[{"file":[{"file_name":"2025_NatureComm_Janik.pdf","date_updated":"2025-03-17T10:53:32Z","success":1,"checksum":"a9383dd978ca2c50b7dded6c0bb2cd49","file_id":"19415","creator":"dernst","file_size":6364878,"content_type":"application/pdf","date_created":"2025-03-17T10:53:32Z","relation":"main_file","access_level":"open_access"}],"publisher":"Springer Nature","department":[{"_id":"GeKa"},{"_id":"JoFi"},{"_id":"M-Shop"}],"publication":"Nature Communications","has_accepted_license":"1","citation":{"ieee":"M. Janik <i>et al.</i>, “Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium enabled by granular aluminium superinductors,” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 16. Springer Nature, 2025.","apa":"Janik, M., Roux, K. E. R., Borja Espinosa, C. N., Sagi, O., Baghdadi, A., Adletzberger, T., … Katsaros, G. (2025). Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium enabled by granular aluminium superinductors. <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-57252-4\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-57252-4</a>","mla":"Janik, Marian, et al. “Strong Charge-Photon Coupling in Planar Germanium Enabled by Granular Aluminium Superinductors.” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 16, 2103, Springer Nature, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-57252-4\">10.1038/s41467-025-57252-4</a>.","ama":"Janik M, Roux KER, Borja Espinosa CN, et al. Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium enabled by granular aluminium superinductors. <i>Nature Communications</i>. 2025;16. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-57252-4\">10.1038/s41467-025-57252-4</a>","chicago":"Janik, Marian, Kevin Etienne Robert Roux, Carla N Borja Espinosa, Oliver Sagi, Abdulhamid Baghdadi, Thomas Adletzberger, Stefano Calcaterra, et al. “Strong Charge-Photon Coupling in Planar Germanium Enabled by Granular Aluminium Superinductors.” <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-57252-4\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-57252-4</a>.","ista":"Janik M, Roux KER, Borja Espinosa CN, Sagi O, Baghdadi A, Adletzberger T, Calcaterra S, Botifoll M, Garzón Manjón A, Arbiol J, Chrastina D, Isella G, Pop IM, Katsaros G. 2025. Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium enabled by granular aluminium superinductors. Nature Communications. 16, 2103.","short":"M. Janik, K.E.R. Roux, C.N. Borja Espinosa, O. Sagi, A. Baghdadi, T. Adletzberger, S. Calcaterra, M. Botifoll, A. Garzón Manjón, J. Arbiol, D. Chrastina, G. Isella, I.M. Pop, G. Katsaros, Nature Communications 16 (2025)."},"title":"Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium enabled by granular aluminium superinductors","_id":"19401","OA_place":"publisher","OA_type":"gold","date_updated":"2026-05-20T06:34:51Z","day":"01","status":"public","ec_funded":1,"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2041-1723"]},"doi":"10.1038/s41467-025-57252-4","quality_controlled":"1","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","oa_version":"Published Version","scopus_import":"1","related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"earlier_version","id":"18144","status":"public"},{"id":"18886","relation":"research_data","status":"public"}]},"ddc":["530"],"article_processing_charge":"Yes","arxiv":1,"type":"journal_article","intvolume":"        16","license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","acknowledgement":"We acknowledge Franco De Palma, Mahya Khorramshahi, Fabian Oppliger, Thomas Reisinger, Pasquale Scarlino and Xiao Xue for helpful discussions. We thank Simon Robson for proofreading the manuscript. This research was supported by the Scientific Service Units of ISTA through resources provided by the MIBA Machine Shop and the Nanofabrication facility. This research and related results were made possible with the support of the NOMIS Foundation and the HORIZON-RIA 101069515 project. This research was funded in whole or in part by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) https://doi.org/10.55776/P32235, https://doi.org/10.55776/I5060 and https://doi.org/10.55776/P36507. For Open Access purposes, the author has applied a CC BY public copyright license to any author accepted manuscript version arising from this submission. M.J. acknowledges funding from FellowQUTE 2024-01. K.R. acknowledges funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 101034413. I.M.P. acknowledges funding from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG - German Research Foundation) under