---
APC_amount: 3782,54
DOAJ_listed: '1'
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
_id: '17183'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "The photon blockade breakdown in a continuously driven cavity QED system
    has been proposed as a prime example for a first-order driven-dissipative quantum
    phase transition. However, the predicted scaling from a microscopic behavior—dominated
    by quantum fluctuations—to a macroscopic one—characterized by stable phases—and
    the associated exponents and phase diagram have not been observed so far. In this
    work we couple a single transmon qubit with a fixed coupling strength \U0001D454
    to a superconducting cavity that is in situ bandwidth \U0001D705 tunable to controllably
    approach this thermodynamic limit. Even though the system remains microscopic,
    we observe its behavior becoming increasingly macroscopic as a function of \U0001D454/\U0001D705.
    For the highest realized \U0001D454/\U0001D705 of approximately 287, the system
    switches with a characteristic timescale as long as 6 s between a bright coherent
    state with approximately 8×103 intracavity photons and the vacuum state. This
    exceeds the microscopic timescales by 6 orders of magnitude and approaches the
    perfect hysteresis expected between two macroscopic attractors in the thermodynamic
    limit. These findings and interpretation are qualitatively supported by neoclassical
    theory and large-scale quantum-jump Monte Carlo simulations. Besides shedding
    more light on driven-dissipative physics in the limit of strong light-matter coupling,
    this system might also find applications in quantum sensing and metrology."
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: M-Shop
acknowledgement: This work has received funding from the Austrian Science Fund (FWF)
  through BeyondC (F7105) and the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
  program under Grant Agreement No. 862644 (FETopen QUARTET). A.V. acknowledges support
  from the National Research, Development and Innovation Office of Hungary (NKFIH)
  within the Quantum Information National Laboratory of Hungary. The authors thank
  the MIBA workshop and the Institute of Science and Technology Austria nanofabrication
  facility for technical support. We are grateful to HUN-REN Cloud for providing us
  with suitable computational infrastructure for the simulations.
article_number: '010327'
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Riya
  full_name: Sett, Riya
  id: 2E6D040E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Sett
  orcid: 0000-0001-7641-8348
- first_name: Farid
  full_name: Hassani, Farid
  id: 2AED110C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Hassani
  orcid: 0000-0001-6937-5773
- first_name: Duc T
  full_name: Phan, Duc T
  id: 29C8C0B4-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Phan
- first_name: Shabir
  full_name: Barzanjeh, Shabir
  id: 2D25E1F6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Barzanjeh
  orcid: 0000-0003-0415-1423
- first_name: Andras
  full_name: Vukics, Andras
  last_name: Vukics
- first_name: Johannes M
  full_name: Fink, Johannes M
  id: 4B591CBA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Fink
  orcid: 0000-0001-8112-028X
citation:
  ama: Sett R, Hassani F, Phan DT, Barzanjeh S, Vukics A, Fink JM. Emergent macroscopic
    bistability induced by a single superconducting qubit. <i>PRX Quantum</i>. 2024;5(1).
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/prxquantum.5.010327">10.1103/prxquantum.5.010327</a>
  apa: Sett, R., Hassani, F., Phan, D. T., Barzanjeh, S., Vukics, A., &#38; Fink,
    J. M. (2024). Emergent macroscopic bistability induced by a single superconducting
    qubit. <i>PRX Quantum</i>. American Physical Society. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/prxquantum.5.010327">https://doi.org/10.1103/prxquantum.5.010327</a>
  chicago: Sett, Riya, Farid Hassani, Duc T Phan, Shabir Barzanjeh, Andras Vukics,
    and Johannes M Fink. “Emergent Macroscopic Bistability Induced by a Single Superconducting
    Qubit.” <i>PRX Quantum</i>. American Physical Society, 2024. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/prxquantum.5.010327">https://doi.org/10.1103/prxquantum.5.010327</a>.
  ieee: R. Sett, F. Hassani, D. T. Phan, S. Barzanjeh, A. Vukics, and J. M. Fink,
    “Emergent macroscopic bistability induced by a single superconducting qubit,”
    <i>PRX Quantum</i>, vol. 5, no. 1. American Physical Society, 2024.
  ista: Sett R, Hassani F, Phan DT, Barzanjeh S, Vukics A, Fink JM. 2024. Emergent
    macroscopic bistability induced by a single superconducting qubit. PRX Quantum.
    5(1), 010327.
  mla: Sett, Riya, et al. “Emergent Macroscopic Bistability Induced by a Single Superconducting
    Qubit.” <i>PRX Quantum</i>, vol. 5, no. 1, 010327, American Physical Society,
    2024, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/prxquantum.5.010327">10.1103/prxquantum.5.010327</a>.
  short: R. Sett, F. Hassani, D.T. Phan, S. Barzanjeh, A. Vukics, J.M. Fink, PRX Quantum
    5 (2024).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2024-06-27T10:58:06Z
date_published: 2024-02-16T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-04-27T22:31:05Z
day: '16'
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: JoFi
- _id: AnHi
doi: 10.1103/prxquantum.5.010327
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '2210.14182'
  isi:
  - '001171652500001'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: 0833880d47f74ad1deda93a1d8ffa5a7
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: cchlebak
  date_created: 2024-06-28T12:04:43Z
  date_updated: 2024-06-28T12:04:43Z
  file_id: '17185'
  file_name: 2024_PRXQuantum_Sett.pdf
  file_size: 1443351
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2024-06-28T12:04:43Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '         5'
isi: 1
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '02'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: 237CBA6C-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '862644'
  name: Quantum readout techniques and technologies
- _id: 3AC91DDA-15DF-11EA-824D-93A3E7B544D1
  call_identifier: FWF
  name: FWF Open Access Fund
- _id: bdb108fd-d553-11ed-ba76-83dc74a9864f
  grant_number: F07105
  name: QUANTUM INFORMATION SYSTEMS BEYOND CLASSICAL CAPABILITIES / P5- Integration
    of Superconducting Quantum Circuits
publication: PRX Quantum
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 2691-3399
publication_status: published
publisher: American Physical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
  record:
  - id: '18978'
    relation: research_data
    status: public
  - id: '19533'
    relation: dissertation_contains
    status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Emergent macroscopic bistability induced by a single superconducting qubit
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 5
year: '2024'
...
---
OA_place: repository
OA_type: gold
_id: '18978'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "Data analysis files for the manuscript \"Emergent Macroscopic Bistability
    Induced by a Single Superconducting Qubit\".\r\n\r\nThis contains the raw data
    and the data analysis files for generating the figures in the manuscript.\r\n\r\n
    Figure1 file - The raw data of cavity transmission spectra for 6 different kappas
    are there. They are fitted with input-output theory in the python file.\r\n Figure2
    file - The raw data at 8 MHz kappa are included. all hte figures in figure 2 are
    generated in the python file\r\n Figure3 file - The raw data of PBB single shot
    measurements at all kappas are included. The detailed analysis and the Figure3
    generated for the paper are all in the python analysis file. Also, thefiles containing
    the time-evolution of the intensity from Master Equation solution are included.\r\nFigure4
    file - The raw data at 2.6 MHz for different drive detunings and the corresponding
    analyses are included. And the python file includes the analysis of the experimental
    data as well as approximate neoclassical equations solutions for 2-level and 3-level
    transmons are included.  "
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Riya
  full_name: Sett, Riya
  id: 2E6D040E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Sett
  orcid: 0000-0001-7641-8348
- first_name: Farid
  full_name: Hassani, Farid
  id: 2AED110C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Hassani
  orcid: 0000-0001-6937-5773
- first_name: Duc T
  full_name: Phan, Duc T
  id: 29C8C0B4-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Phan
- first_name: Shabir
  full_name: Barzanjeh, Shabir
  id: 2D25E1F6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Barzanjeh
  orcid: 0000-0003-0415-1423
- first_name: Andras
  full_name: Vukics, Andras
  last_name: Vukics
- first_name: Johannes M
  full_name: Fink, Johannes M
  id: 4B591CBA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Fink
  orcid: 0000-0001-8112-028X
citation:
  ama: Sett R, Hassani F, Phan DT, Barzanjeh S, Vukics A, Fink JM. Data Analysis files
    for “Emergent Macroscopic Bistability Induced by a Single Superconducting Qubit.”
    2024. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.10518320">10.5281/ZENODO.10518320</a>
  apa: Sett, R., Hassani, F., Phan, D. T., Barzanjeh, S., Vukics, A., &#38; Fink,
    J. M. (2024). Data Analysis files for “Emergent Macroscopic Bistability Induced
    by a Single Superconducting Qubit.” Zenodo. <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.10518320">https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.10518320</a>
  chicago: Sett, Riya, Farid Hassani, Duc T Phan, Shabir Barzanjeh, Andras Vukics,
    and Johannes M Fink. “Data Analysis Files for ‘Emergent Macroscopic Bistability
    Induced by a Single Superconducting Qubit.’” Zenodo, 2024. <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.10518320">https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.10518320</a>.
  ieee: R. Sett, F. Hassani, D. T. Phan, S. Barzanjeh, A. Vukics, and J. M. Fink,
    “Data Analysis files for ‘Emergent Macroscopic Bistability Induced by a Single
    Superconducting Qubit.’” Zenodo, 2024.
  ista: Sett R, Hassani F, Phan DT, Barzanjeh S, Vukics A, Fink JM. 2024. Data Analysis
    files for ‘Emergent Macroscopic Bistability Induced by a Single Superconducting
    Qubit’, Zenodo, <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.10518320">10.5281/ZENODO.10518320</a>.
  mla: Sett, Riya, et al. <i>Data Analysis Files for “Emergent Macroscopic Bistability
    Induced by a Single Superconducting Qubit.”</i> Zenodo, 2024, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.10518320">10.5281/ZENODO.10518320</a>.
  short: R. Sett, F. Hassani, D.T. Phan, S. Barzanjeh, A. Vukics, J.M. Fink, (2024).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2025-01-30T08:30:03Z
date_published: 2024-01-16T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-04-27T22:31:05Z
day: '16'
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: JoFi
- _id: AnHi
doi: 10.5281/ZENODO.10518320
has_accepted_license: '1'
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10518320
month: '01'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publisher: Zenodo
related_material:
  record:
  - id: '17183'
    relation: used_in_publication
    status: public
  - id: '19533'
    relation: used_in_publication
    status: public
status: public
title: Data Analysis files for "Emergent Macroscopic Bistability Induced by a Single
  Superconducting Qubit"
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: research_data_reference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2024'
...
