---
APC_amount: 5887,8 EUR
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: hybrid
_id: '15084'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "GABAB receptor (GBR) activation inhibits neurotransmitter release in axon
terminals in the brain, except in medial habenula (MHb) terminals, which show
robust potentiation. However, mechanisms underlying this enigmatic potentiation
remain elusive. Here, we report that GBR activation on MHb terminals induces an
activity-dependent transition from a facilitating, tonic to a depressing, phasic
neurotransmitter release mode. This transition is accompanied by a 4.1-fold increase
in readily releasable vesicle pool (RRP) size and a 3.5-fold increase of docked
synaptic vesicles (SVs) at the presynaptic active zone (AZ). Strikingly, the depressing
phasic release exhibits looser coupling distance than the tonic release. Furthermore,
the tonic and phasic release are selectively affected by deletion of synaptoporin
(SPO) and Ca\r\n 2+\r\n -dependent
activator protein for secretion 2 (CAPS2), respectively. SPO modulates augmentation,
the short-term plasticity associated with tonic release, and CAPS2 retains the
increased RRP for initial responses in phasic response trains. The cytosolic protein
CAPS2 showed a SV-associated distribution similar to the vesicular transmembrane
protein SPO, and they were colocalized in the same terminals. We developed the
“Flash and Freeze-fracture” method, and revealed the release of SPO-associated
vesicles in both tonic and phasic modes and activity-dependent recruitment of
CAPS2 to the AZ during phasic release, which lasted several minutes. Overall,
these results indicate that GBR activation translocates CAPS2 to the AZ along
with the fusion of CAPS2-associated SVs, contributing to persistency of the RRP
increase. Thus, we identified structural and molecular mechanisms underlying tonic
and phasic neurotransmitter release and their transition by GBR activation in
MHb terminals."
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: M-Shop
- _id: PreCl
- _id: EM-Fac
acknowledgement: We thank Erwin Neher and Ipe Ninan for critical comments on the manuscript.
This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) and European
Commission, under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program
(ERC grant agreement no. 694539 to R.S. and the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement
no. 665385 to C.Ö.). This study was supported by the Cooperative Study Program of
Center for Animal Resources and Collaborative Study of NINS. We thank Kohgaku Eguchi
for statistical analysis, Yu Kasugai for additional EM imaging, Robert Beattie for
the design of the slice recovery chamber for Flash and Freeze experiments, Todor
Asenov from the ISTA machine shop for custom part preparations for high-pressure
freezing, the ISTA preclinical facility for animal caretaking, and the ISTA EM facilities
for technical support.
article_number: e2301449121
article_processing_charge: Yes (in subscription journal)
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Peter
full_name: Koppensteiner, Peter
id: 3B8B25A8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Koppensteiner
orcid: 0000-0002-3509-1948
- first_name: Pradeep
full_name: Bhandari, Pradeep
id: 45EDD1BC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Bhandari
orcid: 0000-0003-0863-4481
- first_name: Hüseyin C
full_name: Önal, Hüseyin C
id: 4659D740-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Önal
orcid: 0000-0002-2771-2011
- first_name: Carolina
full_name: Borges Merjane, Carolina
id: 4305C450-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Borges Merjane
orcid: 0000-0003-0005-401X
- first_name: Elodie
full_name: Le Monnier, Elodie
id: 3B59276A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Le Monnier
- first_name: Utsa
full_name: Roy, Utsa
id: 4d26cf11-5355-11ee-ae5a-eb05e255b9b2
last_name: Roy
- first_name: Yukihiro
full_name: Nakamura, Yukihiro
last_name: Nakamura
- first_name: Tetsushi
full_name: Sadakata, Tetsushi
last_name: Sadakata
- first_name: Makoto
full_name: Sanbo, Makoto
last_name: Sanbo
- first_name: Masumi
full_name: Hirabayashi, Masumi
last_name: Hirabayashi
- first_name: JeongSeop
full_name: Rhee, JeongSeop
last_name: Rhee
- first_name: Nils
full_name: Brose, Nils
last_name: Brose
- first_name: Peter M
full_name: Jonas, Peter M
id: 353C1B58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Jonas
orcid: 0000-0001-5001-4804
- first_name: Ryuichi
full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi
id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Shigemoto
orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444
citation:
ama: Koppensteiner P, Bhandari P, Önal C, et al. GABAB receptors induce phasic release
from medial habenula terminals through activity-dependent recruitment of release-ready
vesicles. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States
of America. 2024;121(8). doi:10.1073/pnas.2301449121
apa: Koppensteiner, P., Bhandari, P., Önal, C., Borges Merjane, C., Le Monnier,
E., Roy, U., … Shigemoto, R. (2024). GABAB receptors induce phasic release from
medial habenula terminals through activity-dependent recruitment of release-ready
vesicles. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States
of America. National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2301449121
chicago: Koppensteiner, Peter, Pradeep Bhandari, Cihan Önal, Carolina Borges Merjane,
Elodie Le Monnier, Utsa Roy, Yukihiro Nakamura, et al. “GABAB Receptors Induce
Phasic Release from Medial Habenula Terminals through Activity-Dependent Recruitment
of Release-Ready Vesicles.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
of the United States of America. National Academy of Sciences, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2301449121.
ieee: P. Koppensteiner et al., “GABAB receptors induce phasic release from
medial habenula terminals through activity-dependent recruitment of release-ready
vesicles,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States
of America, vol. 121, no. 8. National Academy of Sciences, 2024.
ista: Koppensteiner P, Bhandari P, Önal C, Borges Merjane C, Le Monnier E, Roy U,
Nakamura Y, Sadakata T, Sanbo M, Hirabayashi M, Rhee J, Brose N, Jonas PM, Shigemoto
R. 2024. GABAB receptors induce phasic release from medial habenula terminals
through activity-dependent recruitment of release-ready vesicles. Proceedings
of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 121(8), e2301449121.
mla: Koppensteiner, Peter, et al. “GABAB Receptors Induce Phasic Release from Medial
Habenula Terminals through Activity-Dependent Recruitment of Release-Ready Vesicles.”
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,
vol. 121, no. 8, e2301449121, National Academy of Sciences, 2024, doi:10.1073/pnas.2301449121.
short: P. Koppensteiner, P. Bhandari, C. Önal, C. Borges Merjane, E. Le Monnier,
U. Roy, Y. Nakamura, T. Sadakata, M. Sanbo, M. Hirabayashi, J. Rhee, N. Brose,
P.M. Jonas, R. Shigemoto, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
United States of America 121 (2024).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2024-03-05T09:23:55Z
date_published: 2024-02-20T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-05-21T22:30:29Z
day: '20'
ddc:
- '570'
department:
- _id: RySh
- _id: PeJo
doi: 10.1073/pnas.2301449121
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
isi:
- '001208567300006'
pmid:
- '38346189'
file:
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checksum: b25b2a057c266ff317a48b0d54d6fc8a
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2024-03-12T13:42:42Z
date_updated: 2024-03-12T13:42:42Z
file_id: '15110'
file_name: 2024_PNAS_Koppensteiner.pdf
file_size: 13648221
relation: main_file
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file_date_updated: 2024-03-12T13:42:42Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
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isi: 1
issue: '8'
language:
- iso: eng
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
month: '02'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 25CA28EA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '694539'
name: 'In situ analysis of single channel subunit composition in neurons: physiological
implication in synaptic plasticity and behaviour'
- _id: 2564DBCA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '665385'
name: International IST Doctoral Program
publication: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States
of America
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1091-6490
issn:
- 0027-8424
publication_status: published
publisher: National Academy of Sciences
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
link:
- description: News on ISTA Website
relation: press_release
url: https://ista.ac.at/en/news/neuronal-insights-flash-and-freeze-fracture/
record:
- id: '13173'
relation: research_data
status: public
- id: '19271'
relation: dissertation_contains
status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: GABAB receptors induce phasic release from medial habenula terminals through
activity-dependent recruitment of release-ready vesicles
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by_nc_nd.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
(CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
short: CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 121
year: '2024'
...
