---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: hybrid
PlanS_conform: '1'
_id: '19421'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The phytohormone auxin (Aux) is a principal endogenous developmental signal
    in plants. It mediates transcriptional reprogramming by a well-established canonical
    signalling mechanism. TIR1/AFB auxin receptors are F-box subunits of an ubiquitin
    ligase complex; after auxin perception, they associate with Aux/IAA transcriptional
    repressors and ubiquitinate them for degradation, thus enabling the activation
    of auxin response factor (ARF) transcription factors1,2,3. Here we revise this
    paradigm by showing that without TIR1 adenylate cyclase (AC) activity4, auxin-induced
    degradation of Aux/IAAs is not sufficient to mediate the transcriptional auxin
    response. Abolishing the TIR1 AC activity does not affect auxin-induced degradation
    of Aux/IAAs but renders TIR1 non-functional in mediating transcriptional reprogramming
    and auxin-regulated development, including shoot, root, root hair growth and lateral
    root formation. Transgenic plants show that local cAMP production in the vicinity
    of the Aux/IAA–ARF complex by unrelated AC enzymes bypasses the need for auxin
    perception and is sufficient to induce ARF-mediated transcription. These discoveries
    revise the canonical model of auxin signalling and establish TIR1/AFB-produced
    cAMP as a second messenger essential for transcriptional reprograming.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: LifeSc
- _id: Bio
acknowledgement: We are grateful to J. Callis and H.-Q. Yang for sharing materials
  and to M. Estelle and S. Kepinski for inspiring discussions. This research was supported
  by the Laboratory Support Facility, the Plant Facility and the Imaging and Optics
  Facility of the Institute of Science and Technology Austria. This project has received
  funding from the European Research Council (101142681 CYNIPS) and Austrian Science
  Fund (P 37051-B). L.Q. was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation
  of China (grant no. 32470327). M.Z. was supported by the Interdisciplinary Project
  Committee of the Institute of Science and Technology Austria, and Y.P. was supported
  by an EMBO Postdoctoral Fellowship (ALTF 38-2023). Open access funding provided
  by Institute of Science and Technology (IST Austria).
article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal)
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Huihuang
  full_name: Chen, Huihuang
  id: 83c96512-15b2-11ec-abd3-b7eede36184f
  last_name: Chen
- first_name: Linlin
  full_name: Qi, Linlin
  id: 44B04502-A9ED-11E9-B6FC-583AE6697425
  last_name: Qi
  orcid: 0000-0001-5187-8401
- first_name: Minxia
  full_name: Zou, Minxia
  id: 5c243f41-03f3-11ec-841c-96faf48a7ef9
  last_name: Zou
- first_name: Mengting
  full_name: Lu, Mengting
  id: a8198a14-1ffe-11ee-8b67-d2bdff9d9178
  last_name: Lu
- first_name: M
  full_name: Kwiatkowski, M
  last_name: Kwiatkowski
- first_name: Yuanrong
  full_name: Pei, Yuanrong
  id: 98605edc-6ce7-11ee-95f3-cc16b866efcd
  last_name: Pei
- first_name: K
  full_name: Jaworski, K
  last_name: Jaworski
- first_name: Jiří
  full_name: Friml, Jiří
  id: 4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Friml
  orcid: 0000-0002-8302-7596
citation:
  ama: Chen H, Qi L, Zou M, et al. TIR1-produced cAMP as a second messenger in transcriptional
    auxin signalling. <i>Nature</i>. 2025;640:1011-1016. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-08669-w">10.1038/s41586-025-08669-w</a>
  apa: Chen, H., Qi, L., Zou, M., Lu, M., Kwiatkowski, M., Pei, Y., … Friml, J. (2025).
    TIR1-produced cAMP as a second messenger in transcriptional auxin signalling.
    <i>Nature</i>. Springer Nature. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-08669-w">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-08669-w</a>
  chicago: Chen, Huihuang, Linlin Qi, Minxia Zou, Mengting Lu, M Kwiatkowski, Yuanrong
    Pei, K Jaworski, and Jiří Friml. “TIR1-Produced CAMP as a Second Messenger in
    Transcriptional Auxin Signalling.” <i>Nature</i>. Springer Nature, 2025. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-08669-w">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-08669-w</a>.
  ieee: H. Chen <i>et al.</i>, “TIR1-produced cAMP as a second messenger in transcriptional
    auxin signalling,” <i>Nature</i>, vol. 640. Springer Nature, pp. 1011–1016, 2025.
  ista: Chen H, Qi L, Zou M, Lu M, Kwiatkowski M, Pei Y, Jaworski K, Friml J. 2025.
    TIR1-produced cAMP as a second messenger in transcriptional auxin signalling.
    Nature. 640, 1011–1016.
  mla: Chen, Huihuang, et al. “TIR1-Produced CAMP as a Second Messenger in Transcriptional
    Auxin Signalling.” <i>Nature</i>, vol. 640, Springer Nature, 2025, pp. 1011–16,
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-08669-w">10.1038/s41586-025-08669-w</a>.
  short: H. Chen, L. Qi, M. Zou, M. Lu, M. Kwiatkowski, Y. Pei, K. Jaworski, J. Friml,
    Nature 640 (2025) 1011–1016.