---
_id: '14517'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'State-of-the-art transmon qubits rely on large capacitors, which systematically
    improve their coherence due to reduced surface-loss participation. However, this
    approach increases both the footprint and the parasitic cross-coupling and is
    ultimately limited by radiation losses—a potential roadblock for scaling up quantum
    processors to millions of qubits. In this work we present transmon qubits with
    sizes as low as 36 × 39 µm2 with  100-nm-wide vacuum-gap capacitors that are micromachined
    from commercial silicon-on-insulator wafers and shadow evaporated with aluminum.
    We achieve a vacuum participation ratio up to 99.6% in an in-plane design that
    is compatible with standard coplanar circuits. Qubit relaxationtime measurements
    for small gaps with high zero-point electric field variance of up to 22 V/m reveal
    a double exponential decay indicating comparably strong qubit interaction with
    long-lived two-level systems. The exceptionally high selectivity of up to 20 dB
    to the superconductor-vacuum interface allows us to precisely back out the sub-single-photon
    dielectric loss tangent of aluminum oxide previously exposed to ambient conditions.
    In terms of future scaling potential, we achieve a ratio of qubit quality factor
    to a footprint area equal to 20 µm−2, which is comparable with the highest T1
    devices relying on larger geometries, a value that could improve substantially
    for lower surface-loss superconductors. '
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: NanoFab
acknowledgement: "This work was supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) through
  BeyondC (F7105), the European Research Council under Grant Agreement No. 758053
  (ERC StG QUNNECT) and a NOMIS foundation research grant. M.Z. was the recipient
  of a SAIA scholarship, E.R. of\r\na DOC fellowship of the Austrian Academy of Sciences,
  and M.P. of a Pöttinger scholarship at IST Austria. S.B. acknowledges support from
  Marie Skłodowska Curie Program No. 707438 (MSC-IF SUPEREOM). J.M.F. acknowledges
  support from the Horizon Europe Program HORIZON-CL4-2022-QUANTUM-01-SGA via Project
  No. 101113946 OpenSuperQPlus100 and the ISTA Nanofabrication Facility."
article_number: '044054'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Martin
  full_name: Zemlicka, Martin
  id: 2DCF8DE6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Zemlicka
  orcid: 0009-0005-0878-3032
- first_name: Elena
  full_name: Redchenko, Elena
  id: 2C21D6E8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Redchenko
- first_name: Matilda
  full_name: Peruzzo, Matilda
  id: 3F920B30-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Peruzzo
  orcid: 0000-0002-3415-4628
- first_name: Farid
  full_name: Hassani, Farid
  id: 2AED110C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Hassani
  orcid: 0000-0001-6937-5773
- first_name: Andrea
  full_name: Trioni, Andrea
  id: 42F71B44-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Trioni
- first_name: Shabir
  full_name: Barzanjeh, Shabir
  id: 2D25E1F6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Barzanjeh
  orcid: 0000-0003-0415-1423
- first_name: Johannes M
  full_name: Fink, Johannes M
  id: 4B591CBA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Fink
  orcid: 0000-0001-8112-028X
citation:
  ama: 'Zemlicka M, Redchenko E, Peruzzo M, et al. Compact vacuum-gap transmon qubits:
    Selective and sensitive probes for superconductor surface losses. <i>Physical
    Review Applied</i>. 2023;20(4). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.20.044054">10.1103/PhysRevApplied.20.044054</a>'
  apa: 'Zemlicka, M., Redchenko, E., Peruzzo, M., Hassani, F., Trioni, A., Barzanjeh,
    S., &#38; Fink, J. M. (2023). Compact vacuum-gap transmon qubits: Selective and
    sensitive probes for superconductor surface losses. <i>Physical Review Applied</i>.
    American Physical Society. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.20.044054">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.20.044054</a>'
  chicago: 'Zemlicka, Martin, Elena Redchenko, Matilda Peruzzo, Farid Hassani, Andrea
    Trioni, Shabir Barzanjeh, and Johannes M Fink. “Compact Vacuum-Gap Transmon Qubits:
    Selective and Sensitive Probes for Superconductor Surface Losses.” <i>Physical
    Review Applied</i>. American Physical Society, 2023. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.20.044054">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.20.044054</a>.'
  ieee: 'M. Zemlicka <i>et al.</i>, “Compact vacuum-gap transmon qubits: Selective
    and sensitive probes for superconductor surface losses,” <i>Physical Review Applied</i>,
    vol. 20, no. 4. American Physical Society, 2023.'
  ista: 'Zemlicka M, Redchenko E, Peruzzo M, Hassani F, Trioni A, Barzanjeh S, Fink
    JM. 2023. Compact vacuum-gap transmon qubits: Selective and sensitive probes for
    superconductor surface losses. Physical Review Applied. 20(4), 044054.'
  mla: 'Zemlicka, Martin, et al. “Compact Vacuum-Gap Transmon Qubits: Selective and
    Sensitive Probes for Superconductor Surface Losses.” <i>Physical Review Applied</i>,
    vol. 20, no. 4, 044054, American Physical Society, 2023, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.20.044054">10.1103/PhysRevApplied.20.044054</a>.'
  short: M. Zemlicka, E. Redchenko, M. Peruzzo, F. Hassani, A. Trioni, S. Barzanjeh,
    J.M. Fink, Physical Review Applied 20 (2023).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2023-11-12T23:00:55Z
date_published: 2023-10-20T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-04-15T06:39:01Z
day: '20'
department:
- _id: JoFi
doi: 10.1103/PhysRevApplied.20.044054
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '2206.14104'
  isi:
  - '001095315600001'
intvolume: '        20'
isi: 1
issue: '4'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://arxiv.org/abs/2206.14104
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
project:
- _id: 26336814-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '758053'
  name: A Fiber Optic Transceiver for Superconducting Qubits
- _id: eb9b30ac-77a9-11ec-83b8-871f581d53d2
  name: Protected states of quantum matter
- _id: 258047B6-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '707438'
  name: 'Microwave-to-Optical Quantum Link: Quantum Teleportation and Quantum Illumination
    with cavity Optomechanics'
- _id: bdb7cfc1-d553-11ed-ba76-d2eaab167738
  grant_number: '101080139'
  name: Open Superconducting Quantum Computers (OpenSuperQPlus)
- _id: bdb108fd-d553-11ed-ba76-83dc74a9864f
  grant_number: F07105
  name: QUANTUM INFORMATION SYSTEMS BEYOND CLASSICAL CAPABILITIES / P5- Integration
    of Superconducting Quantum Circuits
publication: Physical Review Applied
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 2331-7019
publication_status: published
publisher: American Physical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
  record:
  - id: '14520'
    relation: research_data
    status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Compact vacuum-gap transmon qubits: Selective and sensitive probes for superconductor
  surface losses'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 20
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '14520'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'This dataset comprises all data shown in the figures of the submitted article
    "Compact vacuum gap transmon qubits: Selective and sensitive probes for superconductor
    surface losses" at arxiv.org/abs/2206.14104. Additional raw data are available
    from the corresponding author on reasonable request.'
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Martin
  full_name: Zemlicka, Martin
  id: 2DCF8DE6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Zemlicka
  orcid: 0009-0005-0878-3032
- first_name: Elena
  full_name: Redchenko, Elena
  id: 2C21D6E8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Redchenko
- first_name: Matilda
  full_name: Peruzzo, Matilda
  id: 3F920B30-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Peruzzo
  orcid: 0000-0002-3415-4628
- first_name: Farid
  full_name: Hassani, Farid
  id: 2AED110C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Hassani
  orcid: 0000-0001-6937-5773
- first_name: Andrea
  full_name: Trioni, Andrea
  id: 42F71B44-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Trioni
- first_name: Shabir
  full_name: Barzanjeh, Shabir
  id: 2D25E1F6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Barzanjeh
  orcid: 0000-0003-0415-1423
- first_name: Johannes M
  full_name: Fink, Johannes M
  id: 4B591CBA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Fink
  orcid: 0000-0001-8112-028X
citation:
  ama: 'Zemlicka M, Redchenko E, Peruzzo M, et al. Compact vacuum gap transmon qubits:
    Selective and sensitive probes for superconductor surface losses. 2022. doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.8408897">10.5281/ZENODO.8408897</a>'
  apa: 'Zemlicka, M., Redchenko, E., Peruzzo, M., Hassani, F., Trioni, A., Barzanjeh,
    S., &#38; Fink, J. M. (2022). Compact vacuum gap transmon qubits: Selective and
    sensitive probes for superconductor surface losses. Zenodo. <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.8408897">https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.8408897</a>'
  chicago: 'Zemlicka, Martin, Elena Redchenko, Matilda Peruzzo, Farid Hassani, Andrea
    Trioni, Shabir Barzanjeh, and Johannes M Fink. “Compact Vacuum Gap Transmon Qubits:
    Selective and Sensitive Probes for Superconductor Surface Losses.” Zenodo, 2022.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.8408897">https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.8408897</a>.'
  ieee: 'M. Zemlicka <i>et al.</i>, “Compact vacuum gap transmon qubits: Selective
    and sensitive probes for superconductor surface losses.” Zenodo, 2022.'
  ista: 'Zemlicka M, Redchenko E, Peruzzo M, Hassani F, Trioni A, Barzanjeh S, Fink
    JM. 2022. Compact vacuum gap transmon qubits: Selective and sensitive probes for
    superconductor surface losses, Zenodo, <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.8408897">10.5281/ZENODO.8408897</a>.'
  mla: 'Zemlicka, Martin, et al. <i>Compact Vacuum Gap Transmon Qubits: Selective
    and Sensitive Probes for Superconductor Surface Losses</i>. Zenodo, 2022, doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.8408897">10.5281/ZENODO.8408897</a>.'
  short: M. Zemlicka, E. Redchenko, M. Peruzzo, F. Hassani, A. Trioni, S. Barzanjeh,
    J.M. Fink, (2022).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2023-11-13T08:09:10Z
date_published: 2022-06-28T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-04-15T06:39:00Z
day: '28'
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: JoFi
doi: 10.5281/ZENODO.8408897
has_accepted_license: '1'
license: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
main_file_link:
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  url: https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.8408897
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publisher: Zenodo
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type: research_data_reference
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year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '13056'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: This datasets comprises all data shown in plots of the submitted article "Converting
    microwave and telecom photons with a silicon photonic nanomechanical interface".
    Additional raw data are available from the corresponding author on reasonable
    request.
