---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
_id: '22003'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'Let G be a finite, connected metric graph and let X be a subset of G. If
X is sufficiently dense in G, we show that the Gromov-Hausdorff distance matches
the Hausdorff distance, namely d_GH(G,X) = d_H(G,X). When the metric graph is
the circle G = S¹ with circumference 2π, a recent study established the equality
d_GH(S¹,X) = d_H(S¹,X) whenever d_GH(S¹,X) < π/6. Our results relax this hypothesis
to d_GH(S¹,X) < π/3, and furthermore, we show that the constant π/3 is the best
possible. We lower bound the Gromov-Hausdorff distance d_GH(G,X) by the Hausdorff
distance d_H(G,X) via a simple topological obstruction: the existence of a possibly
discontinuous function f: G → X with too small distortion contradicts the connectedness
of G.'
acknowledgement: "Funding Henry Adams: Simons Foundation Travel Support for Mathematicians.\r\nŽiga
Virk: Slovene research agency grant P1-0292.\r\nNicolò Zava: FWF Grant, Project
number I4245-N35.\r\n"
alternative_title:
- LIPIcs
article_number: 3:1-3:16
article_processing_charge: Yes
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Henry
full_name: Adams, Henry
last_name: Adams
- first_name: Sushovan
full_name: Majhi, Sushovan
last_name: Majhi
- first_name: Fedor
full_name: Manin, Fedor
last_name: Manin
- first_name: Ziga
full_name: Virk, Ziga
id: 2E36B656-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Virk
- first_name: Nicolò
full_name: Zava, Nicolò
id: c8b3499c-7a77-11eb-b046-aa368cbbf2ad
last_name: Zava
orcid: 0000-0001-8686-1888
citation:
ama: 'Adams H, Majhi S, Manin F, Virk Z, Zava N. Lower bounding the Gromov–Hausdorff
distance in metric graphs. In: 42nd International Symposium on Computational
Geometry. Vol 367. Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik; 2026.
doi:10.4230/LIPIcs.SoCG.2026.3'
apa: 'Adams, H., Majhi, S., Manin, F., Virk, Z., & Zava, N. (2026). Lower bounding
the Gromov–Hausdorff distance in metric graphs. In 42nd International Symposium
on Computational Geometry (Vol. 367). New Brunswick, NJ, United States: Schloss
Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik. https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.SoCG.2026.3'
chicago: Adams, Henry, Sushovan Majhi, Fedor Manin, Ziga Virk, and Nicolò Zava.
“Lower Bounding the Gromov–Hausdorff Distance in Metric Graphs.” In 42nd International
Symposium on Computational Geometry, Vol. 367. Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum
für Informatik, 2026. https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.SoCG.2026.3.
ieee: H. Adams, S. Majhi, F. Manin, Z. Virk, and N. Zava, “Lower bounding the Gromov–Hausdorff
distance in metric graphs,” in 42nd International Symposium on Computational
Geometry, New Brunswick, NJ, United States, 2026, vol. 367.
ista: 'Adams H, Majhi S, Manin F, Virk Z, Zava N. 2026. Lower bounding the Gromov–Hausdorff
distance in metric graphs. 42nd International Symposium on Computational Geometry.
SoCG: Symposium on Computational Geometry, LIPIcs, vol. 367, 3:1-3:16.'
mla: Adams, Henry, et al. “Lower Bounding the Gromov–Hausdorff Distance in Metric
Graphs.” 42nd International Symposium on Computational Geometry, vol. 367,
3:1-3:16, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2026, doi:10.4230/LIPIcs.SoCG.2026.3.
short: H. Adams, S. Majhi, F. Manin, Z. Virk, N. Zava, in:, 42nd International Symposium
on Computational Geometry, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik,
2026.
conference:
end_date: 2026-06-05
location: New Brunswick, NJ, United States
name: 'SoCG: Symposium on Computational Geometry'
start_date: 2026-06-02
corr_author: '1'
das_tickbox: '0'
date_created: 2026-06-14T22:01:44Z
date_published: 2026-05-27T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-06-22T08:49:17Z
day: '27'
ddc:
- '500'
department:
- _id: HeEd
doi: 10.4230/LIPIcs.SoCG.2026.3
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2411.09182'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 25d27c016409563196b8aecfe5bfdf41
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2026-06-22T08:43:47Z
date_updated: 2026-06-22T08:43:47Z
file_id: '22115'
file_name: 2026_LIPIcSSoCG_Adams.pdf
file_size: 1091310
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2026-06-22T08:43:47Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 367'
keyword:
- Gromov–Hausdorff distance
- distortion
- connectedness
- Borsuk–Ulam theorem
language:
- iso: eng
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: 26AD5D90-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: I04245
name: Algebraic Footprints of Geometric Features in Homology
publication: 42nd International Symposium on Computational Geometry
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1868-8969
isbn:
- '9783959774185'
publication_status: published
publisher: Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Lower bounding the Gromov–Hausdorff distance in metric graphs
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 367
year: '2026'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
_id: '22004'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Recent research on computing the diameter of geometric intersection graphs
has made significant strides, primarily focusing on the 2D case [Duraj et al.,
2024; Hsien-Chih Chang et al., 2024; Chan et al., 2025] where truly subquadratic-time
algorithms were given for simple objects such as unit-disks and (axis-aligned)
squares. However, in three or higher dimensions, there is no known truly subquadratic-time
algorithm for any intersection graph of non-trivial objects, even basic ones such
as unit balls or (axis-aligned) unit cubes. This was partially explained by the
pioneering work of Bringmann et al. [Karl Bringmann et al., 2022] which gave several
truly subquadratic lower bounds, notably for unit balls or unit cubes in 3D when
the graph diameter Δ is at least Ω(log n), hinting at a pessimistic outlook for
the complexity of the diameter problem in higher dimensions. In this paper, we
substantially extend the landscape of diameter computation for objects in three
and higher dimensions, giving a few positive results. Our highlighted findings
include: \r\n1) A truly subquadratic-time algorithm for deciding if the diameter
of unit cubes in 3D is at most 3 (Diameter-3 hereafter), the first algorithm of
its kind for objects in 3D or higher dimensions. Our algorithm is based on a novel
connection to pseudolines, which is of independent interest. \r\n2) A truly subquadratic
time lower bound for Diameter-3 of unit balls in 3D under the Orthogonal Vector
(OV) hypothesis, giving the first separation between unit balls and unit cubes
in the small diameter regime. Previously, computing the diameter for both objects
was known to be quadratic hard when the diameter is Ω(log n) [Karl Bringmann et
al., 2022]. \r\n3) A near-linear-time algorithm for Diameter-2 of unit cubes in
3D, generalizing the previous result for unit squares in 2D [Karl Bringmann et
al., 2022]. \r\n4) A truly subquadratic-time algorithm and lower bound for Diameter-2
and Diameter-3 of rectangular boxes (of arbitrary dimension and sizes), respectively."
acknowledgement: "Timothy M. Chan: Supported by NSF grant CCF-2224271.\r\nHsien-Chih
Chang: Supported by NSF CAREER award CCF-2443017.\r\nJie Gao: Supported by NSF DMS-2220271,
DMS-2311064, IIS-2229876, CCF-2118953, CNS-2515159.\r\nSándor Kisfaludi-Bak: Supported
by the Research Council of Finland, Grant 363444.\r\nHung Le: Supported by an NSF
grant CCF-2517033 and an NSF CAREER Award CCF-2237288. Da Wei Zheng: This project
has received funding from the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) grant\r\nDOI 10.55776/I5982.
For open access purposes, the author has applied a CC BY public copyright license
to any author-accepted manuscript version arising from this submission."
alternative_title:
- LIPIcs
article_number: 29:1-29:15
article_processing_charge: Yes
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Timothy M.
full_name: Chan, Timothy M.
last_name: Chan
- first_name: Hsien Chih
full_name: Chang, Hsien Chih
last_name: Chang
- first_name: Jie
full_name: Gao, Jie
last_name: Gao
- first_name: Sándor
full_name: Kisfaludi-Bak, Sándor
last_name: Kisfaludi-Bak
- first_name: Hung
full_name: Le, Hung
last_name: Le
- first_name: Da Wei
full_name: Zheng, Da Wei
id: af77956b-e859-11ef-8dc9-d301b898e32f
last_name: Zheng
citation:
ama: 'Chan TM, Chang HC, Gao J, Kisfaludi-Bak S, Le H, Zheng DW. Charting the diameter
computation landscape of intersection graphs in 3D and above. In: 42nd International
Symposium on Computational Geometry. Vol 367. Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum
für Informatik; 2026. doi:10.4230/LIPIcs.SoCG.2026.29'
apa: 'Chan, T. M., Chang, H. C., Gao, J., Kisfaludi-Bak, S., Le, H., & Zheng,
D. W. (2026). Charting the diameter computation landscape of intersection graphs
in 3D and above. In 42nd International Symposium on Computational Geometry
(Vol. 367). New Brunswick, NJ, United States: Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum
für Informatik. https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.SoCG.2026.29'
chicago: Chan, Timothy M., Hsien Chih Chang, Jie Gao, Sándor Kisfaludi-Bak, Hung
Le, and Da Wei Zheng. “Charting the Diameter Computation Landscape of Intersection
Graphs in 3D and Above.” In 42nd International Symposium on Computational Geometry,
Vol. 367. Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2026. https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.SoCG.2026.29.
ieee: T. M. Chan, H. C. Chang, J. Gao, S. Kisfaludi-Bak, H. Le, and D. W. Zheng,
“Charting the diameter computation landscape of intersection graphs in 3D and
above,” in 42nd International Symposium on Computational Geometry, New
Brunswick, NJ, United States, 2026, vol. 367.
ista: 'Chan TM, Chang HC, Gao J, Kisfaludi-Bak S, Le H, Zheng DW. 2026. Charting
the diameter computation landscape of intersection graphs in 3D and above. 42nd
International Symposium on Computational Geometry. SoCG: Symposium on Computational
Geometry, LIPIcs, vol. 367, 29:1-29:15.'
mla: Chan, Timothy M., et al. “Charting the Diameter Computation Landscape of Intersection
Graphs in 3D and Above.” 42nd International Symposium on Computational Geometry,
vol. 367, 29:1-29:15, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2026,
doi:10.4230/LIPIcs.SoCG.2026.29.
short: T.M. Chan, H.C. Chang, J. Gao, S. Kisfaludi-Bak, H. Le, D.W. Zheng, in:,
42nd International Symposium on Computational Geometry, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum
für Informatik, 2026.
conference:
end_date: 2026-06-05
location: New Brunswick, NJ, United States
name: 'SoCG: Symposium on Computational Geometry'
start_date: 2026-06-02
corr_author: '1'
das_tickbox: '0'
date_created: 2026-06-14T22:01:44Z
date_published: 2026-05-27T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-06-22T08:37:44Z
day: '27'
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: MoHe
doi: 10.4230/LIPIcs.SoCG.2026.29
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2603.21790'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: ffff03934cc182757d6db82d88f896e6
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2026-06-22T08:34:11Z
date_updated: 2026-06-22T08:34:11Z
file_id: '22114'
file_name: 2026_LIPIcSSoCG_Chan.pdf
file_size: 918197
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2026-06-22T08:34:11Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 367'
keyword:
- Graph Diameter
- Geometric Intersection Graphs
- Unit Ball Graphs
language:
- iso: eng
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: bda196b2-d553-11ed-ba76-8e8ee6c21103
grant_number: I05982
name: Static and Dynamic Hierarchical Graph Decompositions
publication: 42nd International Symposium on Computational Geometry
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1868-8969
isbn:
- '9783959774185'
publication_status: published
publisher: Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Charting the diameter computation landscape of intersection graphs in 3D and
above
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 367
year: '2026'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: hybrid
_id: '22006'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Runtime monitoring checks, during execution, whether a partial signal produced
by a hybrid system satisfies its specification. Signal First-Order Logic (SFO)
offers expressive real-time specifications over such signals, but currently comes
only with Boolean semantics and has no tool support. We provide the first robustness-based
quantitative semantics for SFO, enabling the expression and evaluation of rich
real-time properties beyond the scope of existing formalisms such as Signal Temporal
Logic. To enable online monitoring, we identify a past-time fragment of SFO and
give a pastification procedure that transforms bounded-response SFO formulas into
equisatisfiable formulas in this fragment. We then develop an efficient runtime
monitoring algorithm for this past-time fragment and evaluate its performance
on a set of benchmarks, demonstrating the practicality and effectiveness of our
approach. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first publicly available prototype
for online quantitative monitoring of full SFO.
acknowledgement: We thank the anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. This
work was supported by the European Research Council (ERC) Grants VAMOS (No. 101020093)
and HYPER (No. 101055412), and by the Advanced Research and Invention Agency under
the Safeguarded AI programme (MSAI-PR01-P047).
alternative_title:
- LNCS
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Marek
full_name: Chalupa, Marek
id: 87e34708-d6c6-11ec-9f5b-9391e7be2463
last_name: Chalupa
- first_name: Thomas A
full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A
id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Henzinger
orcid: 0000-0002-2985-7724
- first_name: Naci E
full_name: Sarac, Naci E
id: 8C6B42F8-C8E6-11E9-A03A-F2DCE5697425
last_name: Sarac
- first_name: Zhengqi
full_name: Yu, Zhengqi
id: 20aa2ae8-f2f1-11ed-bbfa-8205053f1342
last_name: Yu
orcid: 0000-0002-4993-773X
citation:
ama: 'Chalupa M, Henzinger TA, Sarac NE, Yu E. Quantitative monitoring of Signal
First-Order logic. In: 27th International Symposium on Formal Methods.