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2025-03-19T09:44:39Z
date_published: 2025-04-24T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-04-28T13:42:45Z
day: '24'
ddc:
- '580'
department:
- _id: JiFr
doi: 10.1038/s41586-025-08669-w
external_id:
  isi:
  - '001437493900001'
  pmid:
  - '40044868'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: f5f18081003e7a1b8e372ecb7da82e7d
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  creator: dernst
  date_created: 2025-08-05T12:29:35Z
  date_updated: 2025-08-05T12:29:35Z
  file_id: '20132'
  file_name: 2025_Nature_Chen.pdf
  file_size: 13549245
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2025-08-05T12:29:35Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '       640'
isi: 1
language:
- iso: eng
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 1011-1016
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 7bcece63-9f16-11ee-852c-ae94e099eeb6
  grant_number: P37051
  name: Guanylate cyclase activity of TIR1/AFBs auxin receptors
publication: Nature
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1476-4687
  issn:
  - 0028-0836
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
  link:
  - description: News on ISTA website
    relation: press_release
    url: https://ista.ac.at/en/news/updating-the-textbook/
  record:
  - id: '19478'
    relation: dissertation_contains
    status: public
status: public
title: TIR1-produced cAMP as a second messenger in transcriptional auxin signalling
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd
volume: 640
year: '2025'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: hybrid
PlanS_conform: '1'
_id: '20187'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs), being constituents of different types
    of lipids, are critical factors in plant development, presumably due to their
    impact on the endomembrane system. The VLCFAs are synthesized in the endoplasmic
    reticulum by a heterotetrameric enzymatic complex including β-ketoacyl CoA reductase
    1 (KCR1), whose mutant is lethal. Here, we describe the ectopic shoot meristems
    (esm) mutant, a viable kcr1 allele presumably affecting surface properties of
    the KCR1 protein. This kcr1-2 mutant shows reduced fatty acyl elongation that
    impacts VLCFAs. The kcr1-2 plants show severe defects during different stages
    of development, which all correlate with defects in polar localization and subcellular
    trafficking of PIN auxin transporters and resulting asymmetric auxin distribution.
    Detailed analysis of KCR1 expression and patterning defects in kcr1-2 suggests
    that KCR1 plays a role in delineating boundaries around meristematic and specialized
    differentiating tissues, including root and shoot meristems, initiating lateral
    roots, lateral root primordia, and trichomes. In these contexts, KCR1-produced
    VLCFAs may act in a non-cell-autonomous manner. Viable kcr1-2 represents a useful
    tool to study VLCFA roles in plant development and highlights VLCFAs as critical
    developmental factors at the interface of cell polarity and tissue development.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: Bio
- _id: EM-Fac
- _id: LifeSc
acknowledgement: "We gratefully acknowledge the Imaging and Optics, Electron Microscopy
  (especially Vanessa Zheden for technical assistance) and Life Science (in particular
  Dorota Jaworska) facilities at ISTA for their continuous support. Authors would
  like to thank Michelle Gallei for advice during the generation of the transgenic
  lines; Zuzana Gelová for advice with DR5rev::GFP analyses; Ivan Kulich for help
  and advice on trichome imaging; Aline Monzer for generous help with hypocotyl and
  root analyses; Shutang Tan for help with the NGS data analysis; and Milan Župunski
  for advice on abiotic stress experiments. We would like to thank Dolf Weijers for
  the SOSEKI (SOK) marker line seeds. This work has benefited from the support of
  IJPB's Plant Observatory platforms P0-Chem.\r\n\r\nThis work was supported by Austrian
  Science Fund (FWF) (I 6123-B) and Science and Technology Department of Jiangxi Province
  (20223BCJ25037) to Huibin Han. The IJPB benefits from the support of Saclay Plant
  Sciences-SPS (ANR-17-EUR-0007)."
