---
_id: '12'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Molding is a popular mass production method, in which the initial expenses
    for the mold are offset by the low per-unit production cost. However, the physical
    fabrication constraints of the molding technique commonly restrict the shape of
    moldable objects. For a complex shape, a decomposition of the object into moldable
    parts is a common strategy to address these constraints, with plastic model kits
    being a popular and illustrative example. However, conducting such a decomposition
    requires considerable expertise, and it depends on the technical aspects of the
    fabrication technique, as well as aesthetic considerations. We present an interactive
    technique to create such decompositions for two-piece molding, in which each part
    of the object is cast between two rigid mold pieces. Given the surface description
    of an object, we decompose its thin-shell equivalent into moldable parts by first
    performing a coarse decomposition and then utilizing an active contour model for
    the boundaries between individual parts. Formulated as an optimization problem,
    the movement of the contours is guided by an energy reflecting fabrication constraints
    to ensure the moldability of each part. Simultaneously, the user is provided with
    editing capabilities to enforce aesthetic guidelines. Our interactive interface
    provides control of the contour positions by allowing, for example, the alignment
    of part boundaries with object features. Our technique enables a novel workflow,
    as it empowers novice users to explore the design space, and it generates fabrication-ready
    two-piece molds that can be used either for casting or industrial injection molding
    of free-form objects.
article_number: '135'
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Kazutaka
  full_name: Nakashima, Kazutaka
  last_name: Nakashima
- first_name: Thomas
  full_name: Auzinger, Thomas
  id: 4718F954-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Auzinger
  orcid: 0000-0002-1546-3265
- first_name: Emmanuel
  full_name: Iarussi, Emmanuel
  id: 33F19F16-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Iarussi
- first_name: Ran
  full_name: Zhang, Ran
  id: 4DDBCEB0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Zhang
  orcid: 0000-0002-3808-281X
- first_name: Takeo
  full_name: Igarashi, Takeo
  last_name: Igarashi
- first_name: Bernd
  full_name: Bickel, Bernd
  id: 49876194-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Bickel
  orcid: 0000-0001-6511-9385
citation:
  ama: 'Nakashima K, Auzinger T, Iarussi E, Zhang R, Igarashi T, Bickel B. CoreCavity:
    Interactive shell decomposition for fabrication with two-piece rigid molds. <i>ACM
    Transaction on Graphics</i>. 2018;37(4). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3197517.3201341">10.1145/3197517.3201341</a>'
  apa: 'Nakashima, K., Auzinger, T., Iarussi, E., Zhang, R., Igarashi, T., &#38; Bickel,
    B. (2018). CoreCavity: Interactive shell decomposition for fabrication with two-piece
    rigid molds. <i>ACM Transaction on Graphics</i>. ACM. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3197517.3201341">https://doi.org/10.1145/3197517.3201341</a>'
  chicago: 'Nakashima, Kazutaka, Thomas Auzinger, Emmanuel Iarussi, Ran Zhang, Takeo
    Igarashi, and Bernd Bickel. “CoreCavity: Interactive Shell Decomposition for Fabrication
    with Two-Piece Rigid Molds.” <i>ACM Transaction on Graphics</i>. ACM, 2018. <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3197517.3201341">https://doi.org/10.1145/3197517.3201341</a>.'
  ieee: 'K. Nakashima, T. Auzinger, E. Iarussi, R. Zhang, T. Igarashi, and B. Bickel,
    “CoreCavity: Interactive shell decomposition for fabrication with two-piece rigid
    molds,” <i>ACM Transaction on Graphics</i>, vol. 37, no. 4. ACM, 2018.'
  ista: 'Nakashima K, Auzinger T, Iarussi E, Zhang R, Igarashi T, Bickel B. 2018.
    CoreCavity: Interactive shell decomposition for fabrication with two-piece rigid
    molds. ACM Transaction on Graphics. 37(4), 135.'
  mla: 'Nakashima, Kazutaka, et al. “CoreCavity: Interactive Shell Decomposition for
    Fabrication with Two-Piece Rigid Molds.” <i>ACM Transaction on Graphics</i>, vol.
    37, no. 4, 135, ACM, 2018, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3197517.3201341">10.1145/3197517.3201341</a>.'
  short: K. Nakashima, T. Auzinger, E. Iarussi, R. Zhang, T. Igarashi, B. Bickel,
    ACM Transaction on Graphics 37 (2018).
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:44:09Z
date_published: 2018-08-04T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-03-31T15:58:16Z
day: '04'
ddc:
- '004'
- '516'
- '670'
department:
- _id: BeBi
doi: 10.1145/3197517.3201341
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000448185000096'
file:
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has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        37'
isi: 1
issue: '4'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: Submitted Version
project:
- _id: 24F9549A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '715767'
  name: 'MATERIALIZABLE: Intelligent fabrication-oriented Computational Design and
    Modeling'
- _id: 2508E324-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '642841'
  name: Distributed 3D Object Design
publication: ACM Transaction on Graphics
publication_status: published
publisher: ACM
publist_id: '8044'
pubrep_id: '1037'
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
  link:
  - description: News on IST Homepage
    relation: press_release
    url: https://ist.ac.at/en/news/interactive-software-tool-makes-complex-mold-design-simple/
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'CoreCavity: Interactive shell decomposition for fabrication with two-piece
  rigid molds'
type: journal_article
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
volume: 37
year: '2018'
...