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Georg M
  full_name: Arnold, Georg M
  id: 3770C838-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Arnold
  orcid: 0000-0003-1397-7876
- first_name: Matthias
  full_name: Wulf, Matthias
  id: 45598606-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Wulf
  orcid: 0000-0001-6613-1378
- first_name: Shabir
  full_name: Barzanjeh, Shabir
  id: 2D25E1F6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Barzanjeh
  orcid: 0000-0003-0415-1423
- first_name: Elena
  full_name: Redchenko, Elena
  id: 2C21D6E8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Redchenko
- first_name: Alfredo R
  full_name: Rueda Sanchez, Alfredo R
  id: 3B82B0F8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Rueda Sanchez
  orcid: 0000-0001-6249-5860
- first_name: William J
  full_name: Hease, William J
  id: 29705398-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Hease
  orcid: 0000-0001-9868-2166
- first_name: Farid
  full_name: Hassani, Farid
  id: 2AED110C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Hassani
  orcid: 0000-0001-6937-5773
- first_name: Johannes M
  full_name: Fink, Johannes M
  id: 4B591CBA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Fink
  orcid: 0000-0001-8112-028X
citation:
  ama: Arnold GM, Wulf M, Barzanjeh S, et al. Converting microwave and telecom photons
    with a silicon photonic nanomechanical interface. 2020. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.3961561">10.5281/ZENODO.3961561</a>
  apa: Arnold, G. M., Wulf, M., Barzanjeh, S., Redchenko, E., Rueda Sanchez, A. R.,
    Hease, W. J., … Fink, J. M. (2020). Converting microwave and telecom photons with
    a silicon photonic nanomechanical interface. Zenodo. <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.3961561">https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.3961561</a>
  chicago: Arnold, Georg M, Matthias Wulf, Shabir Barzanjeh, Elena Redchenko, Alfredo
    R Rueda Sanchez, William J Hease, Farid Hassani, and Johannes M Fink. “Converting
    Microwave and Telecom Photons with a Silicon Photonic Nanomechanical Interface.”
    Zenodo, 2020. <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.3961561">https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.3961561</a>.
  ieee: G. M. Arnold <i>et al.</i>, “Converting microwave and telecom photons with
    a silicon photonic nanomechanical interface.” Zenodo, 2020.
  ista: Arnold GM, Wulf M, Barzanjeh S, Redchenko E, Rueda Sanchez AR, Hease WJ, Hassani
    F, Fink JM. 2020. Converting microwave and telecom photons with a silicon photonic
    nanomechanical interface, Zenodo, <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.3961561">10.5281/ZENODO.3961561</a>.
  mla: Arnold, Georg M., et al. <i>Converting Microwave and Telecom Photons with a
    Silicon Photonic Nanomechanical Interface</i>. Zenodo, 2020, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.3961561">10.5281/ZENODO.3961561</a>.
  short: G.M. Arnold, M. Wulf, S. Barzanjeh, E. Redchenko, A.R. Rueda Sanchez, W.J.
    Hease, F. Hassani, J.M. Fink, (2020).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2023-05-23T13:37:41Z
date_published: 2020-07-27T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-06-12T07:03:01Z
day: '27'
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: JoFi
doi: 10.5281/ZENODO.3961561
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3961562
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publisher: Zenodo
related_material:
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status: public
title: Converting microwave and telecom photons with a silicon photonic nanomechanical
  interface
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type: research_data_reference
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...
---
_id: '9194'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Quantum transduction, the process of converting quantum signals from one form
    of energy to another, is an important area of quantum science and technology.
    The present perspective article reviews quantum transduction between microwave
    and optical photons, an area that has recently seen a lot of activity and progress
    because of its relevance for connecting superconducting quantum processors over
    long distances, among other applications. Our review covers the leading approaches
    to achieving such transduction, with an emphasis on those based on atomic ensembles,
    opto-electro-mechanics, and electro-optics. We briefly discuss relevant metrics
    from the point of view of different applications, as well as challenges for the
    future.
acknowledgement: "During the writing of this article we became aware of another review
  of quantum transduction with somewhat different emphasis [99].\r\nWe would like
  to thank the participants of the transduction workshop at Caltech in September 2018
  for helpful and stimulating discussions. We particularly thank John Bartholomew,
  Andrei Faraon, Johannes Fink, Jeff Holzgrafe, Linbo Shao, Marko Lončar, Daniel Oblak,
  and Oskar Painter.\r\nN L and N S acknowledge support from the Alliance for Quantum
  Technologies' (AQT) Intelligent Quantum Networks and Technologies (INQNET) research
  program and by DOE/HEP QuantISED program grant, QCCFP (Quantum Communication Channels
  for Fundamental Physics), award number DE-SC0019219. NS further acknowledges support
  by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC). SB acknowledges
  support from the Marie Skłodowska Curie fellowship number 707 438 (MSC-IF SUPEREOM).
  JPC acknowledges support from the Caltech PMA prize postdoctoral fellowship. MS
  acknowledges support from the ARL-CDQI and the National Science Foundation. CS acknowledges
  NSERC, Quantum Alberta, and the Alberta Major Innovation Fund."
article_number: '020501'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: review
author:
- first_name: Nikolai
  full_name: Lauk, Nikolai
  last_name: Lauk
- first_name: Neil
  full_name: Sinclair, Neil
  last_name: Sinclair
- first_name: Shabir
  full_name: Barzanjeh, Shabir
  id: 2D25E1F6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Barzanjeh
  orcid: 0000-0003-0415-1423
- first_name: Jacob P
  full_name: Covey, Jacob P
  last_name: Covey
- first_name: Mark
  full_name: Saffman, Mark
  last_name: Saffman
- first_name: Maria
  full_name: Spiropulu, Maria
  last_name: Spiropulu
- first_name: Christoph
  full_name: Simon, Christoph
  last_name: Simon
citation:
  ama: Lauk N, Sinclair N, Barzanjeh S, et al. Perspectives on quantum transduction.
    <i>Quantum Science and Technology</i>. 2020;5(2). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-9565/ab788a">10.1088/2058-9565/ab788a</a>
  apa: Lauk, N., Sinclair, N., Barzanjeh, S., Covey, J. P., Saffman, M., Spiropulu,
    M., &#38; Simon, C. (2020). Perspectives on quantum transduction. <i>Quantum Science
    and Technology</i>. IOP Publishing. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-9565/ab788a">https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-9565/ab788a</a>
  chicago: Lauk, Nikolai, Neil Sinclair, Shabir Barzanjeh, Jacob P Covey, Mark Saffman,
    Maria Spiropulu, and Christoph Simon. “Perspectives on Quantum Transduction.”
    <i>Quantum Science and Technology</i>. IOP Publishing, 2020. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-9565/ab788a">https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-9565/ab788a</a>.
  ieee: N. Lauk <i>et al.</i>, “Perspectives on quantum transduction,” <i>Quantum
    Science and Technology</i>, vol. 5, no. 2. IOP Publishing, 2020.
  ista: Lauk N, Sinclair N, Barzanjeh S, Covey JP, Saffman M, Spiropulu M, Simon C.
    2020. Perspectives on quantum transduction. Quantum Science and Technology. 5(2),
    020501.
  mla: Lauk, Nikolai, et al. “Perspectives on Quantum Transduction.” <i>Quantum Science
    and Technology</i>, vol. 5, no. 2, 020501, IOP Publishing, 2020, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-9565/ab788a">10.1088/2058-9565/ab788a</a>.
  short: N. Lauk, N. Sinclair, S. Barzanjeh, J.P. Covey, M. Saffman, M. Spiropulu,
    C. Simon, Quantum Science and Technology 5 (2020).
date_created: 2021-02-25T08:32:29Z
date_published: 2020-03-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-10-22T09:36:25Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: JoFi
doi: 10.1088/2058-9565/ab788a
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000521449500001'
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  file_name: 2020_QuantumScience_Lauk.pdf
  file_size: 974399
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month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: 258047B6-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '707438'
  name: 'Microwave-to-Optical Quantum Link: Quantum Teleportation and Quantum Illumination
    with cavity Optomechanics'
publication: Quantum Science and Technology
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2058-9565
publication_status: published
publisher: IOP Publishing
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Perspectives on quantum transduction
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  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 5
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '7910'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Quantum illumination uses entangled signal-idler photon pairs to boost the
    detection efficiency of low-reflectivity objects in environments with bright thermal
    noise. Its advantage is particularly evident at low signal powers, a promising
    feature for applications such as noninvasive biomedical scanning or low-power
    short-range radar. Here, we experimentally investigate the concept of quantum
    illumination at microwave frequencies. We generate entangled fields to illuminate
    a room-temperature object at a distance of 1 m in a free-space detection setup.
    We implement a digital phase-conjugate receiver based on linear quadrature measurements
    that outperforms a symmetric classical noise radar in the same conditions, despite
    the entanglement-breaking signal path. Starting from experimental data, we also
    simulate the case of perfect idler photon number detection, which results in a
    quantum advantage compared with the relative classical benchmark. Our results
    highlight the opportunities and challenges in the way toward a first room-temperature
    application of microwave quantum circuits.
article_number: eabb0451
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Shabir
  full_name: Barzanjeh, Shabir
  id: 2D25E1F6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Barzanjeh
  orcid: 0000-0003-0415-1423
- first_name: S.
  full_name: Pirandola, S.
  last_name: Pirandola
- first_name: D
  full_name: Vitali, D
  last_name: Vitali
- first_name: Johannes M
  full_name: Fink, Johannes M
  id: 4B591CBA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Fink
  orcid: 0000-0001-8112-028X
citation:
  ama: Barzanjeh S, Pirandola S, Vitali D, Fink JM. Microwave quantum illumination
    using a digital receiver. <i>Science Advances</i>. 2020;6(19). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abb0451">10.1126/sciadv.abb0451</a>
  apa: Barzanjeh, S., Pirandola, S., Vitali, D., &#38; Fink, J. M. (2020). Microwave
    quantum illumination using a digital receiver. <i>Science Advances</i>. AAAS.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abb0451">https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abb0451</a>
  chicago: Barzanjeh, Shabir, S. Pirandola, D Vitali, and Johannes M Fink. “Microwave
    Quantum Illumination Using a Digital Receiver.” <i>Science Advances</i>. AAAS,
    2020. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abb0451">https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abb0451</a>.
  ieee: S. Barzanjeh, S. Pirandola, D. Vitali, and J. M. Fink, “Microwave quantum
    illumination using a digital receiver,” <i>Science Advances</i>, vol. 6, no. 19.
    AAAS, 2020.
  ista: Barzanjeh S, Pirandola S, Vitali D, Fink JM. 2020. Microwave quantum illumination
    using a digital receiver. Science Advances. 6(19), eabb0451.
  mla: Barzanjeh, Shabir, et al. “Microwave Quantum Illumination Using a Digital Receiver.”