article_number: e70396
article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal)
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: David
  full_name: Babic, David
  id: db566d23-f6e0-11ea-865d-e6f270e968e7
  last_name: Babic
- first_name: Rashed
  full_name: Abualia, Rashed
  id: 4827E134-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Abualia
  orcid: 0000-0002-9357-9415
- first_name: Lukas
  full_name: Fiedler, Lukas
  id: 7c417475-8972-11ed-ae7b-8b674ca26986
  last_name: Fiedler
- first_name: Linlin
  full_name: Qi, Linlin
  id: 44B04502-A9ED-11E9-B6FC-583AE6697425
  last_name: Qi
  orcid: 0000-0001-5187-8401
- first_name: Frédérique
  full_name: Tellier, Frédérique
  last_name: Tellier
- first_name: Adrijana
  full_name: Smoljan, Adrijana
  id: cced8a85-223e-11ed-af04-b0596c55053b
  last_name: Smoljan
- first_name: Hana
  full_name: Rakusova, Hana
  id: 4CAAA450-78D2-11EA-8E57-B40A396E08BA
  last_name: Rakusova
- first_name: Petr
  full_name: Valošek, Petr
  id: 3CDB6F94-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Valošek
- first_name: Huibin
  full_name: Han, Huibin
  id: 31435098-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Han
- first_name: Eva
  full_name: Benková, Eva
  id: 38F4F166-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Benková
  orcid: 0000-0002-8510-9739
- first_name: Jean Denis
  full_name: Faure, Jean Denis
  last_name: Faure
- first_name: Jiří
  full_name: Friml, Jiří
  id: 4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Friml
  orcid: 0000-0002-8302-7596
citation:
  ama: Babic D, Abualia R, Fiedler L, et al. Biosynthesis of very long-chain fatty
    acids is required for Arabidopsis auxin-mediated embryonic and post-embryonic
    development. <i>Plant Journal</i>. 2025;123(3). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.70396">10.1111/tpj.70396</a>
  apa: Babic, D., Abualia, R., Fiedler, L., Qi, L., Tellier, F., Smoljan, A., … Friml,
    J. (2025). Biosynthesis of very long-chain fatty acids is required for Arabidopsis
    auxin-mediated embryonic and post-embryonic development. <i>Plant Journal</i>.
    Wiley. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.70396">https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.70396</a>
  chicago: Babic, David, Rashed Abualia, Lukas Fiedler, Linlin Qi, Frédérique Tellier,
    Adrijana Smoljan, Hana Rakusova, et al. “Biosynthesis of Very Long-Chain Fatty
    Acids Is Required for Arabidopsis Auxin-Mediated Embryonic and Post-Embryonic
    Development.” <i>Plant Journal</i>. Wiley, 2025. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.70396">https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.70396</a>.
  ieee: D. Babic <i>et al.</i>, “Biosynthesis of very long-chain fatty acids is required
    for Arabidopsis auxin-mediated embryonic and post-embryonic development,” <i>Plant
    Journal</i>, vol. 123, no. 3. Wiley, 2025.
  ista: Babic D, Abualia R, Fiedler L, Qi L, Tellier F, Smoljan A, Rakusova H, Valošek
    P, Han H, Benková E, Faure JD, Friml J. 2025. Biosynthesis of very long-chain
    fatty acids is required for Arabidopsis auxin-mediated embryonic and post-embryonic
    development. Plant Journal. 123(3), e70396.
  mla: Babic, David, et al. “Biosynthesis of Very Long-Chain Fatty Acids Is Required
    for Arabidopsis Auxin-Mediated Embryonic and Post-Embryonic Development.” <i>Plant
    Journal</i>, vol. 123, no. 3, e70396, Wiley, 2025, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.70396">10.1111/tpj.70396</a>.
  short: D. Babic, R. Abualia, L. Fiedler, L. Qi, F. Tellier, A. Smoljan, H. Rakusova,
    P. Valošek, H. Han, E. Benková, J.D. Faure, J. Friml, Plant Journal 123 (2025).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2025-08-17T22:01:36Z
date_published: 2025-08-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-04-07T11:52:02Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '580'
department:
- _id: EvBe
- _id: JiFr
- _id: GradSch
doi: 10.1111/tpj.70396
external_id:
  isi:
  - '001547884300001'
  pmid:
  - '40782342'
file:
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  creator: dernst
  date_created: 2025-09-01T14:09:31Z
  date_updated: 2025-09-01T14:09:31Z
  file_id: '20264'
  file_name: 2025_PlantJournal_Babic.pdf
  file_size: 5791111
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2025-09-01T14:09:31Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '       123'
isi: 1
issue: '3'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: bd76d395-d553-11ed-ba76-f678c14f9033
  grant_number: I06123
  name: Peptide receptors for auxin canalization in Arabidopsis
publication: Plant Journal
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1365-313X
  issn:
  - 0960-7412
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
  record:
  - id: '20362'
    relation: dissertation_contains
    status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Biosynthesis of very long-chain fatty acids is required for Arabidopsis auxin-mediated
  embryonic and post-embryonic development
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 123
year: '2025'
...
---
DOAJ_listed: '1'
_id: '15257'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Root gravitropic bending represents a fundamental aspect of terrestrial plant
    physiology. Gravity is perceived by sedimentation of starch-rich plastids (statoliths)
    to the bottom of the central root cap cells. Following gravity perception, intercellular
    auxin transport is redirected downwards leading to an asymmetric auxin accumulation
    at the lower root side causing inhibition of cell expansion, ultimately resulting
    in downwards bending. How gravity-induced statoliths repositioning is translated
    into asymmetric auxin distribution remains unclear despite PIN auxin efflux carriers
    and the Negative Gravitropic Response of roots (NGR) proteins polarize along statolith
    sedimentation, thus providing a plausible mechanism for auxin flow redirection.
    In this study, using a functional NGR1-GFP construct, we visualized the NGR1 localization
    on the statolith surface and plasma membrane (PM) domains in close proximity to
    the statoliths, correlating with their movements. We determined that NGR1 binding
    to these PM domains is indispensable for NGR1 functionality and relies on cysteine
    acylation and adjacent polybasic regions as well as on lipid and sterol PM composition.
