[{"acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"ScienComp"}],"date_updated":"2026-04-16T08:29:34Z","file_date_updated":"2025-04-30T15:49:16Z","ec_funded":1,"status":"public","page":"106","has_accepted_license":"1","citation":{"mla":"Synak, Peter. <i>Methods for Fluid Simulation, Surface Tracking, and Statistics of Non-Manifold Structures</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-19630\">10.15479/AT-ISTA-19630</a>.","short":"P. Synak, Methods for Fluid Simulation, Surface Tracking, and Statistics of Non-Manifold Structures, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025.","ieee":"P. Synak, “Methods for fluid simulation, surface tracking, and statistics of non-manifold structures,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025.","apa":"Synak, P. (2025). <i>Methods for fluid simulation, surface tracking, and statistics of non-manifold structures</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-19630\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-19630</a>","ama":"Synak P. Methods for fluid simulation, surface tracking, and statistics of non-manifold structures. 2025. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-19630\">10.15479/AT-ISTA-19630</a>","ista":"Synak P. 2025. Methods for fluid simulation, surface tracking, and statistics of non-manifold structures. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","chicago":"Synak, Peter. “Methods for Fluid Simulation, Surface Tracking, and Statistics of Non-Manifold Structures.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-19630\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-19630</a>."},"day":"29","type":"dissertation","abstract":[{"text":"This thesis consists of three chapters, each corresponding to one publication. While each of these projects tackles a topic in a different area of research, they all share a common thread in the type of topological structure they handle - a partition of space into volumes separated by interfaces that meet in non-manifold junctions.\r\n\r\nIn Chapter 2, we study clusters of soap bubbles from a simulation perspective. In particular, we develop a surface-only algorithm that couples large scale motion and shape deformation of soap bubble clusters with the small scale evolution of the thin film's thickness, which is responsible for visual phenomena like surface vortices, Newton's interference patterns, capillary waves, and deformation-dependent rupturing of films in a foam. We model film thickness as a reduced degree of freedom in the Navier-Stokes equations and from them derive three sets of equations governing normal and tangential motion of the soap film surface, as well as the evolution of the thin film thickness. We discretize these equations on a non-manifold triangle mesh, extending and adapting operators to handle complex topology. We also present an incompressible fluid solver for 2.5D films and an advection algorithm for convecting fields across non-manifold surface junctions. Our simulations enhance bubble solvers with additional effects caused by convection, rippling, draining, and evaporation of the thin film.\r\n\r\nIn Chapter 3, we introduce a multi-material non-manifold mesh-based surface tracking algorithm that converts mesh defects, such as overlaps, self-intersections, and inversions into topological changes. Our algorithm generalizes prior work on manifold surface tracking with topological changes: it preserves surface features like mesh-based methods, and it robustly handles topological changes like level set methods. Our method also offers improved efficiency and robustness over the state of the art. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach on a range of examples, including complex soap film simulations, such as those presented in Chapter 2, but with an order of magnitude more interacting bubbles than what we could achieve before, and Boolean unions of non-manifold meshes consisting of millions of triangles.