    <i>Science Advances</i>, vol. 6, no. 19, eabb0451, AAAS, 2020, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abb0451">10.1126/sciadv.abb0451</a>.
  short: S. Barzanjeh, S. Pirandola, D. Vitali, J.M. Fink, Science Advances 6 (2020).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2020-05-31T22:00:49Z
date_published: 2020-05-06T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-04-15T06:42:37Z
day: '06'
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: JoFi
doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abb0451
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '1908.03058'
  isi:
  - '000531171100045'
  pmid:
  - '32548249'
file:
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  checksum: 16fa61cc1951b444ee74c07188cda9da
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: dernst
  date_created: 2020-06-02T09:18:36Z
  date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:48:05Z
  file_id: '7913'
  file_name: 2020_ScienceAdvances_Barzanjeh.pdf
  file_size: 795822
  relation: main_file
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has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '         6'
isi: 1
issue: '19'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 26336814-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '758053'
  name: A Fiber Optic Transceiver for Superconducting Qubits
- _id: 237CBA6C-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '862644'
  name: Quantum readout techniques and technologies
- _id: 258047B6-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '707438'
  name: 'Microwave-to-Optical Quantum Link: Quantum Teleportation and Quantum Illumination
    with cavity Optomechanics'
- _id: 257EB838-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '732894'
  name: Hybrid Optomechanical Technologies
- _id: bdb108fd-d553-11ed-ba76-83dc74a9864f
  grant_number: F07105
  name: QUANTUM INFORMATION SYSTEMS BEYOND CLASSICAL CAPABILITIES / P5- Integration
    of Superconducting Quantum Circuits
publication: Science Advances
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 2375-2548
publication_status: published
publisher: AAAS
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
  link:
  - description: News on IST Homepage
    relation: press_release
    url: https://ist.ac.at/en/news/scientists-demonstrate-quantum-radar-prototype/
  record:
  - id: '9001'
    relation: later_version
    status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Microwave quantum illumination using a digital receiver
tmp:
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  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 6
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '9001'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Quantum illumination is a sensing technique that employs entangled signal-idler
    beams to improve the detection efficiency of low-reflectivity objects in environments
    with large thermal noise. The advantage over classical strategies is evident at
    low signal brightness, a feature which could make the protocol an ideal prototype
    for non-invasive scanning or low-power short-range radar. Here we experimentally
    investigate the concept of quantum illumination at microwave frequencies, by generating
    entangled fields using a Josephson parametric converter which are then amplified
    to illuminate a room-temperature object at a distance of 1 meter. Starting from
    experimental data, we simulate the case of perfect idler photon number detection,
    which results in a quantum advantage compared to the relative classical benchmark.
    Our results highlight the opportunities and challenges on the way towards a first
    room-temperature application of microwave quantum circuits.
acknowledgement: "This work was supported by the Institute of Science and Technology
  Austria (IST Austria), the European Research Council under grant agreement number
  758053 (ERC StG QUNNECT) and the EU’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme
  under grant agreement number 862644 (FET Open QUARTET). S.B. acknowledges support
  from the Marie Skłodowska Curie\r\nfellowship number 707438 (MSC-IF SUPEREOM), DV
  acknowledge support from EU’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under
  grant agreement number 732894 (FET Proactive HOT) and the Project QuaSeRT funded
  by the QuantERA ERANET Cofund in Quantum Technologies, and J.M.F from the Austrian
  Science Fund (FWF) through BeyondC (F71), a NOMIS foundation research grant, and
  the EU’s Horizon 2020 research and\r\ninnovation programme under grant agreement
  number 732894 (FET Proactive\r\nHOT)."
article_number: '9266397'
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Shabir
  full_name: Barzanjeh, Shabir
  id: 2D25E1F6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Barzanjeh
  orcid: 0000-0003-0415-1423
- first_name: Stefano
  full_name: Pirandola, Stefano
  last_name: Pirandola
- first_name: David
  full_name: Vitali, David
  last_name: Vitali
- first_name: Johannes M
  full_name: Fink, Johannes M
  id: 4B591CBA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Fink
  orcid: 0000-0001-8112-028X
citation:
  ama: 'Barzanjeh S, Pirandola S, Vitali D, Fink JM. Microwave quantum illumination
    with a digital phase-conjugated receiver. In: <i>IEEE National Radar Conference
    - Proceedings</i>. Vol 2020. IEEE; 2020. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/RadarConf2043947.2020.9266397">10.1109/RadarConf2043947.2020.9266397</a>'
  apa: 'Barzanjeh, S., Pirandola, S., Vitali, D., &#38; Fink, J. M. (2020). Microwave
    quantum illumination with a digital phase-conjugated receiver. In <i>IEEE National
    Radar Conference - Proceedings</i> (Vol. 2020). Florence, Italy: IEEE. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/RadarConf2043947.2020.9266397">https://doi.org/10.1109/RadarConf2043947.2020.9266397</a>'
  chicago: Barzanjeh, Shabir, Stefano Pirandola, David Vitali, and Johannes M Fink.
    “Microwave Quantum Illumination with a Digital Phase-Conjugated Receiver.” In
    <i>IEEE National Radar Conference - Proceedings</i>, Vol. 2020. IEEE, 2020. <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1109/RadarConf2043947.2020.9266397">https://doi.org/10.1109/RadarConf2043947.2020.9266397</a>.
  ieee: S. Barzanjeh, S. Pirandola, D. Vitali, and J. M. Fink, “Microwave quantum
    illumination with a digital phase-conjugated receiver,” in <i>IEEE National Radar
    Conference - Proceedings</i>, Florence, Italy, 2020, vol. 2020, no. 9.
  ista: 'Barzanjeh S, Pirandola S, Vitali D, Fink JM. 2020. Microwave quantum illumination
    with a digital phase-conjugated receiver. IEEE National Radar Conference - Proceedings.
    RadarConf: National Conference on Radar vol. 2020, 9266397.'
  mla: Barzanjeh, Shabir, et al. “Microwave Quantum Illumination with a Digital Phase-Conjugated
    Receiver.” <i>IEEE National Radar Conference - Proceedings</i>, vol. 2020, no.
    9, 9266397, IEEE, 2020, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/RadarConf2043947.2020.9266397">10.1109/RadarConf2043947.2020.9266397</a>.
  short: S. Barzanjeh, S. Pirandola, D. Vitali, J.M. Fink, in:, IEEE National Radar
    Conference - Proceedings, IEEE, 2020.
conference:
  end_date: 2020-09-25
  location: Florence, Italy
  name: 'RadarConf: National Conference on Radar'
  start_date: 2020-09-21
date_created: 2021-01-10T23:01:17Z
date_published: 2020-09-21T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-04-15T06:42:36Z
day: '21'
department:
- _id: JoFi
doi: 10.1109/RadarConf2043947.2020.9266397
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '1908.03058'
  isi:
  - '000612224900089'
intvolume: '      2020'
isi: 1
issue: '9'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.03058
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
project:
- _id: 26336814-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '758053'
  name: A Fiber Optic Transceiver for Superconducting Qubits
- _id: 237CBA6C-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '862644'
  name: Quantum readout techniques and technologies
- _id: 258047B6-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '707438'
  name: 'Microwave-to-Optical Quantum Link: Quantum Teleportation and Quantum Illumination
    with cavity Optomechanics'
- _id: 257EB838-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '732894'
  name: Hybrid Optomechanical Technologies
publication: IEEE National Radar Conference - Proceedings
publication_identifier:
  isbn:
  - '9781728189420'
  issn:
  - 1097-5659
publication_status: published
publisher: IEEE
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
  record:
  - id: '7910'
    relation: earlier_version
    status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Microwave quantum illumination with a digital phase-conjugated receiver
type: conference
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 2020
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '8529'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Practical quantum networks require low-loss and noise-resilient optical interconnects
    as well as non-Gaussian resources for entanglement distillation and distributed
    quantum computation. The latter could be provided by superconducting circuits
    but existing solutions to interface the microwave and optical domains lack either
    scalability or efficiency, and in most cases the conversion noise is not known.
    In this work we utilize the unique opportunities of silicon photonics, cavity
    optomechanics and superconducting circuits to demonstrate a fully integrated,
    coherent transducer interfacing the microwave X and the telecom S bands with a
    total (internal) bidirectional transduction efficiency of 1.2% (135%) at millikelvin
    temperatures. The coupling relies solely on the radiation pressure interaction
    mediated by the femtometer-scale motion of two silicon nanobeams reaching a <jats:italic>V</jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>π</jats:italic></jats:sub>
    as low as 16 μV for sub-nanowatt pump powers. Without the associated optomechanical
    gain, we achieve a total (internal) pure conversion efficiency of up to 0.019%
    (1.6%), relevant for future noise-free operation on this qubit-compatible platform.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: NanoFab
acknowledgement: We thank Yuan Chen for performing supplementary FEM simulations and
  Andrew Higginbotham, Ralf Riedinger, Sungkun Hong, and Lorenzo Magrini for valuable
  discussions. This work was supported by IST Austria, the IST nanofabrication facility
  (NFF), the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant
  agreement no. 732894 (FET Proactive HOT) and the European Research Council under
  grant agreement no. 758053 (ERC StG QUNNECT). G.A. is the recipient of a DOC fellowship
  of the Austrian Academy of Sciences at IST Austria. W.H. is the recipient of an
  ISTplus postdoctoral fellowship with funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020
  research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement
  no. 754411. J.M.F. acknowledges support from the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) through
  BeyondC (F71), a NOMIS foundation research grant, and the EU’s Horizon 2020 research
  and innovation program under grant agreement no. 862644 (FET Open QUARTET).
article_number: '4460'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Georg M
  full_name: Arnold, Georg M
  id: 3770C838-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Arnold
  orcid: 0000-0003-1397-7876
- first_name: Matthias
  full_name: Wulf, Matthias
  id: 45598606-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Wulf
  orcid: 0000-0001-6613-1378
- first_name: Shabir
  full_name: Barzanjeh, Shabir
  id: 2D25E1F6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Barzanjeh
  orcid: 0000-0003-0415-1423
- first_name: Elena
  full_name: Redchenko, Elena
  id: 2C21D6E8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Redchenko
- first_name: Alfredo R
  full_name: Rueda Sanchez, Alfredo R
  id: 3B82B0F8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Rueda Sanchez
  orcid: 0000-0001-6249-5860
- first_name: William J
  full_name: Hease, William J
  id: 29705398-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Hease
  orcid: 0000-0001-9868-2166
- first_name: Farid
  full_name: Hassani, Farid
  id: 2AED110C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Hassani
  orcid: 0000-0001-6937-5773
- first_name: Johannes M
  full_name: Fink, Johannes M
  id: 4B591CBA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Fink
  orcid: 0000-0001-8112-028X
citation:
  ama: Arnold GM, Wulf M, Barzanjeh S, et al. Converting microwave and telecom photons
    with a silicon photonic nanomechanical interface. <i>Nature Communications</i>.