    Detailed timing of the early events following graviperception suggested that both
    NGR1 repolarization and initial auxin asymmetry precede the visible PIN3 polarization.
    This discrepancy motivated us to unveil a rapid, NGR-dependent translocation of
    PIN-activating AGCVIII kinase D6PK towards lower PMs of gravity-perceiving cells,
    thus providing an attractive model for rapid redirection of auxin fluxes following
    gravistimulation.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: LifeSc
- _id: Bio
acknowledgement: 'The research leading to these results has received funding from
  the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research
  and innovation programme grant agreement No 742985 and Austrian Science Fund (FWF):
  I3630-775 B25 to J.F. This research was also supported by the Lab Support Facility
  (LSF) and the Imaging and Optics Facility (IOF) of IST Austria, namely Tereza Bělinová
  for her help with the imaging. JS was supported by FemTECH fellowship.'
article_number: '91523'
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Ivan
  full_name: Kulich, Ivan
  id: 57a1567c-8314-11eb-9063-c9ddc3451a54
  last_name: Kulich
- first_name: Julia
  full_name: Schmid, Julia
  id: 07cf4637-baaf-11ee-9227-e1de57d1d69b
  last_name: Schmid
- first_name: Anastasiia
  full_name: Teplova, Anastasiia
  id: e3736151-106c-11ec-b916-c2558e2762c6
  last_name: Teplova
- first_name: Linlin
  full_name: Qi, Linlin
  id: 44B04502-A9ED-11E9-B6FC-583AE6697425
  last_name: Qi
  orcid: 0000-0001-5187-8401
- first_name: Jiří
  full_name: Friml, Jiří
  id: 4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Friml
  orcid: 0000-0002-8302-7596
citation:
  ama: Kulich I, Schmid J, Teplova A, Qi L, Friml J. Rapid translocation of NGR proteins
    driving polarization of PIN-activating D6 protein kinase during root gravitropism.
    <i>eLife</i>. 2024;12. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.91523">10.7554/elife.91523</a>
  apa: Kulich, I., Schmid, J., Teplova, A., Qi, L., &#38; Friml, J. (2024). Rapid
    translocation of NGR proteins driving polarization of PIN-activating D6 protein
    kinase during root gravitropism. <i>ELife</i>. eLife Sciences Publications. <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.91523">https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.91523</a>
  chicago: Kulich, Ivan, Julia Schmid, Anastasiia Teplova, Linlin Qi, and Jiří Friml.
    “Rapid Translocation of NGR Proteins Driving Polarization of PIN-Activating D6
    Protein Kinase during Root Gravitropism.” <i>ELife</i>. eLife Sciences Publications,
    2024. <a href="https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.91523">https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.91523</a>.
  ieee: I. Kulich, J. Schmid, A. Teplova, L. Qi, and J. Friml, “Rapid translocation
    of NGR proteins driving polarization of PIN-activating D6 protein kinase during
    root gravitropism,” <i>eLife</i>, vol. 12. eLife Sciences Publications, 2024.
  ista: Kulich I, Schmid J, Teplova A, Qi L, Friml J. 2024. Rapid translocation of
    NGR proteins driving polarization of PIN-activating D6 protein kinase during root
    gravitropism. eLife. 12, 91523.
  mla: Kulich, Ivan, et al. “Rapid Translocation of NGR Proteins Driving Polarization
    of PIN-Activating D6 Protein Kinase during Root Gravitropism.” <i>ELife</i>, vol.
    12, 91523, eLife Sciences Publications, 2024, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.91523">10.7554/elife.91523</a>.
  short: I. Kulich, J. Schmid, A. Teplova, L. Qi, J. Friml, ELife 12 (2024).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2024-04-02T11:35:58Z
date_published: 2024-03-05T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-04-23T07:45:02Z
day: '05'
ddc:
- '580'
department:
- _id: JiFr
doi: 10.7554/elife.91523
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '38441122'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: a73a84d3bf97a6d09d24308ca6dd0a0c
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: dernst
  date_created: 2024-04-03T13:18:00Z
  date_updated: 2024-04-03T13:18:00Z
  file_id: '15288'
  file_name: 2024_eLife_Kulich.pdf
  file_size: 11451904
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2024-04-03T13:18:00Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        12'
keyword:
- General Immunology and Microbiology
- General Biochemistry
- Genetics and Molecular Biology
- General Medicine
- General Neuroscience
language:
- iso: eng
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 261099A6-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '742985'
  name: Tracing Evolution of Auxin Transport and Polarity in Plants
- _id: 26538374-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: FWF
  grant_number: I03630
  name: Molecular mechanisms of endocytic cargo recognition in plants
publication: eLife
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2050-084X
publication_status: published
publisher: eLife Sciences Publications
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
  link:
  - description: News on ISTA website
    relation: press_release
    url: https://ista.ac.at/en/news/beneath-the-surface/
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Rapid translocation of NGR proteins driving polarization of PIN-activating
  D6 protein kinase during root gravitropism
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 12
year: '2024'
...
