[{"citation":{"ieee":"A. Lopez‐Acosta, J. S. Valera, R. Klajn, and T. M. Hermans, “Photoacid‐mediated controllable gelation in a chemical reaction cycle,” <i>ChemSystemsChem</i>, vol. 8, no. 3. Wiley, 2026.","apa":"Lopez‐Acosta, A., Valera, J. S., Klajn, R., &#38; Hermans, T. M. (2026). Photoacid‐mediated controllable gelation in a chemical reaction cycle. <i>ChemSystemsChem</i>. Wiley. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/syst.70037\">https://doi.org/10.1002/syst.70037</a>","ama":"Lopez‐Acosta A, Valera JS, Klajn R, Hermans TM. Photoacid‐mediated controllable gelation in a chemical reaction cycle. <i>ChemSystemsChem</i>. 2026;8(3). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/syst.70037\">10.1002/syst.70037</a>","short":"A. Lopez‐Acosta, J.S. Valera, R. Klajn, T.M. Hermans, ChemSystemsChem 8 (2026).","mla":"Lopez‐Acosta, Alvaro, et al. “Photoacid‐mediated Controllable Gelation in a Chemical Reaction Cycle.” <i>ChemSystemsChem</i>, vol. 8, no. 3, e70037, Wiley, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/syst.70037\">10.1002/syst.70037</a>.","ista":"Lopez‐Acosta A, Valera JS, Klajn R, Hermans TM. 2026. Photoacid‐mediated controllable gelation in a chemical reaction cycle. ChemSystemsChem. 8(3), e70037.","chicago":"Lopez‐Acosta, Alvaro, Jorge S. Valera, Rafal Klajn, and Thomas M. Hermans. “Photoacid‐mediated Controllable Gelation in a Chemical Reaction Cycle.” <i>ChemSystemsChem</i>. Wiley, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/syst.70037\">https://doi.org/10.1002/syst.70037</a>."},"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY-NC (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by_nc.png"},"publication":"ChemSystemsChem","status":"public","license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/","department":[{"_id":"RaKl"}],"ddc":["540"],"issue":"3","article_processing_charge":"Yes (in subscription journal)","article_number":"e70037","title":"Photoacid‐mediated controllable gelation in a chemical reaction cycle","acknowledgement":"J.S.V. and T.M.H. acknowledge funding from ERC-2017-STG “Life-Cycle” (757910) and ERC-2022-CoG “Suprabot” (101087514). A.L-A. acknowledges the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement no. 812868 for Ph.D. funding. R.K. acknowledges support through the Award for Research Cooperation and High Excellence in Science (ARCHES) from the Federal German Ministry and Research.","date_updated":"2026-05-18T06:59:10Z","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2570-4206"]},"OA_type":"hybrid","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","quality_controlled":"1","file_date_updated":"2026-05-18T06:29:57Z","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"We explore the use of a photoacid in a chemical reaction cycle, which allows for the controlled sol‐to‐gel transition of a saccharide aldehyde‐based self‐assembling system. The modulation of the pH with light enables to generate chemical fuels in situ, thus triggering monomer activation and gelation. Our efforts represent a promising step toward dissipative self‐assembled systems with a higher degree of spatiotemporal control."}],"article_type":"original","publication_status":"published","volume":8,"date_published":"2026-04-06T00:00:00Z","oa":1,"year":"2026","has_accepted_license":"1","month":"04","oa_version":"Published Version","day":"06","OA_place":"publisher","type":"journal_article","intvolume":"         8","date_created":"2026-05-07T08:51:01Z","author":[{"full_name":"Lopez‐Acosta, Alvaro","last_name":"Lopez‐Acosta","first_name":"Alvaro"},{"last_name":"Valera","first_name":"Jorge S.","full_name":"Valera, Jorge S."},{"full_name":"Klajn, Rafal","id":"8e84690e-1e48-11ed-a02b-a1e6fb8bb53b","last_name":"Klajn","first_name":"Rafal"},{"full_name":"Hermans, Thomas M.","first_name":"Thomas M.","last_name":"Hermans"}],"doi":"10.1002/syst.70037","_id":"21838","publisher":"Wiley","file":[{"checksum":"c51e985ac2f2cefb273fdf2cc6ab87e4","relation":"main_file","success":1,"file_id":"21887","content_type":"application/pdf","file_size":1118636,"access_level":"open_access","date_updated":"2026-05-18T06:29:57Z","date_created":"2026-05-18T06:29:57Z","file_name":"2026_ChemSystemsChem_LopezAcosta.pdf","creator":"dernst"}]},{"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","quality_controlled":"1","OA_type":"hybrid","title":"Radiomics‐based assessment of portal hypertension severity and risk stratification of cirrhotic patients using routine CT scans","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1478-3231"],"issn":["1478-3223"]},"date_updated":"2026-05-18T07:20:20Z","acknowledgement":"The computational results presented were partly obtained using the CLIP cluster (https://clip.science/). The authors thank Clemens Watzenboeck from the Medical University of Vienna for the assistance in code upload and repository maintenance. The authors dedicate this work to the memory of Martin Watzenboeck, who served as first author and whose vision and scientific rigor were fundamental to the conception and completion of this study. Open Access funding provided by Medizinische Universitat Wien/KEMÖ. This work was supported by the Vienna Science and Technology Fund (WWTF) through projects VRG15-005 and NXT 19-008 granted to J.M and the Clinical Research Group MOTION, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria – a Clinical Research Group Programme project funded by the Ludwig Boltzmann Gesellschaft (Grant Nr LBG_KFG_22_32) with funds from the Fonds Zukunft Österreich.\r\n\r\nP-E.R.'s research laboratory is supported by the Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (FRM EQU202303016287), “Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale” (ATIP AVENIR), the “Agence Nationale de la Recherche” (ANR-18-CE14-0006-01, RHU QUID-NASH, ANR-18-IDEX-0001, ANR-22-CE14-0002) by « Émergence, Ville de Paris », by Fondation ARC, by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 847949 and by France 2030 RHU LIVER-TRACK.","article_processing_charge":"Yes (via OA deal)","article_number":"e70633","issue":"5","ddc":["570"],"pmid":1,"keyword":["computed tomography","liver","portal hypertension","radiomics","spleen"],"status":"public","publication":"Liver International","citation":{"ieee":"C. Sin <i>et al.</i>, “Radiomics‐based assessment of portal hypertension severity and risk stratification of cirrhotic patients using routine CT scans,” <i>Liver International</i>, vol. 46, no. 5. Wiley, 2026.","ama":"Sin C, Watzenboeck ML, Iofinova EB, et al. Radiomics‐based assessment of portal hypertension severity and risk stratification of cirrhotic patients using routine CT scans. <i>Liver International</i>. 2026;46(5). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.70633\">10.1111/liv.70633</a>","apa":"Sin, C., Watzenboeck, M. L., Iofinova, E. B., Balcar, L., Semmler, G., Scheiner, B., … Scharitzer, M. (2026). Radiomics‐based assessment of portal hypertension severity and risk stratification of cirrhotic patients using routine CT scans. <i>Liver International</i>. Wiley. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.70633\">https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.70633</a>","short":"C. Sin, M.L. Watzenboeck, E.B. Iofinova, L. Balcar, G. Semmler, B. Scheiner, K. Lampichler, M. Mandorfer, L. Moga, P. Rautou, M. Ronot, J. Menche, T. Reiberger, M. Scharitzer, Liver International 46 (2026).","mla":"Sin, Celine, et al. “Radiomics‐based Assessment of Portal Hypertension Severity and Risk Stratification of Cirrhotic Patients Using Routine CT Scans.” <i>Liver International</i>, vol. 46, no. 5, e70633, Wiley, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.70633\">10.1111/liv.70633</a>.","ista":"Sin C, Watzenboeck ML, Iofinova EB, Balcar L, Semmler G, Scheiner B, Lampichler K, Mandorfer M, Moga L, Rautou P, Ronot M, Menche J, Reiberger T, Scharitzer M. 2026. Radiomics‐based assessment of portal hypertension severity and risk stratification of cirrhotic patients using routine CT scans. Liver International. 46(5), e70633.","chicago":"Sin, Celine, Martin Luther Watzenboeck, Eugenia B Iofinova, Lorenz Balcar, Georg Semmler, Bernhard Scheiner, Katharina Lampichler, et al. “Radiomics‐based Assessment of Portal Hypertension Severity and Risk Stratification of Cirrhotic Patients Using Routine CT Scans.” <i>Liver International</i>. Wiley, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.70633\">https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.70633</a>."},"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by_nc_nd.png","short":"CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)"},"scopus_import":"1","file":[{"content_type":"application/pdf","file_size":3550462,"access_level":"open_access","success":1,"relation":"main_file","checksum":"fafcc0b88b8e8caed85849627305d9ba","file_id":"21888","date_updated":"2026-05-18T07:10:31Z","creator":"dernst","date_created":"2026-05-18T07:10:31Z","file_name":"2026_LiverInternational_Sin.pdf"}],"_id":"21839","publisher":"Wiley","date_created":"2026-05-07T08:51:47Z","author":[{"full_name":"Sin, Celine","last_name":"Sin","first_name":"Celine"},{"full_name":"Watzenboeck, Martin Luther","last_name":"Watzenboeck","first_name":"Martin Luther"},{"first_name":"Eugenia B","last_name":"Iofinova","full_name":"Iofinova, Eugenia B","id":"f9a17499-f6e0-11ea-865d-fdf9a3f77117","orcid":"0000-0002-7778-3221"},{"full_name":"Balcar, Lorenz","last_name":"Balcar","first_name":"Lorenz"},{"full_name":"Semmler, Georg","first_name":"Georg","last_name":"Semmler"},{"full_name":"Scheiner, Bernhard","last_name":"Scheiner","first_name":"Bernhard"},{"last_name":"Lampichler","first_name":"Katharina","full_name":"Lampichler, Katharina"},{"full_name":"Mandorfer, Mattias","first_name":"Mattias","last_name":"Mandorfer"},{"first_name":"Lucile","last_name":"Moga","full_name":"Moga, Lucile"},{"full_name":"Rautou, Pierre‐Emmanuel","first_name":"Pierre‐Emmanuel","last_name":"Rautou"},{"first_name":"Maxime","last_name":"Ronot","full_name":"Ronot, Maxime"},{"full_name":"Menche, Jörg","first_name":"Jörg","last_name":"Menche"},{"full_name":"Reiberger, Thomas","first_name":"Thomas","last_name":"Reiberger"},{"last_name":"Scharitzer","first_name":"Martina","full_name":"Scharitzer, Martina"}],"doi":"10.1111/liv.70633","intvolume":"        46","type":"journal_article","external_id":{"pmid":["41943460"]},"oa_version":"Published Version","OA_place":"publisher","day":"01","month":"05","has_accepted_license":"1","oa":1,"year":"2026","date_published":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","volume":46,"file_date_updated":"2026-05-18T07:10:31Z","publication_status":"published","article_type":"original","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Background & Aims: To develop and validate a CT-based radiomics model to assess HVPG and predict a composite endpoint of liver-related events (LRE: decompensation and liver-related death) in patients with cirrhosis.\r\n\r\nMethods: This retrospective study included 357 cirrhosis patients, who received invasive HVPG measurements, 120 liver-healthy controls (training cohort) and 85 and 100 cirrhosis patients (internal and external validation cohorts, respectively), and contrast-enhanced abdominal CTs. After volumetric segmentation of the liver and spleen on CT, Bayesian parameter optimization was used for selection of extracted features and hyperparameter tuning in random forest or elastic net models. Prediction accuracy was evaluated using Pearson correlation coefficients of predicted (’radio-HVPG’) and invasive HVPG. Discrimination between relevant HVPG cut-offs was determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. The predictive value of radio-HVPG and invasive-HVPG for LRE was compared using Cox regression models.\r\n\r\nResults: Radio-HVPG, predicted by an optimized random forest model based on 74 selected CT features, correlated with invasive-HVPG and detected clinically significant portal hypertension (CSPH: HVPG ≥ 10 mmHg) on the internal (Pearson r = 0.63, AUC 0.89 [95% CI: 0.81–0.96]) and external (Pearson r = 0.62, AUC 0.80 [95% CI: 0.64–0.91]) validation cohorts. Radio-HVPG predicted LRE when adjusting for MELD and albumin (adjusted HR: 1.14 [95% CI: 1.04–1.25], p = 0.005) and performed similarly to invasive-HVPG.\r\n\r\nConclusions: Radiomic features accurately predict HVPG in patients with cirrhosis and allow risk stratification for LRE in a radiomics-clinical signature."}]},{"doi":"10.1063/5.0313352","author":[{"last_name":"Coquinot","first_name":"Baptiste","orcid":"0000-0001-5524-596X","full_name":"Coquinot, Baptiste","id":"f8417bd4-f599-11ee-a482-b927e3ed1e8e"},{"full_name":"Lizée, Mathieu","last_name":"Lizée","first_name":"Mathieu"},{"full_name":"Bocquet, Lydéric","last_name":"Bocquet","first_name":"Lydéric"},{"last_name":"Kavokine","first_name":"Nikita","full_name":"Kavokine, Nikita"}],"date_created":"2026-05-07T08:53:03Z","type":"journal_article","intvolume":"       164","PlanS_conform":"1","file":[{"creator":"dernst","file_name":"2026_JourChemPhysics_Coquinot.pdf","date_created":"2026-05-18T07:31:23Z","date_updated":"2026-05-18T07:31:23Z","file_size":5497515,"access_level":"open_access","content_type":"application/pdf","file_id":"21889","checksum":"a896969c829be2a79859bd277f87b44c","success":1,"relation":"main_file"}],"publisher":"AIP Publishing","_id":"21840","date_published":"2026-04-07T00:00:00Z","volume":164,"year":"2026","oa":1,"arxiv":1,"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The transport properties of nanofluidic channels are usually studied under constant (DC) voltage or pressure driving. However, the frequency response under sinusoidal (AC) drivings offers rich insights into the time-dependent transport mechanisms. Inspired by recent electrochemical approaches, we investigate the couplings between ionic and electronic transport under AC driving. We show that conduction electrons of the channel walls participate in ionic current via capacitive electrochemical coupling, defining a critical frequency and length scale where electron-dominated conductivity emerges. We further analyze how electron–ion coupling modifies electro-osmotic flows and demonstrate that fluctuation-induced momentum transfer between the electrolyte and wall electrons produces distinct AC transport signatures, depending on the charge carrier polarity. Altogether, we establish a frequency-dependent transport matrix that couples ionic, electronic, and hydrodynamic flows. These findings establish AC nanofluidic transport as a powerful probe of interfacial phenomena under confinement and suggest new directions for engineering nanofluidic functionalities through electron–electrolyte coupling."}],"article_type":"original","publication_status":"published","file_date_updated":"2026-05-18T07:31:23Z","day":"07","OA_place":"publisher","oa_version":"Published Version","external_id":{"arxiv":["2505.02478"]},"has_accepted_license":"1","month":"04","acknowledgement":"The authors thank Nicolas Chapuis for fruitful discussions. L.B. acknowledges support from the ERC project n-AQUA under Grant Agreement No. 101071937. B.C. acknowledges support from the CFM Foundation and the NOMIS Foundation. N.K. acknowledges support from the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) under Grant No. CRSK-2_237930.","date_updated":"2026-05-18T07:34:57Z","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1089-7690"],"issn":["0021-9606"]},"title":"Electron–electrolyte coupling in AC transport through nanofluidic channels","article_number":"134704","article_processing_charge":"Yes (in subscription journal)","quality_controlled":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","OA_type":"hybrid","status":"public","scopus_import":"1","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"citation":{"short":"B. Coquinot, M. Lizée, L. Bocquet, N. Kavokine, The Journal of Chemical Physics 164 (2026).","chicago":"Coquinot, Baptiste, Mathieu Lizée, Lydéric Bocquet, and Nikita Kavokine. “Electron–Electrolyte Coupling in AC Transport through Nanofluidic Channels.” <i>The Journal of Chemical Physics</i>. AIP Publishing, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0313352\">https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0313352</a>.","ista":"Coquinot B, Lizée M, Bocquet L, Kavokine N. 2026. Electron–electrolyte coupling in AC transport through nanofluidic channels. The Journal of Chemical Physics. 164(13), 134704.","mla":"Coquinot, Baptiste, et al. “Electron–Electrolyte Coupling in AC Transport through Nanofluidic Channels.” <i>The Journal of Chemical Physics</i>, vol. 164, no. 13, 134704, AIP Publishing, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0313352\">10.1063/5.0313352</a>.","apa":"Coquinot, B., Lizée, M., Bocquet, L., &#38; Kavokine, N. (2026). Electron–electrolyte coupling in AC transport through nanofluidic channels. <i>The Journal of Chemical Physics</i>. AIP Publishing. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0313352\">https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0313352</a>","ama":"Coquinot B, Lizée M, Bocquet L, Kavokine N. Electron–electrolyte coupling in AC transport through nanofluidic channels. <i>The Journal of Chemical Physics</i>. 2026;164(13). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0313352\">10.1063/5.0313352</a>","ieee":"B. Coquinot, M. Lizée, L. Bocquet, and N. Kavokine, “Electron–electrolyte coupling in AC transport through nanofluidic channels,” <i>The Journal of Chemical Physics</i>, vol. 164, no. 13. AIP Publishing, 2026."