\r\n\r\nLastly, in Chapter 4, we utilize developments in the theory of random geometric complexes facilitated by observations from Discrete Morse theory. We survey the methods and results obtained with this new approach, and discuss some of its shortcomings. We use simulations to illustrate the results and to form conjectures, getting numerical estimates for combinatorial, topological, and geometric properties of weighted and unweighted Delaunay mosaics, their dual Voronoi tessellations, and the Alpha and Wrap complexes contained in the mosaics.","lang":"eng"}],"_id":"19630","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_published":"2025-04-29T00:00:00Z","OA_place":"publisher","year":"2025","ddc":["519","006"],"user_id":"ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd","project":[{"name":"Big Splash: Efficient Simulation of Natural Phenomena at Extremely Large Scales","_id":"2533E772-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"H2020","grant_number":"638176"},{"name":"Computational Discovery of Numerical Algorithms for Animation and Simulation of Natural Phenomena","_id":"34bc2376-11ca-11ed-8bc3-9a3b3961a088","grant_number":"101045083"},{"name":"Alpha Shape Theory Extended","_id":"266A2E9E-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"H2020","grant_number":"788183"},{"_id":"2533E772-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"H2020","grant_number":"638176","name":"Big Splash: Efficient Simulation of Natural Phenomena at Extremely Large Scales"},{"grant_number":"I02979-N35","call_identifier":"FWF","_id":"2561EBF4-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"Persistence and stability of geometric complexes"}],"department":[{"_id":"ChWo"},{"_id":"GradSch"}],"month":"04","author":[{"last_name":"Synak","full_name":"Synak, Peter","first_name":"Peter","id":"331776E2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}],"degree_awarded":"PhD","acknowledgement":"The project in Chapter 2 has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 638176. The project in Chapter 3 was funded in part by the European Union (ERC-2021-COG 101045083 CoDiNA). The project in Chapter 4 has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreements No 78818 Alpha and No 638176). It was also partially supported by the DFG Collaborative Research Center TRR 109, 'Discretization in Geometry and Dynamics', through grant no. I02979-N35 of the Austrian Science Fund (FWF). Thank you for providing funds to support my work.","oa":1,"doi":"10.15479/AT-ISTA-19630","related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"part_of_dissertation","id":"8135","status":"public"},{"relation":"part_of_dissertation","status":"public","id":"17219"},{"relation":"part_of_dissertation","id":"8384","status":"public"}]},"publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","corr_author":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","file":[{"content_type":"application/x-zip-compressed","file_size":60670543,"date_created":"2025-04-30T14:02:25Z","access_level":"closed","file_id":"19633","date_updated":"2025-04-30T14:02:25Z","creator":"cchlebak","relation":"source_file","checksum":"f00b519c27529daa0c3b2d4102b4fa7b","file_name":"Thesis_source_Heiss_Synak.zip"},{"date_updated":"2025-04-30T15:49:16Z","creator":"cchlebak","file_id":"19634","relation":"main_file","checksum":"6e40a2fd3b1b881af1385670854a682e","file_name":"Thesis_PDFA_Heiss_Synak.pdf","content_type":"application/pdf","file_size":21319043,"date_created":"2025-04-30T14:02:42Z","access_level":"open_access"}],"publication_status":"published","supervisor":[{"orcid":"0000-0001-6646-5546","id":"3C61F1D2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Christopher J","full_name":"Wojtan, Christopher J","last_name":"Wojtan"}],"oa_version":"Published Version","alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"title":"Methods for fluid simulation, surface tracking, and statistics of non-manifold structures","date_created":"2025-04-29T09:39:34Z","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2663-337X"]}},{"author":[{"last_name":"Synak","full_name":"Synak, Peter","id":"331776E2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Peter"},{"full_name":"Kalinov, Aleksei","last_name":"Kalinov","id":"44b7120e-eb97-11eb-a6c2-e1557aa81d02","first_name":"Aleksei","orcid":"0000-0003-2189-3904"},{"first_name":"Irina-Malina","id":"2afc607f-f128-11eb-9611-8f2a0dfcf074","full_name":"Strugaru, Irina-Malina","last_name":"Strugaru"},{"full_name":"Etemadihaghighi, Arian","last_name":"Etemadihaghighi","first_name":"Arian","id":"36cea3aa-f38e-11ec-8ae0-c65ae6f6098f"},{"first_name":"Huidong","full_name":"Yang, Huidong","last_name":"Yang"},{"orcid":"0000-0001-6646-5546","first_name":"Christopher J","id":"3C61F1D2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Wojtan, Christopher J","last_name":"Wojtan"}],"volume":43,"project":[{"_id":"34bc2376-11ca-11ed-8bc3-9a3b3961a088","grant_number":"101045083","name":"Computational Discovery of Numerical Algorithms for Animation and Simulation of Natural Phenomena"}],"article_type":"original","month":"07","department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"ChWo"}],"acknowledgement":"Peter