---
_id: '13212'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Auxin is the major plant hormone regulating growth and development (Friml,
    2022). Forward genetic approaches in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana have
    identified major components of auxin signalling and established the canonical
    mechanism mediating transcriptional and thus developmental reprogramming. In this
    textbook view, TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESPONSE 1 (TIR1)/AUXIN-SIGNALING F-BOX (AFBs)
    are auxin receptors, which act as F-box subunits determining the substrate specificity
    of the Skp1-Cullin1-F box protein (SCF) type E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. Auxin
    acts as a “molecular glue” increasing the affinity between TIR1/AFBs and the Aux/IAA
    repressors. Subsequently, Aux/IAAs are ubiquitinated and degraded, thus releasing
    auxin transcription factors from their repression making them free to mediate
    transcription of auxin response genes (Yu et al., 2022). Nonetheless, accumulating
    evidence suggests existence of rapid, non-transcriptional responses downstream
    of TIR1/AFBs such as auxin-induced cytosolic calcium (Ca2+) transients, plasma
    membrane depolarization and apoplast alkalinisation, all converging on the process
    of root growth inhibition and root gravitropism (Li et al., 2022). Particularly,
    these rapid responses are mostly contributed by predominantly cytosolic AFB1,
    while the long-term growth responses are mediated by mainly nuclear TIR1 and AFB2-AFB5
    (Li et al., 2021; Prigge et al., 2020; Serre et al., 2021). How AFB1 conducts
    auxin-triggered rapid responses and how it is different from TIR1 and AFB2-AFB5
    remains elusive. Here, we compare the roles of TIR1 and AFB1 in transcriptional
    and rapid responses by modulating their subcellular localization in Arabidopsis
    and by testing their ability to mediate transcriptional responses when part of
    the minimal auxin circuit reconstituted in yeast.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: LifeSc
- _id: Bio
acknowledgement: We thank all the authors for sharing the published materials. This
  research was supported by the Lab Support Facility and the Imaging and Optics Facility
  of ISTA. We thank Lukáš Fiedler (ISTA) for critical reading of the manuscript. This
  project was funded by the European Research Council Advanced Grant (ETAP-742985).
article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal)
article_type: letter_note
author:
- first_name: Huihuang
  full_name: Chen, Huihuang
  id: 83c96512-15b2-11ec-abd3-b7eede36184f
  last_name: Chen
- first_name: Lanxin
  full_name: Li, Lanxin
  id: 367EF8FA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Li
  orcid: 0000-0002-5607-272X
- first_name: Minxia
  full_name: Zou, Minxia
  id: 5c243f41-03f3-11ec-841c-96faf48a7ef9
  last_name: Zou
- first_name: Linlin
  full_name: Qi, Linlin
  id: 44B04502-A9ED-11E9-B6FC-583AE6697425
  last_name: Qi
  orcid: 0000-0001-5187-8401
- first_name: Jiří
  full_name: Friml, Jiří
  id: 4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Friml
  orcid: 0000-0002-8302-7596
citation:
  ama: Chen H, Li L, Zou M, Qi L, Friml J. Distinct functions of TIR1 and AFB1 receptors
    in auxin signalling. <i>Molecular Plant</i>. 2023;16(7):1117-1119. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2023.06.007">10.1016/j.molp.2023.06.007</a>
  apa: Chen, H., Li, L., Zou, M., Qi, L., &#38; Friml, J. (2023). Distinct functions
    of TIR1 and AFB1 receptors in auxin signalling. <i>Molecular Plant</i>. Elsevier
    . <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2023.06.007">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2023.06.007</a>
  chicago: Chen, Huihuang, Lanxin Li, Minxia Zou, Linlin Qi, and Jiří Friml. “Distinct
    Functions of TIR1 and AFB1 Receptors in Auxin Signalling.” <i>Molecular Plant</i>.
    Elsevier , 2023. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2023.06.007">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2023.06.007</a>.
  ieee: H. Chen, L. Li, M. Zou, L. Qi, and J. Friml, “Distinct functions of TIR1 and
    AFB1 receptors in auxin signalling.,” <i>Molecular Plant</i>, vol. 16, no. 7.
    Elsevier , pp. 1117–1119, 2023.
  ista: Chen H, Li L, Zou M, Qi L, Friml J. 2023. Distinct functions of TIR1 and AFB1
    receptors in auxin signalling. Molecular Plant. 16(7), 1117–1119.
  mla: Chen, Huihuang, et al. “Distinct Functions of TIR1 and AFB1 Receptors in Auxin
    Signalling.” <i>Molecular Plant</i>, vol. 16, no. 7, Elsevier , 2023, pp. 1117–19,
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2023.06.007">10.1016/j.molp.2023.06.007</a>.
  short: H. Chen, L. Li, M. Zou, L. Qi, J. Friml, Molecular Plant 16 (2023) 1117–1119.
