---
DOAJ_listed: '1'
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
_id: '20319'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The time needed by deep convection to bring the atmosphere back to equilibrium
is called convective adjustment timescale or simply adjustment timescale, typically
denoted by . In the Community Atmospheric Model|Community Atmosphere Model (CAM), is
the convective available potential energy (CAPE) relaxation timescale and is 1 hr,
worldwide. Observational evidence suggests that is generally longer than 1 hr.
Further, continental and oceanic convection are different in terms of the vigor
of updrafts and can have different longevities. So using hour worldwide in CAM
has two potential caveats. A longer improves the simulation of the mean climate.
However, it does not address the land‐ocean heterogeneity of atmospheric deep
convection. We investigate the prescription of two different CAPE relaxation timescales
for land ( hr) and ocean ( to 4 hr). It is arguably an extremely crude parameterization
of boundary layer control on atmospheric convection. We contrast a suite of 5‐year‐long
simulations with two different for land and ocean to having one globally. The
choice of longer over ocean is guided by previous studies and inspired by observational
pieces of evidence. Nonetheless, to complement our variable experiments, we perform
a simulation with hr and hrs. Most importantly, our key findings are immune
to the exact values of prescribed and . The CAM model, with two values , improves
convective‐stratiform rainfall partitioning and the Madden–Julian oscillation
propagation characteristics.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: ScienComp
acknowledgement: The authors gratefully acknowledge funding from the European Research
Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program
(Project CLUSTER, Grant 805041). This research was supported by the Scientific Service
Units (SSU) of ISTA through resources provided by Scientific Computing (SciComp).
We would like to thank Prof. Courtney Schumacher and Dr. Aaron Funk of Texas A&M
University for their help in understanding the TRMM Radar data. The authors are
grateful to two anonymous reviewers who helped improve the quality of this paper.
article_number: e2025MS005035
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: BIDYUT B
full_name: GOSWAMI, BIDYUT B
id: 3a4ac09c-6d61-11ec-bf66-884cde66b64b
last_name: GOSWAMI
orcid: 0000-0001-8602-3083
- first_name: Andrea
full_name: Polesello, Andrea
id: 74c777f4-32da-11ee-b498-874db0835561
last_name: Polesello
- first_name: Caroline J
full_name: Muller, Caroline J
id: f978ccb0-3f7f-11eb-b193-b0e2bd13182b
last_name: Muller
orcid: 0000-0001-5836-5350
citation:
ama: GOSWAMI BB, Polesello A, Muller CJ. An assessment of representing land‐ocean
heterogeneity via CAPE relaxation timescale in the Community Atmospheric Model
6 (CAM6). Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems. 2025;17(9). doi:10.1029/2025ms005035
apa: GOSWAMI, B. B., Polesello, A., & Muller, C. J. (2025). An assessment of
representing land‐ocean heterogeneity via CAPE relaxation timescale in the Community
Atmospheric Model 6 (CAM6). Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems.
Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1029/2025ms005035
chicago: GOSWAMI, BIDYUT B, Andrea Polesello, and Caroline J Muller. “An Assessment
of Representing Land‐ocean Heterogeneity via CAPE Relaxation Timescale in the
Community Atmospheric Model 6 (CAM6).” Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth
Systems. Wiley, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1029/2025ms005035.
ieee: B. B. GOSWAMI, A. Polesello, and C. J. Muller, “An assessment of representing
land‐ocean heterogeneity via CAPE relaxation timescale in the Community Atmospheric
Model 6 (CAM6),” Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, vol. 17,
no. 9. Wiley, 2025.
ista: GOSWAMI BB, Polesello A, Muller CJ. 2025. An assessment of representing land‐ocean
heterogeneity via CAPE relaxation timescale in the Community Atmospheric Model
6 (CAM6). Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems. 17(9), e2025MS005035.
mla: GOSWAMI, BIDYUT B., et al. “An Assessment of Representing Land‐ocean Heterogeneity
via CAPE Relaxation Timescale in the Community Atmospheric Model 6 (CAM6).” Journal
of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, vol. 17, no. 9, e2025MS005035, Wiley,
2025, doi:10.1029/2025ms005035.