},"publication":"The Journal of Chemical Physics","ddc":["530"],"issue":"13","department":[{"_id":"MiLe"}]},{"oa_version":"Published Version","external_id":{"pmid":["41701356"]},"day":"01","OA_place":"publisher","has_accepted_license":"1","month":"04","date_published":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","volume":232,"year":"2026","oa":1,"file_date_updated":"2026-05-18T07:48:45Z","abstract":[{"text":"The long-standing notion that genotypes map to phenotypes through simple one gene–one trait relationships continues to shape both research in the life sciences and public understanding, with implications for policy and funding priorities. Yet this paradigm is increasingly recognized as inadequate for explaining continuous phenotypic variation and the complex genetic architectures of the genotype–phenotype map. Modern genetics emerged from the early 20th-century synthesis of Mendelian and biometric schools of heredity, with R.A. Fisher demonstrating early on how multiple discrete loci could collectively produce continuous variation. Despite this fundamental insight, Mendelism—with its focus on single genes and standardized genetic backgrounds—became the dominant framework, shaping current genetics research and molecular biology as well as science education. The advent of large-scale genomic data has revealed yet again the limitations of this reductionist approach. Evidence from quantitative genetics now shows that most phenotypes arise from complex networks of many interdependent genes and their dynamic responses to environmental perturbations. Here we trace the historical roots of how Mendelian classical genetics departed from the biometric school to create the current predominant paradigm in genetics, despite fundamentally unresolved issues. Moving on from this one-sided paradigm will require systematic development of integrative, evolutionarily grounded experimental approaches that better capture the multigenic and context-dependent nature of inheritance. Achieving such an extended perspective will require methodological innovation, including advances in large-scale (e.g. automated) phenotyping. Dedicated research programs will be necessary to advance a new era of genetic research into the complex mechanisms underlying phenotypic variation.","lang":"eng"}],"article_type":"original","publication_status":"published","file":[{"date_created":"2026-05-18T07:48:45Z","file_name":"2026_Genetics_Tautz.pdf","creator":"dernst","date_updated":"2026-05-18T07:48:45Z","file_id":"21890","checksum":"5a862c539f9dec4511277ad8927c549c","relation":"main_file","success":1,"file_size":542844,"access_level":"open_access","content_type":"application/pdf"}],"_id":"21841","publisher":"Oxford University Press","author":[{"full_name":"Tautz, Diethard","first_name":"Diethard","last_name":"Tautz"},{"first_name":"Luisa F","last_name":"Pallares","full_name":"Pallares, Luisa F"},{"first_name":"Leif","last_name":"Andersson","full_name":"Andersson, Leif"},{"full_name":"Barghi, Neda","last_name":"Barghi","first_name":"Neda"},{"first_name":"Nicholas H","last_name":"Barton","id":"4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Barton, Nicholas H","orcid":"0000-0002-8548-5240"},{"last_name":"Bay","first_name":"Rachael","full_name":"Bay, Rachael"},{"last_name":"Chan","first_name":"Yingguang Frank","full_name":"Chan, Yingguang Frank"},{"last_name":"Hancock","first_name":"Angela","full_name":"Hancock, Angela"},{"first_name":"Tobias S","last_name":"Kaiser","full_name":"Kaiser, Tobias S"},{"full_name":"Koenig, Daniel","first_name":"Daniel","last_name":"Koenig"},{"full_name":"Kontarakis, Zacharias","first_name":"Zacharias","last_name":"Kontarakis"},{"full_name":"Liedvogel, Miriam","last_name":"Liedvogel","first_name":"Miriam"},{"last_name":"de Meaux","first_name":"Juliette","full_name":"de Meaux, Juliette"},{"first_name":"Magnus","last_name":"Nordborg","full_name":"Nordborg, Magnus"},{"full_name":"Palmer, Abraham A","first_name":"Abraham A","last_name":"Palmer"},{"full_name":"Purugganan, Michael","last_name":"Purugganan","first_name":"Michael"},{"full_name":"Schlötterer, Christian","last_name":"Schlötterer","first_name":"Christian"},{"full_name":"Schmid, Karl","first_name":"Karl","last_name":"Schmid"},{"first_name":"Didier Y R","last_name":"Stainier","full_name":"Stainier, Didier Y R"},{"full_name":"Weigel, Detlef","last_name":"Weigel","first_name":"Detlef"},{"full_name":"Wolf, Jochen B W","first_name":"Jochen B W","last_name":"Wolf"},{"last_name":"Ebert","first_name":"Dieter","full_name":"Ebert, Dieter"},{"last_name":"Gibson","first_name":"Greg","full_name":"Gibson, Greg"}],"date_created":"2026-05-07T08:53:40Z","doi":"10.1093/genetics/iyag024","PlanS_conform":"1","type":"journal_article","intvolume":"       232","ddc":["570"],"issue":"4","department":[{"_id":"NiBa"}],"pmid":1,"status":"public","keyword":["classic genetics","quantitative genetics","genotype–phenotype map"],"citation":{"ama":"Tautz D, Pallares LF, Andersson L, et al. Beyond Mendel: A call to revisit the genotype–phenotype map through new experimental paradigms. <i>Genetics</i>. 2026;232(4). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/iyag024\">10.1093/genetics/iyag024</a>","apa":"Tautz, D., Pallares, L. F., Andersson, L., Barghi, N., Barton, N. H., Bay, R., … Gibson, G. (2026). Beyond Mendel: A call to revisit the genotype–phenotype map through new experimental paradigms. <i>Genetics</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/iyag024\">https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/iyag024</a>","ieee":"D. Tautz <i>et al.</i>, “Beyond Mendel: A call to revisit the genotype–phenotype map through new experimental paradigms,” <i>Genetics</i>, vol. 232, no. 4. Oxford University Press, 2026.","chicago":"Tautz, Diethard, Luisa F Pallares, Leif Andersson, Neda Barghi, Nicholas H Barton, Rachael Bay, Yingguang Frank Chan, et al. “Beyond Mendel: A Call to Revisit the Genotype–Phenotype Map through New Experimental Paradigms.” <i>Genetics</i>. Oxford University Press, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/iyag024\">https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/iyag024</a>.","ista":"Tautz D, Pallares LF, Andersson L, Barghi N, Barton NH, Bay R, Chan YF, Hancock A, Kaiser TS, Koenig D, Kontarakis Z, Liedvogel M, de Meaux J, Nordborg M, Palmer AA, Purugganan M, Schlötterer C, Schmid K, Stainier DYR, Weigel D, Wolf JBW, Ebert D, Gibson G. 2026. Beyond Mendel: A call to revisit the genotype–phenotype map through new experimental paradigms. Genetics. 232(4), iyag024.","mla":"Tautz, Diethard, et al. “Beyond Mendel: A Call to Revisit the Genotype–Phenotype Map through New Experimental Paradigms.” <i>Genetics</i>, vol. 232, no. 4, iyag024, Oxford University Press, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/iyag024\">10.1093/genetics/iyag024</a>.","short":"D. Tautz, L.F. Pallares, L. Andersson, N. Barghi, N.H. Barton, R. Bay, Y.F. Chan, A. Hancock, T.S. Kaiser, D. Koenig, Z. Kontarakis, M. Liedvogel, J. de Meaux, M. Nordborg, A.A. Palmer, M. Purugganan, C. Schlötterer, K. Schmid, D.Y.R. Stainier, D. Weigel, J.B.W. Wolf, D. Ebert, G. Gibson, Genetics 232 (2026)."},"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"publication":"Genetics","scopus_import":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","quality_controlled":"1","OA_type":"hybrid","title":"Beyond Mendel: A call to revisit the genotype–phenotype map through new experimental paradigms","date_updated":"2026-05-18T07:51:26Z","acknowledgement":"We thank a variety of further colleagues for the many inspiring discussions on the nature of heredity, especially the workshops in Berlin. Special thanks also to the Stellenbosch Institute for Advanced Studies (STIAS) to provide DT the leisure and freedom to write up the first version of this perspective. Thanks also to three reviewers who have helped to improve the manuscript. Two dedicated symposia on the topic were funded by the Max-Planck Society.","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1943-2631"]},"article_processing_charge":"Yes (in subscription journal)","article_number":"iyag024"},{"has_accepted_license":"1","month":"03","day":"27","OA_place":"publisher","oa_version":"Published Version","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"AM CVn stars are ultra-compact semi-detached binaries consisting of a white dwarf primary and a hydrogen-depleted secondary. In this\r\npaper, we present spectroscopic and photometric results of 15 transient sources pre-classified as AM CVn candidates. Our analysis confirms\r\n9 systems of the type AM CVn, 3 hydrogen-rich cataclysmic variables (accreting white dwarfs with near-main-sequence stars for donors),\r\nand 3 systems that could be evolved cataclysmic variables. Eight of the AM CVn stars are analysed spectroscopically for the first time,\r\nwhich increases the number of spectroscopically confirmed AM CVns by about 10%. TESS data revealed the orbital period of the AM CVn\r\nstar ASASSN-20pv to be Porb =27.282 min, which helps to constrain the possible values of its mass ratio. TESS also helped to determine\r\nthe superhump periods of one AM CVn star (ASASSN-19ct, Psh =30.94 min) and two cataclysmic variables we classify as WZ Sge stars\r\n(Psh =90.77 min for ZTF18aaaasnn and Psh =91.6min for ASASSN-15na).We identified very different abundances in the spectra of theAM\r\nCVns binaries ASASSN-15kf and ASASSN-20pv (both Porb ∼27.5min), suggesting different type of donors. Six of the studied AMCVns are\r\nX-ray sources, which helped to determine their mass accretion rates. Photometry shows that the duration of all the superoutbursts detected\r\nin the AM CVns is consistent with expectations from the disc instability model. Finally, we provide refined criteria for the identification of\r\nnew systems using all-sky surveys such as LSST."}],"publication_status":"published","article_type":"original","file_date_updated":"2026-05-12T06:54:10Z","date_published":"2026-03-27T00:00:00Z","volume":43,"oa":1,"year":"2026","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","_id":"21842","file":[{"date_updated":"2026-05-12T06:54:10Z","file_name":"2026_PublAstronomicalSocAustralia_Kara.pdf","date_created":"2026-05-12T06:54:10Z","creator":"dernst","checksum":"f8f3cd3765948e8b276176c71c9d4e02","success":1,"relation":"main_file","file_id":"21862","content_type":"application/pdf","access_level":"open_access","file_size":3681016}],"type":"journal_article","intvolume":"        43","PlanS_conform":"1","doi":"10.1017/pasa.2026.10184","date_created":"2026-05-07T08:55:00Z","author":[{"full_name":"Kára, Jan","first_name":"Jan","last_name":"Kára"},{"last_name":"Rivera Sandoval","first_name":"Liliana","full_name":"Rivera Sandoval, Liliana"},{"first_name":"Wendy","last_name":"Mendoza","full_name":"Mendoza, Wendy"},{"last_name":"Maccarone","first_name":"Thomas","full_name":"Maccarone, Thomas"},{"first_name":"Manuel","last_name":"Pichardo Marcano","full_name":"Pichardo Marcano, Manuel"},{"first_name":"Luis E.","last_name":"Salazar Manzano","full_name":"Salazar Manzano, Luis E."},{"full_name":"Oelkers, Ryan J.","last_name":"Oelkers","first_name":"Ryan J."},{"full_name":"van Roestel, Joannes C","id":"4d122fc8-6083-11f0-87a5-97d68b860333","last_name":"van Roestel","first_name":"Joannes C"}],"department":[{"_id":"IlCa"}],"ddc":["520"],"scopus_import":"1","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"citation":{"short":"J. Kára, L. Rivera Sandoval, W. Mendoza, T. Maccarone, M. Pichardo Marcano, L.E. Salazar Manzano, R.J. Oelkers, J.C. van Roestel, Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia 43 (2026).","chicago":"Kára, Jan, Liliana Rivera Sandoval, Wendy Mendoza, Thomas Maccarone, Manuel Pichardo Marcano, Luis E. Salazar Manzano, Ryan J. Oelkers, and Joannes C van Roestel. “A Study of Transients from Ground-Based Surveys Reveals New Ultra-Compact Accreting White Dwarf Binaries.” <i>Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia</i>. Cambridge University Press, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/pasa.2026.10184\">https://doi.org/10.1017/pasa.2026.10184</a>.","ista":"Kára J, Rivera Sandoval L, Mendoza W, Maccarone T, Pichardo Marcano M, Salazar Manzano LE, Oelkers RJ, van Roestel JC. 2026. A study of transients from ground-based surveys reveals new ultra-compact accreting white dwarf binaries. Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia. 43, e052.","mla":"Kára, Jan, et al. “A Study of Transients from Ground-Based Surveys Reveals New Ultra-Compact Accreting White Dwarf Binaries.” <i>Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia</i>, vol. 43, e052, Cambridge University Press, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/pasa.2026.10184\">10.1017/pasa.2026.10184</a>.","apa":"Kára, J., Rivera Sandoval, L., Mendoza, W., Maccarone, T., Pichardo Marcano, M., Salazar Manzano, L. E., … van Roestel, J. C. (2026). A study of transients from ground-based surveys reveals new ultra-compact accreting white dwarf binaries. <i>Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia</i>. Cambridge University Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/pasa.2026.10184\">https://doi.org/10.1017/pasa.2026.10184</a>","ama":"Kára J, Rivera Sandoval L, Mendoza W, et al. A study of transients from ground-based surveys reveals new ultra-compact accreting white dwarf binaries. <i>Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia</i>. 2026;43. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/pasa.2026.10184\">10.1017/pasa.2026.10184</a>","ieee":"J. Kára <i>et al.</i>, “A study of transients from ground-based surveys reveals new ultra-compact accreting white dwarf binaries,” <i>Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia</i>, vol. 43. Cambridge University Press, 2026."},"publication":"Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia","status":"public","OA_type":"hybrid","quality_controlled":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","article_number":"e052","article_processing_charge":"Yes (in subscription journal)","acknowledgement":"We are grateful to the anonymous referee for providing\r\nus with useful comments and suggestions that improved our manuscript.\r\nJK and LRS acknowledge support from NASA grants NNH22ZDA001N-6152\r\nand 80NSSC24K0638. MPM is partially supported by the Swiss National\r\nScience Foundation IZSTZ0_216537 and by UNAM PAPIIT-IG101224. Based\r\non observations obtained at the international Gemini Observatory, a program\r\nof NSF NOIRLab, which is managed by the Association of Universities for\r\nResearch in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the U.S.\r\nNational Science Foundation on behalf of the Gemini Observatory partnership:\r\nthe U.S. National Science Foundation (United States), National Research\r\nCouncil (Canada), Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo (Chile), Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (Argentina), Ministério\r\nda Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações e Comunicações (Brazil), and Korea\r\nAstronomy and Space Science Institute (Republic of Korea). The Gemini\r\ndata were obtained from programs GN-2023B-Q-310 and GS-2024A-Q-311\r\n(PI: Rivera Sandoval) and processed using DRAGONS (Data Reduction for\r\nAstronomy from Gemini Observatory North and South) The Digitized Sky\r\nSurveys were produced at the Space Telescope Science Institute under U.S.\r\nGovernment grant NAG W-2166. The images of these surveys are based on\r\nphotographic data obtained using the Oschin Schmidt Telescope on Palomar\r\nMountain and the UK Schmidt Telescope. The plates were processed into the\r\npresent compressed digital form with the permission of these institutions.\r\nThe National Geographic Society – Palomar Observatory Sky Atlas (POSS-I)\r\nwas made by the California Institute of Technology with grants from the\r\nNational Geographic Society. The Second Palomar Observatory Sky Survey\r\n(POSS-II) was made by the California Institute of Technology with funds\r\nfrom the National Science Foundation, the National Geographic Society, the\r\nSloan Foundation, the Samuel Oschin Foundation, and the Eastman Kodak\r\nCorporation. The Oschin Schmidt Telescope is operated by the California\r\nInstitute of Technology and Palomar Observatory. The UK Schmidt Telescope\r\nwas operated by the Royal Observatory Edinburgh, with funding from the\r\nUK Science and Engineering Research Council (later the UK Particle Physics\r\nand Astronomy Research Council), until 1988 June, and thereafter by the\r\nAnglo-Australian Observatory. The blue plates of the southern Sky Atlas\r\nand its Equatorial Extension (together known as the SERC-J), as well as the\r\nEquatorial Red (ER), and the Second Epoch [red] Survey (SES) were all taken\r\nwith the UK Schmidt. Supplemental funding for sky-survey work at the ST\r\nScI is provided by the European Southern Observatory. Based on observations\r\nobtained with the Samuel Oschin Telescope 48-inch and the 60-inch Telescope\r\nat the Palomar Observatory as part of the Zwicky Transient Facility project.\r\nZTF is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grants No. AST-\r\n1440341 and AST-2034437 and a collaboration including current partners\r\nCaltech, IPAC, the Oskar Klein Center at Stockholm University, the University\r\nof Maryland, University of California, Berkeley, the University of Wisconsin\r\nat Milwaukee, University of Warwick, Ruhr University, Cornell University,\r\nNorthwestern University, and Drexel University. Operations are conducted\r\nby COO, IPAC, and UW. This work has used data from the European\r\nSpace Agency (ESA) mission Gaia (https://www.cosmos.esa.int/gaia),\r\nprocessed by the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC,\r\nhttps://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/gaia/dpac/consortium). Funding for the\r\nDPAC has been provided by national institutions, in particular, the institutions\r\nparticipating in the Gaia Multilateral Agreement. We acknowledge with\r\nthanks the variable star observations from the AAVSO International Database\r\ncontributed by observers worldwide and used in this research. This paper\r\nincludes data collected by the TESS mission. Funding for the TESS mission\r\nis provided by the NASA Science Mission Directorate. Some of the data\r\npresented in this paper were obtained from the B. Mikulski Archive for Space\r\nTelescopes (MAST). This research has made use of the SIMBAD database,\r\noperated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. This research has made use of ‘Aladin\r\nsky atlas’ developed at CDS, Strasbourg Observatory, France. This research\r\nhas made use of the VizieR catalogue access tool, CDS, Strasbourg, France.","date_updated":"2026-05-12T06:57:40Z","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1448-6083"],"issn":["1323-3580"]},"title":"A study of transients from ground-based surveys reveals new ultra-compact accreting white dwarf binaries"},{"PlanS_conform":"1","intvolume":"      1002","type":"journal_article","author":[{"first_name":"Kohei","last_name":"Inayoshi","full_name":"Inayoshi, Kohei"},{"full_name":"Shangguan, Jinyi","first_name":"Jinyi","last_name":"Shangguan"},{"full_name":"Chen, Xian","last_name":"Chen","first_name":"Xian"},{"last_name":"Ho","first_name":"Luis C.","full_name":"Ho, Luis C."