@article{19442,
  abstract     = {1. Climate change is expected to induce shifts in the composition, structure and functioning of Arctic tundra ecosystems. Increases in the frequency and severity of tundra fires have the potential to catalyse vegetation transitions with far-reaching local, regional and global consequences.
2. We propose that post-fire tundra recovery, coupled with climate change, may not necessarily lead to pre-fire conditions. Our hypothesis, based on surveys and literature, suggests two climate–fire driven trajectories. One trajectory results in increased woody vegetation under low fire frequency; the other results in grass dominance under high frequency.
3. Future research should address uncertainties regarding possible tundra ecosystem shifts linked to fires, using methods that encompass greater temporal and spatial scales than previously addressed. More case studies, especially in underrepresented regions and ecosystem types, are essential to broaden the empirical basis for forecasts and potential fire management strategies.
4. Synthesis. Our review synthesises current knowledge on post-fire vegetation trajectories in Arctic tundra ecosystems, highlighting potential transitions and alternative ecosystem states and their implications. We discuss challenges in defining and predicting these trajectories as well as future directions.},
  author       = {Heim, Ramona Julia and Rocha, Adrian V. and Zemlianskii, Vitalii and Barrett, Kirsten and Bültmann, Helga and Breen, Amy and Frost, Gerald Verner and Hollingsworth, Teresa Nettleton and Jandt, Randi and Kozlova, Maria and Kurka, Anastasiya and Jorgenson, Mark Torre and Landhäusser, Simon M. and Loranty, Michael Mark and Miller, Eric A. and Narita, Kenji and Pravdolyubova, Evgeniya and Hölzel, Norbert and Schaepman-Strub, Gabriela},
  issn         = {1365-2745},
  journal      = {Journal of Ecology},
  number       = {5},
  pages        = {1042--1056},
  publisher    = {Wiley},
  title        = {{Arctic tundra ecosystems under fire—Alternative ecosystem states in a changing climate?}},
  doi          = {10.1111/1365-2745.70022},
  volume       = {113},
  year         = {2025},
}

@article{19641,
  abstract     = {Mycorrhizal and saprotrophic macromycetes contribute strongly to the carbon and nitrogen cycles of forest ecosystems, often studied by tracing stable isotope composition of carbon and nitrogen. The phenomenon of the saprotrophic-mycorrhizal divide highlights the difference in the stable isotope composition of fruiting bodies of mycorrhizal and saprotrophic fungi. Much less is known about the isotopic composition of the mycelium, which plays an important role in the formation of the soil organic matter and fuels the fungal trophic channel in soil food webs. In this study, we assessed whether the saprotrophic-mycorrhizal divide in the natural δ13С and δ15N values can be traced throughout entire fungal organisms. This hypothesis was tested using 16 species of ectomycorrhizal and six species of saprotrophic basidiomycetous fungi. We showed that not only fruiting bodies, but also the mycelium of ectomycorrhizal and saprotrophic fungi differs in the δ13C and δ15N values. In both ectomycorrhizal and saprotrophic fungi, the δ13C and δ15N values increased from mycelium to hymenophores and correlated positively with the total N content in the corresponding tissues. The differences between ectomycorrhizal and saprotrophic mycelium can be used to reconstruct the fungal-driven belowground carbon and nitrogen allocation, and the contribution of saprotrophic and mycorrhizal fungi to soil food webs.},
  author       = {Zuev, A. G. and Alexandrova, A. V. and Litvinskiy, V. A. and Pravdolyubova, Evgeniya and Tiunov, A. V.},
  issn         = {1432-1890},
  journal      = {Mycorrhiza},
  number       = {2},
  publisher    = {Springer Nature},
  title        = {{Saprotrophic-mycorrhizal divide in stable isotope composition throughout the whole fungus: From mycelium to hymenophore}},
  doi          = {10.1007/s00572-025-01203-w},
  volume       = {35},
  year         = {2025},
}