzerland with realizations from an ecohydrological model (Tethys–Chloris). We test whether a mechanistic ecohydrological model is able to simulate physiological plant responses under ambient and elevated CO2 concentration. We overcome measurement limitations by quantifying differences in response to ambient and elevated CO2 over ten years. The reliability of model realizations is demonstrated by comparing simulations with field observations of stomatal conductance, sap flow, leaf and fruit litter, and stem growth. The model successfully captures the observed CO2-induced difference in stomatal conductance and transpiration and its sensitivity to atmospheric demand, as well as qualitative changes in soil moisture. The simulated differences between CO2 scenarios generally fall within the uncertainty of experimental observations, both for the carbon and water balance. Simulated total evapotranspiration is 2.8% (18 mm yr−1) lower and soil moisture 1.2% higher in the CO2-enriched scenario. Latent and sensible heat are modified by ca. 1 W m−2. Net primary production is simulated to increase by 19.8% and allocation to stem growth is 53 gC yr−1 m−2 higher in the elevated CO2 scenario, which represents the limit of the detection threshold of the experiment. Results show that while ecohydrological models can be used to reliably simulate multi-year energy, water, and carbon fluxes at the stand level, testing carbon allocation remains critical with current accuracy of field measurements. Uncertainties due to the simplified carbon allocation scheme are shown to be more significant for carbon than for energy and water fluxes. Generally, we conclude that for this type of forest, differences in annual energy and water fluxes induced by elevated CO2 are likely to be less than 10%.},
  author       = {Fatichi, Simone and Leuzinger, Sebastian},
  issn         = {1873-2240},
  journal      = {Agricultural and Forest Meteorology},
  keywords     = {Ecohydrological modeling, Plant water relations, FACE experiments, Forest productivity, CO2 enrichment, Swiss Canopy Crane},
  pages        = {144--157},
  publisher    = {Elsevier},
  title        = {{Reconciling observations with modeling: The fate of water and carbon allocation in a mature deciduous forest exposed to elevated CO2}},
  doi          = {10.1016/j.agrformet.2013.02.005},
  volume       = {174-175},
  year         = {2013},
}