},{"full_name":"Haiman, Zoltán","id":"7c006e8c-cc0d-11ee-8322-cb904ef76f36","orcid":"0000-0003-3633-5403","first_name":"Zoltán","last_name":"Haiman"}],"date_created":"2026-05-10T22:02:14Z","doi":"10.3847/1538-4357/ae548d","_id":"21844","publisher":"IOP Publishing","file":[{"relation":"main_file","success":1,"checksum":"b4506dfef3dd6da335775071d8f2a0a6","file_id":"21853","content_type":"application/pdf","access_level":"open_access","file_size":3041897,"date_updated":"2026-05-11T07:07:22Z","creator":"dernst","file_name":"2026_AstrophysicalJour_Inayoshi.pdf","date_created":"2026-05-11T07:07:22Z"}],"file_date_updated":"2026-05-11T07:07:22Z","article_type":"original","publication_status":"published","abstract":[{"text":"Little red dots (LRDs) are a newly identified class of broad-line active galactic nuclei (AGNs) with a distinctive V-shaped spectrum characterized by red optical and blue UV continuum emission. Their high abundance at redshifts of z ∼ 6–8 and decline at lower redshifts suggest a transient origin. We propose that the spectral shape of LRDs originates from compact binary black hole systems, in which each black hole is surrounded by a mini-disk and embedded within a larger circumbinary disk. With a binary separation of ≲103 Schwarzschild radii, the Wien tail of a T ≃ 5000 K blackbody spectrum at the inner edge of the circumbinary disk produces the red optical emission, while the mini-disks power the UV continuum. Binary torques carve out a gap between the circumbinary disk and the mini-disks, setting the turnover wavelength of the V-shaped spectrum around the Balmer limit. This scenario naturally reproduces LRD spectra requiring only modest dust attenuation (AV ≲ 1 mag), resolving overestimated luminosities for LRDs in previous studies and alleviating a tension with the so-called Sołtan argument. This model predicts distinct spectral evolution as the binary orbit decays through binary disk interactions and gravitational-wave (GW) emission, linking early-stage “proto-LRD” binaries to the broader AGN population and late-stage “LRD descendants” to coalescing binaries detectable in GW experiments.","lang":"eng"}],"DOAJ_listed":"1","arxiv":1,"oa":1,"year":"2026","date_published":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","volume":1002,"month":"05","has_accepted_license":"1","external_id":{"arxiv":["2505.05322"]},"oa_version":"Published Version","OA_place":"publisher","day":"01","article_processing_charge":"Yes","article_number":"25","title":"The emergence of Little Red Dots from binary massive black holes","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1538-4357"],"issn":["0004-637X"]},"acknowledgement":"We greatly thank Kenta Hotokezaka and Hanpu Liu for constructive discussions. K.I., J.S., X.C., and L.C.H. acknowledge support from National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant Nos. 12573015, 1251101148, 12233001, and 12473037), the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (grant No. IS25003), and the China Manned Space Program (grant No. CMS-CSST-2025-A09). J.S. is also supported by “The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, Peking University” (grant No. 7100604896). Z.H. acknowledges support by US NSF grant AST-2006176 and by NASA grant Nos. 80NSSC24K0440 and 80NSSC22K0822.","date_updated":"2026-05-11T07:09:12Z","OA_type":"gold","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"quality_controlled":"1","publication":"The Astrophysical Journal","citation":{"short":"K. Inayoshi, J. Shangguan, X. Chen, L.C. Ho, Z. Haiman, The Astrophysical Journal 1002 (2026).","ista":"Inayoshi K, Shangguan J, Chen X, Ho LC, Haiman Z. 2026. The emergence of Little Red Dots from binary massive black holes. The Astrophysical Journal. 1002(1), 25.","mla":"Inayoshi, Kohei, et al. “The Emergence of Little Red Dots from Binary Massive Black Holes.” <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>, vol. 1002, no. 1, 25, IOP Publishing, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae548d\">10.3847/1538-4357/ae548d</a>.","chicago":"Inayoshi, Kohei, Jinyi Shangguan, Xian Chen, Luis C. Ho, and Zoltán Haiman. “The Emergence of Little Red Dots from Binary Massive Black Holes.” <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>. IOP Publishing, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae548d\">https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae548d</a>.","ieee":"K. Inayoshi, J. Shangguan, X. Chen, L. C. Ho, and Z. Haiman, “The emergence of Little Red Dots from binary massive black holes,” <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>, vol. 1002, no. 1. IOP Publishing, 2026.","ama":"Inayoshi K, Shangguan J, Chen X, Ho LC, Haiman Z. The emergence of Little Red Dots from binary massive black holes. <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>. 2026;1002(1). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae548d\">10.3847/1538-4357/ae548d</a>","apa":"Inayoshi, K., Shangguan, J., Chen, X., Ho, L. C., &#38; Haiman, Z. (2026). The emergence of Little Red Dots from binary massive black holes. <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>. IOP Publishing. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae548d\">https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae548d</a>"},"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"scopus_import":"1","status":"public","department":[{"_id":"ZoHa"}],"issue":"1","ddc":["520"]},{"department":[{"_id":"KiMo"},{"_id":"GradSch"}],"ddc":["530"],"corr_author":"1","scopus_import":"1","publication":"Nature Communications","citation":{"ama":"Zambra V, Nathwani A, Nauman M, et al. Giant transverse magnetic fluctuations at the edge of re-entrant superconductivity in UTe2. <i>Nature Communications</i>. 2026;17. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-71899-7\">10.1038/s41467-026-71899-7</a>","apa":"Zambra, V., Nathwani, A., Nauman, M., Lewin, S. K., Frank, C. E., Butch, N. P., … Modic, K. A. (2026). Giant transverse magnetic fluctuations at the edge of re-entrant superconductivity in UTe2. <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-71899-7\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-71899-7</a>","ieee":"V. Zambra <i>et al.</i>, “Giant transverse magnetic fluctuations at the edge of re-entrant superconductivity in UTe2,” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 17. Springer Nature, 2026.","short":"V. Zambra, A. Nathwani, M. Nauman, S.K. Lewin, C.E. Frank, N.P. Butch, A. Shekhter, B.J. Ramshaw, K.A. Modic, Nature Communications 17 (2026).","chicago":"Zambra, Valeska, Amit Nathwani, Muhammad Nauman, Sylvia K. Lewin, Corey E. Frank, Nicholas P. Butch, Arkady Shekhter, B. J. Ramshaw, and Kimberly A Modic. “Giant Transverse Magnetic Fluctuations at the Edge of Re-Entrant Superconductivity in UTe2.” <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-71899-7\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-71899-7</a>.","mla":"Zambra, Valeska, et al. “Giant Transverse Magnetic Fluctuations at the Edge of Re-Entrant Superconductivity in UTe2.” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 17, 3742, Springer Nature, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-71899-7\">10.1038/s41467-026-71899-7</a>.","ista":"Zambra V, Nathwani A, Nauman M, Lewin SK, Frank CE, Butch NP, Shekhter A, Ramshaw BJ, Modic KA. 2026. Giant transverse magnetic fluctuations at the edge of re-entrant superconductivity in UTe2. Nature Communications. 17, 3742."},"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"status":"public","OA_type":"gold","quality_controlled":"1","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"article_number":"3742","article_processing_charge":"Yes","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2041-1723"]},"acknowledgement":"We appreciate technical support from Salvatore Bagiante, Evgeniia Volobueva, Lubuna Shafeek, Ali Bangura, and Zoltán Köllö, and scientific discussions with Daniel Agterberg, Johnpierre Paglione, Qimiao Si, Josephine Yu and Yue Yu. V.Z., A.N., M.N., and K.A.M. acknowledge funding received from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (TROPIC-101078696). V.Z., A.N., M.N., and K.A.M. thank the ISTA Nanofabrication Facility for technical support. B.J.R. acknowledges funding from the Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the United States Department of Energy under award number DE-SC0020143 for data analysis and writing. The National High Magnetic Field Laboratory is supported by the National Science Foundation through NSF/DMR-2128556*, the State of Florida, and the U.S. Department of Energy. A.S. acknowledges support from the DOE/BES “Science of 100 T” grant. A.S. thanks Downtown Subscription in Santa Fe, NM, for their patience in hosting him. Sample preparation and characterization were supported by the NSF through DMR-2105191.","date_updated":"2026-05-11T06:36:00Z","title":"Giant transverse magnetic fluctuations at the edge of re-entrant superconductivity in UTe2","month":"04","has_accepted_license":"1","OA_place":"publisher","day":"29","external_id":{"arxiv":["2506.08984"]},"oa_version":"Published Version","acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"NanoFab"}],"publication_status":"published","article_type":"original","abstract":[{"text":"UTe2 exhibits the remarkable phenomenon of re-entrant superconductivity, whereby the zero-resistance state reappears above 40 tesla after being suppressed with a field of around 10 tesla. One potential pairing mechanism, invoked in the related re-entrant superconductors UCoGe and URhGe, involves transverse fluctuations of a ferromagnetic order parameter. However, the requisite ferromagnetic order—present in both UCoGe and URhGe—is absent in UTe2, and neutron scattering shows instead that the magnetic susceptibility is peaked at an antiferromagnetic wavevector. Here, we measure the magnetotropic susceptibility of UTe2 across two field-angle planes. This quantity is sensitive to the magnetic susceptibility in a direction transverse to the applied magnetic field—a quantity that is not accessed in conventional magnetization measurements. We observe a very large decrease in the magnetotropic susceptibility over a broad range of field orientations, indicating a large increase in the transverse magnetic susceptibility. Because our technique probes the magnetic susceptibility in the long wavelength (q = 0) limit, this suggests that the strong transverse susceptibility arises from ferromagnetic spin fluctuations. These ferromagnetic fluctuations are likely important for understanding the pairing mechanism in UTe2, as all three superconducting phases of UTe2 surround this region of enhanced susceptibility in the field-angle phase diagram.","lang":"eng"}],"file_date_updated":"2026-05-11T06:32:12Z","related_material":{"record":[{"id":"21174","status":"public","relation":"research_data"}]},"oa":1,"year":"2026","date_published":"2026-04-29T00:00:00Z","volume":17,"arxiv":1,"DOAJ_listed":"1","publisher":"Springer Nature","_id":"21845","file":[{"file_id":"21850","checksum":"8cb95b033ad2a1a7a8181f6f078c05b5","relation":"main_file","success":1,"file_size":1784917,"access_level":"open_access","content_type":"application/pdf","creator":"dernst","date_created":"2026-05-11T06:32:12Z","file_name":"2026_NatureComm_Zambra.pdf","date_updated":"2026-05-11T06:32:12Z"}],"intvolume":"        17","type":"journal_article","PlanS_conform":"1","doi":"10.1038/s41467-026-71899-7","project":[{"grant_number":"101078696","_id":"bd968c70-d553-11ed-ba76-cde40b0aba64","name":"Gaining leverage with spin liquids and superconductors"}],"date_created":"2026-05-10T22:02:15Z","author":[{"last_name":"Zambra","first_name":"Valeska","orcid":"0000-0002-8806-5719","full_name":"Zambra, Valeska","id":"467ed36b-dc96-11ea-b7c8-b043a380b282"},{"last_name":"Nathwani","first_name":"Amit","id":"1a362536-4d02-11f1-8543-8351136efc50","full_name":"Nathwani, Amit"},{"first_name":"Muhammad","last_name":"Nauman","full_name":"Nauman, Muhammad","id":"32c21954-2022-11eb-9d5f-af9f93c24e71","orcid":"0000-0002-2111-4846"},{"first_name":"Sylvia K.","last_name":"Lewin","full_name":"Lewin, Sylvia K."},{"last_name":"Frank","first_name":"Corey E.","full_name":"Frank, Corey E."},{"first_name":"Nicholas P.","last_name":"Butch","full_name":"Butch, Nicholas P."},{"full_name":"Shekhter, Arkady","last_name":"Shekhter","first_name":"Arkady"},{"first_name":"B. J.","last_name":"Ramshaw","full_name":"Ramshaw, B. J."},{"orcid":"0000-0001-9760-3147","id":"13C26AC0-EB69-11E9-87C6-5F3BE6697425","full_name":"Modic, Kimberly A","last_name":"Modic","first_name":"Kimberly A"}]},{"scopus_import":"1","citation":{"ama":"Baggen JFW, Scoggins MT, Van Dokkum P, Haiman Z, Torralba Torregrosa A, Matthee JJ. Connecting the dots: UV-bright companions of Little Red Dots as Lyman–Werner sources enabling direct-collapse Black Hole formation. <i>The Astrophysical Journal Letters</i>. 2026;1002(1). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ae58a5\">10.3847/2041-8213/ae58a5</a>","apa":"Baggen, J. F. W., Scoggins, M. T., Van Dokkum, P., Haiman, Z., Torralba Torregrosa, A., &#38; Matthee, J. J. (2026). Connecting the dots: UV-bright companions of Little Red Dots as Lyman–Werner sources enabling direct-collapse Black Hole formation. <i>The Astrophysical Journal Letters</i>. IOP Publishing. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ae58a5\">https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ae58a5</a>","ieee":"J. F. W. Baggen, M. T. Scoggins, P. Van Dokkum, Z. Haiman, A. Torralba Torregrosa, and J. J. Matthee, “Connecting the dots: UV-bright companions of Little Red Dots as Lyman–Werner sources enabling direct-collapse Black Hole formation,” <i>The Astrophysical Journal Letters</i>, vol. 1002, no. 1. IOP Publishing, 2026.","chicago":"Baggen, Josephine F.W., Matthew T. Scoggins, Pieter Van Dokkum, Zoltán Haiman, Alberto Torralba Torregrosa, and Jorryt J Matthee. “Connecting the Dots: UV-Bright Companions of Little Red Dots as Lyman–Werner Sources Enabling Direct-Collapse Black Hole Formation.” <i>The Astrophysical Journal Letters</i>. IOP Publishing, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ae58a5\">https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ae58a5</a>.","ista":"Baggen JFW, Scoggins MT, Van Dokkum P, Haiman Z, Torralba Torregrosa A, Matthee JJ. 2026. Connecting the dots: UV-bright companions of Little Red Dots as Lyman–Werner sources enabling direct-collapse Black Hole formation. The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 1002(1), L4.","mla":"Baggen, Josephine F. W., et al. “Connecting the Dots: UV-Bright Companions of Little Red Dots as Lyman–Werner Sources Enabling Direct-Collapse Black Hole Formation.” <i>The Astrophysical Journal Letters</i>, vol. 1002, no. 1, L4, IOP Publishing, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ae58a5\">10.3847/2041-8213/ae58a5</a>.","short":"J.F.W. Baggen, M.T. Scoggins, P. Van Dokkum, Z. Haiman, A. Torralba Torregrosa, J.J. Matthee, The Astrophysical Journal Letters 1002 (2026)."},"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"publication":"The Astrophysical Journal Letters","status":"public","department":[{"_id":"ZoHa"},{"_id":"JoMa"}],"ddc":["520"],"issue":"1","article_number":"L4","article_processing_charge":"Yes","date_updated":"2026-05-11T06:48:33Z","acknowledgement":"We thank Earl Bellinger, Fabio Pacucci, Andrea Ferrara, and Dale Kocevski for useful discussions. This work is based on observations made with the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope. The data were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-03127 for JWST. These imaging observations are associated with programs 1345, 1180, 1181, 1243, 6882, 2561, 1324, 4111, and 1895. The compiled dataset can be accessed at doi:10.17909/1m8f-9c47. The Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN) is funded by the Danish National Research Foundation under grant DNRF140. J.M. and A.T. acknowledge funding by the European Union (ERC, AGENTS, 101076224). This work was performed in part at Aspen Center for Physics, which is supported by National Science Foundation grant PHY-2210452. This work used the following Python packages: Matplotlib (J. D. Hunter 2007), SciPy (P. Virtanen et al. 2020), NumPy (S. van der Walt et al. 2011), AstroPy (Astropy Collaboration et al. 2022), colossus (B. Diemer 2018), and photutils (L. Bradley et al. 2025).","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2041-8205"],"eissn":["2041-8213"]},"title":"Connecting the dots: UV-bright companions of Little Red Dots as Lyman–Werner sources enabling direct-collapse Black Hole formation","OA_type":"gold","quality_controlled":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","abstract":[{"text":"We compile a sample of 83 little red dots (LRDs) with JWST imaging and find that a substantial fraction (∼43%, rising to ≳80% for the most luminous LRDs) host one or more spatially offset, UV-bright companions at projected separations of 0.5 kpc ≲ d ≲ 5 kpc, with median 〈d〉 = 1.0 kpc. This fraction is even higher when smaller spatial scales are probed at high signal-to-noise ratio: the two most strongly lensed LRDs, A383-LRD1 and the newly discovered A68-LRD1, both have UV-bright companions at separations of only d ∼ 0.3 kpc, below the resolution limit of most unlensed JWST samples. We explore whether these ubiquitous red/blue configurations may be physically linked to the formation of LRDs, in analogy with the “synchronized pair” scenario originally proposed for direct-collapse black hole formation. In this picture, UV radiation from the companions, with typically modest stellar masses (M∗ ∼ 108−109 M⊙), suppresses molecular hydrogen cooling in nearby gas, allowing nearly isothermal collapse and the formation of extremely compact objects, such as massive black holes, supermassive stars, or quasi-stars. Using component-resolved photometry and spectral energy distribution modeling, we infer Lyman–Werner radiation fields of J21,LW ∼ 102.5–105 at the locations of the red components, comparable to those required in direct-collapse models, suggesting that the necessary photodissociation conditions are realized in many LRD systems. This framework provides a simple and self-consistent explanation for the extreme compactness and distinctive spectral properties of LRDs and links long-standing theoretical models for early compact object formation directly to a population now observed with JWST in the early Universe.","lang":"eng"}],"publication_status":"published","article_type":"original","file_date_updated":"2026-05-11T06:44:37Z","date_published":"2026-04-10T00:00:00Z","volume":1002,"oa":1,"year":"2026","DOAJ_listed":"1","arxiv":1,"has_accepted_license":"1","month":"04","day":"10","OA_place":"publisher","oa_version":"Published Version","external_id":{"arxiv":["2602.02702"]},"intvolume":"      1002","type":"journal_article","PlanS_conform":"1","project":[{"grant_number":"101076224","_id":"bd9b2118-d553-11ed-ba76-db24564edfea","name":"Young galaxies as tracers and agents of cosmic reionization"}],"doi":"10.3847/2041-8213/ae58a5","author":[{"full_name":"Baggen, Josephine F.W.","last_name":"Baggen","first_name":"Josephine F.W."