Heiss-Synak helped conceive the project, helped formulate the algorithm structure, contributed ideas and code to Sections 6 & 8, the mesh data structure, algorithm robustness and benchmarks, helped write the paper, and provided supervision and conceptual solutions throughout the project. Aleksei Kalinov contributed ideas and code to Sections 7, 8.5, and 5, the sparse grid data structure, algorithm robustness and benchmarks, optimized the performance, produced all results, most figures, and the supplementary video, helped write the text, and provided conceptual solutions throughout the project. Malina Strugaru helped implement the mesh data structure and designed re-meshing operations for non-manifold triangle meshes. Arian Etemadi developed early prototypes for ideas in Sections 8.1 and 8.3 and helped write the paper. Huidong Yang developed early prototypes for isosurface extraction and visualization. Chris Wojtan helped conceive the project, helped write the paper, and provided supervision, prototype grid data structure code, and conceptual solutions throughout the project. We thank the anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments, the members of the Visual Computing Group at ISTA for their feedback, Christopher Batty for discussions about LosTopos, and SideFX for the Houdini Education software licenses.  This research was funded in part by the European Union (ERC-2021-COG 101045083 CoDiNA).","doi":"10.1145/3658223","oa":1,"related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"dissertation_contains","status":"public","id":"19630"},{"relation":"dissertation_contains","status":"public","id":"18301"}]},"corr_author":"1","tmp":{"short":"CC BY-NC-SA (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by_nc_sa.png","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)"},"article_processing_charge":"Yes (via OA deal)","publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery","file":[{"file_id":"17317","creator":"dernst","relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2024-07-23T06:35:15Z","checksum":"1917067d4b52d7729019b03560004e43","file_name":"2024_ACMToG_HeissSynak.pdf","content_type":"application/pdf","success":1,"date_created":"2024-07-23T06:35:15Z","file_size":48763368,"access_level":"open_access"},{"content_type":"video/mp4","success":1,"file_size":48021463,"date_created":"2024-07-10T12:23:44Z","access_level":"open_access","relation":"main_file","file_id":"17221","creator":"akalinov","date_updated":"2024-07-10T12:23:44Z","checksum":"a4f0e293184bfa034c0c585848806b17","file_name":"sdtopofixer_final.mp4"},{"checksum":"18fc310a78ec91651148c45a8b89fa44","file_name":"SuperDuperTopoFixer.pdf","file_id":"20633","date_updated":"2025-11-11T09:50:52Z","creator":"akalinov","relation":"preprint","access_level":"open_access","content_type":"application/pdf","title":"Authors' version of the text","file_size":48639581,"date_created":"2025-11-11T09:50:52Z"}],"publication_status":"published","date_created":"2024-07-10T12:24:00Z","title":"Multi-material mesh-based surface tracking with implicit topology changes","oa_version":"Published Version","OA_type":"hybrid","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0730-0301"],"eissn":["1557-7368"]},"keyword":["surface tracking","topology change","non- manifold meshes","multi-material flows","solid modeling"],"date_updated":"2026-04-07T13:02:36Z","publication":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","isi":1,"file_date_updated":"2025-11-11T09:50:52Z","issue":"4","license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","scopus_import":"1","status":"public","has_accepted_license":"1","day":"01","citation":{"ista":"Synak P, Kalinov A, Strugaru I-M, Etemadi A, Yang H, Wojtan C. 2024. Multi-material mesh-based surface tracking with implicit topology changes. ACM Transactions on Graphics. 43(4), 54.","ama":"Synak P, Kalinov A, Strugaru I-M, Etemadi A, Yang H, Wojtan C. Multi-material mesh-based surface tracking with implicit topology changes. <i>ACM Transactions on Graphics</i>. 2024;43(4). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1145/3658223\">10.1145/3658223</a>","chicago":"Synak, Peter, Aleksei Kalinov, Irina-Malina Strugaru, Arian Etemadi, Huidong Yang, and Chris Wojtan. “Multi-Material Mesh-Based Surface Tracking with Implicit Topology Changes.” <i>ACM Transactions on Graphics</i>. Association for Computing Machinery, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1145/3658223\">https://doi.org/10.1145/3658223</a>.","ieee":"P. Synak, A. Kalinov, I.