[{"OA_place":"publisher","das_tickbox":"1","quality_controlled":"1","acknowledgement":"We thank Tadahiro Yokosawa for support and discussions during the experiments. This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Project HyperScaleEM, Grant agreement No. 101164581) and from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) through the Research Training Group GRK 3103 CorMic: Korrelative Materialmikroskopie – Von nanostrukturierten funktionalen Filmen zu hierarchischen Funktionsmaterialien (project number 537140136). B.Z. and X.Y. were supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation under award CHE-2404338. X.Y. also thanks the Principal Investigator Development in Sustainability Grant from the American Chemical Society.","author":[{"first_name":"Shengbo","full_name":"You, Shengbo","last_name":"You"},{"first_name":"Georgios","last_name":"Varnavides","full_name":"Varnavides, Georgios"},{"first_name":"Sagar","last_name":"Khavnekar","full_name":"Khavnekar, Sagar"},{"first_name":"Nikita","last_name":"Palatkin","full_name":"Palatkin, Nikita"},{"first_name":"Sihan","full_name":"Shao, Sihan","last_name":"Shao"},{"last_name":"Wu","full_name":"Wu, Mingjian","first_name":"Mingjian"},{"first_name":"Daniel","full_name":"Stroppa, Daniel","last_name":"Stroppa"},{"last_name":"Chernikova","full_name":"Chernikova, Darya","first_name":"Darya","id":"7dbaf460-fa9e-11eb-b0ca-bc7c7ff21ad0"},{"full_name":"Zhu, Baixu","last_name":"Zhu","first_name":"Baixu"},{"first_name":"Ricardo","last_name":"Egoavil","full_name":"Egoavil, Ricardo"},{"first_name":"Stefano","last_name":"Vespucci","full_name":"Vespucci, Stefano"},{"first_name":"Dileep","last_name":"Krishnan","full_name":"Krishnan, Dileep"},{"full_name":"Ye, Xingchen","last_name":"Ye","first_name":"Xingchen"},{"id":"48AD8942-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0003-4790-8078","last_name":"Schur","full_name":"Schur, Florian KM","first_name":"Florian KM"},{"full_name":"Spiecker, Erdmann","last_name":"Spiecker","first_name":"Erdmann"},{"first_name":"Philipp","last_name":"Pelz","full_name":"Pelz, Philipp"}],"oa":1,"date_created":"2026-07-26T19:01:34Z","PlanS_conform":"1","arxiv":1,"external_id":{"arxiv":["2512.19460"]},"title":"Gap‐free information transfer in 4D‐STEM via fusion of complementary scattering channels","publisher":"Wiley","_id":"22403","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","publication":"Advanced Science","supplementarymaterial":"yes","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2198-3844"]},"type":"journal_article","has_accepted_license":"1","department":[{"_id":"FlSc"},{"_id":"GradSch"}],"scopus_import":"1","oa_version":"Published Version","status":"public","ddc":["570","600"],"researchdata_availability":"yes","month":"07","date_published":"2026-07-23T00:00:00Z","date_updated":"2026-07-27T06:04:57Z","tmp":{"short":"CC BY (4.0)","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"article_number":"e76620","day":"23","citation":{"ama":"You S, Varnavides G, Khavnekar S, et al. Gap‐free information transfer in 4D‐STEM via fusion of complementary scattering channels. <i>Advanced Science</i>. 2026. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.76620\">10.1002/advs.76620</a>","mla":"You, Shengbo, et al. “Gap‐free Information Transfer in 4D‐STEM via Fusion of Complementary Scattering Channels.” <i>Advanced Science</i>, e76620, Wiley, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.76620\">10.1002/advs.76620</a>.","ista":"You S, Varnavides G, Khavnekar S, Palatkin N, Shao S, Wu M, Stroppa D, Chernikova D, Zhu B, Egoavil R, Vespucci S, Krishnan D, Ye X, Schur FK, Spiecker E, Pelz P. 2026. Gap‐free information transfer in 4D‐STEM via fusion of complementary scattering channels. Advanced Science., e76620.","chicago":"You, Shengbo, Georgios Varnavides, Sagar Khavnekar, Nikita Palatkin, Sihan Shao, Mingjian Wu, Daniel Stroppa, et al. “Gap‐free Information Transfer in 4D‐STEM via Fusion of Complementary Scattering Channels.” <i>Advanced Science</i>. Wiley, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.76620\">https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.76620</a>.","ieee":"S. You <i>et al.</i>, “Gap‐free information transfer in 4D‐STEM via fusion of complementary scattering channels,” <i>Advanced Science</i>. Wiley, 2026.","short":"S. You, G. Varnavides, S. Khavnekar, N. Palatkin, S. Shao, M. Wu, D. Stroppa, D. Chernikova, B. Zhu, R. Egoavil, S. Vespucci, D. Krishnan, X. Ye, F.K. Schur, E. Spiecker, P. Pelz, Advanced Science (2026).","apa":"You, S., Varnavides, G., Khavnekar, S., Palatkin, N., Shao, S., Wu, M., … Pelz, P. (2026). Gap‐free information transfer in 4D‐STEM via fusion of complementary scattering channels. <i>Advanced Science</i>. Wiley. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.76620\">https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.76620</a>"},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"dataavailabilitystatement":"The data that support the findings of this study are openly available in Zenodo at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18008901. The reconstruction code is available as an open-source repository at the scatterem github repo.","OA_type":"gold","article_processing_charge":"Yes","publication_status":"epub_ahead","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Linear phase‐contrast scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) techniques compatible with high‐throughput 4D‐STEM acquisition are widely used to enhance phase contrast in weakly scattering and beam‐sensitive materials. In these modalities, contrast transfer is often suppressed at low spatial frequencies, resulting in a characteristic contrast gap that limits contrast. Approaches that retain low‐frequency phase contrast exist but typically require substantially increased experimental complexity, restricting routine use. Dark‐field STEM imaging captures this missing low‐frequency information through electrons scattered outside the bright‐field disk, but discards a large fraction of the scattered signal and is therefore dose‐inefficient. Fused Full‐field STEM (FF‐STEM) is introduced as a 4D‐STEM imaging modality that overcomes these limitations by combining ptychographic phase reconstruction with tilt‐corrected dark‐field imaging within a single acquisition. Bright‐field data are used to estimate probe aberrations and reconstruct a high‐resolution phase image, while dark‐field data provide complementary low‐frequency contrast. The two channels are fused in Fourier space using Wiener‐band weighting based on the spectral signal‐to‐noise ratio, yielding transfer‐gap‐free images with high contrast. FF‐STEM preserves the upsampling and depth‐sectioning capabilities of ptychography, adds robust low‐frequency contrast characteristic of dark‐field imaging, and enables dose‐efficient, near–real‐time reconstruction."}],"year":"2026","doi":"10.1002/advs.76620","article_type":"original","DOAJ_listed":"1","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.76620","open_access":"1"}]},{"external_id":{"isi":["001306564000001"],"pmid":["39242978"],"oaworkid":["W4402316284"]},"title":"Distinct stabilization of the human T cell leukemia virus type 1 immature Gag lattice","publisher":"Springer Nature","author":[{"orcid":"0000-0003-1756-6564","id":"4741CA5A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Martin","full_name":"Obr, Martin","last_name":"Obr"},{"full_name":"Percipalle, Mathias","last_name":"Percipalle","first_name":"Mathias","id":"4986e21c-eb97-11eb-a6c2-a4ef0b629971"},{"first_name":"Darya","last_name":"Chernikova","full_name":"Chernikova, Darya","id":"7dbaf460-fa9e-11eb-b0ca-bc7c7ff21ad0"},{"first_name":"Huixin","full_name":"Yang, Huixin","last_name":"Yang"},{"id":"3A18A7B8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Andreas","last_name":"Thader","full_name":"Thader, Andreas"},{"full_name":"Pinke, Gergely","last_name":"Pinke","first_name":"Gergely","id":"4D5303E6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"id":"2FD6EA6C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Porley","full_name":"Porley, Dario J","first_name":"Dario J"},{"full_name":"Mansky, Louis M.","last_name":"Mansky","first_name":"Louis M."},{"full_name":"Dick, Robert A.","last_name":"Dick","first_name":"Robert A."},{"first_name":"Florian KM","full_name":"Schur, Florian KM","last_name":"Schur","id":"48AD8942-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0003-4790-8078"}],"acknowledgement":"This work was funded by the Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA) and the Austrian Science Fund (grant P31445 to F.K.M.S.). Access to high-resolution cryo-ET data acquisition at European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) Heidelberg was supported through the EMBL cryo-EM platform. We thank V.-V. Hodirnau at ISTA and W. Hagen and F. Weis at EMBL Heidelberg for support in cryo-ET data acquisition. This research was also supported by the scientific service units of ISTA through resources provided by Scientific Computing, the Life Science Facility, and the EM Facility. L.M.M. was supported by National Institutes of Health grants R01 GM151775 and R21 DE032878 and by the University of Minnesota Masonic Cancer Center. D.P. was supported by the DOC doctoral fellowship program of the Austrian Academy of Sciences. R.A.D was supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (grant R01AI147890). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript. Specifically, we also want to thank A. Schlögl for computational support and J. Hansen and V. Vogt for critical comments on the manuscript. We also thank the other members of the Schur lab for helpful discussions and experimental advice.","quality_controlled":"1","OA_place":"publisher","pmid":1,"oa":1,"project":[{"grant_number":"P31445","name":"Structural conservation and diversity in retroviral capsid","call_identifier":"FWF","_id":"26736D6A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"},{"_id":"9B9C98E0-BA93-11EA-9121-9846C619BF3A","name":"Structural characterization of spumavirus capsid assemblies to understand conserved Ortervirales assembly mechanisms","grant_number":"25762"}],"date_created":"2024-09-08T10:29:06Z","department":[{"_id":"FlSc"},{"_id":"LeSa"}],"intvolume":"        32","isi":1,"file_date_updated":"2025-04-23T07:02:33Z","scopus_import":"1","corr_author":"1","ddc":["570"],"status":"public","oa_version":"Published Version","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","_id":"17884","publication":"Nature Structural & Molecular Biology","page":"268-276","volume":32,"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1545-9985"],"issn":["1545-9993"]},"acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"ScienComp"},{"_id":"LifeSc"},{"_id":"EM-Fac"}],"has_accepted_license":"1","type":"journal_article","tmp":{"short":"CC BY (4.0)","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"citation":{"ama":"Obr M, Percipalle M, Chernikova D, et al. Distinct stabilization of the human T cell leukemia virus type 1 immature Gag lattice. <i>Nature Structural &#38; Molecular Biology</i>. 2025;32:268-276. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41594-024-01390-8\">10.1038/s41594-024-01390-8</a>","mla":"Obr, Martin, et al. “Distinct Stabilization of the Human T Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 Immature Gag Lattice.” <i>Nature Structural &#38; Molecular Biology</i>, vol. 32, Springer Nature, 2025, pp. 268–76, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41594-024-01390-8\">10.1038/s41594-024-01390-8</a>.","ista":"Obr M, Percipalle M, Chernikova D, Yang H, Thader A, Pinke G, Porley Esteves D, Mansky LM, Dick RA, Schur FK. 2025. Distinct stabilization of the human T cell leukemia virus type 1 immature Gag lattice. Nature Structural &#38; Molecular Biology. 32, 268–276.","ieee":"M. Obr <i>et al.</i>, “Distinct stabilization of the human T cell leukemia virus type 1 immature Gag lattice,” <i>Nature Structural &#38; Molecular Biology</i>, vol. 32. Springer Nature, pp. 268–276, 2025.","chicago":"Obr, Martin, Mathias Percipalle, Darya Chernikova, Huixin Yang, Andreas Thader, Gergely Pinke, Darío Porley Esteves, Louis M. Mansky, Robert A. Dick, and Florian KM Schur. “Distinct Stabilization of the Human T Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 Immature Gag Lattice.” <i>Nature Structural &#38; Molecular Biology</i>. Springer Nature, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41594-024-01390-8\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41594-024-01390-8</a>.","short":"M. Obr, M. Percipalle, D. Chernikova, H. Yang, A. Thader, G. Pinke, D. Porley Esteves, L.M. Mansky, R.A. Dick, F.K. Schur, Nature Structural &#38; Molecular Biology 32 (2025) 268–276.","apa":"Obr, M., Percipalle, M., Chernikova, D., Yang, H., Thader, A., Pinke, G., … Schur, F. K. (2025). Distinct stabilization of the human T cell leukemia virus type 1 immature Gag lattice. <i>Nature Structural &#38; Molecular Biology</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41594-024-01390-8\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41594-024-01390-8</a>"},"day":"01","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"file":[{"file_name":"2025_NatureStrucBio_Obr.pdf","access_level":"open_access","checksum":"c641ad94afb28917b20425db676fc3ee","date_created":"2025-04-23T07:02:33Z","file_size":13724041,"creator":"dernst","date_updated":"2025-04-23T07:02:33Z","relation":"main_file","file_id":"19608","content_type":"application/pdf","success":1}],"date_published":"2025-02-01T00:00:00Z","month":"02","date_updated":"2026-03-16T12:55:18Z","APC_amount":"12348 EUR","oaworkid":1,"article_type":"original","doi":"10.1038/s41594-024-01390-8","OA_type":"hybrid","article_processing_charge":"Yes (in subscription journal)","publication_status":"published","year":"2025","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) immature particles differ in morphology from other retroviruses, suggesting a distinct way of assembly. Here we report the results of cryo-electron tomography studies of HTLV-1 virus-like particles assembled in vitro, as well as derived from cells. This work shows that HTLV-1 uses a distinct mechanism of Gag–Gag interactions to form the immature viral lattice. Analysis of high-resolution structural information from immature capsid (CA) tubular arrays reveals that the primary stabilizing component in HTLV-1 is the N-terminal domain of CA. Mutagenesis analysis supports this observation. This distinguishes HTLV-1 from other retroviruses, in which the stabilization is provided primarily by the C-terminal domain of CA. These results provide structural details of the quaternary arrangement of Gag for an immature deltaretrovirus and this helps explain why HTLV-1 particles are morphologically distinct."}]}]