Vol 16557. Springer Nature; 2026:214-233. doi:10.1007/978-3-032-26220-2_11'
apa: 'Chalupa, M., Henzinger, T. A., Sarac, N. E., & Yu, E. (2026). Quantitative
monitoring of Signal First-Order logic. In 27th International Symposium on
Formal Methods (Vol. 16557, pp. 214–233). Tokyo, Japan: Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-26220-2_11'
chicago: Chalupa, Marek, Thomas A Henzinger, Naci E Sarac, and Emily Yu. “Quantitative
Monitoring of Signal First-Order Logic.” In 27th International Symposium on
Formal Methods, 16557:214–33. Springer Nature, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-26220-2_11.
ieee: M. Chalupa, T. A. Henzinger, N. E. Sarac, and E. Yu, “Quantitative monitoring
of Signal First-Order logic,” in 27th International Symposium on Formal Methods,
Tokyo, Japan, 2026, vol. 16557, pp. 214–233.
ista: 'Chalupa M, Henzinger TA, Sarac NE, Yu E. 2026. Quantitative monitoring of Signal
First-Order logic. 27th International Symposium on Formal Methods. FM: Formal
Methods, LNCS, vol. 16557, 214–233.'
mla: Chalupa, Marek, et al. “Quantitative Monitoring of Signal First-Order Logic.”
27th International Symposium on Formal Methods, vol. 16557, Springer Nature,
2026, pp. 214–33, doi:10.1007/978-3-032-26220-2_11.
short: M. Chalupa, T.A. Henzinger, N.E. Sarac, E. Yu, in:, 27th International Symposium
on Formal Methods, Springer Nature, 2026, pp. 214–233.
conference:
end_date: 2026-05-22
location: Tokyo, Japan
name: 'FM: Formal Methods'
start_date: 2026-05-18
das_tickbox: '0'
date_created: 2026-06-14T22:01:44Z
date_published: 2026-05-18T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-06-22T08:21:09Z
day: '18'
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: ToHe
doi: 10.1007/978-3-032-26220-2_11
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2603.00728'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 7055199ecb985e9e2e272f4988827067
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2026-06-22T08:18:41Z
date_updated: 2026-06-22T08:18:41Z
file_id: '22113'
file_name: 2026_LNCS_Chalupa.pdf
file_size: 849237
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2026-06-22T08:18:41Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 16557'
keyword:
- Signal first-order logic
- Robustness-based quantitative semantics
- Online runtime monitoring
language:
- iso: eng
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 214-233
project:
- _id: 62781420-2b32-11ec-9570-8d9b63373d4d
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '101020093'
name: Vigilant Algorithmic Monitoring of Software
publication: 27th International Symposium on Formal Methods
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1611-3349
isbn:
- '9783032262196'
issn:
- 0302-9743
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Quantitative monitoring of Signal First-Order logic
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 16557
year: '2026'
...
---
DOAJ_listed: '1'
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
PlanS_conform: '1'
_id: '22100'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Spin mixtures of degenerate fermions are a cornerstone of quantum many-body
physics, enabling superfluidity, polarons, and rich spin dynamics through s-wave
scattering resonances. Combining them with strong, long-range dipolar interactions
provides highly flexible control schemes promising even more exotic quantum phases.
Recently, microwave shielding gave access to spin-polarized degenerate samples
of dipolar fermionic molecules, where tunable p-wave interactions were enabled
by field-linked resonances available only by compromising the shielding (due to
experimental limitations). Here, we study the scattering properties of a fermionic
dipolar spin mixture and show that a universal s-wave resonance is readily accessible
without compromising the shielding. We develop a universal description of the
tunable s-wave interaction and weakly bound tetratomic states based on the microwave-field
parameters. The s-wave resonance paves the way to stable, controllable and strongly-interacting
dipolar spin mixtures of deeply degenerate fermions and supports favorable conditions
to reach this regime via evaporative cooling.
acknowledgement: J.-L.Li thanks Gaoren Wang for valuable discussions on the absorbing
boundary condition. G.M.K. thanks P. Giannakeas for fruitful discussions during
the initial stages of this study. G.M.K. was funded by the Austrian Science Fund
(FWF) [10.55776/F1004]. R.A. received funding from the Austrian Academy of Science
ÖAW grant No. PR1029OEAW03. A.S. acknowledges funding from the European Union’s
Horizon Europe research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 101219560.
article_number: '201'
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Jinglun
full_name: Li, Jinglun
id: ff19510a-0d2c-11ef-b018-c338ad2f4325
last_name: Li
- first_name: Georgios
full_name: Koutentakis, Georgios
id: d7b23d3a-9e21-11ec-b482-f76739596b95
last_name: Koutentakis
- first_name: Mateja
full_name: Hrast, Mateja
id: 48dbb294-2a9c-11ef-905d-f56be71f0e5d
last_name: Hrast
- first_name: Mikhail
full_name: Lemeshko, Mikhail
id: 37CB05FA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Lemeshko
orcid: 0000-0002-6990-7802
- first_name: Andreas
full_name: Schindewolf, Andreas
last_name: Schindewolf
- first_name: Ragheed
full_name: Al Hyder, Ragheed
id: d1c405be-ae15-11ed-8510-ccf53278162e
last_name: Al Hyder
citation:
ama: Li J, Koutentakis G, Hrast M, Lemeshko M, Schindewolf A, Al Hyder R. Tunable
field-linked s-wave interactions in dipolar fermi mixtures. Communications
Physics. 2026;9. doi:10.1038/s42005-026-02578-8
apa: Li, J., Koutentakis, G., Hrast, M., Lemeshko, M., Schindewolf, A., & Al
Hyder, R. (2026). Tunable field-linked s-wave interactions in dipolar fermi mixtures.
Communications Physics. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42005-026-02578-8
chicago: Li, Jinglun, Georgios Koutentakis, Mateja Hrast, Mikhail Lemeshko, Andreas
Schindewolf, and Ragheed Al Hyder. “Tunable Field-Linked s-Wave Interactions in
Dipolar Fermi Mixtures.” Communications Physics. Springer Nature, 2026.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s42005-026-02578-8.
ieee: J. Li, G. Koutentakis, M. Hrast, M. Lemeshko, A. Schindewolf, and R. Al Hyder,
“Tunable field-linked s-wave interactions in dipolar fermi mixtures,” Communications
Physics, vol. 9. Springer Nature, 2026.
ista: Li J, Koutentakis G, Hrast M, Lemeshko M, Schindewolf A, Al Hyder R. 2026.
Tunable field-linked s-wave interactions in dipolar fermi mixtures. Communications
Physics. 9, 201.
mla: Li, Jinglun, et al. “Tunable Field-Linked s-Wave Interactions in Dipolar Fermi
Mixtures.” Communications Physics, vol. 9, 201, Springer Nature, 2026,
doi:10.1038/s42005-026-02578-8.
short: J. Li, G. Koutentakis, M. Hrast, M. Lemeshko, A. Schindewolf, R. Al Hyder,
Communications Physics 9 (2026).
corr_author: '1'
das_tickbox: '1'
dataavailabilitystatement: The data that support the findings of this study are available
from the corresponding authors upon request. The computational codes that were used
to generate the figures presented in this study are available from the corresponding
authors upon request.
date_created: 2026-06-21T22:02:58Z
date_published: 2026-04-14T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-06-24T06:10:44Z
day: '14'
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: MiLe
doi: 10.1038/s42005-026-02578-8
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2506.23318'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 3bf5852b54b9f13ec1679056a5f58c3a
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2026-06-24T06:09:35Z
date_updated: 2026-06-24T06:09:35Z
file_id: '22133'
file_name: 2026_CommunicationsPhysics_Li.pdf
file_size: 1161879
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success: 1
file_date_updated: 2026-06-24T06:09:35Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 9'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: 7c040762-9f16-11ee-852c-dd79eeee4ab3
grant_number: F100403
name: Coherent Optical Metrology Beyond Electric-Dipole-Allowed Transitions
- _id: 8fa7db46-16d5-11f0-9cad-917600954daf
grant_number: '12078'
name: Polarons in Lead Halide Perovskites
publication: Communications Physics
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2399-3650
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
researchdata_availability: upon request
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
supplementarymaterial: yes
title: Tunable field-linked s-wave interactions in dipolar fermi mixtures
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
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year: '2026'
...
---
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_id: '22102'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'Differential privacy (DP) has established itself as one of the standards
for ensuring privacy of individual data. However, reasoning about DP is a challenging
and error-prone task, hence methods for formal verification and refutation of
DP properties have received significant interest in recent years. In this work,
we present a novel method for automated formal refutation of є-DP. Our method
refutes є-DP by searching for a pair of inputs together with a non-negative function
over outputs whose expected value on these two inputs differs by a significant
amount. The two inputs and the non-negative function over outputs are computed
simultaneously, by utilizing upper expectation supermartingales and lower expectation
submartingales from probabilistic program analysis, which we leverage to introduce
a sound and complete proof rule for є-DP refutation. To the best of our knowledge,
our method is the first method for є-DP refutation to offer the following four
desirable features: (1) it is fully automated, (2) it is applicable to stochastic
mechanisms with sampling instructions from both discrete and continuous distributions,
(3) it provides soundness guarantees, and (4) it provides semi-completeness guarantees.
Our experiments show that our prototype tool SuperDP achieves superior performance
compared to the state of the art and manages to refute є-DP for a number of challenging
examples collected from the literature, including ones that were out of the reach
of prior methods.'
acknowledgement: "The authors would like to thank Petr Novotný for valuable discussions
that helped shape this work.\r\nThis research was supported by the Singapore Ministry
of Education (MOE) Academic Research\r\nFund (AcRF) Tier 1 grant (Proposal ID: 25-SIS-SMU-009),
Vienna Science and Technology Fund\r\n(WWTF), State of Lower Austria [Grant ID 10.47379/ICT25017],
ERC CoG 863818 (ForM-SMArt),\r\nand Austrian Science Fund (FWF) 10.55776/COE12."
article_number: '218'
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Krishnendu
full_name: Chatterjee, Krishnendu
id: 2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Chatterjee
orcid: 0000-0002-4561-241X
- first_name: Ehsan
full_name: Kafshdar Goharshadi, Ehsan
id: 103b4fa0-896a-11ed-bdf8-87b697bef40d
last_name: Kafshdar Goharshadi
orcid: 0000-0002-8595-0587
- first_name: Dorde
full_name: Zikelic, Dorde
id: 294AA7A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Zikelic
orcid: 0000-0002-4681-1699
citation:
ama: 'Chatterjee K, Goharshady E, Zikelic D. SuperDP: Differential privacy refutation
via supermartingales. Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages.