-M. Strugaru, A. Etemadi, H. Yang, and C. Wojtan, “Multi-material mesh-based surface tracking with implicit topology changes,” <i>ACM Transactions on Graphics</i>, vol. 43, no. 4. Association for Computing Machinery, 2024.","short":"P. Synak, A. Kalinov, I.-M. Strugaru, A. Etemadi, H. Yang, C. Wojtan, ACM Transactions on Graphics 43 (2024).","mla":"Synak, Peter, et al. “Multi-Material Mesh-Based Surface Tracking with Implicit Topology Changes.” <i>ACM Transactions on Graphics</i>, vol. 43, no. 4, 54, Association for Computing Machinery, 2024, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1145/3658223\">10.1145/3658223</a>.","apa":"Synak, P., Kalinov, A., Strugaru, I.-M., Etemadi, A., Yang, H., &#38; Wojtan, C. (2024). Multi-material mesh-based surface tracking with implicit topology changes. <i>ACM Transactions on Graphics</i>. Association for Computing Machinery. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1145/3658223\">https://doi.org/10.1145/3658223</a>"},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"17219","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"We introduce a multi-material non-manifold mesh-based surface tracking algorithm that converts self-intersections into topological changes. Our algorithm generalizes prior work on manifold surface tracking with topological changes: it preserves surface features like mesh-based methods, and it robustly handles topological changes like level set methods. Our method also offers improved efficiency and robustness over the state of the art. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach on a range of examples, including complex soap film simulations with thousands of interacting bubbles, and boolean unions of non-manifold meshes consisting of millions of triangles."}],"external_id":{"isi":["001289270900021"]},"type":"journal_article","quality_controlled":"1","date_published":"2024-07-01T00:00:00Z","OA_place":"publisher","intvolume":"        43","article_number":"54","year":"2024","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","ddc":["004"]},{"isi":1,"publication":"Topological Data Analysis","date_updated":"2026-04-07T12:35:47Z","file_date_updated":"2020-10-08T08:56:14Z","scopus_import":"1","ec_funded":1,"status":"public","page":"181-218","has_accepted_license":"1","day":"22","citation":{"ama":"Edelsbrunner H, Nikitenko A, Ölsböck K, Synak P. Radius functions on Poisson–Delaunay mosaics and related complexes experimentally. In: <i>Topological Data Analysis</i>. Vol 15. Springer Nature; 2020:181-218. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43408-3_8\">10.1007/978-3-030-43408-3_8</a>","ista":"Edelsbrunner H, Nikitenko A, Ölsböck K, Synak P. 2020. Radius functions on Poisson–Delaunay mosaics and related complexes experimentally. Topological Data Analysis. , Abel Symposia, vol. 15, 181–218.","chicago":"Edelsbrunner, Herbert, Anton Nikitenko, Katharina Ölsböck, and Peter Synak. “Radius Functions on Poisson–Delaunay Mosaics and Related Complexes Experimentally.” In <i>Topological Data Analysis</i>, 15:181–218. Springer Nature, 2020. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43408-3_8\">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43408-3_8</a>.","mla":"Edelsbrunner, Herbert, et al. “Radius Functions on Poisson–Delaunay Mosaics and Related Complexes Experimentally.” <i>Topological Data Analysis</i>, vol. 15, Springer Nature, 2020, pp. 181–218, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43408-3_8\">10.1007/978-3-030-43408-3_8</a>.","ieee":"H. Edelsbrunner, A. Nikitenko, K. Ölsböck, and P. Synak, “Radius functions on Poisson–Delaunay mosaics and related complexes experimentally,” in <i>Topological Data Analysis</i>, 2020, vol. 15, pp. 181–218.","short":"H. Edelsbrunner, A. Nikitenko, K. Ölsböck, P. Synak, in:, Topological Data Analysis, Springer Nature, 2020, pp. 181–218.","apa":"Edelsbrunner, H., Nikitenko, A., Ölsböck, K., &#38; Synak, P. (2020). Radius functions on Poisson–Delaunay mosaics and related complexes experimentally. In <i>Topological Data Analysis</i> (Vol. 15, pp. 181–218). Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43408-3_8\">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43408-3_8</a>"},"type":"conference","quality_controlled":"1","_id":"8135","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Discrete Morse theory has recently lead to new developments in the theory of random geometric complexes. This article surveys the methods and results obtained with this new approach, and discusses some of its shortcomings. It uses simulations to illustrate the results and to form conjectures, getting numerical estimates for combinatorial, topological, and geometric properties of weighted and unweighted Delaunay mosaics, their dual Voronoi tessellations, and the Alpha and Wrap complexes contained in the mosaics."