---
DOAJ_listed: '1'
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
PlanS_conform: '1'
_id: '21340'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Equilibrium quantum systems are often described by a gas of weakly interacting
    normal modes. Bringing such systems far from equilibrium, however, can drastically
    enhance mode-to-mode interactions. Understanding the resulting liquid is a fundamental
    question for quantum statistical mechanics and a practical question for engineering
    driven quantum devices. To tackle this question, we probe the non-equilibrium
    kinetics of one-dimensional plasmons in a long chain of Josephson junctions. We
    introduce multimode spectroscopy to controllably study the departure from equilibrium,
    witnessing the evolution from pairwise coupling between plasma modes at weak driving
    to dramatic, high-order, cascaded couplings at strong driving. Scaling to many-mode
    drives, we stimulate interactions between hundreds of modes, resulting in near-continuum
    internal dynamics. Imaging the resulting non-equilibrium plasmon populations,
    we then resolve the nonlocal redistribution of energy in the response to a weak
    perturbation—an explicit verification of the emergence of a strongly interacting,
    non-equilibrium liquid of plasmons.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: NanoFab
- _id: M-Shop
acknowledgement: We thank V. Vitelli, M. Fruchart, and A. Burshstein for helpful input.
  We acknowledge technical support from the Nanofabrication Facility and the MIBA
  machine shop at IST Austria. This research was supported in part by grant NSF PHY-2309135
  to the Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics (KITP), by the Austrian Science Fund
  (FWF) SFB F86, and by the NOMIS foundation.
article_number: eady7222
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Anton
  full_name: Bubis, Anton
  id: 1f6212b5-f795-11ec-9c0c-de4780302890
  last_name: Bubis
- first_name: Lucia
  full_name: Vigliotti, Lucia
  id: 539e1e1a-e604-11ee-a1df-f02b018e5c8c
  last_name: Vigliotti
- first_name: Maksym
  full_name: Serbyn, Maksym
  id: 47809E7E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Serbyn
  orcid: 0000-0002-2399-5827
- first_name: Andrew P
  full_name: Higginbotham, Andrew P
  id: 4AD6785A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Higginbotham
  orcid: 0000-0003-2607-2363
citation:
  ama: Bubis A, Vigliotti L, Serbyn M, Higginbotham AP. Non-equilibrium plasmon liquid
    in a Josephson junction chain. <i>Science Advances</i>. 2026;12(7). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.ady7222">10.1126/sciadv.ady7222</a>
  apa: Bubis, A., Vigliotti, L., Serbyn, M., &#38; Higginbotham, A. P. (2026). Non-equilibrium
    plasmon liquid in a Josephson junction chain. <i>Science Advances</i>. American
    Association for the Advancement of Science. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.ady7222">https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.ady7222</a>
  chicago: Bubis, Anton, Lucia Vigliotti, Maksym Serbyn, and Andrew P Higginbotham.
    “Non-Equilibrium Plasmon Liquid in a Josephson Junction Chain.” <i>Science Advances</i>.
    American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2026. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.ady7222">https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.ady7222</a>.
  ieee: A. Bubis, L. Vigliotti, M. Serbyn, and A. P. Higginbotham, “Non-equilibrium
    plasmon liquid in a Josephson junction chain,” <i>Science Advances</i>, vol. 12,
    no. 7. American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2026.
  ista: Bubis A, Vigliotti L, Serbyn M, Higginbotham AP. 2026. Non-equilibrium plasmon
    liquid in a Josephson junction chain. Science Advances. 12(7), eady7222.
  mla: Bubis, Anton, et al. “Non-Equilibrium Plasmon Liquid in a Josephson Junction
    Chain.” <i>Science Advances</i>, vol. 12, no. 7, eady7222, American Association
    for the Advancement of Science, 2026, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.ady7222">10.1126/sciadv.ady7222</a>.
  short: A. Bubis, L. Vigliotti, M. Serbyn, A.P. Higginbotham, Science Advances 12
    (2026).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2026-02-22T20:47:38Z
date_published: 2026-02-13T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-02-24T07:25:34Z
day: '13'
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: MaSe
- _id: AnHi
- _id: GeKa
doi: 10.1126/sciadv.ady7222
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '2504.09721'
file:
- access_level: open_access
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  creator: dernst
  date_created: 2026-02-24T07:23:32Z
  date_updated: 2026-02-24T07:23:32Z
  file_id: '21353'
  file_name: 2026_ScienceAdv_Bubis.pdf
  file_size: 2775975
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2026-02-24T07:23:32Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        12'
issue: '7'
language:
- iso: eng
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
month: '02'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Science Advances
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 2375-2548
publication_status: published
publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Non-equilibrium plasmon liquid in a Josephson junction chain
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 12
year: '2026'
...