project number 450396347 (GeHoldeQED). ICN2 acknowledges funding from Generalitat de Catalunya 2021SGR00457. We acknowledge support from CSIC Interdisciplinary Thematic Platform (PTI+) on Quantum Technologies (PTI-QTEP+). This research work has been funded by the European Commission - NextGenerationEU (Regulation EU 2020/2094), through CSIC’s Quantum Technologies Platform (QTEP). ICN2 is supported by the Severo Ochoa programme from Spanish MCIN/AEI (Grant No.: CEX2021-001214-S) and is funded by the CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya. Part of the present work has been performed in the framework of Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Materials Science PhD programme. AGM has received funding from Grant RYC2021-033479-I funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR. M.B. acknowledges support from SUR Generalitat de Catalunya and the EU Social Fund; project ref. 2020 FI 00103. The authors acknowledge the use of instrumentation and the technical advice provided by the Joint Electron Microscopy Centre at ALBA (JEMCA). ICN2 acknowledges funding from Grant IU16-014206 (METCAM-FIB) funded by the European Union through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), with the support of the Ministry of Research and Universities, Generalitat de Catalunya. ICN2 is a founding member of e-DREAM60.","oa":1,"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"isi":1,"date_created":"2025-03-16T23:01:23Z","date_published":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","file_date_updated":"2025-03-17T10:53:32Z","year":"2025","article_type":"original","volume":16,"APC_amount":"7068 EUR","month":"03","acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"M-Shop"},{"_id":"NanoFab"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"High kinetic inductance superconductors are gaining increasing interest for the realisation of qubits, amplifiers and detectors. Moreover, thanks to their high impedance, quantum buses made of such materials enable large zero-point fluctuations of the voltage, boosting the coupling rates to spin and charge qubits. However, fully exploiting the potential of disordered or granular superconductors is challenging, as their inductance and, therefore, impedance at high values are difficult to control. Here, we report a reproducible fabrication of granular aluminium resonators by developing a wireless ohmmeter, which allows in situ measurements during film deposition and, therefore, control of the kinetic inductance of granular aluminium films. Reproducible fabrication of circuits with impedances (inductances) exceeding 13 kΩ (1 nH per square) is now possible. By integrating a 7.9 kΩ resonator with a germanium double quantum dot, we demonstrate strong charge-photon coupling with a rate of gc/2π = 566 ± 2 MHz. This broadly applicable method opens the path for novel qubits and high-fidelity, long-distance two-qubit gates."}],"project":[{"name":"Integrated Germanium Quantum Technology","grant_number":"101069515","_id":"34c0acea-11ca-11ed-8bc3-8775e10fd452"},{"_id":"237B3DA4-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E","name":"Towards scalable hut wire quantum devices","grant_number":"P32235","call_identifier":"FWF"},{"_id":"c0977eea-5a5b-11eb-8a69-a862db0cf4d1","grant_number":"I05060","name":"High impedance circuit quantum electrodynamics with hole spins"},{"_id":"bd8bd29e-d553-11ed-ba76-f0070d4b237a","grant_number":"P36507","name":"Merging spin and superconducting qubits in planar Ge"},{"grant_number":"101034413","call_identifier":"H2020","name":"IST-BRIDGE: International postdoctoral program","_id":"fc2ed2f7-9c52-11eb-aca3-c01059dda49c"},{"_id":"3AC91DDA-15DF-11EA-824D-93A3E7B544D1","name":"FWF Open Access Fund","call_identifier":"FWF"}],"DOAJ_listed":"1","author":[{"id":"396A1950-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0009-0003-9037-8831","full_name":"Janik, Marian","last_name":"Janik","first_name":"Marian"},{"id":"53f93ea2-803f-11ed-ab7e-b283135794ef","full_name":"Roux, Kevin Etienne Robert","last_name":"Roux","first_name":"Kevin Etienne Robert"},{"full_name":"Borja Espinosa, Carla N","id":"18777c01-896a-11ed-bdf8-e4851dc07d16","first_name":"Carla N","last_name":"Borja Espinosa"},{"full_name":"Sagi, Oliver","id":"71616374-A8E9-11E9-A7CA-09ECE5697425","first_name":"Oliver","last_name":"Sagi"},{"id":"160D87FA-96B5-11E9-BF77-7626E6697425","full_name":"Baghdadi, Abdulhamid","last_name":"Baghdadi","first_name":"Abdulhamid"},{"first_name":"Thomas","last_name":"Adletzberger","full_name":"Adletzberger, Thomas","id":"38756BB2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Calcaterra, Stefano","last_name":"Calcaterra","first_name":"Stefano"},{"full_name":"Botifoll, Marc","first_name":"Marc","last_name":"Botifoll"},{"full_name":"Garzón Manjón, Alba","last_name":"Garzón Manjón","first_name":"Alba"},{"last_name":"Arbiol","first_name":"Jordi","full_name":"Arbiol, Jordi"},{"full_name":"Chrastina, Daniel","first_name":"Daniel","last_name":"Chrastina"},{"first_name":"Giovanni","last_name":"Isella","full_name":"Isella, Giovanni"},{"first_name":"Ioan M.","last_name":"Pop","full_name":"Pop, Ioan M."