}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"external_id":{"isi":["001321861000008"]},"date_published":"2020-06-22T00:00:00Z","year":"2020","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","ddc":["510"],"intvolume":"        15","project":[{"grant_number":"788183","_id":"266A2E9E-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"H2020","name":"Alpha Shape Theory Extended"},{"name":"Big Splash: Efficient Simulation of Natural Phenomena at Extremely Large Scales","call_identifier":"H2020","_id":"2533E772-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"638176"},{"name":"Persistence and stability of geometric complexes","_id":"2561EBF4-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"FWF","grant_number":"I02979-N35"}],"month":"06","department":[{"_id":"HeEd"}],"author":[{"id":"3FB178DA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Herbert","orcid":"0000-0002-9823-6833","last_name":"Edelsbrunner","full_name":"Edelsbrunner, Herbert"},{"last_name":"Nikitenko","full_name":"Nikitenko, Anton","first_name":"Anton","id":"3E4FF1BA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-0659-3201"},{"full_name":"Ölsböck, Katharina","last_name":"Ölsböck","first_name":"Katharina","id":"4D4AA390-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-4672-8297"},{"full_name":"Synak, Peter","last_name":"Synak","first_name":"Peter","id":"331776E2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}],"volume":15,"acknowledgement":"This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreements No 78818 Alpha and No 638176). It is also partially supported by the DFG Collaborative Research Center TRR 109, ‘Discretization in Geometry and Dynamics’, through grant no. I02979-N35 of the Austrian Science Fund (FWF).","oa":1,"doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-43408-3_8","related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"dissertation_contains","id":"19630","status":"public"}]},"publisher":"Springer Nature","article_processing_charge":"No","file":[{"creator":"dernst","relation":"main_file","file_id":"8628","date_updated":"2020-10-08T08:56:14Z","file_name":"2020-B-01-PoissonExperimentalSurvey.pdf","checksum":"7b5e0de10675d787a2ddb2091370b8d8","date_created":"2020-10-08T08:56:14Z","file_size":2207071,"content_type":"application/pdf","success":1,"access_level":"open_access"}],"publication_status":"published","oa_version":"Submitted Version","date_created":"2020-07-19T22:00:59Z","alternative_title":["Abel Symposia"],"title":"Radius functions on Poisson–Delaunay mosaics and related complexes experimentally","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2197-8549"],"issn":["2193-2808"],"isbn":["9783030434076"]}},{"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0730-0301"],"eissn":["1557-7368"]},"oa_version":"Submitted Version","date_created":"2020-09-13T22:01:18Z","title":"A model for soap film dynamics with evolving thickness","publication_status":"published","file":[{"file_name":"2020_soapfilm_submitted.pdf","checksum":"813831ca91319d794d9748c276b24578","date_updated":"2020-11-23T09:03:19Z","relation":"main_file","creator":"dernst","file_id":"8795","access_level":"open_access","date_created":"2020-11-23T09:03:19Z","file_size":14935529,"success":1,"content_type":"application/pdf"}],"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery","article_processing_charge":"No","related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","id":"19630","relation":"dissertation_contains"}]},"acknowledgement":"We wish to thank the anonymous reviewers and the members of the Visual Computing Group at IST Austria for their valuable feedback, especially Camille Schreck for her help in rendering. This research was supported by the Scientific Service Units (SSU) of IST Austria through resources provided by Scientific Computing. We would like to thank the authors of [Belcour and Barla 2017] for providing their implementation, the authors of [Atkins and Elliott 2010] and [Seychelles et al. 2008] for allowing us to use their results, and Rok Grah for helpful discussions. Finally, we thank Ryoichi Ando for many discussions from the beginning of the project that resulted in important contents of the paper including our formulation, numerical scheme, and initial implementation. This project