---
_id: '14253'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Junctions between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the plasma membrane (PM)
are specialized membrane contacts ubiquitous in eukaryotic cells. Concentration
of intracellular signaling machinery near ER-PM junctions allows these domains
to serve critical roles in lipid and Ca2+ signaling and homeostasis. Subcellular
compartmentalization of protein kinase A (PKA) signaling also regulates essential
cellular functions, however, no specific association between PKA and ER-PM junctional
domains is known. Here, we show that in brain neurons type I PKA is directed to
Kv2.1 channel-dependent ER-PM junctional domains via SPHKAP, a type I PKA-specific
anchoring protein. SPHKAP association with type I PKA regulatory subunit RI and
ER-resident VAP proteins results in the concentration of type I PKA between stacked
ER cisternae associated with ER-PM junctions. This ER-associated PKA signalosome
enables reciprocal regulation between PKA and Ca2+ signaling machinery to support
Ca2+ influx and excitation-transcription coupling. These data reveal that neuronal
ER-PM junctions support a receptor-independent form of PKA signaling driven by
membrane depolarization and intracellular Ca2+, allowing conversion of information
encoded in electrical signals into biochemical changes universally recognized
throughout the cell.
acknowledgement: We thank Kayla Templeton and Peter Turcanu for technical assistance,
Michelle Salemi for assistance with LC-MS data acquisition and analysis, Dr. Belvin
Gong for advice on monoclonal antibody generation, Drs. Maria Casas Prat and Eamonn
Dickson for assistance with super-resolution TIRF microscopy, Dr. Oscar Cerda for
assistance with the design of TAT-FFAT peptides, Dr. Fernando Santana for helpful
discussions, and Dr. Jodi Nunnari for a careful reading of our manuscript. We also
thank Dr. Alan Howe, Dr. Sohum Mehta, and Dr. Jin Zhang for providing plasmids used
in this study. This project was funded by NIH Grants R01NS114210 and R21NS101648
(J.S.T.), and F32NS108519 (N.C.V.).
article_number: '5231'
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Nicholas C.
full_name: Vierra, Nicholas C.
last_name: Vierra
- first_name: Luisa
full_name: Ribeiro-Silva, Luisa
last_name: Ribeiro-Silva
- first_name: Michael
full_name: Kirmiz, Michael
last_name: Kirmiz
- first_name: Deborah
full_name: Van Der List, Deborah
last_name: Van Der List
- first_name: Pradeep
full_name: Bhandari, Pradeep
id: 45EDD1BC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Bhandari
orcid: 0000-0003-0863-4481
- first_name: Olivia A.
full_name: Mack, Olivia A.
last_name: Mack
- first_name: James
full_name: Carroll, James
last_name: Carroll
- first_name: Elodie
full_name: Le Monnier, Elodie
id: 3B59276A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Le Monnier
- first_name: Sue A.
full_name: Aicher, Sue A.
last_name: Aicher
- first_name: Ryuichi
full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi
id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Shigemoto
orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444
- first_name: James S.
full_name: Trimmer, James S.
last_name: Trimmer
citation:
ama: Vierra NC, Ribeiro-Silva L, Kirmiz M, et al. Neuronal ER-plasma membrane junctions
couple excitation to Ca2+-activated PKA signaling. Nature Communications.