},{"full_name":"Katsaros, Georgios","orcid":"0000-0001-8342-202X","id":"38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Georgios","last_name":"Katsaros"}],"publication_status":"published","article_number":"2103","tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by.png","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)"},"pmid":1,"external_id":{"isi":["001434774800001"],"pmid":["40025007"],"arxiv":["2407.03079"]},"corr_author":"1"},{"article_type":"original","year":"2024","file_date_updated":"2024-01-17T11:03:00Z","date_published":"2024-01-02T00:00:00Z","date_created":"2024-01-14T23:00:56Z","acknowledgement":"We acknowledge Alexander Brinkmann, Alessandro Crippa, Francesco Giazotto, Andrew Higginbotham, Andrea Iorio, Giordano Scappucci, Christian Schonenberger, and Lukas Splitthoff for helpful discussions. We thank Marcel Verheijen for the support in the TEM analysis. This research and related results were made possible with the support of the NOMIS\r\nFoundation. It was supported by the Scientific Service Units of ISTA through resources provided by the MIBA Machine Shop and the nanofabrication facility, the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research andinnovation programme under Grant Agreement No 862046, the HORIZONRIA\r\n101069515 project, the European Innovation Council Pathfinder grant no. 101115315 (QuKiT), and the FWF Projects #P-32235, #P-36507 and #F-8606. For the purpose of open access, the authors have applied a CC BY public copyright licence to any Author Accepted Manuscript version arising from this submission. R.S.S. acknowledges Spanish CM “Talento Program\"\r\nProject No. 2022-T1/IND-24070. J.J. acknowledges European Research Council TOCINA 834290.","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"oa":1,"isi":1,"intvolume":"        15","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Superconductor/semiconductor hybrid devices have attracted increasing interest in the past years. Superconducting electronics aims to complement semiconductor technology, while hybrid architectures are at the forefront of new ideas such as topological superconductivity and protected qubits. In this work, we engineer the induced superconductivity in two-dimensional germanium hole gas by varying the distance between the quantum well and the aluminum. We demonstrate a hard superconducting gap and realize an electrically and flux tunable superconducting diode using a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID). This allows to tune the current phase relation (CPR), to a regime where single Cooper pair tunneling is suppressed, creating a sin(2y) CPR. Shapiro experiments complement this interpretation and the microwave drive allows to create a diode with ≈ 100% efficiency. The reported results open up the path towards integration of spin qubit devices, microwave resonators and (protected) superconducting qubits on  the same silicon technology compatible platform."}],"acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"M-Shop"},{"_id":"NanoFab"}],"month":"01","APC_amount":"6468 EUR","volume":15,"DOAJ_listed":"1","project":[{"name":"TOPOLOGICALLY PROTECTED AND SCALABLE QUANTUM BITS","call_identifier":"H2020","grant_number":"862046","_id":"237E5020-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E"},{"grant_number":"101069515","name":"Integrated Germanium Quantum Technology","_id":"34c0acea-11ca-11ed-8bc3-8775e10fd452"},{"name":"Quantum bits with Kitaev Transmons","grant_number":"101115315","_id":"bdc2ca30-d553-11ed-ba76-cf164a5bb811"},{"_id":"237B3DA4-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E","name":"Towards scalable hut wire quantum devices","call_identifier":"FWF","grant_number":"P32235"},{"_id":"bd8bd29e-d553-11ed-ba76-f0070d4b237a","grant_number":"P36507","name":"Merging spin and superconducting qubits in planar Ge"},{"_id":"34a66131-11ca-11ed-8bc3-a31681c6b03e","name":"Center for Correlated