short: B.B. GOSWAMI, A. Polesello, C.J. Muller, Journal of Advances in Modeling
Earth Systems 17 (2025).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2025-09-10T05:36:16Z
date_published: 2025-09-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-09-10T08:14:28Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '550'
department:
- _id: CaMu
doi: 10.1029/2025ms005035
ec_funded: 1
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month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: 629205d8-2b32-11ec-9570-e1356ff73576
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '805041'
name: Organization of CLoUdS, and implications of Tropical cyclones and for the
Energetics of the tropics, in current and waRming climate
publication: Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1942-2466
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
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title: An assessment of representing land‐ocean heterogeneity via CAPE relaxation
timescale in the Community Atmospheric Model 6 (CAM6)
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---
DOAJ_listed: '1'
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
_id: '19672'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'Some of the classical models of tropical cyclone intensification predict
tropical cyclones to intensify up to a steady intensity, which depends on surface
fluxes only, without any relevant role played by convective motions in the troposphere,
typically assumed to have a moist adiabatic lapse rate. Simulations performed
using the non-hydrostatic, high-resolution model System for Atmosphere Modeling
in idealized settings (rotating radiative-convective equilibrium on a doubly periodic
domain) show early intensification consistent with these theoretical expectations,
but different intensity evolution, with the cyclone undergoing an oscillation
in wind speed. This oscillation can be linked to feedbacks between the cyclone
intensity and air buoyancy: convective heating, radiative heating, and mixing
with warm low stratospheric air warm the mid and upper troposphere of the cyclone
stabilizing the air column and thus reducing its intensity. After the intensity
decay phase, mid and upper tropospheric cooling, mostly through cold advection
from the surroundings, cooled by radiation, rebuilds Convective Available Potential
Energy, that peaks just before a new intensification phase. These idealized simulations
thus highlight the potentially important interactions between a tropical cyclone,
its environment and radiation.'
acknowledgement: The authors acknowledge two anonymous reviewers and the editor who
provided insightful remarks and comments that helped to significantly improve the
manuscript. AP and CJM gratefully acknowledges funding from the European Research
Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program
(Project CLUSTER, Grant Agreement No. 805041). Part of this work is an outcome of
the project MIUR—Dipartimenti di Eccellenza 2023–2027. ANM is supported by HPC-TRES
Grant 2023-04.
article_number: e2024MS004613
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Andrea
full_name: Polesello, Andrea
id: 74c777f4-32da-11ee-b498-874db0835561
last_name: Polesello
- first_name: Giousef Alexandros
full_name: Charinti, Giousef Alexandros
id: 7f7cc04c-074c-11ed-af92-eb16afd85c75
last_name: Charinti
- first_name: Agostino Niyonkuru
full_name: Meroni, Agostino Niyonkuru
last_name: Meroni
- first_name: Caroline J
full_name: Muller, Caroline J
id: f978ccb0-3f7f-11eb-b193-b0e2bd13182b
last_name: Muller
orcid: 0000-0001-5836-5350
- first_name: Claudia
full_name: Pasquero, Claudia
last_name: Pasquero
citation:
ama: 'Polesello A, Charinti GA, Meroni AN, Muller CJ, Pasquero C. Intensity oscillations
of tropical cyclones: Surface versus mid and upper tropospheric processes. Journal
of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems. 2025;17(4). doi:10.1029/2024MS004613'
apa: 'Polesello, A., Charinti, G. A., Meroni, A. N., Muller, C. J., & Pasquero,
C. (2025). Intensity oscillations of tropical cyclones: Surface versus mid and
upper tropospheric processes. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems.
Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1029/2024MS004613'
chicago: 'Polesello, Andrea, Giousef Alexandros Charinti, Agostino Niyonkuru Meroni,
Caroline J Muller, and Claudia Pasquero. “Intensity Oscillations of Tropical Cyclones:
Surface versus Mid and Upper Tropospheric Processes.” Journal of Advances in
Modeling Earth Systems. Wiley, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1029/2024MS004613.'
ieee: 'A. Polesello, G. A. Charinti, A. N. Meroni, C. J. Muller, and C. Pasquero,
“Intensity oscillations of tropical cyclones: Surface versus mid and upper tropospheric
processes,” Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, vol. 17, no.