    2020;11. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-18269-z">10.1038/s41467-020-18269-z</a>
  apa: Arnold, G. M., Wulf, M., Barzanjeh, S., Redchenko, E., Rueda Sanchez, A. R.,
    Hease, W. J., … Fink, J. M. (2020). Converting microwave and telecom photons with
    a silicon photonic nanomechanical interface. <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer
    Nature. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-18269-z">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-18269-z</a>
  chicago: Arnold, Georg M, Matthias Wulf, Shabir Barzanjeh, Elena Redchenko, Alfredo
    R Rueda Sanchez, William J Hease, Farid Hassani, and Johannes M Fink. “Converting
    Microwave and Telecom Photons with a Silicon Photonic Nanomechanical Interface.”
    <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature, 2020. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-18269-z">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-18269-z</a>.
  ieee: G. M. Arnold <i>et al.</i>, “Converting microwave and telecom photons with
    a silicon photonic nanomechanical interface,” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol.
    11. Springer Nature, 2020.
  ista: Arnold GM, Wulf M, Barzanjeh S, Redchenko E, Rueda Sanchez AR, Hease WJ, Hassani
    F, Fink JM. 2020. Converting microwave and telecom photons with a silicon photonic
    nanomechanical interface. Nature Communications. 11, 4460.
  mla: Arnold, Georg M., et al. “Converting Microwave and Telecom Photons with a Silicon
    Photonic Nanomechanical Interface.” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 11, 4460,
    Springer Nature, 2020, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-18269-z">10.1038/s41467-020-18269-z</a>.
  short: G.M. Arnold, M. Wulf, S. Barzanjeh, E. Redchenko, A.R. Rueda Sanchez, W.J.
    Hease, F. Hassani, J.M. Fink, Nature Communications 11 (2020).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2020-09-18T10:56:20Z
date_published: 2020-09-08T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-04-27T22:31:04Z
day: '08'
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: JoFi
doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-18269-z
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000577280200001'
  pmid:
  - '32901014'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: 88f92544889eb18bb38e25629a422a86
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: dernst
  date_created: 2020-09-18T13:02:37Z
  date_updated: 2020-09-18T13:02:37Z
  file_id: '8530'
  file_name: 2020_NatureComm_Arnold.pdf
  file_size: 1002818
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2020-09-18T13:02:37Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        11'
isi: 1
keyword:
- General Biochemistry
- Genetics and Molecular Biology
- General Physics and Astronomy
- General Chemistry
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 257EB838-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '732894'
  name: Hybrid Optomechanical Technologies
- _id: 26336814-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '758053'
  name: A Fiber Optic Transceiver for Superconducting Qubits
- _id: 260C2330-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '754411'
  name: ISTplus - Postdoctoral Fellowships
- _id: 237CBA6C-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '862644'
  name: Quantum readout techniques and technologies
- _id: 2671EB66-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  name: Coherent on-chip conversion of superconducting qubit signals from microwaves
    to optical frequencies
publication: Nature Communications
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2041-1723
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
  link:
  - relation: erratum
    url: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-18912-9
  - description: News on IST Homepage
    relation: press_release
    url: https://ist.ac.at/en/news/how-to-transport-microwave-quantum-information-via-optical-fiber/
  record:
  - id: '13056'
    relation: research_data
    status: public
  - id: '18871'
    relation: dissertation_contains
    status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Converting microwave and telecom photons with a silicon photonic nanomechanical
  interface
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 11
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '7156'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: We propose an efficient microwave-photonic modulator as a resource for stationary
    entangled microwave-optical fields and develop the theory for deterministic entanglement
    generation and quantum state transfer in multi-resonant electro-optic systems.
    The device is based on a single crystal whispering gallery mode resonator integrated
    into a 3D-microwave cavity. The specific design relies on a new combination of
    thin-film technology and conventional machining that is optimized for the lowest
    dissipation rates in the microwave, optical, and mechanical domains. We extract
    important device properties from finite-element simulations and predict continuous
    variable entanglement generation rates on the order of a Mebit/s for optical pump
    powers of only a few tens of microwatts. We compare the quantum state transfer
    fidelities of coherent, squeezed, and non-Gaussian cat states for both teleportation
    and direct conversion protocols under realistic conditions. Combining the unique
    capabilities of circuit quantum electrodynamics with the resilience of fiber optic
    communication could facilitate long-distance solid-state qubit networks, new methods
    for quantum signal synthesis, quantum key distribution, and quantum enhanced detection,
    as well as more power-efficient classical sensing and modulation.
article_number: '108'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Alfredo R
  full_name: Rueda Sanchez, Alfredo R
  id: 3B82B0F8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Rueda Sanchez
  orcid: 0000-0001-6249-5860
- first_name: William J
  full_name: Hease, William J
  id: 29705398-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Hease
  orcid: 0000-0001-9868-2166
- first_name: Shabir
  full_name: Barzanjeh, Shabir
  id: 2D25E1F6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Barzanjeh
  orcid: 0000-0003-0415-1423
- first_name: Johannes M
  full_name: Fink, Johannes M
  id: 4B591CBA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Fink
  orcid: 0000-0001-8112-028X
citation:
  ama: Rueda Sanchez AR, Hease WJ, Barzanjeh S, Fink JM. Electro-optic entanglement
    source for microwave to telecom quantum state transfer. <i>npj Quantum Information</i>.
    2019;5. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-019-0220-5">10.1038/s41534-019-0220-5</a>
  apa: Rueda Sanchez, A. R., Hease, W. J., Barzanjeh, S., &#38; Fink, J. M. (2019).
    Electro-optic entanglement source for microwave to telecom quantum state transfer.
    <i>Npj Quantum Information</i>. Springer Nature. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-019-0220-5">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-019-0220-5</a>
  chicago: Rueda Sanchez, Alfredo R, William J Hease, Shabir Barzanjeh, and Johannes
    M Fink. “Electro-Optic Entanglement Source for Microwave to Telecom Quantum State
    Transfer.” <i>Npj Quantum Information</i>. Springer Nature, 2019. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-019-0220-5">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-019-0220-5</a>.
  ieee: A. R. Rueda Sanchez, W. J. Hease, S. Barzanjeh, and J. M. Fink, “Electro-optic
    entanglement source for microwave to telecom quantum state transfer,” <i>npj Quantum
    Information</i>, vol. 5. Springer Nature, 2019.
  ista: Rueda Sanchez AR, Hease WJ, Barzanjeh S, Fink JM. 2019. Electro-optic entanglement
    source for microwave to telecom quantum state transfer. npj Quantum Information.
    5, 108.
  mla: Rueda Sanchez, Alfredo R., et al. “Electro-Optic Entanglement Source for Microwave
    to Telecom Quantum State Transfer.” <i>Npj Quantum Information</i>, vol. 5, 108,
    Springer Nature, 2019, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-019-0220-5">10.1038/s41534-019-0220-5</a>.
  short: A.R. Rueda Sanchez, W.J. Hease, S. Barzanjeh, J.M. Fink, Npj Quantum Information
    5 (2019).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2019-12-09T08:18:56Z
date_published: 2019-12-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-04-15T06:43:52Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: JoFi
doi: 10.1038/s41534-019-0220-5
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '1909.01470'
  isi:
  - '000502996200003'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: 13e0ea1d4f9b5f5710780d9473364f58
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: dernst
  date_created: 2019-12-09T08:25:06Z
  date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:50Z
  file_id: '7157'
  file_name: 2019_NPJ_Rueda.pdf
  file_size: 1580132
  relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:50Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '         5'
isi: 1
language:
- iso: eng
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: 26336814-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '758053'
  name: A Fiber Optic Transceiver for Superconducting Qubits
- _id: 258047B6-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '707438'
  name: 'Microwave-to-Optical Quantum Link: Quantum Teleportation and Quantum Illumination
    with cavity Optomechanics'
- _id: 257EB838-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '732894'
  name: Hybrid Optomechanical Technologies
- _id: bdb108fd-d553-11ed-ba76-83dc74a9864f
  grant_number: F07105
  name: QUANTUM INFORMATION SYSTEMS BEYOND CLASSICAL CAPABILITIES / P5- Integration
    of Superconducting Quantum Circuits
publication: npj Quantum Information
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2056-6387
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Electro-optic entanglement source for microwave to telecom quantum state transfer
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 5
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '6609'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Mechanical systems facilitate the development of a hybrid quantum technology
    comprising electrical, optical, atomic and acoustic degrees of freedom1, and entanglement
    is essential to realize quantum-enabled devices. Continuous-variable entangled
    fields—known as Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen (EPR) states—are spatially separated two-mode
    squeezed states that can be used for quantum teleportation and quantum communication2.
    In the optical domain, EPR states are typically generated using nondegenerate
    optical amplifiers3, and at microwave frequencies Josephson circuits can serve
    as a nonlinear medium4,5,6. An outstanding goal is to deterministically generate
    and distribute entangled states with a mechanical oscillator, which requires a
    carefully arranged balance between excitation, cooling and dissipation in an ultralow
    noise environment. Here we observe stationary emission of path-entangled microwave
    radiation from a parametrically driven 30-micrometre-long silicon nanostring oscillator,
    squeezing the joint field operators of two thermal modes by 3.40 decibels below
    the vacuum level. The motion of this micromechanical system correlates up to 50
    photons per second per hertz, giving rise to a quantum discord that is robust
    with respect to microwave noise7. Such generalized quantum correlations of separable
    states are important for quantum-enhanced detection8 and provide direct evidence
    of the non-classical nature of the mechanical oscillator without directly measuring
    its state9. This noninvasive measurement scheme allows to infer information about
    otherwise inaccessible objects, with potential implications for sensing, open-system
    dynamics and fundamental tests of quantum gravity. In the future, similar on-chip
    devices could be used to entangle subsystems on very different energy scales,
    such as microwave and optical photons.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: NanoFab
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Shabir
  full_name: Barzanjeh, Shabir
  id: 2D25E1F6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Barzanjeh
  orcid: 0000-0003-0415-1423
- first_name: Elena
  full_name: Redchenko, Elena
  id: 2C21D6E8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Redchenko
- first_name: Matilda
  full_name: Peruzzo, Matilda
  id: 3F920B30-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Peruzzo
  orcid: 0000-0002-3415-4628
- first_name: Matthias
  full_name: Wulf, Matthias
  id: 45598606-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Wulf
  orcid: 0000-0001-6613-1378
- first_name: Dylan
  full_name: Lewis, Dylan
  last_name: Lewis
- first_name: Georg M
  full_name: Arnold, Georg M
  id: 3770C838-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Arnold
  orcid: 0000-0003-1397-7876
- first_name: Johannes M
  full_name: Fink, Johannes M
  id: 4B591CBA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Fink
  orcid: 0000-0001-8112-028X
citation:
  ama: Barzanjeh S, Redchenko E, Peruzzo M, et al. Stationary entangled radiation
    from micromechanical motion. <i>Nature</i>. 2019;570:480-483. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1320-2">10.1038/s41586-019-1320-2</a>
  apa: Barzanjeh, S., Redchenko, E., Peruzzo, M., Wulf, M., Lewis, D., Arnold, G.