Quantum Materials and Solid State Quantum Systems: Conventional  and unconventional topological superconductors","grant_number":"F8606"},{"name":"FWF Open Access Fund","call_identifier":"FWF","_id":"3AC91DDA-15DF-11EA-824D-93A3E7B544D1"}],"corr_author":"1","external_id":{"isi":["001142794000839"],"pmid":["38167818"]},"tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by.png","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)"},"pmid":1,"article_number":"169","publication_status":"published","author":[{"full_name":"Valentini, Marco","id":"C0BB2FAC-D767-11E9-B658-BC13E6697425","first_name":"Marco","last_name":"Valentini"},{"id":"71616374-A8E9-11E9-A7CA-09ECE5697425","full_name":"Sagi, Oliver","last_name":"Sagi","first_name":"Oliver"},{"full_name":"Baghumyan, Levon","id":"7aa1f788-b527-11ee-aa9e-e6111a79e0c7","first_name":"Levon","last_name":"Baghumyan"},{"first_name":"Thijs","last_name":"de Gijsel","full_name":"de Gijsel, Thijs","id":"a0ece13c-b527-11ee-929d-bad130106eee"},{"first_name":"Jason","last_name":"Jung","full_name":"Jung, Jason","id":"4C9ACE7A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Calcaterra, Stefano","first_name":"Stefano","last_name":"Calcaterra"},{"full_name":"Ballabio, Andrea","first_name":"Andrea","last_name":"Ballabio"},{"first_name":"Juan L","last_name":"Aguilera Servin","orcid":"0000-0002-2862-8372","full_name":"Aguilera Servin, Juan L","id":"2A67C376-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"id":"b22ab905-3539-11eb-84c3-fc159dcd79cb","orcid":"0000-0001-9985-9293","full_name":"Aggarwal, Kushagra","last_name":"Aggarwal","first_name":"Kushagra"},{"first_name":"Marian","last_name":"Janik","full_name":"Janik, Marian","orcid":"0009-0003-9037-8831","id":"396A1950-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Adletzberger, Thomas","id":"38756BB2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Thomas","last_name":"Adletzberger"},{"last_name":"Seoane Souto","first_name":"Rubén","full_name":"Seoane Souto, Rubén"},{"last_name":"Leijnse","first_name":"Martin","full_name":"Leijnse, Martin"},{"last_name":"Danon","first_name":"Jeroen","full_name":"Danon, Jeroen"},{"full_name":"Schrade, Constantin","first_name":"Constantin","last_name":"Schrade"},{"last_name":"Bakkers","first_name":"Erik","full_name":"Bakkers, Erik"},{"first_name":"Daniel","last_name":"Chrastina","full_name":"Chrastina, Daniel"},{"last_name":"Isella","first_name":"Giovanni","full_name":"Isella, Giovanni"},{"id":"38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Katsaros, Georgios","orcid":"0000-0001-8342-202X","last_name":"Katsaros","first_name":"Georgios"}],"OA_place":"publisher","title":"Parity-conserving Cooper-pair transport and ideal superconducting diode in planar germanium","_id":"14793","citation":{"mla":"Valentini, Marco, et al. “Parity-Conserving Cooper-Pair Transport and Ideal Superconducting Diode in Planar Germanium.” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 15, 169, Springer Nature, 2024, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-44114-0\">10.1038/s41467-023-44114-0</a>.","apa":"Valentini, M., Sagi, O., Baghumyan, L., de Gijsel, T., Jung, J., Calcaterra, S., … Katsaros, G. (2024). Parity-conserving Cooper-pair transport and ideal superconducting diode in planar germanium. <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-44114-0\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-44114-0</a>","ieee":"M. Valentini <i>et al.</i>, “Parity-conserving Cooper-pair transport and ideal superconducting diode in planar germanium,” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 15. Springer Nature, 2024.","ama":"Valentini M, Sagi O, Baghumyan L, et al. Parity-conserving Cooper-pair transport and ideal superconducting diode in planar germanium. <i>Nature Communications</i>. 2024;15. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-44114-0\">10.1038/s41467-023-44114-0</a>","ista":"Valentini M, Sagi O, Baghumyan L, de Gijsel T, Jung J, Calcaterra S, Ballabio A, Aguilera Servin JL, Aggarwal K, Janik M, Adletzberger T, Seoane Souto R, Leijnse M, Danon J, Schrade C, Bakkers E, Chrastina D, Isella G, Katsaros G. 2024. Parity-conserving Cooper-pair transport and ideal superconducting diode in planar germanium. Nature Communications. 