4. Wiley, 2025.'
ista: 'Polesello A, Charinti GA, Meroni AN, Muller CJ, Pasquero C. 2025. Intensity
oscillations of tropical cyclones: Surface versus mid and upper tropospheric processes.
Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems. 17(4), e2024MS004613.'
mla: 'Polesello, Andrea, et al. “Intensity Oscillations of Tropical Cyclones: Surface
versus Mid and Upper Tropospheric Processes.” Journal of Advances in Modeling
Earth Systems, vol. 17, no. 4, e2024MS004613, Wiley, 2025, doi:10.1029/2024MS004613.'
short: A. Polesello, G.A. Charinti, A.N. Meroni, C.J. Muller, C. Pasquero, Journal
of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 17 (2025).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2025-05-11T22:02:41Z
date_published: 2025-04-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-09-30T12:30:29Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '550'
department:
- _id: CaMu
doi: 10.1029/2024MS004613
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
isi:
- '001472439600001'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 2f7c74aceaeea4be1fff4de300791319
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2025-05-12T12:17:08Z
date_updated: 2025-05-12T12:17:08Z
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file_name: 2025_JAMES_Polesello.pdf
file_size: 942325
relation: main_file
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license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: 629205d8-2b32-11ec-9570-e1356ff73576
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '805041'
name: Organization of CLoUdS, and implications of Tropical cyclones and for the
Energetics of the tropics, in current and waRming climate
publication: Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1942-2466
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Intensity oscillations of tropical cyclones: Surface versus mid and upper
tropospheric processes'
tmp:
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...
---
_id: '14863'
article_number: EGU23-6157
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Andrea
full_name: Polesello, Andrea
id: 74c777f4-32da-11ee-b498-874db0835561
last_name: Polesello
- first_name: Caroline J
full_name: Muller, Caroline J
id: f978ccb0-3f7f-11eb-b193-b0e2bd13182b
last_name: Muller
orcid: 0000-0001-5836-5350
- first_name: Claudia
full_name: Pasquero, Claudia
last_name: Pasquero
- first_name: Agostino N.
full_name: Meroni, Agostino N.
last_name: Meroni
citation:
ama: 'Polesello A, Muller CJ, Pasquero C, Meroni AN. Intensification mechanisms
of tropical cyclones. In: EGU General Assembly 2023. European Geosciences
Union; 2023. doi:10.5194/egusphere-egu23-6157'
apa: 'Polesello, A., Muller, C. J., Pasquero, C., & Meroni, A. N. (2023). Intensification
mechanisms of tropical cyclones. In EGU General Assembly 2023. Vienna,
Austria & Virtual: European Geosciences Union. https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu23-6157'
chicago: Polesello, Andrea, Caroline J Muller, Claudia Pasquero, and Agostino N.
Meroni. “Intensification Mechanisms of Tropical Cyclones.” In EGU General Assembly
2023. European Geosciences Union, 2023. https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu23-6157.
ieee: A. Polesello, C. J. Muller, C. Pasquero, and A. N. Meroni, “Intensification
mechanisms of tropical cyclones,” in EGU General Assembly 2023, Vienna,
Austria & Virtual, 2023.
ista: Polesello A, Muller CJ, Pasquero C, Meroni AN. 2023. Intensification mechanisms
of tropical cyclones. EGU General Assembly 2023. EGU General Assembly, EGU23-6157.
mla: Polesello, Andrea, et al. “Intensification Mechanisms of Tropical Cyclones.”
EGU General Assembly 2023, EGU23-6157, European Geosciences Union, 2023,
doi:10.5194/egusphere-egu23-6157.
short: A. Polesello, C.J. Muller, C. Pasquero, A.N. Meroni, in:, EGU General Assembly
2023, European Geosciences Union, 2023.
conference:
end_date: 2023-04-28
location: Vienna, Austria & Virtual
name: EGU General Assembly
start_date: 2023-04-23
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2024-01-22T12:08:12Z
date_published: 2023-04-13T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-10-09T21:08:01Z
day: '13'
ddc:
- '550'
department:
- _id: CaMu
- _id: GradSch
doi: 10.5194/egusphere-egu23-6157
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has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
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month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: EGU General Assembly 2023
publication_status: published
publisher: European Geosciences Union
status: public
title: Intensification mechanisms of tropical cyclones
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type: conference_abstract
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year: '2023'
...