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2023-07-12T07:32:46Z
date_published: 2023-07-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-04-07T11:51:24Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '580'
department:
- _id: JiFr
doi: 10.1016/j.molp.2023.06.007
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  isi:
  - '001044410900001'
  pmid:
  - '37393433'
file:
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page: 1117-1119
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project:
- _id: 261099A6-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '742985'
  name: Tracing Evolution of Auxin Transport and Polarity in Plants
publication: Molecular Plant
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1674-2052
  issn:
  - 1752-9867
publication_status: published
publisher: 'Elsevier '
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
  record:
  - id: '19478'
    relation: dissertation_contains
    status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Distinct functions of TIR1 and AFB1 receptors in auxin signalling.
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by_nc_nd.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
    (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
  short: CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 16
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '13266'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The 3′,5′-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is a versatile second messenger
    in many mammalian signaling pathways. However, its role in plants remains not
    well-recognized. Recent discovery of adenylate cyclase (AC) activity for transport
    inhibitor response 1/auxin-signaling F-box proteins (TIR1/AFB) auxin receptors
    and the demonstration of its importance for canonical auxin signaling put plant
    cAMP research back into spotlight. This insight briefly summarizes the well-established
    cAMP signaling pathways in mammalian cells and describes the turbulent and controversial
    history of plant cAMP research highlighting the major progress and the unresolved
    points. We also briefly review the current paradigm of auxin signaling to provide
    a background for the discussion on the AC activity of TIR1/AFB auxin receptors
    and its potential role in transcriptional auxin signaling as well as impact of
    these discoveries on plant cAMP research in general.
acknowledgement: 'We gratefully acknowledge our brave colleagues, whose excellent
  efforts kept the plant cAMP research going in the last two decades. The authors
  were financially supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF): I 6123 and P 37051-B.'
article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal)
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Linlin
  full_name: Qi, Linlin
  id: 44B04502-A9ED-11E9-B6FC-583AE6697425
  last_name: Qi
  orcid: 0000-0001-5187-8401
- first_name: Jiří
  full_name: Friml, Jiří
  id: 4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Friml
  orcid: 0000-0002-8302-7596
citation:
  ama: Qi L, Friml J. Tale of cAMP as a second messenger in auxin signaling and beyond.
    <i>New Phytologist</i>. 2023;240(2):489-495. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.19123">10.1111/nph.19123</a>
  apa: Qi, L., &#38; Friml, J. (2023). Tale of cAMP as a second messenger in auxin
    signaling and beyond. <i>New Phytologist</i>. Wiley. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.19123">https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.19123</a>
  chicago: Qi, Linlin, and Jiří Friml. “Tale of CAMP as a Second Messenger in Auxin
    Signaling and Beyond.” <i>New Phytologist</i>. Wiley, 2023. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.19123">https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.19123</a>.
  ieee: L. Qi and J. Friml, “Tale of cAMP as a second messenger in auxin signaling
    and beyond,” <i>New Phytologist</i>, vol. 240, no. 2. Wiley, pp. 489–495, 2023.
  ista: Qi L, Friml J. 2023. Tale of cAMP as a second messenger in auxin signaling
    and beyond. New Phytologist. 240(2), 489–495.
  mla: Qi, Linlin, and Jiří Friml. “Tale of CAMP as a Second Messenger in Auxin Signaling
    and Beyond.” <i>New Phytologist</i>, vol. 240, no. 2, Wiley, 2023, pp. 489–95,
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.19123">10.1111/nph.19123</a>.
  short: L. Qi, J. Friml, New Phytologist 240 (2023) 489–495.
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2023-07-23T22:01:13Z
date_published: 2023-10-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-10-22T12:50:00Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '580'
department:
- _id: JiFr
doi: 10.1111/nph.19123
external_id:
  isi:
  - '001026321500001'
  pmid:
  - '37434303'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: 6d9bbd45b8e7bb3ceee2586d447bacb2
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  date_created: 2024-01-29T11:21:43Z
  date_updated: 2024-01-29T11:21:43Z
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language:
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month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 489-495
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: bd76d395-d553-11ed-ba76-f678c14f9033
  grant_number: I06123
  name: Peptide receptors for auxin canalization in Arabidopsis
- _id: 7bcece63-9f16-11ee-852c-ae94e099eeb6
  grant_number: P37051
  name: Guanylate cyclase activity of TIR1/AFBs auxin receptors
publication: New Phytologist
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1469-8137
  issn:
  - 0028-646X
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Tale of cAMP as a second messenger in auxin signaling and beyond
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 240
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '12144'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The phytohormone auxin is the major coordinative signal in plant development1,
    mediating transcriptional reprogramming by a well-established canonical signalling
    pathway. TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESPONSE 1 (TIR1)/AUXIN-SIGNALING F-BOX (AFB) auxin
    receptors are F-box subunits of ubiquitin ligase complexes. In response to auxin,
    they associate with Aux/IAA transcriptional repressors and target them for degradation
    via ubiquitination2,3. Here we identify adenylate cyclase (AC) activity as an
    additional function of TIR1/AFB receptors across land plants. Auxin, together
    with Aux/IAAs, stimulates cAMP production. Three separate mutations in the AC
    motif of the TIR1 C-terminal region, all of which abolish the AC activity, each
    render TIR1 ineffective in mediating gravitropism and sustained auxin-induced
    root growth inhibition, and also affect auxin-induced transcriptional regulation.