},{"last_name":"Scoggins","first_name":"Matthew T.","full_name":"Scoggins, Matthew T."},{"last_name":"Van Dokkum","first_name":"Pieter","full_name":"Van Dokkum, Pieter"},{"full_name":"Haiman, Zoltán","id":"7c006e8c-cc0d-11ee-8322-cb904ef76f36","orcid":"0000-0003-3633-5403","first_name":"Zoltán","last_name":"Haiman"},{"first_name":"Alberto","last_name":"Torralba Torregrosa","full_name":"Torralba Torregrosa, Alberto","id":"018f0249-0e87-11f0-b167-cbce08fbd541","orcid":"0000-0001-5586-6950"},{"first_name":"Jorryt J","last_name":"Matthee","id":"7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720","full_name":"Matthee, Jorryt J","orcid":"0000-0003-2871-127X"}],"date_created":"2026-05-10T22:02:15Z","publisher":"IOP Publishing","_id":"21846","file":[{"date_updated":"2026-05-11T06:44:37Z","creator":"dernst","date_created":"2026-05-11T06:44:37Z","file_name":"2026_AstrophysicalJourLetters_Baggen.pdf","content_type":"application/pdf","access_level":"open_access","file_size":13359642,"relation":"main_file","checksum":"8c31d8603cd6ad39c772a72d136dc3f8","success":1,"file_id":"21851"}]},{"article_processing_charge":"Yes","article_number":"023094","title":"Learning minimal representations of many-body physics from snapshots of a quantum simulator","acknowledgement":"We thank Sebastian Erne and Igor Mazets for helpful discussions and sharing codes for the transfer matrix sampling. This research was funded in part by the European Research Council: ERC Advanced Grant “Emergence in Quantum Physics” (EmQ) under Grant Agreement No. 101097858 and ERC Advanced Grant “Artificial agency and learning in quantum environments” (QuantAI) under Grant Agreement No. 101055129. This work was also supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) (SFB BeyondC F7102, 10.55776/F71). G.F.-F. acknowledges the European Research Council AdG NOQIA; MCIN/AEI [PGC2018-0910.13039/501100011033, CEX2019-000910-S/10.13039/501100011033, Plan National FIDEUA PID2019-106901GB-I00, Plan National STAMEENA PID2022-139099NB, I00, project funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by the “European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR” (PRTR-C17.I1), FPI]; QUANTERA DYNAMITE PCI2022-132919 under Grant Agreement No. 101017733; Ministry for Digital Transformation and of Civil Service of the Spanish Government through the QUANTUM ENIA project call—Quantum Spain project, and by the European Union through the Recovery, Transformation and Resilience Plan—NextGenerationEU within the framework of the Digital Spain 2026 Agenda; Fundació Cellex; Fundació Mir-Puig; Generalitat de Catalunya (European Social Fund FEDER and CERCA program); Barcelona Supercomputing Center MareNostrum (FI-2023-3-0024); (HORIZON-CL4-2022-QUANTUM-02-SGA PASQuanS2.1, 101113690, EU Horizon 2020 FET-OPEN OPTOlogic, Grant No. 899794, QU-ATTO, 101168628), EU Horizon Europe Program (This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon Europe research and innovation program under Grant Agreement No. 101080086 NeQST); ICFO Internal “QuantumGaudi” project. This research was funded in whole or in part by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [10.55776/COE1] through the Cluster of Excellence quantA (Quantum Science Austria).\r\n\r\nThe views and opinions expressed in this article are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European Research Council—neither the European Union nor the granting authority can be held responsible for them.","date_updated":"2026-05-11T06:58:56Z","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2643-1564"]},"OA_type":"gold","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","quality_controlled":"1","citation":{"ama":"Moller FS, Fernández-Fernández G, Schweigler T, De Schoulepnikoff P, Schmiedmayer J, Muñoz-Gil G. Learning minimal representations of many-body physics from snapshots of a quantum simulator. <i>Physical Review Research</i>. 2026;8(2). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/r7pj-gl7r\">10.1103/r7pj-gl7r</a>","apa":"Moller, F. S., Fernández-Fernández, G., Schweigler, T., De Schoulepnikoff, P., Schmiedmayer, J., &#38; Muñoz-Gil, G. (2026). Learning minimal representations of many-body physics from snapshots of a quantum simulator. <i>Physical Review Research</i>. American Physical Society. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/r7pj-gl7r\">https://doi.org/10.1103/r7pj-gl7r</a>","ieee":"F. S. Moller, G. Fernández-Fernández, T. Schweigler, P. De Schoulepnikoff, J. Schmiedmayer, and G. Muñoz-Gil, “Learning minimal representations of many-body physics from snapshots of a quantum simulator,” <i>Physical Review Research</i>, vol. 8, no. 2. American Physical Society, 2026.","chicago":"Moller, Frederik Skovbo, Gabriel Fernández-Fernández, Thomas Schweigler, Paulin De Schoulepnikoff, Jörg Schmiedmayer, and Gorka Muñoz-Gil. “Learning Minimal Representations of Many-Body Physics from Snapshots of a Quantum Simulator.” <i>Physical Review Research</i>. American Physical Society, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/r7pj-gl7r\">https://doi.org/10.1103/r7pj-gl7r</a>.","ista":"Moller FS, Fernández-Fernández G, Schweigler T, De Schoulepnikoff P, Schmiedmayer J, Muñoz-Gil G. 2026. Learning minimal representations of many-body physics from snapshots of a quantum simulator. Physical Review Research. 8(2), 023094.","mla":"Moller, Frederik Skovbo, et al. “Learning Minimal Representations of Many-Body Physics from Snapshots of a Quantum Simulator.” <i>Physical Review Research</i>, vol. 8, no. 2, 023094, American Physical Society, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/r7pj-gl7r\">10.1103/r7pj-gl7r</a>.","short":"F.S. Moller, G. Fernández-Fernández, T. Schweigler, P. De Schoulepnikoff, J. Schmiedmayer, G. Muñoz-Gil, Physical Review Research 8 (2026)."},"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"publication":"Physical Review Research","scopus_import":"1","status":"public","department":[{"_id":"EdHa"}],"ddc":["530"],"issue":"2","PlanS_conform":"1","type":"journal_article","intvolume":"         8","date_created":"2026-05-10T22:02:15Z","author":[{"id":"43cbcc83-0564-11f0-a935-e37325525859","full_name":"Moller, Frederik Skovbo","last_name":"Moller","first_name":"Frederik Skovbo"},{"first_name":"Gabriel","last_name":"Fernández-Fernández","full_name":"Fernández-Fernández, Gabriel"},{"full_name":"Schweigler, Thomas","first_name":"Thomas","last_name":"Schweigler"},{"full_name":"De Schoulepnikoff, Paulin","first_name":"Paulin","last_name":"De Schoulepnikoff"},{"full_name":"Schmiedmayer, Jörg","first_name":"Jörg","last_name":"Schmiedmayer"},{"full_name":"Muñoz-Gil, Gorka","last_name":"Muñoz-Gil","first_name":"Gorka"}],"doi":"10.1103/r7pj-gl7r","_id":"21847","publisher":"American Physical Society","file":[{"file_name":"2026_PhysicalReviewResearch_Moller.pdf","date_created":"2026-05-11T06:56:58Z","creator":"dernst","date_updated":"2026-05-11T06:56:58Z","file_size":1829628,"access_level":"open_access","content_type":"application/pdf","file_id":"21852","checksum":"dbfc58e1e176f7b63e0d274eb0d1bffa","success":1,"relation":"main_file"}],"file_date_updated":"2026-05-11T06:56:58Z","abstract":[{"text":"Analog quantum simulators provide access to many-body dynamics beyond the reach of classical computation. However, extracting physical insights from experimental data is often hindered by measurement noise, limited observables, and incomplete knowledge of the underlying microscopic model. Here, we develop a machine learning approach based on a variational autoencoder (VAE) to analyze interference measurements of tunnel-coupled one-dimensional Bose gases, which realize the sine-Gordon quantum field theory. Trained in an unsupervised manner, the VAE learns a minimal latent representation that strongly correlates with the equilibrium control parameter of the system. Applied to nonequilibrium protocols, the latent space uncovers signatures of frozen-in solitons following rapid cooling, and reveals anomalous postquench dynamics not captured by conventional correlation-based methods. These results demonstrate that generative models can extract physically interpretable variables directly from noisy and sparse experimental data, providing complementary probes of equilibrium and nonequilibrium physics in quantum simulators. More broadly, our work highlights how machine learning can supplement established field-theoretical techniques, paving the way for scalable, data-driven discovery in quantum many-body systems.","lang":"eng"}],"publication_status":"published","article_type":"original","arxiv":1,"DOAJ_listed":"1","date_published":"2026-04-29T00:00:00Z","volume":8,"year":"2026","oa":1,"has_accepted_license":"1","month":"04","oa_version":"Published Version","external_id":{"arxiv":["2509.13821"]},"day":"29","OA_place":"publisher"},{"date_created":"2026-05-10T22:02:16Z","author":[{"first_name":"Klara","last_name":"Klein","full_name":"Klein, Klara"},{"last_name":"Johnson","first_name":"Litty","full_name":"Johnson, Litty"},{"last_name":"Rîca","first_name":"Ramona","full_name":"Rîca, Ramona"},{"first_name":"Mirza","last_name":"Sarcevic","full_name":"Sarcevic, Mirza"},{"last_name":"Carta","first_name":"Gabriele","full_name":"Carta, Gabriele"},{"full_name":"Seiser, Saskia","first_name":"Saskia","last_name":"Seiser"},{"full_name":"Elbe-Bürger, Adelheid","last_name":"Elbe-Bürger","first_name":"Adelheid"},{"id":"3C1BE782-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Langer, Freyja","first_name":"Freyja","last_name":"Langer"},{"last_name":"Rahhal","first_name":"Nowras","full_name":"Rahhal, Nowras"},{"full_name":"Rademacher, Christoph","first_name":"Christoph","last_name":"Rademacher"},{"full_name":"Wawrzinek, Robert","first_name":"Robert","last_name":"Wawrzinek"},{"full_name":"Quattrone, Federica","first_name":"Federica","last_name":"Quattrone"},{"full_name":"Sparber, Florian","last_name":"Sparber","first_name":"Florian"}],"doi":"10.1016/j.jid.2026.03.026","type":"journal_article","_id":"21848","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.06.25.661517"}],"publisher":"Elsevier","year":"2026","oa":1,"date_published":"2026-04-07T00:00:00Z","publication_status":"inpress","article_type":"original","acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"PreCl"}],"abstract":[{"text":"Despite the success of mRNA therapeutics, challenges remain in optimizing immune responses and minimizing side effects. Cell-specific antigen delivery may help reduce required doses and improve vaccine efficacy. In this study, we report on a targeted delivery system for mRNA to a specific subset of skin-resident antigen-presenting cells: Langerhans cells. By functionalizing lipid nanoparticles with a langerin-specific glycomimetic ligand, we achieve selective mRNA delivery to both murine and human primary Langerhans cells with minimal off-target uptake, at the same time resulting in significantly increased mRNA translation. This targeted mRNA delivery not only enhances antigen presentation and T-cell responses but also enables dose-sparing and superior antitumor immunity compared with conventional immunization in a B16-OVA tumor model. Importantly, our platform’s high compatibility with various lipid nanoparticle formulations offers a flexible and precise tool for skin-directed mRNA delivery.","lang":"eng"}],"oa_version":"Preprint","OA_place":"repository","day":"07","month":"04","title":"Langerhans cell–targeted mRNA delivery: A strategy for dose-sparing and enhanced antitumor immunity","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1523-1747"],"issn":["0022-202X"]},"date_updated":"2026-05-11T06:07:32Z","acknowledgement":"We thank Mareike Rentzsch for her intellectual contributions during the course of our discussions. We thank Michael Schunn from the Preclinical Facility of the Institute of Science and Technology Austria for his continuous technical support. Guarantor of the work is FS. This project was supported by “Seedfinancing” (P2282679) of the Austrian Federal Ministry of Digital and Economic Affairs and the Ministry of Climate Action and Energy, handled by the Austrian Wirtschaftsservice, as well as by...","article_processing_charge":"No","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","OA_type":"green","status":"public","publication":"Journal of Investigative Dermatology","citation":{"short":"K. Klein, L. Johnson, R. Rîca, M. Sarcevic, G. Carta, S. Seiser, A. Elbe-Bürger, F. Langer, N. Rahhal, C. Rademacher, R. Wawrzinek, F. Quattrone, F. Sparber, Journal of Investigative Dermatology (n.d.).","mla":"Klein, Klara, et al. “Langerhans Cell–Targeted MRNA Delivery: A Strategy for Dose-Sparing and Enhanced Antitumor Immunity.” <i>Journal of Investigative Dermatology</i>, Elsevier, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2026.03.026\">10.1016/j.jid.2026.03.026</a>.","ista":"Klein K, Johnson L, Rîca R, Sarcevic M, Carta G, Seiser S, Elbe-Bürger A, Langer F, Rahhal N, Rademacher C, Wawrzinek R, Quattrone F, Sparber F. Langerhans cell–targeted mRNA delivery: A strategy for dose-sparing and enhanced antitumor immunity. Journal of Investigative Dermatology.","chicago":"Klein, Klara, Litty Johnson, Ramona Rîca, Mirza Sarcevic, Gabriele Carta, Saskia Seiser, Adelheid Elbe-Bürger, et al. “Langerhans Cell–Targeted MRNA Delivery: A Strategy for Dose-Sparing and Enhanced Antitumor Immunity.” <i>Journal of Investigative Dermatology</i>. Elsevier, n.d. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2026.03.026\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2026.03.026</a>.","ieee":"K. Klein <i>et al.</i>, “Langerhans cell–targeted mRNA delivery: A strategy for dose-sparing and enhanced antitumor immunity,” <i>Journal of Investigative Dermatology</i>. Elsevier.","apa":"Klein, K., Johnson, L., Rîca, R., Sarcevic, M., Carta, G., Seiser, S., … Sparber, F. (n.d.). Langerhans cell–targeted mRNA delivery: A strategy for dose-sparing and enhanced antitumor immunity. <i>Journal of Investigative Dermatology</i>. Elsevier. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2026.03.026\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2026.03.026</a>","ama":"Klein K, Johnson L, Rîca R, et al. Langerhans cell–targeted mRNA delivery: A strategy for dose-sparing and enhanced antitumor immunity. <i>Journal of Investigative Dermatology</i>. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2026.03.026\">10.1016/j.jid.2026.03.026</a>"},"scopus_import":"1","department":[{"_id":"PreCl"}]},{"status":"public","citation":{"ieee":"V. Goeschl <i>et al.</i>, “α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex activity modulates glutamate excitotoxicity via metabotropic regulation of NMDA receptors in primary cultures,” <i>Journal of Cell Science</i>, vol. 139, no. 8. The Company of Biologists, 2026.","apa":"Goeschl, V., Hotka, M., Hochreiter, B., Hilber, K., Boehm, S., Kozlov, A. V., &#38; Kubista, H. (2026). α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex activity modulates glutamate excitotoxicity via metabotropic regulation of NMDA receptors in primary cultures. <i>Journal of Cell Science</i>. The Company of Biologists. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.264420\">https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.264420</a>","ama":"Goeschl V, Hotka M, Hochreiter B, et al. α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex activity modulates glutamate excitotoxicity via metabotropic regulation of NMDA receptors in primary cultures. <i>Journal of Cell Science</i>. 2026;139(8). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.264420\">10.1242/jcs.264420</a>","ista":"Goeschl V, Hotka M, Hochreiter B, Hilber K, Boehm S, Kozlov AV, Kubista H. 2026. α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex activity modulates glutamate excitotoxicity via metabotropic regulation of NMDA receptors in primary cultures. Journal of Cell Science. 139(8), jcs264420.","mla":"Goeschl, Vanessa, et al. “α-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex Activity Modulates Glutamate Excitotoxicity via Metabotropic Regulation of NMDA Receptors in Primary Cultures.” <i>Journal of Cell Science</i>, vol. 139, no. 8, jcs264420, The Company of Biologists, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.264420\">10.1242/jcs.264420</a>.","chicago":"Goeschl, Vanessa, Matej Hotka, Bernhard Hochreiter, Karlheinz Hilber, Stefan Boehm, Andrey V. Kozlov, and Helmut Kubista. “α-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex Activity Modulates Glutamate Excitotoxicity via Metabotropic Regulation of NMDA Receptors in Primary Cultures.” <i>Journal of Cell Science</i>. The Company of Biologists, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.264420\">https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.264420</a>.","short":"V. Goeschl, M. Hotka, B. Hochreiter, K. Hilber, S. Boehm, A.V. Kozlov, H. Kubista, Journal of Cell Science 139 (2026)."