2023;14. doi:10.1038/s41467-023-40930-6
apa: Vierra, N. C., Ribeiro-Silva, L., Kirmiz, M., Van Der List, D., Bhandari, P.,
Mack, O. A., … Trimmer, J. S. (2023). Neuronal ER-plasma membrane junctions couple
excitation to Ca2+-activated PKA signaling. Nature Communications. Springer
Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-40930-6
chicago: Vierra, Nicholas C., Luisa Ribeiro-Silva, Michael Kirmiz, Deborah Van Der
List, Pradeep Bhandari, Olivia A. Mack, James Carroll, et al. “Neuronal ER-Plasma
Membrane Junctions Couple Excitation to Ca2+-Activated PKA Signaling.” Nature
Communications. Springer Nature, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-40930-6.
ieee: N. C. Vierra et al., “Neuronal ER-plasma membrane junctions couple
excitation to Ca2+-activated PKA signaling,” Nature Communications, vol.
14. Springer Nature, 2023.
ista: Vierra NC, Ribeiro-Silva L, Kirmiz M, Van Der List D, Bhandari P, Mack OA,
Carroll J, Le Monnier E, Aicher SA, Shigemoto R, Trimmer JS. 2023. Neuronal ER-plasma
membrane junctions couple excitation to Ca2+-activated PKA signaling. Nature Communications.
14, 5231.
mla: Vierra, Nicholas C., et al. “Neuronal ER-Plasma Membrane Junctions Couple Excitation
to Ca2+-Activated PKA Signaling.” Nature Communications, vol. 14, 5231,
Springer Nature, 2023, doi:10.1038/s41467-023-40930-6.
short: N.C. Vierra, L. Ribeiro-Silva, M. Kirmiz, D. Van Der List, P. Bhandari, O.A.
Mack, J. Carroll, E. Le Monnier, S.A. Aicher, R. Shigemoto, J.S. Trimmer, Nature
Communications 14 (2023).
date_created: 2023-09-03T22:01:14Z
date_published: 2023-08-26T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-09-09T12:50:49Z
day: '26'
ddc:
- '570'
department:
- _id: RySh
doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-40930-6
external_id:
isi:
- '001064563400013'
pmid:
- '37633939'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 6ab8aab4e957f626a09a1c73db3388fb
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2023-09-06T06:50:07Z
date_updated: 2023-09-06T06:50:07Z
file_id: '14270'
file_name: 2023_NatureComm_Vierra.pdf
file_size: 9412549
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2023-09-06T06:50:07Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 14'
isi: 1
language:
- iso: eng
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
publication: Nature Communications
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2041-1723
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Neuronal ER-plasma membrane junctions couple excitation to Ca2+-activated PKA
signaling
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 14
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '13202'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2) plays an essential role
in neuronal activities through interaction with various proteins involved in signaling
at membranes. However, the distribution pattern of PI(4,5)P2 and the association
with these proteins on the neuronal cell membranes remain elusive. In this study,
we established a method for visualizing PI(4,5)P2 by SDS-digested freeze-fracture
replica labeling (SDS-FRL) to investigate the quantitative nanoscale distribution
of PI(4,5)P2 in cryo-fixed brain. We demonstrate that PI(4,5)P2 forms tiny clusters
with a mean size of ∼1000 nm2 rather than randomly distributed in cerebellar neuronal
membranes in male C57BL/6J mice. These clusters show preferential accumulation
in specific membrane compartments of different cell types, in particular, in Purkinje
cell (PC) spines and granule cell (GC) presynaptic active zones. Furthermore,
we revealed extensive association of PI(4,5)P2 with CaV2.1 and GIRK3 across different
membrane compartments, whereas its association with mGluR1α was compartment specific.
