---
DOAJ_listed: '1'
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
PlanS_conform: '1'
_id: '20851'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: High-voltage disordered spinel LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 is a promising cathode material
for high power density in lithium-ion batteries. However, it suffers from poor
cycle life associated with the rock-salt phase transformation. This study presents
a straightforward synthesis approach to enhance the electrochemical performance
of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 through a synergistic solid-state modification with LiF and
AlF3. This dual modification promotes rapid Li⁺ diffusion, enables near-complete
delithiation/lithiation, approaching the theoretical capacity of disordered LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4,
and, more importantly, effectively mitigates the formation of the rock-salt phase,
thereby enhancing structural stability, as confirmed by operando X-ray absorption
spectroscopy (XAS) and synchrotron X-ray diffraction (SXRD). As a result, the
optimized LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (10 mg AlF3 + 30 mg LiF) delivers high reversible capacities
of 142.1, 139.1, 129.2, 121.6, 110.3, 93.5, and 76.1 mAh∙g−1 at 0.2C, 0.5C, 1.0C,
2.0C, 3.0C, 4.0C, and 5.0C, respectively. Full cells using graphite as the anode
and a high-loading cathode exhibit excellent cycling performance. They retain
80% of their capacity after 200 cycles at 0.5C within a voltage window of 3.5–4.9
V with cathode loading of 11 mg∙cm−2. The findings of this study will significantly
advance high-power LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 materials, offering improved battery life and
thereby enhancing their potential for practical applications.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: EM-Fac
- _id: NanoFab
acknowledgement: 'This work was supported by the European Commission-financed project
IntelLigent (HORIZON-CL5-2021-D2-01-02) with project ID number 101069765. In collaboration
with ALBA staff, the operando SXRD and XAS experiments were performed at BL-16-NOTOS
beamline at ALBA Synchrotron Light Source (experiment number: 2023097765). This
research was supported by the Scientific Service Units (SSU) of the Institute of
Science and Technology Austria (ISTA) through resources provided by the Electron
Microscopy Facility (EMF) and the Nanofabrication Facility (NFF), and M.I. and S.H.
acknowledge financial support from ISTA and the Werner Siemens Foundation. Jordi
Jacas Biendicho acknowledges the fellowship RYC2021-034994-I, funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033
and the European Union «NextGenerationEU»/PRTR». Jordi Llorca is a Serra Húnter
Fellow and is grateful to projects MICIN/AEI/FEDER PID2021-124572OB-C31 and Maria
de Maeztu Units of Excellence Programme CEX2023-001300-M, and GC 2021 SGR 01061.'
article_number: e15962
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Xingqi
full_name: Chang, Xingqi
last_name: Chang
- first_name: Carlos
full_name: Escudero, Carlos
last_name: Escudero
- first_name: Ashley P.
full_name: Black, Ashley P.
last_name: Black
- first_name: Sharona
full_name: Horta, Sharona
id: 03a7e858-01b1-11ec-8b71-99ae6c4a05bc
last_name: Horta
- first_name: Elías
full_name: Martínez, Elías
last_name: Martínez
- first_name: Xuan
full_name: Lu, Xuan
last_name: Lu
- first_name: Jordi
full_name: Llorca, Jordi
last_name: Llorca
- first_name: Maria
full_name: Ibáñez, Maria
id: 43C61214-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Ibáñez
orcid: 0000-0001-5013-2843
- first_name: Jordi Jacas
full_name: Biendicho, Jordi Jacas
last_name: Biendicho
- first_name: Andreu
full_name: Cabot, Andreu
last_name: Cabot
citation:
ama: Chang X, Escudero C, Black AP, et al. Mitigating the rock-salt phase transformation
in disordered LNMO through synergetic solid-state AlF3/LiF modifications. Advanced
Science. 2026;13(11). doi:10.1002/advs.202515962
apa: Chang, X., Escudero, C., Black, A. P., Horta, S., Martínez, E., Lu, X., … Cabot,
A. (2026). Mitigating the rock-salt phase transformation in disordered LNMO through
synergetic solid-state AlF3/LiF modifications. Advanced Science. Wiley.
https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202515962
chicago: Chang, Xingqi, Carlos Escudero, Ashley P. Black, Sharona Horta, Elías Martínez,
Xuan Lu, Jordi Llorca, Maria Ibáñez, Jordi Jacas Biendicho, and Andreu Cabot.
“Mitigating the Rock-Salt Phase Transformation in Disordered LNMO through Synergetic
Solid-State AlF3/LiF Modifications.” Advanced Science. Wiley, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202515962.
ieee: X. Chang et al., “Mitigating the rock-salt phase transformation in
disordered LNMO through synergetic solid-state AlF3/LiF modifications,” Advanced
Science, vol. 13, no. 11. Wiley, 2026.
ista: Chang X, Escudero C, Black AP, Horta S, Martínez E, Lu X, Llorca J, Ibáñez
M, Biendicho JJ, Cabot A. 2026. Mitigating the rock-salt phase transformation
in disordered LNMO through synergetic solid-state AlF3/LiF modifications. Advanced
Science. 13(11), e15962.
mla: Chang, Xingqi, et al. “Mitigating the Rock-Salt Phase Transformation in Disordered
LNMO through Synergetic Solid-State AlF3/LiF Modifications.” Advanced Science,
vol. 13, no. 11, e15962, Wiley, 2026, doi:10.1002/advs.202515962.
short: X. Chang, C. Escudero, A.P. Black, S. Horta, E. Martínez, X. Lu, J. Llorca,
M. Ibáñez, J.J. Biendicho, A. Cabot, Advanced Science 13 (2026).
das_tickbox: '1'
dataavailabilitystatement: The data that support the findings of this study are available
from the corresponding author upon reasonable request
date_created: 2025-12-21T23:01:35Z
date_published: 2026-02-23T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-07-23T06:18:43Z
day: '23'
ddc:
- '540'
department:
- _id: MaIb
doi: 10.1002/advs.202515962
external_id:
pmid:
- '41388041'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 37adc3eff9ad9f8f9b55cfe66883f36d
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2026-07-23T06:15:51Z
date_updated: 2026-07-23T06:15:51Z
file_id: '22387'
file_name: 2026_AdvancedScience_Chang.pdf
file_size: 6353217
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2026-07-23T06:15:51Z
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202515962
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 13'
issue: '11'
keyword:
- disordered spinel LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO)
- generation 3b batteries
- operando SXRD
- operando XAS
- rock-salt
- solid-state synthesis
language:
- iso: eng
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
month: '02'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 9B8F7476-BA93-11EA-9121-9846C619BF3A
name: 'HighTE: The Werner Siemens Laboratory for the High Throughput Discovery of
Semiconductors for Waste Heat Recovery'
publication: Advanced Science
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2198-3844
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
quality_controlled: '1'
researchdata_availability: upon request
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
supplementarymaterial: yes
title: Mitigating the rock-salt phase transformation in disordered LNMO through synergetic
solid-state AlF3/LiF modifications
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 13
year: '2026'
...