15, 169.","chicago":"Valentini, Marco, Oliver Sagi, Levon Baghumyan, Thijs de Gijsel, Jason Jung, Stefano Calcaterra, Andrea Ballabio, et al. “Parity-Conserving Cooper-Pair Transport and Ideal Superconducting Diode in Planar Germanium.” <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-44114-0\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-44114-0</a>.","short":"M. Valentini, O. Sagi, L. Baghumyan, T. de Gijsel, J. Jung, S. Calcaterra, A. Ballabio, J.L. Aguilera Servin, K. Aggarwal, M. Janik, T. Adletzberger, R. Seoane Souto, M. Leijnse, J. Danon, C. Schrade, E. Bakkers, D. Chrastina, G. Isella, G. Katsaros, Nature Communications 15 (2024)."},"has_accepted_license":"1","publication":"Nature Communications","publisher":"Springer Nature","department":[{"_id":"GeKa"}],"file":[{"checksum":"ef79173b45eeaf984ffa61ef2f8a52ab","file_id":"14825","success":1,"date_updated":"2024-01-17T11:03:00Z","file_name":"2024_NatureComm_Valentini.pdf","access_level":"open_access","relation":"main_file","date_created":"2024-01-17T11:03:00Z","file_size":2336595,"content_type":"application/pdf","creator":"dernst"}],"day":"02","date_updated":"2025-10-15T06:31:47Z","OA_type":"gold","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","oa_version":"Published Version","scopus_import":"1","quality_controlled":"1","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2041-1723"]},"doi":"10.1038/s41467-023-44114-0","ec_funded":1,"status":"public","type":"journal_article","article_processing_charge":"Yes","ddc":["530"]},{"date_updated":"2026-06-28T22:30:53Z","day":"03","department":[{"_id":"GeKa"},{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"JoFi"}],"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2407.03079"}],"citation":{"ama":"Janik M, Roux KER, Borja Espinosa CN, et al. Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium enabled by granular  aluminium superinductors. <i>arXiv</i>. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2407.03079\">10.48550/arXiv.2407.03079</a>","mla":"Janik, Marian, et al. “Strong Charge-Photon Coupling in Planar Germanium Enabled by Granular  Aluminium Superinductors.” <i>ArXiv</i>, 2407.03079, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2407.03079\">10.48550/arXiv.2407.03079</a>.","apa":"Janik, M., Roux, K. E. R., Borja Espinosa, C. N., Sagi, O., Baghdadi, A., Adletzberger, T., … Katsaros, G. (n.d.). Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium enabled by granular  aluminium superinductors. <i>arXiv</i>. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2407.03079\">https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2407.03079</a>","ieee":"M. Janik <i>et al.</i>, “Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium enabled by granular  aluminium superinductors,” <i>arXiv</i>. .","short":"M. Janik, K.E.R. Roux, C.N. Borja Espinosa, O. Sagi, A. Baghdadi, T. Adletzberger, S. Calcaterra, M. Botifoll, A.G. Manjón, J. Arbiol, D. Chrastina, G. Isella, I.M. Pop, G. Katsaros, ArXiv (n.d.).","ista":"Janik M, Roux KER, Borja Espinosa CN, Sagi O, Baghdadi A, Adletzberger T, Calcaterra S, Botifoll M, Manjón AG, Arbiol J, Chrastina D, Isella G, Pop IM, Katsaros G. Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium enabled by granular  aluminium superinductors. arXiv, 2407.03079.","chicago":"Janik, Marian, Kevin Etienne Robert Roux, Carla N Borja Espinosa, Oliver Sagi, Abdulhamid Baghdadi, Thomas Adletzberger, Stefano Calcaterra, et al. “Strong Charge-Photon Coupling in Planar Germanium Enabled by Granular  Aluminium Superinductors.” <i>ArXiv</i>, n.d. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2407.03079\">https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2407.03079</a>."},"publication":"arXiv","_id":"18144","title":"Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium enabled by granular  aluminium superinductors","OA_place":"repository","arxiv":1,"article_processing_charge":"No","type":"preprint","status":"public","doi":"10.48550/arXiv.2407.03079","related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","relation":"research_data","id":"18886"},{"id":"19401","relation":"later_version","status":"public"},{"relation":"dissertation_contains","id":"18129","status":"public"}]},"oa_version":"Preprint","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"M-Shop"},{"_id":"NanoFab"}],"month":"07","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"High kinetic inductance superconductors are gaining increasing interest for\r\nthe realisation of qubits, amplifiers and detectors. Moreover, thanks to their\r\nhigh impedance, quantum buses made of such materials enable large zero-point\r\nfluctuations of the voltage, boosting the coupling rates to spin and charge\r\nqubits. However, fully exploiting the potential of disordered or granular\r\nsuperconductors is