2026;10(PLDI). doi:10.1145/3808296'
apa: 'Chatterjee, K., Goharshady, E., & Zikelic, D. (2026). SuperDP: Differential
privacy refutation via supermartingales. Proceedings of the ACM on Programming
Languages. Association for Computing Machinery. https://doi.org/10.1145/3808296'
chicago: 'Chatterjee, Krishnendu, Ehsan Goharshady, and Dorde Zikelic. “SuperDP:
Differential Privacy Refutation via Supermartingales.” Proceedings of the ACM
on Programming Languages. Association for Computing Machinery, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1145/3808296.'
ieee: 'K. Chatterjee, E. Goharshady, and D. Zikelic, “SuperDP: Differential privacy
refutation via supermartingales,” Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages,
vol. 10, no. PLDI. Association for Computing Machinery, 2026.'
ista: 'Chatterjee K, Goharshady E, Zikelic D. 2026. SuperDP: Differential privacy
refutation via supermartingales. Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages.
10(PLDI), 218.'
mla: 'Chatterjee, Krishnendu, et al. “SuperDP: Differential Privacy Refutation via
Supermartingales.” Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages, vol.
10, no. PLDI, 218, Association for Computing Machinery, 2026, doi:10.1145/3808296.'
short: K. Chatterjee, E. Goharshady, D. Zikelic, Proceedings of the ACM on Programming
Languages 10 (2026).
corr_author: '1'
das_tickbox: '1'
dataavailabilitystatement: "The artifact supporting the findings of this study, which
includes the underlying datasets, software\r\ncode, and experiments, is publicly
available in Zenodo https://zenodo.org/records/19399862."
date_created: 2026-06-21T22:02:59Z
date_published: 2026-06-08T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-06-24T06:39:37Z
day: '08'
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: KrCh
doi: 10.1145/3808296
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2603.26215'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 994bf21d6269dabccf1e1091e02962c5
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2026-06-24T06:19:56Z
date_updated: 2026-06-24T06:19:56Z
file_id: '22135'
file_name: 2026_ProcACMProgrammingLanguages_Chatterjee.pdf
file_size: 858595
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2026-06-24T06:19:56Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 10'
issue: PLDI
keyword:
- Static Program Analysis
- Differential Privacy
- Probabilistic Programming
- Martingales
language:
- iso: eng
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: 0599E47C-7A3F-11EA-A408-12923DDC885E
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '863818'
name: 'Formal Methods for Stochastic Models: Algorithms and Applications'
publication: Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2475-1421
publication_status: published
publisher: Association for Computing Machinery
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
record:
- id: '22134'
relation: research_data
status: public
researchdata_availability: yes
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
supplementarymaterial: no
title: 'SuperDP: Differential privacy refutation via supermartingales'
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
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year: '2026'
...
---
OA_place: repository
OA_type: green
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abstract:
- lang: eng
text: This artifact provides the source code, benchmarks, and scripts necessary
to build and reproduce the experimental results for `SuperDP` (Accepted at PLDI
2026). It also includes instructions for running the tool on user-provided inputs.
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Krishnendu
full_name: Chatterjee, Krishnendu
id: 2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Chatterjee
orcid: 0000-0002-4561-241X
- first_name: Ehsan
full_name: Kafshdar Goharshadi, Ehsan
id: 103b4fa0-896a-11ed-bdf8-87b697bef40d
last_name: Kafshdar Goharshadi
orcid: 0000-0002-8595-0587
- first_name: Dorde
full_name: Zikelic, Dorde
id: 294AA7A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Zikelic
orcid: 0000-0002-4681-1699
citation:
ama: 'Chatterjee K, Goharshady E, Zikelic D. SuperDP: Differential Privacy Refutation
via Supermartingales. 2026. doi:10.5281/ZENODO.18930113'
apa: 'Chatterjee, K., Goharshady, E., & Zikelic, D. (2026). SuperDP: Differential
Privacy Refutation via Supermartingales. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.18930113'
chicago: 'Chatterjee, Krishnendu, Ehsan Goharshady, and Dorde Zikelic. “SuperDP:
Differential Privacy Refutation via Supermartingales.” Zenodo, 2026. https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.18930113.'
ieee: 'K. Chatterjee, E. Goharshady, and D. Zikelic, “SuperDP: Differential Privacy
Refutation via Supermartingales.” Zenodo, 2026.'
ista: 'Chatterjee K, Goharshady E, Zikelic D. 2026. SuperDP: Differential Privacy
Refutation via Supermartingales, Zenodo, 10.5281/ZENODO.18930113.'
mla: 'Chatterjee, Krishnendu, et al. SuperDP: Differential Privacy Refutation
via Supermartingales. Zenodo, 2026, doi:10.5281/ZENODO.18930113.'
short: K. Chatterjee, E. Goharshady, D. Zikelic, (2026).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2026-06-24T06:25:29Z
date_published: 2026-03-09T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-06-24T06:39:38Z
day: '09'
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: KrCh
doi: 10.5281/ZENODO.18930113
has_accepted_license: '1'
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.18930113
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publisher: Zenodo
related_material:
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relation: used_in_publication
status: public
status: public
title: 'SuperDP: Differential Privacy Refutation via Supermartingales'
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: research_data_reference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2026'
...
---
_id: '20833'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Sex-chromosome systems are highly variable across animals, but how they transition
from one to another is not well understood. Diptera have undergone multiple sex-chromosome
turnovers and expansions while maintaining their general chromosomal content,
which makes them an ideal clade to study such transitions. We analysed more than
100 dipteran whole-genome assemblies and identified 4 new lineages that underwent
sex-chromosome turnover (in addition to the 5 previously reported). We find the
majority of turnovers happened in the group Schizophora, which tend to have fewer
genes on the F element (the chromosome homologous to the ancestral insect X chromosome)
than lower dipterans, a factor previously hypothesized to facilitate turnover.
Most derived X chromosomes have higher GC content than autosomes, consistent with
a high prevalence of male-achiasmy in Diptera. In addition, an excess of gene
movement out of the X is detected for most of these new X chromosomes, and many
of these moved genes have high testis expression in Drosophila, suggesting that
out-of-X gene movement contributes to the long-term demasculinization of X chromosomes.
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Lorena Alexandra
full_name: Layana Franco, Lorena Alexandra
id: 02814589-eb8f-11eb-b029-a70074f3f18f
last_name: Layana Franco
orcid: 0000-0002-1253-6297
- first_name: Melissa A
full_name: Toups, Melissa A
id: 4E099E4E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Toups
orcid: 0000-0002-9752-7380
- first_name: Beatriz
full_name: Vicoso, Beatriz
id: 49E1C5C6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Vicoso
orcid: 0000-0002-4579-8306
citation:
ama: Layana Franco LA, Toups MA, Vicoso B. Research Data for “Causes and consequences
of sex-chromosome turnovers in Diptera.” 2026. doi:10.15479/AT-ISTA-20833
apa: Layana Franco, L. A., Toups, M. A., & Vicoso, B. (2026). Research Data
for “Causes and consequences of sex-chromosome turnovers in Diptera.” Institute
of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-20833
chicago: Layana Franco, Lorena Alexandra, Melissa A Toups, and Beatriz Vicoso. “Research
Data for ‘Causes and Consequences of Sex-Chromosome Turnovers in Diptera.’” Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2026. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-20833.
ieee: L. A. Layana Franco, M. A. Toups, and B. Vicoso, “Research Data for ‘Causes
and consequences of sex-chromosome turnovers in Diptera.’” Institute of Science
and Technology Austria, 2026.
ista: Layana Franco LA, Toups MA, Vicoso B. 2026. Research Data for ‘Causes and
consequences of sex-chromosome turnovers in Diptera’, Institute of Science and
Technology Austria, 10.15479/AT-ISTA-20833.
mla: Layana Franco, Lorena Alexandra, et al. Research Data for “Causes and Consequences
of Sex-Chromosome Turnovers in Diptera.” Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2026, doi:10.15479/AT-ISTA-20833.
short: L.A. Layana Franco, M.A. Toups, B. Vicoso, (2026).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2025-12-17T10:10:57Z
date_published: 2026-01-08T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-06-10T09:21:49Z
day: '8'
department:
- _id: BeVi
doi: 10.15479/AT-ISTA-20833
file:
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checksum: 0b79be6229f2ad9ac117ef00fc4f5c0e
content_type: text/plain
creator: llayanaf
date_created: 2025-12-17T10:09:25Z
date_updated: 2025-12-17T10:09:25Z
file_id: '20834'
file_name: README.txt
file_size: 1201
relation: main_file
success: 1
- access_level: open_access
checksum: daf1c03149dd170b14e5c8e109ee3c77
content_type: application/zip
creator: llayanaf
date_created: 2025-12-17T10:10:11Z
date_updated: 2025-12-17T10:10:11Z
file_id: '20835'
file_name: Supplementary_Datasets.zip
file_size: 19052849
relation: main_file
success: 1
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 251e7aab01917c2ad2fbccf465492ea1
content_type: application/zip
creator: llayanaf
date_created: 2025-12-17T10:12:05Z
date_updated: 2025-12-17T10:12:05Z
file_id: '20837'
file_name: Perl_scripts.zip
file_size: 4575
relation: main_file
success: 1
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 3cabf143b8cd286eae48c598da2b03bd
content_type: application/zip
creator: llayanaf
date_created: 2026-01-08T01:35:08Z
date_updated: 2026-01-08T01:35:08Z
file_id: '20959'
file_name: Supplementary_Tables.zip
file_size: 572362
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2026-01-08T01:35:08Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- Schizophora
- sex chromosomes
- sex-chromosome turnover
- Diptera
- genomic features
- out-of-X movement.
month: '01'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
status: public
title: Research Data for 'Causes and consequences of sex-chromosome turnovers in Diptera'
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: research_data
user_id: 68b8ca59-c5b3-11ee-8790-cd641c68093d
year: '2026'
...
---
DOAJ_listed: '1'
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
PlanS_conform: '1'
_id: '20840'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Probing the possibility of entanglement generation through gravity offers
a path to tackle the question of whether gravitational fields possess a quantum
mechanical nature. A potential realization necessitates systems with low-frequency
dynamics at an optimal mass scale, for which the microgram-to-milligram range
is a strong contender. Here, after refining a figure-of-merit for the problem,
we present a 1-milligram torsional pendulum operating at 18 Hz. We demonstrate
laser cooling its motion from room temperature to 240 microkelvins, surpassing
by over 20-fold the coldest motions attained for oscillators ranging from micrograms
to kilograms. We quantify and contrast the utility of the current approach with
other platforms. The achieved performance and large improvement potential highlight
milligram-scale torsional pendulums as a powerful platform for precision measurements
relevant to future studies at the quantum-gravity interface.
acknowledgement: We thank Gerard Higgins, Andrei Militaru, Nikolai Kiesel, and Markus
Aspelmeyer for useful discussions on the topic of the figure-of-merit. We thank
Teodor Strömberg for helping with the additional characterizations of the optical
lever noise. We thank Johannes Fink and Scott Waitukaitis for their helpful feedback
on the manuscript. This work was supported by Institute of Science and Technology
Austria and the European Research Council under Grant No. 101087907 (ERC CoG QuHAMP).
article_number: '80'
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Sofya
full_name: Agafonova, Sofya
id: 09501ff6-dca7-11ea-a8ae-b3e0b9166e80
last_name: Agafonova
orcid: 0000-0003-0582-2946
- first_name: Pere
full_name: Rosello, Pere
last_name: Rosello
- first_name: Manuel
full_name: Mekonnen, Manuel
last_name: Mekonnen
- first_name: Onur
full_name: Hosten, Onur
id: 4C02D85E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Hosten
orcid: 0000-0002-2031-204X
citation:
ama: Agafonova S, Rosello P, Mekonnen M, Hosten O. One-milligram torsional pendulum
toward experiments at the quantum-gravity interface. Communications Physics.