has received funding from the\r\nEuropean Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 638176.","oa":1,"doi":"10.1145/3386569.3392405","project":[{"name":"Big Splash: Efficient Simulation of Natural Phenomena at Extremely Large Scales","_id":"2533E772-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"H2020","grant_number":"638176"}],"article_type":"original","month":"07","department":[{"_id":"ChWo"}],"author":[{"orcid":"0000-0002-3121-3100","first_name":"Sadashige","id":"6F7C4B96-A8E9-11E9-A7CA-09ECE5697425","full_name":"Ishida, Sadashige","last_name":"Ishida"},{"first_name":"Peter","id":"331776E2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Synak","full_name":"Synak, Peter"},{"first_name":"Fumiya","full_name":"Narita, Fumiya","last_name":"Narita"},{"last_name":"Hachisuka","full_name":"Hachisuka, Toshiya","first_name":"Toshiya"},{"orcid":"0000-0001-6646-5546","first_name":"Christopher J","id":"3C61F1D2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Wojtan, Christopher J","last_name":"Wojtan"}],"volume":39,"year":"2020","ddc":["000"],"user_id":"ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd","article_number":"31","intvolume":"        39","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3386569.3392405","open_access":"1"}],"date_published":"2020-07-08T00:00:00Z","type":"journal_article","quality_controlled":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"8384","abstract":[{"text":"Previous research on animations of soap bubbles, films, and foams largely focuses on the motion and geometric shape of the bubble surface. These works neglect the evolution of the bubble’s thickness, which is normally responsible for visual phenomena like surface vortices, Newton’s interference patterns, capillary waves, and deformation-dependent rupturing of films in a foam. In this paper, we model these natural phenomena by introducing the film thickness as a reduced degree of freedom in the Navier-Stokes equations and deriving their equations of motion. We discretize the equations on a nonmanifold triangle mesh surface and couple it to an existing bubble solver. In doing so, we also introduce an incompressible fluid solver for 2.5D films and a novel advection algorithm for convecting fields across non-manifold surface junctions. Our simulations enhance state-of-the-art bubble solvers with additional effects caused by convection, rippling, draining, and evaporation of the thin film.","lang":"eng"}],"external_id":{"isi":["000583700300004"]},"has_accepted_license":"1","day":"08","citation":{"chicago":"Ishida, Sadashige, Peter Synak, Fumiya Narita, Toshiya Hachisuka, and Chris Wojtan. “A Model for Soap Film Dynamics with Evolving Thickness.” <i>ACM Transactions on Graphics</i>. Association for Computing Machinery, 2020. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1145/3386569.3392405\">https://doi.org/10.1145/3386569.3392405</a>.","ama":"Ishida S, Synak P, Narita F, Hachisuka T, Wojtan C. A model for soap film dynamics with evolving thickness. <i>ACM Transactions on Graphics</i>. 2020;39(4). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1145/3386569.3392405\">10.1145/3386569.3392405</a>","ista":"Ishida S, Synak P, Narita F, Hachisuka T, Wojtan C. 2020. A model for soap film dynamics with evolving thickness. ACM Transactions on Graphics. 39(4), 31.","apa":"Ishida, S., Synak, P., Narita, F., Hachisuka, T., &#38; Wojtan, C. (2020). A model for soap film dynamics with evolving thickness. <i>ACM Transactions on Graphics</i>. Association for Computing Machinery. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1145/3386569.3392405\">https://doi.org/10.1145/3386569.3392405</a>","mla":"Ishida, Sadashige, et al. “A Model for Soap Film Dynamics with Evolving Thickness.” <i>ACM Transactions on Graphics</i>, vol. 39, no. 4, 31, Association for Computing Machinery, 2020, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1145/3386569.3392405\">10.1145/3386569.3392405</a>.","ieee":"S. Ishida, P. Synak, F. Narita, T. Hachisuka, and C. Wojtan, “A model for soap film dynamics with evolving thickness,” <i>ACM Transactions on Graphics</i>, vol. 39, no. 4. Association for Computing Machinery, 2020.","short":"S. Ishida, P. Synak, F. Narita, T. Hachisuka, C. Wojtan, ACM Transactions on Graphics 39 (2020)."},"status":"public","scopus_import":"1","issue":"4","ec_funded":1,"file_date_updated":"2020-11-23T09:03:19Z","acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"ScienComp"}],"isi":1,"date_updated":"2026-04-16T08:29:36Z","publication":"ACM Transactions on Graphics"}]