},"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"publication":"Journal of Cell Science","scopus_import":"1","ddc":["570"],"issue":"8","department":[{"_id":"Bio"}],"pmid":1,"title":"α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex activity modulates glutamate excitotoxicity via metabotropic regulation of NMDA receptors in primary cultures","date_updated":"2026-05-12T06:40:18Z","acknowledgement":"The technical assistance by Tanja Wagner and Elena Lilliu is gratefully acknowledged. This research was funded in whole or in part by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) (P36145 to H.K., PAT8605623 to M.H. and P33799 to A.V.K.]. Open Access funding provided by Medical University of Vienna and the Austrian Science Fund (FWF). Deposited in PMC for immediate release.","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1477-9137"],"issn":["0021-9533"]},"article_processing_charge":"Yes (via OA deal)","article_number":"jcs264420","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"quality_controlled":"1","OA_type":"hybrid","date_published":"2026-04-27T00:00:00Z","volume":139,"year":"2026","oa":1,"file_date_updated":"2026-05-12T06:27:54Z","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Glutamate excitotoxicity is a cell death mechanism triggered by accumulation of glutamate in the extracellular space. The α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (αKGDHC), an enzyme of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, represents a branching point controlling glutamate formation and its consumption as a fuel. Hence, modulation of the activity of αKGDHC might alter the amount of glutamate available for excitotoxic effects. To address this hypothesis, hippocampal neurons in primary co-culture with glial cells were exposed to zero-Mg2 buffer to elicit excitotoxicity through N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor disinhibition. Pretreatment of the cultures with succinyl phosphonate, to inhibit αKGDHC, enhanced excitotoxity, whereas promotion of αKGDHC activity by pretreatment with thiamine caused an opposite action. Moreover, NMDA receptor currents – but not those mediated by α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors – were potentiated in neurons with impaired αKGDHC activity and diminished in neurons with boosted αKGDHC activity. The sensitization of NMDA receptors involved mGluR1 activation and was accompanied by enhanced neuronal discharge activity, elevated basal cytosolic Ca2+ levels, and augmented Ca2+ responses evoked by glutamate application. These results suggest that mGluR1-mediated potentiation of NMDA receptors contributes to a mechanism by which inhibition of αKGDHC might exacerbate glutamate excitotoxicity."}],"article_type":"original","publication_status":"published","oa_version":"Published Version","external_id":{"pmid":["41834724"]},"day":"27","OA_place":"publisher","has_accepted_license":"1","month":"04","author":[{"last_name":"Goeschl","first_name":"Vanessa","full_name":"Goeschl, Vanessa"},{"full_name":"Hotka, Matej","last_name":"Hotka","first_name":"Matej"},{"first_name":"Bernhard","last_name":"Hochreiter","id":"e6cab3de-17f6-11ed-9210-c1e42e045e9d","full_name":"Hochreiter, Bernhard"},{"first_name":"Karlheinz","last_name":"Hilber","full_name":"Hilber, Karlheinz"},{"first_name":"Stefan","last_name":"Boehm","full_name":"Boehm, Stefan"},{"full_name":"Kozlov, Andrey V.","first_name":"Andrey V.","last_name":"Kozlov"},{"last_name":"Kubista","first_name":"Helmut","full_name":"Kubista, Helmut"}],"date_created":"2026-05-11T10:52:27Z","doi":"10.1242/jcs.264420","PlanS_conform":"1","intvolume":"       139","type":"journal_article","file":[{"access_level":"open_access","file_size":1957057,"content_type":"application/pdf","file_id":"21861","success":1,"checksum":"8db35c97588c2f6ef88c7e8d5924cf8c","relation":"main_file","file_name":"2026_JourCellScience_Goeschl.pdf","date_created":"2026-05-12T06:27:54Z","creator":"dernst","date_updated":"2026-05-12T06:27:54Z"}],"_id":"21860","publisher":"The Company of Biologists"},{"article_processing_charge":"No","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2663-337X"]},"date_updated":"2026-05-20T13:35:43Z","acknowledgement":"The author of this work was supported by the European Research Council under grant no.\r\n101089099 (ERC CoG cQEO) and the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation\r\nprogram under grant no. 899354 (FETopen SuperQuLAN).\r\nThis work was also supported by the European Research Council under grant nos. 758053\r\n(ERC StG QUNNECT), 101248662 (ERC POC CoupledEOT), and the European Innovation\r\nCouncil no. 101187231 (PathfinderOpen CIELO). This research was funded in whole or in part\r\nby the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [10.55776/F71]. For open access purposes, the author\r\nhas applied a CC BY public copyright license to any author accepted manuscript version arising\r\nfrom this submission.\r\niii\r\nMy co-authors in the works mentioned later acknowledge generous support from the ISTFELLOW program, the NOMIS-ISTA fellowship, the Horizon Europe Program HORIZONCL4-2022-QUANTUM-01-SGA via Project No. 101113946 OpenSuperQPlus100 and a DOC fellowship of the Austrian Academy of Sciences at IST Austria.\r\n","title":"Interfacing superconducting qubits with optical photons","user_id":"8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"degree_awarded":"PhD","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"citation":{"ama":"Werner T. Interfacing superconducting qubits with optical photons. 2026. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-21863\">10.15479/AT-ISTA-21863</a>","apa":"Werner, T. (2026). <i>Interfacing superconducting qubits with optical photons</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-21863\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-21863</a>","ieee":"T. Werner, “Interfacing superconducting qubits with optical photons,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026.","short":"T. Werner, Interfacing Superconducting Qubits with Optical Photons, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026.","chicago":"Werner, Thomas. “Interfacing Superconducting Qubits with Optical Photons.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-21863\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-21863</a>.","ista":"Werner T. 2026. Interfacing superconducting qubits with optical photons. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","mla":"Werner, Thomas. <i>Interfacing Superconducting Qubits with Optical Photons</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-21863\">10.15479/AT-ISTA-21863</a>."},"page":"97","keyword":["Superconducting qubits","Quantum optics","Single photons and quantum effects","Nonlinear optics"],"status":"public","department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"JoFi"}],"corr_author":"1","ddc":["530","537","539"],"type":"dissertation","doi":"10.15479/AT-ISTA-21863","project":[{"grant_number":"101089099","_id":"bdadfa0d-d553-11ed-ba76-fb85edbd456a","name":"Cavity Quantum Electro Optics: Microwave photonics with nonclassical states"},{"grant_number":"899354","_id":"9B868D20-BA93-11EA-9121-9846C619BF3A","name":"Quantum Local Area Networks with Superconducting Qubits","call_identifier":"H2020"},{"_id":"26336814-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"A Fiber Optic Transceiver for Superconducting Qubits","call_identifier":"H2020","grant_number":"758053"},{"_id":"5b807754-ab3d-11f0-914f-ff8c34502cc9","name":"Integrated optical coupling for low loss electro-optic interconnects","grant_number":"101248662"},{"grant_number":"101187231","_id":"91aaf765-16d5-11f0-9cad-a8e7e44cccb7","name":"Cavity-Integrated Electro-Optics: Measuring, Converting and Manipulating Microwaves with Light"},{"name":"QUANTUM INFORMATION SYSTEMS BEYOND CLASSICAL CAPABILITIES / P5- Integration of Superconducting Quantum Circuits","_id":"bdb108fd-d553-11ed-ba76-83dc74a9864f","grant_number":"F07105"},{"_id":"bdb7cfc1-d553-11ed-ba76-d2eaab167738","name":"Open Superconducting Quantum Computers (OpenSuperQPlus)","grant_number":"101080139"},{"name":"NOMIS Fellowship Program","_id":"9B861AAC-BA93-11EA-9121-9846C619BF3A"}],"author":[{"orcid":"0009-0001-2346-5236","full_name":"Werner, Thomas","id":"1fcd8497-dba3-11ea-a45e-c6fbd715f7c7","last_name":"Werner","first_name":"Thomas"}],"date_created":"2026-05-12T09:04:02Z","publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","supervisor":[{"last_name":"Fink","first_name":"Johannes M","orcid":"0000-0001-8112-028X","full_name":"Fink, Johannes M","id":"4B591CBA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}],"_id":"21863","file":[{"file_name":"2026_Werner_Thomas_Thesis.pdf","date_created":"2026-05-15T15:53:57Z","creator":"twerner","date_updated":"2026-05-15T15:53:57Z","file_id":"21879","checksum":"a5b4d8dba83f96e955a3625c0eebee98","relation":"main_file","file_size":9330516,"access_level":"open_access","content_type":"application/pdf"},{"relation":"source_file","checksum":"b41282beaacfb32472769b9e3b1758d8","file_id":"21880","content_type":"application/x-zip-compressed","access_level":"closed","file_size":9370704,"date_updated":"2026-05-15T15:54:06Z","creator":"twerner","date_created":"2026-05-15T15:54:06Z","file_name":"2026_Werner_Thomas_Thesis.zip"}],"acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"M-Shop"},{"_id":"NanoFab"},{"_id":"LifeSc"},{"_id":"SSU"}],"publication_status":"published","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Atoms and photons, two things so different but yet so alike. The former, the building block of matter, something we learn about in school and imagine it as some tiny marbles encircled by other tinier marbles. The latter, an electromagnetic wave, a light particle or an excitation of the electromagnetic field. Quantum mechanics tells us about the properties of these two entities. And even if it sounds, looks and writes counter-intuitive, it has proven right for over a century now.\r\n\r\nIn this work, I elaborate on how we tested the laws of quantum mechanics and how we used them learn more about the tiny building blocks of nature and the fields they use to talk to each other. The atoms we use, are artificial. Superconducting qubits, small electrical circuits with quantized energy levels behave like electrons that transition between different orbitals in an atom. One of the qubits' advantages, is also a big disadvantage. We design the circuits' energy levels and fabricate them in a cleanroom. This allows for arbitrary spaced energy levels but in contrast to real atoms, prevents two superconducting qubits from being alike. Still, this qubit platform is one of the frontrunners for future quantum computing technology and testing fundamental physics due to their scalability.\r\n\r\nWe interface superconducting qubits, which operate in the GHz regime, with microwave photons. We use 3D aluminum cavities as mediators between qubits and photons. The cavities allow for non-destructive readout of the qubit state, they shield the qubits from noise at the qubit frequency and they give us an easy way to frequency-tune these joint systems.\r\n\r\nWe need to operate superconducting qubits and their cavities at millikelvin temperatures in dilution refrigerators. At higher temperatures, superconductivity suffers and even worse, the environment is filled with thermal noise photons. This poses a fundamental limitation on the scalability of superconducting qubit devices. Also connecting multiple devices in different fridges does not work over room temperature links because the microwave photons used for this purpose will be covered in noise and the quantum information they carry, will be unusable.\r\n\r\nInfrared photons do not suffer from this noise problem since there are close to zero thermal noise photons at their frequencies at room temperature. We cannot simply interface superconducting devices with optical photons due their frequency mismatch and the destructive effect of optical photons on superconductors. Therefore, we use microwave-to-optics transducers that allow to convert microwave photons into optical ones and vice-versa. The transducers that we use are macroscopic electro-optic transducers using the Pockels effect in a disk-shaped Lithium Niobate whispering gallery mode resonator. By using a strong optical pump, photons from the two frequency domains experience a beam-splitter interaction and get converted from one to the other.\r\n\r\nWe measure the generated optical photons using elaborate optical setups, optical heterodyning and single photon detectors to gain knowledge about the qubit state or the converted microwave photons. Bridging the microwave and the optical world allows us to take advantage of both of their strengths but it also requires deep knowledge about both of their working principles.\r\n\r\nIn this work, we describe two experiments that our group conducted to showcase the opportunities that arise from interfacing superconducting qubits with optical photons but also the pitfalls, one may encounter on the way.\r\n\r\nIn the first experiment, we managed to all-optically read out a superconducting qubit. We show that the assignment fidelity, the probability that a measurement of the qubit state matches the prepared state, is close to equal for all-optical, microwave-to-optics and conventional microwave readout. We show T1 and T2 measurements for all three readout types and give an analysis of the noise caused by the optics. Finally, we show that the infrared light does not affect the qubit performance in a negative way but that the heating it causes does. This is an important insight that we used in the next experiment.\r\n\r\nThe second experiment is the upconversion of itinerant single microwave photons to the optical domain. We show that we can generate single microwave photons from a qubit-cavity system. We upconvert these single photons, measure them with a single photon detector and reconstruct their shape. By conducting a single photon Rabi measurement, we show correlations between the microwave and the optical domain. And by thorough signal-to-noise measurements and noise analysis, we find that we can generate single infrared photons with high signal-to-noise ratio 5.1 and low transducer added noise (<0.012 quanta). We show that this measurement creates a path towards entanglement of a superconducting qubit and an optical photon and what parameters need to be improved to achieve it. Additionally, this experiment is a proof of principle for an on-demand infrared single photon source. More generally, it allows to link microwave quantum technology in general to the optical domain."}],"file_date_updated":"2026-05-15T15:54:06Z","related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"part_of_dissertation","status":"public","id":"19073"},{"relation":"part_of_dissertation","status":"public","id":"21870"}]},"year":"2026","oa":1,"date_published":"2026-05-12T00:00:00Z","alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"month":"05","has_accepted_license":"1","OA_place":"publisher","day":"12","ec_funded":1,"oa_version":"Published Version"},{"type":"preprint","author":[{"last_name":"Werner","first_name":"Thomas","orcid":"0009-0001-2346-5236","full_name":"Werner, Thomas","id":"1fcd8497-dba3-11ea-a45e-c6fbd715f7c7"},{"last_name":"Riyazi","first_name":"Erfan","full_name":"Riyazi, Erfan","id":"53322f94-5355-11ee-ae5a-ff6f81c87d51"},{"last_name":"Hawaldar","first_name":"Samarth","orcid":"0000-0002-1965-4309","id":"221708e1-1ff6-11ee-9fa6-85146607433e","full_name":"Hawaldar, Samarth"},{"last_name":"Sahu","first_name":"Rishabh","orcid":"0000-0001-6264-2162","full_name":"Sahu, Rishabh","id":"47D26E34-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"first_name":"Georg M","last_name":"Arnold","id":"3770C838-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Arnold, Georg M","orcid":"0000-0003-1397-7876"},{"last_name":"Paul Falthansl-Scheinecker","first_name":"Paul Falthansl-Scheinecker","full_name":"Paul Falthansl-Scheinecker, Paul Falthansl-Scheinecker"},{"full_name":"Naranjo, Jennifer A. Sánchez","last_name":"Naranjo","first_name":"Jennifer A. Sánchez"},{"full_name":"Loi, Dante","first_name":"Dante","last_name":"Loi"},{"full_name":"Kapoor, Lucky N.","first_name":"Lucky N.","last_name":"Kapoor"},{"orcid":"0009-0005-0878-3032","full_name":"Zemlicka, Martin","id":"2DCF8DE6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Zemlicka","first_name":"Martin"},{"first_name":"Liu","last_name":"Qiu","id":"45e99c0d-1eb1-11eb-9b96-ed8ab2983cac","full_name":"Qiu, Liu","orcid":"0000-0003-4345-4267"},{"last_name":"Militaru","first_name":"Andrei","id":"d67706f8-8eb1-11ee-ad1b-9c30dfa19e0b","full_name":"Militaru, Andrei"},{"last_name":"Fink","first_name":"Johannes M","orcid":"0000-0001-8112-028X","id":"4B591CBA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Fink, Johannes M"}],"date_created":"2026-05-12T13:58:18Z","project":[{"name":"Cavity Quantum Electro Optics: Microwave photonics with nonclassical states","_id":"bdadfa0d-d553-11ed-ba76-fb85edbd456a","grant_number":"101089099"},{"name":"Integrated optical coupling for low loss electro-optic interconnects","_id":"5b807754-ab3d-11f0-914f-ff8c34502cc9","grant_number":"101248662"},{"grant_number":"899354","call_identifier":"H2020","name":"Quantum Local Area Networks with Superconducting Qubits","_id":"9B868D20-BA93-11EA-9121-9846C619BF3A"},{"_id":"91aaf765-16d5-11f0-9cad-a8e7e44cccb7","name":"Cavity-Integrated Electro-Optics: Measuring, Converting and Manipulating Microwaves with Light","grant_number":"101187231"},{"_id":"26927A52-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"FWF","name":"Integrating superconducting quantum circuits","grant_number":"F07105"},{"name":"NOMIS Fellowship Program","_id":"9B861AAC-BA93-11EA-9121-9846C619BF3A"}],"doi":"10.48550/arXiv.2602.00928","_id":"21870","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2602.00928","open_access":"1"}],"related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","id":"21863","relation":"dissertation_contains"}]},"publication_status":"draft","abstract":[{"text":"Superconducting qubits are a leading candidate for utility-scale quantum computing due to their fast gate speeds and steadily decreasing error rates. The requirement for millikelvin operating temperatures, however, creates a significant scaling bottleneck. Modular architectures using optical fiber links could bridge separate cryogenic nodes, but superconducting circuits do not have coherent optical transitions and microwave-to-optical conversion has not been shown for any non-classical photon state. In this work, we demonstrate the on-demand generation and tomographic reconstruction of itinerant single microwave photons at 8.9 GHz from a superconducting qubit. We upconvert this non-Gaussian state with a transducer added noise below 0.012 quanta and count the converted telecom photons at 193.4 THz with a signal-to-noise ratio of up to 5.1$\\pm$1.1. We characterize the trade-offs between throughput and noise, and establish a viable path toward heralded entanglement distribution and gate teleportation. Looking ahead, these results empower existing superconducting devices to take a key role in distributed quantum technologies and heterogeneous quantum systems.","lang":"eng"}],"arxiv":1,"year":"2026","oa":1,"date_published":"2026-01-31T00:00:00Z","month":"01","external_id":{"arxiv":["2602.00928"]},"ec_funded":1,"oa_version":"Preprint","OA_place":"repository","day":"31","article_processing_charge":"No","title":"Electro-optic conversion of itinerant Fock states","date_updated":"2026-05-20T13:35:42Z","acknowledgement":"We thank Fritz Diorico and Onur Hosten who suggested the filter cavity design, and gave important insights about the assembly and the testing of the FabryPerot filter cavities. Ekatrina Fedotova and Diego A.