2026;9. doi:10.1038/s42005-026-02514-w
apa: Agafonova, S., Rosello, P., Mekonnen, M., & Hosten, O. (2026). One-milligram
torsional pendulum toward experiments at the quantum-gravity interface. Communications
Physics. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42005-026-02514-w
chicago: Agafonova, Sofia, Pere Rosello, Manuel Mekonnen, and Onur Hosten. “One-Milligram
Torsional Pendulum toward Experiments at the Quantum-Gravity Interface.” Communications
Physics. Springer Nature, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42005-026-02514-w.
ieee: S. Agafonova, P. Rosello, M. Mekonnen, and O. Hosten, “One-milligram torsional
pendulum toward experiments at the quantum-gravity interface,” Communications
Physics, vol. 9. Springer Nature, 2026.
ista: Agafonova S, Rosello P, Mekonnen M, Hosten O. 2026. One-milligram torsional
pendulum toward experiments at the quantum-gravity interface. Communications Physics.
9, 80.
mla: Agafonova, Sofia, et al. “One-Milligram Torsional Pendulum toward Experiments
at the Quantum-Gravity Interface.” Communications Physics, vol. 9, 80,
Springer Nature, 2026, doi:10.1038/s42005-026-02514-w.
short: S. Agafonova, P. Rosello, M. Mekonnen, O. Hosten, Communications Physics
9 (2026).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2025-12-21T11:39:04Z
date_published: 2026-03-04T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-06-10T08:36:06Z
day: '04'
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: OnHo
doi: 10.1038/s42005-026-02514-w
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2408.09445'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 62e2175e7e3ad49260ae6a7b4e0860a2
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2026-03-16T10:07:46Z
date_updated: 2026-03-16T10:07:46Z
file_id: '21457'
file_name: 2026_CommunicationsPhysics_Agafonova.pdf
file_size: 1901772
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2026-03-16T10:07:46Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 9'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: bdb2a702-d553-11ed-ba76-f12e3e5a3bc6
grant_number: '101087907'
name: 'A quantum hybrid of atoms and milligram-scale pendulums: towards gravitational
quantum mechanics'
publication: Communications Physics
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2399-3650
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
record:
- id: '20842'
relation: research_data
status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: One-milligram torsional pendulum toward experiments at the quantum-gravity
interface
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 9
year: '2026'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: hybrid
PlanS_conform: '1'
_id: '20865'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "We prove the convergence of a modified Jordan–Kinderlehrer–Otto scheme to
a solution\r\nto the Fokker–Planck equation in Ω e R^d with general—strictly positive
and temporally\r\nconstant—Dirichlet boundary conditions. We work under mild assumptions
on the domain,\r\nthe drift, and the initial datum. In the special case where
Ω is an interval in R1, we prove\r\nthat such a solution is a gradient flow—curve
of maximal slope—within a suitable space of\r\nmeasures, endowed with a modified
Wasserstein distance. Our discrete scheme and modified\r\ndistance draw inspiration
from contributions by A. Figalli and N. Gigli [J. Math. Pures\r\nAppl. 94, (2010),
pp. 107–130], and J. Morales [J. Math. Pures Appl. 112, (2018), pp. 41–88]\r\non
an optimal-transport approach to evolution equations with Dirichlet boundary conditions.\r\nSimilarly
to these works, we allow the mass to flow from/to the boundary ∂Ω throughout\r\nthe
evolution. However, our leading idea is to also keep track of the mass at the
boundary\r\nby working with measures defined on the whole closure Ω . The driving
functional is a\r\nmodification of the classical relative entropy that also makes
use of the information at the\r\nboundary. As an intermediate result, when Ω is
an interval in R1, we find a formula for the\r\ndescending slope of this geodesically
nonconvex functional."
acknowledgement: The author would like to thank Jan Maas for suggesting this project
and for many helpful comments, Antonio Agresti, Lorenzo Dello Schiavo and Julian
Fischer for several fruitful discussions, Oliver Tse for pointing out the reference
[10], and the anonymous reviewer for carefully reading this manuscript and providing
valuable suggestions. He also gratefully acknowledges support from the Austrian
Science Fund (FWF) project 10.55776/F65.Open access funding provided by Institute
of Science and Technology (IST Austria).
article_number: '23'
article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal)
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Filippo
full_name: Quattrocchi, Filippo
id: 3ebd6ba8-edfb-11eb-afb5-91a9745ba308
last_name: Quattrocchi
orcid: 0009-0000-9773-1931
citation:
ama: Quattrocchi F. Variational structures for the Fokker-Planck equation with general
Dirichlet boundary conditions. Calculus of Variations and Partial Differential
Equations. 2026;65(1). doi:10.1007/s00526-025-03193-1
apa: Quattrocchi, F. (2026). Variational structures for the Fokker-Planck equation
with general Dirichlet boundary conditions. Calculus of Variations and Partial
Differential Equations. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00526-025-03193-1
chicago: Quattrocchi, Filippo. “Variational Structures for the Fokker-Planck Equation
with General Dirichlet Boundary Conditions.” Calculus of Variations and Partial
Differential Equations. Springer Nature, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00526-025-03193-1.
ieee: F. Quattrocchi, “Variational structures for the Fokker-Planck equation with
general Dirichlet boundary conditions,” Calculus of Variations and Partial
Differential Equations, vol. 65, no. 1. Springer Nature, 2026.
ista: Quattrocchi F. 2026. Variational structures for the Fokker-Planck equation
with general Dirichlet boundary conditions. Calculus of Variations and Partial
Differential Equations. 65(1), 23.
mla: Quattrocchi, Filippo. “Variational Structures for the Fokker-Planck Equation
with General Dirichlet Boundary Conditions.” Calculus of Variations and Partial
Differential Equations, vol. 65, no. 1, 23, Springer Nature, 2026, doi:10.1007/s00526-025-03193-1.
short: F. Quattrocchi, Calculus of Variations and Partial Differential Equations
65 (2026).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2025-12-29T12:06:26Z
date_published: 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-04-07T08:37:46Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '510'
department:
- _id: JaMa
doi: 10.1007/s00526-025-03193-1
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2403.07803'
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name: Taming Complexity in Partial Differential Systems
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publisher: Springer Nature
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title: Variational structures for the Fokker-Planck equation with general Dirichlet
boundary conditions
tmp:
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---
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abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Thus far, Lyman-α damping wings towards quasars have been used to probe the
global ionization state of the foreground intergalactic medium (IGM). A new parametrization
has demonstrated that the damping wing signature also carries local information
about the distribution of neutral hydrogen (H I) in front of the quasar before
it started shining. Leveraging a recently introduced Bayesian JAX-based Hamiltonian
Monte Carlo inference framework, we derive constraints on the Lorentzian-weighted
H I column density NDW H I , the quasar’s distance rpatch to the first neutral
patch, and its lifetime tQ based on James Webb Space\r\nTelescope (JWST) Near
Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) spectra of the two z ∼ 7.5 quasars J1007+2115
and J1342+0928. After folding in model-dependent topology information, we find
that J1007+2115 (and J1342+0928) is most likely to reside in a (xH1)= 0.32+0.22
−0.20 (0.58+0.23 −0.23) neutral IGM while shining for a remarkably short lifetime
of log10 tQ/yr = 4.14+0.74 −0.18 (an intermediate lifetime of 5.64+0.25 −0.43)
along a sightline with log10 NDW\r\nH I /cm−2 = 19.70+0.35 −0.86 (20.24+0.25 −0.22)
and rpatch = 28.9+54.0 −14.4 cMpc\r\n(10.9+5.6−5.9 cMpc). In light of the potential
presence of local absorbers in the foreground of J1342+0928 as has been recently
suggested, we also demonstrate how the Lorentzian-weighted column density NDW
H I provides a natural means for quantifying their contribution to the observed
damping wing signal."
acknowledgement: 'We acknowledge helpful conversations with the ENIGMA group at UC
Santa Barbara and Leiden University. This work is based on observations made with
the NASA/ESA/CSA JWST. The data were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space
Telescopes at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association
of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-03127
for JWST. These observations are associated with programmes #1219 and #1764. This
work made use of numpy (C. R. Harris et al. 2020), scipy (P. Virtanen et al. 2020),
jax (J. Bradbury et al. 2018), numpyro (E. Bingham et al. 2018; D. Phan, N. Pradhan
& M. Jankowiak 2019), sklearn (F. Pedregosa et al. 2011), astropy (Astropy Collaboration
2013, 2018, 2022), PypeIt (J. Prochaska et al. 2020), skycalc_ipy (K. Leschinski
2021), h5py (A. Collette 2013), matplotlib (J. D. Hunter 2007), corner.py (D. Foreman-Mackey
2016), and IPython (F. Pérez & B. E. Granger 2007). TK and JFH acknowledge support
from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020
research and innovation programme (grant agreement no. 885301). JFH acknowledges
support from NSF grant no. 2307180. SEIB was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
(DFG) under Emmy Noether grant number BO 5771/1-1. FW acknowledges support from
NSF award AST-2513040.'
article_number: staf2219
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Timo
full_name: Kist, Timo
last_name: Kist
- first_name: Joseph F.
full_name: Hennawi, Joseph F.
last_name: Hennawi
- first_name: Frederick B.
full_name: Davies, Frederick B.
last_name: Davies
- first_name: Eduardo
full_name: Bañados, Eduardo
last_name: Bañados
- first_name: Sarah E.I.
full_name: Bosman, Sarah E.I.
last_name: Bosman
- first_name: Zheng
full_name: Cai, Zheng
last_name: Cai
- first_name: Anna Christina
full_name: Eilers, Anna Christina
last_name: Eilers
- first_name: Xiaohui
full_name: Fan, Xiaohui
last_name: Fan
- first_name: Zoltán
full_name: Haiman, Zoltán
id: 7c006e8c-cc0d-11ee-8322-cb904ef76f36
last_name: Haiman
orcid: 0000-0003-3633-5403
- first_name: Hyunsung D.
full_name: Jun, Hyunsung D.
last_name: Jun
- first_name: Yichen
full_name: Liu, Yichen
last_name: Liu
- first_name: Jinyi
full_name: Yang, Jinyi
last_name: Yang
- first_name: Feige
full_name: Wang, Feige
last_name: Wang
citation:
ama: Kist T, Hennawi JF, Davies FB, et al. First constraints on the local ionization
topology in front of two quasars at z ∼ 7.5. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical
Society. 2026;545(3). doi:10.1093/mnras/staf2219
apa: Kist, T., Hennawi, J. F., Davies, F. B., Bañados, E., Bosman, S. E. I., Cai,
Z., … Wang, F. (2026). First constraints on the local ionization topology in front
of two quasars at z ∼ 7.5. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.
Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staf2219
chicago: Kist, Timo, Joseph F. Hennawi, Frederick B. Davies, Eduardo Bañados, Sarah
E.I. Bosman, Zheng Cai, Anna Christina Eilers, et al. “First Constraints on the
Local Ionization Topology in Front of Two Quasars at z ∼ 7.5.” Monthly Notices
of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University Press, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staf2219.
ieee: T. Kist et al., “First constraints on the local ionization topology
in front of two quasars at z ∼ 7.5,” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical
Society, vol. 545, no. 3. Oxford University Press, 2026.
ista: Kist T, Hennawi JF, Davies FB, Bañados E, Bosman SEI, Cai Z, Eilers AC, Fan
X, Haiman Z, Jun HD, Liu Y, Yang J, Wang F. 2026. First constraints on the local
ionization topology in front of two quasars at z ∼ 7.5. Monthly Notices of the
Royal Astronomical Society. 545(3), staf2219.
mla: Kist, Timo, et al. “First Constraints on the Local Ionization Topology in Front
of Two Quasars at z ∼ 7.5.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society,
vol. 545, no. 3, staf2219, Oxford University Press, 2026, doi:10.1093/mnras/staf2219.
short: T. Kist, J.F. Hennawi, F.B. Davies, E. Bañados, S.E.I. Bosman, Z. Cai, A.C.
Eilers, X. Fan, Z. Haiman, H.D. Jun, Y. Liu, J. Yang, F. Wang, Monthly Notices
of the Royal Astronomical Society 545 (2026).
date_created: 2026-01-11T23:01:34Z
date_published: 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-01-12T09:45:54Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '520'
department:
- _id: ZoHa
doi: 10.1093/mnras/staf2219
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2508.21818'
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publication: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
publication_identifier:
eissn:
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issn:
- 0035-8711
publication_status: published
publisher: Oxford University Press
quality_controlled: '1'
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title: First constraints on the local ionization topology in front of two quasars
at z ∼ 7.5
tmp:
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...