These results suggest that our SDS-FRL method provides valuable insights into
the physiological functions of PI(4,5)P2 in neurons.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: EM-Fac
acknowledgement: This work was supported by The Institute of Science and Technology
(IST) Austria, the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program
under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 793482 (to K.E.) and by the
European Research Council (ERC) Grant Agreement No. 694539 (to R.S.). We thank Nicoleta
Condruz (IST Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria) for technical assistance with sample
preparation, the Electron Microscopy Facility of IST Austria (Klosterneuburg, Austria)
for technical support with EM works, Natalia Baranova (University of Vienna, Vienna,
Austria) and Martin Loose (IST Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria) for advice on liposome
preparation, and Yugo Fukazawa (University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan) for comments.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Kohgaku
full_name: Eguchi, Kohgaku
id: 2B7846DC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Eguchi
orcid: 0000-0002-6170-2546
- first_name: Elodie
full_name: Le Monnier, Elodie
id: 3B59276A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Le Monnier
- first_name: Ryuichi
full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi
id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Shigemoto
orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444
citation:
ama: Eguchi K, Le Monnier E, Shigemoto R. Nanoscale phosphoinositide distribution
on cell membranes of mouse cerebellar neurons. The Journal of Neuroscience.
2023;43(23):4197-4216. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1514-22.2023
apa: Eguchi, K., Le Monnier, E., & Shigemoto, R. (2023). Nanoscale phosphoinositide
distribution on cell membranes of mouse cerebellar neurons. The Journal of
Neuroscience. Society for Neuroscience. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1514-22.2023
chicago: Eguchi, Kohgaku, Elodie Le Monnier, and Ryuichi Shigemoto. “Nanoscale Phosphoinositide
Distribution on Cell Membranes of Mouse Cerebellar Neurons.” The Journal of
Neuroscience. Society for Neuroscience, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1514-22.2023.
ieee: K. Eguchi, E. Le Monnier, and R. Shigemoto, “Nanoscale phosphoinositide distribution
on cell membranes of mouse cerebellar neurons,” The Journal of Neuroscience,
vol. 43, no. 23. Society for Neuroscience, pp. 4197–4216, 2023.
ista: Eguchi K, Le Monnier E, Shigemoto R. 2023. Nanoscale phosphoinositide distribution
on cell membranes of mouse cerebellar neurons. The Journal of Neuroscience. 43(23),
4197–4216.
mla: Eguchi, Kohgaku, et al. “Nanoscale Phosphoinositide Distribution on Cell Membranes
of Mouse Cerebellar Neurons.” The Journal of Neuroscience, vol. 43, no.
23, Society for Neuroscience, 2023, pp. 4197–216, doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1514-22.2023.
short: K. Eguchi, E. Le Monnier, R. Shigemoto, The Journal of Neuroscience 43 (2023)
4197–4216.
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2023-07-09T22:01:12Z
date_published: 2023-06-07T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-04-14T07:27:15Z
day: '07'
ddc:
- '570'
department:
- _id: RySh
doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1514-22.2023
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
isi:
- '001020132100005'
pmid:
- '37160366'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 70b2141870e0bf1c94fd343e18fdbc32
content_type: application/pdf
creator: alisjak
date_created: 2023-07-10T09:04:58Z
date_updated: 2023-07-10T09:04:58Z
file_id: '13205'
file_name: 2023_JN_Eguchi.pdf
file_size: 7794425
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2023-07-10T09:04:58Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 43'
isi: 1
issue: '23'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 4197-4216
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 2659CC84-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '793482'
name: 'Ultrastructural analysis of phosphoinositides in nerve terminals: distribution,
dynamics and physiological roles in synaptic transmission'
- _id: 25CA28EA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '694539'
name: 'In situ analysis of single channel subunit composition in neurons: physiological
implication in synaptic plasticity and behaviour'
publication: The Journal of Neuroscience
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1529-2401
issn:
- 0270-6474
publication_status: published
publisher: Society for Neuroscience
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Nanoscale phosphoinositide distribution on cell membranes of mouse cerebellar
neurons
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 43
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '10890'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Upon the arrival of action potentials at nerve terminals, neurotransmitters
are released from synaptic vesicles (SVs) by exocytosis. CaV2.1, 2.2, and 2.3
are the major subunits of the voltage-gated calcium channel (VGCC) responsible
for increasing intraterminal calcium levels and triggering SV exocytosis in the
central nervous system (CNS) synapses. The two-dimensional analysis of CaV2 distributions
using sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-digested freeze-fracture replica labeling (SDS-FRL)
has revealed their numbers, densities, and nanoscale clustering patterns in individual
presynaptic active zones. The variation in these properties affects the coupling
of VGCCs with calcium sensors on SVs, synaptic efficacy, and temporal precision
of transmission. In this study, we summarize how the morphological parameters
of CaV2 distribution obtained using SDS-FRL differ depending on the different
types of synapses and could correspond to functional properties in synaptic transmission.