challenging, as their inductance and, therefore, impedance\r\nat high values are difficult to control. Here we have integrated a granular\r\naluminium resonator, having a characteristic impedance exceeding the resistance\r\nquantum, with a germanium double quantum dot and demonstrate strong\r\ncharge-photon coupling with a rate of $g_\\text{c}/2\\pi= (566 \\pm 2)$ MHz. This\r\nwas achieved due to the realisation of a wireless ohmmeter, which allows\r\n\\emph{in situ} measurements during film deposition and, therefore, control of\r\nthe kinetic inductance of granular aluminium films. Reproducible fabrication of\r\ncircuits with impedances (inductances) exceeding 13 k$\\Omega$ (1 nH per square)\r\nis now possible. This broadly applicable method opens the path for novel qubits\r\nand high-fidelity, long-distance two-qubit gates."}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"oa":1,"acknowledgement":"We acknowledge Franco De Palma, Mahya Khorramshahi, Fabian Oppliger, Thomas Reisinger, Pasquale Scarlino and Xiao Xue for helpful discussions. This research was supported by the Scientific Service Units of ISTA through resources provided by the MIBA Machine Shop and the Nanofabrication facility. This research and related results were made possible with the support of the NOMIS Foundation, the HORIZON-RIA 101069515 project, the FWF Projects with DOI:10.55776/P32235, DOI:10.55776/I5060 and DOI:10.55776/P36507. IMP acknowledges funding from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG – German Research Foundation) under project number 450396347 (GeHoldeQED). ICN2 acknowledges funding from Generalitat de Catalunya 2021SGR00457. We acknowledge support from CSIC Interdisciplinary Thematic Platform (PTI+) on Quantum Technologies (PTI-QTEP+). This research work has been funded by the European Commission – NextGenerationEU (Regulation EU 2020/2094), through CSIC’s\r\nQuantum Technologies Platform (QTEP). ICN2 is supported by the Severo Ochoa program from Spanish MCIN/AEI (Grant No.: CEX2021-001214-S) and is funded by the CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya. Part of the present work has been performed in the framework of Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Materials Science PhD program. AGM has received funding from Grant RYC2021-033479-I funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR. M.B. acknowledges support from SUR Generalitat de Catalunya and the EU Social Fund; project ref. 2020 FI 00103. The authors\r\nacknowledge the use of instrumentation and the technical advice provided by the Joint Electron Microscopy Center at ALBA (JEMCA). ICN2 acknowledges funding from Grant IU16-014206 (METCAM-FIB) funded by the European Union through the European Regional Development\r\nFund (ERDF), with the support of the Ministry of Research and Universities, Generalitat de Catalunya. ICN2 is a founding member of e-DREAM [60].","date_created":"2024-09-26T09:50:43Z","year":"2024","date_published":"2024-07-03T00:00:00Z","author":[{"id":"396A1950-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0009-0003-9037-8831","full_name":"Janik, Marian","last_name":"Janik","first_name":"Marian"},{"full_name":"Roux, Kevin Etienne Robert","id":"53f93ea2-803f-11ed-ab7e-b283135794ef","first_name":"Kevin Etienne Robert","last_name":"Roux"},{"first_name":"Carla N","last_name":"Borja Espinosa","full_name":"Borja Espinosa, Carla N","id":"18777c01-896a-11ed-bdf8-e4851dc07d16"},{"last_name":"Sagi","first_name":"Oliver","id":"71616374-A8E9-11E9-A7CA-09ECE5697425","full_name":"Sagi, Oliver"},{"first_name":"Abdulhamid","last_name":"Baghdadi","full_name":"Baghdadi, Abdulhamid","id":"160D87FA-96B5-11E9-BF77-7626E6697425"},{"full_name":"Adletzberger, Thomas","id":"38756BB2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Thomas","last_name":"Adletzberger"},{"first_name":"Stefano","last_name":"Calcaterra","full_name":"Calcaterra, Stefano"},{"full_name":"Botifoll, Marc","last_name":"Botifoll","first_name":"Marc"},{"full_name":"Manjón, Alba Garzón","last_name":"Manjón","first_name":"Alba Garzón"},{"first_name":"Jordi","last_name":"Arbiol","full_name":"Arbiol, Jordi"},{"full_name":"Chrastina, Daniel","last_name":"Chrastina","first_name":"Daniel"},{"full_name":"Isella, Giovanni","last_name":"Isella","first_name":"Giovanni"},{"first_name":"Ioan M.","last_name":"Pop","full_name":"Pop, Ioan M."