---
OA_place: publisher
_id: '20991'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Rapid local adaptation to new environments is critical for species persistence,
especially in introduced populations. The evolutionary success of these populations
is fundamentally dictated by the organization of genetic variation—the genomic
architecture—in the face of severe demographic constraints, such as the founder
effects and genetic bottlenecks that frequently accompany colonization. A central
question in evolutionary biology is whether rapid adaptation relies on major-effect
loci, such as chromosomal inversions, or on many small-effect loci dispersed across
the genome. Furthermore, the genomic architecture strongly influences the extent
to which evolutionary outcomes are predictable. Using introduced populations of
the marine snail, Littorina saxatilis, as a model, this thesis investigates how
genetic variation and genomic structure drive adaptation following introduction.
We employed a population genomics approach on experimentally and accidentally
introduced populations to dissect the specific genomic features that underpin
divergence in newly colonized environments.\r\n\r\nIn Chapter 2, we tested the
predictability of local adaptation through an uncommon 30-year transplant experiment
in nature. By distinguishing allele and chromosomal inversion frequency changes
from neutral expectations, we found that evolutionary change was highly predictable
at the macro-scale (phenotypes and chromosomal inversions), but less robust at
the level of individual collinear loci. This result demonstrates that evolution
can be predictable when a population possesses sufficient standing genetic variation
(SGV), with chromosomal inversions acting as key integrated units that facilitate
a rapid response to selection. Building on this, Chapter 3 applied whole-genome
sequencing to three accidentally introduced populations (Venice, San Francisco,
and Redwood City) to investigate their likely source and genomic patterns of divergence.
We identified genomic regions of remarkable divergence potentially associated
with local adaptation, and likely fuelled by SGV, while explicitly acknowledging
the difficulty in disentangling selection signals from the genome-wide effects
of demographic processes. Furthermore, we found that the divergence patterns relied
extensively on the collinear genome in these introduced populations, and less
clearly on the chromosomal inversions. This observation contrasts with local adaptation
observed in the experimental system that relied on both collinear loci and highly
selected chromosomal inversions, highlighting how demographic history and genomic
architecture influence the detectable signature of local adaptation.\r\n\r\nA
major limitation to conducting large-scale comparative evolutionary studies is
the lack of data standardization, which prevents the integration of community
knowledge and high-resolution environmental and genetic data. Chapter 4 addresses
this by developing a community database for the Littorina system. This platform
implements standardized protocols for the integration of diverse phenotypic and
environmental data from multiple Littorina species. Likewise, the platform also
centralizes the availability of associated genomic data through links to external
repositories. This database represents a crucial tool to test complex, large-scale
evolutionary hypotheses.\r\n\r\nCollectively, this thesis strongly reinforces
the fundamental importance of SGV as the raw material for successful local adaptation,
a conclusion supported by evidence in both experimental and accidental introductions.
Furthermore, this work highlights the critical role of the genomic architecture—specifically
chromosomal inversions—in driving the predictability and effectiveness of adaptive
responses. Our findings underscore how the interplay between SGV and genomic architecture
dictates the trajectory and detectability of evolution in colonizing populations,
while simultaneously providing a necessary tool to advance comparative evolutionary
genomics in emerging model organisms."
acknowledgement: "I acknowledge the funding agencies 1Norwegian Research Council RCN
project 315287.\r\n2The FIASCO project \"Illuminating range shifts through evolutionary
FIASCO: contrasting\r\nFaIling And Successful ColOnizations in replicated wild populations\",
funded by the\r\nEuropean Union - Next Generation EU (Piano Nazionale di Ripresa
e Resilienza - MUR\r\ncode: P202229JBC, CUP: C53D23007100001). 3Ecotypic formation
in Littorina saxatilis\r\nin the Western Atlantic and comparisons across the North
Atlantic. University of\r\nGothenburg Research Travel Grant, Tjarno Marine Laboratory,
Sweden. $3023 (2018).\r\n4JIN project (Young Researchers, Spanish Ministry of Science,
RTI2018-101274-J-I00)"
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Diego Fernando
full_name: Garcia Castillo, Diego Fernando
id: ae681a14-dc74-11ea-a0a7-c6ef18161701
last_name: Garcia Castillo
citation:
ama: Garcia Castillo DF. The genomic architecture of local adaptation in introduced
populations. 2026. doi:10.15479/AT-ISTA-20991
apa: Garcia Castillo, D. F. (2026). The genomic architecture of local adaptation
in introduced populations. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-20991
chicago: Garcia Castillo, Diego Fernando. “The Genomic Architecture of Local Adaptation
in Introduced Populations.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026.
https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-20991.
ieee: D. F. Garcia Castillo, “The genomic architecture of local adaptation in introduced
populations,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026.
ista: Garcia Castillo DF. 2026. The genomic architecture of local adaptation in
introduced populations. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Garcia Castillo, Diego Fernando. The Genomic Architecture of Local Adaptation
in Introduced Populations. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026,
doi:10.15479/AT-ISTA-20991.
short: D.F. Garcia Castillo, The Genomic Architecture of Local Adaptation in Introduced
Populations, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026.
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2026-01-16T09:47:59Z
date_published: 2026-01-16T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-04-16T12:20:37Z
day: '16'
ddc:
- '576'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: NiBa
doi: 10.15479/AT-ISTA-20991
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date_created: 2026-01-16T13:08:14Z
date_updated: 2026-01-16T13:08:14Z
description: Source code of the PostgreSQL database, front-end and back-end of the
LittorinaDB web application developed as a product of the 4th chapter of the thesis.
file_id: '20998'
file_name: 2026_DiegoGarcia_LittorinaDB Source Code and Protocols.rar
file_size: 54491433
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date_created: 2026-01-16T13:08:59Z
date_updated: 2026-01-16T13:08:59Z
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language:
- iso: eng
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
month: '01'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '199'
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- 978-3-99078-077-0
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '18498'
relation: research_data
status: public
- id: '18491'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Nicholas H
full_name: Barton, Nicholas H
id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Barton
orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240
- first_name: Anja M
full_name: Westram, Anja M
id: 3C147470-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Westram
orcid: 0000-0003-1050-4969
title: The genomic architecture of local adaptation in introduced populations
tmp:
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BY-NC-SA 4.0)
short: CC BY-NC-SA (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd
year: '2026'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: hybrid
PlanS_conform: '1'
_id: '21008'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: C(sp2)–heteroatom couplings operating via NiI/NiIII catalysis have emerged
as an alternative to canonical Pd0/PdII systems that require complex ligand architectures.
Despite intensive research efforts during the past decade, catalytic methods employing
this approach are still mostly confined to activated starting materials and require
high catalyst loadings due to the low catalytic activity of NiI and undesired
catalyst deactivation events. This article highlights recent advances in the field
toward solving these long-standing challenges. We survey strategies that streamline
the generation of catalytically competent NiI species from bench-stable NiII precatalysts,
and discuss mechanistic studies that shed light on deactivation pathways and the
rate-determining oxidative addition of aryl halides. In the final section, we
highlight recently developed synthetic methodologies, which provide evidence that
limitations can indeed be addressed by working at elevated temperatures, employing
alternative electrophiles, harnessing the benefits of additives, or fine-tuning
the metal’s reactivity through the ligand field.
acknowledgement: We gratefully acknowledge the Institute of Science and Technology
Austria for generous financial support. B.P. acknowledges the Austrian Science Fund
(PAT 1250924) for funding.
article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal)
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Aleksander
full_name: Bena, Aleksander
id: 4197c39e-e8ec-11ed-86cb-afed934cd664
last_name: Bena
- first_name: Bartholomäus
full_name: Pieber, Bartholomäus
id: 93e5e5b2-0da6-11ed-8a41-af589a024726
last_name: Pieber
orcid: 0000-0001-8689-388X
citation:
ama: Bena A, Pieber B. Advances in NiI/NiIII-catalyzed C(sp2)–heteroatom cross-couplings.
ACS Catalysis. 2026;16(2):866-881. doi:10.1021/acscatal.5c07964
apa: Bena, A., & Pieber, B. (2026). Advances in NiI/NiIII-catalyzed C(sp2)–heteroatom
cross-couplings. ACS Catalysis. American Chemical Society. https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.5c07964
chicago: Bena, Aleksander, and Bartholomäus Pieber. “Advances in NiI/NiIII-Catalyzed
C(Sp2)–Heteroatom Cross-Couplings.” ACS Catalysis. American Chemical Society,
2026. https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.5c07964.
ieee: A. Bena and B. Pieber, “Advances in NiI/NiIII-catalyzed C(sp2)–heteroatom
cross-couplings,” ACS Catalysis, vol. 16, no. 2. American Chemical Society,
pp. 866–881, 2026.
ista: Bena A, Pieber B. 2026. Advances in NiI/NiIII-catalyzed C(sp2)–heteroatom
cross-couplings. ACS Catalysis. 16(2), 866–881.
mla: Bena, Aleksander, and Bartholomäus Pieber. “Advances in NiI/NiIII-Catalyzed
C(Sp2)–Heteroatom Cross-Couplings.” ACS Catalysis, vol. 16, no. 2, American
Chemical Society, 2026, pp. 866–81, doi:10.1021/acscatal.5c07964.
short: A. Bena, B. Pieber, ACS Catalysis 16 (2026) 866–881.
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2026-01-20T10:04:57Z
date_published: 2026-01-16T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-01-21T09:15:16Z
day: '16'
ddc:
- '540'
department:
- _id: BaPi
- _id: GradSch
doi: 10.1021/acscatal.5c07964
file:
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checksum: 05743d6d7b4bae37aad1a91471123032
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file_name: 2026_ACSCatalysis_Bena.pdf
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intvolume: ' 16'
issue: '2'
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- iso: eng
month: '01'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 866-881
project:
- _id: 8f1d607d-16d5-11f0-9cad-ab453295ba5e
grant_number: PAT 1250924
name: Photoactive ligands for transformative nickel catalysis
publication: ACS Catalysis
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2155-5435
publication_status: published
publisher: American Chemical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Advances in NiI/NiIII-catalyzed C(sp2)–heteroatom cross-couplings
tmp:
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user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 16
year: '2026'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: hybrid
PlanS_conform: '1'
_id: '21012'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: In certifiable machine learning, AI systems produce not only results but also
verifiable certificates that the results can be trusted.
acknowledgement: T.A.H. thanks Đorde Žikelic for many stimulating discussions about
CML. This work was supported in part by NSFCPS Frontier Grant 1545126, by a BAIR
Commons project, by the Berkeley iCy-Phy Center, by the Stanford Center for Automated
Reasoning, and by the ERC Advanced Grant 101020093.
article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal)
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Clark
full_name: Barrett, Clark
last_name: Barrett
- first_name: Thomas A
full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A
id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Henzinger
orcid: 0000-0002-2985-7724
- first_name: Sanjit A.
full_name: Seshia, Sanjit A.
last_name: Seshia
citation:
ama: 'Barrett C, Henzinger TA, Seshia SA. Certificates in AI: Learn but verify.
Communications of the ACM. 2026;69(1):66-75. doi:10.1145/3737447'
apa: 'Barrett, C., Henzinger, T. A., & Seshia, S. A. (2026). Certificates in
AI: Learn but verify. Communications of the ACM. Association for Computing
Machinery. https://doi.org/10.1145/3737447'
chicago: 'Barrett, Clark, Thomas A Henzinger, and Sanjit A. Seshia. “Certificates
in AI: Learn but Verify.” Communications of the ACM. Association for Computing
Machinery, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1145/3737447.'
ieee: 'C. Barrett, T. A. Henzinger, and S. A. Seshia, “Certificates in AI: Learn
but verify,” Communications of the ACM, vol. 69, no. 1. Association for
Computing Machinery, pp. 66–75, 2026.'
ista: 'Barrett C, Henzinger TA, Seshia SA. 2026. Certificates in AI: Learn but verify.
Communications of the ACM. 69(1), 66–75.'
mla: 'Barrett, Clark, et al. “Certificates in AI: Learn but Verify.” Communications
of the ACM, vol. 69, no. 1, Association for Computing Machinery, 2026, pp.