\r\nLancheros Naranjo worked on the filter cavity setup in\r\nthe early stages of this work. Gustavo Wiederhecker and\r\nYiewen Chu provided insights as to the origins of the\r\nobserved optical noise and Nicola Carlon Zambon suggested using telecom filters to mitigate it further. This\r\nwork was supported by the European Research Council under grant agreement no. 101089099 (ERC CoG\r\ncQEO), and 101248662 (ERC POC CoupledEOT), the\r\nEuropean Unions Horizon 2020 research and innovation\r\nprogram under grant agreement no. 899354 (FETopen\r\nSuperQuLAN), the European Innovation Council no.\r\n101187231 (PathfinderOpen CIELO), and the Austrian\r\nScience Fund (FWF) no. F7105 (SFB BeyondC). J.F.\r\nand L.K. acknowledge support from the Horizon Europe\r\nProgram HORIZON-CL4-2022-QUANTUM-01-SGA via\r\nProject No. 101113946 OpenSuperQPlus100. A.M. acknowledges support from the NOMIS-ISTA fellowship.","OA_type":"green","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"user_id":"8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9","publication":"arXiv","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"citation":{"chicago":"Werner, Thomas, Erfan Riyazi, Samarth Hawaldar, Rishabh Sahu, Georg M Arnold, Paul Falthansl-Scheinecker Paul Falthansl-Scheinecker, Jennifer A. Sánchez Naranjo, et al. “Electro-Optic Conversion of Itinerant Fock States.” <i>ArXiv</i>, n.d. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2602.00928\">https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2602.00928</a>.","ista":"Werner T, Riyazi E, Hawaldar S, Sahu R, Arnold GM, Paul Falthansl-Scheinecker PF-S, Naranjo JAS, Loi D, Kapoor LN, Zemlicka M, Qiu L, Militaru A, Fink JM. Electro-optic conversion of itinerant Fock states. arXiv, <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2602.00928\">10.48550/arXiv.2602.00928</a>.","mla":"Werner, Thomas, et al. “Electro-Optic Conversion of Itinerant Fock States.” <i>ArXiv</i>, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2602.00928\">10.48550/arXiv.2602.00928</a>.","short":"T. Werner, E. Riyazi, S. Hawaldar, R. Sahu, G.M. Arnold, P.F.-S. Paul Falthansl-Scheinecker, J.A.S. Naranjo, D. Loi, L.N. Kapoor, M. Zemlicka, L. Qiu, A. Militaru, J.M. Fink, ArXiv (n.d.).","apa":"Werner, T., Riyazi, E., Hawaldar, S., Sahu, R., Arnold, G. M., Paul Falthansl-Scheinecker, P. F.-S., … Fink, J. M. (n.d.). Electro-optic conversion of itinerant Fock states. <i>arXiv</i>. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2602.00928\">https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2602.00928</a>","ama":"Werner T, Riyazi E, Hawaldar S, et al. Electro-optic conversion of itinerant Fock states. <i>arXiv</i>. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2602.00928\">10.48550/arXiv.2602.00928</a>","ieee":"T. Werner <i>et al.</i>, “Electro-optic conversion of itinerant Fock states,” <i>arXiv</i>. ."},"scopus_import":"1","status":"public","department":[{"_id":"JoFi"},{"_id":"GradSch"}],"corr_author":"1"},{"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","quality_controlled":"1","OA_type":"hybrid","title":"Nonlinear Dirichlet forms, energy spaces, and calculus rules","acknowledgement":"I am thankful to G. Savaré, for introducing me to the study of nonlinear Dirichlet forms and metric measure spaces, and to D. Manini for stimulating discussions. Open access funding provided by Institute of Science and Technology (IST Austria). The author has been funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 754362. Partial support has been obtained from the EFI ANR-17-CE40-0030 Project of the French National Research Agency.","date_updated":"2026-05-18T08:27:08Z","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2730-9657"]},"article_processing_charge":"Yes (via OA deal)","article_number":"33","corr_author":"1","ddc":["510"],"issue":"2","department":[{"_id":"JaMa"}],"status":"public","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"citation":{"ista":"Brigati G. 2026. Nonlinear Dirichlet forms, energy spaces, and calculus rules. La Matematica. 5(2), 33.","mla":"Brigati, Giovanni. “Nonlinear Dirichlet Forms, Energy Spaces, and Calculus Rules.” <i>La Matematica</i>, vol. 5, no. 2, 33, Springer Nature, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44007-026-00217-w\">10.1007/s44007-026-00217-w</a>.","chicago":"Brigati, Giovanni. “Nonlinear Dirichlet Forms, Energy Spaces, and Calculus Rules.” <i>La Matematica</i>. Springer Nature, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44007-026-00217-w\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s44007-026-00217-w</a>.","short":"G. Brigati, La Matematica 5 (2026).","ieee":"G. Brigati, “Nonlinear Dirichlet forms, energy spaces, and calculus rules,” <i>La Matematica</i>, vol. 5, no. 2. Springer Nature, 2026.","ama":"Brigati G. Nonlinear Dirichlet forms, energy spaces, and calculus rules. <i>La Matematica</i>. 2026;5(2). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44007-026-00217-w\">10.1007/s44007-026-00217-w</a>","apa":"Brigati, G. (2026). Nonlinear Dirichlet forms, energy spaces, and calculus rules. <i>La Matematica</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44007-026-00217-w\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s44007-026-00217-w</a>"},"publication":"La Matematica","scopus_import":"1","file":[{"file_id":"21892","success":1,"relation":"main_file","checksum":"f75bffe3c793a2cbb26b8494024d0681","file_size":394082,"access_level":"open_access","content_type":"application/pdf","date_created":"2026-05-18T08:26:15Z","file_name":"2026_LaMathematica_Brigati.pdf","creator":"dernst","date_updated":"2026-05-18T08:26:15Z"}],"_id":"21881","publisher":"Springer Nature","date_created":"2026-05-17T22:02:10Z","author":[{"full_name":"Brigati, Giovanni","id":"63ff57e8-1fbb-11ee-88f2-f558ffc59cf1","last_name":"Brigati","first_name":"Giovanni"}],"doi":"10.1007/s44007-026-00217-w","PlanS_conform":"1","intvolume":"         5","type":"journal_article","oa_version":"Published Version","external_id":{"arxiv":["2309.00377"]},"day":"29","OA_place":"publisher","has_accepted_license":"1","month":"04","arxiv":1,"volume":5,"date_published":"2026-04-29T00:00:00Z","year":"2026","oa":1,"file_date_updated":"2026-05-18T08:26:15Z","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"I review recent contributions on nonlinear Dirichlet forms. Then, I specialise to the case of 2-\r\nhomogeneous and local forms. Inspired by the theory of Finsler manifolds and metric measure spaces, I establish new properties of such nonlinear Dirichlet forms, which are reminiscent of differential calculus formulae."}],"article_type":"original","publication_status":"published"},{"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0004-637X"],"eissn":["1538-4357"]},"acknowledgement":"B.W. thanks Michael Eracleous for valuable discussions. B.W. and J.L. acknowledge support from JWST-GO-04233.009. B.W. also acknowledges support provided by NASA through Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF2-51592.001 awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., for NASA, under the contract NAS 5-26555. K.I. acknowledges support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (12573015, W2532003), the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (IS25003), and the China Manned Space Program (CMS-CSST-2025-A09). R.E.H. acknowledges support by the German Aerospace Center (DLR) and the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy (BMWi) through program 50OR2403 “RUBIES.”\r\n\r\nThis work is based on observations made with the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope. The data were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-03127 for JWST. These observations are associated with program # 1433, 2561, 4106, 4233, 5224, 6585. The specific observations analyzed can be accessed via DOI: 10.17909/9hpc-nc45. Computations for this research were performed on the Pennsylvania State University’s Institute for Computational and Data Sciences’ Roar supercomputer; and on computational resources managed and supported by Princeton Research Computing, a consortium of groups including the Princeton Institute for Computational Science and Engineering (PICSciE) and Research Computing at Princeton University. Some of the stellar spectra are retrieved from the POLLUX database (pollux.oreme.org) operated at LUPM (Université de Montpellier—CNRS, France) with the support of the PNPS and INSU. This publication made use of the NASA Astrophysical Data System for bibliographic information.","date_updated":"2026-05-18T08:18:39Z","title":"The missing hard photons of Little Red Dots: Their incident ionizing spectra resemble massive stars","article_number":"10","article_processing_charge":"Yes","quality_controlled":"1","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"OA_type":"gold","status":"public","scopus_import":"1","publication":"The Astrophysical Journal","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"citation":{"chicago":"Wang, Bingjie, Joel Leja, Harley Katz, Kohei Inayoshi, Nikko J. Cleri, Anna De Graaff, Raphael E. Hviding, et al. “The Missing Hard Photons of Little Red Dots: Their Incident Ionizing Spectra Resemble Massive Stars.” <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>. IOP Publishing, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae5bab\">https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae5bab</a>.","ista":"Wang B, Leja J, Katz H, Inayoshi K, Cleri NJ, De Graaff A, Hviding RE, Van Dokkum P, Greene JE, Labbé I, Matthee JJ, Mcconachie I, Naidu RP, Nelson EJ. 2026. The missing hard photons of Little Red Dots: Their incident ionizing spectra resemble massive stars. The Astrophysical Journal. 1003(1), 10.","mla":"Wang, Bingjie, et al. “The Missing Hard Photons of Little Red Dots: Their Incident Ionizing Spectra Resemble Massive Stars.” <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>, vol. 1003, no. 1, 10, IOP Publishing, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae5bab\">10.3847/1538-4357/ae5bab</a>.","short":"B. Wang, J. Leja, H. Katz, K. Inayoshi, N.J. Cleri, A. De Graaff, R.E. Hviding, P. Van Dokkum, J.E. Greene, I. Labbé, J.J. Matthee, I. Mcconachie, R.P. Naidu, E.J. Nelson, The Astrophysical Journal 1003 (2026).","ama":"Wang B, Leja J, Katz H, et al. The missing hard photons of Little Red Dots: Their incident ionizing spectra resemble massive stars. <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>. 2026;1003(1). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae5bab\">10.3847/1538-4357/ae5bab</a>","apa":"Wang, B., Leja, J., Katz, H., Inayoshi, K., Cleri, N. J., De Graaff, A., … Nelson, E. J. (2026). The missing hard photons of Little Red Dots: Their incident ionizing spectra resemble massive stars. <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>. IOP Publishing. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae5bab\">https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae5bab</a>","ieee":"B. Wang <i>et al.</i>, “The missing hard photons of Little Red Dots: Their incident ionizing spectra resemble massive stars,” <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>, vol. 1003, no. 1. IOP Publishing, 2026."},"issue":"1","ddc":["520"],"department":[{"_id":"JoMa"}],"doi":"10.3847/1538-4357/ae5bab","author":[{"full_name":"Wang, Bingjie","last_name":"Wang","first_name":"Bingjie"},{"last_name":"Leja","first_name":"Joel","full_name":"Leja, Joel"},{"first_name":"Harley","last_name":"Katz","full_name":"Katz, Harley"},{"full_name":"Inayoshi, Kohei","first_name":"Kohei","last_name":"Inayoshi"},{"last_name":"Cleri","first_name":"Nikko J.","full_name":"Cleri, Nikko J."},{"last_name":"De Graaff","first_name":"Anna","full_name":"De Graaff, Anna"},{"full_name":"Hviding, Raphael E.","last_name":"Hviding","first_name":"Raphael E."},{"full_name":"Van Dokkum, Pieter","first_name":"Pieter","last_name":"Van Dokkum"},{"last_name":"Greene","first_name":"Jenny E.","full_name":"Greene, Jenny E."},{"first_name":"Ivo","last_name":"Labbé","full_name":"Labbé, Ivo"},{"full_name":"Matthee, Jorryt J","id":"7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720","orcid":"0000-0003-2871-127X","first_name":"Jorryt J","last_name":"Matthee"},{"last_name":"Mcconachie","first_name":"Ian","full_name":"Mcconachie, Ian"},{"full_name":"Naidu, Rohan P.","first_name":"Rohan P.","last_name":"Naidu"},{"full_name":"Nelson, Erica J.","first_name":"Erica J.","last_name":"Nelson"}],"date_created":"2026-05-17T22:02:10Z","type":"journal_article","intvolume":"      1003","PlanS_conform":"1","file":[{"checksum":"ee9ebc8ae2304fec04f24b82ebaac8bc","relation":"main_file","success":1,"file_id":"21891","content_type":"application/pdf","access_level":"open_access","file_size":2584417,"date_updated":"2026-05-18T08:17:26Z","creator":"dernst","file_name":"2026_AstrophysicalJourn_Wang.pdf","date_created":"2026-05-18T08:17:26Z"}],"publisher":"IOP Publishing","_id":"21882","oa":1,"year":"2026","date_published":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","volume":1003,"DOAJ_listed":"1","arxiv":1,"article_type":"original","publication_status":"published","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The nature of little red dots (LRDs) has largely been investigated through their continuum emission, with lines assumed to arise from a broad-line region. In this paper, we instead use recombination lines to infer the intrinsic properties of the central engine. Our analysis first reveals a tension between the ionizing properties implied from Hα and He ii λ4686. The high Hα EWs require copious H-ionizing photons, more than the bluest active galactic nucleus (AGN) ionizing spectra can provide. In contrast, He ii emission is marginally detected, and its low EW is, at most, consistent with the softest AGN spectra. The low He ii/Hβ (∼10−2, <20×  local AGN median) further points to an unusually soft ionizing spectrum. We extend our analysis to dense gas envelopes (quasi-star/black-hole star) and find that hydrogen recombination lines become optically thick and lose diagnostic power, but He ii remains optically thin and a robust tracer. Photoionization modeling with Cloudy rules out standard AGN accretion disk spectra. Alternative explanations include exotic AGN with red rest-optical emission, high average optical depth (>10) from gas/dust, and soft ionizing spectra with abundant H-ionizing photons, consistent with, e.g., a cold accretion disk or a composite of AGN and stars. The latter is an intriguing scenario since high hydrogen densities are highly conducive for star formation, and nuclear star clusters are found in the vicinity of local massive black holes. While previous studies have mostly focused on features dominated by the absorbing hydrogen cloud, the He ii-based diagnostic proposed here represents a crucial step toward understanding the central engine of LRDs."}],"file_date_updated":"2026-05-18T08:17:26Z","OA_place":"publisher","day":"01","external_id":{"arxiv":["2508.18358"]},"oa_version":"Published Version","month":"05","has_accepted_license":"1"},{"file":[{"creator":"dernst","date_created":"2026-05-18T08:46:26Z","file_name":"2026_ElectrJournCombinatorics_Morawski.pdf","date_updated":"2026-05-18T08:46:26Z","file_size":399969,"access_level":"open_access","content_type":"application/pdf","file_id":"21893","success":1,"checksum":"9e8402cb2e8870ba7ded9ae7b308201a","relation":"main_file"}],"publisher":"Electronic Journal of Combinatorics","_id":"21884","doi":"10.37236/13316","project":[{"call_identifier":"H2020","name":"IST-BRIDGE: International postdoctoral program","_id":"fc2ed2f7-9c52-11eb-aca3-c01059dda49c","grant_number":"101034413"}],"author":[{"full_name":"Morawski, Patryk","first_name":"Patryk","last_name":"Morawski"},{"id":"554ff4e4-f325-11ee-b0c4-a10dbd523381","full_name":"Petrova, Kalina H","last_name":"Petrova","first_name":"Kalina H"}],"date_created":"2026-05-17T22:02:11Z","type":"journal_article","intvolume":"        33","OA_place":"publisher","day":"08","ec_funded":1,"external_id":{"arxiv":["2306.14648"]},"oa_version":"Published Version","month":"05","has_accepted_license":"1","oa":1,"year":"2026","date_published":"2026-05-08T00:00:00Z","volume":33,"DOAJ_listed":"1","arxiv":1,"article_type":"original","publication_status":"published","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"We show that a randomly perturbed digraph, where we start with a dense digraph Dα and add a small number of random edges to it, will typically contain a fixed orientation of a bounded-degree spanning tree. This answers a question posed by Araujo, Balogh, Krueger, Piga and Treglown and generalizes the corresponding result for randomly perturbed graphs by Krivelevich, Kwan and Sudakov. More specifically, we prove that there exists a constant c=c(α,Δ) such that if \r\nT is an oriented tree with maximum degree Δ and Dα is an n-vertex digraph with minimum semidegree αn, then the graph obtained by adding cn uniformly random edges to Dα will contain T with high probability."