    These results highlight the importance of TIR1/AFB AC activity in canonical auxin
    signalling. They also identify a unique phytohormone receptor cassette combining
    F-box and AC motifs, and the role of cAMP as a second messenger in plants.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: LifeSc
- _id: Bio
acknowledgement: This research was supported by the Lab Support Facility (LSF) and
  the Imaging and Optics Facility (IOF) of IST Austria. We thank C. Gehring for suggestions
  and advice; and K. U. Torii and G. Stacey for seeds and plasmids. This project was
  funded by a European Research Council Advanced Grant (ETAP-742985). M.F.K. and R.N.
  acknowledge the support of the EU MSCA-IF project CrysPINs (792329). M.K. was supported
  by the project POWR.03.05.00-00-Z302/17 Universitas Copernicana Thoruniensis in
  Futuro–IDS “Academia Copernicana”. CIDG acknowledges support from UKRI under Future
  Leaders Fellowship grant number MR/T020652/1.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Linlin
  full_name: Qi, Linlin
  id: 44B04502-A9ED-11E9-B6FC-583AE6697425
  last_name: Qi
  orcid: 0000-0001-5187-8401
- first_name: Mateusz
  full_name: Kwiatkowski, Mateusz
  last_name: Kwiatkowski
- first_name: Huihuang
  full_name: Chen, Huihuang
  id: 83c96512-15b2-11ec-abd3-b7eede36184f
  last_name: Chen
- first_name: Lukas
  full_name: Hörmayer, Lukas
  id: 2EEE7A2A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Hörmayer
  orcid: 0000-0001-8295-2926
- first_name: Scott A
  full_name: Sinclair, Scott A
  id: 2D99FE6A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Sinclair
  orcid: 0000-0002-4566-0593
- first_name: Minxia
  full_name: Zou, Minxia
  id: 5c243f41-03f3-11ec-841c-96faf48a7ef9
  last_name: Zou
- first_name: Charo I.
  full_name: del Genio, Charo I.
  last_name: del Genio
- first_name: Martin F.
  full_name: Kubeš, Martin F.
  last_name: Kubeš
- first_name: Richard
  full_name: Napier, Richard
  last_name: Napier
- first_name: Krzysztof
  full_name: Jaworski, Krzysztof
  last_name: Jaworski
- first_name: Jiří
  full_name: Friml, Jiří
  id: 4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Friml
  orcid: 0000-0002-8302-7596
citation:
  ama: Qi L, Kwiatkowski M, Chen H, et al. Adenylate cyclase activity of TIR1/AFB
    auxin receptors in plants. <i>Nature</i>. 2022;611(7934):133-138. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05369-7">10.1038/s41586-022-05369-7</a>
  apa: Qi, L., Kwiatkowski, M., Chen, H., Hörmayer, L., Sinclair, S. A., Zou, M.,
    … Friml, J. (2022). Adenylate cyclase activity of TIR1/AFB auxin receptors in
    plants. <i>Nature</i>. Springer Nature. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05369-7">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05369-7</a>
  chicago: Qi, Linlin, Mateusz Kwiatkowski, Huihuang Chen, Lukas Hörmayer, Scott A
    Sinclair, Minxia Zou, Charo I. del Genio, et al. “Adenylate Cyclase Activity of
    TIR1/AFB Auxin Receptors in Plants.” <i>Nature</i>. Springer Nature, 2022. <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05369-7">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05369-7</a>.
  ieee: L. Qi <i>et al.</i>, “Adenylate cyclase activity of TIR1/AFB auxin receptors
    in plants,” <i>Nature</i>, vol. 611, no. 7934. Springer Nature, pp. 133–138, 2022.
  ista: Qi L, Kwiatkowski M, Chen H, Hörmayer L, Sinclair SA, Zou M, del Genio CI,
    Kubeš MF, Napier R, Jaworski K, Friml J. 2022. Adenylate cyclase activity of TIR1/AFB
    auxin receptors in plants. Nature. 611(7934), 133–138.
  mla: Qi, Linlin, et al. “Adenylate Cyclase Activity of TIR1/AFB Auxin Receptors
    in Plants.” <i>Nature</i>, vol. 611, no. 7934, Springer Nature, 2022, pp. 133–38,
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05369-7">10.1038/s41586-022-05369-7</a>.
  short: L. Qi, M. Kwiatkowski, H. Chen, L. Hörmayer, S.A. Sinclair, M. Zou, C.I.
    del Genio, M.F. Kubeš, R. Napier, K. Jaworski, J. Friml, Nature 611 (2022) 133–138.