66–75, doi:10.1145/3737447.'
short: C. Barrett, T.A. Henzinger, S.A. Seshia, Communications of the ACM 69 (2026)
66–75.
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2026-01-20T10:08:21Z
date_published: 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-01-21T08:55:24Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: ToHe
doi: 10.1145/3737447
ec_funded: 1
file:
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checksum: d909a9091c254b2d18ba014124663f69
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2026-01-21T08:52:07Z
date_updated: 2026-01-21T08:52:07Z
file_id: '21028'
file_name: 2026_CommACM_Barrett.pdf
file_size: 2623108
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2026-01-21T08:52:07Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 69'
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '01'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 66-75
project:
- _id: 62781420-2b32-11ec-9570-8d9b63373d4d
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '101020093'
name: Vigilant Algorithmic Monitoring of Software
publication: Communications of the ACM
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1557-7317
issn:
- 0001-0782
publication_status: published
publisher: Association for Computing Machinery
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Certificates in AI: Learn but verify'
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 69
year: '2026'
...
---
DOAJ_listed: '1'
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
PlanS_conform: '1'
_id: '21013'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: We have addressed convective self‐aggregation (CSA) in steady and oscillating
sea surface temperature (SST) and solar radiation (SOLIN) cloud‐resolving model
simulations in a non‐rotating radiative‐convective equilibrium (RCE) framework.
Our experiment designs are motivated by land‐ocean heterogeneity of atmospheric
convection. The steady and oscillating forcings are idealizations of ocean and
land conditions, respectively, based on their differences in heat capacities.
In both kinds of simulations, the diurnal mean SST and SOLIN are the same, and
both SST and SOLIN are only varied in time (i.e., they are spatially homogeneous
at any given time). We find that diurnally oscillating forcing accelerates CSA.
Stronger long‐wave cooling in dry regions at night and during the warm SST phase
(late afternoon) both allow the long‐wave feedback, known to favor aggregation,
to intensify compared to steady forcing simulations. In addition to the long‐wave,
reduced short‐wave warming in dry regions (during the day) further enhances radiative
cooling there compared to moist regions. Overall, the radiative cooling is enhanced
in dry regions compared to neighboring moist convective regions. A dry subsidence
is driven by this net radiative (short‐wave plus long‐wave) cooling, consistent
with earlier work on CSA. Stronger radiative cooling allows stronger subsidence
which allows low‐level circulation to more efficiently transport moisture and
energy up‐gradient, driving convection to aggregate faster. We also note a sensitivity
of our experimental setup to initial conditions, more so at warmer SST. This stochastic
behavior might be critical in reconciling the differences of opinion regarding
the response of convection aggregation to oscillating SST forcing.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: ScienComp
acknowledgement: The authors gratefully acknowledge funding from the European Research
Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program
(Project CLUSTER, Grant Agreement No. 805041). This research was supported by the
Scientific Service Units (SSU) of ISTA through resources provided by Scientific
Computing (SciComp). We are grateful to three anonymous reviewer(s) for their insightful
suggestions that have improved the quality of our manuscript. Open Access funding
provided by Institute of Science and Technology Austria/KEMÖ.
article_number: e2024MS004576
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: BIDYUT B
full_name: GOSWAMI, BIDYUT B
id: 3a4ac09c-6d61-11ec-bf66-884cde66b64b
last_name: GOSWAMI
orcid: 0000-0001-8602-3083
- first_name: Ziyin
full_name: Lu, Ziyin
id: a6e549c6-8972-11ed-ae7b-a336d97ac043
last_name: Lu
orcid: 0009-0008-5320-7730
- first_name: Caroline J
full_name: Muller, Caroline J
id: f978ccb0-3f7f-11eb-b193-b0e2bd13182b
last_name: Muller
orcid: 0000-0001-5836-5350
citation:
ama: GOSWAMI BB, Lu Z, Muller CJ. Convective self‐aggregation in diurnally oscillating
sea surface temperature and solar forcing experiments. Journal of Advances
in Modeling Earth Systems. 2026;18(1). doi:10.1029/2024ms004576
apa: GOSWAMI, B. B., Lu, Z., & Muller, C. J. (2026). Convective self‐aggregation
in diurnally oscillating sea surface temperature and solar forcing experiments.
Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1029/2024ms004576
chicago: GOSWAMI, BIDYUT B, Ziyin Lu, and Caroline J Muller. “Convective Self‐aggregation
in Diurnally Oscillating Sea Surface Temperature and Solar Forcing Experiments.”
Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems. Wiley, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1029/2024ms004576.
ieee: B. B. GOSWAMI, Z. Lu, and C. J. Muller, “Convective self‐aggregation in diurnally
oscillating sea surface temperature and solar forcing experiments,” Journal
of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, vol. 18, no. 1. Wiley, 2026.
ista: GOSWAMI BB, Lu Z, Muller CJ. 2026. Convective self‐aggregation in diurnally
oscillating sea surface temperature and solar forcing experiments. Journal of
Advances in Modeling Earth Systems. 18(1), e2024MS004576.
mla: GOSWAMI, BIDYUT B., et al. “Convective Self‐aggregation in Diurnally Oscillating
Sea Surface Temperature and Solar Forcing Experiments.” Journal of Advances
in Modeling Earth Systems, vol. 18, no. 1, e2024MS004576, Wiley, 2026, doi:10.1029/2024ms004576.
short: B.B. GOSWAMI, Z. Lu, C.J. Muller, Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems
18 (2026).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2026-01-20T10:08:54Z
date_published: 2026-01-12T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-01-21T08:41:19Z
day: '12'
ddc:
- '550'
department:
- _id: CaMu
- _id: BjHo
- _id: GradSch
doi: 10.1029/2024ms004576
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 6ea369e3b46bea58efab4f38b6c671a7
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2026-01-21T08:39:01Z
date_updated: 2026-01-21T08:39:01Z
file_id: '21027'
file_name: 2026_JAMES_Goswami.pdf
file_size: 19509786
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2026-01-21T08:39:01Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 18'
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
month: '01'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: 629205d8-2b32-11ec-9570-e1356ff73576
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '805041'
name: Organization of CLoUdS, and implications of Tropical cyclones and for the
Energetics of the tropics, in current and waRming climate
publication: Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1942-2466
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Convective self‐aggregation in diurnally oscillating sea surface temperature
and solar forcing experiments
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by_nc_nd.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
(CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
short: CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 18
year: '2026'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: hybrid
PlanS_conform: '1'
_id: '21015'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Early embryo geometry is one of the most invariant species-specific traits,
yet its role in ensuring developmental reproducibility and robustness remains
underexplored. Here we show that in zebrafish, the geometry of the fertilized
egg—specifically its curvature and volume—serves as a critical initial condition
triggering a cascade of events that influence development. The embryo geometry
guides patterned asymmetric cell divisions in the blastoderm, generating radial
gradients of cell volume and nucleocytoplasmic ratio. These gradients generate
mitotic phase waves, with the nucleocytoplasmic ratio determining individual cell
cycle periods independently of other cells. We demonstrate that reducing cell
autonomy reshapes these waves, emphasizing the instructive role of geometry-derived
volume patterns in setting the intrinsic period of the cell cycle oscillator.
In addition to organizing cell cycles, early embryo geometry spatially patterns
zygotic genome activation at the midblastula transition, a key step in establishing
embryonic autonomy. Disrupting the embryo shape alters the zygotic genome activation
pattern and causes ectopic germ layer specification, underscoring the developmental
significance of geometry. Together, our findings reveal a symmetry-breaking function
of early embryo geometry in coordinating cell cycle and transcriptional patterning.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: PreCl
- _id: Bio
- _id: ScienComp
- _id: LifeSc
acknowledgement: We thank N. Petridou (EMBL) for sharing results before publication.
N.M. was supported by funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 programme under
the Marie Skłodowska-Curie COFUND Actions ISTplus grant agreement number 754411.
Y.I.L. acknowledges funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and
innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement number 101034413.
The research was supported by funding to C.-P.H. from the NOMIS Foundation, Project
ID 1.844. We would like to thank past and present members of the Heisenberg and
Hannezo groups for discussions, particularly S. Shamipour, V. Doddihal, M. Jovic,
N. Hino, F. N. Arslan, R. Kobylinska and C. Camelo for feedback on the draft manuscript.
This research was supported by the Scientific Service Units (SSU) of Institute of
Science and Technology Austria through resources provided by the Aquatics Facility,
Imaging & Optics Facility (IOF), Scientific Computing (SciComp) facility and Lab
Support Facility (LSF). Open access funding provided by Institute of Science and
Technology (IST Austria).
article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal)
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Nikhil
full_name: Mishra, Nikhil
id: C4D70E82-1081-11EA-B3ED-9A4C3DDC885E
last_name: Mishra
orcid: 0000-0002-6425-5788
- first_name: Yuting I
full_name: Li, Yuting I
id: ee7a5ca8-8b71-11ed-b662-b3341c05b7eb
last_name: Li
- first_name: Edouard B
full_name: Hannezo, Edouard B
id: 3A9DB764-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Hannezo
orcid: 0000-0001-6005-1561
- first_name: Carl-Philipp J
full_name: Heisenberg, Carl-Philipp J
id: 39427864-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Heisenberg
orcid: 0000-0002-0912-4566
citation:
ama: Mishra N, Li YI, Hannezo EB, Heisenberg C-PJ. Geometry-driven asymmetric cell
divisions pattern cell cycles and zygotic genome activation in the zebrafish embryo.
Nature Physics. 2026;22:139-150. doi:10.1038/s41567-025-03122-1
apa: Mishra, N., Li, Y. I., Hannezo, E. B., & Heisenberg, C.-P. J. (2026). Geometry-driven
asymmetric cell divisions pattern cell cycles and zygotic genome activation in
the zebrafish embryo. Nature Physics. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-025-03122-1
chicago: Mishra, Nikhil, Yuting I Li, Edouard B Hannezo, and Carl-Philipp J Heisenberg.
“Geometry-Driven Asymmetric Cell Divisions Pattern Cell Cycles and Zygotic Genome
Activation in the Zebrafish Embryo.” Nature Physics. Springer Nature, 2026.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-025-03122-1.
ieee: N. Mishra, Y. I. Li, E. B. Hannezo, and C.-P. J. Heisenberg, “Geometry-driven
asymmetric cell divisions pattern cell cycles and zygotic genome activation in
the zebrafish embryo,” Nature Physics, vol. 22. Springer Nature, pp. 139–150,
2026.
ista: Mishra N, Li YI, Hannezo EB, Heisenberg C-PJ. 2026. Geometry-driven asymmetric
cell divisions pattern cell cycles and zygotic genome activation in the zebrafish
embryo. Nature Physics. 22, 139–150.
mla: Mishra, Nikhil, et al. “Geometry-Driven Asymmetric Cell Divisions Pattern Cell
Cycles and Zygotic Genome Activation in the Zebrafish Embryo.” Nature Physics,
vol. 22, Springer Nature, 2026, pp. 139–50, doi:10.1038/s41567-025-03122-1.
short: N. Mishra, Y.I. Li, E.B. Hannezo, C.-P.J. Heisenberg, Nature Physics 22 (2026)
139–150.