}],"file_date_updated":"2026-05-18T08:46:26Z","quality_controlled":"1","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"OA_type":"gold","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1077-8926"]},"date_updated":"2026-05-18T08:50:18Z","acknowledgement":"We thank the anonymous referees for many helpful comments on an earlier version of this\r\narticle. Kalina Petrova was supported by grant no. CRSII5 173721 of the Swiss National\r\nScience Foundation, and by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation\r\nprogramme under the Marie Sk lodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 101034413","title":"Randomly perturbed digraphs also have bounded-degree spanning trees","article_number":"P2.24","article_processing_charge":"Yes","issue":"2","corr_author":"1","ddc":["510"],"department":[{"_id":"MaKw"}],"license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/","status":"public","scopus_import":"1","publication":"Electronic Journal of Combinatorics","citation":{"ieee":"P. Morawski and K. H. Petrova, “Randomly perturbed digraphs also have bounded-degree spanning trees,” <i>Electronic Journal of Combinatorics</i>, vol. 33, no. 2. Electronic Journal of Combinatorics, 2026.","apa":"Morawski, P., &#38; Petrova, K. H. (2026). Randomly perturbed digraphs also have bounded-degree spanning trees. <i>Electronic Journal of Combinatorics</i>. Electronic Journal of Combinatorics. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.37236/13316\">https://doi.org/10.37236/13316</a>","ama":"Morawski P, Petrova KH. Randomly perturbed digraphs also have bounded-degree spanning trees. <i>Electronic Journal of Combinatorics</i>. 2026;33(2). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.37236/13316\">10.37236/13316</a>","mla":"Morawski, Patryk, and Kalina H. Petrova. “Randomly Perturbed Digraphs Also Have Bounded-Degree Spanning Trees.” <i>Electronic Journal of Combinatorics</i>, vol. 33, no. 2, P2.24, Electronic Journal of Combinatorics, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.37236/13316\">10.37236/13316</a>.","ista":"Morawski P, Petrova KH. 2026. Randomly perturbed digraphs also have bounded-degree spanning trees. Electronic Journal of Combinatorics. 33(2), P2.24.","chicago":"Morawski, Patryk, and Kalina H Petrova. “Randomly Perturbed Digraphs Also Have Bounded-Degree Spanning Trees.” <i>Electronic Journal of Combinatorics</i>. Electronic Journal of Combinatorics, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.37236/13316\">https://doi.org/10.37236/13316</a>.","short":"P. Morawski, K.H. Petrova, Electronic Journal of Combinatorics 33 (2026)."},"tmp":{"image":"/image/cc_by_nd.png","short":"CC BY-ND (4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0)"}},{"day":"01","OA_place":"publisher","APC_amount":"1352,08 EUR","oa_version":"Published Version","external_id":{"arxiv":["2303.00429"]},"ec_funded":1,"has_accepted_license":"1","month":"01","volume":54,"date_published":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","year":"2026","oa":1,"arxiv":1,"abstract":[{"text":"The Dean–Kawasaki equation—one of the most fundamental SPDEs of\r\nfluctuating hydrodynamics—has been proposed as a model for density fluctuations in weakly interacting particle systems. In its original form, it is highly\r\nsingular and fails to be renormalizable, even by approaches such as regularity structures and paracontrolled distributions, hindering mathematical approaches to its rigorous justification. It has been understood recently that it is\r\nnatural to introduce a suitable regularization, for example, by applying a formal spatial discretization or by truncating high-frequency noise: This yields\r\nwell-posed equations that should still precisely approximate the law of the\r\nparticle density fluctuations.\r\nIn the present work, we prove that a regularization in the form of a formal\r\ndiscretization of the Dean–Kawasaki equation indeed accurately describes\r\ndensity fluctuations in systems of weakly interacting diffusing particles: We\r\nshow that, in suitable weak metrics, the law of fluctuations as predicted by\r\nthe discretized Dean–Kawasaki SPDE approximates the law of fluctuations\r\nof the original particle system, up to an error that is of arbitrarily high order in\r\nthe inverse particle number and a discretization error. In particular, the Dean–\r\nKawasaki equation provides a means for efficient and accurate simulations of\r\ndensity fluctuations in weakly interacting particle systems.","lang":"eng"}],"publication_status":"published","article_type":"original","file_date_updated":"2026-05-21T07:11:27Z","file":[{"content_type":"application/pdf","access_level":"open_access","file_size":865745,"relation":"main_file","checksum":"3e60c0e25a1c96342029a7d2b031505f","success":1,"file_id":"21906","date_updated":"2026-05-21T07:11:27Z","creator":"dernst","date_created":"2026-05-21T07:11:27Z","file_name":"2026_AnnalsProbability_Cornalba.pdf"}],"publisher":"Institute of Mathematical Statistics","_id":"21894","project":[{"grant_number":"754411","name":"ISTplus - Postdoctoral Fellowships","call_identifier":"H2020","_id":"260C2330-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"},{"grant_number":"F6504","_id":"fc31cba2-9c52-11eb-aca3-ff467d239cd2","name":"Taming Complexity in Partial Differential Systems"}],"doi":"10.1214/25-aop1763","date_created":"2026-05-20T08:25:25Z","author":[{"full_name":"Cornalba, Federico","last_name":"Cornalba","first_name":"Federico"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-0479-558X","full_name":"Fischer, Julian L","id":"2C12A0B0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Fischer","first_name":"Julian L"},{"last_name":"Ingmanns","first_name":"Jonas","orcid":"0009-0008-1310-7946","full_name":"Ingmanns, Jonas","id":"71523d30-15b2-11ec-abd3-f80aa909d6b0"},{"last_name":"Raithel","first_name":"Claudia","full_name":"Raithel, Claudia"}],"intvolume":"        54","type":"journal_article","PlanS_conform":"1","corr_author":"1","ddc":["510"],"issue":"1","department":[{"_id":"JuFi"}],"status":"public","keyword":["Weakly interacting particle systems","fluctuating hydrodynamics","Dean-Kawasaki equation","stochastic PDEs","numerical approximation"],"scopus_import":"1","page":"155-215","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"citation":{"ieee":"F. Cornalba, J. L. Fischer, J. Ingmanns, and C. Raithel, “Density fluctuations in weakly interacting particle systems via the Dean–Kawasaki equation,” <i>The Annals of Probability</i>, vol. 54, no. 1. Institute of Mathematical Statistics, pp. 155–215, 2026.","apa":"Cornalba, F., Fischer, J. L., Ingmanns, J., &#38; Raithel, C. (2026). Density fluctuations in weakly interacting particle systems via the Dean–Kawasaki equation. <i>The Annals of Probability</i>. Institute of Mathematical Statistics. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1214/25-aop1763\">https://doi.org/10.1214/25-aop1763</a>","ama":"Cornalba F, Fischer JL, Ingmanns J, Raithel C. Density fluctuations in weakly interacting particle systems via the Dean–Kawasaki equation. <i>The Annals of Probability</i>. 2026;54(1):155-215. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1214/25-aop1763\">10.1214/25-aop1763</a>","ista":"Cornalba F, Fischer JL, Ingmanns J, Raithel C. 2026. Density fluctuations in weakly interacting particle systems via the Dean–Kawasaki equation. The Annals of Probability. 54(1), 155–215.","mla":"Cornalba, Federico, et al. “Density Fluctuations in Weakly Interacting Particle Systems via the Dean–Kawasaki Equation.” <i>The Annals of Probability</i>, vol. 54, no. 1, Institute of Mathematical Statistics, 2026, pp. 155–215, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1214/25-aop1763\">10.1214/25-aop1763</a>.","chicago":"Cornalba, Federico, Julian L Fischer, Jonas Ingmanns, and Claudia Raithel. “Density Fluctuations in Weakly Interacting Particle Systems via the Dean–Kawasaki Equation.” <i>The Annals of Probability</i>. Institute of Mathematical Statistics, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1214/25-aop1763\">https://doi.org/10.1214/25-aop1763</a>.","short":"F. Cornalba, J.L. Fischer, J. Ingmanns, C. Raithel, The Annals of Probability 54 (2026) 155–215."},"publication":"The Annals of Probability","quality_controlled":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","OA_type":"hybrid","date_updated":"2026-05-21T07:21:25Z","acknowledgement":"All authors gratefully acknowledge funding from the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) through the project F65. CR gratefully acknowledges support from the Austrian Science Fund (FWF), grants P30000, P33010, W1245. FC gratefully acknowledges funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 754411.","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2168-894X"],"issn":["0091-1798"]},"title":"Density fluctuations in weakly interacting particle systems via the Dean–Kawasaki equation","article_processing_charge":"Yes (in subscription journal)"},{"ddc":["570"],"pmid":1,"department":[{"_id":"TiVo"}],"status":"public","publication":"Nature Communications","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"citation":{"short":"R.S. Koolschijn, P. Parthasarathy, M. Browning, X. Przygodda, L.P. Capitão, W.T. Clarke, T.P. Vogels, J.X. O’Reilly, H.C. Barron, Nature Communications 17 (2026).","ista":"Koolschijn RS, Parthasarathy P, Browning M, Przygodda X, Capitão LP, Clarke WT, Vogels TP, O’Reilly JX, Barron HC. 2026. Noradrenaline causes a spread of association in the hippocampal cognitive map. Nature Communications. 17, 3961.","mla":"Koolschijn, Renée S., et al. “Noradrenaline Causes a Spread of Association in the Hippocampal Cognitive Map.” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 17, 3961, Springer Nature, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-70659-x\">10.1038/s41467-026-70659-x</a>.","chicago":"Koolschijn, Renée S., Prakriti Parthasarathy, Michael Browning, Xenia Przygodda, Liliana P. Capitão, William T. Clarke, Tim P Vogels, Jill X. O’Reilly, and Helen C. Barron. “Noradrenaline Causes a Spread of Association in the Hippocampal Cognitive Map.” <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-70659-x\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-70659-x</a>.","ieee":"R. S. Koolschijn <i>et al.</i>, “Noradrenaline causes a spread of association in the hippocampal cognitive map,” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 17. Springer Nature, 2026.","apa":"Koolschijn, R. S., Parthasarathy, P., Browning, M., Przygodda, X., Capitão, L. P., Clarke, W. T., … Barron, H. C. (2026). Noradrenaline causes a spread of association in the hippocampal cognitive map. <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-70659-x\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-70659-x</a>","ama":"Koolschijn RS, Parthasarathy P, Browning M, et al. Noradrenaline causes a spread of association in the hippocampal cognitive map. <i>Nature Communications</i>. 2026;17. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-70659-x\">10.1038/s41467-026-70659-x</a>"},"scopus_import":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","quality_controlled":"1","OA_type":"gold","title":"Noradrenaline causes a spread of association in the hippocampal cognitive map","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2041-1723"]},"date_updated":"2026-05-21T07:05:01Z","acknowledgement":"We would like to thank Chamith Halahakoon, Phil Cowen, Angharad De Cates, Beata Godlewska, Riccardo De Giorgi, Katherine Smith and Edoardo Ostinelli for enabling this study by providing medical cover. We would like to thank Douglas F. Tomé and Everton J. Agnes for their guidance and advice with earlier versions of the neural network model. We would like to thank Rob Froemke for helpful discussion when preparing the experiments. We thank Leonie Glitz and Valentina Mancini for comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. R.S.K. was supported by an EPSRC/MRC-funded studentship (EP/L016052/1). P.P. was supported by the Cambridge Trust, Trinity Henry Barlow Scholarship and Trinity Hall Brockhouse Scholarship. L.C. is supported by the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) (Portuguese State Budget: UID/PSI/01662/2020; Research fellowship: 2021.00415.CEECIND). W.T.C. is funded by the Wellcome Trust [225924/Z/22/Z]. H.C.B. is supported by a UKRI Future Leaders Fellowship (MR/W008939/1) and the Wellcome Institutional Strategic Support Fund. H.C.B. and J.X.O. are supported by the Medical Research Council (MR/W01971X/1). The study was supported by the NIHR Oxford Health Biomedical Research Centre (NIHR203316). The views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care. The Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging is supported by core funding from the Wellcome Trust (203139/Z/16/Z and 203139/A/16/Z). This research was funded in part by the Wellcome Trust. For the purpose of open access, the author(s) have applied a CC BY public copyright license to any Author Accepted Manuscript version arising from this submission.","article_processing_charge":"Yes","article_number":"3961","external_id":{"pmid":["41832186"]},"oa_version":"Published Version","OA_place":"publisher","day":"01","month":"05","has_accepted_license":"1","DOAJ_listed":"1","oa":1,"year":"2026","date_published":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","volume":17,"file_date_updated":"2026-05-21T07:01:35Z","publication_status":"published","article_type":"original","abstract":[{"text":"The mammalian brain organises knowledge about entities in the world and relationships between them using cognitive maps. When forming a cognitive map, there is a necessary trade-off between extending the map to make novel inferences, and storing a veridical copy of past experience. However, the neural mechanisms that control this trade-off remain unknown. Using a cross-scale approach that combines a pharmacological intervention in humans with neural network modelling, we show that the neuromodulator noradrenaline elicits a significant ‘spread of association’ across hippocampal cognitive maps. This neural spread of association can be explained by changes in synaptic plasticity that predict overgeneralisation in behaviour. Thus, elevated noradrenaline during learning increases the ‘smoothing kernel’ for plasticity across the cognitive map, allowing disparate memories to become linked and distorted.","lang":"eng"}],"file":[{"date_created":"2026-05-21T07:01:35Z","file_name":"2026_NatureComm_Koolschijn.pdf","creator":"dernst","date_updated":"2026-05-21T07:01:35Z","file_id":"21905","relation":"main_file","checksum":"1b529e06b1c5d6e085d60743317fd4f9","success":1,"file_size":2059139,"access_level":"open_access","content_type":"application/pdf"}],"_id":"21895","publisher":"Springer Nature","date_created":"2026-05-20T14:30:37Z","author":[{"first_name":"Renée S.","last_name":"Koolschijn","full_name":"Koolschijn, Renée S."},{"last_name":"Parthasarathy","first_name":"Prakriti","full_name":"Parthasarathy, Prakriti"},{"full_name":"Browning, Michael","first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Browning"},{"first_name":"Xenia","last_name":"Przygodda","full_name":"Przygodda, Xenia"},{"first_name":"Liliana P.","last_name":"Capitão","full_name":"Capitão, Liliana P."},{"last_name":"Clarke","first_name":"William T.","full_name":"Clarke, William T."},{"first_name":"Tim P","last_name":"Vogels","id":"CB6FF8D2-008F-11EA-8E08-2637E6697425","full_name":"Vogels, Tim P","orcid":"0000-0003-3295-6181"},{"first_name":"Jill X.","last_name":"O’Reilly","full_name":"O’Reilly, Jill X."