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2023-01-12T12:06:05Z
date_published: 2022-11-03T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-04-14T07:45:02Z
day: '03'
department:
- _id: JiFr
doi: 10.1038/s41586-022-05369-7
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000875061600013'
  pmid:
  - '36289340'
intvolume: '       611'
isi: 1
issue: '7934'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/168325/1/WRAP-denylate-cyclase-activity-TIR1-AFB-auxin-receptors-root-growth-22.pdf
month: '11'
oa: 1
oa_version: Submitted Version
page: 133-138
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 261099A6-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '742985'
  name: Tracing Evolution of Auxin Transport and Polarity in Plants
publication: Nature
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1476-4687
  issn:
  - 0028-0836
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Adenylate cyclase activity of TIR1/AFB auxin receptors in plants
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 611
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '9656'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Tropisms, growth responses to environmental stimuli such as light or gravity,
    are spectacular examples of adaptive plant development. The plant hormone auxin
    serves as a major coordinative signal. The PIN auxin exporters, through their
    dynamic polar subcellular localizations, redirect auxin fluxes in response to
    environmental stimuli and the resulting auxin gradients across organs underly
    differential cell elongation and bending. In this review, we discuss recent advances
    concerning regulations of PIN polarity during tropisms, focusing on PIN phosphorylation
    and trafficking. We also cover how environmental cues regulate PIN actions during
    tropisms, and a crucial role of auxin feedback on PIN polarity during bending
    termination. Finally, the interactions between different tropisms are reviewed
    to understand plant adaptive growth in the natural environment.
acknowledgement: We are grateful to Lukas Fiedler, Alexandra Mally (IST Austria) and
  Dr. Bartel Vanholme (VIB, Ghent) for their critical comments on the manuscript.
  We apologize to those researchers whose great work was not cited. This work is supported
  by the European Research Council under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research
  and innovation Programme (ERC grant agreement number 742985), and the Austrian Science
  Fund (FWF, grant number I 3630-B25) to JF. HH is supported by the China Scholarship
  Council (CSC scholarship, 201506870018) and a starting grant from Jiangxi Agriculture
  University (9232308314).
article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal)
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Huibin
  full_name: Han, Huibin
  id: 31435098-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Han
- first_name: Maciek
  full_name: Adamowski, Maciek
  id: 45F536D2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Adamowski
  orcid: 0000-0001-6463-5257
- first_name: Linlin
  full_name: Qi, Linlin
  id: 44B04502-A9ED-11E9-B6FC-583AE6697425
  last_name: Qi
  orcid: 0000-0001-5187-8401
- first_name: SS
  full_name: Alotaibi, SS
  last_name: Alotaibi
- first_name: Jiří
  full_name: Friml, Jiří
  id: 4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Friml
  orcid: 0000-0002-8302-7596
citation:
  ama: Han H, Adamowski M, Qi L, Alotaibi S, Friml J. PIN-mediated polar auxin transport
    regulations in plant tropic responses. <i>New Phytologist</i>. 2021;232(2):510-522.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.17617">10.1111/nph.17617</a>
  apa: Han, H., Adamowski, M., Qi, L., Alotaibi, S., &#38; Friml, J. (2021). PIN-mediated
    polar auxin transport regulations in plant tropic responses. <i>New Phytologist</i>.
    Wiley. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.17617">https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.17617</a>
  chicago: Han, Huibin, Maciek Adamowski, Linlin Qi, SS Alotaibi, and Jiří Friml.
    “PIN-Mediated Polar Auxin Transport Regulations in Plant Tropic Responses.” <i>New
    Phytologist</i>. Wiley, 2021. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.17617">https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.17617</a>.
  ieee: H. Han, M. Adamowski, L. Qi, S. Alotaibi, and J. Friml, “PIN-mediated polar
    auxin transport regulations in plant tropic responses,” <i>New Phytologist</i>,
    vol. 232, no. 2. Wiley, pp. 510–522, 2021.
  ista: Han H, Adamowski M, Qi L, Alotaibi S, Friml J. 2021. PIN-mediated polar auxin
    transport regulations in plant tropic responses. New Phytologist. 232(2), 510–522.
  mla: Han, Huibin, et al. “PIN-Mediated Polar Auxin Transport Regulations in Plant
    Tropic Responses.” <i>New Phytologist</i>, vol. 232, no. 2, Wiley, 2021, pp. 510–22,
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.17617">10.1111/nph.17617</a>.
  short: H. Han, M. Adamowski, L. Qi, S. Alotaibi, J. Friml, New Phytologist 232 (2021)
    510–522.
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2021-07-14T15:29:14Z
date_published: 2021-10-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-04-14T07:45:00Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '580'
department:
- _id: JiFr
doi: 10.1111/nph.17617
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000680587100001'
  pmid:
  - '34254313'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: 6422a6eb329b52d96279daaee0fcf189
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: kschuh
  date_created: 2021-10-07T13:42:47Z
  date_updated: 2021-10-07T13:42:47Z
  file_id: '10105'
  file_name: 2021_NewPhytologist_Han.pdf
  file_size: 1939800
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2021-10-07T13:42:47Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '       232'
isi: 1
issue: '2'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 510-522
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 261099A6-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '742985'
  name: Tracing Evolution of Auxin Transport and Polarity in Plants
- _id: 26538374-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: FWF
  grant_number: I03630
  name: Molecular mechanisms of endocytic cargo recognition in plants
publication: New Phytologist
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1469-8137
  issn:
  - 0028-646x
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: PIN-mediated polar auxin transport regulations in plant tropic responses
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 232
year: '2021'
...