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2026-01-20T10:12:19Z
date_published: 2026-01-05T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-04-28T12:55:30Z
day: '05'
ddc:
- '570'
department:
- _id: EdHa
- _id: CaHe
doi: 10.1038/s41567-025-03122-1
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
oaworkid:
- W7118187193
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 0ab7ac2fbcb61a364dba57152db64ed7
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2026-01-21T08:21:11Z
date_updated: 2026-01-21T08:21:11Z
file_id: '21026'
file_name: 2026_NaturePhysics_Mishra.pdf
file_size: 7335694
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2026-01-21T08:21:11Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 22'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '01'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
oaworkid: 1
page: 139-150
project:
- _id: 260C2330-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '754411'
name: ISTplus - Postdoctoral Fellowships
- _id: fc2ed2f7-9c52-11eb-aca3-c01059dda49c
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '101034413'
name: 'IST-BRIDGE: International postdoctoral program'
- _id: 917c023a-16d5-11f0-9cad-eb5cafc52090
name: Cytoplasmic self-organization into cell-like compartments as a common guiding
principle in early animal development
publication: Nature Physics
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1745-2481
issn:
- 1745-2473
issnl:
- ' 1745-2473'
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
link:
- description: News on ISTA website
relation: research_data
url: https://ista.ac.at/en/news/geometry-shapes-life/
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Geometry-driven asymmetric cell divisions pattern cell cycles and zygotic genome
activation in the zebrafish embryo
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd
volume: 22
year: '2026'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: hybrid
PlanS_conform: '1'
_id: '21018'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: In this paper, we review recent results on stability and instability in logarithmic
Sobolev inequalities, with a particular emphasis on strong norms. We consider
several versions of these inequalities on the Euclidean space, for the Lebesgue
and the Gaussian measures, and discuss their differences in terms of moments and
stability. We give new and direct proofs, as well as examples and discuss the
stability of a logarithmic uncertainty principle. Although we do not cover all
aspects of the topic, we hope to contribute to establishing the state of the art.
acknowledgement: This work has been supported by the Project Conviviality (ANR-23-CE40–0003)
of the French National Research Agency. G.B. has received funding from the European
Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie
grant agreement No 101034413. The authors thank a referee for a careful reading
and suggestions which result in a significant improvement of the manuscript. Open
access funding provided by Institute of Science and Technology (IST Austria). The
work of GB has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research
and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 101034413.
This work has been supported by the Project Conviviality (ANR-23-CE40–0003) of the
French National Research Agency.
article_number: '5'
article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal)
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Giovanni
full_name: Brigati, Giovanni
id: 63ff57e8-1fbb-11ee-88f2-f558ffc59cf1
last_name: Brigati
- first_name: Jean
full_name: Dolbeault, Jean
last_name: Dolbeault
- first_name: Nikita
full_name: Simonov, Nikita
last_name: Simonov
citation:
ama: 'Brigati G, Dolbeault J, Simonov N. Logarithmic Sobolev Inequalities: A review
on stability and instability results. La Matematica. 2026;5. doi:10.1007/s44007-025-00180-y'
apa: 'Brigati, G., Dolbeault, J., & Simonov, N. (2026). Logarithmic Sobolev
Inequalities: A review on stability and instability results. La Matematica.
Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44007-025-00180-y'
chicago: 'Brigati, Giovanni, Jean Dolbeault, and Nikita Simonov. “Logarithmic Sobolev
Inequalities: A Review on Stability and Instability Results.” La Matematica.
Springer Nature, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44007-025-00180-y.'
ieee: 'G. Brigati, J. Dolbeault, and N. Simonov, “Logarithmic Sobolev Inequalities:
A review on stability and instability results,” La Matematica, vol. 5.
Springer Nature, 2026.'
ista: 'Brigati G, Dolbeault J, Simonov N. 2026. Logarithmic Sobolev Inequalities:
A review on stability and instability results. La Matematica. 5, 5.'
mla: 'Brigati, Giovanni, et al. “Logarithmic Sobolev Inequalities: A Review on Stability
and Instability Results.” La Matematica, vol. 5, 5, Springer Nature, 2026,
doi:10.1007/s44007-025-00180-y.'
short: G. Brigati, J. Dolbeault, N. Simonov, La Matematica 5 (2026).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2026-01-20T10:14:55Z
date_published: 2026-01-08T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-01-21T07:48:28Z
day: '08'
ddc:
- '510'
department:
- _id: JaMa
doi: 10.1007/s44007-025-00180-y
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2504.08658'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 0702d8397f216555b1d5286e5d77f09c
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2026-01-21T07:45:03Z
date_updated: 2026-01-21T07:45:03Z
file_id: '21025'
file_name: 2026_LaMatematica_Brigati.pdf
file_size: 4992025
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2026-01-21T07:45:03Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 5'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '01'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: fc2ed2f7-9c52-11eb-aca3-c01059dda49c
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '101034413'
name: 'IST-BRIDGE: International postdoctoral program'
publication: La Matematica
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2730-9657
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Logarithmic Sobolev Inequalities: A review on stability and instability results'
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 5
year: '2026'
...
---
DOAJ_listed: '1'
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
_id: '21035'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: According to the scientific consensus, tropical convection must decrease with
global warming. This decrease is manifested by a decrease of the mass transported
in the upward branch of the atmospheric overturning circulation – the convective
mass flux – and a connected decrease of high clouds in the tropics, with implications
for climate sensitivity. By using kilometer-scale simulations in radiative-convective
equilibrium and a convective tracking algorithm, we show that no such decrease
occurs in storms when taken individually and that the mass transport per storm
increases instead. Storms can achieve this result by aggregating more surface
of the convective cores – the inner part of the storm doing the vertical transport
– so that the decrease of tropical convection is actually explained by a decrease
in the total number of storms. There is little variation of the mean pressure
velocity in the cores of the storms, a robust finding of this study. This remarkable
invariance of the mean pressure velocity points to an emerging property of convection
that should receive more attention in future studies.
acknowledgement: We thank Sophie Cloché for her support with the handling of the various
datasets. This study benefited from the IPSL mesocenter ESPRI facility which is
supported by CNRS, UPMC, Labex L-IPSL, CNES and Ecole Polytechnique. The authors
acknowledge the CNES and CNRS support under the Megha-Tropiques program. C.M. gratefully
acknowledges funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European
Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (Project CLUSTER, Grant Agreement
No. 805041).
article_number: '14'
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Maximilien
full_name: Bolot, Maximilien
last_name: Bolot
- first_name: Rémy
full_name: Roca, Rémy
last_name: Roca
- first_name: Thomas
full_name: Fiolleau, Thomas
last_name: Fiolleau
- first_name: Caroline J
full_name: Muller, Caroline J
id: f978ccb0-3f7f-11eb-b193-b0e2bd13182b
last_name: Muller
orcid: 0000-0001-5836-5350
citation:
ama: Bolot M, Roca R, Fiolleau T, Muller CJ. No decrease of tropical convection
in individual deep convective systems with global warming. npj Climate and
Atmospheric Science. 2026;9. doi:10.1038/s41612-025-01285-5
apa: Bolot, M., Roca, R., Fiolleau, T., & Muller, C. J. (2026). No decrease
of tropical convection in individual deep convective systems with global warming.
Npj Climate and Atmospheric Science. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-01285-5
chicago: Bolot, Maximilien, Rémy Roca, Thomas Fiolleau, and Caroline J Muller. “No
Decrease of Tropical Convection in Individual Deep Convective Systems with Global
Warming.” Npj Climate and Atmospheric Science. Springer Nature, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-01285-5.
ieee: M. Bolot, R. Roca, T. Fiolleau, and C. J. Muller, “No decrease of tropical
convection in individual deep convective systems with global warming,” npj
Climate and Atmospheric Science, vol. 9. Springer Nature, 2026.
ista: Bolot M, Roca R, Fiolleau T, Muller CJ. 2026. No decrease of tropical convection
in individual deep convective systems with global warming. npj Climate and Atmospheric
Science. 9, 14.
mla: Bolot, Maximilien, et al. “No Decrease of Tropical Convection in Individual
Deep Convective Systems with Global Warming.” Npj Climate and Atmospheric Science,
vol. 9, 14, Springer Nature, 2026, doi:10.1038/s41612-025-01285-5.
short: M. Bolot, R. Roca, T. Fiolleau, C.J. Muller, Npj Climate and Atmospheric
Science 9 (2026).
date_created: 2026-01-25T23:01:38Z
date_published: 2026-01-15T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-02-12T08:41:09Z
day: '15'
ddc:
- '550'
department:
- _id: CaMu
doi: 10.1038/s41612-025-01285-5
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
pmid:
- '41550270'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: c433bba3822b3c6c4a5260ad5e2429a0
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2026-02-12T08:39:27Z
date_updated: 2026-02-12T08:39:27Z
file_id: '21215'
file_name: 2026_njpClimateAtmScience_Bolot.pdf
file_size: 511226
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2026-02-12T08:39:27Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 9'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '01'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 629205d8-2b32-11ec-9570-e1356ff73576
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '805041'
name: Organization of CLoUdS, and implications of Tropical cyclones and for the
Energetics of the tropics, in current and waRming climate
publication: npj Climate and Atmospheric Science
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2397-3722
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: No decrease of tropical convection in individual deep convective systems with
global warming
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by_nc_nd.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
(CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
short: CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 9
year: '2026'
...
---
DOAJ_listed: '1'
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
PlanS_conform: '1'
_id: '21038'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Little Red Dots (LRDs) are compact sources at z > 5 discovered through James
Webb Space Telescope spectroscopy. Their spectra exhibit broad Balmer emission
lines (>~1000 km s^−1), alongside absorption features and a pronounced Balmer
break – evidence for a dense, neutral hydrogen medium, in which the n = 2 state
is significantly populated. When interpreted as arising\r\nfrom active galactic
nucleus broad-line regions, inferred black hole masses from local scaling relations
exceed expectations given their stellar masses, challenging models of early black
hole–galaxy co-evolution. However, radiative transfer effects in dense media may
also impact the formation of hydrogen emission lines. We model three scattering
processes shaping hydrogen\r\nline profiles: resonance scattering by hydrogen
in the n = 2 state, Raman scattering of ultraviolet (UV) radiation by ground-state
hydrogen, and Thomson scattering by free electrons. Using 3D Monte Carlo radiative
transfer simulations, we examine their imprint on line shapes and ratios. Resonance
scattering produces strong deviations from Case B flux ratios, clear differences\r\nbetween
Hα and Hβ, and encodes gas kinematics in line profiles but cannot broaden Hβ due
to conversion to Paα. While Raman scattering can yield broad wings, scattering
of the UV continuum is disfavoured given the absence of strong full width at half-maximum
variations across transitions. Raman scattering of higher Lyman-series emission
can produce Hα/Hβ wing\r\nwidth ratios of >~1.28, agreeing with observations.
Thomson scattering can reproduce the observed >~ 1000 km s^−1 wings under plausible
conditions – e.g. Te ∼ 10^4 K and Ne ∼ 10^24 cm^−2 – and lead to black hole mass
overestimates by factors 10. Our results provide a framework for interpreting
hydrogen lines in LRDs and similar systems."
acknowledgement: "The authorsthank the anonymousreferee for constructive comments,
which improved the clarity of this paper. SJC acknowledges support from the ERC
synergy grant 101166930 – RECAP. MG thanks the Max Planck Society for support through
the Max Planck Research Group, and the European Union forsupport through ERC-2024-STG
101165038 (ReMMU). JM acknowledges funding by the European Union (ERC, AGENTS, 101076224).