    M., &#38; Fink, J. M. (2019). Stationary entangled radiation from micromechanical
    motion. <i>Nature</i>. Nature Publishing Group. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1320-2">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1320-2</a>
  chicago: Barzanjeh, Shabir, Elena Redchenko, Matilda Peruzzo, Matthias Wulf, Dylan
    Lewis, Georg M Arnold, and Johannes M Fink. “Stationary Entangled Radiation from
    Micromechanical Motion.” <i>Nature</i>. Nature Publishing Group, 2019. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1320-2">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1320-2</a>.
  ieee: S. Barzanjeh <i>et al.</i>, “Stationary entangled radiation from micromechanical
    motion,” <i>Nature</i>, vol. 570. Nature Publishing Group, pp. 480–483, 2019.
  ista: Barzanjeh S, Redchenko E, Peruzzo M, Wulf M, Lewis D, Arnold GM, Fink JM.
    2019. Stationary entangled radiation from micromechanical motion. Nature. 570,
    480–483.
  mla: Barzanjeh, Shabir, et al. “Stationary Entangled Radiation from Micromechanical
    Motion.” <i>Nature</i>, vol. 570, Nature Publishing Group, 2019, pp. 480–83, doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1320-2">10.1038/s41586-019-1320-2</a>.
  short: S. Barzanjeh, E. Redchenko, M. Peruzzo, M. Wulf, D. Lewis, G.M. Arnold, J.M.
    Fink, Nature 570 (2019) 480–483.
date_created: 2019-07-07T21:59:20Z
date_published: 2019-06-27T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-04-27T22:31:04Z
day: '27'
department:
- _id: JoFi
doi: 10.1038/s41586-019-1320-2
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '1809.05865'
  isi:
  - '000472860000042'
intvolume: '       570'
isi: 1
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1809.05865
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 480-483
project:
- _id: 257EB838-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '732894'
  name: Hybrid Optomechanical Technologies
- _id: 26336814-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '758053'
  name: A Fiber Optic Transceiver for Superconducting Qubits
- _id: 258047B6-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '707438'
  name: 'Microwave-to-Optical Quantum Link: Quantum Teleportation and Quantum Illumination
    with cavity Optomechanics'
- _id: 2671EB66-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  name: Coherent on-chip conversion of superconducting qubit signals from microwaves
    to optical frequencies
publication: Nature
publication_status: published
publisher: Nature Publishing Group
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
  record:
  - id: '18871'
    relation: dissertation_contains
    status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Stationary entangled radiation from micromechanical motion
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 570
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '287'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: In this paper, we discuss biological effects of electromagnetic (EM) fields
    in the context of cancer biology. In particular, we review the nanomechanical
    properties of microtubules (MTs), the latter being one of the most successful
    targets for cancer therapy. We propose an investigation on the coupling of electromagnetic
    radiation to mechanical vibrations of MTs as an important basis for biological
    and medical applications. In our opinion, optomechanical methods can accurately
    monitor and control the mechanical properties of isolated MTs in a liquid environment.
    Consequently, studying nanomechanical properties of MTs may give useful information
    for future applications to diagnostic and therapeutic technologies involving non-invasive
    externally applied physical fields. For example, electromagnetic fields or high
    intensity ultrasound can be used therapeutically avoiding harmful side effects
    of chemotherapeutic agents or classical radiation therapy.
acknowledgement: The work of SB has been supported by the European Unions Horizon
  2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska Curie grant agreement
  No MSC-IF 707438 SUPEREOM. JAT gratefully acknowledges funding support from NSERC
  (Canada) for his research. MC acknowledges support from the Czech Science Foundation,
  projects 15-17102S and 17-11898S and he participates in COST Action BM1309, CA15211
  and bilateral exchange project between Czech and Slovak Academies of Sciences, SAV-15-22.
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Vahid
  full_name: Salari, Vahid
  last_name: Salari
- first_name: Shabir
  full_name: Barzanjeh, Shabir
  id: 2D25E1F6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Barzanjeh
  orcid: 0000-0003-0415-1423
- first_name: Michal
  full_name: Cifra, Michal
  last_name: Cifra
- first_name: Christoph
  full_name: Simon, Christoph
  last_name: Simon
- first_name: Felix
  full_name: Scholkmann, Felix
  last_name: Scholkmann
- first_name: Zahra
  full_name: Alirezaei, Zahra
  last_name: Alirezaei
- first_name: Jack
  full_name: Tuszynski, Jack
  last_name: Tuszynski
citation:
  ama: Salari V, Barzanjeh S, Cifra M, et al. Electromagnetic fields and optomechanics
    In cancer diagnostics and treatment. <i>Frontiers in Bioscience - Landmark</i>.
    2018;23(8):1391-1406. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.2741/4651">10.2741/4651</a>
  apa: Salari, V., Barzanjeh, S., Cifra, M., Simon, C., Scholkmann, F., Alirezaei,
    Z., &#38; Tuszynski, J. (2018). Electromagnetic fields and optomechanics In cancer
    diagnostics and treatment. <i>Frontiers in Bioscience - Landmark</i>. Frontiers
    in Bioscience. <a href="https://doi.org/10.2741/4651">https://doi.org/10.2741/4651</a>
  chicago: Salari, Vahid, Shabir Barzanjeh, Michal Cifra, Christoph Simon, Felix Scholkmann,
    Zahra Alirezaei, and Jack Tuszynski. “Electromagnetic Fields and Optomechanics
    In Cancer Diagnostics and Treatment.” <i>Frontiers in Bioscience - Landmark</i>.
    Frontiers in Bioscience, 2018. <a href="https://doi.org/10.2741/4651">https://doi.org/10.2741/4651</a>.
  ieee: V. Salari <i>et al.</i>, “Electromagnetic fields and optomechanics In cancer
    diagnostics and treatment,” <i>Frontiers in Bioscience - Landmark</i>, vol. 23,
    no. 8. Frontiers in Bioscience, pp. 1391–1406, 2018.
  ista: Salari V, Barzanjeh S, Cifra M, Simon C, Scholkmann F, Alirezaei Z, Tuszynski
    J. 2018. Electromagnetic fields and optomechanics In cancer diagnostics and treatment.
    Frontiers in Bioscience - Landmark. 23(8), 1391–1406.
  mla: Salari, Vahid, et al. “Electromagnetic Fields and Optomechanics In Cancer Diagnostics
    and Treatment.” <i>Frontiers in Bioscience - Landmark</i>, vol. 23, no. 8, Frontiers
    in Bioscience, 2018, pp. 1391–406, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.2741/4651">10.2741/4651</a>.
  short: V. Salari, S. Barzanjeh, M. Cifra, C. Simon, F. Scholkmann, Z. Alirezaei,
    J. Tuszynski, Frontiers in Bioscience - Landmark 23 (2018) 1391–1406.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:45:37Z
date_published: 2018-03-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-10-22T09:36:28Z
day: '01'
department:
- _id: JoFi
doi: 10.2741/4651
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000439042800001'
  pmid:
  - '29293441'
intvolume: '        23'
isi: 1
issue: '8'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://www.bioscience.org/2018/v23/af/4651/fulltext.htm
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Submitted Version
page: 1391 - 1406
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 258047B6-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '707438'
  name: 'Microwave-to-Optical Quantum Link: Quantum Teleportation and Quantum Illumination
    with cavity Optomechanics'
publication: Frontiers in Bioscience - Landmark
publication_status: published
publisher: Frontiers in Bioscience
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Electromagnetic fields and optomechanics In cancer diagnostics and treatment
type: journal_article
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
volume: 23
year: '2018'
...
---
_id: '155'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: There is currently significant interest in operating devices in the quantum
    regime, where their behaviour cannot be explained through classical mechanics.
    Quantum states, including entangled states, are fragile and easily disturbed by
    excessive thermal noise. Here we address the question of whether it is possible
    to create non-reciprocal devices that encourage the flow of thermal noise towards
    or away from a particular quantum device in a network. Our work makes use of the
    cascaded systems formalism to answer this question in the affirmative, showing
    how a three-port device can be used as an effective thermal transistor, and illustrates
    how this formalism maps onto an experimentally-realisable optomechanical system.
    Our results pave the way to more resilient quantum devices and to the use of thermal
    noise as a resource.
alternative_title:
- Proceedings of SPIE
article_number: 106721N
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: André
  full_name: Xuereb, André
  last_name: Xuereb
- first_name: Matteo
  full_name: Aquilina, Matteo
  last_name: Aquilina
- first_name: Shabir
  full_name: Barzanjeh, Shabir
  id: 2D25E1F6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Barzanjeh
  orcid: 0000-0003-0415-1423
citation:
  ama: 'Xuereb A, Aquilina M, Barzanjeh S. Routing thermal noise through quantum networks.
    In: Andrews DL, Ostendorf A, Bain AJ, Nunzi JM, eds. Vol 10672. SPIE; 2018. doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2309928">10.1117/12.2309928</a>'
  apa: 'Xuereb, A., Aquilina, M., &#38; Barzanjeh, S. (2018). Routing thermal noise
    through quantum networks. In D. L. Andrews, A. Ostendorf, A. J. Bain, &#38; J.
    M. Nunzi (Eds.) (Vol. 10672). Presented at the SPIE: The international society
    for optical engineering, Strasbourg, France: SPIE. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2309928">https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2309928</a>'
  chicago: Xuereb, André, Matteo Aquilina, and Shabir Barzanjeh. “Routing Thermal
    Noise through Quantum Networks.” edited by D L Andrews, A Ostendorf, A J Bain,
    and J M Nunzi, Vol. 10672. SPIE, 2018. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2309928">https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2309928</a>.
  ieee: 'A. Xuereb, M. Aquilina, and S. Barzanjeh, “Routing thermal noise through
    quantum networks,” presented at the SPIE: The international society for optical
    engineering, Strasbourg, France, 2018, vol. 10672.'
  ista: 'Xuereb A, Aquilina M, Barzanjeh S. 2018. Routing thermal noise through quantum
    networks. SPIE: The international society for optical engineering, Proceedings
    of SPIE, vol. 10672, 106721N.'
  mla: Xuereb, André, et al. <i>Routing Thermal Noise through Quantum Networks</i>.
    Edited by D L Andrews et al., vol. 10672, 106721N, SPIE, 2018, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2309928">10.1117/12.2309928</a>.
  short: A. Xuereb, M. Aquilina, S. Barzanjeh, in:, D.L. Andrews, A. Ostendorf, A.J.