acknowledgement: "This work was supported by the European Research Council advanced
grant No. 694539 and the joint German-Austrian DFG and FWF project SYNABS (FWF:
I-4638-B) to RS.\r\nThe authors thank Walter Kaufmann for his critical comments
on the manuscript."
article_number: '846615'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Kohgaku
full_name: Eguchi, Kohgaku
id: 2B7846DC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Eguchi
orcid: 0000-0002-6170-2546
- first_name: Jacqueline-Claire
full_name: Montanaro-Punzengruber, Jacqueline-Claire
id: 3786AB44-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Montanaro-Punzengruber
- first_name: Elodie
full_name: Le Monnier, Elodie
id: 3B59276A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Le Monnier
- first_name: Ryuichi
full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi
id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Shigemoto
orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444
citation:
ama: Eguchi K, Montanaro-Punzengruber J-C, Le Monnier E, Shigemoto R. The number
and distinct clustering patterns of voltage-gated Calcium channels in nerve terminals.
Frontiers in Neuroanatomy. 2022;16. doi:10.3389/fnana.2022.846615
apa: Eguchi, K., Montanaro-Punzengruber, J.-C., Le Monnier, E., & Shigemoto,
R. (2022). The number and distinct clustering patterns of voltage-gated Calcium
channels in nerve terminals. Frontiers in Neuroanatomy. Frontiers. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnana.2022.846615
chicago: Eguchi, Kohgaku, Jacqueline-Claire Montanaro-Punzengruber, Elodie Le Monnier,
and Ryuichi Shigemoto. “The Number and Distinct Clustering Patterns of Voltage-Gated
Calcium Channels in Nerve Terminals.” Frontiers in Neuroanatomy. Frontiers,
2022. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnana.2022.846615.
ieee: K. Eguchi, J.-C. Montanaro-Punzengruber, E. Le Monnier, and R. Shigemoto,
“The number and distinct clustering patterns of voltage-gated Calcium channels
in nerve terminals,” Frontiers in Neuroanatomy, vol. 16. Frontiers, 2022.
ista: Eguchi K, Montanaro-Punzengruber J-C, Le Monnier E, Shigemoto R. 2022. The
number and distinct clustering patterns of voltage-gated Calcium channels in nerve
terminals. Frontiers in Neuroanatomy. 16, 846615.
mla: Eguchi, Kohgaku, et al. “The Number and Distinct Clustering Patterns of Voltage-Gated
Calcium Channels in Nerve Terminals.” Frontiers in Neuroanatomy, vol. 16,
846615, Frontiers, 2022, doi:10.3389/fnana.2022.846615.
short: K. Eguchi, J.-C. Montanaro-Punzengruber, E. Le Monnier, R. Shigemoto, Frontiers
in Neuroanatomy 16 (2022).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2022-03-20T23:01:39Z
date_published: 2022-02-24T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-04-16T08:18:54Z
day: '24'
ddc:
- '570'
department:
- _id: RySh
doi: 10.3389/fnana.2022.846615
ec_funded: 1
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title: The number and distinct clustering patterns of voltage-gated Calcium channels
in nerve terminals
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