---
_id: '5976'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: We propose FlexMaps, a novel framework for fabricating smooth shapes out of
    flat, flexible panels with tailored mechanical properties. We start by mapping
    the 3D surface onto a 2D domain as in traditional UV mapping to design a set of
    deformable flat panels called FlexMaps. For these panels, we design and obtain
    specific mechanical properties such that, once they are assembled, the static
    equilibrium configuration matches the desired 3D shape. FlexMaps can be fabricated
    from an almost rigid material, such as wood or plastic, and are made flexible
    in a controlled way by using computationally designed spiraling microstructures.
article_number: '241'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Luigi
  full_name: Malomo, Luigi
  last_name: Malomo
- first_name: Jesus
  full_name: Perez Rodriguez, Jesus
  id: 2DC83906-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Perez Rodriguez
- first_name: Emmanuel
  full_name: Iarussi, Emmanuel
  id: 33F19F16-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Iarussi
- first_name: Nico
  full_name: Pietroni, Nico
  last_name: Pietroni
- first_name: Eder
  full_name: Miguel, Eder
  last_name: Miguel
- first_name: Paolo
  full_name: Cignoni, Paolo
  last_name: Cignoni
- first_name: Bernd
  full_name: Bickel, Bernd
  id: 49876194-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Bickel
  orcid: 0000-0001-6511-9385
citation:
  ama: 'Malomo L, Perez Rodriguez J, Iarussi E, et al. FlexMaps: Computational design
    of flat flexible shells for shaping 3D objects. <i>ACM Transactions on Graphics</i>.
    2018;37(6). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3272127.3275076">10.1145/3272127.3275076</a>'
  apa: 'Malomo, L., Perez Rodriguez, J., Iarussi, E., Pietroni, N., Miguel, E., Cignoni,
    P., &#38; Bickel, B. (2018). FlexMaps: Computational design of flat flexible shells
    for shaping 3D objects. <i>ACM Transactions on Graphics</i>. Association for Computing
    Machinery. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3272127.3275076">https://doi.org/10.1145/3272127.3275076</a>'
  chicago: 'Malomo, Luigi, Jesus Perez Rodriguez, Emmanuel Iarussi, Nico Pietroni,
    Eder Miguel, Paolo Cignoni, and Bernd Bickel. “FlexMaps: Computational Design
    of Flat Flexible Shells for Shaping 3D Objects.” <i>ACM Transactions on Graphics</i>.
    Association for Computing Machinery, 2018. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3272127.3275076">https://doi.org/10.1145/3272127.3275076</a>.'
  ieee: 'L. Malomo <i>et al.</i>, “FlexMaps: Computational design of flat flexible
    shells for shaping 3D objects,” <i>ACM Transactions on Graphics</i>, vol. 37,
    no. 6. Association for Computing Machinery, 2018.'
  ista: 'Malomo L, Perez Rodriguez J, Iarussi E, Pietroni N, Miguel E, Cignoni P,
    Bickel B. 2018. FlexMaps: Computational design of flat flexible shells for shaping
    3D objects. ACM Transactions on Graphics. 37(6), 241.'
  mla: 'Malomo, Luigi, et al. “FlexMaps: Computational Design of Flat Flexible Shells
    for Shaping 3D Objects.” <i>ACM Transactions on Graphics</i>, vol. 37, no. 6,
    241, Association for Computing Machinery, 2018, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3272127.3275076">10.1145/3272127.3275076</a>.'
  short: L. Malomo, J. Perez Rodriguez, E. Iarussi, N. Pietroni, E. Miguel, P. Cignoni,
    B. Bickel, ACM Transactions on Graphics 37 (2018).
date_created: 2019-02-13T13:12:53Z
date_published: 2018-11-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-03-31T15:59:13Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: BeBi
doi: 10.1145/3272127.3275076
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000455953100064'
file:
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  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: bbickel
  date_created: 2019-09-23T12:48:52Z
  date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:14Z
  file_id: '6901'
  file_name: flexmaps_author_version.pdf
  file_size: 100109811
  relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:14Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        37'
isi: 1
issue: '6'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '11'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: 24F9549A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '715767'
  name: 'MATERIALIZABLE: Intelligent fabrication-oriented Computational Design and
    Modeling'
- _id: 25082902-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '645599'
  name: Soft-bodied intelligence for Manipulation
- _id: 260C2330-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '754411'
  name: ISTplus - Postdoctoral Fellowships
publication: ACM Transactions on Graphics
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0730-0301
publication_status: published
publisher: Association for Computing Machinery
pubrep_id: '1068'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'FlexMaps: Computational design of flat flexible shells for shaping 3D objects'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 37
year: '2018'
...