    Bain, J.M. Nunzi (Eds.), SPIE, 2018.
conference:
  end_date: 2018-04-26
  location: Strasbourg, France
  name: 'SPIE: The international society for optical engineering'
  start_date: 2018-04-22
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:44:55Z
date_published: 2018-05-04T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-18T08:12:24Z
day: '04'
department:
- _id: JoFi
doi: 10.1117/12.2309928
editor:
- first_name: D L
  full_name: Andrews, D L
  last_name: Andrews
- first_name: A
  full_name: Ostendorf, A
  last_name: Ostendorf
- first_name: A J
  full_name: Bain, A J
  last_name: Bain
- first_name: J M
  full_name: Nunzi, J M
  last_name: Nunzi
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '1806.01000'
  isi:
  - '000453298500019'
intvolume: '     10672'
isi: 1
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1806.01000
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
publication_status: published
publisher: SPIE
publist_id: '7766'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Routing thermal noise through quantum networks
type: conference
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
volume: 10672
year: '2018'
...
---
_id: '436'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: There has been significant interest recently in using complex quantum systems
    to create effective nonreciprocal dynamics. Proposals have been put forward for
    the realization of artificial magnetic fields for photons and phonons; experimental
    progress is fast making these proposals a reality. Much work has concentrated
    on the use of such systems for controlling the flow of signals, e.g., to create
    isolators or directional amplifiers for optical signals. In this Letter, we build
    on this work but move in a different direction. We develop the theory of and discuss
    a potential realization for the controllable flow of thermal noise in quantum
    systems. We demonstrate theoretically that the unidirectional flow of thermal
    noise is possible within quantum cascaded systems. Viewing an optomechanical platform
    as a cascaded system we show here that one can ultimately control the direction
    of the flow of thermal noise. By appropriately engineering the mechanical resonator,
    which acts as an artificial reservoir, the flow of thermal noise can be constrained
    to a desired direction, yielding a thermal rectifier. The proposed quantum thermal
    noise rectifier could potentially be used to develop devices such as a thermal
    modulator, a thermal router, and a thermal amplifier for nanoelectronic devices
    and superconducting circuits.
article_number: '060601 '
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Shabir
  full_name: Barzanjeh, Shabir
  id: 2D25E1F6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Barzanjeh
  orcid: 0000-0003-0415-1423
- first_name: Matteo
  full_name: Aquilina, Matteo
  last_name: Aquilina
- first_name: André
  full_name: Xuereb, André
  last_name: Xuereb
citation:
  ama: Barzanjeh S, Aquilina M, Xuereb A. Manipulating the flow of thermal noise in
    quantum devices. <i>Physical Review Letters</i>. 2018;120(6). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.060601">10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.060601</a>
  apa: Barzanjeh, S., Aquilina, M., &#38; Xuereb, A. (2018). Manipulating the flow
    of thermal noise in quantum devices. <i>Physical Review Letters</i>. American
    Physical Society. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.060601">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.060601</a>
  chicago: Barzanjeh, Shabir, Matteo Aquilina, and André Xuereb. “Manipulating the
    Flow of Thermal Noise in Quantum Devices.” <i>Physical Review Letters</i>. American
    Physical Society, 2018. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.060601">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.060601</a>.
  ieee: S. Barzanjeh, M. Aquilina, and A. Xuereb, “Manipulating the flow of thermal
    noise in quantum devices,” <i>Physical Review Letters</i>, vol. 120, no. 6. American
    Physical Society, 2018.
  ista: Barzanjeh S, Aquilina M, Xuereb A. 2018. Manipulating the flow of thermal
    noise in quantum devices. Physical Review Letters. 120(6), 060601.
  mla: Barzanjeh, Shabir, et al. “Manipulating the Flow of Thermal Noise in Quantum
    Devices.” <i>Physical Review Letters</i>, vol. 120, no. 6, 060601, American Physical
    Society, 2018, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.060601">10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.060601</a>.
  short: S. Barzanjeh, M. Aquilina, A. Xuereb, Physical Review Letters 120 (2018).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:46:28Z
date_published: 2018-02-07T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-10-22T09:36:24Z
day: '07'
department:
- _id: JoFi
doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.060601
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '1706.09051'
  isi:
  - '000424382100004'
intvolume: '       120'
isi: 1
issue: '6'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1706.09051
month: '02'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
project:
- _id: 257EB838-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '732894'
  name: Hybrid Optomechanical Technologies
- _id: 258047B6-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '707438'
  name: 'Microwave-to-Optical Quantum Link: Quantum Teleportation and Quantum Illumination
    with cavity Optomechanics'
publication: Physical Review Letters
publication_status: published
publisher: American Physical Society
publist_id: '7387'
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
  link:
  - description: News on IST Homepage
    relation: press_release
    url: https://ist.ac.at/en/news/interference-as-a-new-method-for-cooling-quantum-devices/
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Manipulating the flow of thermal noise in quantum devices
type: journal_article
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
volume: 120
year: '2018'
...
---
_id: '798'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Nonreciprocal circuit elements form an integral part of modern measurement
    and communication systems. Mathematically they require breaking of time-reversal
    symmetry, typically achieved using magnetic materials and more recently using
    the quantum Hall effect, parametric permittivity modulation or Josephson nonlinearities.
    Here we demonstrate an on-chip magnetic-free circulator based on reservoir-engineered
    electromechanic interactions. Directional circulation is achieved with controlled
    phase-sensitive interference of six distinct electro-mechanical signal conversion
    paths. The presented circulator is compact, its silicon-on-insulator platform
    is compatible with both superconducting qubits and silicon photonics, and its
    noise performance is close to the quantum limit. With a high dynamic range, a
    tunable bandwidth of up to 30 MHz and an in situ reconfigurability as beam splitter
    or wavelength converter, it could pave the way for superconducting qubit processors
    with multiplexed on-chip signal processing and readout.
article_number: '1304'
article_processing_charge: Yes (in subscription journal)
author:
- first_name: Shabir
  full_name: Barzanjeh, Shabir
  id: 2D25E1F6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Barzanjeh
  orcid: 0000-0003-0415-1423
- first_name: Matthias
  full_name: Wulf, Matthias
  id: 45598606-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Wulf
  orcid: 0000-0001-6613-1378
- first_name: Matilda
  full_name: Peruzzo, Matilda
  id: 3F920B30-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Peruzzo
  orcid: 0000-0002-3415-4628
- first_name: Mahmoud
  full_name: Kalaee, Mahmoud
  last_name: Kalaee
- first_name: Paul
  full_name: Dieterle, Paul
  last_name: Dieterle
- first_name: Oskar
  full_name: Painter, Oskar
  last_name: Painter
- first_name: Johannes M
  full_name: Fink, Johannes M
  id: 4B591CBA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Fink
  orcid: 0000-0001-8112-028X
citation:
  ama: Barzanjeh S, Wulf M, Peruzzo M, et al. Mechanical on chip microwave circulator.
    <i>Nature Communications</i>. 2017;8(1). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-01304-x">10.1038/s41467-017-01304-x</a>
  apa: Barzanjeh, S., Wulf, M., Peruzzo, M., Kalaee, M., Dieterle, P., Painter, O.,
    &#38; Fink, J. M. (2017). Mechanical on chip microwave circulator. <i>Nature Communications</i>.
    Nature Publishing Group. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-01304-x">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-01304-x</a>
  chicago: Barzanjeh, Shabir, Matthias Wulf, Matilda Peruzzo, Mahmoud Kalaee, Paul
    Dieterle, Oskar Painter, and Johannes M Fink. “Mechanical on Chip Microwave Circulator.”
    <i>Nature Communications</i>. Nature Publishing Group, 2017. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-01304-x">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-01304-x</a>.
  ieee: S. Barzanjeh <i>et al.</i>, “Mechanical on chip microwave circulator,” <i>Nature
    Communications</i>, vol. 8, no. 1. Nature Publishing Group, 2017.
  ista: Barzanjeh S, Wulf M, Peruzzo M, Kalaee M, Dieterle P, Painter O, Fink JM.
    2017. Mechanical on chip microwave circulator. Nature Communications. 8(1), 1304.
  mla: Barzanjeh, Shabir, et al. “Mechanical on Chip Microwave Circulator.” <i>Nature
    Communications</i>, vol. 8, no. 1, 1304, Nature Publishing Group, 2017, doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-01304-x">10.1038/s41467-017-01304-x</a>.
  short: S. Barzanjeh, M. Wulf, M. Peruzzo, M. Kalaee, P. Dieterle, O. Painter, J.M.
    Fink, Nature Communications 8 (2017).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:48:33Z
date_published: 2017-10-16T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-07-10T11:54:54Z
day: '16'
ddc:
- '539'
department:
- _id: JoFi
doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-01304-x
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000412999700021'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: b68dafa71d1834c23b742cd9987a3d5f
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: system
  date_created: 2018-12-12T10:15:25Z
  date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:48:06Z
  file_id: '5145'
  file_name: IST-2017-867-v1+1_s41467-017-01304-x.pdf
  file_size: 1467696
  relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:48:06Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '         8'
isi: 1
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: 257EB838-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '732894'
  name: Hybrid Optomechanical Technologies
- _id: 258047B6-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '707438'
  name: 'Microwave-to-Optical Quantum Link: Quantum Teleportation and Quantum Illumination
    with cavity Optomechanics'
publication: Nature Communications
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2041-1723
publication_status: published
publisher: Nature Publishing Group
publist_id: '6855'
pubrep_id: '867'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Mechanical on chip microwave circulator
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 8
year: '2017'
...
---
_id: '700'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Microtubules provide the mechanical force required for chromosome separation
    during mitosis. However, little is known about the dynamic (high-frequency) mechanical
    properties of microtubules. Here, we theoretically propose to control the vibrations
    of a doubly clamped microtubule by tip electrodes and to detect its motion via
    the optomechanical coupling between the vibrational modes of the microtubule and
    an optical cavity. In the presence of a red-detuned strong pump laser, this coupling
    leads to optomechanical-induced transparency of an optical probe field, which
    can be detected with state-of-the art technology. The center frequency and line
    width of the transparency peak give the resonance frequency and damping rate of
    the microtubule, respectively, while the height of the peak reveals information
    about the microtubule-cavity field coupling. Our method opens the new possibilities
    to gain information about the physical properties of microtubules, which will
    enhance our capability to design physical cancer treatment protocols as alternatives
    to chemotherapeutic drugs.
article_number: '012404'
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Shabir
  full_name: Barzanjeh, Shabir
  id: 2D25E1F6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Barzanjeh
  orcid: 0000-0003-0415-1423
- first_name: Vahid
  full_name: Salari, Vahid
  last_name: Salari
- first_name: Jack
  full_name: Tuszynski, Jack
  last_name: Tuszynski
- first_name: Michal
  full_name: Cifra, Michal
  last_name: Cifra
- first_name: Christoph
  full_name: Simon, Christoph
  last_name: Simon
citation:
  ama: Barzanjeh S, Salari V, Tuszynski J, Cifra M, Simon C. Optomechanical proposal
    for monitoring microtubule mechanical vibrations. <i> Physical Review E Statistical
    Nonlinear and Soft Matter Physics </i>. 2017;96(1). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.96.012404">10.1103/PhysRevE.96.012404</a>
  apa: Barzanjeh, S., Salari, V., Tuszynski, J., Cifra, M., &#38; Simon, C. (2017).