},{"last_name":"Katsaros","first_name":"Georgios","id":"38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0001-8342-202X","full_name":"Katsaros, Georgios"}],"article_number":"2407.03079","tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by.png","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)"},"publication_status":"draft","corr_author":"1","external_id":{"arxiv":["2407.03079"]},"project":[{"_id":"34c0acea-11ca-11ed-8bc3-8775e10fd452","name":"Integrated Germanium Quantum Technology","grant_number":"101069515"},{"name":"Towards scalable hut wire quantum devices","call_identifier":"FWF","grant_number":"P32235","_id":"237B3DA4-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E"},{"grant_number":"P36507","name":"Merging spin and superconducting qubits in planar Ge","_id":"bd8bd29e-d553-11ed-ba76-f0070d4b237a"},{"_id":"c0977eea-5a5b-11eb-8a69-a862db0cf4d1","name":"High impedance circuit quantum electrodynamics with hole spins","grant_number":"I05060"}]},{"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Superconductor/semiconductor hybrid devices have attracted increasing\r\ninterest in the past years. Superconducting electronics aims to complement\r\nsemiconductor technology, while hybrid architectures are at the forefront of\r\nnew ideas such as topological superconductivity and protected qubits. In this\r\nwork, we engineer the induced superconductivity in two-dimensional germanium\r\nhole gas by varying the distance between the quantum well and the aluminum. We\r\ndemonstrate a hard superconducting gap and realize an electrically and flux\r\ntunable superconducting diode using a superconducting quantum interference\r\ndevice (SQUID). This allows to tune the current phase relation (CPR), to a\r\nregime where single Cooper pair tunneling is suppressed, creating a $ \\sin\r\n\\left( 2 \\varphi \\right)$ CPR. Shapiro experiments complement this\r\ninterpretation and the microwave drive allows to create a diode with $ \\approx\r\n100 \\%$ efficiency. The reported results open up the path towards monolithic\r\nintegration of spin qubit devices, microwave resonators and (protected)\r\nsuperconducting qubits on a silicon technology compatible platform."}],"month":"06","acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"M-Shop"},{"_id":"NanoFab"}],"date_published":"2023-06-13T00:00:00Z","year":"2023","date_created":"2023-07-26T11:17:20Z","acknowledgement":"The authors acknowledge Alexander Brinkmann, Alessandro Crippa, Andrew Higginbotham, Andrea Iorio, Giordano\r\nScappucci and Christian Schonenberger for helpful discussions. We thank Marcel Verheijen for the support in the\r\nTEM analysis. This research and related results were made\r\npossible with the support of the NOMIS Foundation. It was\r\nsupported by the Scientific Service Units of ISTA through resources provided by the MIBA Machine Shop and the\r\nnanofabrication facility, the European Union’s Horizon 2020\r\nresearch and innovation programme under Grant Agreement\r\nNo 862046, the HORIZON-RIA 101069515 project and the\r\nFWF Projects #P-32235, #P-36507 and #F-8606. R.S.S.\r\nacknowledges Spanish CM “Talento Program” Project No.\r\n2022-T1/IND-24070.","oa":1,"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"external_id":{"arxiv":["2306.07109"]},"corr_author":"1","publication_status":"draft","article_number":"2306.07109","tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by.png","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)"},"author":[{"id":"C0BB2FAC-D767-11E9-B658-BC13E6697425","full_name":"Valentini, Marco","last_name":"Valentini","first_name":"Marco"},{"full_name":"Sagi, Oliver","id":"71616374-A8E9-11E9-A7CA-09ECE5697425","first_name":"Oliver","last_name":"Sagi"},{"last_name":"Baghumyan","first_name":"Levon","full_name":"Baghumyan, Levon"},{"full_name":"Gijsel, Thijs de","last_name":"Gijsel","first_name":"Thijs de"},{"first_name":"Jason","last_name":"Jung","full_name":"Jung, Jason","id":"4C9ACE7A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"last_name":"Calcaterra","first_name":"Stefano","full_name":"Calcaterra, Stefano"},{"last_name":"Ballabio","first_name":"Andrea","full_name":"Ballabio, Andrea"},{"full_name":"Servin, Juan Aguilera","last_name":"Servin","first_name":"Juan Aguilera"},{"id":"b22ab905-3539-11eb-84c3-fc159dcd79cb","orcid":"0000-0001-9985-9293","full_name":"Aggarwal, Kushagra","last_name":"Aggarwal","first_name":"Kushagra"},{"last_name":"Janik","first_name":"Marian","id":"396A1950-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Janik, Marian","orcid":"0009-0003-9037-8831"},{"last_name":"Adletzberger","first_name":"Thomas","id":"38756BB2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Adletzberger, Thomas"},{"last_name":"Souto","first_name":"Rubén