},{"full_name":"Barron, Helen C.","first_name":"Helen C.","last_name":"Barron"}],"doi":"10.1038/s41467-026-70659-x","PlanS_conform":"1","type":"journal_article","intvolume":"        17"},{"publisher":"Oxford University Press","_id":"21897","file":[{"content_type":"application/pdf","access_level":"open_access","file_size":3960296,"checksum":"2c4463926c5cb84ce555ef2005b52ddd","success":1,"relation":"main_file","file_id":"21903","date_updated":"2026-05-21T06:37:42Z","creator":"dernst","date_created":"2026-05-21T06:37:42Z","file_name":"2026_MNRAS_Green.pdf"}],"intvolume":"       548","type":"journal_article","PlanS_conform":"1","doi":"10.1093/mnras/stag673","date_created":"2026-05-20T14:34:03Z","author":[{"full_name":"Green, Matthew J","first_name":"Matthew J","last_name":"Green"},{"last_name":"Marsh","first_name":"Thomas R","full_name":"Marsh, Thomas R"},{"full_name":"van Roestel, Joannes C","id":"4d122fc8-6083-11f0-87a5-97d68b860333","first_name":"Joannes C","last_name":"van Roestel"},{"last_name":"Wong","first_name":"Tin Long Sunny","full_name":"Wong, Tin Long Sunny"},{"full_name":"Belloni, Diogo","first_name":"Diogo","last_name":"Belloni"},{"first_name":"Mukremin","last_name":"Kilic","full_name":"Kilic, Mukremin"},{"first_name":"Elmé","last_name":"Breedt","full_name":"Breedt, Elmé"},{"first_name":"Alex","last_name":"Brown","full_name":"Brown, Alex"},{"full_name":"Copperwheat, Chris M","first_name":"Chris M","last_name":"Copperwheat"},{"full_name":"Chakpor, Anurak","first_name":"Anurak","last_name":"Chakpor"},{"last_name":"Dhillon","first_name":"V S","full_name":"Dhillon, V S"},{"last_name":"Segura","first_name":"Noel Castro","full_name":"Segura, Noel Castro"},{"full_name":"Dyer, Martin J","last_name":"Dyer","first_name":"Martin J"},{"last_name":"Garbutt","first_name":"James","full_name":"Garbutt, James"},{"full_name":"Jarvis, Dan","last_name":"Jarvis","first_name":"Dan"},{"first_name":"Vasu","last_name":"Kengkriangkrai","full_name":"Kengkriangkrai, Vasu"},{"last_name":"Kennedy","first_name":"Mark R","full_name":"Kennedy, Mark R"},{"full_name":"Kerry, Paul","last_name":"Kerry","first_name":"Paul"},{"last_name":"Kupfer","first_name":"Thomas","full_name":"Kupfer, Thomas"},{"full_name":"Littlefair, S P","first_name":"S P","last_name":"Littlefair"},{"last_name":"McCormac","first_name":"James","full_name":"McCormac, James"},{"last_name":"Munday","first_name":"James","full_name":"Munday, James"},{"full_name":"Parsons, Steven G","first_name":"Steven G","last_name":"Parsons"},{"full_name":"Pike, Eleanor","first_name":"Eleanor","last_name":"Pike"},{"full_name":"Pelisoli, Ingrid","last_name":"Pelisoli","first_name":"Ingrid"},{"full_name":"Rodríguez-Gil, Pablo","last_name":"Rodríguez-Gil","first_name":"Pablo"},{"last_name":"Sahman","first_name":"David I","full_name":"Sahman, David I"},{"last_name":"Yates","first_name":"Amalie","full_name":"Yates, Amalie"}],"month":"04","has_accepted_license":"1","OA_place":"publisher","day":"09","external_id":{"arxiv":["2604.06460"]},"oa_version":"Published Version","publication_status":"published","article_type":"original","abstract":[{"text":"Ultracompact binary systems, consisting of two compact objects in an orbit $\\lesssim 0.5 {\\rm R}_\\odot$, should exhibit measurable rates of orbital period change ($\\dot{P} \\ne 0$) due to the emission of gravitational waves (GWs). Measurements of $\\dot{P}$ have so far been limited to the shortest-period ultracompact binaries ($\\lesssim 20$  min). Among the AM CVn-type subclass, several works have proposed the presence of extra angular momentum loss beyond GW emission, with magnetic braking being a widely discussed mechanism. If present, this magnetic braking would dominate the angular momentum loss of AM CVn-type binaries with orbital periods $\\gtrsim 30$ min. In this work, we present a long-term eclipse timing study of two AM CVn-type binaries, YZ LMi and Gaia14aae, with respective orbital periods of 28.3 min and 49.7 min and continuous observations since 2006 and 2015. Both systems show $\\dot{P}$ consistent with zero within $2\\sigma$. Their $3\\sigma$ upper limits are $1.1 \\times 10^{-13}\\, {\\rm s \\, s}^{-1}$ and $9.7 \\times 10^{-14}\\, {\\rm s \\, s}^{-1}$, respectively. These non-detections are most simply explained by a scenario in which secular angular momentum loss is not substantially stronger than GW emission at all orbital periods, but is combined with deviations from the secular $\\dot{P}$ whose time-scales span decades but whose amplitude is $\\lesssim 10^{-13}\\, {\\rm s \\, s}^{-1}$. Our non-detections of $\\dot{P}$ represent a limit on the strength of any enhanced angular momentum loss beyond pure GW emission.","lang":"eng"}],"file_date_updated":"2026-05-21T06:37:42Z","year":"2026","oa":1,"volume":548,"date_published":"2026-04-09T00:00:00Z","arxiv":1,"DOAJ_listed":"1","OA_type":"gold","quality_controlled":"1","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"article_number":"stag673","article_processing_charge":"Yes","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0035-8711"],"eissn":["1365-2966"]},"date_updated":"2026-05-21T06:41:41Z","acknowledgement":"We are grateful to the anonymousreferee fortheirinsightful comments. MJG thanks Mitch Begelman and the JILA department at the University of Colorado, Boulder, for providing office space at which much of this paper was written. This work is supported in part by the United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) under grants\r\n80NSSC24K0436, 80NSSC22K0479, and 80NSSC24K0380, and the United States National Science Foundation (NSF) under grant AST-2508429. VSD and HiPERCAM are funded by the Science and Technology Facilities Council (grant ST/Z000033/1). IP acknowledges support from the Royal Society through a University Research Fellowship (URF\\R1\\231496). This project has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement numbers 101002408 – MOS100PC). CMC receives funding from United Kingdom Research and Innovation grant numbers ST/X005933/1 and ST/W001934/1. This article is based in part on observations made in the Observatorios de Canarias del Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC) with the the William Herschel Telescope (WHT) operated on the island of La Palma by the Isaac Newton Group (ING) in the Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos. It is also based in part on observations made with the Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC) under proposal ID GTC18-24A, installed at the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, in the island of La Palma. Further data were obtained using the 2.4 m Thai National Telescope (TNT) operated by the National Astronomy Research Institute of Thailand\r\n(NARIT), and the 200-inch Hale Telescope at Palomar Observatory operated by the California Institute of Technology. Software packages used in this work include the ultracam and hipercam reduction pipelines, lcurve (C. M. Copperwheat et al. 2010), numpy, astropy, matplotlib, and emcee (D. Foreman-Mackey et al. 2013).","title":"No period change in two long-period AM CVn binaries","department":[{"_id":"IlCa"}],"issue":"3","ddc":["520"],"scopus_import":"1","publication":"Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"citation":{"chicago":"Green, Matthew J, Thomas R Marsh, Joannes C van Roestel, Tin Long Sunny Wong, Diogo Belloni, Mukremin Kilic, Elmé Breedt, et al. “No Period Change in Two Long-Period AM CVn Binaries.” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. Oxford University Press, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stag673\">https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stag673</a>.","ista":"Green MJ, Marsh TR, van Roestel JC, Wong TLS, Belloni D, Kilic M, Breedt E, Brown A, Copperwheat CM, Chakpor A, Dhillon VS, Segura NC, Dyer MJ, Garbutt J, Jarvis D, Kengkriangkrai V, Kennedy MR, Kerry P, Kupfer T, Littlefair SP, McCormac J, Munday J, Parsons SG, Pike E, Pelisoli I, Rodríguez-Gil P, Sahman DI, Yates A. 2026. No period change in two long-period AM CVn binaries. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 548(3), stag673.","mla":"Green, Matthew J., et al. “No Period Change in Two Long-Period AM CVn Binaries.” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>, vol. 548, no. 3, stag673, Oxford University Press, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stag673\">10.1093/mnras/stag673</a>.","short":"M.J. Green, T.R. Marsh, J.C. van Roestel, T.L.S. Wong, D. Belloni, M. Kilic, E. Breedt, A. Brown, C.M. Copperwheat, A. Chakpor, V.S. Dhillon, N.C. Segura, M.J. Dyer, J. Garbutt, D. Jarvis, V. Kengkriangkrai, M.R. Kennedy, P. Kerry, T. Kupfer, S.P. Littlefair, J. McCormac, J. Munday, S.G. Parsons, E. Pike, I. Pelisoli, P. Rodríguez-Gil, D.I. Sahman, A. Yates, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 548 (2026).","ama":"Green MJ, Marsh TR, van Roestel JC, et al. No period change in two long-period AM CVn binaries. <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. 2026;548(3). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stag673\">10.1093/mnras/stag673</a>","apa":"Green, M. J., Marsh, T. R., van Roestel, J. C., Wong, T. L. S., Belloni, D., Kilic, M., … Yates, A. (2026). No period change in two long-period AM CVn binaries. <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stag673\">https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stag673</a>","ieee":"M. J. Green <i>et al.</i>, “No period change in two long-period AM CVn binaries,” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>, vol. 548, no. 3. Oxford University Press, 2026."},"keyword":["binaries: close – stars","dwarf novae – novae","cataclysmic variables – white dwarfs"],"status":"public"},{"scopus_import":"1","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"citation":{"ieee":"G. Roberts-Borsani <i>et al.</i>, “JWST spectroscopic insights into the diversity of galaxies in the first 500 Myr: Short-lived snapshots along a common evolutionary pathway,” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>, vol. 548, no. 3. Oxford University Press, 2026.","apa":"Roberts-Borsani, G., Oesch, P. A., Ellis, R., Weibel, A., Giovinazzo, E., Bouwens, R., … van der Wel, A. (2026). JWST spectroscopic insights into the diversity of galaxies in the first 500 Myr: Short-lived snapshots along a common evolutionary pathway. <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stag701\">https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stag701</a>","ama":"Roberts-Borsani G, Oesch PA, Ellis R, et al. JWST spectroscopic insights into the diversity of galaxies in the first 500 Myr: Short-lived snapshots along a common evolutionary pathway. <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. 2026;548(3). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stag701\">10.1093/mnras/stag701</a>","short":"G. Roberts-Borsani, P.A. Oesch, R. Ellis, A. Weibel, E. Giovinazzo, R. Bouwens, P. Dayal, A. Fontana, K.E. Heintz, J.J. Matthee, R.A. Meyer, L. Pentericci, A. Shapley, S. Tacchella, T. Treu, F. Walter, H. Atek, S. Bose, M. Castellano, Y. Fudamoto, T. Morishita, R.P. Naidu, R.L. Sanders, A. van der Wel, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 548 (2026).","ista":"Roberts-Borsani G, Oesch PA, Ellis R, Weibel A, Giovinazzo E, Bouwens R, Dayal P, Fontana A, Heintz KE, Matthee JJ, Meyer RA, Pentericci L, Shapley A, Tacchella S, Treu T, Walter F, Atek H, Bose S, Castellano M, Fudamoto Y, Morishita T, Naidu RP, Sanders RL, van der Wel A. 2026. JWST spectroscopic insights into the diversity of galaxies in the first 500 Myr: Short-lived snapshots along a common evolutionary pathway. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 548(3), stag701.","mla":"Roberts-Borsani, Guido, et al. “JWST Spectroscopic Insights into the Diversity of Galaxies in the First 500 Myr: Short-Lived Snapshots along a Common Evolutionary Pathway.” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>, vol. 548, no. 3, stag701, Oxford University Press, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stag701\">10.1093/mnras/stag701</a>.","chicago":"Roberts-Borsani, Guido, Pascal A Oesch, Richard Ellis, Andrea Weibel, Emma Giovinazzo, Rychard Bouwens, Pratika Dayal, et al. “JWST Spectroscopic Insights into the Diversity of Galaxies in the First 500 Myr: Short-Lived Snapshots along a Common Evolutionary Pathway.” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. Oxford University Press, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stag701\">https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stag701</a>."},"publication":"Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society","status":"public","department":[{"_id":"JoMa"}],"ddc":["520"],"issue":"3","article_number":"stag701","article_processing_charge":"Yes","date_updated":"2026-05-21T06:16:04Z","acknowledgement":"We thank the anonymous referee for useful and constructive\r\nfeedback that improved the manuscript. GRB is grateful to Vasily\r\nBelokurov and Sarah Kane for providing the relevant abundances\r\nforthe Aurora data in Fig. 11, as well asto Tiger Yu-Yang Hsiao for\r\nhelpful discussions regarding the MACS 0647-JD source. We are\r\nalso grateful to Gabe Brammerfor useful discussions and his continuous efforts in maintaining and improving the msaexp code,\r\nfrom which the high-z community continues to benefit greatly.\r\nLastly, we also thank the numerous teams of the observational\r\nprograms used in this study, for developing these valuable data\r\nsets. The data used in this study are derived from the following\r\nprograms: 1181 (PI Eisenstein; D. J. Eisenstein et al. 2023a), 1210\r\n(PI Luetzgendorf; D. J. Eisenstein et al. 2023a), 1211 (PI Isaak;\r\nM. V. Maseda et al. 2024), 1286 (PI Luetzgendorf; D. J. Eisenstein\r\net al. 2023a), 1287 (PI Isaak; D. J. Eisenstein et al. 2023a), 1345\r\n(PI Finkelstein; S. L. Finkelstein et al. 2025), 1433 (PI Coe; T. Y.-\r\nY. Hsiao et al. 2024a), 2561 (PI Labbé; R. Bezanson et al. 2022),\r\n2750 (PI Arrabal Haro; P. Arrabal Haro et al. 2023b), 3073 (PI\r\nCastellano; M. Castellano et al. 2024), 3215 (PIs Eisenstein &\r\nMaiolino; D. J. Eisenstein et al. 2023b), 5224 (PIs Oesch & Naidu;\r\nOesch et al. in preparation), 6368 (PI Dickinson; V. Kokorev et al.\r\n2025). The authors acknowledge the aforementioned teams and\r\nPIs where development of their observing program(s) was done\r\nwith a zero-exclusive-access period.\r\nThis work is based on observations made with the\r\nNASA/ESA/CSA JWST. The data were obtained from the\r\nMikulski Archive for Space Telescopes at the Space Telescope\r\nScience Institute, which is operated by the Association of\r\nUniversities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA\r\ncontract NAS 5-03127 for JWST. The specific observations\r\nanalysed can be accessed via DOI 10.17909/jqj3-ws37. Some\r\nof the data products presented herein were retrieved from the\r\nDawn JWST Archive (DJA). DJA is an initiative of the Cosmic\r\nDawn Center (DAWN), which is funded by the Danish National\r\nResearch Foundation under grant DNRF140.\r\nRSE acknowledges generous financial support from the Peter\r\nand Patricia Gruber Foundation. YF acknowledgessupportsfrom\r\nJSPS KAKENHI Grant Numbers JP22K21349 and JP23K13149.\r\nThis work has received funding from the Swiss State Secretariat\r\nfor Education, Research and Innovation (SERI) under contract\r\nnumber MB22.00072, as well as from the Swiss National Science\r\nFoundation (SNSF) through project grant 200020_207349.","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1365-2966"],"issn":["0035-8711"]},"title":"JWST spectroscopic insights into the diversity of galaxies in the first 500 Myr: Short-lived snapshots along a common evolutionary pathway","OA_type":"gold","quality_controlled":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","abstract":[{"text":"We investigate the nature and spectroscopic diversity of early galaxies from a sample of 41 sources at $z\\geqslant 10$ with James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)/NIRSpec prism observations. We compare the properties of strong ultraviolet (UV) line emitters, traced by intense C iv emission, with those of more ‘typical’ sources with weak or undetected C iv. The more typical (or ‘C iv-weak’) sources reveal significant scatter in their C iii] line strengths, UV continuum slopes, and physical sizes, spanning C iii] equivalent widths (EWs) of $\\sim$1–51 Å, UV slopes of $\\beta \\sim -1.6$ to $-2.6$, and half-light radii of $\\sim$50–1000 pc. In contrast, C iv-strong sources occupy the tail of these distributions, with C iii] EWs of 16–51 Å, UV slopes $\\beta \\lesssim -2.5$, compact morphologies ($r_{\\rm 50} \\lesssim 100$ pc), and elevated star formation surface densities ($\\Sigma _{\\rm SFR} \\gtrsim 100\\, M_\\odot \\, \\mathrm{yr}^{-1}\\, \\mathrm{kpc}^{-2}$). These properties suggest concentrated starbursts that temporarily outshine the host galaxy. Comparing average properties from composite spectra, we find the diversity of the sample is primarily driven by bursty star formation on very short time-scales ($\\le$3 Myr), with strong C iv emitters observed at the apex of the bursts and sources devoid of emission lines during relative inactivity. An apparent association between strong C iv and enhanced nitrogen abundance suggests both may be modulated by the same duty cycle, reflecting a generic mode of star formation. We show that active galactic nuclei are unlikely to contribute significantly to this duty cycle based on UV line diagnostics and photoionization models. Our results support a picture whereby brief bursts and lulls can explain the spectral diversity and early growth of bright galaxies in the first 500 Myr.","lang":"eng"}],"publication_status":"published","article_type":"original","file_date_updated":"2026-05-21T06:14:23Z","date_published":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","volume":548,"year":"2026","oa":1,"arxiv":1,"DOAJ_listed":"1","has_accepted_license":"1","month":"05","day":"01","OA_place":"publisher","oa_version":"Published Version","external_id":{"arxiv":["2508.21708"]},"intvolume":"       548","type":"journal_article","PlanS_conform":"1","doi":"10.1093/mnras/stag701","author":[{"full_name":"Roberts-Borsani, Guido","first_name":"Guido","last_name":"Roberts-Borsani"},{"last_name":"Oesch","first_name":"Pascal A","full_name":"Oesch, Pascal A"},{"last_name":"Ellis","first_name":"Richard","full_name":"Ellis, Richard"},{"full_name":"Weibel, Andrea","first_name":"Andrea","last_name":"Weibel"},{"full_name":"Giovinazzo, Emma","last_name":"Giovinazzo","first_name":"Emma"},{"full_name":"Bouwens, Rychard","last_name":"Bouwens","first_name":"Rychard"},{"first_name":"Pratika","last_name":"Dayal","full_name":"Dayal, Pratika"},{"full_name":"Fontana, Adriano","first_name":"Adriano","last_name":"Fontana"},{"last_name":"Heintz","first_name":"Kasper E","full_name":"Heintz, Kasper E"},{"orcid":"0000-0003-2871-127X","full_name":"Matthee, Jorryt J","id":"7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720","last_name":"Matthee","first_name":"Jorryt J"},{"full_name":"Meyer, Romain A","last_name":"Meyer","first_name":"Romain A"},{"full_name":"Pentericci, Laura","first_name":"Laura","last_name":"Pentericci"},{"full_name":"Shapley, Alice","last_name":"Shapley","first_name":"Alice"},{"first_name":"Sandro","last_name":"Tacchella","full_name":"Tacchella, Sandro"},{"full_name":"Treu, Tommaso","first_name":"Tommaso","last_name":"Treu"},{"full_name":"Walter, Fabian","first_name":"Fabian","last_name":"Walter"},{"last_name":"Atek","first_name":"Hakim","full_name":"Atek, Hakim"},{"first_name":"Sownak","last_name":"Bose","full_name":"Bose, Sownak"},{"full_name":"Castellano, Marco","first_name":"Marco","last_name":"Castellano"},{"last_name":"Fudamoto","first_name":"Yoshinobu","full_name":"Fudamoto, Yoshinobu"},{"first_name":"Takahiro","last_name":"Morishita","full_name":"Morishita, Takahiro"},{"full_name":"Naidu, Rohan P","last_name":"Naidu","first_name":"Rohan P"},{"first_name":"Ryan L","last_name":"Sanders","full_name":"Sanders, Ryan L"},{"full_name":"van der Wel, Arjen","last_name":"van der Wel","first_name":"Arjen"}],"date_created":"2026-05-20T14:34:29Z","publisher":"Oxford University Press","_id":"21898","file":[{"file_id":"21902","relation":"main_file","checksum":"b8f52c6fc5e06b3a505310e7d5898ecf","success":1,"file_size":3539140,"access_level":"open_access","content_type":"application/pdf","date_created":"2026-05-21T06:14:23Z","file_name":"2026_MNRAS_RobertsBorsani.pdf","creator":"dernst","date_updated":"2026-05-21T06:14:23Z"}]}]