    Optomechanical proposal for monitoring microtubule mechanical vibrations. <i>
    Physical Review E Statistical Nonlinear and Soft Matter Physics </i>. American
    Institute of Physics. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.96.012404">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.96.012404</a>
  chicago: Barzanjeh, Shabir, Vahid Salari, Jack Tuszynski, Michal Cifra, and Christoph
    Simon. “Optomechanical Proposal for Monitoring Microtubule Mechanical Vibrations.”
    <i> Physical Review E Statistical Nonlinear and Soft Matter Physics </i>. American
    Institute of Physics, 2017. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.96.012404">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.96.012404</a>.
  ieee: S. Barzanjeh, V. Salari, J. Tuszynski, M. Cifra, and C. Simon, “Optomechanical
    proposal for monitoring microtubule mechanical vibrations,” <i> Physical Review
    E Statistical Nonlinear and Soft Matter Physics </i>, vol. 96, no. 1. American
    Institute of Physics, 2017.
  ista: Barzanjeh S, Salari V, Tuszynski J, Cifra M, Simon C. 2017. Optomechanical
    proposal for monitoring microtubule mechanical vibrations.  Physical Review E
    Statistical Nonlinear and Soft Matter Physics . 96(1), 012404.
  mla: Barzanjeh, Shabir, et al. “Optomechanical Proposal for Monitoring Microtubule
    Mechanical Vibrations.” <i> Physical Review E Statistical Nonlinear and Soft Matter
    Physics </i>, vol. 96, no. 1, 012404, American Institute of Physics, 2017, doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.96.012404">10.1103/PhysRevE.96.012404</a>.
  short: S. Barzanjeh, V. Salari, J. Tuszynski, M. Cifra, C. Simon,  Physical Review
    E Statistical Nonlinear and Soft Matter Physics  96 (2017).
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:48:00Z
date_published: 2017-07-12T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-09-10T11:08:33Z
day: '12'
department:
- _id: JoFi
doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.96.012404
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '1612.07061'
  isi:
  - '000405367200012'
intvolume: '        96'
isi: 1
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1612.07061
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Submitted Version
project:
- _id: 258047B6-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '707438'
  name: 'Microwave-to-Optical Quantum Link: Quantum Teleportation and Quantum Illumination
    with cavity Optomechanics'
publication: ' Physical Review E Statistical Nonlinear and Soft Matter Physics '
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2470-0045
publication_status: published
publisher: American Institute of Physics
publist_id: '6997'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Optomechanical proposal for monitoring microtubule mechanical vibrations
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 96
year: '2017'
...
---
_id: '1339'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "We present a microelectromechanical system, in which a silicon beam is attached
    to a comb-drive\r\nactuator, which is used to tune the tension in the silicon
    beam and thus its resonance frequency. By\r\nmeasuring the resonance frequencies
    of the system, we show that the comb-drive actuator and the\r\nsilicon beam behave
    as two strongly coupled resonators. Interestingly, the effective coupling rate\r\n(1.5
    MHz) is tunable with the comb-drive actuator (10%) as well as with a side-gate
    (10%)\r\nplaced close to the silicon beam. In contrast, the effective spring constant
    of the system is insensitive\r\nto either of them and changes only by 60.5%. Finally,
    we show that the comb-drive actuator\r\ncan be used to switch between different
    coupling rates with a frequency of at least 10 kHz.\r\n"
acknowledgement: We acknowledge the support from the Helmholtz Nanoelectronic Facility
  (HNF) and funding from the ERC (GA-Nr. 280140).
article_number: '143507'
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Gerard
  full_name: Verbiest, Gerard
  last_name: Verbiest
- first_name: Duo
  full_name: Xu, Duo
  id: 3454D55E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Xu
- first_name: Matthias
  full_name: Goldsche, Matthias
  last_name: Goldsche
- first_name: Timofiy
  full_name: Khodkov, Timofiy
  last_name: Khodkov
- first_name: Shabir
  full_name: Barzanjeh, Shabir
  id: 2D25E1F6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Barzanjeh
  orcid: 0000-0003-0415-1423
- first_name: Nils
  full_name: Von Den Driesch, Nils
  last_name: Von Den Driesch
- first_name: Dan
  full_name: Buca, Dan
  last_name: Buca
- first_name: Christoph
  full_name: Stampfer, Christoph
  last_name: Stampfer
citation:
  ama: Verbiest G, Xu D, Goldsche M, et al. Tunable mechanical coupling between driven
    microelectromechanical resonators. <i>Applied  Physics Letter</i>. 2016;109. doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4964122">10.1063/1.4964122</a>
  apa: Verbiest, G., Xu, D., Goldsche, M., Khodkov, T., Barzanjeh, S., Von Den Driesch,
    N., … Stampfer, C. (2016). Tunable mechanical coupling between driven microelectromechanical
    resonators. <i>Applied  Physics Letter</i>. American Institute of Physics. <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4964122">https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4964122</a>
  chicago: Verbiest, Gerard, Duo Xu, Matthias Goldsche, Timofiy Khodkov, Shabir Barzanjeh,
    Nils Von Den Driesch, Dan Buca, and Christoph Stampfer. “Tunable Mechanical Coupling
    between Driven Microelectromechanical Resonators.” <i>Applied  Physics Letter</i>.
    American Institute of Physics, 2016. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4964122">https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4964122</a>.
  ieee: G. Verbiest <i>et al.</i>, “Tunable mechanical coupling between driven microelectromechanical
    resonators,” <i>Applied  Physics Letter</i>, vol. 109. American Institute of Physics,
    2016.
  ista: Verbiest G, Xu D, Goldsche M, Khodkov T, Barzanjeh S, Von Den Driesch N, Buca
    D, Stampfer C. 2016. Tunable mechanical coupling between driven microelectromechanical
    resonators. Applied  Physics Letter. 109, 143507.
  mla: Verbiest, Gerard, et al. “Tunable Mechanical Coupling between Driven Microelectromechanical
    Resonators.” <i>Applied  Physics Letter</i>, vol. 109, 143507, American Institute
    of Physics, 2016, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4964122">10.1063/1.4964122</a>.
  short: G. Verbiest, D. Xu, M. Goldsche, T. Khodkov, S. Barzanjeh, N. Von Den Driesch,
    D. Buca, C. Stampfer, Applied  Physics Letter 109 (2016).
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:51:28Z
date_published: 2016-10-04T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-09-22T08:19:01Z
day: '04'
department:
- _id: JoFi
doi: 10.1063/1.4964122
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '1607.04406'
  isi:
  - '000386152800065'
intvolume: '       109'
isi: 1
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04406
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
publication: Applied  Physics Letter
publication_status: published
publisher: American Institute of Physics
publist_id: '5928'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Tunable mechanical coupling between driven microelectromechanical resonators
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 109
year: '2016'
...
---
_id: '1370'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'We study coherent phonon oscillations and tunneling between two coupled nonlinear
    nanomechanical resonators. We show that the coupling between two nanomechanical
    resonators creates an effective phonon Josephson junction, which exhibits two
    different dynamical behaviors: Josephson oscillation (phonon-Rabi oscillation)
    and macroscopic self-trapping (phonon blockade). Self-trapping originates from
    mechanical nonlinearities, meaning that when the nonlinearity exceeds its critical
    value, the energy exchange between the two resonators is suppressed, and phonon
    Josephson oscillations between them are completely blocked. An effective classical
    Hamiltonian for the phonon Josephson junction is derived and its mean-field dynamics
    is studied in phase space. Finally, we study the phonon-phonon coherence quantified
    by the mean fringe visibility, and show that the interaction between the two resonators
    may lead to the loss of coherence in the phononic junction.'
acknowledgement: 'The work of S.B. has been supported by the European Commission (Belgium)
  via the SCALEQIT program and by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation.  '
article_number: '033846'
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Shabir
  full_name: Barzanjeh, Shabir
  id: 2D25E1F6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Barzanjeh
  orcid: 0000-0003-0415-1423
- first_name: David
  full_name: Vitali, David
  last_name: Vitali
citation:
  ama: Barzanjeh S, Vitali D. Phonon Josephson junction with nanomechanical resonators.
    <i>Physical Review A - Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics</i>. 2016;93(3).
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.93.033846">10.1103/PhysRevA.93.033846</a>
  apa: Barzanjeh, S., &#38; Vitali, D. (2016). Phonon Josephson junction with nanomechanical
    resonators. <i>Physical Review A - Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics</i>.
    American Physical Society. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.93.033846">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.93.033846</a>
  chicago: Barzanjeh, Shabir, and David Vitali. “Phonon Josephson Junction with Nanomechanical
    Resonators.” <i>Physical Review A - Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics</i>.
    American Physical Society, 2016. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.93.033846">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.93.033846</a>.
  ieee: S. Barzanjeh and D. Vitali, “Phonon Josephson junction with nanomechanical
    resonators,” <i>Physical Review A - Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics</i>,
    vol. 93, no. 3. American Physical Society, 2016.
  ista: Barzanjeh S, Vitali D. 2016. Phonon Josephson junction with nanomechanical
    resonators. Physical Review A - Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics. 93(3),
    033846.
  mla: Barzanjeh, Shabir, and David Vitali. “Phonon Josephson Junction with Nanomechanical
    Resonators.” <i>Physical Review A - Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics</i>,
    vol. 93, no. 3, 033846, American Physical Society, 2016, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.93.033846">10.1103/PhysRevA.93.033846</a>.
  short: S. Barzanjeh, D. Vitali, Physical Review A - Atomic, Molecular, and Optical
    Physics 93 (2016).
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:51:38Z
date_published: 2016-03-28T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-09-22T07:37:17Z
day: '28'
department:
- _id: JoFi
doi: 10.1103/PhysRevA.93.033846
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '1601.01818'
  isi:
  - '000372797700010'
intvolume: '        93'
isi: 1
issue: '3'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: http://arxiv.org/abs/1601.01818
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
publication: Physical Review A - Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics
publication_status: published
publisher: American Physical Society
publist_id: '5841'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Phonon Josephson junction with nanomechanical resonators
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 93
year: '2016'
...