Seoane","full_name":"Souto, Rubén Seoane"},{"last_name":"Leijnse","first_name":"Martin","full_name":"Leijnse, Martin"},{"full_name":"Danon, Jeroen","first_name":"Jeroen","last_name":"Danon"},{"first_name":"Constantin","last_name":"Schrade","full_name":"Schrade, Constantin"},{"last_name":"Bakkers","first_name":"Erik","full_name":"Bakkers, Erik"},{"full_name":"Chrastina, Daniel","last_name":"Chrastina","first_name":"Daniel"},{"full_name":"Isella, Giovanni","last_name":"Isella","first_name":"Giovanni"},{"first_name":"Georgios","last_name":"Katsaros","orcid":"0000-0001-8342-202X","full_name":"Katsaros, Georgios","id":"38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}],"project":[{"grant_number":"862046","call_identifier":"H2020","name":"TOPOLOGICALLY PROTECTED AND SCALABLE QUANTUM BITS","_id":"237E5020-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E"},{"_id":"237B3DA4-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E","call_identifier":"FWF","grant_number":"P32235","name":"Towards scalable hut wire quantum devices"},{"_id":"bd8bd29e-d553-11ed-ba76-f0070d4b237a","name":"Merging spin and superconducting qubits in planar Ge","grant_number":"P36507"},{"grant_number":"F8606","name":"Center for Correlated Quantum Materials and Solid State Quantum Systems: Conventional  and unconventional topological superconductors","_id":"34a66131-11ca-11ed-8bc3-a31681c6b03e"},{"_id":"eb9b30ac-77a9-11ec-83b8-871f581d53d2","name":"Protected states of quantum matter"}],"day":"13","date_updated":"2026-04-07T13:27:22Z","OA_place":"repository","title":"Radio frequency driven superconducting diode and parity conserving  Cooper pair transport in a two-dimensional germanium hole gas","_id":"13312","publication":"arXiv","citation":{"ieee":"M. Valentini <i>et al.</i>, “Radio frequency driven superconducting diode and parity conserving  Cooper pair transport in a two-dimensional germanium hole gas,” <i>arXiv</i>. .","mla":"Valentini, Marco, et al. “Radio Frequency Driven Superconducting Diode and Parity Conserving  Cooper Pair Transport in a Two-Dimensional Germanium Hole Gas.” <i>ArXiv</i>, 2306.07109, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2306.07109\">10.48550/arXiv.2306.07109</a>.","apa":"Valentini, M., Sagi, O., Baghumyan, L., Gijsel, T. de, Jung, J., Calcaterra, S., … Katsaros, G. (n.d.). Radio frequency driven superconducting diode and parity conserving  Cooper pair transport in a two-dimensional germanium hole gas. <i>arXiv</i>. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2306.07109\">https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2306.07109</a>","ama":"Valentini M, Sagi O, Baghumyan L, et al. Radio frequency driven superconducting diode and parity conserving  Cooper pair transport in a two-dimensional germanium hole gas. <i>arXiv</i>. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2306.07109\">10.48550/arXiv.2306.07109</a>","chicago":"Valentini, Marco, Oliver Sagi, Levon Baghumyan, Thijs de Gijsel, Jason Jung, Stefano Calcaterra, Andrea Ballabio, et al. “Radio Frequency Driven Superconducting Diode and Parity Conserving  Cooper Pair Transport in a Two-Dimensional Germanium Hole Gas.” <i>ArXiv</i>, n.d. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2306.07109\">https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2306.07109</a>.","ista":"Valentini M, Sagi O, Baghumyan L, Gijsel T de, Jung J, Calcaterra S, Ballabio A, Servin JA, Aggarwal K, Janik M, Adletzberger T, Souto RS, Leijnse M, Danon J, Schrade C, Bakkers E, Chrastina D, Isella G, Katsaros G. Radio frequency driven superconducting diode and parity conserving  Cooper pair transport in a two-dimensional germanium hole gas. arXiv, 2306.07109.","short":"M. Valentini, O. Sagi, L. Baghumyan, T. de Gijsel, J. Jung, S. Calcaterra, A. Ballabio, J.A. Servin, K. Aggarwal, M. Janik, T. Adletzberger, R.S. Souto, M. Leijnse, J. Danon, C. Schrade, E. Bakkers, D. Chrastina, G. Isella, G. Katsaros, ArXiv (n.d.)."},"keyword":["Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics"],"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2306.07109","open_access":"1"}],"department":[{"_id":"GeKa"},{"_id":"M-Shop"}],"type":"preprint","article_processing_charge":"No","arxiv":1,"ddc":["530"],"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","oa_version":"Preprint","related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"dissertation_contains","id":"13286","status":"public"}]},"doi":"10.48550/arXiv.2306.07109","ec_funded":1,"status":"public"}]