CAM acknowledges support\r\nby the European Union ERC grant RISES (101163035), Carlsberg
Foundation (CF22-1322), and VILLUM FONDEN (37459). Computations were performed on
HPC systems Freya and Orion at the Max Planck Computing and Data Facility."
article_number: staf2131
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Seok Jun
full_name: Chang, Seok Jun
last_name: Chang
- first_name: Max
full_name: Gronke, Max
last_name: Gronke
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: Charlotte
full_name: Mason, Charlotte
last_name: Mason
citation:
ama: Chang SJ, Gronke M, Matthee JJ, Mason C. Impact of resonance, Raman, and Thomson
scattering on hydrogen line formation in Little Red Dots. Monthly Notices of
the Royal Astronomical Society. 2026;545(4). doi:10.1093/mnras/staf2131
apa: Chang, S. J., Gronke, M., Matthee, J. J., & Mason, C. (2026). Impact of
resonance, Raman, and Thomson scattering on hydrogen line formation in Little
Red Dots. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University
Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staf2131
chicago: Chang, Seok Jun, Max Gronke, Jorryt J Matthee, and Charlotte Mason. “Impact
of Resonance, Raman, and Thomson Scattering on Hydrogen Line Formation in Little
Red Dots.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University
Press, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staf2131.
ieee: S. J. Chang, M. Gronke, J. J. Matthee, and C. Mason, “Impact of resonance,
Raman, and Thomson scattering on hydrogen line formation in Little Red Dots,”
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 545, no. 4. Oxford
University Press, 2026.
ista: Chang SJ, Gronke M, Matthee JJ, Mason C. 2026. Impact of resonance, Raman,
and Thomson scattering on hydrogen line formation in Little Red Dots. Monthly
Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 545(4), staf2131.
mla: Chang, Seok Jun, et al. “Impact of Resonance, Raman, and Thomson Scattering
on Hydrogen Line Formation in Little Red Dots.” Monthly Notices of the Royal
Astronomical Society, vol. 545, no. 4, staf2131, Oxford University Press,
2026, doi:10.1093/mnras/staf2131.
short: S.J. Chang, M. Gronke, J.J. Matthee, C. Mason, Monthly Notices of the Royal
Astronomical Society 545 (2026).
date_created: 2026-01-25T23:01:39Z
date_published: 2026-02-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-02-12T12:56:33Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '520'
department:
- _id: JoMa
doi: 10.1093/mnras/staf2131
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2508.08768'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 52ba7d7b5b80af0c50f57e4c2acc3930
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2026-02-12T12:44:33Z
date_updated: 2026-02-12T12:44:33Z
file_id: '21220'
file_name: 2026_MonthNoticesRAS_Chang.pdf
file_size: 5600366
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2026-02-12T12:44:33Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 545'
issue: '4'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '02'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: bd9b2118-d553-11ed-ba76-db24564edfea
grant_number: '101076224'
name: Young galaxies as tracers and agents of cosmic reionization
publication: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1365-2966
issn:
- 0035-8711
publication_status: published
publisher: Oxford University Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Impact of resonance, Raman, and Thomson scattering on hydrogen line formation
in Little Red Dots
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 545
year: '2026'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: hybrid
PlanS_conform: '1'
_id: '21040'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Formation during the first cycles of Li-rich layered oxide (LRLO) cathode
materials consolidates the interphase and leads to structural changes that are
decisive for long-term cyclability. However, the nature and effect of the changes
are material-dependent and unknown for the important class of Co-free, Ni-poor
LRLOs. Here, we analyze the processes during the tailored formation procedure
of a typical class member, Li1.28Ni0.15Mn0.57O2, and demonstrate that it remarkably
changes lattice composition and structure as a prerequisite for stable cycling.
We combine electrochemistry, operando mass spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, and
X-ray absorption spectroscopy with density functional theory simulations. Activation
most prominently compresses the layer spacing along the c-axis and increases reversible
structural breathing. The large capacity of ∼250 mAh g–1 originates from the Ni2+/Ni4+
and O2–/O– redox couples. Electron exchange during O-redox is smeared over the
entire anionic sublattice rather than localized on specific oxygen atomic sites.
This redox mechanism is reversible without detrimental oxygen evolution, avoiding
continued degradation common in conventional LRLOs. Sequential Ni- and O-redox
during activation irreversibly distorts the coordination of the redox-inactive
Mn4+ centers. This structural evolution of the MnO6 octahedra appears to enable
the superior electrochemical performance of this LRLO phase. These findings define
an activation pathway for the important class of Co-free, Ni-poor LRLOs, offering
potential guidance for the rational design of high-performance, more sustainable
cathode materials.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: M-Shop
- _id: LifeSc
acknowledgement: 'Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A. and its staff are acknowledged
for providing synchrotron radiation beamtime and laboratory facilities, in particular
the MCX and XAFS beamlines, where the XRD and XAS experiments have been carried
out, supported by the projects number: 20217082, 20205109, and 20195014. This study
was carried out within the MOST─Sustainable Mobility Center and received funding
from the European Union Next-Generation EU (PIANO NAZIONALE DI RIPRESA E RESILIENZA
(PNRR)─MISSIONE 4 COMPONENTE 2, INVESTIMENTO 1.4─D.D. 1033 17/06/2022, CN00000023).
Moreover, the contribution of S.B. and A.C. to this study was carried out within
the NEST─Network for Energy Sustainable Transition and received funding from the
European Union Next-Generation EU (PNRR─MISSIONE 4 COMPONENTE 2, INVESTIMENTO 1.3─D.D.
1561 11/10/2022, B53C22004070006). This manuscript reflects only the authors’ views
and opinions, neither the European Union nor the European Commission can be considered
responsible for them. Two of us, S.B. and S.A.F., would like to thank the Alistore
ERI. L.S. received funds from the Ministry of Ecological Transition in the “Ricerca
di Sistema Elettrico” framework. S.A.F. is indebted to ISTA for support. The Scientific
Service Units of ISTA supported this research through resources provided by the
Lab Support Facility and the Miba Machine Shop.'
article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal)
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Matteo
full_name: Busato, Matteo
last_name: Busato
- first_name: Mariarosaria
full_name: Tuccillo, Mariarosaria
last_name: Tuccillo
- first_name: Arcangelo
full_name: Celeste, Arcangelo
last_name: Celeste
- first_name: Alessandro
full_name: Tofoni, Alessandro
last_name: Tofoni
- first_name: Laura
full_name: Silvestri, Laura
last_name: Silvestri
- first_name: Paola
full_name: D’Angelo, Paola
last_name: D’Angelo
- first_name: Stefan Alexander
full_name: Freunberger, Stefan Alexander
id: A8CA28E6-CE23-11E9-AD2D-EC27E6697425
last_name: Freunberger
orcid: 0000-0003-2902-5319
- first_name: Sergio
full_name: Brutti, Sergio
last_name: Brutti
citation:
ama: Busato M, Tuccillo M, Celeste A, et al. Structural rearrangements of a Cobalt-free
Lithium-rich layered oxide cathode during formation. ACS Applied Energy Materials.
2026;9(1):686-697. doi:10.1021/acsaem.5c03511
apa: Busato, M., Tuccillo, M., Celeste, A., Tofoni, A., Silvestri, L., D’Angelo,
P., … Brutti, S. (2026). Structural rearrangements of a Cobalt-free Lithium-rich
layered oxide cathode during formation. ACS Applied Energy Materials. American
Chemical Society. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.5c03511
chicago: Busato, Matteo, Mariarosaria Tuccillo, Arcangelo Celeste, Alessandro Tofoni,
Laura Silvestri, Paola D’Angelo, Stefan Alexander Freunberger, and Sergio Brutti.
“Structural Rearrangements of a Cobalt-Free Lithium-Rich Layered Oxide Cathode
during Formation.” ACS Applied Energy Materials. American Chemical Society,
2026. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.5c03511.
ieee: M. Busato et al., “Structural rearrangements of a Cobalt-free Lithium-rich
layered oxide cathode during formation,” ACS Applied Energy Materials,
vol. 9, no. 1. American Chemical Society, pp. 686–697, 2026.
ista: Busato M, Tuccillo M, Celeste A, Tofoni A, Silvestri L, D’Angelo P, Freunberger
SA, Brutti S. 2026. Structural rearrangements of a Cobalt-free Lithium-rich layered
oxide cathode during formation. ACS Applied Energy Materials. 9(1), 686–697.
mla: Busato, Matteo, et al. “Structural Rearrangements of a Cobalt-Free Lithium-Rich
Layered Oxide Cathode during Formation.” ACS Applied Energy Materials,
vol. 9, no. 1, American Chemical Society, 2026, pp. 686–97, doi:10.1021/acsaem.5c03511.
short: M. Busato, M. Tuccillo, A. Celeste, A. Tofoni, L. Silvestri, P. D’Angelo,
S.A. Freunberger, S. Brutti, ACS Applied Energy Materials 9 (2026) 686–697.
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2026-01-25T23:01:40Z
date_published: 2026-01-12T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-02-12T14:04:04Z
day: '12'
ddc:
- '540'
department:
- _id: StFr
doi: 10.1021/acsaem.5c03511
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 81272c19df41c696c1737168d3ea8c16
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2026-02-12T13:55:28Z
date_updated: 2026-02-12T13:55:28Z
file_id: '21222'
file_name: 2026_AppliedEnergyMaterials_Busato.pdf
file_size: 5977526
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2026-02-12T13:55:28Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 9'
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '01'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 686-697
publication: ACS Applied Energy Materials
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2574-0962
publication_status: published
publisher: American Chemical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Structural rearrangements of a Cobalt-free Lithium-rich layered oxide cathode
during formation
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 9
year: '2026'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: hybrid
PlanS_conform: '1'
_id: '21041'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "It is common for programmers to assemble their programs from a combination
of trusted and untrusted components. In this context, a trusted program component
is said to be robustly safe if it behaves safely when linked against arbitrary
untrusted code. Prior work has shown how various encapsulation mechanisms (in
both high- and low-level languages) can be used to protect code so that it is
robustly safe, but none of the existing work has explored how robust safety can
be achieved in a patently unsafe language like C.\r\nIn this paper, we show how
to bring robust safety to a simple yet representative C-like language we call
Rec. Although Rec (like C) is inherently ”dangerous” and thus not robustly safe,
we can ”save” Rec programs via compilation to Cap, a CHERI-like capability machine.
To formalize the benefits of such a hardening compiler, we develop Reckon, a separation
logic for verifying robust safety of Rec programs. Reckon is not sound under Rec’s
unsafe, C-like semantics, but it is sound when Rec programs are hardened via compilation
and linked against untrusted code running on Cap. As a crucial step in proving
soundness of Reckon, we introduce a novel technique of semantic back-translation,
which we formalize by building on the DimSum framework for multi-language semantics.
All our results are mechanized in the Rocq prover."
article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal)
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Niklas
full_name: Mück, Niklas
last_name: Mück
- first_name: Aïna Linn
full_name: Georges, Aïna Linn
last_name: Georges
- first_name: Derek
full_name: Dreyer, Derek
last_name: Dreyer
- first_name: Deepak
full_name: Garg, Deepak
last_name: Garg
- first_name: Michael Joachim
full_name: Sammler, Michael Joachim
id: 510d3901-2a03-11ee-914d-d9ae9011f0a7
last_name: Sammler
citation:
ama: 'Mück N, Georges AL, Dreyer D, Garg D, Sammler MJ. Endangered by the language
but saved by the compiler: Robust safety via semantic back-translation. Proceedings
of the ACM on Programming Languages. 2026;10:1153-1182. doi:10.1145/3776682'
apa: 'Mück, N., Georges, A. L., Dreyer, D., Garg, D., & Sammler, M. J. (2026).
Endangered by the language but saved by the compiler: Robust safety via semantic
back-translation. Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages. Association
for Computing Machinery. https://doi.org/10.1145/3776682'
chicago: 'Mück, Niklas, Aïna Linn Georges, Derek Dreyer, Deepak Garg, and Michael
Joachim Sammler. “Endangered by the Language but Saved by the Compiler: Robust
Safety via Semantic Back-Translation.” Proceedings of the ACM on Programming
Languages. Association for Computing Machinery, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1145/3776682.'
ieee: 'N. Mück, A. L. Georges, D. Dreyer, D. Garg, and M. J. Sammler, “Endangered
by the language but saved by the compiler: Robust safety via semantic back-translation,”
Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages, vol. 10. Association for
Computing Machinery, pp. 1153–1182, 2026.'
ista: 'Mück N, Georges AL, Dreyer D, Garg D, Sammler MJ. 2026. Endangered by the
language but saved by the compiler: Robust safety via semantic back-translation.
Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages. 10, 1153–1182.'
mla: 'Mück, Niklas, et al. “Endangered by the Language but Saved by the Compiler:
Robust Safety via Semantic Back-Translation.” Proceedings of the ACM on Programming
Languages, vol. 10, Association for Computing Machinery, 2026, pp. 1153–82,
doi:10.1145/3776682.'
short: N. Mück, A.L. Georges, D. Dreyer, D. Garg, M.J. Sammler, Proceedings of the
ACM on Programming Languages 10 (2026) 1153–1182.
date_created: 2026-01-25T23:01:40Z
date_published: 2026-01-08T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-02-12T13:53:04Z
day: '08'
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: MiSa
doi: 10.1145/3776682
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 79be391061efbf9542638996959ce11a
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2026-02-12T13:51:03Z
date_updated: 2026-02-12T13:51:03Z
file_id: '21221'
file_name: 2026_ProcACMProgrammingLanguages_Mueck.pdf
file_size: 1058876
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2026-02-12T13:51:03Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 10'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '01'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 1153-1182
publication: Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2475-1421
publication_status: published
publisher: Association for Computing Machinery
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Endangered by the language but saved by the compiler: Robust safety via semantic
back-translation'
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 10
year: '2026'
...